2021-2022学年山东省烟台市高二上学期期中考试学业水平诊断英语试题
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，只交答题卡。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the speakers now
A. In Tokyo. B. In Boston. C. In Florida.
2. When will the speakers arrive in Beijing
A. On Sept. 4th. B. On Sept. 7th. C. On Sept. 10th.
3. How do the speakers find the lecture
A. Inspiring. B. Boring. C. Interesting.
4. What problem do the speakers have
A. They are sick.
B. They lack money.
C. They have no new clothes.
5. What is the woman doing now
A. Passing a hall.
B. Boarding a plane.
C. Seeing her daughter off.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Why does the man refuse to wear his sun hat
A. It is too hot. B. It looks funny. C. It can’t protect him from the sun.
7. What makes the man surprised
A. The woman gives him a coat.
B. The woman lets him wear his sun hat.
C. The woman doesn’t get him any protective clothing.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. Who will express the file to the man
A. Mandy. B. Cindy. C. Paul.
9. What will the woman do here
A. Find the file.
B. Prepare for a meeting.
C. Send an e-mail.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. What did Mark Zuckerberg promise
A. To donate most of his money.
B. To concentrate his life on Facebook.
C. To make more money from Facebook.
11. What made Mark Zuckerberg make the decision
A. The birth of his daughter.
B. The inequality for children.
C. The advance in human potential.
12. Who does the woman think is the most generous person in America
A. Mark Zuckerberg. B. Warren Buffett. C. Bill Gates.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. What will the woman learn on the course
A. Music. B. Photography. C. Art history.
14. How many times will the course run
A. Twice. B. Three times. C. Four times.
15. When will the woman start her summer course
A. In June. B. In August. C. In September.
16. What does the woman choose for her accommodation
A. A shared flat. B. A shared room. C. A shared house.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. When did most people have cell phones
A. Ten years ago. B. Twenty years ago. C. A long time ago.
18. When are smartphones most often used now
A. When people are working.
B. When people are walking.
C. When people are waiting.
19. What’s the speaker’s attitude toward the use of smartphones
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Indifferent.
20. What affects people’s sleep
A. The light of the screen.
B. The addiction of the game.
C. The weight of the smartphone.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Announcing the 2021 Tiny Desk Contest
Every year, we ask unsigned artists to send us their songs. These artists invite us into their communities and spaces and share the music they’ve been working so hard on. Getting to be among the first people to hear a great new song feels like being let in on the best secret. Through the Tiny Desk Contest, we get to share those desired secrets with the world. We’re excited to announce that the Tiny Desk Contest is back for 2021!
Since we started the Tiny Desk Contest in 2014, we’ve discovered new music from numerous artists from across the country. Our winners have gone on to do remarkable things such as winning Grammy awards, playing sold-out tours around the world and signing to major labels and we can’t wait to celebrate even more great music this year.
Here are rules you should follow to prevent disqualification.
·We’ll start accepting entries next Tuesday, November 23, at 10 a.m.
·Entries close at 11:59 p.m. on Monday, December 20.
·You must be an unsigned musician and at least 18 years old to enter.
·To enter, record a video of yourself playing one original song at a desk and upload it to YouTube.
·Enter by submitting your entry at npr.org/tinydeskcontest.
·The winner will play their very own Tiny Desk concert.
While there will only be one winner, we’ll be sharing tons of standout entries on this blog, in our videos and on social media. When the Contest has closed and our judges have picked their favorites, then we’ll start Tiny Desk Contest Top Shelf, a weekly livestreamed series where each judge will share their favorite entries on the NPR Music YouTube channel.
Big dreams have to start somewhere. Why not the Tiny Desk
1. Which of the following will result in disqualification
A. Entering as an unsigned elderly singer.
B. Mailing photos of a concert to YouTube.
C. Uploading your entry in early December.
D. Posting a video of playing your own song.
2. Who will decide on the winner of the Tiny Desk Contest
A. The audience. B. The judges.
C. The social media. D. The Grammy winners.
3. What’s the purpose of this text
A. To entertain readers.
B. To show a cultural phenomenon.
C. To share secrets of the music field.
D. To call for participation in a contest.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是2021年Tiny Desk音乐比赛相关事宜的通知。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Here are rules you should follow to prevent disqualification.（以下是你应该遵守的规则，以防止被取消资格）”中的“To enter, record a video of yourself playing one original song at a desk and upload it to YouTube.（参赛的人员请录制一段自己在办公桌前演唱原创歌曲的视频，并将其上传到 YouTube）”可知，需要把自己在办公桌前演唱原创歌曲的视频上传到YouTube。由此可知B项“上传音乐会的照片”是会被取消比赛资格的。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“When the Contest has closed and our judges have picked their favorites, then we’ll start Tiny Desk Contest Top Shelf, a weekly livestreamed series where each judge will share their favorite entries on the NPR Music YouTube channel.（当比赛结束，我们的评委已经选出了他们最喜欢的，然后我们将开始一个每周一次的直播系列-- Tiny Desk Contest Top Shelf，每个评委将在 NPR音乐YouTube 频道分享他们最喜欢的条目）”中的judges可知，由评委评出比赛的获胜者。故选B项。
3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，并根据最后一段“Big dreams have to start somewhere. Why not the Tiny Desk （伟大的梦想总得从某个地方开始，为什么不从Tiny Desk开始呢？）”可知，这篇文章是为了呼吁人参加比赛。故选D项。
B
Most students of UR will spend at least one evening at Tin Roof, the only bar located a block away from campus before they graduate. Kaleb Chitaphong, who spent numerous nights there as an undergraduate, bought the place.
Chitaphong didn’t intend to own a bar after graduation, instead hoping to follow his Political Science education through to a Ph.D., and probably find a career in academia. But when his frequented place was facing closure last year during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic (疫情), Chitaphong decided he couldn’t let that happen. “I grew up in this area, so when finding out the business was closing, I contacted the owner. Initially, I had no plans to buy it. But when we got talking more, things worked out and I was able to gain ownership,” he said.
Chitaphong has experience in the restaurant industry from his family. But even with background knowledge, he still had a crash course in owning a bar the hard way-learning the laws, earning his alcohol license, understanding requirements-all during the pandemic. Chitaphong reopened the restaurant this past February, starting small.
Although loved by students, Chitaphong’s hope for Tin Roof is to attract local residents as well. “It’s important for me to have a place where everybody can come and have a good time,” he said. While Chitaphong wants to have a bar that isn’t exclusive to just UR students, he also wants to remain close to campus life. “I want it to be a UR bar, in whatever way that means,” he expressed. “I’ve talked to sports teams of UR to get some jerseys (球衣) hung up.”
