Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected. Section A (Grammar Focus-4c) 课件(共30张PPT)

(共30张PPT)
Unit 12
Life is full of the unexpected.
cream
workday
pie
show up
bean
market
by the end of
n. 奶油；乳脂
n. 工作日
n. 果馅饼；果馅派
赶到；露面
n. 豆；豆荚
n. 市场；集市
在（某时间点）以前
Words Review
Look at the following pictures and talk about what you usually do in the morning.
I am waken up by the clock.
Then, I stay sleepy for a while.
Finally, I decide to get up !
Then, I brush my teeth, still sleepy.
Next, I have breakfast, feeling better.
I take my schoolbag and leave home.
I come to the bus station and wait for the school bus.
In the end, I arrive at school and start the whole day’s classes.
Grammar Focus
When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home.
By the time I got to school, the bell had rung.
Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first.
As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound.
一、概念
过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一
时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，也可能是
早已完成或结束，即“过去的过去”；也可以
指过去的动作延续到过去的某个时刻。
二、结构
“had +动词的过去分词”
三、用法
表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完
成的动作或存在的状态。句中常用by,
before, when, until等词引导时间状语。
它是以过去某一时间为起点，所以过去完成
时是一个相对的时态，表示的是“过去的过
去”。只有和过去某时间或某动作相比较时
才能用到它。
例: Most of the guests had left when he
arrived at the party.
当他到达晚会时，他发现大多数客人已经
离开了。
2. 过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生
的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或持续下去，
常与for, since等词连用。
例： When Jack arrived, Mary had been away
for almost an hour.
当杰克到时，玛丽已经离开快一个小时了。
【实战演练】
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. When I got there the bus _________ (go).
2. By the time I got to class, the teacher
___________ (start) teaching.
3. We _____________ (learn) over 1,000 words
by the end of last term.
4. I ___________ (clean) the room before he
arrived here.
had gone
had started
had learnt
had cleaned
by the time 的用法
by the time 意为“到……时候(为止)”，是一
个介词短语，在句中常起到连词的作用，
引导时间状语从句。
如果从句中的谓语动词是一般过去式，那么主句的谓语动词通常用过去完成时，表示“截止到从句动作发生时，主句动作已经完成，即过去的过去”。
例：By the time you came back, I had
finished this book.
你回来时我已经把这本书看完了。
（从句谓语动词came back 为一般过去
时，所以主句动作用过去完成时had
finished, 表示过去的过去。）
2. 如果从句中的谓语动词为一般现在时或现在完成时，那么主句中的谓语动词常用将来完成时，表示“截止到将来的某一时刻为止，主句动作将已完成。”
例：By the time I get home, they will have
left. 我到家时他们将已经离开。
By the time I graduate next year, I will
have lived here for five years. 到明年毕
业时，我将已经在这待了五年了。
（1） by the end of +时间点意为“到……结束时”
① +过去的时间点，主句用过去完成时；
例：By the end of last year, I had stayed in
Xi’an for seven years. 到去年结束时，我
已经在西安待了7年了。
② +将来的时间点， 主句用将来完成时；
例：By the end of next month, I will have
finished my new book. 到下个月结束时我
将要完成我的新书。
(2) by+时间点意为“到……为止；截止……时”
① +现在的时间点，主句用现在完成时；
例：By now, I have finished all my homework.
截止现在，我已经完成了所有的作业。
② +过去的时间点，主句用过去完成时；
例：By yesterday, the building had been
completed.
截止昨天，这个建筑就已经完成了。
③ +将来的时间点，主句用将来完成时。
例：By tomorrow, all the students will have
been out of the school. 到明天所有的学生
都将离校。
1. Tim went into the bathroom.
Mary got up.
____________________________________________________________________________
2. The co ee became cold.
I put cream in the co ee.
____________________________________________________________________________
4a Make sentences using by the
time or before.
By the time Mary got up, Tim had already gone into the bathroom.
Before I put cream in the coffee, the coffee had become cold.
3.The teacher collected the math homework.
I got to school.
________________________________________
________________________________________
4.I completed the work for my boss.
The workday ended.
________________________________________
________________________________________
By the time I got to school, the teacher had collected the math homework.
I had completed the work for my boss before the workday ended.
5.The movie started.
I arrived at the cinema.
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
6.My mother finished making the apple pie.
I got home from my language course.
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
______________________________________
The movie had started before I arrived at the cinema.
By the time I got home from my language course, my mother had finished making the apple pie.
By the time I arrived at the party,
everyone else_______ already _________ .
2.When he put the noodles into a bowl, he realized he _____________to add the green beans.
4b Fill in the blanks with the correct
forms of the words in the box.
rush out forget arrive at
go into show up find out
had
shown up
had forgotten
By the time my mother came back from
the market, I ____already ____________the door to go for my piano lesson.
4. Before she got to the airport, she
_____________ about the earthquake.
5. When she __________ the movie theater, she remembered she had forgotten to feed her dog.
6. Before she got a chance to say goodbye, he ____________ the building.
had rushed out
found out
arrived at
had gone into
By the time I left for school in the morning,
_______________________________________
By the end of the school day,
______________________________________
3. By dinner time, I _____________________________________
4c Write two true statements and
one false statement about your
day yesterday. Then ask your
classmates to guess the false
statement.
I.根据汉语提示写出下面句中所缺的单词。
1. I got up early this morning because I didn’t
want to _______ (错过) the early bus.
2. The drop in prices was quiet ___________
(出乎意料的).
3. The ______ (工人) fell down and got hurt.
4. The plane was flying _____ (在上面) the
clouds.
5. The river goes through the city from ______
(西) to east.
miss
unexpected
worker
above
west
II. 写出下面短语的意思。
1. show up ____________
2. be full of… ____________
3. arrive at ____________
4. be about to ____________
5. take off ____________
6. turn into ____________
7. find out ____________
出现；露面
充满…
到达
将要做某事
(飞机) 起飞
变成
发现；找出
market burn above
miss unexpected pie
1. I got up late and ______ the early bus this
morning.
2. The mountain is 1,000 meters ______ the sea
level.
Ⅲ. 用方框中词的适当形式完成下面的句子。
missed
above
3. My daughter went with me to the ______
and bought clothes.
4. His wife made some apple _____ for supper.
5. He became worried when he heard of the
__________ news.
market burn above
miss unexpected pie
market
pies
unexpected
Ⅳ. 按要求完成下面的句子。
1. She has gone to Shanghai. (用by the time改
写句子)

2. By the time I arrived, Tom had finished
the work. (对画线部分提问)
She had gone to Shanghai by the time I
arrived there.
What had Tom done by the time you arrived

3. Jenny had already cleaned the room when I called her. (改为否定句)
Jenny hadn’t cleaned the room when I
called her.
4. He had left before she could say a word.
(改为一般疑问句)
Had he left before she could say a word
Master the grammar you have learned in this lesson. Learn to narrate past things.
Homework