中考英语阅读理解小测卷：语言与文化

阅读理解小测卷：语言与文化
一、阅读理解-阅读选择（共10小题；共78分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的选项中，选择最佳选项。
A bag is useful and the word "bag" is useful, too. It reminds us of an interesting phrase (短语), "to let the cat out of the bag". In meaning it is the same as "to tell the secret". And there is an old interesting story about it.
Long ago, when farmers wanted to sell chickens at the market, most of the time they would just throw the chickens in cloth bags. But cats were cheaper than chickens, so many farmers would put cats into the cloth bags instead of chickens. One day, a woman asked a man for a chicken. The man gave her a cloth bag in which there was a cat. The woman begged to see the chicken. When the man opened the cloth bag, a big black cat ran out. Not a chicken! The man's secret was out and everyone knew it.
Now when someone lets out a secret, he "lets the cat out of the bag". And that is the story where the interesting phrase comes from.
1. The phrase "to let the cat out of the bag" came from _____.
A.a woman and a chicken B.a man and a cat
C.a chicken and a cat D.an interesting story
2. The woman wanted to buy _____.
A.a cloth bag B.a chicken
C.a black cat D.a bag and a chicken
3. Why did the farmers put cats into their cloth bags instead of chickens
A.Because the farmers liked cats.
B.Because people liked cats.
C.Because cats were cheaper than chickens.
D.Because cats were easy to find.
4. In "... everyone knew it" at the end of the second paragraph, "it" refers to "_____".
A.there was a chicken in the man's bag
B.there was a cat in the cloth bag
C.the cloth bag
D.the man's cat
5. John "lets the cat out of the bag" means that he _____.
A.makes everyone know a secret
B.puts the cats away from the bag
C.buys a cat in the bag
D.sells the cat in the bag
In most countries around the world, children must go to school when they are 5 or 6 years old. Children in America go to school at 5. American schools begin in September (九月) after a long summer holiday.
High school students take only four or five subjects each term. They usually go to the same class every day, and they have homework for every class. After class they do many interesting things.
After high school, many students go to college. They can go to a small one or a large one. They usually have to spend a lot of money, so a lot of students go to work after school to get money for their studies.
6. Children in America go to school when they are _____ years old.
A.four B.five C.six D.seven
7. In America, school begins in _____.
A.July B.August C.September D.October
8. High school students _____ after class.
A.go to work B.do many interesting things
C.play basketball D.only do their homework
9. After high school. many students go to _____.
A.work B.cities C.make money D.college
10. Many students have to _____ after school to get money for their studies.
A.work B.learn some things
C.help their parents D.others
The Lucky Things for Monkey Year, 2016
Lucky numbers: 4 and 9 Lucky days: the 14th and 28th of each Chinese lunar calendar (农历) month Lucky colors: white, blue, gold Lucky flowers: chrysanthemum, crape myrtle Lucky directions: north, northwest, west Lucky months: the 8th month and 12th month of Chinese lunar calendar year
11. How many lucky things are referred about Monkey Year
A.5. B.6. C.7.
12. Lily plans to get married this year. According to Chinese lunar calendar, which day will she choose
A.Apr 14th. B.Aug 28th. C.Dec 9th.
"How are you " is a nice question. It's a friendly way that people in the United States greet each other. But when someone says to his friend "How are you ", he likes the answer "Fine" even when his friend isn't fine. It's because that "How are you " isn't really a question, and "fine" isn't really an answer. They are common (常见的) ways of saying "Hello" and "Hi".
"Sometimes people also don't say just what they think. For example, when someone asks. "Do you think so " the other one may be thinking, "No, I don't think so. I think you are wrong." But it doesn't sound very friendly, so they may say, "I'm not so sure." It's a nicer way to say that you don't think the same as your friend.
It's fun when people want to finish talking. For example, when a man wants to finish talking with other people on the phone, he may say "I have to go now." Sometimes he often gives an excuse. "Someone is at the door", "Something is burning" and so on. The excuse may be real, or it may not. It's a nice way to stop a conversation and it doesn't hurt (伤害) your friend's feelings. People don't always say just what they are thinking. And it's a part of the game of speaking.
