专题三 主谓一致 习题1
一、填空
1.Although_________(tell) to stop, he kept on working.
2.Like so many things, it is not what is outside, but what is inside that ________(count).
3.Whether we can raise enough money to carry out the project ________(remain) to be discussed.
4.My teacher said water _________(boil) at 100℃.
5.The world's elderly population will exceed that of children by 2060, when each group ________(expect) to account for about one fifth of the population.
6.As a result of the serious flood, two thirds of the buildings in the area _________(need) repairing.
7.A variety of books ________________(be) on the desk.
8.It's hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him， but research __________(indicate) that the numbers have been rising for some time.
9.Even the most successful public speaker __________(make) mistakes.
10.If you look at all sides of the situation, you'll find probably a solution that __________(suit) everyone.
11.Not only the students but also their teacher ________(like) playing football.
12.Not only I but also Tom and Jim ________ interested in English.
13.Not only the students but also their teacher __________ enjoying the film.
14.An average of 10 students ________________(be) absent each day last term.
15.The average of these numbers ________________(be) 50.
二、阅读理解
16.Warm weather gets thousands of people to gather outdoors and celebrate for various events. Here are a few fun festivals that you should travel to see this summer.
Naadam (Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia)
Naadam,also known as “the three games of men”,is the biggest traditional festival held in Ulaanbaatar,the Mongolian capital.Each July,men compete in Mongolian wrestling,horse racing and archery(射箭).Today,women also take art in the archery and girls in the horse racing.
Elvis Week (Memphis)
If moving your body to Blue Suede Shoes this summer sounds good to you,then head to Memphis for Elvis Week,usually held in August.Movies,special performances and the Ultimate Elvis Tribute Artist Contest are just a few activities to keep fans busy. The week of events is held to mark the anniversary(周年纪念日) of the death of Elvis Presley,the “King of Rock and Roll”.
Glastonbury Festival (Somerset, England)
Around 175,000 people gather on a dairy farm in Somerset,England every year for the Glastonbury Festival.Famous bands and singers appear at the 5-day music celebration.The ticket for the festival was 1 when the festival started in 1970,but today,full-weekend general tickets go for about 248.
World Bodypainting Festival (Klagenfurt, Austria)
During the annual World Bodypainting Festival in Austria, artists from as many as 50 countries compete using a variety of techniques, including brushes, sponges and airbrushes. Alex Barendregt organized the first festival in 1998, when he was tasked with organizing a new summer event.
1.Where can we watch exciting games when attending the festival
A.Peru. B.Austria. C.England. D.Mongolia.
2.Which of the following is in memory of a musician
A.Naadam. B.Elvis Week.
C.Glastonbury Festival. D.World Bodypainting Festival.
3.What can we learn about the Glastonbury Festival
A.It is held to celebrate the harvest.
B.It is held in the downtown area of a city.
C.Its ticket price has greatly increased since it started.
D.It offers actors a good chance to show their talents.
17. Too much screen(屏幕) time for kids can lead to poor health the American Heart Association (AHA) says. A scientific statement published by the AHA in the medical journal Circulation said screen time from smartphones, tablet computers and other devices can lead kids to a sedentary(惯于久坐不动的) lifestyle ,increasing the possibility that they grow up as overweight or obese(肥胖的).
The AHA is the latest organization urging(敦促) parents to limit how much time their kids spend in front of screens. It recommends(建议) children get one to two hours of screen time each day. Although television viewing among children and teens has dropped, the use of smartphones and tablet computers has surged.
"Although the mechanisms(机制) linking screen time to obesity are not entirely clear, there are real concerns that screens influence eating behaviors, mainly because children don’t notice when they are full when eating in front of a screen,” said Tracie Barnett, a researcher at the INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier Research Centre, in a statement.
Barnett, one of the authors of the statement, also urges parents to keep screens out of kids’ bedrooms, raising the fear that too much screen time can affect(影响) sleep.
Many studies have warned about the potential (潜在的) negative effects of too much screen time. Last year, a study from researchers at San Diego State University(SDSU) found nearly half of teens who spent five or more hours in front of screens every day experienced long periods of hopelessness or sadness.
