单元知识点梳理
词汇拓展
1.睡过头；睡得太久v. oversleep(过去式) overslept(过去分词) overslept
2.工作v./n. work工作者；工人n. worker
3.在……上面prep. 在上面adv. above超过，多于；在……上方prep.(近义词) over在……上prep.(近义词) on
4.着火；燃烧v. burn(过去式) burnt/burned (过去分词) burnt/burned 着火的；燃烧的adj.(现在分词) burning
5.向西；朝西adv. 向西的；西部的adj. 西；西方n. west向东；朝东adv. 东方的；东部的adj. 东；东方n.(对应词) east
6.发现；发觉v. discover发现；发觉n. discovery
7.办公室n. office军官；官员n. officer
8.相信；认为有可能v. believe可相信的；可信任的adj. believable难以置信的；不真实的adj.(反义词) unbelievable
9.出现v. appear消失；不见v.(反义词) disappear
词块归纳
1.捎……一程 give…a lift
2.与……成一排 in line with
3.赶到；露面 show up
4.在……以前 by the time…
5.发生；继续 go on
6.至少；不少于；起码 at least
7.醒来 wake up
8.洗脸 wash one's face
9.从……跳下 jump out of...
10.变成 turn into
11.冲出；奔出 rush out
12.充满；装满 be full of
13.(飞机等)起飞 take off
14.(闹铃、警铃等)突然响起 go off
15.在(某时间点)以前 by the end of
16.穿上衣服 get dressed
17.熬夜 stay up
18.愚人节 April Fool's Day
19.化装舞会 costume party
20.卖光 sell out
21.发生 take place
22.减肥 lose weight
23.结婚 get married
24.着陆 land on
25.多于；超过 more than
26.用完；耗尽 run out of
27.数以百计的；成百上千的 hundreds of
核心句型
1.幸运的是，卡尔的爸爸在街上看见了我并开车捎了我一程。
Luckily，Carl's dad saw me on the street and gave me a lift in his car.
2.我正要上楼，这时我决定先去买杯咖啡。
I was about to go up when I decided to get a coffee first.
3.当我正和其他办公室的工作人员排队等候时，我听到了一声巨响。
As I was waiting in line with other office workers，I heard a loud sound.
4.我们直愣愣地盯着燃烧着的大楼上升起的黑烟，无法相信(这一切)。
We stared in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building.
5.它是在每年的4月1日，在这一天许多人互相做各种各样的恶作剧，开各种各样的玩笑。
It happens on April 1st every year and is a day when many people play all kinds of tricks and jokes on each other.
6.许多人跑去当地的超市尽可能多地买意大利面条。
Many people ran to their local supermarkets to buy as much spaghetti as they could/as possible.
7.当人们意识到这个故事是一个骗局时，全国所有的意大利面条都已经卖光了。
By the time people realized that the story was a hoax，all of the spaghetti across the country had been sold out.
8.许多愚人节玩笑的结局并不是那么有趣。
Many April Fool's jokes may end up being not very funny.
9.到那天结束时，为了弄清楚怎样得到这种水，已经有一万多人给电视台打电话。
By the end of the day，more than 10，000 people had phoned the TV station to find out how to get this water.
重难知识点归纳
Life is full of the unexpected.生活充满了意想不到的事。
1.“the＋形容词”的用法小结：
①“the＋形容词”表示某一类型的人。
the rich富人 the poor穷人
the blind盲人 the sick病人
the old老人 the young年轻人
②“the＋分词形容词”表示某一类型的人。
the wounded伤员 the killed被杀者
③“the＋国籍形容词”表示全体国民。
the British英国人 the American美国人
the Chinese中国人
2.unexpected为形容词，意为“出乎意料的；始料不及的”，是由expected加上否定前缀un-构成的。
What he did made me feel very unexpected.他所做的事使我感到非常意外。
The news may be unexpected.However，it is true.这消息可能是出乎意料的。然而它却是真的。
I overslept.我睡过了头。
oversleep是动词，意为“睡过头”，其过去式和过去分词均为overslept。
I overslept my appointment.我睡过了头，误了约会时间。
【拓展延伸】以前缀over-开头的词：
overage超龄的 overconfident过于自信的
oversize特大号的 overcooked煮得过熟的
overwork过度工作 overgrow生长过度
overeat吃得过饱 overheat过热
overuse过度使用 overdo做得过分；过火
overtime超时的；加班的
We stared in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building.我们不敢相信地盯着燃烧着的大楼上升起的黑烟。
1.stare作不及物动词，常和at连用，stare at…意为“盯着……看”。
I told my son to stop staring at the disabled.我告诉我儿子不要盯着残疾人看。
2.above在此为介词，表示“在……上面”，与below意思相反，说明物体之间的上下位置关系，不触及表面，也不表示垂直关系。
【易混辨析】above，over与on
above 表示相对高度，不一定是在正上方，它的反义词是below。
over 表示在垂直之上，其反义词是below。
on 表示与表面接触。
The plane flew above the clouds.飞机在云层上面飞行。
There is a bridge over the river.河上有座桥。
My mother laid out the food on the table.我妈妈把食物摆在了餐桌上。
3.burning为形容词，意为“着火的；燃烧的”，在句中作定语。
Don't throw a burning cigarette.It may start a fire.不要乱扔烧着的香烟，它可能会引起一场火灾。
【易混辨析】burning与burned
burning 作形容词，意为“燃烧的”。
burned 作形容词，意为“烧焦的”。
The only decision is to leave the burning helicopter.唯一的决定就是离开这架着火的直升机。
The smell of burned plastic is not good.燃烧过的塑料味道不好闻。
I felt lucky to be alive.能活下来我感到很幸运。
alive作形容词，意为“活着；有生气的”。
【易混辨析】alive，living，live与lively
alive 活着；有生气的 作表语、宾补或后置定语。多用于指人，也可指物。
living 活着的；健在的 常用作表语或定语。既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。
live 活的；有生命力的；实况转播的 只用作前置定语。只可修饰物，不可修饰人。
lively 活泼的；生机勃勃的 可作表语、前置定语或宾补。既可指人，也可指物。
Do you think a bird can still be alive without eating for 3 days 你认为一只小鸟三天不吃东西还会活着吗？
My first teacher is still living.我的启蒙老师仍然还健在。
The cat caught a live mouse.这只猫抓到了一只活老鼠。
Jane is a very lively girl.简是一个非常活泼的女孩。
The other planes were full so I had to wait till the next day.其他的飞机已经满了，所以我不得不等到第二天。
till(＝until)意为“到；直到”，在句中作介词。till也可作连词。
【拓展延伸】
①till用于肯定句时，主句的动词只用延续性的，它所表示的动作一直延续到till或until表示的时间为止，意为“直到……为止”。
She watched TV till/until her mother came back.她看电视直到她母亲回来。
②till用于否定句时，主句的动词一般是非延续性的，它所表示的动作直到till或until所表示的时间才发生，意为“直到……(才)”。
She didn't go to bed till/until her mother came back.直到她母亲回来她才(开始)上床睡觉。
Luckily，Carl's dad saw me on the street and gave me a lift in his car.幸运的是，卡尔的爸爸在街上看到了我，用他的车捎了我一程。
give…a lift意为“捎……一程”。相当于give sb. a ride。
【拓展延伸】give＋sb.＋a＋名词
How did the writer end up missing both events？作者最后怎样错过了这两件事？
end up意为“结束；告终”，相当于finish，后面常接名词、代词或动名词，
end up with表示“以……告终”，up可以省去。其反义短语为start/begin with。
【拓展延伸】
end up as…最后成为……
end up like…最后像……一样
He worked very hard and ended up as a famous scientist.他非常努力，最终成为一位著名的科学家。
Try to keep healthy.I don't want you to end up like that.努力保持健康。我不想你最后落得那样的结果。
By the time I arrived at the party，everyone else had already shown up.当我到达晚会时，其余的每个人都赶到了。
1.show up 意为“赶到；露面”，是不及物动词短语，不能接宾语。
2.by the time...意为“在……以前”。
【拓展延伸】
by the end of在(某时间点)以前；到……末
By the end of the school day，…到放学的时候，……
【易混辨析】by the end of，at the end of与in the end
