2022届高三英语二轮复习：限制性定语从句专题学案
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| 名称 | 2022届高三英语二轮复习：限制性定语从句专题学案 |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2021-11-30 15:50:55 | ||
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文档简介
1. 理解限制性定语从句的含义和概念
2. 掌握各类关系词引导的限制性定语从句并能够加以运用
3. 掌握语法填空连词的解题方法
选用正确的关系代词或关系副词填空
Group 1
1. I lost the book _______ I had borrowed from the library.
2. He is the man _______ I saw yesterday.
3.Is he the man _______ wants to see you
4.Please pass me the book _______ color is green.
5. Such machines_______ are used in our workshop are made in China.
6. I still remember the day _______ I first came to the school.
7. Shanghai is the city _______ I was born.
8. Please tell me the reason _______ you missed the plane.
答案：1.(that/ which) 2. (whom/who/that) 3. who/that 4. whose 5.as 6.when 7 where 8.why
Group 2
1. Pay attention to everything __________ I do.
2. He has little time __________ he can spare.
3. This is the best novel __________I have read.
4. They were talking about the person and things __________ they remembered in school.
5. This is the last time __________ I want to see you.
6. This is the fastest train __________ there is to Beijing.
答案：1. that 2. that 3. that 4. that 5. that 6. that
Group 3
1. This is the mountain village _______ I visited last year.
This is the mountain village _______ I stayed last year.
2. I’ll never forget the days_______ I worked together with you.
I’ll never forget the days _______ I spent in the countryside with you.
3.Is this the museum_______ the exhibition was held
Is this the museum_______ you visited a few days ago
答案：1.that;where 2.when;that 3.where;that
一、定语从句的概念
定语从句即指在主从复合句中用作定语的从句。定语从句通常修饰名词或代词，对它进行限制、描绘和说明。受定语从句修饰的词语叫先行词，引导定语从句的词语叫关系词。
二、定语从句关系词
1.
词例 先行词 充当成分 例句
关 系 代 词 which 物 主语、宾语、表语 1. I lost the book which I had borrowed from the library.
that 人&物 主语、宾语、表语 2. He is the man that I saw yesterday.
who 人 主语 3. Is he the man who wants to see you
whom 人 宾语 He is the man whom I talked to yesterday.
whose 人&物 定语 5. Please pass me the book whose color is green.
as as we know (宾语)；as is known to all (主语) 6. Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.
关 系 副 词 when (=in/on/at +which) 时间 状语 7. I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
where (=in/on/at +which) 地点 状语 8. Shanghai is the city where I was born.
why (=for+ which) 原因 状语 9. Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
2. 关系词的特殊用法
(1) 只用that的情况
只能用that做关系代词的情况 例句
当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little, none, one等不定代词时 Pay attention to everything that I do.
当先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时 He has little time that he can spare.
当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 This is the best novel that I have read.
如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词，并同时兼指人和物时 They were talking about the person and things that they remembered in school.
当先行词被the only, the last, the very 等等修饰时 This is the last time that I want to see you.
当定语从句为there be 句型时，关系代词只能用that,也可以省略 This is the fastest train that there is to Beijing.
(2) 宜用who, 而不用that的一些情况
先行词是one, ones, anyone, those时。
One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.
Don’t tell anyone about the news who oughtn’t to know it.
Those who helped us in trouble should be remembered.
(3)关系代词的省略
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，不可省略；做宾语时，在限制性定语从句中可以省略，在非限制性定语从句中不可省略。
Is he the man who /that wants to see you (作wants的主语不可省略)
他就是那个想见你的人吗？
Hangzhou is a beautiful city (that/which) I always want to visit.（在限制性定语从句中作visit的宾语，可以省略）
杭州是我总想参观的一个美丽城市。
Hangzhou , which I visited last week, is a beautiful city.（在非限制性定语从句中作visited的宾语，不可省略）
杭州是一个美丽的城市，我上周去参观过。
三、定语从句的分类和区别
限制性：This is the house which/that we bought last month.
这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。
非限制性：The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。
区别 限定性定语从句 非限定性定语从句
形式上 不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。 用逗号“，”与主句隔开。
意义上 是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。 只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。
翻译上 译成先行词的定语：“．．．的” 通常译成主句的并列句。
关系词使用上 作宾语时可省略 可用that 可用who 代替whom 不可省略 不用that Which既可指代一个词，又可指代前面一句话或事情 不可用who 代替whom
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1．关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语，这些关系词在介词后面只能用which 或whom，不能用that. 也不能用who.
注意：介词选择主要看两点：
(1) 与先行词的搭配
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club
(2) 与定语从句中动词或动词短语的搭配
The book to which he devoted much time is to come out next month.
注意：含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面.
This is the watch which I am looking for.（正确）
This is the watch for which I am looking.（错误）
2. 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club
Do you remember the day when you joined our club
This is the reason why he came late.
This is the reason for which he came late.
3. “介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词。如：
He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。
Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are about country life.
迄今为止，他写了10部小说，其中3部是关于农村生活的。
五、定语从句的主谓一致
1. 一般来讲,定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致.例如:
I am not one who is afraid of difficulty.
Anyone who has questions to ask, please come to my office this afternoon.
The number of people that are going to the exhibition is expected to be over 25,000.
2. one of + 复数名词 +关系代词 + 谓语动词（动词原形）
Tom is one of my friends that love English very much.
3. The only one of + 复数名词 +关系代词 + 谓语动词（第三人数单数)
Tom is the only one of my friends that loves English very much.
一、填入适当的关系词
关系代词与关系副词
1. I will never forget the days ______ I spent with my cousins in the countryside.
2. I will never forget the days ______ I worked with my cousins on the farm.
3. The reason ______ he was late was that didn't allow him to come.
4. The reason ______ he gave for not coming was that his mother didn't allow him to come.
5. The museum ______ he works was built last year.
6. The museum ______ we visited last week was built last year.
7. The first thing ______ I am going to do this evening is to write a report about the experiment.
8. Universities and colleges are places ______ some young people go to continue their education after leaving high school.
