Unit 2 Poems Learning about Language
虚拟语气(Ⅱ)
观察上面对话, 并类比填空。
1. If only I had passed (pass)the test!
2. If only it stopped(stop) raining!
虚拟语气除了虚拟条件句和宾语从句中的虚拟语气以外, 还有一些比较特殊的情况:
一、虚拟条件句的特殊用法
1. 错综时间条件句
有时条件句的动作与主句动作发生的时间不一致, 这时动词的形式应根据它们各自表示的时间加以调整。
*If you had taken my advice then, you wouldn’t be in trouble now. 如果当时听我的劝告, 你现在就不会有麻烦了。(从句表示过去, 主句表示现在)
*If I were you, I would have taken his advice yesterday. 如果我是你, 昨天我就会采纳他的意见。(从句表示现在, 主句表示过去)
2. 含蓄条件句
(1)有时假设的情况不用条件句表达, 而是用but for, without等介词(短语)或上下文来表示。
*Without electricity, the world would be dark.
如果没有电, 世界将一片黑暗。
(2)用连词otherwise, or等暗示后文与前面的情况相反, 从而引出后文的虚拟语气。
*I ran all the way to the cinema, otherwise I would have missed the beginning of The Monkey King.
我一路跑到电影院, 不然我会错过了电影《大闹天宫》的开头。
(3)虚拟条件通过but暗示出来, 模式为“虚拟情况+but+真实情况”。
*I would have come sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.
我不知道他们一直在等我, 要不然我肯定会迅速点儿来。
语法填空。
(1)His ship was delayed because of the heavy fog yesterday; otherwise I would have picked (pick) him up on time.
(2)If she had studied hard, she would be(be) a college student now.
(3)But for the rain, we would have finished (finish) the work already.
(4)I would have gone(go) to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not available.
二、某些名词性从句中的虚拟语气
1. 主语从句中的虚拟语气
(1)在 “It is+important/necessary/natural/strange/essential/a pity+that. . . ”句型中, 谓语动词用(should+)动词原形。
*It is strange that the poor old man should have been invited to his wedding.
那位贫穷老人竟然被邀请参加他的婚礼, 真是奇怪。
*It is a pity that Lucy (should) be so careless.
真遗憾露西竟这样粗心。
这种从句表示的是事实。如果说话人对这种事实表现出惊奇等情感, 就可用虚拟语气。反之, 如果不表示惊奇等情感, that 从句也可用陈述语气。
*It is a pity that you can’t go with us.
很遗憾你不能和我们一起去。
(2)“It is desired (suggested, ordered, requested, proposed, required等)+that 从句”句型中, 从句谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”, 其中should 可省略。
*It is desired that we (should) get everything ready by tonight. 希望一切在今晚准备好。
2. 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气
表示“建议、要求、命令”等的名词如a suggestion, proposal, order, demand, advice, request等后跟表语从句和同位语从句时, 从句中的谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”。
*He gave the advice that we (should) do the work carefully.
他建议我们认真做这项工作。
*My suggestion is that we (should) send a few people to help the other groups. 我的建议是我们派几个人去帮助别的小组。
(1)语法填空。
①The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students (should) be given (give) two weeks to prepare for the exam.
②My requirement is that the phone(should) be repaired (repair) as soon as possible.
③It is suggested that you should go(go) on a balanced diet at the same time.
(2)同义句转换。
It is important to know what to do when you are in dangerous situations such as a fire.
→It is important that you (should) know what to do when you are in dangerous situations such as a fire.
三、虚拟语气在其他句型中的用法
1. as if/as though从句以及if only 后的句子常用虚拟语气
as if/as though/ if only 时间 谓语动词的虚拟形式
与过去相反 had+过去分词
与现在相反 一般过去时(be动词用were)
与将来相反 would/could/might+动词原形
*He talked about the accident as if he had seen it.
他谈起这次事故来好像他看到了一样。(与过去事实相反)
*If only I had enough money to buy an iPhone 11. 如果我有足够的钱买一部iPhone 11, 那该多好。(与现在事实相反)
如果as if/as though 后的从句有明显的迹象表示可能发生时, 不用虚拟语气。
*It is so cloudy. It looks as if it is going to rain.
天这么阴, 似乎要下雨了。
2. It’s (high/about) time后的从句用虚拟语气
从句谓语动词常用过去时, 也可用should+动词原形, 但should一般不省略。
*It is high time that we spared/should spare no effort to protect traditional Chinese cultures.
到了我们该不遗余力地保护中国传统文化的时候了。
* It’s about time that we should fight/fought for our dreams.
我们该为我们的梦想而奋斗了。
(1)语法填空。
①The upset mother thought to herself, “If only I knew (know) what’s going on in my little boy’s head right now. ”
②Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that he did (do) something instead of just talking.
③Don’t handle the vase as if it were made(make) of steel.
(2)句型转换。
It is time for you to make up your mind to do the experiment.
→It is time that you made/you should make up your mind to do the experiment.
Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. He agreed to our suggestion that we (should) put (put) on a play at the English evening.
2. But for the help from the doctor, the little boy would have lost (lose) his life.
3. It looks as if he hadn’t had (not have) a meal for a week.
4. If only I had met (meet) the movie star! But I was then in the school doing papers.
5. —Excuse me, visiting hours are over. It’s time for you to leave.
—I’m sorry. I didn’t know the time or I would have left (leave) earlier.
6. It’s high time that we students worked (work) even harder at our lessons as the national entrance examination is coming nearer.
7. It is necessary that he (should)come (come) in time to attend the meeting.
8. Had you taken the doctor’s advice yesterday, you would be (be)all right now.
Ⅱ. 单句改错
1. It is essential that he will come to our meeting tomorrow. (will→should)
2. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it is broken. (第二个is→were)
3. Now, children, it’s time that you will be washed and dressed. (will→should)
4. If only you have listened to my advice. (have→had)
5. I would rather you do it yourself instead of asking others for help. (do→did)
6. Maybe if I studied science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. (studied→had studied)
根据提示, 利用本单元所学语法知识完成下面的小作文。
1. 昨天下午, 我和我的一个朋友去了书店。
2. 我们出去后, 他给我看了一本关于诗歌的书, 那是他从书店偷来的。
3. 考虑到他错了, 我建议他回书店把它还回去。(suggest)
4. 他不听我的, 否则我就不会向他妈妈报告了。(含蓄条件句)
5. 现在我真的很后悔。我宁愿我没有让他母亲知道这件事。(would rather)
6. 毕竟, 他是我的朋友, 没有他的帮助, 我不会在学习上取得这么快的进步。(含蓄条件句)
Yesterday afternoon, I went to a bookstore with one of my friends. After we went out, he showed me a book about poetry, which he had stolen from the bookstore. Considering he was wrong, I suggested he (should) go back to return it. But he didn’t listen to me, otherwise I wouldn’t have reported it to his mother.
Now I’m really regretful. I would rather I hadn’t let his mother know it. After all, he is my friend. Without his help, I wouldn’t have made such rapid progress in my study.