by the end of 在……以前；到……为止 常与将来时或过去完成时连用。 与表时间的词连用，不与表地点的词连用。
at the end of 在……的终点/尽头 后可接表示时间或地点的名词。
in the end 最后，终于 相当于at last/finally，后面不能接of短语。
By the end of last term，we had learned 3，000 English words.到上学期末，我们已经学了三千个英语单词。
You will find a hospital at the end of the street.在街的尽头你会找到一家医院。
I hope our team will win in the end.我希望我们的队最终赢得比赛。
By the time people realized that the story was a hoax，all of the spaghetti across the country had been sold out.当人们意识到这个事件是一个恶作剧时，整个国家的意大利面条已经销售一空。
sell out意为“卖光”，为动副短语，后接代词作宾语时，代词须放在sell和out之间。
【拓展延伸】out相关短语：
【易混辨析】run out of与run out
run out of 及物动词短语，表示主动含义，主语通常是人。
run out 不及物动词短语，表示被动含义，主语通常是物，相当于be used up。
We have run out of our time.＝Our time has run out.我们的时间已经用完了。
What happened to Dave on April Fool's Day？在愚人节那天戴维发生了什么？
happen意为“发生”，是不及物动词，常用于sth. happen(s)/happened to sb.结构中,意为“某人发生了某事”。
A traffic accident happened to her this morning.今天上午她发生了交通事故。
【拓展延伸】happen的其他结构：
①“sth.＋happen(s)/happened＋地点/时间状语”表示“某地/某时发生了什么事”，主语是“某事”，不能用于被动语态中。
The story happened in 1876.故事发生在1876年。
②sb. happen(s)/happened to do sth.表示“某人碰巧做某事”， 此时，happen表示“碰巧”，主语通常是“人”。
I happened to see a burning house on my way home.在回家的路上我碰巧看到一所正在燃烧的房子。
单元语法点回顾
1.过去完成时的定义：
过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。它是一种相对于一般过去时的时态，没有一般过去时就没有过去完成时。
2.过去完成时的构成：
过去完成时是由“助动词had(无意义)＋动词的过去分词”构成的，had用于各种人称和数。
肯定句：主语＋had＋动词的过去分词＋其他.
e.g. We had reached the top of the hill before midnight.
在半夜之前我们已登上了山顶。
否定句：主语＋had＋not＋动词的过去分词＋其他.
e.g. They hadn’t finished the work when we got there.
我们到那儿时,他们还没有完成工作。
(3)一般疑问句：Had＋主语＋动词的过去分词＋其他？
肯定回答：Yes，主语＋had. 否定回答：No，主语＋hadn't.
e.g. —Had you finished your homework when you arrived at school
—Yes,I had./No, I hadn’t.
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词(组)＋一般疑问句？
e.g. What had you told her before I got there 在我到达之前，你和她说了什么？
【拓展】被动语态：主语＋had (not)＋been＋动词的过去分词＋其他.
3.过去完成时的判断依据
(1)由时间状语来判定
一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有by，by the end of，“before＋过去的时间点”，“by the time＋一般过去时从句”等。
e.g. I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.
到昨天晚上九点钟，我已经读完这部小说了。
e.g. The bus had already left by the time/when I got there.我到达那里时，公共汽车已经离开了。
(2)由“过去的过去”来判定
过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在宾语从句或状语从句中。
①当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。e.g. She said that she had seen the film before.她说她以前看过这部电影。
②在表示时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主句和从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。
e.g. After he had finished his homework，he went to bed.他完成作业后就上床睡觉了。
【注意】 before或after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表示了动作的先后关系，若主句和从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主句和从句都可以用一般过去时。
e.g. After he closed the door，he left the classroom.他关上门后就离开了教室。
(3)根据上下文来判定
e.g. I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday.We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.
我昨天在街上碰见王涛了。自从他去了北京，我们就没见过面了。
4.过去完成时的用法：
表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即发生在“过去的过去”。
e.g. When I woke up，it had stopped raining.我醒来时，雨已经停了。(“雨停”发生在“我醒来”之前)
表示某一动作或状态在过去某时已经开始，一直延续到某一过去时间，而且动作尚未结束，仍然有继续下去的可能。常和for, since构成的短语或引导的从句连用。
e.g. By the end of last year，he had worked in the factory for twenty years.到去年年底为止，他已经在这个工厂工作了20年。(已经工作了 20 年，还有继续进行下去的可能)
(3) 放在said，told，asked，thought，wondered等过去时动词的后面，表示在这些动作发生之前已经发生了的事情。
e.g. My friend told me that he had passed the exam.
我的朋友告诉我，他已通过了考试。
单元知识点过关
过单词
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语意思完成句子。
1.Hector gets back from work very late on ______________ (工作日).
2.The result of the match is ______________(出乎意料的). The weak team won the game.
3.She felt very (窘迫的) when they asked her age.
4.Never put off (直到) tomorrow what you can do today.
5.He is trying to (愚弄) you. Don’t listen to him.
1.workdays 2.unexpected 3. embarrassed 4.till/until 5.fool
Ⅱ.根据句意，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，其中有一词多余。
alive, above, office, cancel, believe, burn
1.The mountain climbing this weekend will be ________ because of the exam.
2.They were so surprised to see the old man was still .
3. He told us many facts in order to make what he said .
4. I see a plane flying the clouds.
5. The ordered his soldiers to stay where they were.
1.canceled 2.alive 3.believable 4.above 5.officer
Ⅲ.根据首字母提示填空。
1.You can't o tomorrow. We must catch the early bus.
2.When spring comes, the snow and ice d slowly.
3.Fire! Keep away from the b house. It's very dangerous.
4.You’ll make a fascinating d in the experiment.
5.I don’t hope to a the result of the exam.
1.oversleep 2.disappear 3.burning 4.discovery 5.announce
过短语
根据句意用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。(有一项多余)
be about to by accident plenty of show up feel like sell out
1.The Internet provides us with information which is used in many ways.
2. I really don't mean to know your secret. I only found it .
3. If you're afraid of taking the lift or just exercising, you can climb the stairs to go up.
4.I leave when the telephone suddenly rang.
5.We didn't meet Jane at the party. By the time we left, she hadn’t ______________ yet.
1.plenty of 2.by accident 3.feel like 4.was about to 5.shown up
过句子
根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。
1.我们正要出发，这时他回来了，带来了坏消息。
We ______ just _______ to _______ _______ when he returned _______ the bad news.