9. I like the way ______ you talk and play the violin.
10. I knew I had to do everything ______ I felt was right.
11. This is the best film ______ has been shown this year
12. We were put into a position ______ we had to accept we were less important or fight the government.
答案：1. that/which 2. when 3. why 4. that/which 5. where 6. that/which 7. that 8. where 9. that/ in which 10. that 11. that 12. where
介词+which/whom
1. More and more people are learning English, the importance ______ ______ has drawn much attention of the public.
2. American women usually identify their best friends as someone ______ ______ they can talk frequently.
3. His house, ______ ______ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.
4. George, ______ ______ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.
5. Ashdown forest, through ______ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer.
答案：1. of which 2. to whom / with whom 3. for which 4. with whom 5. which
非限制性定语从句
1. She heard the terrible noise, ________brought her heart into her mouth.
2. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, of course, ________ made the others unhappy.
3. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, the price of ________was very reasonable.
4. ________is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
5. ________is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.
6. He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.
7. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.
答案：1. which 2. which 3. which 4. as 5. as 6. as 7. which
二、完成句子
1. Can you provide the clue for me ________________________________
你能把前几天提到的那个线索提供给我吗？
I still remember the sitting-room ________________________________ in the evening.
我仍然记得那个客厅，我和妈妈晚上常坐在那里。
His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ________________________________.
父母不让他娶任何家庭贫困的人为妻。
Do you still remember one evening a week ago ________________________________ a diamond necklace
你还记得一周前的一个晚上吗？我来你房间借了一条钻石项链。
The second book ________________________________ is Red Star Over China.
我想读的第二本书是《红星照耀中国》。
答案：1. that/which you talked about the other day
2. where my mother and I used to sit
3. whose family was poor
4. when I came to your room and borrowed
5. that I want to read
1. 填并列连词：空格处是否需要并列连词主要是通过观察句子结构确定。这种情况一般是空格前后是两个并列成分，如两个主谓结构完整的句子、词、短语等，而且并列的成分相互之间存在并列、转折、选择等关系。
例1: There were many people waiting at the bus stop. _______ some of them looked very anxious and disappointed when the bus finally came, we all hurried on board.
解析：And 根据句意可知上下文之间是顺承关系，故使用And连接上下文
2. 填状语从句引导词：如果引导状语从句，一般要根据主从句之间的关系及引导词的意义判断，如表示“如果”用if，表示“直到”用until/till，表示“因为”用because/as/since等。
例2：The cow was their only means of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass ________ it began to rain heavily.
解析：when 句意：一天，奶牛正在吃草，这时突然开始下起了大雨。分析句子结构可知，这里是固定句型：be doing sth. when...“正在做某事，这时……”，when相当于at the time that。
例3: Unbelievable! Oh..., ________ you don’t mind, I’ll stop and take a deep breath.
解析：if 句意：这真是难以置信！噢……，如果你不介意，我想停下来深呼吸一下。此处用if表条件。
3. 填名词性从句引导词：如果引导名词性从句，主要是通过判断引导词在从句中是否作成分，如果作成分，具体作主语、宾语还是状语等；如果不作成分，是否有词汇意义。
例4: Also, you can view the people you judge negatively as mirrors to show you________ you are not accepting about yourself.
解析：what, what引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，此处表示自己不接受自己的哪些方面
例5：Soon, they became interested in different types of machines and began to learn ________ the machines work.
解析：how分析句子结构可知，宾语从句中work为不及物动词，结合句意可知缺少表示方式的引导词，应填how
4. 填定语从句关系词：如果引导定语从句，首先要判断引导词在从句中作主语、宾语还是状语，然后再通过先行词指人、指物，还是表示时间、地点、原因等再做出最后的决定。
例6：I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River ________ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.
解析：that/which 因为先行词mountain tops and dark waters指物，且在定语从句中作主语，所以用that或which引导。
语法填空
1. I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table ________ I went to answer the phone. But someone must have taken them because they’re gone.
2. They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year, __________ difficulty they might have.
3. Another new year is coming. It’s up to all of us to fill it with things__________ promise progress and happiness.
4. Can Starbucks find a place in China, __________tea has been the preferred drink for hundreds of years
5. I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to _________should have the honor of receiving me as a guest in their house.
6. As the financial crisis worsens, his father is worried about _________ he would lose his work.
7. He was very tired _________ doing this for a whole day.
8. Little Wang Jun could not go to school __________ his family was too poor．
9. It’s a little far from their shop and his father drives a car to take him to school every day. __________ he’s never late for class and his teachers like him.
10. The school office computer had the grades of all the students: the math grades, the science grades, the grades in arts __________ music, and the grades in English．
答案：1.when 2. whatever 3. which/that 4. where 5. who 6. whether 7. after 8. because 9. So 10. and
一、关系词填空
1. A child ______ parents are dead is called an orphan.
2. Finally, the thief handed everything ______ he had stolen to the police.
3. It is such a big box ______ none can carry upstairs.
4. We will be shown around the city, museum, and some other places, ______ other visitors seldom go.
5. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ______ he is likely to lose control over the plane.
6. I can think of many cases ______ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.
答案：1. whose 2. that 3. as 4. where 5. where 6. where
二、完成句子
1. I’ve grown so crazy about everything ____________________________________ (与大自然有关的).
2.I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains __________________________________ (挂在满是灰尘的窗前的).
3. Later in the next century, people ____________________________________ (来自英格兰的) made voyage to conquer other parts of the world.
4. At first the English ____________________________________ (在公元 450 至 1150 年间所说的) was very different from the English which/that is spoken today.
5.When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude _______________________________ (有五千多米高的 ), she seemed to be excited about it.
6. The book ____________________________________ (老师刚刚提到的) will be very helpful with our English learning.
7.Mr. Smith is very wealthy, but he is always driving an old car _____________________________ (门都已经破了的).