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5Unit 2 Poems Using Language
Ⅰ. 用本单元恰当的单词补全语境
1. live together forever 永远生活在一起
2. in complete darkness 在完全黑暗中
3. section chief 部门主管
4. appropriate time 适当时间
5. exchange addresses 交换地址
6. high school diploma 高中文凭
7. the world chess championship 世界国际象棋锦标赛
8. human warmth 人间温情
9. an official sponsor 一家官方赞助商
Ⅱ. 根据语境用恰当的词补全句子
1. We have tried out this method many times, but to our disappointment, it doesn’t work.
2. Left alone in the large house, the little boy had to learn to survive by himself.
3. They began to load luggage into/onto the carriage.
4. Someone has let out this secret decision to the workers.
5. Hold on! I go to see if he’s in.
6. Scientists believe there might be such chemicals lying at the bottom of that ocean.
7. They make use of the time when they are on the way to school or other places to play mobile games.
8. I learned quite by chance that you were in need of a book to help you improve your Chinese.
9. The children carefully printed their names in capitals at the bottom of their pictures.
10. Some students are likely to compare the brands of their mobile phones with their classmates’.
Ⅲ. 根据课文及汉语提示补全句子
1. The forms I liked best convey their meaning by using(通过使用) the bare minimum of words.
2. In fact, my family love reading so much that(如此喜欢读书以至于) we keep buying books.
3. Do you think the speaker in the poem is more likely to be (极有可能是) a girlfriend/boyfriend or a parent
4. Although the future may be difficult for you, whenever you need warmth and love(无论你什么时候需要温暖与爱), remember I’ll have some to give you.
【词汇串记】
根据给出的构词规则完成下面空格。
1. 名词+后缀-ist构成名词, 表示“……的实践者; ……专业人员; ……主义者”
piano→pianist n. 钢琴家; 钢琴演奏者
violin→violinist n. 小提琴演奏者
science→scientist n. 科学家
cycle→cyclist n. 自行车手
2. 动词+out 构成动词短语
hold out 伸出
put out 熄灭
break out 爆发
let out 喊出, 发出
carry out 贯彻
框架宏观建构: 整体理解
文本微观剖析: 细节探究
1. 根据文章细节信息完成下列问题。
(1)What’s the poem mainly about
A. The endless love for the young generation.
B. The sense of humour.
C. How to find your own love.
D. The value of youth.
(2)What do the first four lines mean
A. I can help you in summer.
B. If it’s cold in winter, I can give you warmth.
C. If you can hold on winter, you can leave.
D. On winter mornings there’s a lot of new snow.
(3)What does Paragraph Two (from the fifth line to the eighth line) mean
A. I can give you sunlight if you need.
B. I can offer you a place without darkness.
C. I can communicate with you and encourage you.
D. A place of sunlight is waiting for you.
(4)In the poem, “summer” in I’ve saved the summer means .
A. a part of the speaker’s life B. the speaker’s great hope
C. the speaker’s strong love D. one of the four seasons
答案: (1)～(4)ABCC
2. 运用语句知识解构课文中的长难句。
(1)
译文: 哼唱你最喜欢的歌曲是练习英语的有趣方式。
(2)
译文: 我把夏天省下, 全部交给了你, 当雪花儿初降时, 让冬天的早上停住。
(3)
译文: 我把阳光省下, 以供你不时之需, 在那远离黑暗的地方, 你的心灵会得到滋养。
阅读思维升华: 主题实践
结合课文主题, 回答下列问题。
1. Who is the speaker in the poem and who is he/she speaking to Explain your reason(s).
The speaker in the poem is a parent, who is speaking to his/her kid the great and selfless love of a parent. We can conclude from the poem that he/she can do everything for his/her child.
2. What can parents do for their children selflessly according to the poem
Parents can offer their children warmth, light, food, especially love and anything that their children need.
根据提示, 运用本单元词汇与句型写一篇短文。
1. 这首诗的作者是谁 写给谁
2. 这首诗的含义: 这首诗的四条主要信息。
The speaker in the poem is a parent, who is speaking to his/her kid the great and selfless love of a parent. In the poem, he/she sends him/her the warmth of the summer. Secondly, he/she leads him/her to sunlight. Thirdly, he/she teaches him/her to be independent. Finally, he/she would give him/her all his/her love to help him/her find his/her own.
1. appropriate adj. 适当的; 正当的
*The executive order also authorizes U. S. Secretary of Energy Dan Brouillette to take appropriate action to cease such pending and future transactions.
该行政命令还授权美国能源部长Dan Brouillette采取适当行动, 停止此类悬而未决和未来的交易。
*It is entirely appropriate that his music (should) be played at the festival. 他的音乐在这个节日里演奏是完全合适的。
*It is appropriate for us students who are busy with study to do more exercise.
对于我们这些忙于学业的学生来说多做锻炼是恰当的。
【语块积累】
(1)be appropriate to/for 适合; 合乎
It is appropriate某人做……是恰当的
(2)appropriately adv. 适当地
(3)inappropriate adj. 不适当的, 不相称的
【知识延伸】与appropriate近义的词还有:
①proper 适合的; 正确的
②fit 适合的; 合身的
③suitable 合适的
(1)语法填空。
①Dress appropriately(appropriate) and ask intelligent questions.
②They’ve received online advertising that is inappropriate for their age.
(2)句型转换。
It is not appropriate for you to ask such personal questions in an interview.
→It is not appropriate that you (should) ask such personal questions in an interview.
2. exchange n. 交换; 交流; 互换vt. & vi. 调换; 交换
*The two sides have begun to “exchange information” but nothing concrete has been decided on development or investment.
双方已经开始交换信息, 但是还没有形成关于发展和投资的实质性的东西。
*But in exchange, you have to tell me where the cell phone is. 但是作为交换, 你必须告诉我那个手机在哪里。
*(2019·天津高考)I’ve never exchanged words with those moms beyond small talk, but they wanted to help. 除了闲聊外我和那些妈妈们从来没有交流过, 但是她们乐于助人。
【语块积累】
(1)in exchange (for. . . ) 作为交换……
(2)exchange sth. for sth. 以某物交换某物
exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交换某物
【巧学助记】双向的exchange
Silk road helps the development of Sino-western politics and economics as well as the exchange of culture and art. 丝绸之路不仅促进了中西方政治、经济的发展, 也促进了文化艺术的交流。
(1)语法填空。
①I’ve offered to paint the kitchen in exchange for a week’s accommodation.
②We students should often exchange ideas with our parents, who are rich in experience, and above all, love us most in the world.
③If the course fails to satisfy you, you can exchange it for any other that we offer.
(2)The Internet enables us to exchange ideas with many others to check our claims, and to judge our actions. 互联网使我们能够与许多其他人交换意见, 以检查我们的主张, 并判断我们的行动。
3. try out 测试; 试验; 试用
*Try out the new medicine for a year and we’ll see how well it works. 这种新药试用一年, 我们就会知道它的药效有多大。
*These teams are going to try out for the Olympic Games.
这些队伍要参加奥林匹克运动会的选拔赛。
*Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didn’t fit.
她焦急地从包裹里拿出裙子试穿, 结果发现它不合身。
【语块积累】
try out for sth. 参加……的选拔(或试演)
try sth. on 试穿(衣物)
try for sth. 试图获得; 力争赢得
(1)语法填空。
①I’d like to try on that blue wool coat.
②It began when a teacher suggested I try out for the basketball team.
③The government is trying out a new way to solve the air pollution.
(2) Personally, I used to try several effective methods out to achieve my academic goals. 就我个人而言, 我过去试用了几种有效的方法来达到我的学业目标。
4. let out发出; 放走; 泄露; (把衬衣、外套等)放大
*As the teacher announced the plan, we were so excited as to let out cheers. 当老师宣布计划的时候, 我们兴奋地欢呼起来。
*I’ve told you before—let my things alone!
我以前告诉过你, 别碰我的东西!
*To have a positive attitude is wise when we are let down.