Apple, who makes the iOS mobile platform, plans to introduce new tools to devices to help users cut back on screen time. As for iOS 12, iPhones will include a screen time feature where users can control and review how they spend time on their mobile devices. Another company that makes the Android platform will introduce "digital well-being" tools such as screen time limits and a “wind down” option to encourage users to put down their phones before bed.
1.Which can replace the underlined word “surged” in paragraph 2
A.Increased suddenly. B.Decreased slowly.
C.Stayed the same. D.Lost the balance.
2.How do screens influence children’s eating behavior
A.By changing the time they eat. B.By changing their taste for food.
C.By influencing how fast they eat. D.By influencing their feeling of fullness.
3.What effect did too much screen time have in SDSU’s study
A.It affected children’s sleep. B.It led to children’s obesity.
C.It resulted in diet problems. D.It negatively influenced moods(情绪).
4.What will Apple do to deal with the screen time problem
A.Reduce its products’ battery life. B.Provide a screen time feature.
C.Introduce “digital well-being” tools. D.Add a “wind down” option to its products.
答案以及解析
1.答案：told
解析：考查动词，句子主谓一致，省略了主语和be动词，尽管被告知停下来，他仍继续工作。
2.答案：counts
3.答案：remains
解析：remain表示"依然；保持"，主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，且指的是现在的情况，要用一般现在时第三人称单数形式．故填 remains．
4.答案：boils
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意为:我的老师说水在100℃沸腾。分析句子结构可知,said后是省略了关系词的宾语从句,从句中的的主语"water"是不可数名词,谓语动词应用单数形式;水在100℃沸腾是客观事实,应用一般现在时。 boil在句中意为“沸腾”,是不及物动词,无被动用法。故填boils。
5.答案：is expected
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意为:到2060年,全球老年人口(的数量)将超过儿童人口(的数量),届时预计每个群体(的数量)将占全球人口的五分之一左右。根据句意可知,此处陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时;且主语"each group"与动词expect之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语"each group"是第三人称单数,谓语动词应用单三形式。故填is expected。
6.答案：need
解析：考查主谓一致。句意为:由于严重的洪水,这个地区三分之二的建筑物需要修复。主语"two thirds of the buildings"表示复数概念,所以谓语动词应用复数形式。故填need。
7.答案：are
8.答案：indicates
9.答案：will make/makes
10.答案：suits
11.答案：likes
12.答案：has
13.答案：is
14.答案：were
15.答案：is
16.答案：1.D; 2.B; 3.C
解析：1.细节理解题。根据Naadam (Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia)中“Each July, men compete in Mongolian wrestling, horse racing and archery(射箭).Today, women also take art in the archery and girls in the horse racing.( 每年七月,蒙古族男子参加摔跤、赛马和射箭比赛。今天,妇女也参加射箭比赛,女孩参加赛马。)”可知,在蒙古参加节日的时候,我们会观看到激动人心的比赛。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据Elvis Week (Memphis)中“The week of events is held to mark the anniversary(周年纪念日) of the death of Elvis Presley, the “King of Rock and Roll”.( 这一周的活动是为了纪念“摇滚之王”猫王埃尔维斯·普雷斯利逝世周年纪念日。)”可知,Elvis Week节日是为了纪念著名音乐家“猫王”。故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据Glastonbury Festival (Somerset, England)中“The ticket for the festival was 1 when the festival started in 1970,but today, full-weekend general tickets go for about 248.( 在1970年音乐节开始的时候,门票是1英镑,但是今天,整个周末的普通票大约248英镑。)”可知,Glastonbury Festival自开演以来,票价大幅上涨。故选C。
17.答案：1-4 ADDB(共23张PPT)
专题三
主谓一致
01
02
03
意义一致
就近一致
MENU
语法一致（重点考点）
主谓一致
主谓一致即在句子中谓语动词的数必须和主语的数保持一致。一般可根据三个原则来确定：
语法一致：主语的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数
意义一致：形单意复或形复意单的名词作主语，谓语动词要根据主语的意义决定
就近一致：谓语动词要和离它最近的主语在数上保持一致
01
语法一致
（1）可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语，谓语动词使用单数形式；可数名词复数作主语，谓语动词使用复数形式
例：
Percy has made great progress in Chinese.