2.我直盯着他，十分震惊，不相信他说的一切。
I ________ ________ him ______ ________, and was shocked at what he had said.
3.当你去乘公交车时，你应该与其他人排队等候而不是插队。
When you take the bus, you should _______ _______ line with other people，_______ _______ cutting in line.
4.许多人跑到他们当地的超市尽可能多地买盐。
Many people ran to their local supermarkets to buy ________ much salt ________ they could.
5.四月一日这一天是许多人互相之间搞恶作剧开玩笑的节日。
April 1st is a day ______ many people ______ all kinds of ______ and jokes _______ each other.
1.were; about; set out; with 2.stared at;in disbelief 3.wait in;instead of
4.as;as 5.when;play;tricks;on
过交际
补全对话。（有两项多余）
A: Summer holidays will begin next month. Are you going back to your hometown
B: No. 1.
A: What are you going to do
B: Mom will take me to Beijing. 2.
A: She will be very happy to see you.
B: Yes. we haven’t seen each other for several years.
A: 3.
B: She is an English teacher. She is teaching in Beijing now. But last year she taught in Hong Kong.
A:4.
B: Yes, she has. She likes traveling. So she always moves to different places to work.
A: Is she going to work in Dalian
B: Yes. 5.
A: That’s great.
I don't go there.
What does your aunt do
We'll meet my aunt there.
I went back last summer holiday.
Is your aunt going to another place
She has been to many places,hasn't she
G. Next year she is going to teach in our school.
1-5 D C B F G
过语法
I.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1.He told me that he ______________(give) back the book to Tom.
2.Catherine _______________(finish) the letter before her mother came into her bedroom.
3.The train ______________(leave) when I got to the station.
4.The little girl __________(be) in bed for almost a month since she ________(fall) sick.
5.When I ________ (get) home yesterday,I suddenly remembered that I ______(leave) the English book in my classroom.
1.had given 2.had finished 3.had left 4.had been;fell 5.got;had left
Ⅱ.单项选择。
( )1.We had finished all the new lessons last month.
A.after B.by the time C.by the end of D.as soon as
( )2.He ______ in Shanghai University for four years before he ______ to Beijing.
A.studied;had gone B.had studied;went
C.has studied;went D.had studied;had gone
( )3.Xiao Pei said she_______ Hainan for 3 months.
A.has been in B.had been in
C.has been to D.had gone to
( )4.We _______ four thousand new words by the end of last year.
A.learned B.had learned C.have learned D.will learn
( )5.By five o’clock yesterday afternoon,we _______ our class.
A.have finished B.finished C.had finished D.finish
1-5 C B B B C
过综合
Passage 1
用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
On September 11,2001,I arrived at the World Trade Center at around 8:30 a.m.I was about
1. _________ (go) up when I decided to get a coffee first.As I 2._________ (wait) in line with other office workers,I heard a loud sound.A plane 3._________ (hit) my office building.We stared in disbelief at the black smoke 4._________ (rise) above the burning building.I felt 5._________(luck) to be alive.
On February 21,2011,I planned 6._________ (spend) my first holiday in New Zealand.But I 7. _________(wake) up until 10:00 a.m. I hurried to the airport.But when I arrived,my plane 8._________ (take) off.“What bad luck!” I thought to 9._________ (me).The next morning,I heard about the earthquake in New Zealand the day before.My bad luck had 10._________ (unexpected) turned into a good thing.
1. to go 2.was waiting 3. hit 4. rising 5.lucky
6.to spend 7. didn’t wake 8. had taken 9. myself 10. unexpectedly
Passage 2
根据短文内容,用方框中所给词的正确形式填空,使短文完整、正确。 （提示：每空不超过三个单词）
much, weigh, be, cancel, joke, sell, marry, discover, grow, announce
April Fool’s Day is a celebration that takes place in different countries around the world.It happens on April 1st every year and is a day when many people play all kinds of 1._________ on each other.
One April Fool’s Day,a reporter in England 2.__________ that there would be no more spaghetti because the spaghetti farmers in Italy had stopped 3.__________ spaghetti.Many people ran to their local supermarkets to buy as 4.__________ spaghetti as they could.By the time people realized that the story was a hoax,all of the spaghetti across the country 5.____________ out. In another famous trick,a TV show in England reported the 6. of special water.They said this water would help people lose 7.__________ and that one customer had already lost a lot of weight in just four months.By the end of the day,more than 10,000 people had phoned the TV station to find out how to get this water.
However,not all April Fool’s jokes end up 8.___________ very funny.A famous TV star once invited his girlfriend onto his show on April Fool’s Day.He asked her 9.__________ him.When the lady said “yes”,he replied,“April Fool!” As a result,the TV star lost his girlfriend and his show 10.__________.
1. jokes 2.announced 3. growing 4. much 5.had been sold
6.discovery 7. weight 8. being 9. to marry 10. was canceled
过去完成时
一
过去的过去
过去某时
现在
将来
（先发生）
（后发生）
过去完成时(共67张PPT)
九年级（下）
Unit 12
Life is full of the unexpected.
一、词汇拓展
1.睡过头；睡得太久v. _________________
(过去式) ____________
(过去分词) __________
工作者；工人n. _________
在……上prep.(近义词)_______
超过，多于；在……上方
prep.(近义词) _______
2.工作v./n. _______
3.在……上面prep.
在上面adv. ________
oversleep
overslept
overslept
work
worker
above
over
on
4.着火；燃烧v. _______
(过去式) ___________________
(过去分词) _________________
着火的；燃烧的adj.
(现在分词) _____________
向东；朝东adv. 东方的；东部的adj. 东；东方n.(对应词) _______
5.向西；朝西adv.
向西的；西部的adj.
西；西方n. __________
burn
burnt/burned
burnt/burned
burning
west
east
6.发现；发觉v. _________
发现；发觉n. __________
军官；官员n. __________
可相信的;可信任的adj. ___________
难以置信的；不真实的adj.(反义词) _______________
消失；不见v.(反义词) ____________
7.办公室n. _________
8.相信;认为有可能
v. ___________
9.出现v. _________
discover
discovery
office
officer
believe
believable
unbelievable
appear
disappear
二、词块归纳
1.捎……一程 _______________________
2.与……成一排 _______________________
3.赶到；露面 _______________________
4.在……以前 _______________________
5.发生；继续 _______________________
give...a lift
in line with
show up
by the time...
go on
6.至少；不少于；起码 _______________________
7.醒来 _______________________
8.洗脸 _______________________
9.从……跳下 ____________________
10.变成 _______________________
at least
wake up
wash one's face
jump out of...
turn into
11.冲出；奔出 _______________________
12.充满；装满 _______________________
13.(飞机等)起飞 _______________________
14.(闹铃、警铃等)突然响起 _______________________
15.在(某时间点)以前 _______________________
rush out
be full of
take off
go off
by the end of
16.穿上衣服 _______________________
17.熬夜 _______________________
18.愚人节 _______________________
19.化装舞会 _______________________
20.卖光 _______________________
get dressed
stay up
April Fool's Day
costume party
sell out
21.发生 _______________________
22.减肥 _______________________
23.结婚 _______________________
24.着陆 _______________________
25.多于；超过 _______________________
take place
lose weight
get married
land on
more than
26.用完；耗尽 _______________________
27.数以百计的；成百上千的 _______________________
run out of
hundreds of
三、核心句型
1.幸运的是，卡尔的爸爸在街上看见了我并开车捎了我一程。
Luckily，Carl's dad saw me on the street and ____________________ in his car.