13. The underlined word "greet" means "to someone".
A.say "hello" or "hi” B.make a phone call
C.put a nice question
14. According to Paragraph 1, you'd better answer "_____" to "How are you" even when you're not feeling well.
A.fine B.terrible C.so-so
15. When you don't think the same as your friend, you should say "_____" to his idea.
A.You think so B.You are wrong.
C.I'm not sure.
16. When a man says "Someone is at the door" on the phone, he will _____.
A.finish the talk B.see someone
C.hurt your feelings
Teaching idioms (习语) is a lot of fun. Here are some good books that can teach children idioms.
THERE'S A FROG IN MY THROAT This book has 440 idioms about animals. Each idiom is given a short explanation (解释) to tell what it means. It is for children in the 2nd grade-6th grade. It is written by Loreen Leedy. THE WORLD IS YOUR OYSTER It has idioms that are widely used. Each idiom has a picture to go with it. It is for children in the 1st grade up. It is written by Tamara James. BUTTERFLIES IN MY STOMACH It shows a boy's first day of school through idioms. It is for students in the 1st grade-4th grade. It is written by Serge Bloch. MAD AS A WET HEN It is a classic book for teaching idioms. It is for students in the 3rd grade-5th grade. It is written by Marvin Terban. MY TEACHER LIKES TO SAY It is about idioms used by teachers. It is for students in the 1st grade-4th grade. It is written by Denise Nelson.
17. If you're interested in Tamara James' books, you'd buy _____.
A.MAD AS A WET HEN B.MY TEACHER LIKES TO SAY
C.THE WORLD IS YOUR OYSTER D.THERE'S A FROG IN MY THROAT
18. The book BUTTERFLIES IN MY STOMACH _____.
A.has many classic idioms
B.has some interesting pictures.
C.tells about a boy's first school day
D.is for children in the 2nd grade-6th grade
19. The book about idioms used by teachers is written by _____.
A.Serge Bloch B.Denise Nelson C.Loreen Leedy D.Marvin Terban
Introduction Speaking English is not only about using proper grammar. To use English correctly, you need to understand the culture in which it is spoken. Here are a number of important tips to remember when speaking English in the USA.
General Points to Remember Most Americans only speak English: While it is true that more and more Americans speak Spanish, most Americans only speak English. Americans have difficulties under-standing foreign accents (口音): Many Americans are not used to foreign accents. Conversation Tips Speak about location (位置). Talk about work: Americans commonly ask "What do you do " It's not thought impolite (as in some countries) and is a popular topic to discuss between strangers. Talk about sports.
Addressing (称呼) People Use last names with people you do not know. Always use "Ms" when addressing women. Many Americans prefer first names. Americans prefer informal: In general, Americans prefer informal greetings and using first names or nicknames when speaking with workmates and friends. Public Behavior Always shake hands. Look your partner in the eyes. Don't hold hands: Same sex friends do not usually hold hands or put their arms around each other in public in the USA. Smoking is Out! Smoking, even in public places, is strongly disagreed by most modern Americans.
20. What is necessary to know when we speak English besides using grammar
A.The culture. B.Introduction. C.Grammar. D.Topics.
21. "When speaking to strangers, ask them where they are from and then make a connection with that place" can be used as a sentence to _____.
A.talk about work B.talk about sports
C.address people D.speak about location
22. If you are introduced to a woman called Peal S. Buck, how should you address her usually
A.Madam Buck. B.Miss Pearl S. C.Mrs. Pearl. D.Ms. Buck.
The people in the United States speak the same language as the people in Great Britain. However, American English is different from British English in many ways. There are a few differences in grammar. For example, speakers of British English say "in hospital" and "Have you a pen " Americans say "in the hospital" and "Do you have a pen " Pronunciation is sometimes different. Americans usually sound the "r" in words like "bird" and "hurt". Some speakers of British English do not sound the "r" in these words. Some spellings are different. People in Britain write "colour" and "centre", but people in the United States write "color" and "center". Some words are different. People in the United States use "gasoline" in their cars, but people in Britain use "petrol".