珀西的汉语取得了很大进步。
（2）表示时间、距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等复数名词作主语时，常被看作整体，谓语动词用单数。
例：
Twenty years is a long time.
二十年是一段很长的时间。
（3）不定式、动名词和名词性从句作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。what引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于作表语的名词的单复数
例：
Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day.
听音乐使我在一天的忙碌之后得到了放松。
（4）代词all作主语：若指人，谓语动词用复数；若指事物或现象，谓语动词通常用单数
例：
All are equal before the law. 法律面前，人人平等。
All is well that ends well. 结局好一切都好。
（5）many a/the whole/each/every/either/neither＋单数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数；each, every, no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。
例：
Many a page in this book is missing. 这本书缺了许多页。
（6）主语后接介词短语或其他插入语，如with, together with, as well as, along with, besides, like, but, except, including, rather than等，谓语动词的人称和数与主语的人称和数保持一致
例：
The leader and artist as well as some of our English teachers was given a chance to go abroad last year.
那位领导兼艺术家和我们的些英语老师去年得到了一次出国的机会。
（7）and，both…and.…连接两个不同的主语，谓语动词用复数形式；但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或物时，谓语动词需用单数形式。
例：Her teacher and her friends are in the sitting room.
她的老师和朋友都在客厅。
The poet and writer has produced many works.
这位诗人兼作家写出了许多作品。
（8）定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。在“It+be动词+被强调部分+that/who.."强调句型中，be动词一般用单数形式；如果强调的是主语，that/who的谓语动词由被强调部分决定。
例：
My friend showed me around the town, which was very kind of me.
我的朋友真是太好了，他带我参观了这个小镇。
（5）“more than one/many a+单数可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；each，every，no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。
例：
More than one person is involved in this matter.
此事有牵连的不止一个人。
Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the party held on Sunday.
每个男生和女生都希望参加周日的聚会。
02
意义一致
（1）形式为单数但意义为复数概念的 police, cattle 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
例：
The police have not made any arrests.
警方未逮捕任何人。
（2）表示一类人的 the poor/rich/ dead/injured/wounded等和“the＋姓氏复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
例：
The Greens are going to Paris.
格林一家要去巴黎。
（3）表示某国人总称的 the Chinese，the British，the Irish等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
例：
The Chinese are hard-working.
中国人民是勤劳的。
（4）诸如 maths，physics，politics，news等以“-s”结尾却表示单数或不可数概念的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Maths is my favorite subject.
数学是我最喜欢的科目。
（5）单复数同形的名词，如 sheep，deer，means，works (工厂）等作主语时，谓语动词的数与实际意义一致。
例：
Three sheep are eating grass there.
三只羊正在那里吃草。
A sheep is lying there.
有只羊正躺在那里。
（6）集体名词，如 family，class，crew，team，group，audience，committee，crowd，government 等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要根据主语所指的意义而定。当集体名词被作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词用单数；如果指其中各个成员时，谓语动词用复数。
例：
The whole class consists of twenty-five boys and twenty girls.
这个班由25个男生和20个女生组成。（强调 class这一整体）
The whole class are doing experiments.
全班学生正在做实验。（强调class里的各个成员）
03
就近一致
（1）并列连词连接的成分作主语
or，either. . .or. . . ，neither. . .nor. . . ，not. . .but. . .，not only. . .but (also) . . . 等并列连词连接并列成分作主语，谓语动词的单复数形式要与最靠近的主语一致。
例：
Neither I nor my daughter likes pop music. 我和我女儿都不喜欢流行音乐。
Not only the door but also the windows are open. 门和窗户都开着。
Either you or he is to take part in the competition. 要么你去参加竞赛，要么他去。
Was he or you able to persuade her 是你还是他能够说服她？
（2）在 there be，here be结构中
在 there be，here be结构中，若有几个并列成分作主语，谓语动词的单复数形式由最靠近的主语决定。
例：
There is an apple and some oranges on the table. 桌子上有一个苹果和一些橘子。
There are some oranges and an apple on the table. 桌子上有一些橘子和一个苹果。
例题
1.Unless some extra money __________ (find) , the theatre will close.
