外研版必修四Module 6 Unexpected Mysteries of the Natural World 学案

Module 6 Unexpected Mysteries of the Natural World
Teaching aims:
1． Encourage the students to know how to write a description of the monsters of the natural world .
2. Train the speaking ability of the students.
Teaching Important points：
---Teach the students some new words and the students can use simple English to discuss the monsters of the natural world .
--- The students can know the differences between Chinese dragons and western dragons.
Teaching methods:
Individual work, pair work to get every student participate in class.
Period 1 Introduction and Cultural Corner
Part 1
I 词汇预习
1. 攻击，袭击 2. 多毛的
3. 吓人的 4. 动物，生物
5. 锋利的 6. 存在v n.
7. 变化莫测的 8. 正面的
9. 象征，暗示 10. 身份，特性
11.运气，命运 12. 由于，因……造成
II. Finish the exercises 1&2 on P51.
III. Reading
Task 1: Read the passage on P59 and match the main idea of each paragraph.
Paragraph 1 a The Chinese think well of dragons.
Paragraph 2 b In China, dragons probably originated from the alligator
Paragraph 3 c In the west, dragons probably originated from the snake
Paragraph 4 d Dragons are talked about everywhere in the world
Paragraph 5 e The English think ill of dragons but in Wales it is an positive symbol
Task 2: Read the passage and choose the best answers.
1. Which of the following statements is TRUE
A. Dragon is a native creature to China.
B. Dragon is a positive symbol to the whole world.
C. Many countries know nothing about dragon.
D. People from different countries think differently of dragon.
2.In Chinese culture, dragons .
A. can bring bad luck to people seeing them
B. were closely connected to the royal family
C. represent intelligence, friendship and leadership
D. can cause death and destruction
3. Which of the following is NOT TRUE
A. In Scandinavia, dragon is a dangerous animal
B. The red dragon indicates strength and a sense of responsibility
C. Some believe the dragon comes from the snake
D. In Chinese culture, when there is plenty of water, people can usually see a dragon
IV. 语言点学习
1.Dragons can be friendly or fierce, they can bring good luck or cause death and destruction, but one thing is sure--- people talk almost everywhere in the world.
【解析】friendly adj 搭配 be friendly to sb对……友好
翻译：他对班上所有同学都很友好 。
以-ly 结尾的形容词有： 可爱的 ；生动的 ；寂寞的，偏僻的 ；
致命的 ； 可能的 ；每天的 ；每月的 ；
井井有条的 ； 母亲般的 。
2. Other members of the royal family were allowed to wear dragon symbols, too, but with fewer claws and of a different color.
试翻译这个句子
be allowed to do sth
翻译：在学校，我们不被允许抽烟。
【解析】
①“（be） of +名词 ”结构中的名词是抽象名词时，相当于其中名词所对应的形容词的意思，说明被修饰词具有某种特征或属性。常用的名词有：use, importance, help, value, interest, service, benefit等。如：
I don’t want to hear what you are saying. It’s of no interest to me.(of no interest=not interesting)
Doing morning exercises will be of benefit to your health. (of benefit= beneficial)
Coal is of great importance to the development of industry. (of great importance=very important)
② “（be） of +名词 ”结构中的名词表种类、数量、度量等时，表示不同的人或物的共同特征，此时名词前常有冠词。常用的名词有：
size, kind, type, price, height, width, weight, age, shape, color等。如：
We’re of the same age. 我们同岁。
The twin sisters are of a size and the skirt fits each of them exactly. 双胞胎姐妹身材一样， 这件裙子两个人穿都非常合适。
Machines are of different types and sizes. 机器有不同的型号和规格。
③ “（be） of +名词 ”结构可以表示主语的根源关系，此时的名词多是表示亲属、血统、种族、国籍及出处的名词，常见的名词有：family, blood, race, origin等。
We’re of the same blood. 我们是同一家族。
They are of noble race. 他们出身名门。
翻译：
学好英语很重要。
他的建议非常有帮助。
3． For a creature that doesn’t actually exist, that’s quite something.