23. American English and British English are different in _____.
A.spelling B.pronunciation
C.grammar D.all of the above
24. "Gasoline" and "petrol" are _____.
A.the same thing B.different in color
C.different kinds of cars D.different things
25. Here are four words: ①honor, ②petrol, ③theater, ④centre. _____ are American English.
A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①④ D.①③
Luo Yuzhe, 13, Gansu
Lanzhou hand-pulled noodles are a form of intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) from Gansu Province. Local people eat them almost every day. A bowl of typical hand pulled noodles comes with beef broth(牛肉汤), slices of beef and coriander (香菜). You can see the cook pulling the dough (生面团) into long rope and spreading the dough. Minutes later, the dough turns into strings of thin or thick noodles.
Zhong Yunfei, 14, Beijing
Temple fairs are a type of intangible cultural heritage in Beijing. They are big gatherings where people worship (礼拜) gods and groups of sellers do business. Several temple fairs are held at different ancient temples during the Spring Festival. When I was 4 years old, I went to the temple fair at the Old Summer Palace for the first time. It was crowded, but still pretty fun.
Wang Keding, 14, Shanxi
Mature vinegar is a type of intangible cultural heritage in my hometown. It is made from different crops, including sorghum and peas and has a strong smoky flavor. Mature vinegar has been around for about 3,000 years. It is particularly popular in northern China. My neighbors loved it so much that they had it with every meal.
Tan Xiao, 14, Guangxi
Single-string musical instruments are a form of intangible cultural heritage from the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous (自治的) region. They are also on China's list of national intangible cultural heritage items. The ancient instrument is popular with the Jing Ethnic Group in Guangxi. The instrument is made out of big bamboo pipes. It has only one string. But it can create bold and beautiful sounds. Local people play the instrument during festivals.
26. There are _____ types of intangible cultural heritage mentioned in the passage.
A.one B.two C.three D.four
27. A bowl of typical Lanzhou hand-pulled noodles comes with the followings except _____.
A.beef broth B.pieces of beef
C.mature vinegar D.colander
28. Which of the following is on China's list of national intangible cultural heritage items
A.Lanzhou hand-pulled noodles.
B.Temple fairs.
C.Mature vinegar.
D.Single-string musical instruments.
29. The mature vinegar as a type of intangible cultural heritage belongs to (属于) _____.
A.Shanxi B.Gansu C.Guangxi D.Beijing
30. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A.People in Lanzhou never eat Lanzhou hand-pulled noodles.
B.Zhong Yunfei went to the temple fair, when he was young.
C.Mature vinegar is especially popular in southern China.
D.Single-string musical instruments are made out of small bamboo pipes.
People celebrate (庆祝) birthdays in nearly every country in the world. And they celebrate them in many different ways.
In Brazil, the special birthday food isn't a cake, but special candles (蜡烛). In China, people eat long noodles as a wish for long life. In Iceland, people have pancakes with sweet candies in them on birthdays.
In Britain, people celebrate the birthday all day. The birthday child is lifted up (举起) by his or her classmates. That is to say, the child can grow up happily and healthily.
In Holland, children not only get presents, but they give things to others, too. They give cakes, cookies and candies to their classmates and teachers on their birthdays.
In Mexico, it's good luck to give birthday greetings as early as possible in the day. So it's usual for the birthday child to wake up at midnight, with friends singing birthday songs.
In Thailand, the birthday person holds a tall candle. The candle is as tall as the birthday person. It will bring good luck to him or her.
In many countries, birthday customs are changing. But one thing never changes—birthdays are special days for everyone.
31. The birthday child is usually lifted up by his or her classmates in _____.
A.Britain B.Holland C.Mexico D.Thailand
32. In Mexico, the birthday children usually wake up at midnight because _____.
A.people must say blessings (祝福) before morning comes
B.it will bring good luck to the birthday children
C.the children have to wake up at midnight
D.the friends want to make the birthday children happy
33. How many countries are mentioned in this passage
A.Nine. B.Eight. C.Seven. D.Six.