2.The teacher, together with some of her students, _______________(be) preparing for their performance now.
1.答案：is found
解析：句意:除非找到些额外的资金，否则这个戏院将要关闭。 本句中Unless引导的是一个条件状语从句，从句中应使用一般现在 时表示将来;且money和find之间是动宾关系，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态。
2.答案：is
解析：考查主谓一致。句意：老师和她的一些学生正在为他们的表演做准备。本句的主语是the teacher，介词短语together with后面的名词对谓语单复数没有影响。故填is。
3.Although_________(tell) to stop, he kept on working.
4.Whether we can raise enough money to carry out the project ________(remain) to be discussed.
3.答案：told
解析：考查动词，句子主谓一致，省略了主语和be动词，尽管被告知停下来，他仍继续工作。
4.答案：remains
解析：remain表示"依然；保持"，主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，且指的是现在的情况，要用一般现在时第三人称单数形式．故填 remains．
5.My teacher said water _________(boil) at 100℃.
6.The world's elderly population will exceed that of children by 2060, when each group ________(expect) to account for about one fifth of the population.
5.答案：boils
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意为:我的老师说水在100℃沸腾。分析句子结构可知,said后是省略了关系词的宾语从句,从句中的的主语"water"是不可数名词,谓语动词应用单数形式;水在100℃沸腾是客观事实,应用一般现在时。 boil在句中意为“沸腾”,是不及物动词,无被动用法。故填boils。
6.答案：is expected
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意为:到2060年,全球老年人口(的数量)将超过儿童人口(的数量),届时预计每个群体(的数量)将占全球人口的五分之一左右。根据句意可知,此处陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时;且主语"each group"与动词expect之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语"each group"是第三人称单数,谓语动词应用单三形式。故填is expected。
7.As a result of the serious flood, two thirds of the buildings in the area _________(need) repairing.
8.The key word in the Modem White Porcelain Exhibition is "modern" and one of the works _____(be) a porcelain boat.
7.答案：need
解析：考查主谓一致。句意为:由于严重的洪水,这个地区三分之二的建筑物需要修复。主语"two thirds of the buildings"表示复数概念,所以谓语动词应用复数形式。故填need。
8.答案：is
解析：句意为:现代白瓷展的关键词是"现代",而其中有一件作品是一艘瓷制船。根据空前的is可知,此处表述的是一般情况,应用一般现在时。"one of +复数名词"作主语时,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故填is。
9.An average of 10 students ________________(be) absent each day last term.
10.Not only the students but also their teacher __________ enjoying the film.
were
is
Thank you专题三 主谓一致 习题2
一、填空
1.A survey of the opinions of experts _____ (show) that three hours of outdoor exercise a week _____(be) good for one's health.
2.Either you or one of your students_____ (be) to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.
3.The teacher together with the students _____ (be) discussing Reading Skills that _____ (be) newly published in America.
4.I bought two dictionaries. One is English, and the other __________ Chinese.
5.Reading _________(satisfy) my desire to keep learning.
6.The injured ________________(be) sent to the hospital at once after the accident.
7.Not you but your father ___________________ to blame.
8.Not you but she ___________________(be) wanted on the telephone.
9.Not only his family but also he ___________________(like) Chaplin's movies.
10.Nowadays, cycling as well as jogging and swimming, _______(consider) as one of the best forms of exercise.
11.When writing an essay, we must make sentences that _____________(be) grammatically correct.
12.Between the two buildings __________(stand) a tall pine.
13.Mr. White along with his two sons ____________(be) fond of football, and they often go to watch football matches.
14.The father as well as his children ___________________(go) skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.
15.The equipment you need for hiking _____ (be) simple: strong shoes, clothes and a backpack.
二、阅读理解
16. In the past decade, the use of social media has grown in a way that no one could have guessed. It has turned some teenagers into celebrities(名人) and turned the famous into the infamous, overnight.