【解析】that 引导定语从句，修饰creature, (可/不可)省略
something n. 相当重要的人或物
试译：He’s really something.
There’s something in what she said.
Period 2 Reading and Vocabulary
Teaching important points:
The students can understand the passage better;
Students can learn and master important words and phrases in this period.
Part 1
I 词汇预习
1. 神秘的 2. 声称
3. 平静的 4. 潜水
5. 不可能的 6. 怀疑的，不相信的
7．火山的 8. 占地（多大面积）
9. 表面，水面 10. 使适应
11. 消失 12. 绝种了的
II．课文预读
Task 1 : Scan the text and decide where it comes from
A. a tourist guide B. a newspaper C. a dictionary D. a scientific journal
Task 2: Match the main idea of each paragraph.
Para 1 A. a third sighting of the Tianchi monster
Para 2 B. more information about the Tianchi monster
Para 3 C. the latest sighting of the Tianchi monster
Para 4 D. information about Lake Tianchi
Para 5 E. another recent sighting of the Tianchi monster
Task 3: Choose the best answer according to the text.
1. How many sightings of the monster does the article report
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
2. According to the scientists, large living creatures cannot exist _______.
A. in hot water
B. in bright sunlight
C. in low temperature
D. under deep water
3. Why were the photos not clear
A. Because it is under deep water.
B. Because the weather was not fine enough.
C. Because the water in Lake Tianchi was not so clear.
D. Because the monster was too small to be seen clearly.
4. What is special about Lake Tianchi
A. It is the highest volcanic lake in the world.
B. It is the deepest volcanic lake in the world.
C. It is the biggest volcanic lake in the world.
D. Its average depth is 370 meters.
5. What does the text tell us
A. The monster of Lake Tianchi.
B. Something about travel in Tianchi.
C. Some strange scenes of Lake Tianchi.
D. Someone has seen the monster close up.
III. Discussion:
Do you believe the existence of the monster Why
IV. Consolidation:
Try to fill in the blanks according to the text.
The “Monster of Lake Tianchi” is 1 in the news after several recent sightings. Someone said “the monster, which seemed to be black 2 color, jumped out of the water like a seal.” A local photographer claimed that its head looked like a 3 . Another said “It was 4 and had a round head with 10-centimetre horns”. A third man 5 to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water. Then it 6 into the water, ten minutes later it 7 again and repeated the action.
Many people think the monster may be a 8 cousin of the Loch Ness monster. They also think that there might be 9 creatures in other lakes around the world. But scientists say that the low-temperature lake is 10 to be able to support such large living creatures.
Period 3 Reading and Vocabulary
Part 2 自主学习
1. 难点突破
翻译并分析句子成分
1. He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.
2. They say that the low-temperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.
3. It is 2,189 metres high and covers an area of about ten square kilometres.
2.语言点学习
1.The “Monster of Lake Tianchi” in the Changbai Mountains in Jilin province northeast China, is back in the news after several sightings.
【解析】be back in the news 的意思是 。
sighting n. 目击，发现
This is about a reported sighting of a UFO. 这是一篇关于看到UFO的报道。
【拓展】sight n. 视力，眼界
at first sight 初看，乍看 out of sight 看不见 lose sight of 看不见
catch sight of 看见 in sight 看见，在视野范围内
Catching sight of a policeman coming, the thief swiftly went out of sight.
A. the, the B. /, / C. the, / D. /, the
2.Xue Junlin, a local photographer, claimed that its head looked like a horse.
【解析】claim to do sth./ that 宣称，声称做某事
He claimed to have seen the Monster of Tianchi.
