Unit 8 Detective stories Grammar课件
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| 名称 | Unit 8 Detective stories Grammar课件 |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2021-12-06 15:40:06 | ||
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(共45张PPT)
Grammar
Unit 8
Detective stories
the last one-- 定语从句
中考三大从句之
2.关系代词与关系副词
4.限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句
1.结构
3. 关系代词和关系副词的判断
定语从句
定语从句
翻译：他是一个伤心的男人。
He is a sad man
考一考
他是一个喜欢抽烟的伤心男人
难到变形
他是一个喜欢抽烟的伤心男人
He is a sad man that likes smoking.
He is a man that likes smoking.
观察后不难发现：定语从句的构成为：
that + 其他
这是一条喜欢和人说话的狗
This is a dog that likes
talking with people.
观察与类比
请翻译：
一.结构
定语从句的结构：先行词+关系词+从句
例如：He is a man that likes smoking.
先行词为“man”，定语从句为“that likes smoking”，而“that”为引导定语从句的关系词
先行词是什么呢？
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词
Mary is a girl.
Mary has long hair.
合并为一个句子
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
先行词
关系词
定语从句
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
关系代词
关系副词
which, that
who, whom, whose
Where, when
二.关系词
1.关系词的作用
He is a boy whom beautiful girls like.
请指出下面句子中的先行词以及定语从句
1.He is a boy who likes beautiful girls.
2.This is a dog which likes eating meat.
3.I know the boy whom teachers all like.
4. Xi’an is a good place where there are many delicous foods.
5.Can you tell me the reason why he quite school
6.I remember these days when we were friends.
2.关系代词及其用法
2.1. 先行词为“人”
that:
He is the student that likes reading books.
He is the student that others hate.
(2) who: I like the girl who has long hair.
(3) whom: I know the boy whom Mr. Wang is talking with now.
(4) whose: He is a soldier whose eyes are blue.
总结：that 用在从句中作主语和宾语，who用在从句中作主语，whom用在从句中作宾语，whose常常后面加名词
who, whom, whose, that用法区别.
who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.
The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.
The man is a worker.
The man is speaking at the meeting.
分解
作主语
Whom 作定语从句的宾语
The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.
The woman is a teacher.
They wanted to visit the woman.
分解
作宾语
whose 作定语从句的定语.
I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.
分解
I know the girl.
The girl’s mother is a teacher.
作定语
that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.
注意: 关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.
The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.
1.The man is a worker.
2.The man is speaking at the meeting.
合并句子:
The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.
2.2.先行词为“物”
that:
The dog that always barks to me is very ugly.
The dog that these children is beating is mine.
(2) which:
The fish which is swimming in the pool will be our dinner.
The cat which she is playing with is mine.
(3) whose: The book whose cover is red is yours.
总结：that 用在从句中作主语和宾语，which用在从句中作主语和宾语，whose常常后面加名词
关系词的用法:
当先行词是物时, 用which 或that引导.
These are the trees which were planted last year.
当先行词是人时, 用who, whom,
whose, that引导.
关系代词用法总结：that& which在从句中可作宾语和主语，指物时一般情况下可以互换，做宾语时可以省略
关系代词 先行词 关系代词在从句中作什么
that 物/人 主语/宾语
who 人 主语
whom 人 宾语
whose 人/物 定语（谁的，什么的）
which 物 主语/宾语
请务必将此表记下来！！！
练习
I don’t like the boy ( ) name is Tom.
The girl ( ) is reading a book is my sister.
The old man ( ) they are talking about is a teacher.
The cat ( ) the dog is hunting for is Tom’s.
I like playing with the boy ( ) eyes are brown.
The fish ( ) body is red is from Africa.
老师咱们能不做题么，人与人之间的信任呢？
whose
who/that
that/who/whom
that/which
whose
whose
感觉很多情况下可以通用呢
However.....
总会有真香
2.3. 只用“that”的情况
三大原则
1.说法绝对：先行词出现绝对性的描述，如唯一的(the only), 每个人(everyone), 每件事(everything),所有的(all),没有一个(none), 任何事(anything), 任何人(anyone)
2.数字常考: 当先行词前有序数词时，如 the first, the second, 其中the last，最后的也属于这种情况
3.最高级：先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时，也只能用“that”
此外：当先行词是人和物一起的时候，关系代词也要用that
3. 只能用that的情况
① 序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时
Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.