当遭遇挫折时, 保持积极的态度是很明智的。
【语块积累】
let alone 更不用说
let. . . alone/be 不要管, 不打扰, 不惊动
let in 进来, 放进
let go 放手
let down 把……放下来; 使……失望
写出下列句中let out的含义。
(1)Hearing the good news, the boy let out a cry of joy. (发出)
(2)When the bird gets well, we will let it out. (放走)
(3)They let out oxygen which is needed by nearly every organism (生物体) on the planet. (释放)
(4)She promised that she would not let out the plan to the press. (泄露)
5. load n. 负担; 负荷物(尤指沉重的)
vt. & vi. 装载; 加重; (把大量……)装入
*Carrying more than a light load on your bicycle makes it more difficult to control.
用自行车载上重物会使车子难以控制。
*It takes a load off my mind to leave the child in your charge.
把孩子托付给你我就放心了。
*Loaded with heavy goods, the truck ran very slowly.
(由于)装了重的货物, 卡车跑得非常慢。
【语块积累】
loads of =a load of 很多; 大量
take a load off one’s mind 打消某人的顾虑
load sth. into/onto. . . 把某物装入(到)……
load sth. with. . . 用……装载某物
load up 装载货物
【巧学助记】全面透视load
用load的短语完成下面的小语段。
Obviously, supporting a family of five is (1)a heavy load for a single woman. So she has to do (2)loads of things every day. Her main job is to (3)load trucks with empty bottles every morning. Luckily her two daughters have gone to work on their own, which has (4)taken a load off her mind.
很显然, 对于一个单身女人来说, 养活一个五口之家是一个沉重的负担, 因此她每天必须做很多事情。她的主要工作是每天早晨把空瓶子装到卡车上。幸运的是, 她的两个女儿已独立工作了, 这让她如释重负。
6. Do you think the speaker in the poem is more likely to be a girlfriend/boyfriend or a parent 你认为诗中的发言者更有可能是一个女朋友、男朋友, 还是一位父亲或母亲
【句式解构】
Sb. /Sth. be likely to do sth. =It’s likely that. . . “做某事是可能的”。
*(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging. 更有可能的是, 我们没有人会发起会话, 因为这很尴尬且很有挑战性。
*It is said that the test will enhance the examinee’s consciousness of health, but on the contrary it will also be more likely to result in over-anxiety. 据说检测将增强被检测者的健康意识, 但相反也将更有可能导致过度焦虑。
【语块积累】
sb. /sth. is likely to do. . . 某人(物)可能做……
It is possible for sb. to do. . . 某人可能做……
It is probable/likely/possible that. . . 可能……
(1)possible和probable作表语时, 其主语通常是形式主语it, 而likely的主语既可以是人或物, 也可以是形式主语it。
(2)probable常用在It is probable that. . . 句式中。
对比填空(likely/possible/probable)。
(1)It’s likely/probable/possible that we’ll be in Spain this time next year.
(2)It’s possible for us to be in Spain this time next year.
(3)We are likely to be in Spain this time next year.
7. Although the future may be difficult for you, whenever you need warmth and love, remember I’ll have some to give you. 尽管未来对你来说也许是艰难的, 但无论你什么时候需要温暖与爱, 记住我都会给你。
【句式解构】
句中whenever引导让步状语从句, 表示“无论何时; 不管什么时候”, 可换为no matter when。
*Whenever/No matter when I’m unhappy, it is my friends who cheer me up.
不管什么时候我不高兴了, 总是我的朋友们让我振作起来。
*Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish.
只有我们言行一致才能对我们希望完成的任何事情起作用。
*Whichever/No matter which road you take, it will lead you to the station. 无论你走哪一条路都会到车站。
(2)whatever, whichever, who(m)ever既可以引导让步状语从句, 又可以引导名词性从句。
(3)no matter what, no matter which, no matter who(m)只引导让步状语从句。
(1)用when/what/which/who+-ever完成句子。
①(2020·江苏高考)This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for whatever.
②Whenever we found an unknown plant, we had to describe it in our notebooks.
③Whichever day you come, we will be pleased to see you.
④(2021·浙江高考)So, whoever you are, thank you for the random act of kindness that not only helped my mother out, but made her day too.
(2)The moral of the story is: spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be. 这个故事的寓意: 不遗余力地获取知识, 不管情况多么困难都不要轻易气馁。
【要点拾遗】
1. darkness n. 黑暗; 漆黑
*You need a place away from darkness where your mind can feed.
你需要一个远离黑暗的地方, 在那里你的心灵会得到滋养。
*Can you imagine the world full of crying and shouting, covered in darkness
你能想象这个世界充满哭喊声, 被笼罩在黑暗中吗
【语块积累】
(1)in (the) darkness 在黑暗中
(2)dark n. 黑暗, 暗处
adj. 黑暗的, 深色的
in the dark 全然不知
in (the) darkness指“在黑暗中; 一团漆黑”, 而in the dark除了指“在黑暗中”, 还可表示“全然不知, 蒙在鼓里”之意。
(1)语法填空。
(2018·江苏高考)When Berlin restaurant customers ate in darkness (dark), they couldn’t tell how much they’d had.
(2)(2020· 天津高考)It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied.
译文: 它鼓励我们占据自己的小角落, 避免愚蠢地跳进黑暗, 获得满足。
(3)I could not see my fingers in the darkness.
译文: 在黑暗中我看不见自己的手指。
2. hold on坚持; 等一等; 停住; 别挂电话; 抓紧不放
* Only those who take the courage to go forward and hold on straight to the end can make it.
只有那些鼓足勇气继续前行、坚持到底的才能成功。
* On my personal note, it is a good tradition that we need to hold on to.
在我个人看来, 这是我们需要坚持的优良传统。
【语块积累】
hold back 阻止; 隐瞒
hold down 使保持低水平; 保住; 限制
hold off 推迟; 拖延; 战胜
hold on to sth. 保留某物; 抓住某物
hold out 伸出; 坚持
hold up 举起, 延迟, 阻碍
【易混辨析】观察下面例句, 体会hold on与hold on to的区别。
(1)They didn’t know if they would be able to hold on until help arrived. 他们不知道自己能否坚持到救援的到来。
(2)No matter what happens tomorrow, hold on to today and you won’t regret.
无论明天发生什么, 抓住今天, 你就不会后悔。
结论: hold on 为不及物动词短语, 而hold on to为及物动词短语。
用适当的介词或副词填空。
(1) Some people prefer to read electronic books while others hold on to the traditional way of reading.
(2)“Wow! Amazing! ” I shouted and could hardly hold back my excitement.
(3)Hold on a minute while I get my breath back.
(4)Continuing violence could hold up progress towards reform.
Ⅰ. 语用功能表达
1. I’m going to start next week. 我打算下周出发。
2. I intend (mean, plan) to start next week. 我打算下周出发。
3. I will do it myself. 我要亲自做。
4. I feel like going out for a walk. 我想出去散散步。
5. I’d like to go out for a walk. 我想出去散散步。
6. I (don’t) want (hope) to go with you. 我(不)愿意和你一起去。
7. I’m ready to go with you. 我愿意同你一起去。
8. I would rather not tell you. 我真不愿意告诉你。
9. I want(hope, wish) to go with you. 我想和你一起去。
10. I wish that you would go with me. 我希望你和我一起去。
11. I would do it if I should have the chance.
我若有机会, 一定不放过。
12. If only I could see him. 要是我能见到他就好了。
Ⅱ. 话题情景交流
A: Hello, Professor Smith. The summer vacation is coming. 1. What’s your plan for the vacation(你假期有什么计划)
B: I am going to Miami Beach, Florida for two weeks.
A: How will you get there
B: 2. I will fly to Miami from New York(我将从纽约飞往迈阿密).