As COVID-19 limitation continues to ease up, Chitaphong has plans to host more events. In addition to Disco Tuesdays, he recently added Karaoke Fridays. He’s also planning cooperation with UR’s Standup Comedy to try out Stand-Up Wednesdays.
Despite his big plans, Tin Roof isn’t Chitaphong’s end game. He may open up another business. But right now he’s focusing on this space to make it the best time for as many people as possible.
4. What was the root cause of Chitaphong taking over the bar
A. His intention of running a business.
B. His emotional attachment to the bar.
C. His positive attitude to the pandemic.
D. His friendship with the boss of the bar.
5. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about concerning Chitaphong
A. His family background.
B. His academic performance.
C. The characteristics of his restaurant.
D. Hard preparations of starting his bar.
6. What does the underlined word “exclusive” mean in paragraph 4
A. Familiar. B. Near.
C. Specific. D. Harmful.
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Tin Roof: The Home of UR Students
B. Chitaphong: A Business -minded Graduate
C. UR Graduate Brings New Life to Tin Roof
D. How Does a Bar Regain Its Appeal to the Public
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了UR 的毕业生Kaleb Chitaphong因不愿意看到自己经常光顾的餐馆倒闭而接管了餐馆，最后经营成功的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“But when his frequented place was facing closure last year during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic (疫情), Chitaphong decided he couldn’t let that happen. (但在去年新冠肺炎疫情最严重的时候，他经常光顾的餐馆面临关闭，他决定不能让这种情况发生。)”以及他所说“I grew up in this area, so when finding out the business was closing, I contacted the owner. (我是在这个地区长大的，所以当我发现这家店要关门时，我联系了店主。)”可知，Chitaphong接管酒吧的根本原因是他对酒吧的感情依恋。故选B项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中“But even with background knowledge, he still had a crash course in owning a bar the hard way-learning the laws, earning his alcohol license, understanding requirements-all during the pandemic. (但是，即使有了背景知识，他仍然接受了关于如何艰难地拥有一家酒吧的速成课程——学习法律，获得酒类执照，理解各种要求——所有这些都是在疫情期间完成的。)”可知，第3段主要讲的是Chitaphong开办酒吧的艰难准备。故选D项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。第4段中划线词句前文“Although loved by students, Chitaphong’s hope for Tin Roof is to attract local residents as well. (尽管受到学生们的喜爱，Chitaphong希望铁皮屋顶也能吸引当地居民。)”说明Chitaphong希望他的酒吧能吸引更多的人，而不是专门面对学生的，从而推知划线词句“While Chitaphong wants to have a bar that isn’t exclusive to just UR students, he also wants to remain close to campus life. (Chitaphong希望拥有一个不只是exclusive于弗吉尼亚大学学生的酒吧，他也希望离校园生活更近。)”其中划线词汇应为“专门的，专属的”的意思，选项C“专用的；特定的”与之意义最为接近。故选C项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段中“But when his frequented place was facing closure last year during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic (疫情), Chitaphong decided he couldn’t let that happen. (但在去年新冠肺炎疫情最严重的时候，他经常光顾的餐馆面临关闭，他决定不能让这种情况发生。)”以及最后一段中“Despite his big plans, Tin Roof isn’t Chitaphong’s end game. (尽管他有宏伟的计划，铁皮屋顶并不是Chitaphong的终极目标。)”等内容可知，本文主要讲述了大学生Kaleb Chitaphong因不愿意看到自己经常光顾的餐馆倒闭而接管了餐馆，最后经营成功的故事。选项C“UR的毕业生为Tin Roof带来新生命”突出主题，适合做标题。故选C项。
C
The e-bike industry is exploding around the world as people adopt the idea of an environmentally-friendly alternative for the daily trips and a way to enjoy the outdoors. Creative minds are introducing e-bike innovations like creative new body styles. Evie Bee a woodworker, model maker and university student, has combined her passions into a unique and beautiful wooden e-bike she calls Electraply.
The design was inspired by Bee’s love for the motorcycles of the past and the desire to honour and continue this design classic through a modern interpretation.
Electraply is composed primarily of materials of a sustainably sourced tree-poplar ply, which is the inspiration for the name. The use of wood threatened to make the bike too heavy, but Bee used poplar ply for the central frame (框架) so it was no heavier than an ordinary e-bike.
For the original bike, Bee collected the forks from an old jump bike. The decision resulted in the use of V-brakes (刹车) in the design. She says it’s not ideal but works for now, admitting, “The forks shall certainly be the first thing I upgrade once I have the money.” There are safety features to balance the system; the front brake is wired to the motor, causing it to turn off when the brakes are pressed.
Unlike most e-bikes, Bee didn’t try to hide the battery. In fact, she put it front and center. She explained, “The bike design was inspired by motorbikes, which have their gas tanks (油箱) visible. I wanted to carry this through into my own design, but change the gas tank for a battery!”
Bee is currently working on developing a Kickstarter campaign for Electraply with hopes of mass-producing and marketing it at some point. For those interested in working from the knowledge she’s developed in the process, she’s written two e-books she has posted on her website. One covers the design process for creating the bike, while the second details the construction process of turning the design into a real-life functioning e-bike.
8. What character of poplar ply is taken into consideration when used for the central frame
A. Its security. B. Its strength.
C. Its intensity. D. Its weight.
9. Which of the following can best describe Bee’s present V-brakes of Electraply
A. Risky. B. Delicate.
C. Unsatisfactory. D. Useless.
10. What’s the difference between Bee’s e-bike and most other e-bikes
A. Bee’s e-bike was environment friendly.
B. Bee’s e-bike had the battery put in easy view.
C. Bee’s e-bike owned more advanced safety features.
D. Bee’s e-bike was powered by both gas and solar electricity.
11. What is Bee expecting of Electraply
A. It’ll be made into production.
B. It’ll help raise money for charity.
C. It’ll enable her e-books to be bestsellers.
D. It’ll stimulate people’s curiosity about science.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍Evie Bee发明了一款木质电动自行车—Electraply。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The use of wood threatened to make the bike too heavy, but Bee used poplar ply for the central frame (框架) so it was no heavier than an ordinary e-bike.（木材的使用可能会使电动车太重，但Bee使用杨木胶合板为中心框架，所以它不比普通的电动自行车重。）”可知，中心框架采用杨木胶合板时考虑了它的重量。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“She says it’s not ideal but works for now, admitting, “The forks shall certainly be the first thing I upgrade once I have the money.”（ 她说这不是很理想，但目前还可以，她承认：“一旦我有了钱，叉子肯定是我升级的第一件事。”）”中的not ideal可知，目前的电动V型刹车不太令人满意。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Unlike most e-bikes, Bee didn’t try to hide the battery.（与大多数电动自行车不同，比没有试图隐藏电池。）”可知，与传统电动自行车相比，Bee的电动自行车的电池放在容易看到的位置。故选B项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Bee is currently working on developing a Kickstarter campaign for Electraply with hopes of mass-producing and marketing it at some point.（Bee 目前正在为Electraply 开发一个Kickstarter活动，希望能在某个时候大规模生产和销售。）”可知，Bee希望大规模生产电动自行车。故选A项。
D
Much of the Amazon’s biodiversity (生物多样性) is under fire-literally. In the last two decades, deforestation (滥伐) and forest fire ate into the ranges of thousands of plant and animal species in the Amazon rainforest.