This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.
③ everything, something, nothing, all,
anything, little, much等不定代词作先行词时
Everything that we saw in this film was true.
②先行词被every, some, no, all, any, little, much等修饰时。
I’ve read all the books that you lend me.
④ 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。
This is the very book that belongs to him.
⑤ 主句已有who或which时
Who is the girl that is standing under the tree
Which is the machine that we used last Sunday.
⑥ 当先行词同时指人和物时
I’ve never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now.
1. I have a friend ________ likes listening to classical music.
3. The man ______ leg broke in a
match used to be a football player.
2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the
new dress __________ I gave her.
又来？
who/that
which/that
whose
4. My parents live in a house__________
is more than 100 years old.
5. The boy with _______ John spoke is
my brother.
6. Kevin is reading a book __________
is too difficult for him.
that/which
whom
that/which
关系词前有介词，不能用that，只能用which和whom
7. Is there anything ________ you want
to buy in the town？
8.All ______ we can do is to study hard.
9. The first one _____ stands up is a
little boy.
that
that
that
Exercise:用关系代词填空
The boy ____________ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.
The e-mail ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister.
I hate people ______________ talk much but do little.
The car _____________ my father bought last month is very beautiful.
who / that
which/ that
who / that
which / that
（广东中考）According to a survey, people _______ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily.
A. which B. whom
C. whose D. who
句子翻译
1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.
This is the doctor who saved the boy’s life.
2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.
The man who is running is my uncle.
本堂小结
请同学来自己总结一下
定语从句
1.结构
2.关系词：关系代词与关系副词
3.关系代词和关系副词的判断
4.限定性定语从句与非限定性定
语从句
couple
probably
boss
hurry
turn out
have nothing to do with
in a hurry
n. 夫妇，一对
adv. 大概，或许
n. 老板，上司
n. 急忙，匆忙
原来是，结果是
与……无关
急忙，赶快
Words review
难点(1)：区分who, whom
1. The man _____ talked to you just now is a worker.
2. The foreigner ________ visited our class yesterday
is from Canada.
3. I’d like to see the boy ______ you talked about .
4. The girl ______ we saw yesterday is
John’s sister.
who
who
whom
whom
1. Do you know the man_______ saved five people in the fire
A. who B. it
C. when D. whom
2. Shirley is the girl ________ taught me how to use Wechat(微信).
A. whom B. which C. who
I. Multiple Choice
3. I like the writers ___________are
popular among teenagers.
A．who B．which
C．whom
4. After Mandela was free (自由的) in 1990,
he chose to shake hands with the people
________ wanted to kill him.
A. whose B. which
C. / D. who
5. I will never forget the day____ we spent
in the old town with small houses.
A. who B.whom
C.that D.what
6. People ______ overweight need more
water than thin people.
A．who is B．which are
C．that is D．who are
指人 指物 主语 宾语
that
which
who
whom
Summary 关系代词的用法
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
×
×
×
×
关系代词在从句的用法
用which /who/ whom/ that填空。
The boy __________ is standing under the tree is my friend Tom. He lives in a house ________ stands on a hill. That little girl______________ Tom often helps is his sister Mary. The bird _________ is singing in the cage is Tom’s too. Bob is his dog __________ Tom and Mary often play with. The dog is great. Yesterday he caught a thief ________ was running away.
who/that
which/that
Who/whom/that
which/that
which/that
who/that
that
which
We’re asking anyone ___ saw anthing unusual.
We’re now checking the scene for more clues _____ will help solve the case.
The only suspect is a short thin man _____ was seen running down Corn Street.
The victim’s parents have offered a reward for any information _____ leads to the arrest of the murderer.
Anyone _____ can provide useful information should contact the police.
go
Ready
Fill in the blanks.
who
who
who
Exercise:用关系代词填空
The boy ____________ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.
The e-mail ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister.
I hate people ______________ talk much but do little.