A: Does it cost a lot
B: No. The cost is lower out of season. It is my first time to travel by air. In fact, I am a little nervous.
A: Don’t worry. 3. Are your family going with you(你的家人和你一起去吗)
B: Yes. 4. We plan to go swimming in the ocean(我们计划去海里游泳), enjoy the sunshine on the beach and go waterskiing.
A: Your children must be excited about it.
B: Yeah, they are crossing off the days on the calendar. Are you going to Europe again this summer
A: No, not this time. 5. I am going to visit some old friends in Egypt(我要去拜访一些在埃及的老朋友).
B: Egypt It is really a place full of mystery. Have a good trip.
A: Thank you. The same to you.
Ⅰ. 语段填词
1. The charitable organization sponsored(发起) an activity to raise money for the refugees, in which a famous pianist(钢琴家) and a violinist(小提琴家) were invited to a wonderful performance. This activity has brought great warmth(温暖) to those refugees.
2. Although his poor family was a heavy load(负担) for him, he trained hard for the championship(冠军) and finally made it. Besides, he has been offered a scholarship(奖学金) by a local college recently. What is more important is that he will be a bridegroom(新郎) next week.
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. Whenever you are invited(invite) to do something, response is expected, whether you can go or not.
2. (2020· 天津高考) The library is now a multimedia zone, loaded (load) with information in many formats(载体形式).
3. Let your child know that you expect him or her to act appropriately (appropriate) towards other people.
4. Throwing their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.
5. He held on to a branch until we came to his rescue.
6. Sponsored (sponsor) by the bank, he finished school at last.
7. (2019·天津高考)For the first time, I could see softness and warmth (warm) in his eyes.
8. I’d like to exchange some pounds for dollars.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. Whatever we do and whenever we conduct it, honesty as well as responsibility should be our ultimate pursuit.
无论我们做什么, 无论我们什么时候做这件事, 诚实和责任应该成为我们的终极追求。
2. As far as I’m concerned, it is likely that you are not well prepared for the contest.
在我看来, 你很可能没有很好地为这次比赛做准备。
3. Hold on to your dream, and you will realize it one day.
坚持你的梦想, 终有一天你会实现它。
4. It is appropriate for you to make an apology to your teacher for your being late. 对于你的迟到你应该向老师道歉, 这是恰当的。
5. I worked in the restaurant during the summer holidays in exchange for free accommodation.
暑假期间我在餐馆工作以换取免费住宿。
6. I am glad to hear that you will try out for the Chinese Poetry Recitation Competition.
很高兴听说你将参加中国诗词背诵大赛的选拔。
7. The boy let out a cry while walking in the woods.
小男孩在树林中走着的时候发出一声呼喊。
8. It seemed that there was a figure in the darkness.
黑暗中似乎有个人影。
Ⅳ. 课文短文改错
The following is a poem writing by Rod McKuen. I’ve saved the summer and I gave it all to you to hold on winter mornings when the snow is new. I’ve saved some sunlights if you should ever need a place away from darkness where your mind can feed there. And for yourself I’ve kept your smile when you were but nineteen. Till you are older you will not know what bravely young smiles can mean. I know no answers to help you at your way. The answers lie somewhere at bottom of the day. But if you have a need for love, I will give you all which I own. It might help you down the road after you have found your own.
答案: 1. 第一句的writing→written。 2. 第二句的gave→give。
3. 第三句的sunlights→sunlight。 4. 第三句的there去掉。
5. 第四句的yourself→myself。 6. 第五句的bravely→brave。
7. 第六句的at→on。 8. 第七句的at后加the。 9. 第八句的which→that。 10. 第九句的after→till/until。
改写诗歌
诗歌改写是用不同形式表达同一内容, 使之成为与原文意思相同而表现方式、文体不同的作品。注意事项:
1. 改写必须忠实于原作的中心思想。
2. 改写要注意创作性。用通俗易懂的语言进行创作, 加入自己的语言, 使文章符合主题, 流畅易懂。
3. 改写时可以插入适当的想象, 使人物形象有血有肉, 栩栩如生, 使故事情节更加完整生动。
请将下面的英文短诗, 以“Reading Is Valuable”为题改写成一篇短文。
I love reading books,
which are my best friends.
They are an important bridge to a new world,
always helping me avoid getting puzzled.
They remove all troubles just like a sharp knife,
and bring happiness to me in daily life.
As for me a book is the angel’s sweetest kiss.
注意: 1. 词数100个左右; 2. 展开合理想象, 突出主题, 但不得照抄短诗原文。
完成句子
1. 互联网变得越来越受欢迎。The Internet is becoming more and more popular.
2. 书籍对人们来说仍然是非常重要的。Books are still very important to people.
3. 读书能提升我学习的兴趣。Reading can increase my interest in study.
4. 读书已令我受益很多。I have benefited a lot from reading.
5. 读书让我成为更优秀的人。Reading makes me a better person.
句式升级。
6. 将1、2句改写为含有让步状语从句的复合句。
Although the Internet is becoming more and more popular, books are still very important to people.
7. 将4、5句改写为含有定语从句的复合句。
I have benefited a lot from reading, which makes me a better person.
Reading Is Valuable
Although the Internet is becoming more and more popular, books are still very important and valuable to people. That’s why I love reading books very much.
Reading is valuable in many ways. Firstly, by means of reading, I can get to know the writers’ thoughts and feelings that the writers convey in books in many flexible ways. Secondly, I can learn about the writing styles of many foreign writers by reading some translations and even get to know the appropriate words and actions in different situations by reading. Besides, reading can help me solve many difficult problems and get me out of trouble. Whenever I feel depressed, reading will help me transform negative moods into joy and courage.
All in all, I have benefited a lot from reading, which makes me a better person. I think books are the best gifts that God has given me.
1. 话题词汇
①reading activity 阅读活动
②improve one’s taste 提高鉴赏力
③exchange opinion on. . . 交流……的观点
④book review 书评
⑤be of great value 有价值
⑥be keen on 热衷于
⑦atmosphere of reading 阅读的氛围
2. 话题句式
①Work hard, and you will succeed one day.
努力工作, 终有一天你会成功。
②By reading these books they can broaden their horizons and nourish their wisdom.
通过读这些书, 他们可以拓宽视野并滋养智慧。
③Reading and reciting Chinese poetry can help us to learn more Chinese culture.
阅读和背诵中国诗歌能帮助我们学习更多的中国文化。
④In my opinion, reading is of great benefit to us.
在我看来, 阅读对我们非常有益。
⑤So important is reading that we should attach great significance to it.
读书是如此重要, 我们应该非常重视它。
PAGE
18Unit 2 Poems Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ. 用本单元恰当的单词补全语境
1. tick this box 给这个箱子标记号
2. convey my gratitude 传达我的谢意
3. a flexible life style 灵活的生活方式
4. the pattern of consumption 消费模式
5. tease sb. about his weight 取笑某人关于他的体重
6. the branch of medicine 医学分支
7. at the minimum 至少
8. various concrete measures 各种具体措施
9. a diamond ring 钻戒
10. salty foods 咸味食品
Ⅱ. 根据语境写出黑体部分的汉语意思
1. It was a good concert—I enjoyed the last song in particular. (尤其, 特别)
2. The entire universe is made up of different kinds of matter. (由……构成)
3. —Oh, doctor, I have a pain in my leg.
—Take it easy. Let me have a look. (轻松; 不紧张; 从容)
4. His mother later recalled: “He used to stay up until two o’clock in the morning playing these war games. ” (熬夜)
5. It doesn’t make sense to discuss about it over and over again. (有意义)
6. —I’m still working on my project.