8. Scientists are trying to explain the reasons ____________________________________ (为什么地球正在变暖).
9. Li Hua has two cousins ____________________________________ (在北京工作的), and another one ____________________________________ (在家乡务农的).
10. There are three books on the desk, all of ____________________________________ (都是有关南非黑人的平等权利的).
答案：1. that has something to do with nature 2. that/which were hanging before dusty windows 3. who came from England 4. which/that was spoken between about AD 450 and 1150 5. which/that was of more than 5,000 meters 6. which/that the teacher mentioned just now 7. whose door is broken 8. why the earth is becoming warmer 9. who are working in Beijing; who is farming in the hometown 10. which are about the equal rights for black people in South Africa
一、用适当的关系词填空
1. We have entered into an age ________ dreams have the best chance of coming true.(2019·江苏)
2. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ________ gives specific fertilizer.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
3. Many westerners ________ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.(2018·浙江)
4. Self-driving is an area ________ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
(2018·江苏)
Who is the person ________ is talking about the accident ________ happened on Highway 104
The girl ________ we met in the dam is a film star, ________ played the leading role in the film ________ we saw yesterday.
I see no reason ________ this issue cannot be discussed right now.
The man and the horse ________ fell into the river were drowned.
The building ________ windows are bright at night is our school building.
The department ________ I visited last year was not the one ________ I once worked.
答案：1. when 2. that/ which 3. who/ that 4. where 5. that ; that/which 6. that/who/whom; who; that/ which 7. why 8. that 9. whose 10. that/ which ; where
二、用定语从句合并下列句子
1. China is a great country. There are friendly people in the country.
______________________________________________________
2 . My sister has a friend. His name is Jack.
______________________________________________________
I’ll never forget the day. I joined the League on the day.
______________________________________________________
He wants to visit a place. It’s not very hot there.
______________________________________________________
That was the way. The old lady looked after us in that way.
______________________________________________________
答案：1. China is a great country where there are friendly people.
2. My sister has a friend whose name is Jack.
3. I’ll never forget the day on which/when I joined the League.
4. He wants to visit a place which/that is not very hot there.
5. That was the way in which/that the old lady looked after us.
三、句子翻译
1. 他们在街上见到的钱是我的。
_____________________________________________________
2. 你见到的那位老师是一位很著名的教师。
_____________________________________________________
3. 昨天晚上打我电话的那个男人在今天早上被杀了。
_____________________________________________________
4. 这部电影是我来到这看的第一部电影。
_____________________________________________________
5. 你知道他们正在谈论的事情和人吗？
_____________________________________________________
答案：1. The money they saw on the street is mine. 2. That teacher you saw is a famous teacher. 3. That man who phoned me last night was killed this morning. 4. This movie is the first one that I have watched since I came here. 5. Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about
四、语法填空
Do you have any idea of New Year paintings？1.__________ (know) as “paper paintings” and “painted pictures”, New Year paintings are a special art form in Chinese folk culture. Without New Year paintings, our traditional Chinese folk culture would be much less 2.__________ (color). The paintings get such a name because they are 3.__________ (most) posted during the Chinese New Year holiday for 4.__________ (decorate) and they are also accepted as a symbol of New Year’s greetings.
New Year paintings appeared around the Tang dynasty, replacing the previous door pictures believed to be able to protect the residents and drive away ghosts. In the Song dynasty the New Year paintings 5.__________ (create) on a large scale(规模). 6.__________ the printing techniques improving, the content and forms of New Year paintings became various. The development of the paintings matured in the Ming and Qing dynasties, 7.__________ the art hit its heyday (全盛期)．
There are many 8.__________(tradition) printing methods of New Year paintings, 9.__________(include) woodblock printing, stone-block printing, offset printing, watercolor painting, etc. 10.__________ is reported, woodblock-printed New Year paintings are the most popular and interesting ones, according to a recent survey.
答案：1.Known. 2.colo(u)rful 3.mostly 4.decoration/decorating 5.were created 6.With 7.when 8.traditional 9.including 10.As
五、七选五
Five Simple Ways to Increase Your Intelligence
Your IQ, which stands for Intelligence Quotient, is a scientific assessment(评估)of your intelligence. While there are limits based on native intelligence levels, recent studies have shown that it’s possible to increase your intelligence. Your brain needs exercise just like a muscle. If you use it often and in the right ways，you will become a more skilled thinker and increase your ability to focus. Here are five simple techniques to exercise your brain.
Minimize(使减少到最低程度)television watching. 1 When you feel like relaxing，try reading a book instead. If you’re too tired, listen to some music. When you’re with your friends or family, turn your television off and have a conversation.
2 Time spent exercising always leads to greater learning because it improves productivity during the time afterwards. Using your body clears your head and creates a wave of energy.
Read challenging books. If you want to improve your thinking and writing ability, you should read books that make you focus. 3 Besides, it will make you think in more precise, elegant English.
4 Nothing makes it harder to concentrate than lack of sleep. You’ll be most rejuvenated(恢复活力的) if you go to bed early and don’t sleep more than 8 hours.
Take time to reflect. Spending some time alone in reflection gives you a chance to organize your thoughts and prioritize(优先处理) your responsibilities. 5
A．Early to bed, early to rise.
B．Take some time to exercise.
C．Think of new ways to do old things.
D．Reading a classic novel can change your view of the world.
E．Watching television doesn’t use your mental ability or allow it to recharge.
F．Afterwards, you’ll have a better understanding of what’s important and what isn’t.
G．Just as sitting at your desk all day is bad for your physical self，sitting in the same mental seat all the time is bad for your brain.