The extent of the damage is closely tied to the practice of laws in Brazil aimed at protecting the forest from widespread logging (伐木). The findings illustrate the key role that forest use laws have in the fortune of the Amazon rainforest.
Threats to the survival of this biodiversity could have long-term effects. Biodiversity promotes a forest’s resistance to drought. If fire-impacted area continues to rise, not only does the Amazon lose forest cover, but also some of its capacity to deal with the changing climate.
“With fires advancing deeper into the rainforest, more species will experience fire for the first time. These species have not evolved (进化) under conditions with regular fires, so the consequences for those species, like increased risk of population declines or extinction, can be severe,” says Xiao Feng, a biogeographer at Florida State University.
“But we don’t know how fires are impacting the biodiversity across the Amazon basin,” says Feng. The Amazon is a huge area. It’s generally impossible to go there and count the number of species before the fire and after it. So Feng and his team instead investigated how Amazonian plant and animal species’ geographic ranges have been affected by recent fires. The team gathered range maps of 11,514 plant and 3,079 animal species and compared these maps with satellite images of Amazon forest cover from 2001 to 2019. Those images let the team track how logging and fires have led to the reduction of rainforest.
Starting in 2009, when a series of rules aimed at reducing deforestation started being performed, the extent of fires generally decreased. Then in 2019, fires rose back up again, co-occurring with a relaxation of rules. Much of the fire-driven forest loss was concentrated along the more intensely logged southern reaches of the rainforest.
The change suggests effective forest protection laws can slow this trend of destruction and are essential for preventing the region from reaching a tipping point.
12. What does Feng mean based on paragraph 4
A. Not all species will survive the fire.
B. The forest badly needs regular fires.
C. All species will die out after the fire.
D. The fire will change survival skills of species.
13. How did Feng’s team draw the conclusion about fires’ effect on biodiversity
A. By taking field trips. B. By doing experiments.
C. By referring to geography books. D. By making comparisons.
14. Why did fires occur more frequently in the Amazon forest in 2019
A. Severe drought kept on striking.
B. The new species had no time to evolve.
C. Rules of controlling logging weren’t strictly carried out.
D. The rainforest’s resistance to the changing climate weakened.
15. Where is this text most likely from
A. A science magazine. B. A personal diary.
C. A travel brochure. D. A research plan.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。森林大火导致亚马逊森林生物多样性遭到严重破坏。研究表明，森林保护法律可以延缓这种破坏。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段““With fires advancing deeper into the rainforest, more species will experience fire for the first time. These species have not evolved (进化) under conditions with regular fires, so the consequences for those species, like increased risk of population declines or extinction, can be severe,” says Xiao Feng, a biogeographer at Florida State University.（“随着火势向热带雨林深处蔓延，更多的物种将首次经历火灾。这些物种还没有在经常发生火灾的条件下进化，所以对这些物种的后果可能很严重，比如种群数量下降或灭绝的风险增加，”佛罗里达州立大学的生物地理学家Xiao Feng说）”可推知，不是所有的物种都能在火灾中幸存。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“The team gathered range maps of 11,514 plant and 3,079 animal species and compared these maps with satellite images of Amazon forest cover from 2001 to 2019.（研究小组收集了11514种植物和3079种动物的分布图，并将这些分布图与2001年至2019年亚马逊森林覆盖率的卫星图像进行了比较）”中的compared可知，Xiao的团队是通过作比较来得出结论的。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Starting in 2009, when a series of rules aimed at reducing deforestation started being performed, the extent of fires generally decreased. Then in 2019, fires rose back up again, co-occurring with a relaxation of rules.（从2009年开始，当一系列旨在减少毁林的规定开始实施时，火灾的程度普遍下降。然后在2019年，火灾再次升起，与放宽规则同时发生）”可知，2019年亚马逊森林火灾更频繁的原因是控制伐木的规则没有严格执行。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，并根据第一段“Much of the Amazon’s biodiversity (生物多样性) is under fire-literally. In the last two decades, deforestation (滥伐) and forest fire ate into the ranges of thousands of plant and animal species in the Amazon rainforest.（亚马逊的大部分生物多样性正受到大火的严重破坏。在过去的二十年里，森林砍伐和森林大火侵蚀了亚马孙雨林数以千计的动植物物种）”可知，文章主要介绍了森林大火对亚马逊雨林生物多样性的影响，由此可推测这篇文章很可能来自一本科学杂志。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Speak Confidently in Public
Giving a speech to public is an art. ____16____ However, there are some general guidelines that can enable anyone to address in public.
The speaker must be self-confident. Look confident, even if you don’t feel it. When speaking without confidence, people unknowingly overly increase or decrease their voice volume (音量) or move their body parts. ____17____ Self-confidence, which makes a speaker seem more convincing and charming to the public, is the only solution to this difficulty.
____18____ A speech should be easy to understand. Professional expressions must be avoided along with terms which may cause confusion among masses. It is highly recommended that speech should be checked with experienced speakers for proofreading and recommendations. Mistakes should be avoided at all cost and there should not be any misleading or double meaning sentences in the speech.
Another important thing to keep in mind while speaking to the public should be the class of the audience to whom one has to address. Don’t memorize your speech or practice it word for word. For example, while addressing a group of businessmen, stress can be laid on economic activities and profits which will naturally appeal to them. ____19____
Speaking to the public may seem challenging at first. ____20____ Constant practice will allow you to get well at addressing the public.
A. Yet practice makes perfect.
B. Stay focused on what you are saying.
C. It is also a fun and rewarding experience.
D. The clearness of the message matters most.
E. Like any other one, it takes time, patience and talents to master it.
F This can be very noticeable to the audience and leave a bad impression.