—Oh, you’ll miss the deadline. Time is running out. (用完, 耗尽)
Ⅲ. 翻译下列课文原句, 并观察黑体部分
1. There are various reasons why people write poetry.
人们写诗有各种各样的原因。
2. Some rhyme (like B) while others do not (like C).
有些(清单诗)押韵(如B), 而有些不押韵(如C)。
3. It is easy to write and, like the cinquain, can give a clear picture and create a special feeling using the minimum of words.
它容易写, 而且像五行诗一样, 它可以用最少的词语呈现出一幅清晰的画面, 表达出一种特殊的情感。
4. With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, students may eventually want to write poems of their own.
有了这么多可供选择的不同的诗歌类型, 学生们最终也许想自己作诗了。
根据给出的构词规则完成下面空格。
1. -y常用于名词之后构成形容词。
salt→salty咸的; 含盐的
wind→windy有风的
dust→dusty布满灰尘的
rain→rainy下雨的; 多雨的
2. in+n. 构成介词短语, 在句中作状语。
in particular 尤其, 特别
in peace 和平地
in silence 沉默地
框架宏观建构: 整体理解
文本微观剖析: 细节探究
1. 根据文章细节信息完成下列问题。
(1)Which of the following can we find in poem A
A. Anger. B. Sorrow. C. Joy. D. Depression.
(2)Which of the following is NOT true about nursery rhymes
A. Their language is full of imagination.
B. They are easy to learn and recite.
C. They have strong rhythm.
D. They are often very meaningful.
(3)According to the text, the cinquain .
A. is made up of 17 syllables
B. is the simplest poetry form
C. has many repeated phrases in lines
D. can express a strong picture in a few words
(4)What can we learn about Haiku from the text
A. It is a form of English poetry.
B. It is made up of five lines.
C. It can give a clear picture.
D. It is popular with Japanese writers.
(5)The purpose of the writer in the passage is to .
A. tell us some interesting things
B. introduce the characteristics of different poems
C. introduce some forms of English poems to the readers
D. express his love for poems
答案: (1)～(5)CDDCC
2. 运用语句知识解构课文中的长难句。
译文: 语言具体但富有想象力, 且使小孩子们快乐, 因为它们押韵, 节奏感强, 并较多重复。
译文: 清单诗诗句的长短较为灵活, 且有重复短语。这就形成了诗歌的固定模式和节奏。
译文: 另外一种学生容易写的简体诗是由五行组成的, 叫做五行诗。
根据文章内容完成空格。
Forms of Poems Characteristics
Nursery rhymes Concrete but (1)imaginative languageStrong (2)rhythm and a lot of repetitionEasy to learn and (3)recite
List poems A (4)flexible line lengthRepeated phrases
the cinquain Easy to writeMade up of (5)five lines(6)Conveys a strong picture in just a few words
Haiku A Japanese form of poetryMade up of (7)17 syllablesEasy to writeGives a clear (8)picture(9)Creates a special feeling using the minimum of words
Tang poems A lot of Tang poetry has been (10)translated into English.
阅读思维升华: 主题实践
1. 结合课文主题, 回答下列问题。
(1)What is the main idea of the reading passage
It is about some simple forms of English poems.
(2)What are the similarities between the cinquain and haiku
They are easy to write. Both of them show clear pictures to readers and convey a special feeling.
(3)What is the story that Poem H tells
Poem H tells us about a woman who waited for her beloved husband to come back from a journey.
2. 根据提示, 运用本单元词汇与句型完成短文。
(1)孩子们最早学习的英文诗是童谣。
(2)诗歌中较简单的一种是清单诗。
(3)还有五行诗、俳句诗、唐诗等。
There are various reasons why people write poetry. Some of the first poetry a young child learns in English is nursery rhymes, and they have strong rhythm and a lot of repetition. Another simple kind of poem is list poem, and these poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases. The cinquain is made up of five lines. Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry with 17 syllables. English speakers also enjoy other forms of Asian poetry—Tang poems from China in particular.
1. convey vt. 传达; 表达; 输送; 运送
*China has not only succeeded in conveying a message to the world of victory over the pandemic, but it has also proved itself a true champion in this fight. 中国不仅成功地向世界传达了战胜这一流行病的信息, 而且在这场斗争中也证明了自己是真正的冠军。
*We will convey your present to your father if possible.
如果有可能的话, 我们将把你的礼物转送给你父亲。
*A bus conveys passengers from the train station to the dock. 一辆公共汽车把旅客们从火车站送到码头。
【语块积累】
convey sth. to sb. 向某人表达/传递某物
convey sb. /sth. from A to B 把某人或某物从A地运送到B地
convey one’s feelings/meanings 表达某人的感情/意思
(1)语法填空。
①The message conveyed (convey) to us here is clear: “Actions speak louder than words. ”
②Your luggage will be conveyed from the airport to your hotel.
(2)I find it hard to convey my feelings in words at the moment.
我发现此刻难以用言语表达我的感情。
2. take it easy(=take things easy)轻松; 不紧张; 从容
*If we hadn’t taken it easy, we would have passed the exam.
如果我们没有松懈的话, 我们就通过考试了。
*He was going to take it easy when he got back.
他回去以后要过轻松的日子。
【语块积累】
take things easy 别紧张; 慢慢来
take one’s time 别着急; 慢慢来
take. . . seriously 重视……; 对……严肃对待
take. . . for granted 认为……理所当然
(1)对比填空(take it easy/ take one’s time)。
①—I feel so nervous about the National English Speech Competition tomorrow.
—Take it easy.
②Would you take your time I’ll have to tidy up myself.
(2)You should not take it for granted that you can do the work perfectly. Take it seriously and make enough preparations.
不要想当然地认为你能把这项工作做得十分完美; 认真对待, 并做好充分准备。
3. run out of 用完; 用尽
*In a mine accident, the trapped miners were running out of energy when help came.
在一次矿难中, 被困矿工就要精疲力竭时, 援助来了。
* With the time running out, they had to work around the clock. 时间快要用完了, 他们不得不昼夜不停地工作。
(1)run out of 虽为及物动词短语, 但不用于被动语态。
(2)run out 为不及物动词短语, 为主动形式表示被动的意义。
【易混辨析】run out of, run out, give out, use up
run out of “用完了”, 是及物动词短语, 表示主动意义, 主语一般是人
run out “……用完了”, 是不及物动词短语, 其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词
give out “用尽; 精疲力竭”, 为不及物动词短语
use up “用完; 消耗尽”, 为及物动词短语
(1)对比填空(run out of /run out)。
①They ran out of money and had to abandon the project.
②Money ran out and they had to abandon the project.
(2)句式升级。
The petrol has been run out of, so the car can’t move. (用with复合结构)
With the petrol run out of, the car can’t move.
(3)Running out of energy and patience, Jane gave up her walking along the stream and fell to sleep.
耗尽了精力和耐心, 简放弃了在小溪边散步, 然后就睡着了。
选词填空(run out/run out of/use up/give out)
①My money has been used up, so I have to return home.
②She has run out of/used up her money and her patience is also running out.
③His strength gave out after he ran that long distance.
4. be made up of (主动形式为make up) 由……构成
*Thirty boys and twenty girls make up the class. (主动语态中不用介词of)
=The class is made up of thirty boys and twenty girls. (被动语态中要用介词 of)
30个男孩和20个女孩组成了这个班。
*Find the song that you want to make into a ringtone.
选一首你要制作铃声的歌曲。
*He could just make out a figure in the darkness.