【拓展】claim的意思还有：
①要求，认领
Has anyone claimed this watch
②索赔，索取
Did you claim the insurance (保险) after your car accident
3. A third report came from Li Xiaohe, who was visiting the lake with his family.
【解析】a third report 意思是“还有一则报道”
a +序数词, 表示动作或事情的重复，意为“再一”，“又一”。
The book is worth reading a third time. 这本书值得再读一次。
the +序数词，表顺序
She is the second student to arrive. 他是第二个来的学生。
In order to find better job, he decided to study second language.
A. the, a B. a, a C. the, the D. a, the
4. Mr Li Xiaohe said that he and his family were able to see the monster clearly because the weather was fine and the lake was calm.
【解析】 calm adj 平静的，镇静的
Keep calm, and try not to panic! 沉住气，别慌张！
The sea was calm. 海上风平浪静。
【拓展】calm v. 使平静，使镇静
Calm yourself. 请你镇静下来。
calm down 平静下来
It’s difficult to calm down the football fans.
5. It is 2,189 metres high and covers an area of about ten square kilometres.
【解析】
① 表示“长、宽、高……”的常用句型：
a. sth be +数词+度量单位+long/wide/high/deep…
b. sth be +数词+度量单位+in length/ width/ height/ depth…
翻译：
这条河宽20米。
姚明有2.26米高。
② sth covers an area of …占多大面积
试译： 这个镇占地100平方公里。
试观察下列句子，理解cover(v/n)的具体含义。
a. The CCTV will cover all the major games of the tournament.
b. By sunset we had covered thirty miles.
c. The survey covers all aspects of the business.
d. Much of the country is covered by forest.
e. Is that word covered in the dictionary
f. I have covered 30 pages of the book.
g. $100 should cover your expenses.
h. The book has a blue cover.
6. They say that the low-temperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.
【句型】Sb be unlikely to do sth =It’s unlikely that …
Sb be likely to do sth = It’s likely that …
She’s likely to ring me tonight.= It’s likely that she will ring me tonight.
eg: Studies show that people are more to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.
A. likely B. possible C. probable D. sure
【辨析】possible, likely, probable
possible 强调事情客观上有发生的可能，但这种可能性较小，究竟能否成为现实尚存疑虑。possible不能用人作主语，常用It is possible to do sth.; It is possible for sb.to do sth.; It is possible that ...等结构
likely 一般指表面上看来有可能，成为现实的可能性比possible要大。likely既可以用人也可以用物作主语，还可以用It is likely that ...结构替换
probable 一般指事情的发生是有根据的、合情理的或可信的，推理成分较重，所表示的事情成为现实的可能性在三个词中最大。probable不能用人作主语，表示某人可能做某事用It is probable that sb. ...结构
① It is , though not , that he will come tomorrow.
② She's very to ring me tonight.
③ Linda is to attend this lecture, but it is that she will be ten minutes late.
A. possible; likely B. likely; possible C. maybe; likely D. likely; possibly
【拓展阅读】
It was a dark and cold night. The car driver didn’t have even one passenger all day. When he went by the railway station, he saw a young man coming out with two bags in his hands. So he quickly opened the door of the car and asked, “Where do you want to go, sir ”
“To the Star Hotel,” the young man answered. When the car driver heard that, he didn’t feel happy. The young man would give him only three dollars because the hotel was not far from the railway station. But suddenly, he had an idea. He took the passenger through many streets of the big city.
After a long time, the car finally arrived at the hotel. “You should pay me fifteen dollars,” the car driver said to the young man. “What! Fifteen dollars Do you think I’m a fool Only last week I took a car from the railway station to this same hotel and I only gave the driver thirteen dollars. I know how much I have to pay for the trip. I won’t pay you one dollar more than I paid to the other car driver last week. ”
1. Which of the following is true ____________
A. The young man went past the railway station.
B. The young man was working in the railway station
C. The young man had just got off a train.
D. The you man was waiting for his friend there.
2. What do you think of the car driver __________
A.He was a nice and clever man. B. He liked to work very hard.