G. Briefly, one has to address proper class and target their attention with proper language.
【答案】16 E 17. F 18. D 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了如何在公共场合自信地演讲的一些技巧和方法。
【16题详解】
由下文“However, there are some general guidelines that can enable anyone to address in public.”（然而，有一些一般性的指导原则，可以让任何人在公共场合发表讲话。）可推断此处描述“要做到在公共场合自信演讲需要一定的能力”，结合E项” Like any other one, it takes time, patience and talents to master it.”(像其他人一样，掌握它需要时间、耐心和才能。)符合题意。故选E。
【17题详解】
由上文“When speaking without confidence, people unknowingly overly increase or decrease their voice volume (音量) or move their body parts.”（当没有自信地说话时，人们会不知不觉地过度增加或降低音量或者移动他们的身体部位。），可知此处内容与F项的“a bad impression”相对应。故选F。
【18题详解】
由下文“A speech should be easy to understand.”（演讲应该容易理解），可推断“信息的清晰性是最重要的”。D选项“The clearness of the message”信息符合。故选D。
【19题详解】
由上文“Another important thing to keep in mind while speaking to the public should be the class of the audience to whom one has to address.”（ 在向公众演讲时，另一个需要记住的重要事情应该是符合听众的类别。），可知演讲也要适时调整，符合听众的需要。G选项“简单地说，一个人必须在适当的课堂上讲话，并用适当的语言吸引他们的注意力。”符合题意。故选G。
【20题详解】
由下文“Constant practice will allow you to get well at addressing the public.”（不断的练习将使你能够很好地向公众发表演讲。）可知“熟能生巧”的道理。结合A项“Yet practice makes perfect.”，符合题意。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Around me were people lining up to climb the man made “mountain’. Out of it ____21____ some specific rocks for climbers to stand on and hold on to. Near me were my parents, who at times smiled at me ____22____. But with the ____23____ moving steadily, I got increasingly nervous.
The mountain was made for three people to climb at a time, with safety ropes attached to each climber. There were three sections-easy, medium and difficult to climb. ____24____ I was a little kid aged 10, I took the easy section. I could have changed my ____25____, but I thought that would make me look scared.
I ____26____ all the terrible things that might happen. Maybe I could ____27____ with tons of people watching me. Or I could take a while to climb and the people would get ____28____. Finally, it was my ____29____. Butterflies in stomach, I put on the safety ropes and placed my ____30____ on one rock and my foot on another, slowly heading toward the top.
Suddenly, the next rock was out of reach for my hand. There was nowhere for my feet to step on to ____31____ me. The only ____32____ was to lift my weight using only my arms! Unwilling to ____33____, I gathered my courage and strength and grabbed a rock with both my hands. I made it!
When I rang the bell at the top to signal I had ____34____ my turn, I received warm applause from my parents and the people below. Despite my tired legs and arms, this memory of me overcoming ____35____ will always be an important experience.
21. A. grew B. jumped C. hung D. stuck
22. A. restlessly B. encouragingly C. helplessly D. cheerfully
23. A. line B. chance C. audience D. stage
24. A. While B. Since C. Unless D. Until
25. A. mind B. mood C. role D. behavior
26. A. came across B. dealt with C. thought of D. pointed out
27. A. perform B. complain C. relax D. fall
28. A. confused B. pressured C. silent D. impatient
29. A. choice B. task C. turn D. reply
30. A. finger B. hand C. shoulder D. knee
31. A. direct B. protect C. raise D. drag
32. A. purpose B. solution C. suggestion D. reason
33. A. hesitate B. cheat C. quit D. refuse
34. A. finished B. risked C. expected D. missed
35. A. disappointment B. shyness C. injury D. fear
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了作者在攀岩过程中的感受和内心活动，作者最后成功登顶，意识到克服恐惧的记忆将永远是一个重要的经历。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：上面粘有一些特殊的岩石，供攀登者站立和抓住。A. grew成长；B. jumped跳跃；C. hung悬挂；D. stuck 粘，贴。根据上文“Around me were people lining up to climb the man made “mountain’.”可知，这是一座人造山，所以是粘有一些特殊的岩石，供攀登者站立和抓住。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我旁边是我的父母，他们不时对我微笑，鼓励我。A. restlessly不安地；B. encouragingly鼓励地；C. helplessly无助地；D. cheerfully高兴地。根据上文“Near me were my parents, who at times smiled at me”以及常识可知，父母是在微笑鼓励作者。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着队伍的稳步移动，我越来越紧张。A. line队伍；B. chance机会；C. audience观众；D. stage舞台。呼应上文“Around me were people lining up”指队伍在慢慢移动。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：从我10岁的时候起，我就选择了简单的部分。A. While当……时候；B. Since自从；C. Unless除非；D. Until直到。引导时间状语从句，表示“自从”应用since。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我本可以改变主意的，但我觉得那样会显得我很害怕。A. mind思维；B. mood情绪；C. role角色；D. behavior行为。根据上文“I could have changed my”表示“改变主意”短语为change one’s mind。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想到了所有可能发生的可怕的事情。A. came across偶遇；B. dealt with处理；C. thought of想到；D. pointed out指出。根据后文“all the terrible things that might happen”可知作者脑海里想到了所有可能发生的可怕的事情。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许我可能在无数人的注视下摔倒。A. perform表演；B. complain抱怨；C. relax放松；D. fall摔倒，落下。根据后文“with tons of people watching me”以及作者当时要去攀岩，可知是在众人注视下摔倒。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：或者我花太多时间爬上去，人们就会不耐烦了。A. confused困惑的；B. pressured紧迫的；C. silent沉默的；D. impatient无耐心的。根据上文“Or I could take a while to climb and the people would get”可知，作者设想自己花的时间太多，人们等得不耐烦。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，轮到我了。A. choice选择；B. task任务；C. turn转弯，轮次；D. reply回应。呼应后文“my turn”指轮到作者，应用it be one’s turn。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我心里七上八下，系上安全绳，手放在一块岩石上，脚放在另一块岩石上，慢慢地朝顶上走去。A. finger手指；B. hand手；C. shoulder肩膀；D. knee膝盖。根据后文“on one rock and my foot on another”可知，攀岩要手脚并用，所以手放在一块岩石上，脚放在另一块岩石上，后文“Suddenly, the next rock was out of reach for my hand.”也是提示。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有地方让我的脚踩上去支撑我。A. direct指导；B. protect保护；C. raise支撑，提升；D. drag拖。根据上文“There was nowhere for my feet to step on to”可知，作者的脚没有支撑点可以踩了，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：唯一的解决办法就是只用我的手臂来举起我的重量！A. purpose目的；B. solution解决方案；C. suggestion建议；D. reason理由。上文提到作者的脚没有支撑点可以踩了，所以唯一的解决办法就是只用手臂来举起身体的重量。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不愿放弃，我鼓足勇气和力量，用双手抓起一块石头。A. hesitate犹豫；B. cheat欺骗；C. quit停止；D. refuse拒绝。根据后文“I gathered my courage and strength and grabbed a rock with both my hands. I made it!”可知，作者继续向上爬并成功了，说明不愿意放弃。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我按了顶上的铃，表示我已经完成，我得到了父母和下面的人的热烈掌声。A. finished结束；B. risked冒险；C. expected期待；D. missed错过。根据上文“When I rang the bell at the top to signal”可知，作者爬上了顶端，完成了攀岩。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我的腿和胳膊很累，但克服恐惧的记忆将永远是一个重要的经历。A. disappointment失望；B. shyness害羞；C. injury受伤；D. fear恐惧。根据上文“this memory of me overcoming”以及“I thought that would make me look scared.”可知，作者在攀岩中克服了恐惧。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
While the Majale River in Botswana only flows for a few months of the year, there is plenty of water to be found under the surface. Aware ____36____ this, the area’s animals frequently visit the dry riverbed ____37____ (dig) up the water and satisfy their thirst.