2.我正要上楼，这时我决定先去买杯咖啡。
I ______________ go up _______ I decided to get a coffee first.
3.当我正和其他办公室的工作人员排队等候时，我听到了一声巨响。
As I was ____________________ other office workers，I heard a loud sound.
gave me a lift
was about to
when
waiting in line with
4.我们直愣愣地盯着燃烧着的大楼上升起的黑烟，无法相信(这一切)。
We ____________________ at the black smoke ______ above the burning building.
5.它是在每年的4月1日，在这一天许多人互相做各种各样的恶作剧，开各种各样的玩笑。
It ______________ April 1st every year and is a day ______ many people _____ all kinds of tricks and jokes ___ each other.
6.许多人跑去当地的超市尽可能多地买意大利面条。
Many people ran to their local supermarkets to buy ___________ spaghetti ____________________________.
stared in disbelief
rising
happened on
when
play
on
as much
as they could/as possible
7.当人们意识到这个故事是一个骗局时，全国所有的意大利面条都已经卖光了。
_____ the time people realized that the story was a hoax，all of the spaghetti across the country had ________________.
8.许多愚人节玩笑的结局并不是那么有趣。
Many April Fool's jokes may ______________ not very funny.
9.到那天结束时，为了弄清楚怎样得到这种水，已经有一万多人给电视台打电话。
By the end of the day，_____________ 10，000 people had phoned the TV station _____________ how to get this water.
By
been sold out
end up being
more than
to find out
四、重难知识点归纳
Life is full of the unexpected.生活充满了意想不到的事。
1.“the＋形容词”的用法小结：
①“the＋形容词”表示某一类型的人。
the rich富人 the poor穷人
the blind盲人 the sick病人
the old老人 the young年轻人
②“the＋分词形容词”表示某一类型的人。
the wounded伤员 the killed被杀者
③“the＋国籍形容词”表示全体国民。
the British英国人
the American美国人
the Chinese中国人
2.unexpected为形容词，意为“出乎意料的；始料不及的”，是由expected加上否定前缀un-构成的。
What he did made me feel very unexpected.
他所做的事使我感到非常意外。
The news may be unexpected.However，it is true.
这消息可能是出乎意料的。然而它却是真的。
I overslept.我睡过了头。
oversleep是动词，意为“睡过头”，其过去式和过去分词均为overslept。
I overslept my appointment.我睡过了头，误了约会时间。
【拓展延伸】以前缀over-开头的词：
overage超龄的 overconfident过于自信的
oversize特大号的 overcooked煮得过熟的
overwork过度工作 overgrow生长过度
overeat吃得过饱 overheat过热
overuse过度使用 overdo做得过分；过火
overtime超时的；加班的
We stared in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building.我们不敢相信地盯着燃烧着的大楼上升起的黑烟。
1.stare作不及物动词，常和at连用，stare at…意为“盯着……看”。
e.g. I told my son to stop staring at the disabled.
我告诉我儿子不要盯着残疾人看。
2.above在此为介词，表示“在……上面”，与below意思相反，说明物体之间的上下位置关系，不触及表面，也不表示垂直关系。
【易混辨析】above，over与on
above 表示相对高度，不一定是在正上方，它的反义词是below。
over 表示在垂直之上，其反义词是below。
on 表示与表面接触。
The plane flew above the clouds.飞机在云层上面飞行。
There is a bridge over the river.河上有座桥。
My mother laid out the food on the table.
我妈妈把食物摆在了餐桌上。
3. burning为形容词，意为“着火的；燃烧的”，在句中作定语。
Don't throw a burning cigarette.It may start a fire.
不要乱扔烧着的香烟，它可能会引起一场火灾。
【易混辨析】burning与burned
burning 作形容词，意为“燃烧的”。
burned 作形容词，意为“烧焦的”。
The only decision is to leave the burning helicopter.
唯一的决定就是离开这架着火的直升机。
The smell of burned plastic is not good.
燃烧过的塑料味道不好闻。
I felt lucky to be alive.能活下来我感到很幸运。
alive作形容词，意为“活着；有生气的”。
【易混辨析】alive，living，live与lively
alive 活着；有生气的 作表语、宾补或后置定语。多用于指人，也可指物。
living 活着的；健在的 常用作表语或定语。既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。
live 活的；有生命力的；实况转播的 只用作前置定语。只可修饰物，不可修饰人。
lively 活泼的；生机勃勃的 可作表语、前置定语或宾补。既可指人，也可指物。
Do you think a bird can still be alive without eating for 3 days？你认为一只小鸟三天不吃东西还会活着吗？
My first teacher is still living.我的启蒙老师仍然还健在。
The cat caught a live mouse.这只猫抓到了一只活老鼠。
Jane is a very lively girl.简是一个非常活泼的女孩。
The other planes were full so I had to wait till the next day.其他的飞机已经满了，所以我不得不等到第二天。
till(＝until)意为“到；直到”，在句中作介词。till也可作连词。
【拓展延伸】
①till用于肯定句时，主句的动词只用延续性的，它所表示的动作一直延续到till或until表示的时间为止，意为“直到……为止”。
She watched TV till/until her mother came back.她看电视直到她母亲回来。
②till用于否定句时，主句的动词一般是非延续性的，它所表示的动作直到till或until所表示的时间才发生，意为“直到……(才)”。
She didn't go to bed till/until her mother came back.直到她母亲回来她才(开始)上床睡觉。
Luckily，Carl's dad saw me on the street and gave me a lift in his car.幸运的是，卡尔的爸爸在街上看到了我，用他的车捎了我一程。
give…a lift意为“捎……一程”。相当于give sb. a ride。
【拓展延伸】give＋sb.＋a＋名词
How did the writer end up missing both events
作者最后怎样错过了这两件事？
end up意为“结束；告终”，相当于finish，后面常接名词、代词或动名词，end up with表示“以……告终”，up可以省去。其反义短语为start/begin with。
【拓展延伸】
end up as…最后成为…… end up like…最后像……一样
He worked very hard and ended up as a famous scientist.
他非常努力，最终成为一位著名的科学家。
Try to keep healthy.I don't want you to end up like that.
努力保持健康。我不想你最后落得那样的结果。
By the time I arrived at the party，everyone else had already shown up.当我到达晚会时，其余的每个人都赶到了。
1.show up 意为“赶到；露面”，是不及物动词短语，不能接宾语。
2.by the time...意为“在……以前”。
【拓展延伸】
by the end of在(某时间点)以前；到……末
By the end of the school day，…到放学的时候，……
by the end of 在……以前；到……为止 常与将来时或过去完成时连用。 与表时间的词连用，不与表地点的词连用。
at the end of 在……的终点/尽头 后可接表示时间或地点的名词。
in the end 最后，终于 相当于at last/finally，后面不能接of短语。
【易混辨析】by the end of，at the end of与in the end
By the end of last term，we had learned 3，000 English words.到上学期末，我们已经学了三千个英语单词。
You will find a hospital at the end of the street.
在街的尽头你会找到一家医院。
I hope our team will win in the end.