A key feature of social media, however, is its volatility. Trends come and go, disappearing almost as quickly as they appeared. So, what were the key social media trends of 2019
Short video apps such as TikTok and its Chinese equivalent Douyin, took the world by storm. The Telegraph reported that TikTok was ranked 8th on Apple's App Store in April. And Douyin had more than 300 million domestic monthly active users in June, CNBC said.
Why are these short videos—which are rarely longer than a few minutes—so popular Jiang Yige, Singapore—based analyst at FengHe Fund Management, has a theory. Short videos are "just right to fill in the little gaps in our busy schedules", he told CNBC.
These videos—apart from being very convenient—are important to teenagers because they allow them to express themselves, according to Teen Vogue.
The sense of community that users of short video apps get is another appealing feature. Liza Koshy, a user of the US app Musically who has over 2 million followers, said that she was thrilled when anyone said that her video had "inspired" him. "It’s really cool... because I think that as short video creators that's what we all expect," she added.
Live streaming is another feature of our social media life that now seems as natural as sunrise. It's a pretty neat idea: You can watch anyone, anywhere, live.
However, China has taken live streaming to a whole new level. In China, more than 100 million viewers monthly watch a live streaming video. Forbes thought that a number of factors had led to the popularity of live streams. Among them is viewers' ability to interact while remaining anonymous.
However, the boom in social media may be having side effects too. Fake news is one serious problem it arguably causes. Material shared on these platforms is often not checked for accuracy. The most basic content can be false and can sway users one way or another. We use social media all the time; that doesn't mean that we understand the influence it is having on us. We should be mindful of both the time we spend on it and its impact on our minds.
1.The underlined word "volatility" in Paragraph 2 possibly means "being ________".
A.changeable B.steady C.promising D.violent
2.According to Liza Koshy, short videos are very popular because _______.
A.they are very convenient B.they help people kill time
C.they provide a sense of community D.they allow people to express themselves
3.What can we learn about social media from the text
A.The information from social media is highly reliable.
B.When it comes to social media, people know short videos the best.
C.People can't communicate with each other without social media.
D.There is still much room for social media to make improvement.
4.What is the best title for the text
A.Rapid Development of Social Media B.Key Social Media Trends of 2019
C.Short Videos Taking the World by Storm D. Live Streaming—A New Feature of Social Media
17. If you could have one kind of super power, what would it be
Dreaming about whether you would want to read minds, see through walls, or have superhuman strength may sound silly, but it actually gets to the heart of what really matters in your life.
Every day in our work, we are inspired by the people we meet doing extraordinary things to improve the world.
They have a different kind of super power that all of us possess: the power to make a difference in the lives of others.
We're not saying that everyone needs to contribute their lives to the poor. Your lives are busy enough doing homework, playing sports, making friends, and chasing after your dreams. But we do think that you can live a more powerful life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself. Find an issue you are interested in and learn more. Volunteer or, if you can, contribute a little money to a cause. Whatever you do, don't be a bystander. Get involved. You may have the opportunity to make your biggest difference when you're older. But why not start now
Our own experience working together on health, development, and energy the last twenty years has been one of the most rewarding parts of our lives. It has changed who we are and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.
1.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to
A.Your lifestyle. B.Your trouble in life. C.Your life value. D.Your life experience.
2.How do the people around make author inspired every day
A.They are making the world better.
B.They possess different kinds of super power.
C.They have got the power to change the world.
D.They have great influences on the author's life and work.
3.Which of the following can be best concluded from Paragraph 5
A.Trying your best to help the poor.
B.Working hard to get the bigger opportunities.
C.Contributing more to a cause.
D.Getting yourself interested and getting involved.
4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.People's efforts have been materially rewarded.
B.The lives of the poorest are supposed to get better.
C.The work on health is the most valuable experience.
D.Much more progress will be made in the near future.