答案：1. E 本段主要讲要少看电视，可以用读书、听音乐和聊天来放松。E项“看电视不需要你的智力，也不能让它充电”符合本段内容，故选E。
2. B 根据Time spent exercising和下文可知本段讲用锻炼的方法来锻炼大脑，提高智商。B项“花点时间锻炼”符合本段内容，适合作为本段标题，故选B。
3. D 本段讲阅读具有挑战性的书，D项“读一本经典小说可以改变你对世界的看法”是读挑战性书的好处，与上句连接，故选D。
4. A 本段讲充足睡眠的好处，只有充足的睡眠才能集中精力做事，提高智商。A项“早睡早起”概括全段内容，适合作为标题。故选A。
5. F 本段讲花时间反思，这样才能组织思想和优先处理责任，F项“之后，你会更好地了解什么是重要的，什么不是重要的”与上句连接，故选F。
六、完形填空
It was a very cold Thursday. When I observed the 1 falling onto my car，I really began to wonder if I was going to 2 it on time. Of course I must，because I have no 3 .
About two weeks ago，what my 4 Ellen had talked about was her Christmas concert to be held in her school and some rumors about it. “Mom，Rachel was 5 to sing alone，but she’s not! Linda will replace her to do it.” “Mom，you won’t believe it， 6 Lexie’s whole family is coming to the concert，even from another 7 .” Making a long way out of state to see third graders sing Christmas carols seemed to be a pretty big deal(待遇) for her.
When I sat in traffic，I thought about all the school 8 I had attended alone. Ellen never mentioned it，but I wonder 9 she felt about me being the only one who ever came to her events. My own family lived out of town，and her father and his family 10 quite succeeded in fitting those things into their schedules. I 11 if it bothered her.
At eight o’clock the 12 was scheduled to begin. With only a few minutes to 13 ，I found myself running: first，through the snow-drifted parking lot，then through the school passage. I entered the 14 hall and found a vacant seat near the front. From her place onstage，Ellen saw me 15 for the chair，and she smiled. I was 16 enough to hear the loud conversation of the children onstage.
“Look，Ellen，there is my uncle and my cousin. They came all the way from West Virginia. I can’t believe my whole family is here！” Ellen 17 at Lexie and said，“My whole family is here，too! Look，there she is！” Ellen gave me a big smile. I smiled back at her，never once 18 the melting snow dripping off my head. It 19 occurred to me that while we tried to teach our children all about 20 ，they actually taught us what life was all about.
1．A. dust B．rain C．leaves D．snow
2．A.do B．make C．see D．appreciate
3. A. choice B．idea C．chance D．time
4．A. niece B．nephew C．son D．daughter
5．A. supposed B．reminded C．forced D．persuaded
6．A. so B．but C．or D．and
7．A. town B．country C．state D．city
8．A. meetings B．exercises C．exams D．events
9．A. which B．what C．how D．when
10．A. always B．never C．occasionally D．regularly
11．A. wondered B．ignored C．imagined D．hesitated
12．A. party B．class C．concert D．competition
13．A. start B．use C．remain D．spare
14．A. huge B．empty C．crowded D．special
15．A. walk B．run C．wander D．head
16．A. close B．eager C．prepared D．happy
17．A. glared B．smiled C．glanced D．laughed
18．A. considering B．stopping C．noticing D．getting
19．A. suddenly B．eventually C．gradually D．secretly
20．A. love B．music C．school D．life
答案：1. D 解析 dust 灰尘；rain 雨；leave树叶；snow雪。根据下文“her Christmas concert to be held in her school”和“the snow-drifted parking lot”得知作者冒雪去孩子学校参加圣诞音乐会。可以判断当时是冬天下雪的天气。故选D。
2. B do做；make 制作；see看见；appreciate感激。make it on time 准时到达。故选B。
3. A choice选择；idea 主意；chance 机会；time时间。根据下文得知自己特别能理解女儿的心情，因此冒雪开很长时间的车也赶去学校，只为不让女儿失望。故选A。
4. D niece 侄女；nephew 侄子；son儿子；daughter 女儿。根据空后her Christmas得知，这是母女的对话。故选D。
5. A suppose应该；remind提醒；force强迫；persuade劝说。be supposed to do本来应该做某事，根据下一句琳达替代了她，得知本来是雷切尔的表演。故选A。
6. B so因此；but 但是；or 否则；and 并且。前后表示转折，但情况就是这样。故选B。
7. C town城镇；country国家；state州； city城市。根据空后的“Making a long way out of state”得知是跨州赶过来。故选C。
8. D meeting会议；exercise练习；exam考试；event活动。根据下面的her events可以判断出此处指所有学校的活动。故选D。
9. C which哪一个；what 什么；how 如何；when 什么时间。我不知道她的感受如何。故选C。
10. B always总是；never 从未；occasionally偶尔；regularly 固定地。根据空前的“being the only one who ever came to”得知大家从未参加过孩子的学校活动。故选B。
11. A wonder想知道；ignore忽视；imagine想象；hesitate犹豫。根据本段第二句中的I wonder得知此处指我不知道这是否使她烦恼，故选A。
12. C party聚会；class班级；concert 音乐会；competition比赛。根据第二段中的“her Christmas concert to be held in her school”得知此处指音乐会。故选C。
13. D start 开始；use使用；remain保留；spare 腾出，匀出。根据下面的跑起来可知，距离音乐会开始只剩下几分钟了。to spare多余，富余，故选D。
14. C huge 巨大的；empty 空荡荡的；crowded拥挤的；special 特别的。根据上下文语境可知大厅挤满了孩子们的亲友们。故选C。
15. B walk 走路；run 跑步； wander 徘徊；head朝……走去。根据“I found myself running”可知，此处女儿看到自己在跑。故选B。
16. A close接近的；eager热切的；prepared有准备的；happy高兴的。根据上文的“found a vacant seat near the front”得知我的座位离舞台很近。故选A。
17. B glare怒视；smile微笑；glance瞥一眼；laugh大笑。根据下文的“Ellen gave me a big smile.”得知女儿很开心。故选B。
18. C consider考虑；stop停止；notice注意到；get得到。雪水流下来我都没有注意到。故选C。
19. A 句意为：突然我想到尽管我们一直想要教育孩子人生是什么，但实际上是他们在教给我们人生的意义。suddenly突然；eventually最后；gradually逐渐；secretly 秘密地。故选A。
20. D love热爱；music 音乐；school学校；life 人生。句意参见上题解析。故选D。
2. 掌握各类关系词引导的限制性定语从句并能够加以运用
3. 掌握语法填空连词的解题方法
选用正确的关系代词或关系副词填空
Group 1
1. I lost the book _______ I had borrowed from the library.
2. He is the man _______ I saw yesterday.
3.Is he the man _______ wants to see you
4.Please pass me the book _______ color is green.