我希望我们的队最终赢得比赛。
By the time people realized that the story was a hoax，all of the spaghetti across the country had been sold out.当人们意识到这个事件是一个恶作剧时，整个国家的意大利面条已经销售一空。
sell out意为“卖光”，为动副短语，后接代词作宾语时，代词须放在sell和out之间。
【拓展延伸】out相关短语：
【易混辨析】run out of与run out
run out of 及物动词短语，表示主动含义，主语通常是人。
run out 不及物动词短语，表示被动含义，主语通常是物，相当于be used up。
We have run out of our time.＝Our time has run out.
我们的时间已经用完了。
What happened to Dave on April Fool's Day？在愚人节那天戴维发生了什么？
happen意为“发生”，是不及物动词，常用于sth. happen(s)/happened to sb.结构中，意为“某人发生了某事”。
A traffic accident happened to her this morning.今天上午她发生了交通事故。
【拓展延伸】happen的其他结构：
①“sth.＋happen(s)/happened＋地点/时间状语”表示“某地/某时发生了什么事”，主语是“某事”，不能用于被动语态中。
The story happened in 1876.故事发生在1876年。
②sb. happen(s)/happened to do sth.表示“某人碰巧做某事”， 此时，happen表示“碰巧”，主语通常是“人”。
I happened to see a burning house on my way home.在回家的路上我碰巧看到一所正在燃烧的房子。
五、单元语法点回顾
过去完成时
一
1. 过去完成时的定义：
过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。它是一种相对于一般过去时的时态，没有一般过去时就没有过去完成时。
过去的过去
过去某时
现在
将来
（先发生）
（后发生）
过去完成时
2. 过去完成时的构成：
过去完成时是由“助动词had(无意义)＋动词的过去分词”构成的，had用于各种人称和数。
(1) 肯定句：主语＋had＋动词的过去分词＋其他.
e.g. We had reached the top of the hill before midnight.
在半夜之前我们已登上了山顶。
(2)否定句：主语＋had＋not＋动词的过去分词＋其他.
e.g. They hadn't finished the work when we got there.
我们到那儿时,他们还没有完成工作。
(3)一般疑问句：Had＋主语＋动词的过去分词＋其他？
肯定回答：Yes，主语＋had. 否定回答：No，主语＋hadn't.
e.g. —Had you finished your homework when you arrived at school
—Yes,I had./No, I hadn't.
(4) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词(组)＋一般疑问句？
e.g. What had you told her before I got there 在我到达之前，你和她说了什么？
【拓展】被动语态：主语＋had (not)＋been＋动词的过去分词＋其他.
3. 过去完成时的判断依据
(1)由时间状语来判定
一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有by，by the end of，“before＋过去的时间点”，“by the time＋一般过去时从句”等。
e.g. I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.
到昨天晚上九点钟，我已经读完这部小说了。
e.g. The bus had already left by the time/when I got there.我到达那里时，公共汽车已经离开了。
(2)由“过去的过去”来判定
过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在宾语从句或状语从句中。
①当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。
e.g. She said that she had seen the film before.她说她以前看过这部电影。
②在表示时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主句和从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。
e.g. After he had finished his homework，he went to bed.他完成作业后就上床睡觉了。
(3)根据上下文来判定
e.g. I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday.We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.
我昨天在街上碰见王涛了。自从他去了北京，我们就没见过面了。
【注意】 before或after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表示了动作的先后关系，若主句和从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主句和从句都可以用一般过去时。
e.g. After he closed the door，he left the classroom.
他关上门后就离开了教室。
4. 过去完成时的用法：
(1) 表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即发生在“过去的过去”。
e.g. When I woke up，it had stopped raining.我醒来时，雨已经停了。(“雨停”发生在“我醒来”之前)
(2) 表示某一动作或状态在过去某时已经开始，一直延续到某一过去时间，而且动作尚未结束，仍然有继续下去的可能。常和for, since构成的短语或引导的从句连用。
e.g. By the end of last year，he had worked in the factory for twenty years.到去年年底为止，他已经在这个工厂工作了20年。(已经工作了 20 年，还有继续进行下去的可能)
(3) 放在said，told，asked，thought，wondered等过去时动词的后面，表示在这些动作发生之前已经发生了的事情。
e.g. My friend told me that he had passed the exam.
我的朋友告诉我，他已通过了考试。
一、过单词
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语意思完成句子。
1.Hector gets back from work very late on ______________ (工作日).
2.The result of the match is ______________(出乎意料的). The weak team won the game.
workdays
unexpected
3.She felt very ________________ (窘迫的) when they asked her age.
4. Never put off ___________(直到) tomorrow what you can do today.
5. He is trying to _________ (愚弄) you. Don't listen to him.
embarrassed
till/until
fool
Ⅱ. 根据句意，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，其中有一词多余。
alive, above, office, cancel, believe, burn
1.The mountain climbing this weekend will be _____________ because of the exam.
2.They were so surprised to see the old man was still _______.
3. He told us many facts in order to make what he said ____________.
4. I see a plane flying ________ the clouds.
5. The _______ ordered his soldiers to stay where they were.
canceled
alive
believable
above
officer
Ⅲ.根据首字母提示填空。
1.You can't o tomorrow. We must catch the early bus.
2.When spring comes, the snow and ice d slowly.
3.Fire! Keep away from the b house. It's very dangerous.
4.You'll make a fascinating d in the experiment.
5.I don't hope to a the result of the exam.
versleep
isappear
urning
iscovery
nnounce
二、过短语
根据句意用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。(有一项多余)
be about to by accident plenty of show up feel like sell out
1.The Internet provides us with _____________ information which is used in many ways.
2. I really don't mean to know your secret. I only found it _____________.
plenty of
by accident
3. If you're afraid of taking the lift or just _____________ exercising, you can climb the stairs to go up.
4.I _______________ leave when the telephone suddenly rang.
5.We didn't meet Jane at the party. By the time we left, she hadn't ___________ yet.
feel like
was about to
shown up
三、过句子
根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。
1.我们正要出发，这时他回来了，带来了坏消息。
We _____ just _______ to _______ _______ when he returned _______ the bad news.
2.我直盯着他，十分震惊，不相信他说的一切。
I ________ ________ him ______ __________, and was shocked at what he had said.
were
about
set out
with
stared at
in disbelief
3.当你去乘公交车时，你应该与其他人排队等候而不是插队。
When you take the bus, you should _________ ____ line with other people， _________ ____ cutting in line.
4.许多人跑到他们当地的超市尽可能多地买盐。
Many people ran to their local supermarkets to buy _____ much salt ________ they could.
5.四月一日这一天是许多人互相之间搞恶作剧开玩笑的节日。
April 1st is a day _______ many people _______all kinds of _______ and jokes _____ each other.
wait in
instead of
as
as
when
play
tricks
on
四、过交际
补全对话。（有两项多余）
A: Summer holidays will begin next month. Are you going back to your hometown
B: No. 1. _______________
A: What are you going to do
B: Mom will take me to Beijing. 2._______________
A: She will be very happy to see you.
D
C
B: Yes. we haven't seen each other for several years.
A: 3._______________
B: She is an English teacher. She is teaching in Beijing now. But last year she taught in Hong Kong.
A:4._______________
B: Yes, she has. She likes traveling. So she always moves to different places to work.
A: Is she going to work in Dalian
B: Yes. 5._______________
A: That's great.