In late August, Wildlife filmmaker Kim was searching the area, ____38____ (hope) to see an elephant herd (群) in action. She had driven a few kilometers along the riverbank when she ____39____ (notice) an elephant herd making their way up.
Things went smoothly at first. Two team members effortlessly climbed up the riverbank and disappeared. The rest of the family, which ____40____ (lead) by a female elephant, followed closely behind. They were doing well until a baby elephant, much ____41____ (thin) than other baby ones, got stuck on the steepest (陡) part. Not realizing ____42____ (it) trouble, the mother kept moving ahead. Fortunately, the herd’s responsible leader stayed behind to ensure everyone made it up safely. She ____43____ (gentle) pushed the helpless baby elephant up the tricky place.
____44____ happened in front of Kim made her excited. And she was even more excited to have captured the heartwarming video of the scene. She said that elephants are caring animals that deserve human love and _____45_____ (admire).
【答案】36. of 37. to dig
38. hoping 39. noticed
40. were led
41. thinner
42. its 43. gently
44. What 45. admiration
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。八月下旬，野生动物电影制片人Kim在博茨瓦纳的马贾勒河附近用相机拍到一象群的暖心一幕，并由此感叹，大象是有爱心的动物，值得人类爱戴和赞赏。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：意识到这一点，这个地区的动物们经常来到干涸的河床上挖水解渴。be aware of为固定搭配，意为“意识到”。故填of。
【37题详解】
考查不定式。句意：意识到这一点，这个地区的动物们经常来到干涸的河床上挖水解渴。分析句子可知，空处应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to dig。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：八月下旬，野生动物电影制片人Kim正在这一地区进行搜索，希望能看到一个象群在活动。分析句子可知，空处应使用非谓语动词作状语，由于hope与所修饰词Kim之间是主动关系，应使用现在分词。故填hoping。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：她沿着河岸驱车行驶了几公里，这时她注意到一个象群正在上来。根据后文“Things went smoothly at first.”可知，句子应使用一般过去时。故填noticed。
【40题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：这个家庭的其他成员由一头母象带领，紧随其后。分析句子可知，句子应使用一般过去时，由于led与所修饰词which（指代The rest of the family，复数）之间是被动关系，谓语动词应使用were led。故填were led。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一切都很顺利，直到一头小象——比其他小象要瘦得多——被卡在了最陡峭的地方。根据空后的than可知，空处应使用形容词比较级。故填thinner。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：母亲没有意识到自己的麻烦，继续向前走。分析句子可知，应使用形容词性物主代词its，作定语，修饰名词trouble。故填its。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：她轻轻地把那只无助的小象推出了危险的地方。修饰动词pushed应使用副词。故填gently。
【44题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：在Kim面前发生的一切让她兴奋不已。分析句子可知，空处应使用what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。句子首字母大写。故填What。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：她说，大象是有爱心的动物，值得人类爱戴和赞赏。根据空前的love and可知，空处应使用名词，作deserve的宾语，抽象名词，不可数，故填admiration。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华。你校将举行主题为“秋收”的画展。请给国际学校的留学生朋友Eric写封邮件，邀请他一起参观，内容包括：
1.展览时间、地点；2.展览主题、特色。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Eric,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Eric，
Knowing you’re fond of painting, I’m writing to invite you to join me in the painting exhibition to be held this Sunday in our school Art Hall.
The exhibition, with the theme “Harvest in Autumn”, offers us an opportunity to appreciate all award-winning works from the recent school painting contest. Showing the best of autumn, the works will surely impress us. We can truly feel students’ love of nature and joy from harvest and exchange ideas about the paintings.
If you’re interested, please e-mail me and we can fix a time to enjoy the exhibition together.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生邀请外国朋友参加一个画展，并介绍画展的时间地点及主体特色。
【详解】词汇积累
喜欢：be fond of →enjoy
机会：opportunity→chance
提供：offer→provide
参加：join in=take part in
句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The exhibition, with the theme “Harvest in Autumn”, offers us an opportunity to appreciate all award-winning works from the recent school painting contest.
拓展句：The exhibition, whose theme is “Harvest in Autumn”, offers us an opportunity to appreciate all award-winning works from the recent school painting contest.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Knowing you’re fond of painting, I’m writing to invite you to join me in the painting exhibition to be held this Sunday in our school Art Hall.（运用了分词做状语和省略了that的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]Showing the best of autumn, the works will surely impress us.（运用了分词作状语）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Turning Point
I used to be a cold-hearted individual who lived in nothing but a world of my own. Unexpectedly, there was a time in my life when everything changed. A sunshine suddenly arose from my heart, opening its door to a new world where I was the key in helping those in need of a hand.
I was a freshman in high school when I stepped in our local nursing home, complaining about having to volunteer there on weekends because my mom had asked me to. Anyway, when I pulled into the parking lot, I realized how different the place was. It was nice and clean with elders everywhere. As I checked in at the front desk for my first service hours, I received a stream of greetings from the surrounding people. It felt as good as breathing in love, which filled me with sudden warmth.
Shelby, the lady in charge of community service, assigned me to watch for the elder in room 111. My job was to help with anything she needed. At first I thought this was the beginning of a nightmare, but it turned out to be something completely different.
After listening to Shelby’s instructions, I walked toward my destination and knocked softly at the door, asking if I could come in. A voice came from inside answering yes. I stepped inside and introduced myself, with an explanation of why I was there. Meanwhile, I took a look around. The white walls were almost covered in picture frames. I could tell from the pictures she must have been a teacher before. While I was looking around, she introduced herself as Marie Brown, going to be 80 in two months. Her face marked by wrinkles of wisdom could really tell me her life story.