5. Such machines_______ are used in our workshop are made in China.
6. I still remember the day _______ I first came to the school.
7. Shanghai is the city _______ I was born.
8. Please tell me the reason _______ you missed the plane.
答案：1.(that/ which) 2. (whom/who/that) 3. who/that 4. whose 5.as 6.when 7 where 8.why
Group 2
1. Pay attention to everything __________ I do.
2. He has little time __________ he can spare.
3. This is the best novel __________I have read.
4. They were talking about the person and things __________ they remembered in school.
5. This is the last time __________ I want to see you.
6. This is the fastest train __________ there is to Beijing.
答案：1. that 2. that 3. that 4. that 5. that 6. that
Group 3
1. This is the mountain village _______ I visited last year.
This is the mountain village _______ I stayed last year.
2. I’ll never forget the days_______ I worked together with you.
I’ll never forget the days _______ I spent in the countryside with you.
3.Is this the museum_______ the exhibition was held
Is this the museum_______ you visited a few days ago
答案：1.that;where 2.when;that 3.where;that
一、定语从句的概念
定语从句即指在主从复合句中用作定语的从句。定语从句通常修饰名词或代词，对它进行限制、描绘和说明。受定语从句修饰的词语叫先行词，引导定语从句的词语叫关系词。
二、定语从句关系词
1.
词例 先行词 充当成分 例句
关 系 代 词 which 物 主语、宾语、表语 1. I lost the book which I had borrowed from the library.
that 人&物 主语、宾语、表语 2. He is the man that I saw yesterday.
who 人 主语 3. Is he the man who wants to see you
whom 人 宾语 He is the man whom I talked to yesterday.
whose 人&物 定语 5. Please pass me the book whose color is green.
as as we know (宾语)；as is known to all (主语) 6. Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.
关 系 副 词 when (=in/on/at +which) 时间 状语 7. I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
where (=in/on/at +which) 地点 状语 8. Shanghai is the city where I was born.
why (=for+ which) 原因 状语 9. Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
2. 关系词的特殊用法
(1) 只用that的情况
只能用that做关系代词的情况 例句
当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little, none, one等不定代词时 Pay attention to everything that I do.
当先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时 He has little time that he can spare.
当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 This is the best novel that I have read.
如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词，并同时兼指人和物时 They were talking about the person and things that they remembered in school.
当先行词被the only, the last, the very 等等修饰时 This is the last time that I want to see you.
当定语从句为there be 句型时，关系代词只能用that,也可以省略 This is the fastest train that there is to Beijing.
(2) 宜用who, 而不用that的一些情况
先行词是one, ones, anyone, those时。
One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.
Don’t tell anyone about the news who oughtn’t to know it.
Those who helped us in trouble should be remembered.
(3)关系代词的省略
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，不可省略；做宾语时，在限制性定语从句中可以省略，在非限制性定语从句中不可省略。
Is he the man who /that wants to see you (作wants的主语不可省略)
他就是那个想见你的人吗？
Hangzhou is a beautiful city (that/which) I always want to visit.（在限制性定语从句中作visit的宾语，可以省略）
杭州是我总想参观的一个美丽城市。
Hangzhou , which I visited last week, is a beautiful city.（在非限制性定语从句中作visited的宾语，不可省略）
杭州是一个美丽的城市，我上周去参观过。
三、定语从句的分类和区别
限制性：This is the house which/that we bought last month.
这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。
非限制性：The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。
区别 限定性定语从句 非限定性定语从句
形式上 不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。 用逗号“，”与主句隔开。
意义上 是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。 只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。
翻译上 译成先行词的定语：“．．．的” 通常译成主句的并列句。
关系词使用上 作宾语时可省略 可用that 可用who 代替whom 不可省略 不用that Which既可指代一个词，又可指代前面一句话或事情 不可用who 代替whom
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1．关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语，这些关系词在介词后面只能用which 或whom，不能用that. 也不能用who.
注意：介词选择主要看两点：
(1) 与先行词的搭配
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club
(2) 与定语从句中动词或动词短语的搭配
The book to which he devoted much time is to come out next month.
注意：含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面.
This is the watch which I am looking for.（正确）
This is the watch for which I am looking.（错误）
2. 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club
Do you remember the day when you joined our club
This is the reason why he came late.
This is the reason for which he came late.
3. “介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词。如：
He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。
Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are about country life.
迄今为止，他写了10部小说，其中3部是关于农村生活的。
五、定语从句的主谓一致
1. 一般来讲,定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致.例如:
I am not one who is afraid of difficulty.
Anyone who has questions to ask, please come to my office this afternoon.
The number of people that are going to the exhibition is expected to be over 25,000.
2. one of + 复数名词 +关系代词 + 谓语动词（动词原形）
Tom is one of my friends that love English very much.
3. The only one of + 复数名词 +关系代词 + 谓语动词（第三人数单数)
Tom is the only one of my friends that loves English very much.
一、填入适当的关系词
关系代词与关系副词
1. I will never forget the days ______ I spent with my cousins in the countryside.
2. I will never forget the days ______ I worked with my cousins on the farm.
3. The reason ______ he was late was that didn't allow him to come.
4. The reason ______ he gave for not coming was that his mother didn't allow him to come.
5. The museum ______ he works was built last year.
6. The museum ______ we visited last week was built last year.
7. The first thing ______ I am going to do this evening is to write a report about the experiment.
8. Universities and colleges are places ______ some young people go to continue their education after leaving high school.