答案以及解析
1.答案：shows; is
解析：考查主谓一致。句意: 一项对专家意见的调查显示每周三个小时的户外锻炼对人的身体有好处。 主句中的主语是"A survey"为单数, 谓语用单数, 而且这句话指的是通常的情况, 所以用一般现在时, 故第一个空用 shows; 从句中的主语是"three hours", 是表示时间段的名词词组, 看作一个整体, 谓语动词用单数形式, 故填shows 和is。
2.答案：is
解析：考查主谓一致。句意: 要么是你, 要么是你的一个学生要去参加明天举行的会议。either...or...连接两个主语, 按就近原则来确定谓语的单复数。所以和one of your students一致, 谓语应用单数形式, 故填is。
3.答案：is; was
解析：考查主谓一致。句意: 老师跟学生一起在讨论最近美国出版的《阅读技巧》一书。A together with; B 作主语时谓语动词与A的单复数保持一致, 所以用单数 is; 第二空为定语从句, that指代Reading Skills, 由于Reading Skills是书名, 所以谓语动词用单数, 故填is, was。
4.答案：is
5.答案：satisfies
6.答案：were
7.答案：is
8.答案：is
9.答案：likes
10.答案：is considered
解析：句意:现在骑自行车、慢跑和游泳被认为是最好的锻炼方式之一。由介词短语as well as连接的三个名词作主语,谓语动词应该就前一致,即用单数。
11.答案：are
解析：考查主谓一致。句意:写文章的时候,我们必须造语法正确的句子。分析句子结构可知,that引导定语从句,指代先行词sentences且在从句中作主语,故此处应使用复数形式。
12.答案：stands
解析：考查主谓一致及完全倒装句。句意:两座建筑物之间耸立着一棵高大的松树。句中表示地点的状语Between the two buildings置于句首时,句子用完全倒装句,其主语是a tall pine,故用动词的第三人称单数形式,即stands。
13.答案：is
解析：考查主谓一致和时态。句意:White先生和他的两个儿子都喜欢足球,他们经常去看足球比赛。along with连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词的人称和数要与前面的主语保持一致;由第二个分句的时态可知,这里表客观事实,故填is。
14.答案：goes
解析：考查主谓一致。句意:冬天的每个星期天下午,这位父亲和他的孩子们都会在冰冻的河面上滑冰。as well as连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。
15.答案：is
解析：句意为：你远足所需要的装备很简单：结实的鞋子、衣服和一个背包。equipment为不可数名词，作主语时系动词应用单数is。
16.答案：1-4.ACDB
解析：1.词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句Trends come and go, disappearing almost as quickly as they appeared.可知,发展趋势来得快消失得也快。这句话是在解释画线词语,因此该词意为“易变”,故选A。B项“稳定的”、C项“有希望的”和D项“猛烈的,暴力的”均不符合语境。
2.细节理解题。根据第六段前两句The sense of community that users of short video apps get is another appealing feature. Liza Koshy... said that she was thrilled when anyone said that her video had "inspired" him.可知,按Liza Koshy所说,短视频非常受欢迎在于它的另一个吸引人的特点:短视频应用程序的用户获得了社区意识。故选C。A项“它们很方便”和D项“它们允许人们来表达自己”是第五段中Teen Vogue的观点;B项“它们帮助人们消磨时间”是第四段中Jiang Yige的观点。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段前四句However, the boom in social media may be... users one way or another.可知,社交媒体上传播的虚假新闻是一个严重问题,这会影响用户。因此社交媒体还存在问题,仍旧有很大的改进空间。故选D。A项“来自社交媒体的信息都是高度可信的”与最后一段第二句提到的"Fake news(假新闻)”相矛盾;B项“当谈到社交媒体时,人们对短视频最为了解”与文中七、八段介绍的“直播流媒体作为一种社交媒体的流行”相矛盾;C项“没有社交媒体,人们就无法相互交流”的说法太绝对。
4.主旨大意题。根据第二段A key feature of social media, however, is its volatility. Trends come and go, disappearing almost as quickly as they appeared. So, what were the key social media trends of 2019 可知,社交媒体的主要特征是它的易变性。发展趋势来得快消失得也快。2019年社交媒体的主要趋势是什么 文章接下来回答了这个问题。因此B项(2019年的主要社交媒体趋势)作为文章标题最合适。A项“社交媒体的迅速发展”、C项“短视频风靡世界”和D项“直播流媒体——社交媒体的一个新特征”均不符合题意。
17.答案：1-4.CADB
解析：1.推理判断题。在文章第一段中,作者提出了“如果你能有一种超能力,那会是什么呢 ”的问题,然后第二段回答“你梦想可以读懂别人的心思、透墙看物或是拥有某种超凡的力量可能听起来很傻,但事实上它抓住了核心问题——什么是你生命中你最重视的。下文作者指出,每个人生命的价值在于为社会做贡献,所以可推知,画线部分指的是生命的价值。故选C。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段"Every day in our work, we are inspired by the people we meet doing extraordinary things to improve the world."中的improve the world可知,此处隐含的意思是“让世界变得更美好”,故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的"Find an issue you are interested in and learn more."和"Get involved."可以推断出,本段讲了要让自己感兴趣并参与,故选D。