34. In China, what is the symbol of long life
A.A big birthday cake.
B.Long noodles.
C.A long candle as tall as the birthday person.
D.To wake up as early as possible.
Although English is not as old as Chinese, it is spoken by many people around the world every day. English speakers are always creating new words, and we are often able to know where most words come from.
Sometimes, however, no one may really know where a word comes from. Did you ever think about why hamburgers are called "hamburgers", especially when they are not made with ham (火腿) About a hundred years ago, some men went to America from Europe. They came from a big city in Germany called Hamburg. They didn't speak good English. But they ate good food. When some Americans saw them eating round pieces of beef, they asked the Germans what they were. The Germans didn't understand the question and answered, "We come from Hamburg." One of these Americans owned a restaurant, and had an idea. He cooked some round pieces of bread with beef in them and started selling them. Such bread came to be called "hamburgers". Today, "hamburgers" are sold in many countries around the world.
Whether this story is true or not, it certainly is interesting. Knowing why any word has a certain meaning is interesting, too. This reason, for most English words, can be found in any large English dictionary.
35. According to the writer, English _____.
A.is as old as Chinese B.is not so old as Chinese
C.is older than German D.is very difficult to learn
36. Hamburg is _____.
A.a kind of food B.a round piece of beef
C.the name of a country D.a city in Germany
37. From the story, we can guess that the word "hamburger" comes from _____.
A.English speakers because they are always creating new words
B.the round piece of beef which those people from Hamburg ate
C.English because Germans don't speak good English
D.a large English dictionary
38. Which of the following is TRUE
A.Few Americans like hamburgers.
B.Hamburgers are made with ham.
C.Hamburgers were first sold about a century ago.
D.Hamburgers are made with beef.
39. Which of the following can be found in any large dictionary
A.Where all the new words come from.
B.Where those Germans came from.
C.The reason why any word has a certain meaning.
D.The reason why English is spoken around the world.
答案
第一部分
1 . D
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：It reminds us of an interesting phrase (短语), "to let the cat out of the bag". In meaning it is the same as "to tell the secret". And there is an old interesting story about it. 它让我们想起了一个有趣的短语，“让猫从袋子里出来”。在意义上，这与“说出秘密”是一样的。有一个关于它的古老而有趣的故事。
因此，正确答案是D。
2 . B
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：One day, a woman asked a man for a chicken. 一天，一个女人向一个男人要一只鸡。
因此，正确答案是B。
3 . C
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：But cats were cheaper than chickens, so many farmers would put cats into the cloth bags instead of chickens. 但是猫比鸡便宜，所以许多农民把猫放在布袋里，而不是鸡。
因此，正确答案是C。
4 . B
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：When the man opened the cloth bag, a big black cat ran out. Not a chicken! The man's secret was out and everyone knew it. 当那个人打开布袋时，一只大黑猫跑了出来。不是鸡！这个人的秘密被泄露了，每个人都知道。
因此，正确答案是B。
5 . A
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Now when someone lets out a secret, he "lets the cat out of the bag". 现在，当有人泄露秘密时，他会说“让袋子里的猫出来”。
因此，正确答案是A。
6 . B
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Children in America go to school at 5. 美国的儿童5岁就上学了。
因此，正确答案是B。
7 . C
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：American schools begin in September (九月) after a long summer holiday. 漫长的暑假过后，美国的学校于九月份开学。
因此，正确答案是C。
8 . B
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：After class they do many interesting things. 下课后他们做了很多有趣的事情。
因此，正确答案是B。
9 . D
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：After high school, many students go to college. 高中毕业后，许多学生上大学。
因此，正确答案是D。