9. I like the way ______ you talk and play the violin.
10. I knew I had to do everything ______ I felt was right.
11. This is the best film ______ has been shown this year
12. We were put into a position ______ we had to accept we were less important or fight the government.
答案：1. that/which 2. when 3. why 4. that/which 5. where 6. that/which 7. that 8. where 9. that/ in which 10. that 11. that 12. where
介词+which/whom
1. More and more people are learning English, the importance ______ ______ has drawn much attention of the public.
2. American women usually identify their best friends as someone ______ ______ they can talk frequently.
3. His house, ______ ______ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.
4. George, ______ ______ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.
5. Ashdown forest, through ______ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer.
答案：1. of which 2. to whom / with whom 3. for which 4. with whom 5. which
非限制性定语从句
1. She heard the terrible noise, ________brought her heart into her mouth.
2. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, of course, ________ made the others unhappy.
3. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, the price of ________was very reasonable.
4. ________is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
5. ________is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.
6. He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.
7. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.
答案：1. which 2. which 3. which 4. as 5. as 6. as 7. which
二、完成句子
1. Can you provide the clue for me ________________________________
你能把前几天提到的那个线索提供给我吗？
I still remember the sitting-room ________________________________ in the evening.
我仍然记得那个客厅，我和妈妈晚上常坐在那里。
His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ________________________________.
父母不让他娶任何家庭贫困的人为妻。
Do you still remember one evening a week ago ________________________________ a diamond necklace
你还记得一周前的一个晚上吗？我来你房间借了一条钻石项链。
The second book ________________________________ is Red Star Over China.
我想读的第二本书是《红星照耀中国》。
答案：1. that/which you talked about the other day
2. where my mother and I used to sit
3. whose family was poor
4. when I came to your room and borrowed
5. that I want to read
1. 填并列连词：空格处是否需要并列连词主要是通过观察句子结构确定。这种情况一般是空格前后是两个并列成分，如两个主谓结构完整的句子、词、短语等，而且并列的成分相互之间存在并列、转折、选择等关系。
例1: There were many people waiting at the bus stop. _______ some of them looked very anxious and disappointed when the bus finally came, we all hurried on board.
解析：And 根据句意可知上下文之间是顺承关系，故使用And连接上下文
2. 填状语从句引导词：如果引导状语从句，一般要根据主从句之间的关系及引导词的意义判断，如表示“如果”用if，表示“直到”用until/till，表示“因为”用because/as/since等。
例2：The cow was their only means of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass ________ it began to rain heavily.
解析：when 句意：一天，奶牛正在吃草，这时突然开始下起了大雨。分析句子结构可知，这里是固定句型：be doing sth. when...“正在做某事，这时……”，when相当于at the time that。
例3: Unbelievable! Oh..., ________ you don’t mind, I’ll stop and take a deep breath.
解析：if 句意：这真是难以置信！噢……，如果你不介意，我想停下来深呼吸一下。此处用if表条件。
3. 填名词性从句引导词：如果引导名词性从句，主要是通过判断引导词在从句中是否作成分，如果作成分，具体作主语、宾语还是状语等；如果不作成分，是否有词汇意义。
例4: Also, you can view the people you judge negatively as mirrors to show you________ you are not accepting about yourself.
解析：what, what引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，此处表示自己不接受自己的哪些方面
例5：Soon, they became interested in different types of machines and began to learn ________ the machines work.
解析：how分析句子结构可知，宾语从句中work为不及物动词，结合句意可知缺少表示方式的引导词，应填how
4. 填定语从句关系词：如果引导定语从句，首先要判断引导词在从句中作主语、宾语还是状语，然后再通过先行词指人、指物，还是表示时间、地点、原因等再做出最后的决定。
例6：I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River ________ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.
解析：that/which 因为先行词mountain tops and dark waters指物，且在定语从句中作主语，所以用that或which引导。
语法填空
1. I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table ________ I went to answer the phone. But someone must have taken them because they’re gone.
2. They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year, __________ difficulty they might have.
3. Another new year is coming. It’s up to all of us to fill it with things__________ promise progress and happiness.
4. Can Starbucks find a place in China, __________tea has been the preferred drink for hundreds of years
5. I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to _________should have the honor of receiving me as a guest in their house.
6. As the financial crisis worsens, his father is worried about _________ he would lose his work.
7. He was very tired _________ doing this for a whole day.
8. Little Wang Jun could not go to school __________ his family was too poor．
9. It’s a little far from their shop and his father drives a car to take him to school every day. __________ he’s never late for class and his teachers like him.
10. The school office computer had the grades of all the students: the math grades, the science grades, the grades in arts __________ music, and the grades in English．
答案：1.when 2. whatever 3. which/that 4. where 5. who 6. whether 7. after 8. because 9. So 10. and
一、关系词填空
1. A child ______ parents are dead is called an orphan.
2. Finally, the thief handed everything ______ he had stolen to the police.
3. It is such a big box ______ none can carry upstairs.
4. We will be shown around the city, museum, and some other places, ______ other visitors seldom go.
5. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ______ he is likely to lose control over the plane.
6. I can think of many cases ______ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.
答案：1. whose 2. that 3. as 4. where 5. where 6. where
二、完成句子
1. I’ve grown so crazy about everything ____________________________________ (与大自然有关的).
2.I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains __________________________________ (挂在满是灰尘的窗前的).
3. Later in the next century, people ____________________________________ (来自英格兰的) made voyage to conquer other parts of the world.
4. At first the English ____________________________________ (在公元 450 至 1150 年间所说的) was very different from the English which/that is spoken today.
5.When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude _______________________________ (有五千多米高的 ), she seemed to be excited about it.
6. The book ____________________________________ (老师刚刚提到的) will be very helpful with our English learning.
7.Mr. Smith is very wealthy, but he is always driving an old car _____________________________ (门都已经破了的).