C. He was good at driving D. He was not an honest person.
3. The driver felt very _____ when he saw the young man coming out of the railway station.
A. sad B. sorry C. happy D. worried
4. From the passage we know that the young man__________.
A. knew clearly how far it was from the station to the hotel.
B. Had been to the hotel several times.
C. Didn’t want to stay in this city.
D. Must be a stranger and didn’t know the city very well.
5. The driver took the passenger through many streets so as to_________.
A. make the young man happy
B. let the young man think it was very far from the station to the hotel.
C. Let the young man have a good look at the city.
D. Get more than twenty dollars.
Period 4 Listening and Vocabulary,
Writing and Everyday English
Step 1 Finish Ex1 before listening
Step 2 Listen and do Ex 2
Step 3 Listen again and fill in the blanks.
Listen to the first part and fill in the blanks:
Good afternoon, and welcome to this week’s edition of _________ ___ ______. Today’s topic is a big one — it’s dinosaurs, those strange ________ which ruled the earth for no less than ____ ______ _____, some of them were _____ _____, others were like the infamous Tyrannosaurus Rex, carnivores who ____ ___ meat and who ________ the more peaceful plant eating dinosaurs. Not all dinosaurs were big — some were the size of ________, and in fact the closest things to dinosaurs living today are actually _____. But the mystery we are going to talk about today is why the dinosaurs suddenly disappeared exactly ___ ______ ______ ___, and to throw light on the subject we’ve invited one of the world’s ________ experts on the subject, from the Pitt Rivers Museum in Oxford, Dr Roger Binfield.
Listen to the second part of the interview and fill in the blanks.
(PRES = Presenter, DR = Dr Binfield)
PRES: Good afternoon, Dr Binfield, and welcome to the programme.
DR: Thank you.
PRES: I'm going to _____ _______ __ the point, even if I think there's not going to be an easy answer: why did the dinosaurs suddenly disappear, almost ________, 66 million years ago
DR: You're right. There’s no easy answer to that question, but there are lots of theories.
PRES: Such as
DR: Well, probably the most widely ________ theory is the _________ one...
PRES: You mean the earth was ___ by a meteorite from space
DR: Yes, that's right.
PRES: And the dinosaurs died immediately
DR: Not exactly, not all of them. The meteorite may have hit the earth with such force that it ______ a huge dust cloud, which stopped the sunlight from _______ ______ ... so there was no light, no heat, and no food.
PRES: But other animals ________
DR: Yes, smaller creatures like ________, which may have survived because they ate nuts and seeds.
PRES: What other theories are there
DR: Lots. The dinosaurs may have _______ ________, and been unable to _____ ___ changes in the climate. Or they might all have killed each other.
PRES: Is that possible
DR: Oh yes. They spent a lot of time _______. There again, it might have been _______ ________, not a meteorite, which sent up clouds of dust and cut off the light. One very recent theory says they ____ __ cancer.
PRES: Cancer You mean the dinosaurs ____ ____ because they fell ill
DR: Yes. __ __ _____ __ radiation coming from a dying star somewhere in our galaxy...
PRES: That sounds ________.
DR: Well, I think it's _______, but it's not __________.
PRES: Which theory do you believe
DR: I'd ___ ___ the meteorite. I think it's the most likely one. And in fact there is a _____ _____ in the Caribbean sea, off the coast of Mexico, where the meteorite may have landed...
Step 4 Language points:
1. If you can adapt to something , you can change in order to make the situation better.
【解析】adapt to 适应 adapt oneself to 使……适应 注意：to是介词
eg: He’s quick to adapt himself to living in the countryside.
The good thing about children is that they very easily to new environments.
A. attach B. adapt C. appeal D. apply
2. If you come straight to the point, you say what you want to say.
come straight to the point 开门见山
to the point 切题，中肯
That’s the point.. 那才是关键所在。
3. I’d go for the meteorite means .
go for 挑选；拿；努力追求；适用于
观察下面的句子，理解go for 的具体含义。
a. You should go for a good opportunity to show yourself.
b. He asked me to go for a game with him.
c. When she found the child still had a fever, the young mother decided to go for a doctor.
d. You like playing basketball and that goes for my child, too.
e. Most children go for cartoons.
f. The dog went for me when I opened the door.