The car _____________ my father bought last month is very beautiful.
who / that
which/ that
who / that
which / that
wealth
safety
lock
shut
guard
guard against sth
n. 财富
n. 安全，保险
vt. 锁
vt. 关上，封闭，合拢
vt. 守卫，保卫
防范，提防（某事）
Words review
Grammar
Unit 8
Detective stories
the last one-- 定语从句
中考三大从句之
2.关系代词与关系副词
4.限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句
1.结构
3. 关系代词和关系副词的判断
定语从句
定语从句
翻译：他是一个伤心的男人。
He is a sad man
考一考
他是一个喜欢抽烟的伤心男人
难到变形
他是一个喜欢抽烟的伤心男人
He is a sad man that likes smoking.
He is a man that likes smoking.
观察后不难发现：定语从句的构成为：
that + 其他
这是一条喜欢和人说话的狗
This is a dog that likes
talking with people.
观察与类比
请翻译：
一.结构
定语从句的结构：先行词+关系词+从句
例如：He is a man that likes smoking.
先行词为“man”，定语从句为“that likes smoking”，而“that”为引导定语从句的关系词
先行词是什么呢？
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词
Mary is a girl.
Mary has long hair.
合并为一个句子
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
先行词
关系词
定语从句
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
关系代词
关系副词
which, that
who, whom, whose
Where, when
二.关系词
1.关系词的作用
He is a boy whom beautiful girls like.
请指出下面句子中的先行词以及定语从句
1.He is a boy who likes beautiful girls.
2.This is a dog which likes eating meat.
3.I know the boy whom teachers all like.
4. Xi’an is a good place where there are many delicous foods.
5.Can you tell me the reason why he quite school
6.I remember these days when we were friends.
2.关系代词及其用法
2.1. 先行词为“人”
that:
He is the student that likes reading books.
He is the student that others hate.
(2) who: I like the girl who has long hair.
(3) whom: I know the boy whom Mr. Wang is talking with now.
(4) whose: He is a soldier whose eyes are blue.
总结：that 用在从句中作主语和宾语，who用在从句中作主语，whom用在从句中作宾语，whose常常后面加名词
who, whom, whose, that用法区别.
who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.
The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.
The man is a worker.
The man is speaking at the meeting.
分解
作主语
Whom 作定语从句的宾语
The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.
The woman is a teacher.
They wanted to visit the woman.
分解
作宾语
whose 作定语从句的定语.
I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.
分解
I know the girl.
The girl’s mother is a teacher.
作定语
that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.
注意: 关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.
The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.
1.The man is a worker.
2.The man is speaking at the meeting.
合并句子:
The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.
2.2.先行词为“物”
that:
The dog that always barks to me is very ugly.
The dog that these children is beating is mine.
(2) which:
The fish which is swimming in the pool will be our dinner.
The cat which she is playing with is mine.
(3) whose: The book whose cover is red is yours.
总结：that 用在从句中作主语和宾语，which用在从句中作主语和宾语，whose常常后面加名词
关系词的用法:
当先行词是物时, 用which 或that引导.
These are the trees which were planted last year.
当先行词是人时, 用who, whom,
whose, that引导.
关系代词用法总结：that& which在从句中可作宾语和主语，指物时一般情况下可以互换，做宾语时可以省略
关系代词 先行词 关系代词在从句中作什么
that 物/人 主语/宾语
who 人 主语
whom 人 宾语
whose 人/物 定语（谁的，什么的）
which 物 主语/宾语
请务必将此表记下来！！！
练习
I don’t like the boy ( ) name is Tom.
The girl ( ) is reading a book is my sister.
The old man ( ) they are talking about is a teacher.
The cat ( ) the dog is hunting for is Tom’s.
I like playing with the boy ( ) eyes are brown.
The fish ( ) body is red is from Africa.
老师咱们能不做题么，人与人之间的信任呢？
whose
who/that
that/who/whom
that/which
whose
whose
感觉很多情况下可以通用呢
However.....
总会有真香
2.3. 只用“that”的情况
三大原则
1.说法绝对：先行词出现绝对性的描述，如唯一的(the only), 每个人(everyone), 每件事(everything),所有的(all),没有一个(none), 任何事(anything), 任何人(anyone)
2.数字常考: 当先行词前有序数词时，如 the first, the second, 其中the last，最后的也属于这种情况
3.最高级：先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时，也只能用“that”
此外：当先行词是人和物一起的时候，关系代词也要用that
3. 只能用that的情况
① 序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时
Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.