8. Scientists are trying to explain the reasons ____________________________________ (为什么地球正在变暖).
9. Li Hua has two cousins ____________________________________ (在北京工作的), and another one ____________________________________ (在家乡务农的).
10. There are three books on the desk, all of ____________________________________ (都是有关南非黑人的平等权利的).
答案：1. that has something to do with nature 2. that/which were hanging before dusty windows 3. who came from England 4. which/that was spoken between about AD 450 and 1150 5. which/that was of more than 5,000 meters 6. which/that the teacher mentioned just now 7. whose door is broken 8. why the earth is becoming warmer 9. who are working in Beijing; who is farming in the hometown 10. which are about the equal rights for black people in South Africa
一、用适当的关系词填空
1. We have entered into an age ________ dreams have the best chance of coming true.(2019·江苏)
2. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ________ gives specific fertilizer.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
3. Many westerners ________ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.(2018·浙江)
4. Self-driving is an area ________ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
(2018·江苏)
Who is the person ________ is talking about the accident ________ happened on Highway 104
The girl ________ we met in the dam is a film star, ________ played the leading role in the film ________ we saw yesterday.
I see no reason ________ this issue cannot be discussed right now.
The man and the horse ________ fell into the river were drowned.
The building ________ windows are bright at night is our school building.
The department ________ I visited last year was not the one ________ I once worked.
答案：1. when 2. that/ which 3. who/ that 4. where 5. that ; that/which 6. that/who/whom; who; that/ which 7. why 8. that 9. whose 10. that/ which ; where
二、用定语从句合并下列句子
1. China is a great country. There are friendly people in the country.
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2 . My sister has a friend. His name is Jack.
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I’ll never forget the day. I joined the League on the day.
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He wants to visit a place. It’s not very hot there.
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That was the way. The old lady looked after us in that way.
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答案：1. China is a great country where there are friendly people.
2. My sister has a friend whose name is Jack.
3. I’ll never forget the day on which/when I joined the League.
4. He wants to visit a place which/that is not very hot there.
5. That was the way in which/that the old lady looked after us.
三、句子翻译
1. 他们在街上见到的钱是我的。
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2. 你见到的那位老师是一位很著名的教师。
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3. 昨天晚上打我电话的那个男人在今天早上被杀了。
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4. 这部电影是我来到这看的第一部电影。
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5. 你知道他们正在谈论的事情和人吗？
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答案：1. The money they saw on the street is mine. 2. That teacher you saw is a famous teacher. 3. That man who phoned me last night was killed this morning. 4. This movie is the first one that I have watched since I came here. 5. Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about
四、语法填空
Do you have any idea of New Year paintings？1.__________ (know) as “paper paintings” and “painted pictures”, New Year paintings are a special art form in Chinese folk culture. Without New Year paintings, our traditional Chinese folk culture would be much less 2.__________ (color). The paintings get such a name because they are 3.__________ (most) posted during the Chinese New Year holiday for 4.__________ (decorate) and they are also accepted as a symbol of New Year’s greetings.
New Year paintings appeared around the Tang dynasty, replacing the previous door pictures believed to be able to protect the residents and drive away ghosts. In the Song dynasty the New Year paintings 5.__________ (create) on a large scale(规模). 6.__________ the printing techniques improving, the content and forms of New Year paintings became various. The development of the paintings matured in the Ming and Qing dynasties, 7.__________ the art hit its heyday (全盛期)．
There are many 8.__________(tradition) printing methods of New Year paintings, 9.__________(include) woodblock printing, stone-block printing, offset printing, watercolor painting, etc. 10.__________ is reported, woodblock-printed New Year paintings are the most popular and interesting ones, according to a recent survey.
答案：1.Known. 2.colo(u)rful 3.mostly 4.decoration/decorating 5.were created 6.With 7.when 8.traditional 9.including 10.As
五、七选五
Five Simple Ways to Increase Your Intelligence
Your IQ, which stands for Intelligence Quotient, is a scientific assessment(评估)of your intelligence. While there are limits based on native intelligence levels, recent studies have shown that it’s possible to increase your intelligence. Your brain needs exercise just like a muscle. If you use it often and in the right ways，you will become a more skilled thinker and increase your ability to focus. Here are five simple techniques to exercise your brain.
Minimize(使减少到最低程度)television watching. 1 When you feel like relaxing，try reading a book instead. If you’re too tired, listen to some music. When you’re with your friends or family, turn your television off and have a conversation.
2 Time spent exercising always leads to greater learning because it improves productivity during the time afterwards. Using your body clears your head and creates a wave of energy.
Read challenging books. If you want to improve your thinking and writing ability, you should read books that make you focus. 3 Besides, it will make you think in more precise, elegant English.
4 Nothing makes it harder to concentrate than lack of sleep. You’ll be most rejuvenated(恢复活力的) if you go to bed early and don’t sleep more than 8 hours.
Take time to reflect. Spending some time alone in reflection gives you a chance to organize your thoughts and prioritize(优先处理) your responsibilities. 5
A．Early to bed, early to rise.
B．Take some time to exercise.
C．Think of new ways to do old things.
D．Reading a classic novel can change your view of the world.
E．Watching television doesn’t use your mental ability or allow it to recharge.
F．Afterwards, you’ll have a better understanding of what’s important and what isn’t.
G．Just as sitting at your desk all day is bad for your physical self，sitting in the same mental seat all the time is bad for your brain.
答案：1. E 本段主要讲要少看电视，可以用读书、听音乐和聊天来放松。E项“看电视不需要你的智力，也不能让它充电”符合本段内容，故选E。
2. B 根据Time spent exercising和下文可知本段讲用锻炼的方法来锻炼大脑，提高智商。B项“花点时间锻炼”符合本段内容，适合作为本段标题，故选B。
3. D 本段讲阅读具有挑战性的书，D项“读一本经典小说可以改变你对世界的看法”是读挑战性书的好处，与上句连接，故选D。
4. A 本段讲充足睡眠的好处，只有充足的睡眠才能集中精力做事，提高智商。A项“早睡早起”概括全段内容，适合作为标题。故选A。
5. F 本段讲花时间反思，这样才能组织思想和优先处理责任，F项“之后，你会更好地了解什么是重要的，什么不是重要的”与上句连接，故选F。
六、完形填空
It was a very cold Thursday. When I observed the 1 falling onto my car，I really began to wonder if I was going to 2 it on time. Of course I must，because I have no 3 .