Period 5 Grammar ---Modal verb+have done
一、 “must+have+done”
表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。
1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。
　2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。
二、 “can't+have+done”
表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。
1. Mr. Smith can’t have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。
2. Mary can't have stolen your money. She has gone home. 玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。
三、 “can+have+done”
表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”。
1. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out 屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？
2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone 到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？
四、 “could+have+done”
是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。
zazaHe could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。
五、 “may+have+done”
表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。
—What has happened to George
—I don't know. He may have got lost.
—乔治发生了什么事？
——我不知道，他可能迷路了。
六、 “might+have+done”
表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。
1. He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. (MET90) 他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。
2. She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances. 如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得更大的成绩。
七、 “would+have+done”
虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。
1. I would have told you all about the boy's story, but you didn't ask me. 我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。
2. Without your help, I wouldn't have achieved so much. 没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。
八、 “should+have+done”
意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。” “shouldn’t+have+done”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。
1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday. 汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。
2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldn't have been so harsh on him. 看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。
九、 “ought to+have+done”
表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理应做……”，往往表示遗憾。与“should+have+done”用法基本一样。
　 1. I ought to have gone home last Sunday. 我理应上星期日回家。
2. You ought not to have given him more help. 你不应该帮助他那么多。
十、 “need+have+done”
表示本来需要做某事而没有做。“needn’t+have+done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。
1. I needn’t have bought so much wine—only five people came. 我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。
2. He need have hurried to the station. In that case, be wouldn't have missed the train. 他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。
巩固性练习：从A、B、C、D中选择最佳答案。
1．---You didn’t wait for Mr. Smith last night, did you
---No, but we ______. He didn’t return home at all.
A. couldn’t have waited B. needn’t have
C. didn’t need to D. should wait
2．Harry ______ have won the Physics competition easily yesterday, but he gave up.
A. could B. might C. should D. must
3．---May I speak to your manager Mr. Smith at six o’clock tonight ”
---“I’m sorry, Mr. Smith to a conference before then.”
A. will have gone B. had gone C. would have gone D. has gone
4．---Tom took away our teacher’s cell phone without being permitted.
--- Really I can’t imagine that he _______ have done such a thing.
A. must B. may C. can D. should
5．--- Was it you that made the suggestion
--- It have been. I can’t remember.
A. need B. must C. should D. may
6．The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I________ the trouble to carry my
umbrella with me .
A. should have taken B. could have taken
C. needn't have taken D. mustn't have taken
7．He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free.
A. could B. would C. must D. need
8．I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She at the meeting .
A. mustn’t have spoken B. mightn’t have spoken
C. can’t have spoken D. shouldn’t have spoken
9．--- Hi, is that Peter Brown
---Sorry. You ______ the wrong number .
A. must dial B. must have dialed C. should dial D. should have dialed
10．I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car . They
______ at least 150 kilometers an hour .
A. should have been doing B. must have been doing
C. could have done D. would have done
11. He is not poor. You ____ have lent him the money.
A. can’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t
12. There was plenty of time. You ___ have hurried.
A. won’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. couldn’t
13.He paid for a seat, when he ___ have entered free.
A. could B. would C. must D. need
14. I ____ here in time, but I met an old friend of mine. I stopped and talked
with him for some time.
A. shouldn’t have come B. must have come
C. needn’t have come D. could have come
15. They ____ have finished the work yesterday, but it was raining hard.
A. must B. could C. should D. might
16. I didn’t hear the phone. I ____ asleep.
A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been
17. --- I rang your home yesterday. A man answered but I didn’t recognize the
voice.
--- On, it ___ my brother, Peter.
A. must be B. must have been C. can have been D. might be