“So you’ve been here for a while ” I asked. For a minute it was all silent, and then she answered yes with a very sad voice, adding that she had no family. Realizing I had asked the wrong question, I felt bad, for the first time, for hurting someone’ s feelings, especially this lonely elder’s.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Seeing my embarrassment, Marie smiled at me and signed to me to sit by her.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Touched by her stories, I determined to give Marie care, company and even surprises.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Para 1:
Seeing my embarrassment, Marie smiled at me and signed to me to sit by her. Saying softly, “Never mind, I’ve been used to it,” she patted me on the arm, attempting to cheer me up. Learning I was in high school, Marie was lost in thought and started to talk about her old days as a teacher, from which I could sense her deep love for her students. Then she showed the pictures hanging on the walls, excitedly sharing her stories concerning her students and proudly introducing what each of them was up to.
Para 2:
Touched by her stories, I determined to give Marie care, company and even surprises. I’d call on Marie, chatting with her and doing everything I could for her. On her 80th birthday, with the help of Shelby and other elders, I held a grand party and managed to invite some of her students to come. When I accompanied Marie into the party, all present rose, clapping smilingly and wishing her happy birthday. The big surprise brought excited tears to her eyes, her wrinkled face glowing with happiness. Bathed in the heart-warming atmosphere, I felt so delighted to have lit up an old teacher’s life and made a difference to her.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者曾经是一个冷血的人，只活在自己的世界里。有一次作者在妈妈的要求下周末去当地养老院做志愿者，认识了一个名叫Marie Brown的老人，她没有家人。作者在和Marie相处的过程中，被她的故事所感动，还为她举办了一个盛大的生日派对。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“看到我的尴尬，Marie对我笑了笑，示意我坐在她旁边。”可知，第一段可描写作者和Marie相处的经过，以及Marie讲述自己的过去。
②由第二段首句内容“被她的故事感动了，我决定照顾Marie，陪伴她，甚至给她惊喜。”可知，第二段可描写作者为Marie举办生日派对的经过。
2.续写线索：Marie讲述自己的过去——Marie分享自己的故事——作者受到感动——作者为Marie举办派对——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
习惯：be used to/get used to
尝试：attempt to/ try to
决定：be determined to/ decide to
情绪类
感动：touched /moved
高兴：delighted / pleased
【点睛】[高分句型1] Learning I was in high school, Marie was lost in thought and started to talk about her old days as a teacher, from which I could sense her deep love for her students. (运用了“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Then she showed the pictures hanging on the walls, excitedly sharing her stories concerning her students and proudly introducing what each of them was up to. (运用了what引导宾语从句)
听力答案：1－5 CABBC 6－10BCBCA 11－15 ACBAB 16－20 AACBA2021-2022学年度第一学期期中学业水平诊断
高二英语
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，只交答题卡。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 Where are the speakers now
A. In Tokyo. B. In Boston. C. In Florida.
2. When will the speakers arrive in Beijing
A. On Sept. 4th. B. On Sept. 7th. C. On Sept. 10th.
3. How do the speakers find the lecture
A. Inspiring. B. Boring. C. Interesting.
4. What problem do the speakers have
A. They are sick.
B. They lack money.
C They have no new clothes.
5. What is the woman doing now
A. Passing a hall.
B. Boarding a plane.
C. Seeing her daughter off.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Why does the man refuse to wear his sun hat
A. It is too hot. B. It looks funny. C. It can’t protect him from the sun.
7. What makes the man surprised
A. The woman gives him a coat.
B. The woman lets him wear his sun hat.
C. The woman doesn’t get him any protective clothing.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. Who will express the file to the man
A. Mandy. B. Cindy. C. Paul.
9. What will the woman do here
A. Find the file.
B. Prepare for a meeting.
C. Send an e-mail.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. What did Mark Zuckerberg promise
A. To donate most of his money.
B. To concentrate his life on Facebook.
C. To make more money from Facebook.
11. What made Mark Zuckerberg make the decision
A. The birth of his daughter.
B. The inequality for children.
C. The advance in human potential.
12. Who does the woman think is the most generous person in America
A. Mark Zuckerberg. B. Warren Buffett. C. Bill Gates.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. What will the woman learn on the course
A. Music. B. Photography. C. Art history.
14. How many times will the course run
A. Twice. B. Three times. C. Four times.
15. When will the woman start her summer course
A. In June. B. In August. C. In September.
16. What does the woman choose for her accommodation
A. A shared flat. B. A shared room. C. A shared house.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. When did most people have cell phones
A. Ten years ago. B. Twenty years ago. C. A long time ago.
18. When are smartphones most often used now
A. When people are working.
B. When people are walking.
C. When people are waiting.
19. What’s the speaker’s attitude toward the use of smartphones
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Indifferent.
20. What affects people’s sleep
A. The light of the screen.
B. The addiction of the game.
C. The weight of the smartphone.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Announcing the 2021 Tiny Desk Contest
Every year, we ask unsigned artists to send us their songs. These artists invite us into their communities and spaces and share the music they’ve been working so hard on. Getting to be among the first people to hear a great new song feels like being let in on the best secret. Through the Tiny Desk Contest, we get to share those desired secrets with the world. We’re excited to announce that the Tiny Desk Contest is back for 2021!
Since we started the Tiny Desk Contest in 2014, we’ve discovered new music from numerous artists from across the country. Our winners have gone on to do remarkable things such as winning Grammy awards, playing sold-out tours around the world and signing to major labels and we can’t wait to celebrate even more great music this year.
Here are rules you should follow to prevent disqualification.
·We’ll start accepting entries next Tuesday, November 23, at 10 a.m.
·Entries close at 11:59 p.m. on Monday, December 20.
·You must be an unsigned musician and at least 18 years old to enter.
·To enter, record a video of yourself playing one original song at a desk and upload it to YouTube.
·Enter by submitting your entry at npr.org/tinydeskcontest.
·The winner will play their very own Tiny Desk concert.
While there will only be one winner, we’ll be sharing tons of standout entries on this blog, in our videos and on social media. When the Contest has closed and our judges have picked their favorites, then we’ll start Tiny Desk Contest Top Shelf, a weekly livestreamed series where each judge will share their favorite entries on the NPR Music YouTube channel.
Big dreams have to start somewhere. Why not the Tiny Desk
1. Which of the following will result in disqualification
A. Entering as an unsigned elderly singer.
B. Mailing photos of a concert to YouTube.
C. Uploading your entry in early December.
D. Posting a video of playing your own song.
2. Who will decide on the winner of the Tiny Desk Contest
A. The audience. B. The judges.
C. The social media. D. The Grammy winners.
3. What’s the purpose of this text
A. To entertain readers.
B. To show a cultural phenomenon.
C. To share secrets of the music field.
D. To call for participation in a contest.
B
Most students of UR will spend at least one evening at Tin Roof, the only bar located a block away from campus before they graduate. Kaleb Chitaphong, who spent numerous nights there as an undergraduate, bought the place.