黑暗中他只看出了一个人的轮廓。
【语块积累】
make up 构成; 创作; 化妆; 和解; 编造
make into 制成; 转变为
make up for sth. 弥补
make out 理解; 辨认出
make sense 有道理, 讲得通
make it 成功
(1)be made up of的主动形式为make up, 使用时要注意被动形式的be made up of中的介词of不可缺少。
(2)be made up of的同义短语: be composed of/consist of; 其中consist of为主动形式表示被动意义, 不用于进行时态及被动语态。
(1)用make短语完成下面语段。
Our factory is made up of fifty women workers. Some of them like making up so much that they are often late for work. When questioned by the boss, they usually make up some excuses for it. However, all the workers hold the belief that as long as you work hard you’ll make it one day.
(2)Being a volunteer is also a good opportunity for me to improve my spoken English and make up for my disadvantages.
做一名志愿者也是我提高英语口语和弥补缺点的好机会。
5. in particular 尤其; 特别
*Did you know that English speakers also enjoy other forms of Asian poetry —Tang poems from China in particular
你知道吗 说英语的人也喜欢其他类型的亚洲诗, 尤其是中国的“唐诗”。
*I am interested in stories in general, and detective stories in particular.
总的来说我对小说感兴趣, 尤其是侦探小说。
【语块积累】
(1)in particular=particularly 尤其, 特别
(2)be particular about/over sth. 对某事挑剔; 对某物讲究
【巧学助记】“特别”“挑剔的”particular
We need a particular person to help solve the problem. He can’t be particular about daily life, food in particular.
我们需要一个特别的人来帮助解决这个问题。他不能对日常生活挑剔, 尤其是食物。
(1)语法填空。
①As an artist, she likes travelling to get her inspiration in particular.
②(2020·浙江高考)Smart lights can be particularly(particular)beneficial for some cities.
(2)Ted was very particular about the colors he used.
Ted在用色上非常讲究。
6. transform vi. & vt. 转化; 转换; 改造; 变换
*Never looking back, transformed into stone.
化为石, 不回头。
*We must work hard so as to transform China into an advanced industrial country.
我们必须努力工作以便使中国变成先进的工业国。
*Every moment of every day, energy is being transformed from one form into another.
每时每刻能量都在由一种形式转换成另一种形式。
【语块积累】
(1)transform A into B 把A转换成B
be transformed into. . . 被转变为……
transform from. . . into. . . 从……转变成……
(2)transformation n. (外观或性质的)改变、变革
【知识延伸】已学过的“ trans-”构成的单词:
①transport 运输; 运送
②transplant 移植(器官, 植物等)
③translate 翻译
(1)语法填空。
①(2020·江苏高考)The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable transformation(transform).
②I was a student and had my life totally transformed (transform) by that experience.
(2)He was transformed into a controversial figure, which affected his reputation a great deal.
他变成了一个有争议的人物, 这对他的名声影响很大。
7. sorrow n. 悲伤; 悲痛; 懊悔
*At that moment words couldn’t convey my sorrow.
在那一刻, 语言无法表达我的悲伤。
*Many football fans expressed their sorrow for Spain’s dropping out of the top 10 football teams.
西班牙跌出了足球队排行榜前十, 许多球迷对此难过。
* We were in deep sorrow at the news that the plants on Jade Rabbit 2 died. 听到玉兔2号上(搭载)的植物死亡的消息, 我们都感到很悲伤。
【语块积累】
(1)in sorrow 处于悲痛之中
to one’s sorrow 使某人伤心的是
(2)sorrowful adj. 悲痛的
(1)语法填空。
① You must feel sorrowful (sorrow)now. However, life isn’t so bad.
②But to my sorrow, it was stolen on my way home.
③They said that the decision was made more in sorrow than in anger.
(2)Some poems are written to express the authors’ feelings, such as happiness or sorrow.
译: 有些诗歌用来表达作者的情感, 比如快乐或悲伤。
8. The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite.
这些诗歌(指童谣)不一定有什么意义, 甚至(有的)看起来自相矛盾, 但是它们容易学, 也容易背诵。
【句式解构】
(1)此句为并列句, 句中but连接两个并列分句, 且表示转折关系。
(2)句中“they are easy to learn and recite”为“主语+be+adj. +to do”结构, 意为“……容易被做”。此句中不定式为主动形式表示被动意义。
*Among the four seasons in a year, summer is my favorite. The morning air is so good to breathe.
在一年的四个季节中, 夏天是我最喜欢的季节。早晨空气呼吸起来棒极了。
*While Li Ping is not a talkative girl, she is not difficult to get along with. 虽然李萍不健谈, 但与她相处不难。
(1)能够用于“主语+be+adj. +to do”结构中的形容词有: easy, hard/difficult, comfortable, interesting, heavy, pleasant, safe, dangerous, impossible等, 此类形容词说明的是不定式的性质。
(2)“主语+be+adj. +to do”结构中不定式中的动词若是不及物动词, 其后要加上相应的介词。
(1)单句改错。
①The river is dangerous for children to swim. (swim后加in)
②This problem is not easy to figure it out. (去掉it)
(2)(2020·全国Ⅱ卷改编)Bamboo plants are not difficult to care for and can be made into great presents.
竹子并不难照料, 也能被制成很好的礼物。
【要点拾遗】
1. contradictory adj. 引起矛盾的; 好反驳的
*People found this sort of contradictory reality hard to accept. 人们都觉得这矛盾的现实难以接受。
*Our research is contradictory to the traditional idea that girls control classroom communication in reading. 我们的研究与传统观点相矛盾: 在阅读中, 女孩控制着课堂交流。
【语块积累】
(1)be contradictory to. . . 与……矛盾/对立
(2)contradict vt. 反驳; 驳斥; 批驳
(1)用contradict的正确形式填空。
①You cannot feel envious and grateful at the same time. They’re contradictory feelings.
②There is a mass of research evidence which contradicts this idea.
(2)语法填空。
His story is contradictory to the facts.
(3)The advice I received was often contradictory.
我所得到的建议常常是相互矛盾的。
2. flexible adj. 灵活的; 可弯曲的; 柔顺的
*List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem.
“清单诗”诗句的长短比较灵活且有重复的短语, 这就形成了这种诗的模式和节奏。
*American students have a more flexible schedule to do part-time jobs. 美国学生有更为灵活的时间去做兼职工作。
【语块积累】
be flexible in sth. 在某方面灵活
flexibly adv. 灵活地
flexibility n. 灵活性; 柔韧性; 适应性
(1)用flexible的适当形式填空。
① Yet, don’t place your plans in stone. You can adjust your plans flexibly.
②It may be because music improves your brain’s flexibility.
(2)Here, you’ll find all the students have flexible and practical learning methods.
在这里, 你会发现所有的学生都有灵活和实用的学习方法。
3. tease vi. & vt. 取笑; 招惹; 戏弄
*They wouldn’t want their child to be teased or given a bad nickname.
他们不想让他们的孩子被嘲笑或被取不好的外号。
*She teased her mother for money/to give her some money.
她缠着妈妈要钱。
【语块积累】
tease sb. about sth. 拿某事来取笑某人
tease sb. for sth. 缠着某人强求……
tease sb. to do sth. 一再请求/缠着某人做某事
【知识延伸】常见的表示“取笑……; 开……玩笑”的短语还有:
①laugh at 嘲笑
②make fun of 取笑
③make a fool of 愚弄
④play a joke on 开……的玩笑
⑤play a trick on 捉弄
语法填空。
(1)They used to tease me about my name.
(2)The naughty boy is teasing his friend to play (play) with him.
(3)Parents also need to consider how the names sound to avoid being teased(tease).
