Unit2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks （Grammar Focus-4c）课件(共41张PPT)

(共41张PPT)
Section A Grammar focus-4c
Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.
初中英语
八年级下册 RJ
1. New words: raise, midnight, alone
2. Sentences:
①I’d like to help homeless people.
②You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and
cheer them up.
3. Gramma: ①短语动词
②动词不定式
Learning goals
If we are volunteers, we could ...
Free talk
visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up / help to clean up
the street / help children with their homework / help the old people ...
Warming up
I’d like to help homeless people. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job.
She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read. I’m making some signs to put up around the school.
Grammar focus
Please circle the phrasal verbs.
I’d like to help homeless people. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job.
She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read. I’m making some signs to put up around the school.
I’m making some signs to put up around the school. (教
材P12 Grammar Focus)
put up 张贴
At the Spring Festival, people put up “Fu” on doors or windows.
Language points
put up
建造，搭建
提出(建议等)
举起
He went camping with us and taught us how to put up a tent.
Put up your hand if you know the answer.
I’d like to put up an idea
for the task.
【拓展延伸】put up的其他常用含义：
短语动词是由动词加介词、副词或其他词构成的固定词组或习语（idioms），其作用和动词差不多。有些短语动词相当于及物动词，有些则相当于不及物动词。
一、语法概述
短语动词
短语动词是由动词加介词、副词或其他词构成的固定词组或习语（idioms），其作用和动词差不多。有些短语动词相当于及物动词，有些则相当于不及物动词。
一、语法概述
二、常见短语动词的类型和用法
相当于及物动词，后面必须有宾语，且宾语只能位
于介词之后。
look after 照顾 care for 非常喜欢；照顾look at看
think about 考虑 agree with 同意 wait for 等待
I agree with what you said.
He cared for her more than she realized.
(1)动词+介词
(2)动词+副词
①可看作及物动词，名词作宾语时，可位于动词与副词之间或副词之后；代词作其宾语时，只能位于动词与副词之间。
②有的也可看作不及物动词。
cheer up 振奋起来
clean up 打扫干净
give up 放弃
put off 推迟
take away 拿走
fix up 修理
turn down 调低；拒绝
This is a new word. You’d better look it up in the dictionary.
It’s too noisy. Please turn down the TV. =It’s too noisy. Please turn the TV down.
相当于及物动词，宾语位于介词之后。
catch up with 赶上 come up with 想出
look forward to 期望 run out of 用完，耗尽
He worked hard to catch up with his classmates.
I’m looking forward to the weekend.
(3)动词+副词+介词
相当于及物动词，名词前可加形容词说明程度，宾语位于介词之后。
make fun of 取笑 pay attention to 注意
make use of 利用 take care of 照顾
make friends with 与……交往
It’s impolite to make fun of your classmate.
We could make better use of our resources.
(4)动词+名词+介词
1. I want to ______ my plan to work in an
animal hospital until next summer. I’m
too busy with my studies this year.
2. She hopes to _______ at least five
primary schools to ask if they need
volunteers for their after-school programs.
4a Fill in the blanks with the phrasal verbs in the box.
be busy with... 忙于，后接名词或代词
put off
call up
put up
hand out
call up
cheer up
come up with
give out
put off
3. Our class is trying to ____________ some ideas to
________ sick children because they are often sad.
4. We decided to ______ signs around the school and
________ notices to tell students about the book sale.
We will _______ the money from the sale to homeless
people.
come up with
cheer up
put up
hand out
give out
Please underline the infinitive structures.
I’d like to help homeless people. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job.
She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read. I’m making some signs to put up around the school.
would like to do
ask sb. to do
volunteer…to do
learn to do
decide to do
help sb. to do
make…to do
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时to可省略。它没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。其否定形式为“not to+动词原形”。
一、语法概述
动词不定式
二、动词不定式的用法
常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：
想要 拒绝 忘记 (want, refuse, forget)
需要 努力 学习 (need, try, learn）
选择 同意 帮助 (choose, agree, help）
希望 决定 开始 (hope/wish/expect, decide,
begin/start）
Lily wants to find a job as an English teacher in Beijing.
He decided to help the homeless.
1.动词不定式作宾语
常接动词不定式作宾补的动词有：ask, allow, tell, want, teach, wish, help, warn, invite, encourage 等。
Sam asked me to help him.
The teacher always tells us not to swim in the river.
2.动词不定式作宾语补足语
动词不定式（短语）作目的状语, 可以放在句首, 一般用逗号与后面的内容隔开, 也可以放在句尾。
3.动词不定式作目的状语
动词不定式（短语）作主语时，通常表示一个具体的、特定的行为，其谓语动词用单数形式。
To know oneself is difficult. 人能自知，实属不易。
4.动词不定式作主语
To get there on time, they started early.
动词不定式作定语时通常要放在所修饰词之后。
My duty is to look after the animals.