Chitaphong didn’t intend to own a bar after graduation, instead hoping to follow his Political Science education through to a Ph.D., and probably find a career in academia. But when his frequented place was facing closure last year during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic (疫情), Chitaphong decided he couldn’t let that happen. “I grew up in this area, so when finding out the business was closing, I contacted the owner. Initially, I had no plans to buy it. But when we got talking more, things worked out and I was able to gain ownership,” he said.
Chitaphong has experience in the restaurant industry from his family. But even with background knowledge, he still had a crash course in owning a bar the hard way-learning the laws, earning his alcohol license, understanding requirements-all during the pandemic. Chitaphong reopened the restaurant this past February, starting small.
Although loved by students, Chitaphong’s hope for Tin Roof is to attract local residents as well. “It’s important for me to have a place where everybody can come and have a good time,” he said. While Chitaphong wants to have a bar that isn’t exclusive to just UR students, he also wants to remain close to campus life. “I want it to be a UR bar, in whatever way that means,” he expressed. “I’ve talked to sports teams of UR to get some jerseys (球衣) hung up.”
As COVID-19 limitation continues to ease up, Chitaphong has plans to host more events. In addition to Disco Tuesdays, he recently added Karaoke Fridays. He’s also planning cooperation with UR’s Standup Comedy to try out Stand-Up Wednesdays.
Despite his big plans, Tin Roof isn’t Chitaphong’s end game. He may open up another business. But right now he’s focusing on this space to make it the best time for as many people as possible.
4. What was the root cause of Chitaphong taking over the bar
A. His intention of running a business.
B. His emotional attachment to the bar.
C. His positive attitude to the pandemic.
D. His friendship with the boss of the bar.
5. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about concerning Chitaphong
A. His family background.
B. His academic performance.
C. The characteristics of his restaurant.
D. Hard preparations of starting his bar.
6. What does the underlined word “exclusive” mean in paragraph 4
A. Familiar. B. Near.
C. Specific. D. Harmful.
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A Tin Roof: The Home of UR Students
B. Chitaphong: A Business -minded Graduate
C. UR Graduate Brings New Life to Tin Roof
D. How Does a Bar Regain Its Appeal to the Public
C
The e-bike industry is exploding around the world as people adopt the idea of an environmentally-friendly alternative for the daily trips and a way to enjoy the outdoors. Creative minds are introducing e-bike innovations like creative new body styles. Evie Bee, a woodworker, model maker and university student, has combined her passions into a unique and beautiful wooden e-bike she calls Electraply.
The design was inspired by Bee’s love for the motorcycles of the past and the desire to honour and continue this design classic through a modern interpretation.
Electraply is composed primarily of materials of a sustainably sourced tree-poplar ply, which is the inspiration for the name. The use of wood threatened to make the bike too heavy, but Bee used poplar ply for the central frame (框架) so it was no heavier than an ordinary e-bike.
For the original bike, Bee collected the forks from an old jump bike. The decision resulted in the use of V-brakes (刹车) in the design. She says it’s not ideal but works for now, admitting, “The forks shall certainly be the first thing I upgrade once I have the money.” There are safety features to balance the system; the front brake is wired to the motor, causing it to turn off when the brakes are pressed.
Unlike most e-bikes, Bee didn’t try to hide the battery. In fact, she put it front and center. She explained, “The bike design was inspired by motorbikes, which have their gas tanks (油箱) visible. I wanted to carry this through into my own design, but change the gas tank for a battery!”
Bee is currently working on developing a Kickstarter campaign for Electraply with hopes of mass-producing and marketing it at some point. For those interested in working from the knowledge she’s developed in the process, she’s written two e-books she has posted on her website. One covers the design process for creating the bike, while the second details the construction process of turning the design into a real-life functioning e-bike.
8. What character of poplar ply is taken into consideration when used for the central frame
A. Its security. B. Its strength.
C. Its intensity. D. Its weight.
9. Which of the following can best describe Bee’s present V-brakes of Electraply
A. Risky. B. Delicate.
C. Unsatisfactory. D. Useless.
10. What’s the difference between Bee’s e-bike and most other e-bikes
A. Bee’s e-bike was environment friendly.
B. Bee’s e-bike had the battery put in easy view.
C. Bee’s e-bike owned more advanced safety features.
D. Bee’s e-bike was powered by both gas and solar electricity.
11. What is Bee expecting of Electraply
A. It’ll be made into production.
B. It’ll help raise money for charity.
C. It’ll enable her e-books to be bestsellers.
D. It’ll stimulate people’s curiosity about science.
D
Much of the Amazon’s biodiversity (生物多样性) is under fire-literally. In the last two decades, deforestation (滥伐) and forest fire ate into the ranges of thousands of plant and animal species in the Amazon rainforest.
The extent of the damage is closely tied to the practice of laws in Brazil aimed at protecting the forest from widespread logging (伐木). The findings illustrate the key role that forest use laws have in the fortune of the Amazon rainforest.
Threats to the survival of this biodiversity could have long-term effects. Biodiversity promotes a forest’s resistance to drought. If fire-impacted area continues to rise, not only does the Amazon lose forest cover, but also some of its capacity to deal with the changing climate.
“With fires advancing deeper into the rainforest, more species will experience fire for the first time. These species have not evolved (进化) under conditions with regular fires, so the consequences for those species, like increased risk of population declines or extinction, can be severe,” says Xiao Feng, a biogeographer at Florida State University.
“But we don’t know how fires are impacting the biodiversity across the Amazon basin,” says Feng. The Amazon is a huge area. It’s generally impossible to go there and count the number of species before the fire and after it. So Feng and his team instead investigated how Amazonian plant and animal species’ geographic ranges have been affected by recent fires. The team gathered range maps of 11,514 plant and 3,079 animal species and compared these maps with satellite images of Amazon forest cover from 2001 to 2019. Those images let the team track how logging and fires have led to the reduction of rainforest.
Starting in 2009, when a series of rules aimed at reducing deforestation started being performed, the extent of fires generally decreased. Then in 2019, fires rose back up again, co-occurring with a relaxation of rules. Much of the fire-driven forest loss was concentrated along the more intensely logged southern reaches of the rainforest.
The change suggests effective forest protection laws can slow this trend of destruction and are essential for preventing the region from reaching a tipping point.
12. What does Feng mean based on paragraph 4
A. Not all species will survive the fire.
B. The forest badly needs regular fires.
C. All species will die out after the fire.
D. The fire will change survival skills of species.
13. How did Feng’s team draw the conclusion about fires’ effect on biodiversity
A. By taking field trips. B. By doing experiments.
C. By referring to geography books. D. By making comparisons.
14. Why did fires occur more frequently in the Amazon forest in 2019
A. Severe drought kept on striking.
B. The new species had no time to evolve.
C. Rules of controlling logging weren’t strictly carried out.
D. The rainforest’s resistance to the changing climate weakened.
15. Where is this text most likely from
A. A science magazine. B. A personal diary.
C. A travel brochure. D. A research plan.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Speak Confidently in Public
Giving a speech to public is an art. ____16____ However, there are some general guidelines that can enable anyone to address in public.