This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.
③ everything, something, nothing, all,
anything, little, much等不定代词作先行词时
Everything that we saw in this film was true.
②先行词被every, some, no, all, any, little, much等修饰时。
I’ve read all the books that you lend me.
④ 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。
This is the very book that belongs to him.
⑤ 主句已有who或which时
Who is the girl that is standing under the tree
Which is the machine that we used last Sunday.
⑥ 当先行词同时指人和物时
I’ve never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now.
1. I have a friend ________ likes listening to classical music.
3. The man ______ leg broke in a
match used to be a football player.
2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the
new dress __________ I gave her.
又来？
who/that
which/that
whose
4. My parents live in a house__________
is more than 100 years old.
5. The boy with _______ John spoke is
my brother.
6. Kevin is reading a book __________
is too difficult for him.
that/which
whom
that/which
关系词前有介词，不能用that，只能用which和whom
7. Is there anything ________ you want
to buy in the town？
8.All ______ we can do is to study hard.
9. The first one _____ stands up is a
little boy.
that
that
that
Exercise:用关系代词填空
The boy ____________ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.
The e-mail ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister.
I hate people ______________ talk much but do little.
The car _____________ my father bought last month is very beautiful.
who / that
which/ that
who / that
which / that
（广东中考）According to a survey, people _______ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily.
A. which B. whom
C. whose D. who
句子翻译
1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.
This is the doctor who saved the boy’s life.
2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.
The man who is running is my uncle.
本堂小结
请同学来自己总结一下
定语从句
1.结构
2.关系词：关系代词与关系副词
3.关系代词和关系副词的判断
4.限定性定语从句与非限定性定
语从句
couple
probably
boss
hurry
turn out
have nothing to do with
in a hurry
n. 夫妇，一对
adv. 大概，或许
n. 老板，上司
n. 急忙，匆忙
原来是，结果是
与……无关
急忙，赶快
Words review
难点(1)：区分who, whom
1. The man _____ talked to you just now is a worker.
2. The foreigner ________ visited our class yesterday
is from Canada.
3. I’d like to see the boy ______ you talked about .
4. The girl ______ we saw yesterday is
John’s sister.
who
who
whom
whom
1. Do you know the man_______ saved five people in the fire
A. who B. it
C. when D. whom
2. Shirley is the girl ________ taught me how to use Wechat(微信).
A. whom B. which C. who
I. Multiple Choice
3. I like the writers ___________are
popular among teenagers.
A．who B．which
C．whom
4. After Mandela was free (自由的) in 1990,
he chose to shake hands with the people
________ wanted to kill him.
A. whose B. which
C. / D. who
5. I will never forget the day____ we spent
in the old town with small houses.
A. who B.whom
C.that D.what
6. People ______ overweight need more
water than thin people.
A．who is B．which are
C．that is D．who are
指人 指物 主语 宾语
that
which
who
whom
Summary 关系代词的用法
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
×
×
×
×
关系代词在从句的用法
用which /who/ whom/ that填空。
The boy __________ is standing under the tree is my friend Tom. He lives in a house ________ stands on a hill. That little girl______________ Tom often helps is his sister Mary. The bird _________ is singing in the cage is Tom’s too. Bob is his dog __________ Tom and Mary often play with. The dog is great. Yesterday he caught a thief ________ was running away.
who/that
which/that
Who/whom/that
which/that
which/that
who/that
that
which
We’re asking anyone ___ saw anthing unusual.
We’re now checking the scene for more clues _____ will help solve the case.
The only suspect is a short thin man _____ was seen running down Corn Street.
The victim’s parents have offered a reward for any information _____ leads to the arrest of the murderer.
Anyone _____ can provide useful information should contact the police.
go
Ready
Fill in the blanks.
who
who
who
Exercise:用关系代词填空
The boy ____________ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.
The e-mail ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister.
I hate people ______________ talk much but do little.
The car _____________ my father bought last month is very beautiful.
who / that
which/ that
who / that
which / that
wealth
safety
lock
shut
guard
guard against sth
n. 财富
n. 安全，保险
vt. 锁
vt. 关上，封闭，合拢
vt. 守卫，保卫
防范，提防（某事）
Words review