B
F
G
A. I don't go there.
B. What does your aunt do
C. We'll meet my aunt there.
D. I went back last summer holiday.
E. Is your aunt going to another place
F. She has been to many places, hasn't she
G. Next year she is going to teach in our school.
Ⅰ.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
五、过语法
1.He told me that he ______________(give) back the book to Tom.
2.Catherine _______________(finish) the letter before her mother came into her bedroom.
had given
had finished
3.The train ______________(leave) when I got to the station.
4.The little girl ___________(be) in bed for almost a month since she ________(fall) sick.
5.When I ________(get) home yesterday,I suddenly remembered that I ___________(leave) the English book in my classroom.
had left
had been
fell
got
had left
Ⅱ. 单项选择。
1.We had finished all the new lessons last month.
A.after B.by the time C.by the end of D.as soon as
2.He ______ in Shanghai University for four years before he ______ to Beijing.
A.studied;had gone B.had studied;went
C.has studied;went D.had studied;had gone
C
B
3.Xiao Pei said she _______ Hainan for 3 months.
A.has been in B.had been in
C.has been to D.had gone to
4.We_______four thousand new words by the end of last year.
A.learned B.had learned C.have learned D.will learn
5.By five o'clock yesterday afternoon,we _______ our class.
A.have finished B.finished C.had finished D.finish
B
B
C
六、过综合
Passage 1
用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
On September 11,2001,I arrived at the World Trade Center at around 8:30 a.m. I was about 1._______(go) up when I decided to get a coffee first.As I 2.____________(wait) in line with other office workers,I heard a loud sound.A plane 3.____(hit) my office building.We stared in disbelief at the black smoke 4._______(rise) above the burning building.I felt 5._______(luck) to be alive.
to go
was waiting
hit
rising
lucky
On February 21,2011,I planned 6._________ (spend) my first holiday in New Zealand.But I 7._____________(wake) up until 10:00 a.m. I hurried to the airport.But when I arrived,my plane 8.____________(take) off.“What bad luck!”I thought to 9.________(me).The next morning,I heard about the earthquake in New Zealand the day before.My bad luck had 10._______________(unexpected) turned into a good thing.
to spend
didn't wake
had taken
myself
unexpectedly
Passage 2
根据短文内容,用方框中所给词的正确形式填空,使短文完整、正确。（提示：每空不超过三个单词）
much, weigh, be, cancel, joke, sell,
marry, discover, grow, announce
April Fool's Day is a celebration that takes place in different countries around the world.It happens on April 1st every year and is a day when many people play all kinds of 1._________ on each other.
jokes
One April Fool's Day,a reporter in England 2._____________ that there would be no more spaghetti because the spaghetti farmers in Italy had stopped 3._____________ spaghetti.Many people ran to their local supermarkets to buy as 4._________ spaghetti as they could.By the time people realized that the story was a hoax,all of the spaghetti across the country 5.________________ out.
announced
growing
much
had been sold
In another famous trick,a TV show in England reported the 6.___________ of special water.They said this water would help people lose 7._________ and that one customer had already lost a lot of weight in just four months.By the end of the day,more than 10,000 people had phoned the TV station to find out how to get this water.
discovery
weight
However,not all April Fool's jokes end up 8._________ very funny.A famous TV star once invited his girlfriend onto his show on April Fool's Day.He asked her 9.__________ him.When the lady said “yes”,he replied,“April Fool!” As a result,the TV star lost his girlfriend and his show
10._______________.
being
to marry
was canceled单元知识点梳理
词汇拓展
1.睡过头；睡得太久v._______(过去式) _______(过去分词) _______
2.工作v./n. _______工作者；工人n._______
3.在……上面prep. 在上面adv. _______超过，多于；在……上方prep.(近义词)_______在……上prep.(近义词) _______
4.着火；燃烧v. _______(过去式) _______(过去分词) _______着火的；燃烧的adj.(现在分词) _______
5.向西；朝西adv. 向西的；西部的adj. 西；西方n. _______向东；朝东adv. 东方的；东部的adj. 东；东方n.(对应词) _______
6.发现；发觉v. _______发现；发觉n. _______
7.办公室n. _______军官；官员n. _______
8.相信；认为有可能v. _______可相信的；可信任的adj. _______难以置信的；不真实的adj.(反义词) _______
9.出现v. _______消失；不见v.(反义词) _______
词块归纳
1.捎……一程 _______________________
2.与……成一排 _______________________
3.赶到；露面 _______________________
4.在……以前 _______________________
5.发生；继续 _______________________
6.至少；不少于；起码 _______________________
7.醒来 _______________________
8.洗脸 _______________________
9.从……跳下____________________
10.变成 _______________________
11.冲出；奔出 _______________________
12.充满；装满 _______________________
13.(飞机等)起飞 _______________________
14.(闹铃、警铃等)突然响起 _______________________
15.在(某时间点)以前 _______________________
16.穿上衣服 _______________________
17.熬夜 _______________________
18.愚人节 _______________________
19.化装舞会 _______________________
20.卖光 _______________________
21.发生 _______________________
22.减肥 _______________________
23.结婚 _______________________
24.着陆 _______________________
25.多于；超过 _______________________
26.用完；耗尽 _______________________
27.数以百计的；成百上千的 _______________________
核心句型
1.幸运的是，卡尔的爸爸在街上看见了我并开车捎了我一程。
Luckily，Carl's dad saw me on the street and _____________ in his car.
2.我正要上楼，这时我决定先去买杯咖啡。
I _____________ go up _____ I decided to get a coffee first.
3.当我正和其他办公室的工作人员排队等候时，我听到了一声巨响。
As I was _____________ other office workers，I heard a loud sound.
4.我们直愣愣地盯着燃烧着的大楼上升起的黑烟，无法相信(这一切)。
We _____________ at the black smoke _____________ above the burning building.
5.它是在每年的4月1日，在这一天许多人互相做各种各样的恶作剧，开各种各样的玩笑。
It _____________ April 1st every year and is a day _____ many people _____ all kinds of tricks and jokes _____ each other.
6.许多人跑去当地的超市尽可能多地买意大利面条。
Many people ran to their local supermarkets to buy ___________ spaghetti _____________.
7.当人们意识到这个故事是一个骗局时，全国所有的意大利面条都已经卖光了。
_____ the time people realized that the story was a hoax，all of the spaghetti across the country had _____________.
8.许多愚人节玩笑的结局并不是那么有趣。
Many April Fool's jokes may _____________ not very funny.
9.到那天结束时，为了弄清楚怎样得到这种水，已经有一万多人给电视台打电话。
By the end of the day，_____________ 10，000 people had phoned the TV station _____________ how to get this water.