Who was the first one to arrive
5.动词不定式作表语
6.动词不定式作定语
三、使用动词不定式（短语）需要注意的几个问题
1.不定式（短语）作主语时，常由it代替它作形式主语，
而将不定式放到谓语的后面。主要有三种情况。
（1）It is +名词 + to do sth.
It’s our duty to take good care of the old.
（2）It takes sb. +some time + to do sth.
It takes us two hours to finish the work.
（3）It is+形容词(easy, important, difficult, foolish, right,
wrong...) (+for/of sb.)+ to do sth.
It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only.
It is very important for young people to master two foreign languages.
It is clever of you to do that.
2.feel, find, make, think等动词后如果是不定式（短语）作宾语，且宾语补足语是形容词或名词，常用it作形式宾语，把不定式（短语）放到宾语补足语之后。
I find it necessary to have breakfast.
I think it important for us to study hard now.
3.有一些动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式（短语）通常不带to，这样的动词主要有三看 ( see, watch, notice )、三让( let, make, have )、二听( hear, listen to )、一感觉
( feel )。
【特别提醒】动词不定式（短语）在help后作宾补时，可带to也可不带to。
Did you notice her leave the house
I saw her get into the car.
His parents make him sweep the floor.
The teachers often help us (to) solve problems.
Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs _______ lots of money. In their free time, they think about what _____ for fun. However, few people think about what they can do ______ others. There are many people who are less lucky than us.
4b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
help move do make visit spend
to make
to do
to help
be worried about 担心……
Volunteering our time to help these people is a good way _______ our free time. For example, we can make plans _______ sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year _______ to another place, like one of the countries in Africa, and help people there.
to spend
to visit
to move
为……筹款
1. I’d like to volunteer ____________________________
_______________________________.
2. At 12:00 midnight, I called my friend
____________________________________.
3. I’m very busy but I could help ____________________
________________________.
4c Complete the sentences with your own ideas. Use
infinitives.
at the food bank and help to give out food to homeless people
to ask him an important question
to paint the house for a
few hours tomorrow
4. Summer vacation is coming, and I want
_________________________________________.
5. I want to travel alone. My parents told me (not)
_____________________________________________.
to visit my grandparents in Hunan
not to do that because I am too young and it is not safe
一、单项选择
1.(2021 襄阳中考) —Jim, please help me _____ the tent.
—OK. I’m coming. It’s exciting to sleep in it tonight.
A. get on B. get off C. pull down D. put up
2.It’s not good for you to smoke so much. You’d better _____.
A. give up it B. give them up
C. give it up D. give up them
C
D
Exercises
3.(2021 福建中考) —I haven’t ____ your phone number yet. Could you say it again
—Certainly. It’s 8250-2336.
A. put up B. written down C. thrown away
4.(2020 安徽中考) We are supposed to _____ smart phones and take more exercise instead.
A. take up B. put away
C. look into D. give out
B
B
5.(2021 福建中考) Our school has held many activities _____ the 100th birthday of the Communist Party of China.
A. celebrate B. celebrated C. to celebrate
C
6.(2021 怀化中考) The government asks people _____ the rubbish from their daily life in different groups.
A. to put B. putting C. put
A
7.(苏州中考) —Please stay with me this weekend.
—I’m sorry, but my father and I planned _____ Beijing
a long time ago.
A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited
C
8.(2021 自贡中考改编) —What do you think of learning
Chinese, David
—Actually, I find it hard _____ Chinese well in a short time.
A. learning B. learn C. to learn
9.(2021 吉林中考) Mr. White invited me _____ the hill
with him last weekend.
A. to climb B. climb C. climbing
C
A
1.他们帮助无家可归的人过上舒适的生活，帮助贫困的
孩子上学。
They helped _______ _________ to live a comfortable
life and the poor kids to go to school.
2.(2021 怀化中考改编)他的父母非常担心他，回来和他交谈。
His parents were very_______ _________him and came
back to talk with him.
二、完成句子
the homeless
worried about
3.我们已经制订一个计划来完成这项工作。
We have made a plan ______ _______ the work.
4.学好英语不容易。
It is not easy _____ _______ English well.
5.我有点儿事要和你谈一谈。
I have something _____ ______ with you.
to finish
to talk
to learn
Key words
raise, midnight, alone
Summary
Sentences
①I’d like to help homeless people.
②You could ask hospitals to let you
visit the kids and cheer them up.
Grammar
短语动词
动词不定式
动词+介词
动词+副词
动词+副词+介词
动词+名词+介词
作宾语
作宾补
作目的状语
作主语
作表语
作定语
1. Review the use of “Phrasal verbs” and “Infinitives”.
2. Make sentences with infinitives, no less than five.
3. Preview the new words and phrases in Section B (1a-
1e).
Homework
THANKS
谢谢聆听！