About two weeks ago，what my 4 Ellen had talked about was her Christmas concert to be held in her school and some rumors about it. “Mom，Rachel was 5 to sing alone，but she’s not! Linda will replace her to do it.” “Mom，you won’t believe it， 6 Lexie’s whole family is coming to the concert，even from another 7 .” Making a long way out of state to see third graders sing Christmas carols seemed to be a pretty big deal(待遇) for her.
When I sat in traffic，I thought about all the school 8 I had attended alone. Ellen never mentioned it，but I wonder 9 she felt about me being the only one who ever came to her events. My own family lived out of town，and her father and his family 10 quite succeeded in fitting those things into their schedules. I 11 if it bothered her.
At eight o’clock the 12 was scheduled to begin. With only a few minutes to 13 ，I found myself running: first，through the snow-drifted parking lot，then through the school passage. I entered the 14 hall and found a vacant seat near the front. From her place onstage，Ellen saw me 15 for the chair，and she smiled. I was 16 enough to hear the loud conversation of the children onstage.
“Look，Ellen，there is my uncle and my cousin. They came all the way from West Virginia. I can’t believe my whole family is here！” Ellen 17 at Lexie and said，“My whole family is here，too! Look，there she is！” Ellen gave me a big smile. I smiled back at her，never once 18 the melting snow dripping off my head. It 19 occurred to me that while we tried to teach our children all about 20 ，they actually taught us what life was all about.
1．A. dust B．rain C．leaves D．snow
2．A.do B．make C．see D．appreciate
3. A. choice B．idea C．chance D．time
4．A. niece B．nephew C．son D．daughter
5．A. supposed B．reminded C．forced D．persuaded
6．A. so B．but C．or D．and
7．A. town B．country C．state D．city
8．A. meetings B．exercises C．exams D．events
9．A. which B．what C．how D．when
10．A. always B．never C．occasionally D．regularly
11．A. wondered B．ignored C．imagined D．hesitated
12．A. party B．class C．concert D．competition
13．A. start B．use C．remain D．spare
14．A. huge B．empty C．crowded D．special
15．A. walk B．run C．wander D．head
16．A. close B．eager C．prepared D．happy
17．A. glared B．smiled C．glanced D．laughed
18．A. considering B．stopping C．noticing D．getting
19．A. suddenly B．eventually C．gradually D．secretly
20．A. love B．music C．school D．life
答案：1. D 解析 dust 灰尘；rain 雨；leave树叶；snow雪。根据下文“her Christmas concert to be held in her school”和“the snow-drifted parking lot”得知作者冒雪去孩子学校参加圣诞音乐会。可以判断当时是冬天下雪的天气。故选D。
2. B do做；make 制作；see看见；appreciate感激。make it on time 准时到达。故选B。
3. A choice选择；idea 主意；chance 机会；time时间。根据下文得知自己特别能理解女儿的心情，因此冒雪开很长时间的车也赶去学校，只为不让女儿失望。故选A。
4. D niece 侄女；nephew 侄子；son儿子；daughter 女儿。根据空后her Christmas得知，这是母女的对话。故选D。
5. A suppose应该；remind提醒；force强迫；persuade劝说。be supposed to do本来应该做某事，根据下一句琳达替代了她，得知本来是雷切尔的表演。故选A。
6. B so因此；but 但是；or 否则；and 并且。前后表示转折，但情况就是这样。故选B。
7. C town城镇；country国家；state州； city城市。根据空后的“Making a long way out of state”得知是跨州赶过来。故选C。
8. D meeting会议；exercise练习；exam考试；event活动。根据下面的her events可以判断出此处指所有学校的活动。故选D。
9. C which哪一个；what 什么；how 如何；when 什么时间。我不知道她的感受如何。故选C。
10. B always总是；never 从未；occasionally偶尔；regularly 固定地。根据空前的“being the only one who ever came to”得知大家从未参加过孩子的学校活动。故选B。
11. A wonder想知道；ignore忽视；imagine想象；hesitate犹豫。根据本段第二句中的I wonder得知此处指我不知道这是否使她烦恼，故选A。
12. C party聚会；class班级；concert 音乐会；competition比赛。根据第二段中的“her Christmas concert to be held in her school”得知此处指音乐会。故选C。
13. D start 开始；use使用；remain保留；spare 腾出，匀出。根据下面的跑起来可知，距离音乐会开始只剩下几分钟了。to spare多余，富余，故选D。
14. C huge 巨大的；empty 空荡荡的；crowded拥挤的；special 特别的。根据上下文语境可知大厅挤满了孩子们的亲友们。故选C。
15. B walk 走路；run 跑步； wander 徘徊；head朝……走去。根据“I found myself running”可知，此处女儿看到自己在跑。故选B。
16. A close接近的；eager热切的；prepared有准备的；happy高兴的。根据上文的“found a vacant seat near the front”得知我的座位离舞台很近。故选A。
17. B glare怒视；smile微笑；glance瞥一眼；laugh大笑。根据下文的“Ellen gave me a big smile.”得知女儿很开心。故选B。
18. C consider考虑；stop停止；notice注意到；get得到。雪水流下来我都没有注意到。故选C。
19. A 句意为：突然我想到尽管我们一直想要教育孩子人生是什么，但实际上是他们在教给我们人生的意义。suddenly突然；eventually最后；gradually逐渐；secretly 秘密地。故选A。
20. D love热爱；music 音乐；school学校；life 人生。句意参见上题解析。故选D。