10 . A
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：They usually have to spend a lot of money, so a lot of students go to work after school to get money for their studies. 他们通常不得不花费很多钱，所以很多学生放学后去上班赚取学费。
因此，正确答案是A。
11 . B
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Lucky numbers 幸运数字；Lucky days 幸运日期；Lucky colors 幸运颜色；Lucky flowers 幸运花；Lucky directions 幸运方位；Lucky months 幸运月份。
因此，正确答案是B。
12 . B
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Lucky months: the 8th month and 12th month of Chinese lunar calendar year. 幸运月份：中国农历年的第8个月和第12个月；Lucky days: the 14th and 28th of each Chinese lunar calendar (农历) month. 幸运日期：中国农历每月的第14日和28日。
因此，正确答案是B。
13 . A
14 . A
15 . C
16 . A
17 . C
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：It is written by Tamara James.它是由Tamara James写的。
因此，正确答案是C。
18 . C
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：It shows a boy's first day of school through idioms.它通过成语演示了男孩的第一天上学。
因此，正确答案是C。
19 . B
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：It is written by Denise Nelson.它是由Denise Nelson写的。
因此，正确答案是B。
20 . A
21 . D
22 . D
23 . D
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：There are a few differences in grammar. 在语法上有一些不同。Pronunciation is sometimes different. 发音有时是不同的。Some spellings are different. 有些拼写是不同的。
因此，正确答案是D。
24 . A
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：People in the United States use "gasoline" in their cars, but people in Britain use "petrol". 在汽车中，美国人使用“gasoline（汽油）”，而英国人使用“petrol（汽油）”。
因此，正确答案是A。
25 . D
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：honor和theater都发“r”。Americans usually sound the "r" in words like "bird" and "hurt". Some speakers of British English do not sound the "r" in these words. Some spellings are different. People in Britain write "colour" and "centre", but people in the United States write "color" and "center". Some words are different. People in the United States use "gasoline" in their cars, but people in Britain use "petrol". 美国人使用“r”时通常发音，如“bird”和“hurt”。有些说英式英语的人使用“R” 时不发音。有些拼写是不同的。英国人写“colour”和“centre”，而美国人写“color”和“center”。有些词是不同的。美国的人们在汽车中使用“汽油”，而英国的人们使用“汽油”。 有些词是不同的。在汽车中，美国人使用“gasoline（汽油）”，而英国人使用“petrol（汽油）”。
因此，正确答案是D。
26 . D
27 . C
28 . D
29 . A
30 . B
31 . A
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：In Britain, people celebrate the birthday all day. The birthday child is lifted up (举起) by his or her classmates. 在英国，人们整天都在庆祝生日。过生日的孩子被他的或她的同学举起来。
因此，正确答案是A。
32 . B
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：In Mexico, it's good luck to give birthday greetings as early as possible in the day. So it's usual for the birthday child to wake up at midnight, with friends singing birthday songs. 在墨西哥，在一天中尽早送上生日祝福是一种好运。所以，过生日的孩子通常是半夜醒来，朋友唱生日歌。
因此，正确答案是B。
33 . C
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：全文。文中一共提及了7个国家，分别为：巴西、中国、冰岛、英国、荷兰、墨西哥和泰国。
因此，正确答案是C。
34 . B
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：In China, people eat long noodles as a wish for long life. 在中国，人们吃长面条，希望长寿。
因此，正确答案是B。
35 . B
【解析】
此题考查的是细节理解。句意：Although English is not as old as Chinese, it is spoken by many people around the world every day. 虽然英语没有汉语那么古老，但世界上每天都有很多人说英语。
因此，正确答案是B。
36 . D
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处： They came from a big city in Germany called Hamburg. 他们来自德国的一个叫做Hamburg的大城市。
因此，正确答案是D。
37 . B
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：He cooked some round pieces of bread with beef in them and started selling them. Such bread came to be called "hamburgers". 他做了一些圆面包，里面有牛肉，然后开始卖。这种面包叫“汉堡包”。
因此，正确答案是B。
38 . C
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处： About a hundred years ago, some men went to America from Europe. 大约一百年前，一些人从欧洲去了美国。
因此，正确答案是C。
39 . C
【解析】
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：This reason, for most English words, can be found in any large English dictionary. 对于大多数英语单词来说，这个原因可以在任何大型英语词典中找到。
因此，正确答案是C。
第1页（共1 页）