重难知识点归纳
Life is full of the unexpected.生活充满了意想不到的事。
1.“the＋形容词”的用法小结：
①“the＋形容词”表示某一类型的人。
the rich富人 the poor穷人
the blind盲人 the sick病人
the old老人 the young年轻人
②“the＋分词形容词”表示某一类型的人。
the wounded伤员 the killed被杀者
③“the＋国籍形容词”表示全体国民。
the British英国人 the American美国人
the Chinese中国人
2.unexpected为形容词，意为“出乎意料的；始料不及的”，是由expected加上否定前缀un-构成的。
What he did made me feel very unexpected.他所做的事使我感到非常意外。
The news may be unexpected.However，it is true.这消息可能是出乎意料的。然而它却是真的。
I overslept.我睡过了头。
oversleep是动词，意为“睡过头”，其过去式和过去分词均为overslept。
I overslept my appointment.我睡过了头，误了约会时间。
【拓展延伸】以前缀over-开头的词：
overage超龄的 overconfident过于自信的
oversize特大号的 overcooked煮得过熟的
overwork过度工作 overgrow生长过度
overeat吃得过饱 overheat过热
overuse过度使用 overdo做得过分；过火
overtime超时的；加班的
We stared in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building.我们不敢相信地盯着燃烧着的大楼上升起的黑烟。
1.stare作不及物动词，常和at连用，stare at…意为“盯着……看”。
I told my son to stop staring at the disabled.我告诉我儿子不要盯着残疾人看。
2.above在此为介词，表示“在……上面”，与below意思相反，说明物体之间的上下位置关系，不触及表面，也不表示垂直关系。
【易混辨析】above，over与on
above 表示相对高度，不一定是在正上方，它的反义词是below。
over 表示在垂直之上，其反义词是below。
on 表示与表面接触。
The plane flew above the clouds.飞机在云层上面飞行。
There is a bridge over the river.河上有座桥。
My mother laid out the food on the table.我妈妈把食物摆在了餐桌上。
3.burning为形容词，意为“着火的；燃烧的”，在句中作定语。
Don't throw a burning cigarette.It may start a fire.不要乱扔烧着的香烟，它可能会引起一场火灾。
【易混辨析】burning与burned
burning 作形容词，意为“燃烧的”。
burned 作形容词，意为“烧焦的”。
The only decision is to leave the burning helicopter.唯一的决定就是离开这架着火的直升机。
The smell of burned plastic is not good.燃烧过的塑料味道不好闻。
I felt lucky to be alive.能活下来我感到很幸运。
alive作形容词，意为“活着；有生气的”。
【易混辨析】alive，living，live与lively
alive 活着；有生气的 作表语、宾补或后置定语。多用于指人，也可指物。
living 活着的；健在的 常用作表语或定语。既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。
live 活的；有生命力的；实况转播的 只用作前置定语。只可修饰物，不可修饰人。
lively 活泼的；生机勃勃的 可作表语、前置定语或宾补。既可指人，也可指物。
Do you think a bird can still be alive without eating for 3 days 你认为一只小鸟三天不吃东西还会活着吗？
My first teacher is still living.我的启蒙老师仍然还健在。
The cat caught a live mouse.这只猫抓到了一只活老鼠。
Jane is a very lively girl.简是一个非常活泼的女孩。
The other planes were full so I had to wait till the next day.其他的飞机已经满了，所以我不得不等到第二天。
till(＝until)意为“到；直到”，在句中作介词。till也可作连词。
【拓展延伸】
①till用于肯定句时，主句的动词只用延续性的，它所表示的动作一直延续到till或until表示的时间为止，意为“直到……为止”。
She watched TV till/until her mother came back.她看电视直到她母亲回来。
②till用于否定句时，主句的动词一般是非延续性的，它所表示的动作直到till或until所表示的时间才发生，意为“直到……(才)”。
She didn't go to bed till/until her mother came back.直到她母亲回来她才(开始)上床睡觉。
Luckily，Carl's dad saw me on the street and gave me a lift in his car.幸运的是，卡尔的爸爸在街上看到了我，用他的车捎了我一程。
give…a lift意为“捎……一程”。相当于give sb. a ride。
【拓展延伸】give＋sb.＋a＋名词
How did the writer end up missing both events？作者最后怎样错过了这两件事？
end up意为“结束；告终”，相当于finish，后面常接名词、代词或动名词，
end up with表示“以……告终”，up可以省去。其反义短语为start/begin with。
【拓展延伸】
end up as…最后成为……
end up like…最后像……一样
He worked very hard and ended up as a famous scientist.他非常努力，最终成为一位著名的科学家。
Try to keep healthy.I don't want you to end up like that.努力保持健康。我不想你最后落得那样的结果。
By the time I arrived at the party，everyone else had already shown up.当我到达晚会时，其余的每个人都赶到了。
1.show up 意为“赶到；露面”，是不及物动词短语，不能接宾语。
2.by the time...意为“在……以前”。
【拓展延伸】
by the end of在(某时间点)以前；到……末
By the end of the school day，…到放学的时候，……
【易混辨析】by the end of，at the end of与in the end
by the end of 在……以前；到……为止 常与将来时或过去完成时连用。 与表时间的词连用，不与表地点的词连用。
at the end of 在……的终点/尽头 后可接表示时间或地点的名词。
in the end 最后，终于 相当于at last/finally，后面不能接of短语。
By the end of last term，we had learned 3，000 English words.到上学期末，我们已经学了三千个英语单词。
You will find a hospital at the end of the street.在街的尽头你会找到一家医院。
I hope our team will win in the end.我希望我们的队最终赢得比赛。
By the time people realized that the story was a hoax，all of the spaghetti across the country had been sold out.当人们意识到这个事件是一个恶作剧时，整个国家的意大利面条已经销售一空。
sell out意为“卖光”，为动副短语，后接代词作宾语时，代词须放在sell和out之间。
【拓展延伸】out相关短语：
【易混辨析】run out of与run out
run out of 及物动词短语，表示主动含义，主语通常是人。
run out 不及物动词短语，表示被动含义，主语通常是物，相当于be used up。
We have run out of our time.＝Our time has run out.我们的时间已经用完了。
What happened to Dave on April Fool's Day？在愚人节那天戴维发生了什么？
happen意为“发生”，是不及物动词，常用于sth. happen(s)/happened to sb.结构中,意为“某人发生了某事”。
A traffic accident happened to her this morning.今天上午她发生了交通事故。
【拓展延伸】happen的其他结构：
①“sth.＋happen(s)/happened＋地点/时间状语”表示“某地/某时发生了什么事”，主语是“某事”，不能用于被动语态中。
The story happened in 1876.故事发生在1876年。
②sb. happen(s)/happened to do sth.表示“某人碰巧做某事”， 此时，happen表示“碰巧”，主语通常是“人”。
I happened to see a burning house on my way home.在回家的路上我碰巧看到一所正在燃烧的房子。
单元语法点回顾
1.过去完成时的定义：
过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。它是一种相对于一般过去时的时态，没有一般过去时就没有过去完成时。
2.过去完成时的构成：
过去完成时是由“助动词had(无意义)＋动词的过去分词”构成的，had用于各种人称和数。
肯定句：主语＋had＋动词的过去分词＋其他.
e.g. We had reached the top of the hill before midnight.
在半夜之前我们已登上了山顶。
否定句：主语＋had＋not＋动词的过去分词＋其他.
e.g. They hadn’t finished the work when we got there.
我们到那儿时,他们还没有完成工作。
(3)一般疑问句：Had＋主语＋动词的过去分词＋其他？
肯定回答：Yes，主语＋had. 否定回答：No，主语＋hadn't.
e.g. —Had you finished your homework when you arrived at school
—Yes,I had./No, I hadn’t.
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词(组)＋一般疑问句？
e.g. What had you told her before I got there 在我到达之前，你和她说了什么？
【拓展】被动语态：主语＋had (not)＋been＋动词的过去分词＋其他.
3.过去完成时的判断依据
(1)由时间状语来判定
一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有by，by the end of，“before＋过去的时间点”，“by the time＋一般过去时从句”等。
e.g. I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.