4.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的"fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead"可知,对于最贫困的人的生活将来会更好这一点人们持乐观态度,故选B。专题三 主谓一致
主谓一致即在句子中谓语动词的数必须和主语的数保持一致。一般可根据三个原则来确定：
语法一致：主语的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数
意义一致：形单意复或形复意单的名词作主语，谓语动词要根据主语的意义决定
就近一致：谓语动词要和离它最近的主语在数上保持一致
1. 语法一致
（1）可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语，谓语动词使用单数形式；可数名词复数作主语，谓语动词使用复数形式
例：
Percy has made great progress in Chinese.
珀西的汉语取得了很大进步。
（2）表示时间、距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等复数名词作主语时，常被看作整体，谓语动词用单数。
例：
Twenty years is a long time.
二十年是一段很长的时间
（3）不定式、动名词和名词性从句作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。what引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于作表语的名词的单复数。
例：
Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day.
听音乐使我在一天的忙碌之后得到了放松。
（4）代词all作主语：若指人，谓语动词用复数；若指事物或现象，谓语动词通常用单数。
例：
All are equal before the law. 法律面前，人人平等。
All is well that ends well. 结局好一切都好。
（5）many a/the whole/each/every/either/neither＋单数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数；each, every, no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。
例：
Many a page in this book is missing. 这本书缺了许多页。
（6）主语后接介词短语或其他插入语，如with, together with, as well as, along with, besides, like, but, except, including, rather than等，谓语动词的人称和数与主语的人称和数保持一致。
例：
The leader and artist as well as some of our English teachers was given a chance to go abroad last year.
那位领导兼艺术家和我们的些英语老师去年得到了一次出国的机会。
（7）and，both…and.…连接两个不同的主语，谓语动词用复数形式；但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或物时，谓语动词需用单数形式。
例：Her teacher and her friends are in the sitting room.
她的老师和朋友都在客厅。
The poet and writer has produced many works.
这位诗人兼作家写出了许多作品。
（8）定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。在"It+be动词+被强调部分+that/who.."强调句型中，be动词一般用单数形式；如果强调的是主语，that/who的谓语动词由被强调部分决定。
例：
My friend showed me around the town, which was very kind of me.
我的朋友真是太好了，他带我参观了这个小镇。
（5）“more than one/many a+单数可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；each，every，no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。
例：
More than one person is involved in this matter.
此事有牵连的不止一个人。
Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the party held on Sunday.
每个男生和女生都希望参加周日的聚会。
2. 意义一致
（1）形式为单数但意义为复数概念的 police, cattle 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
例：
The police have not made any arrests.
警方未逮捕任何人。
（2）表示一类人的 the poor/rich/ dead/injured/wounded等和“the＋姓氏复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
例：
The Greens are going to Paris.
格林一家要去巴黎。
（3）表示某国人总称的 the Chinese，the British，the Irish等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
例：
The Chinese are hard-working.
中国人民是勤劳的。
（4）诸如 maths，physics，politics，news等以“-s”结尾却表示单数或不可数概念的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Maths is my favorite subject.
数学是我最喜欢的科目。
（5）单复数同形的名词，如 sheep，deer，means，works (工厂）等作主语时，谓语动词的数与实际意义一致。
例：
Three sheep are eating grass there.