4. translation n. 翻译; 译文
*The English translation of the lines may not be exact enough to convey their original meanings.
台词的英译版或许不能足够准确地传达它们的本意。
*This book is a translation from French into English.
这本书是从法语翻译成英语的。
【语块积累】
(1)translation from. . . into. . . 从……翻译成……
(2)translate vi. &vt. 翻译; 把……译成
translate. . . (from. . . )into. . . 把……(从……)译成……
(3)translator n. 译员, 翻译者
(1)用translate的适当形式填空。
① If you don’t mind, I want to be a translator for you.
②The recipe is translated into English and that’s why I chose it for you.
③What do you think of Tom’s translation of the poem
(2)Do not translate everything into your native language.
不要把所有的东西都翻译成你的母语。
5. branch n. 枝条; 支流; 支线; (学科的)分科; 部门
*Please remember to wear a hat and a pair of gloves in case the branches hurt you.
一定要记得戴帽子和手套, 以防枝条伤害你。
*They are also a global company with 2, 800 branches around the world.
它们也是一家在世界各地拥有2 800家分店的全球性的公司。
【巧学助记】图解branch的一词多义
写出下列句子中branch的含义。
(1)The gardener is cutting away all the dead branches from the tree. (枝条)
(2)The river has three main branches. (支流)
(3)English is a branch of the Germanic family of languages. (分支)
(4)The firm arranged that he should be assigned to the branch office. (分公司)
6. There are various reasons why people write poetry.
人们写诗有各种各样的原因。
【句式解构】
本句为主从复合句。why people write poetry作reasons的定语。关系副词why在定语从句中作原因状语, 可用for which代替。
*The reason why/for which I learned to cook was that my mother could rest after she finished her work.
我学做饭的原因是我妈妈可以在完成她的工作后休息一下。
*I can’t think of any reason why he should do that.
我想不出来他为何非要那样做。
*Not everyone believed his reason that he was too tired to get up this morning.
今天早上他太累以至于无法起床这个理由并不能使所有人都相信。
【语块积累】
(1)reason作先行词时, 如果定语从句缺少主语或宾语等名词性成分, 则定语从句用关系代词which或that引导, 且作宾语的关系代词可以省略。
(2)若reason后接同位语从句, 则同位语从句用that引导。
The reason why. . . is/was that. . . ……的原因是……, 在此句型中, 一般用that引导表语从句, 而不用because。
*The reason why I apply for this job is that I like English and voluntary work very much.
我申请这个工作的原因是我非常喜欢英语和志愿者工作。
(1)单句改错。
①The reason which I can’t go is that I had a fall yesterday and injured my foot badly. (which改为why/或在which前加for)
②What do you think of the reason why he explained for his failure in the match (why改为that/which或去掉why)
③The reason is because I am busy preparing myself for the coming final examination. (because改为that)
(2)The reasons why I like Chaplin best are listed as follows.
译文: 我最喜欢卓别林的原因列举如下。
7. Some poems tell a story or describe something in a way that will give the reader a strong impression.
有些诗是为了叙事, 或者是以给读者强烈印象的方式描述某件事。
【句式解构】
(1)此句为主从复合句。句中way作先行词, that引导定语从句, 且在从句中作主语, 此时that可用which替换。
(2)way作先行词时, 如果关系代词that/which在定语从句中作宾语则可以省略。
(3)way作先行词时, 若从句中缺少方式状语, 可用that或 in which引导定语从句, 或直接省掉that或in which。
*You expressed great interest in the way that/in which people pay for their purchases in China.
你对中国的购物支付方式很感兴趣。
*I don’t think the way that/which was suggested by Lucy can be of any help.
=I don’t think the way(that/which) Lucy suggested can be of any help.
我认为露西建议的方法没什么帮助。
(1)语法填空。
①The media should present information in such a way that/which could allow people to make informed decisions.
②What leaves me the deepest impression is the way that/in which you helped me memorize English words.
(2)单句改错。
They’ve been contacted online by someone they didn’t know in a way in which made them feel scared. (去掉which前的in)
8. Some rhyme (like B) while others do not (like C).
有些(清单诗)押韵(如B), 而有些不押韵(如C)。
【句式解构】
while是并列连词, 意为“然而”, 表示前后两种情况的对比。
*I like English while my little brother is fond of maths.
我喜欢英语然而我弟弟喜欢数学。
*While we were swimming in the river, we saw a fish jump out of the water.
当我们正在河中游泳时, 我们看见一条鱼跃出了水面。
*While the Internet is of great help to us, I don’t think it is a good idea to spend too much time on it.
尽管互联网对我们有很大的帮助, 但是我认为在这方面花太多的时间并不是个好主意。
while的常见用法
(1)while用作并列连词, 意为“而, 然而”, 表前后意义上的对比或转折。
(2)用作从属连词, 引导时间状语从句, 意为“当……时, 和……同时”。
(3)用作从属连词, 引导让步状语从句, 从句常置于句首, 意为“尽管”, 表示转折。
(1)语法填空。
①I was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was extremely organized.
②The eagle kite is made of plastic while the butterfly kite is made of cloth.
(2)Some were responsible for picking watermelons; some put the watermelons into baskets while others carried the baskets to the specified place.
有些人负责采摘西瓜; 有些人把西瓜放到篮子里而另一些人把篮子运到指定的地方。
9. With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, students may eventually want to write poems of their own. 因为有许多不同类型的诗可以选择, 学生们可能最后都想写他们自己的诗歌了。
【句式解构】
(1)此句为复杂的简单句。句中“With so many different forms of poetry to choose from”为with的复合结构, 在句中作原因状语。
(2)“with+宾语+宾语补足语”称为with的复合结构, 此结构在句中常作时间、原因、方式、伴随状语, 有时也可作定语。
*With time passing by, they have grown into big boys and big girls.
随着时间的流逝, 他们都长成大小伙子和大姑娘了。
*With all the things bought, she went home happily.
买了所有东西后, 她高兴地回家了。
*With several problems to solve, we still need to hold another meeting as soon as possible.
有一些问题尚待解决, 因此我们仍需尽快再召开一次会议。
(1)语法填空。
①With a guide to show (show) us around the scenic spots, we’re sure to have a good time.
②He came into the restaurant, with his children following (follow).
③With more and more forests damaged (damage), some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out.
(2) (2020· 天津高考)Most of us meet new people, and new ideas, with hesitation.
我们大多数人在遇到新朋友、新想法时都会犹豫。
1. Last year, the Zhejiang green rural revival program won the award for inspiration and action for its work to regenerate polluted waterways and damaged lands. In 2017, the Saihanba afforestation community was recognized in the inspiration and action category for transforming degraded land in northern China into a lush paradise.
去年, 浙江绿色乡村复兴项目因其对受污染的水道和受损土地的修复工作获得(“地球卫士奖”中的)“激励与行动奖”。2017年, 中国北部的塞罕坝造林社区因退耕还林也获得这一奖项。
2. In particular, China is moving fast to share more development opportunities with foreign firms. The negative list for foreign access to business sectors is shortening year by year; new pilot free trade zones have been launched across the nation in just a few years, and once heavily-restricted domains such as finance are being opened up at a non-stop pace.
中国在与外国企业分享发展机遇方面行动尤为迅速。外资准入负面清单在逐年缩短, 新设的自由贸易试验区在几年之内已遍布全国, 曾经严格受限的金融等领域也在以势不可挡的速度对外开放。
3. After multiple investigations and the use of new technologies, police officers in Sanming, Fujian province, eventually found DNA evidence to solve a 25-year-old murder.