The speaker must be self-confident. Look confident, even if you don’t feel it. When speaking without confidence, people unknowingly overly increase or decrease their voice volume (音量) or move their body parts. ____17____ Self-confidence, which makes a speaker seem more convincing and charming to the public, is the only solution to this difficulty.
____18____ A speech should be easy to understand. Professional expressions must be avoided along with terms which may cause confusion among masses. It is highly recommended that speech should be checked with experienced speakers for proofreading and recommendations. Mistakes should be avoided at all cost and there should not be any misleading or double meaning sentences in the speech.
Another important thing to keep in mind while speaking to the public should be the class of the audience to whom one has to address. Don’t memorize your speech or practice it word for word. For example, while addressing a group of businessmen, stress can be laid on economic activities and profits which will naturally appeal to them. ____19____
Speaking to the public may seem challenging at first. ____20____ Constant practice will allow you to get well at addressing the public.
A. Yet practice makes perfect.
B. Stay focused on what you are saying.
C. It is also a fun and rewarding experience.
D. The clearness of the message matters most.
E. Like any other one, it takes time, patience and talents to master it.
F. This can be very noticeable to the audience and leave a bad impression.
G. Briefly, one has to address proper class and target their attention with proper language.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Around me were people lining up to climb the man made “mountain’. Out of it ____21____ some specific rocks for climbers to stand on and hold on to. Near me were my parents, who at times smiled at me ____22____. But with the ____23____ moving steadily, I got increasingly nervous.
The mountain was made for three people to climb at a time, with safety ropes attached to each climber. There were three sections-easy, medium and difficult to climb. ____24____ I was a little kid aged 10, I took the easy section. I could have changed my ____25____, but I thought that would make me look scared.
I ____26____ all the terrible things that might happen. Maybe I could ____27____ with tons of people watching me. Or I could take a while to climb and the people would get ____28____. Finally, it was my ____29____. Butterflies in stomach, I put on the safety ropes and placed my ____30____ on one rock and my foot on another, slowly heading toward the top.
Suddenly, the next rock was out of reach for my hand. There was nowhere for my feet to step on to ____31____ me. The only ____32____ was to lift my weight using only my arms! Unwilling to ____33____, I gathered my courage and strength and grabbed a rock with both my hands. I made it!
When I rang the bell at the top to signal I had ____34____ my turn, I received warm applause from my parents and the people below. Despite my tired legs and arms, this memory of me overcoming ____35____ will always be an important experience.
21. A. grew B. jumped C. hung D. stuck
22. A. restlessly B. encouragingly C. helplessly D. cheerfully
23. A. line B. chance C. audience D. stage
24. A. While B. Since C. Unless D. Until
25. A. mind B. mood C. role D. behavior
26. A. came across B. dealt with C. thought of D. pointed out
27. A. perform B. complain C. relax D. fall
28. A. confused B. pressured C. silent D. impatient
29. A. choice B. task C. turn D. reply
30. A. finger B. hand C. shoulder D. knee
31. A. direct B. protect C. raise D. drag
32. A. purpose B. solution C. suggestion D. reason
33. A. hesitate B. cheat C. quit D. refuse
34. A. finished B. risked C. expected D. missed
35. A. disappointment B. shyness C. injury D. fear
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
While the Majale River in Botswana only flows for a few months of the year, there is plenty of water to be found under the surface. Aware ____36____ this, the area’s animals frequently visit the dry riverbed ____37____ (dig) up the water and satisfy their thirst.
In late August, Wildlife filmmaker Kim was searching the area, ____38____ (hope) to see an elephant herd (群) in action. She had driven a few kilometers along the riverbank when she ____39____ (notice) an elephant herd making their way up.
Things went smoothly at first. Two team members effortlessly climbed up the riverbank and disappeared. The rest of the family, which ____40____ (lead) by a female elephant, followed closely behind. They were doing well until a baby elephant, much ____41____ (thin) than other baby ones, got stuck on the steepest (陡) part. Not realizing ____42____ (it) trouble, the mother kept moving ahead. Fortunately, the herd’s responsible leader stayed behind to ensure everyone made it up safely. She ____43____ (gentle) pushed the helpless baby elephant up the tricky place.
____44____ happened in front of Kim made her excited. And she was even more excited to have captured the heartwarming video of the scene. She said that elephants are caring animals that deserve human love and _____45_____ (admire).
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华。你校将举行主题为“秋收”的画展。请给国际学校的留学生朋友Eric写封邮件，邀请他一起参观，内容包括：
1.展览时间、地点；2.展览主题、特色。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Eric,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Turning Point
I used to be a cold-hearted individual who lived in nothing but a world of my own. Unexpectedly, there was a time in my life when everything changed. A sunshine suddenly arose from my heart, opening its door to a new world where I was the key in helping those in need of a hand.
I was a freshman in high school when I stepped in our local nursing home, complaining about having to volunteer there on weekends because my mom had asked me to. Anyway, when I pulled into the parking lot, I realized how different the place was. It was nice and clean with elders everywhere. As I checked in at the front desk for my first service hours, I received a stream of greetings from the surrounding people. It felt as good as breathing in love, which filled me with sudden warmth.
Shelby, the lady in charge of community service, assigned me to watch for the elder in room 111. My job was to help with anything she needed. At first I thought this was the beginning of a nightmare, but it turned out to be something completely different.
After listening to Shelby’s instructions, I walked toward my destination and knocked softly at the door, asking if I could come in. A voice came from inside answering yes. I stepped inside and introduced myself, with an explanation of why I was there. Meanwhile, I took a look around. The white walls were almost covered in picture frames. I could tell from the pictures she must have been a teacher before. While I was looking around, she introduced herself as Marie Brown, going to be 80 in two months. Her face marked by wrinkles of wisdom could really tell me her life story.
“So you’ve been here for a while ” I asked. For a minute it was all silent, and then she answered yes with a very sad voice, adding that she had no family. Realizing I had asked the wrong question, I felt bad, for the first time, for hurting someone’ s feelings, especially this lonely elder’s.
注意：1.续写词数应150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Seeing my embarrassment, Marie smiled at me and signed to me to sit by her.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Touched by her stories, I determined to give Marie care, company and even surprises.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1－5 CABBC 6－10BCBCA 11－15 ACBAB 16－20 AACBA
