Unit 1 Cultural relics限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别

(共10张PPT)
关系代词∕副词 指代人∕物 充当句子成分
人 主语∕宾语
whom 人
which
that
人∕物 定语
when 时间
where 状语
原因 状语
who
宾语，可以省略
物
主语∕宾语做 语时可省略
宾
人∕物
主语∕宾语做 语时可省略
宾
whose
状语
地点
why
观察例句并找出先行词:
⒈Those who/that take physical exercise live longer.
⒉The girl who/whom/that I saw is very learned.
⒊The car which/that he drives was bought last year.
⒋This is the library where I used to go.
Group A:
⒈Mr. Smith, who is our boss, is leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow.
⒉The 8:30 train, which is usually punctual, was late today.
3. The college, where he has studied for four years, is a famous one.
⒋Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous.
Group B:
Group B: The Non-restrictive Attributive clauses(非限制性定语从句)
Group A: The restrictive Attributive clauses(限制性定语从句)
形式不同：
限制性定语从句与先行词之间不用逗号隔开；
非限制性定语从句与先行词之间一般用逗号
隔开。
My cousin whose father is a teacher wants to be an actor.
My cousin , whose father is a teacher , wants to be an actor.
先行词不同：
名词
代词
名词
代词
短语
句子
Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous.
He changed his mind, which made me angry.
限制性定语从句：先行词只能是 和 。
非限制性定语从句：先行词既可以是 或 。
也可以是 或 。
功能不同：
不能去掉，如果去掉就会造成句意不完整或概念不清
修饰
限制
具体
明确
补充说明
能去掉，如果去掉，对句子意思没有影响，句意仍然清楚完整。
限制性定语从句对先行词进行 和 。使先行词的意义更 和更 。
非限制性定语从句对先行词进行 。
含义不同：
I have a sister who is a doctor.
I have a sister, who is a doctor.
暗指姐姐不止一个
暗指只有一个姐姐
限制性定语从句具有 ，非限制性定语从句具有 。
唯一性
涉他性
My mother, who is 50 years, lives with me now.
My mother who is 50 years lives with me now.
关系词的使用情况不同：
His wife, that you met at my house, is a teacher.
He told me the reason, why he wanted to drop his math .
和 一般不用于引导非限制性定语从句。其他的关系词都可以。
关系代词引导限制性定语从句做 语是可以省略，但非限制性定语从句的所有关系词都 省略
whom
for which
that
why
宾
不可
译法不同：
The film that we saw yesterday was very moved.
Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a very beautiful city.
我们昨天看的那场电影非常感人！
北京是中国的首都，它是一座非常美丽的城市。
一般把限制性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前，而非限制性定语从句译成汉语时，一般译成一个单独的句子：