经过多次调查和新技术的应用, 福建省三明市的警方最终找到了DNA证据, 破获了一起发生在25年前的谋杀案。
4. The ox has long had a significant place in Chinese culture. Ancient Chinese poets and writers frequently described the ox in literature. In the classic of poetry, the oldest existing collection of Chinese poetry, the animal was mentioned in nine out of the 305 pieces.
牛在中国文化中向来占据重要地位。中国古代诗人和作家常在文学作品中描写牛。在我国现存最早的诗歌总集的305篇诗歌中, 有9篇都提到了牛。
5. At a traditional Chinese dinner, it is not uncommon to see a host use his or her chopsticks to take the tastiest morsel of fish meat and place it on a guest’s plate to convey hospitality.
在传统的中国晚宴上, 主人用筷子夹起最美味的鱼肉, 放在客人的盘子里, 以此来表达主人的热情好客, 这是很常见的。
Ⅰ. 语段填词
1. The young man always liked teasing(戏弄) others, which eventually(最终) brought him much trouble, but actually it is his own unique way to convey (传递) his feelings to others.
2. Maybe there are concrete(具体的) rules for translation(翻译), but when you translate an article, you should be flexible(灵活的). Sometimes, some editions are contradictory(有矛盾的) to their original works.
3. Human beings’ ability of creation is endless(无止境的). You can’t imagine that this kind of salty(咸的) materials can be transformed(转化) into valuable diamonds(钻石).
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. Patients with heart failure are told to follow strict diets because salty (salt) foods worsen the condition.
2. Any behaviour that is repeated enough times will eventually (eventual) become a habit and happen automatically.
3. I felt sorrowful(sorrow) when I heard the news that the writer passed away.
4. And it’s bringing about the opportunity to transform vision, curiosity, and wonder into practical knowledge.
5. The reason why he died young was that he paid no attention to health.
6. With a great many articles to write(write), he won’t have time to go shopping this morning.
7. It is said that our body is made up of 206 bones; if one of them is broken, it will cause inconvenience of some kind.
8. Among all the goods, I was interested in the cotton piece in particular.
9. Take it easy and tell us what has happened.
10. He climbed up the tree and hid among the branches (branch).
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. The reason that he gave me why he didn’t attend the meeting was that he was badly ill.
他向我解释他未出席会议的原因是他病得很重。
2. With no one noticing, he slipped through the window.
他趁没人注意的时候, 从窗口溜走了。
3. As a teacher rich in experience, he knows how to convey his ideas to the students.
作为一位经验丰富的老师, 他知道如何向学生们表达他的想法。
4. Some bad habits such as smoking and drinking aren’t easy to get rid of.
像吸烟酗酒等坏习惯不容易改掉。
5. He likes playing basketball, while I like listening to music.
他喜欢打篮球, 而我喜欢听音乐。
Ⅳ. 课文语法填空
People write poetry for 1. various(variety) reasons. Some poems tell a story or describe something 2. in a way that will give the reader a strong 3. impression (impress). Others try to convey certain 4. emotions(emotion). Poets use many different forms of poetry to express 5. themselves (them). For example, the language of nursery rhymes is concrete but imaginative, and they delight small children because they have strong rhythm and a lot of repetition. And list poems have 6. a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and rhythm to the poem.
Another simple form of poem is the cinquain, 7. which is made up of five lines and can convey a strong picture in just a few words. Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that 8. is made (make) up of 17 syllables.
And of course there are Tang poems from China which you may enjoy in particular.
With so many different forms of poetry 9. to choose (choose) from, students may 10. eventually (eventual) want to write poems of their own.
PAGE
21Unit 2 Poems
A Poem of Tang完美地诠释了西安悠久的历史与风情。作为中华文化宝库的一颗明珠, “唐诗”的影响力不可估量, 霍尊也特别喜欢歌词部分所体现出来的东方有一个“神秘而伟大”的国度的意境。
注: 听音填空
A Poem of Tang
There was a country far off the sea
On the land of the east
I heard it when I was young
Mum said it’s called Tang
I once dreamed a poet called Li
Wrote a poem on my skin
But I didn’t know how to read ①it
So I traveled to find him
I heard the camel bells ring
the vulture fly in the wind
Far far ②away from hometown
Dad’s afraid I was too young
Ah the kids read in morning
Ah the bell tower rings
Ah I pass the temple
Ah the monk smiles to me
They said there was a man called Li
He’s famous in the dynasty
He do poetry with poets in restaurants
Left calligraphy on the ground
An old sold wine beyond the city
By the road to the moat in the rain
He said that is named An named Chang
So I believed the poet wound be found
Ah I see great buildings
Ah in them poets drink and ③sing
Ah I pass the palace
Ah flowers bloom around me
Ah I see Buddha statue sits
Ah I see the Emperor through the street
Ah I pass a lantern
Ah it light up the poem on my skin
I saw a man wear white in the rain
Just like the poet in my dream
He took wine and read a poem
Just like the lyrics of this song
A poem written for the Tang
如何捕捉说话者的目的与计划
目的与计划类听力题包括的内容非常广泛。高考命题者可能围绕以下主题来命题: 打算为家人或朋友买生日礼物; 为假期旅游观光作计划; 为庆祝妈妈或老师的生日做准备; 我将来的职业理想; 今年夏天去看海/山/草地/沙漠; 申请组织足球队/篮球赛/舞蹈队/乐队及其理由等。
【即时训练】听音频回答问题, 并注意说话者的目的与计划。
1. Why did the man miss his connecting flight
A. His plane arrived late.
B. He took a wrong plane.
C. He didn’t catch the earliest flight.
2. When will the man’s connecting flight depart
A. At 3: 00. B. At 4: 30. C. At 7: 00.
3. Where is the man now
A. In Munich.
B. In Denver.
C. In Chicago.
4. What does the man want to do
A. Ask the technicians for help.
B. Attend the meeting online.
C. Have the meeting videotaped.
答案: 1～4. ABCB
【听力原文】
M: Hello, Sue This is Damon Guenther. My plane had an electrical problem, so my flight from Munich was delayed and I missed my connecting flight here.
W: I’m sorry to hear that, Damon. Can you come to the meeting on time
M: The earliest flight I can catch leaves at 4: 30 and arrives in Denver at 7, so I’m going to miss the meeting at 3 today.
W: Unfortunately, we can’t change the time of the meeting, because Sam Hawthorn has come from Boston, and he has to return tonight. But I’d really like you to attend it.
M: I know. Is there any way you could set it up as a video meeting on the Internet That way, I could take part in it in Chicago.
W: That’s a good idea. I’ll try. Let me talk with our technical support staff, and I’ll get back to you soon. Meanwhile, go ahead and book the 4: 30 flight. In a worst case, we’ll videotape the meeting and you can watch it tonight after you arrive.
译文: 《唐诗》
海外存远国
云遥有东土
童稚闻其名
母告吾谓唐
梦遇诗人李
题诗缀吾臂
莫能诵其语
遂别将其觅
沙吹响驼铃
人走见飞鹰
乡远莫能返
父恐吾尚青
晨曦朗书童
古寺钟声重
伽蓝殿前走
僧笑佛前人
僧言有李氏
名重王朝倾
斗诗青楼内
酒醉吐腹经
路遇翁卖酒
雨沥城门净
翁言谓长安
遂入观其景
楼穷现煌宇
骚客共饮歌
大明宫前过
袖畔繁花生
佛坐莲花落
帝过千人迎
人过阑珊处
灯笼照臂诗
微雨见白衣
恰如梦中影
把酒笑吟诗
恰如此歌行
诗以唐之名
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