三只羊正在那里吃草。
A sheep is lying there.
有只羊正躺在那里。
（6）集体名词，如 family，class，crew，team，group，audience，committee，crowd，government 等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要根据主语所指的意义而定。当集体名词被作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词用单数；如果指其中各个成员时，谓语动词用复数。
例：
The whole class consists of twenty-five boys and twenty girls.
这个班由25个男生和20个女生组成。（强调 class这一整体）
The whole class are doing experiments.
全班学生正在做实验。（强调class里的各个成员）
3. 就近一致
（1）并列连词连接的成分作主语
or，either. . .or. . . ，neither. . .nor. . . ，not. . .but. . .，not only. . .but (also) . . . 等并列连词连接并列成分作主语，谓语动词的单复数形式要与最靠近的主语一致。
例：
Neither I nor my daughter likes pop music. 我和我女儿都不喜欢流行音乐。
Not only the door but also the windows are open. 门和窗户都开着。
Either you or he is to take part in the competition. 要么你去参加竞赛，要么他去。
Was he or you able to persuade her 是你还是他能够说服她？
（2）在 there be，here be结构中
在 there be，here be结构中，若有几个并列成分作主语，谓语动词的单复数形式由最靠近的主语决定。
There is an apple and some oranges on the table. 桌子上有一个苹果和一些橘子。
There are some oranges and an apple on the table. 桌子上有一些橘子和一个苹果。
例题
1.Unless some extra money __________ (find) , the theatre will close.
2.The teacher, together with some of her students, _______________(be) preparing for their performance now.
3.Although_________(tell) to stop, he kept on working.
4.Whether we can raise enough money to carry out the project ________(remain) to be discussed.
5.My teacher said water _________(boil) at 100℃.
6.The world's elderly population will exceed that of children by 2060, when each group ________(expect) to account for about one fifth of the population.
7.As a result of the serious flood, two thirds of the buildings in the area _________(need) repairing.
8.The key word in the Modem White Porcelain Exhibition is "modern" and one of the works _____(be) a porcelain boat.
9.An average of 10 students ________________(be) absent each day last term.
10.Not only the students but also their teacher __________ enjoying the film.
答案以及解析
1.答案：is found
解析：句意:除非找到些额外的资金，否则这个戏院将要关闭。 本句中Unless引导的是一个条件状语从句，从句中应使用一般现在 时表示将来;且money和find之间是动宾关系，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态。
2.答案：is
解析：考查主谓一致。句意：老师和她的一些学生正在为他们的表演做准备。本句的主语是the teacher，介词短语together with后面的名词对谓语单复数没有影响。故填is。
3.答案：told
解析：考查动词，句子主谓一致，省略了主语和be动词，尽管被告知停下来，他仍继续工作。
4.答案：remains
解析：remain表示"依然；保持"，主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，且指的是现在的情况，要用一般现在时第三人称单数形式．故填 remains．
5.答案：boils
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意为:我的老师说水在100℃沸腾。分析句子结构可知,said后是省略了关系词的宾语从句,从句中的的主语"water"是不可数名词,谓语动词应用单数形式;水在100℃沸腾是客观事实,应用一般现在时。 boil在句中意为“沸腾”,是不及物动词,无被动用法。故填boils。
6.答案：is expected
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意为:到2060年,全球老年人口(的数量)将超过儿童人口(的数量),届时预计每个群体(的数量)将占全球人口的五分之一左右。根据句意可知,此处陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时;且主语"each group"与动词expect之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语"each group"是第三人称单数,谓语动词应用单三形式。故填is expected。
7.答案：need
解析：考查主谓一致。句意为:由于严重的洪水,这个地区三分之二的建筑物需要修复。主语"two thirds of the buildings"表示复数概念,所以谓语动词应用复数形式。故填need。
8.答案：is
解析：句意为:现代白瓷展的关键词是"现代",而其中有一件作品是一艘瓷制船。根据空前的is可知,此处表述的是一般情况,应用一般现在时。"one of +复数名词"作主语时,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故填is。
9.答案：were
10.答案：is