到昨天晚上九点钟，我已经读完这部小说了。
e.g. The bus had already left by the time/when I got there.我到达那里时，公共汽车已经离开了。
(2)由“过去的过去”来判定
过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在宾语从句或状语从句中。
①当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。e.g. She said that she had seen the film before.她说她以前看过这部电影。
②在表示时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主句和从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。
e.g. After he had finished his homework，he went to bed.他完成作业后就上床睡觉了。
【注意】 before或after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表示了动作的先后关系，若主句和从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主句和从句都可以用一般过去时。
e.g. After he closed the door，he left the classroom.他关上门后就离开了教室。
(3)根据上下文来判定
e.g. I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday.We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.
我昨天在街上碰见王涛了。自从他去了北京，我们就没见过面了。
4.过去完成时的用法：
表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即发生在“过去的过去”。
e.g. When I woke up，it had stopped raining.我醒来时，雨已经停了。(“雨停”发生在“我醒来”之前)
表示某一动作或状态在过去某时已经开始，一直延续到某一过去时间，而且动作尚未结束，仍然有继续下去的可能。常和for, since构成的短语或引导的从句连用。
e.g. By the end of last year，he had worked in the factory for twenty years.到去年年底为止，他已经在这个工厂工作了20年。(已经工作了 20 年，还有继续进行下去的可能)
(3) 放在said，told，asked，thought，wondered等过去时动词的后面，表示在这些动作发生之前已经发生了的事情。
e.g. My friend told me that he had passed the exam.
我的朋友告诉我，他已通过了考试。
单元知识点过关
过单词
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语意思完成句子。
1.Hector gets back from work very late on ______________ (工作日).
2.The result of the match is ______________(出乎意料的). The weak team won the game.
3.She felt very (窘迫的) when they asked her age.
4.Never put off (直到) tomorrow what you can do today.
5.He is trying to (愚弄) you. Don’t listen to him.
Ⅱ. 根据句意，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，其中有一词多余。
alive, above, office, cancel, believe, burn
1.The mountain climbing this weekend will be ________ because of the exam.
2.They were so surprised to see the old man was still .
3. He told us many facts in order to make what he said .
4. I see a plane flying the clouds.
5. The ordered his soldiers to stay where they were.
Ⅲ.根据首字母提示填空。
1.You can't o tomorrow. We must catch the early bus.
2.When spring comes, the snow and ice d slowly.
3.Fire! Keep away from the b house. It's very dangerous.
4.You’ll make a fascinating d in the experiment.
5.I don’t hope to a the result of the exam.
过短语
根据句意用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。(有一项多余)
be about to by accident plenty of show up feel like sell out
1.The Internet provides us with information which is used in many ways.
2. I really don't mean to know your secret. I only found it .
3. If you're afraid of taking the lift or just exercising, you can climb the stairs to go up.
4.I leave when the telephone suddenly rang.
5.We didn't meet Jane at the party. By the time we left, she hadn’t ______________ yet.
过句子
根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。
1.我们正要出发，这时他回来了，带来了坏消息。
We ______ just _______ to _______ _______ when he returned _______ the bad news.
2.我直盯着他，十分震惊，不相信他说的一切。
I ________ ________ him ______ ________, and was shocked at what he had said.
3.当你去乘公交车时，你应该与其他人排队等候而不是插队。
When you take the bus, you should _______ _______ line with other people，_______ _______ cutting in line.
4.许多人跑到他们当地的超市尽可能多地买盐。
Many people ran to their local supermarkets to buy ________ much salt ________ they could.
5.四月一日这一天是许多人互相之间搞恶作剧开玩笑的节日。
April 1st is a day ______ many people ______ all kinds of ______ and jokes _______ each other.
过交际
补全对话。（有两项多余）
A: Summer holidays will begin next month. Are you going back to your hometown
B: No. 1.
A: What are you going to do
B: Mom will take me to Beijing. 2.
A: She will be very happy to see you.
B: Yes. we haven’t seen each other for several years.
A: 3.
B: She is an English teacher. She is teaching in Beijing now. But last year she taught in Hong Kong.
A:4.
B: Yes, she has. She likes traveling. So she always moves to different places to work.
A: Is she going to work in Dalian
B: Yes. 5.
A: That’s great.
I don't go there.
What does your aunt do
We'll meet my aunt there.
I went back last summer holiday.
Is your aunt going to another place
She has been to many places, hasn't she
G. Next year she is going to teach in our school.
过语法
I.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1.He told me that he ______________(give) back the book to Tom.
2.Catherine _______________(finish) the letter before her mother came into her bedroom.
3.The train ______________(leave) when I got to the station.
4.The little girl __________(be) in bed for almost a month since she ________(fall) sick.
5.When I ________ (get) home yesterday,I suddenly remembered that I ______(leave) the English book in my classroom.
Ⅱ.单项选择。
( )1.We had finished all the new lessons last month.
A.after B.by the time C.by the end of D.as soon as
( )2.He ______ in Shanghai University for four years before he ______ to Beijing.
A.studied;had gone B.had studied;went
C.has studied;went D.had studied;had gone
( )3.Xiao Pei said she_______ Hainan for 3 months.
A.has been in B.had been in
C.has been to D.had gone to
( )4.We _______ four thousand new words by the end of last year.
A.learned B.had learned C.have learned D.will learn
( )5.By five o’clock yesterday afternoon,we _______ our class.
A.have finished B.finished C.had finished D.finish
过综合
Passage 1
用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
On September 11,2001,I arrived at the World Trade Center at around 8:30 a.m.I was about
1. _________ (go) up when I decided to get a coffee first.As I 2._________ (wait) in line with other office workers,I heard a loud sound.A plane 3._________ (hit) my office building.We stared in disbelief at the black smoke 4._________ (rise) above the burning building.I felt 5._________(luck) to be alive.
On February 21,2011,I planned 6._________ (spend) my first holiday in New Zealand.But I 7. (wake) up until 10:00 a.m. I hurried to the airport.But when I arrived,my plane 8._________ (take) off.“What bad luck!” I thought to 9._________ (me).The next morning,I heard about the earthquake in New Zealand the day before.My bad luck had 10._________ (unexpected) turned into a good thing.
Passage 2
根据短文内容,用方框中所给词的正确形式填空,使短文完整、正确. （提示：每空不超过三个单词）
much, weigh, be, cancel, joke, sell, marry, discover, grow, announce
April Fool’s Day is a celebration that takes place in different countries around the world.It happens on April 1st every year and is a day when many people play all kinds of 1._________ on each other.
One April Fool’s Day,a reporter in England 2.__________ that there would be no more spaghetti because the spaghetti farmers in Italy had stopped 3.__________ spaghetti.Many people ran to their local supermarkets to buy as 4.__________ spaghetti as they could.By the time people realized that the story was a hoax,all of the spaghetti across the country 5.____________ out. In another famous trick,a TV show in England reported the 6. of special water.They said this water would help people lose 7.__________ and that one customer had already lost a lot of weight in just four months.By the end of the day,more than 10,000 people had phoned the TV station to find out how to get this water.
However,not all April Fool’s jokes end up 8.___________ very funny.A famous TV star once invited his girlfriend onto his show on April Fool’s Day.He asked her 9.__________ him.When the lady said “yes”,he replied,“April Fool!” As a result,the TV star lost his girlfriend and his show 10.__________.
过去完成时
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