人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 4 Natural Disasters 基础词汇检测导学案-（含答案）

Unit 4 Natural Disasters
导学案
一、基础单词
1.summary n．____________________
2.emergency n．___________________
3.volcano n.__________________
4.typhoon n．___________________
5.hurricane n．_________________
6.electricity n．__________________
7.revive vt.& vi.__________________
8.unify vi.& vt.________________
9.context n．_________________
10.flood n.& v.________________
11.tsunami n._________________
12.landslide n.________________
13.drought n.________________
14.tornado n._______________
15.magnitude n.______________
16.kit n.______________
17.pipe n.______________
18.helicopter n._______________
19.percent n._______________
20.brick n._______________
21.affect n.& v._______________
22.death n.________________
23.sweep vi.& vt_________________
24.deliver vt.& vi._________________
25.bury vt.__________________
26.survive vt.& vi_________________
27.erupt vt.& vi__________________
28.effort n.________________
29.suffer vi.& vt.___________________
30.wisdom n.____________________
31.metal n.__________________
32.breathe vi.& vt___________________
33.power n.__________________
34.length n.___________________
35.trap vt.& n.___________________
36.ruin vt.& n.__________________
37.supply vt.& n._________________
38.wave vi.& n._________________
39.rescue vt.& n.__________________
40.destroy vt.____________________
二、单词补写。
1.____________ n．震惊；令人震惊的事；
2._____________[ r p n]火山喷发
3._______________[ m gn tju d]n. (地)震级；重大
4.____________[ r skju ]n.& vt.营救；救援
5._____________[ d m ]vt.损害；破坏n.损坏；损失
6._____________[d s tr ]vt. 摧毁 ；毁灭
7.____________[ h l k pt ]n. 直升机
8.____________[stra k]vi侵袭；突击；击打
n. 罢工；
9._____________[ s m ri]n.总结；概括；概要
10.______________[sla d]vi. & vt. (使)滑行；
滑动
11._____________[tsu nɑ mi] n. 海啸
12.______________[ m gn tju d]n. (地)震级；重大
13._____________[br k]n. 砖；砖块
14.______________[ l k tr s ti]n.电；电能
15.______________[ b ri]vt. 埋葬；安葬
16._____________[bri ]vi.& vt.呼吸
17._____________[pa p]n.管子；管道
18.______________[ w sl]vi.吹口哨；发出笛声
vt. 吹口哨 n. 哨子(声)；呼啸声 19.______________[e d] n.援助；帮助；救援物
资vi.& vt. (formal) 帮助；援助_ 20._____________[r va v]复活，使苏醒
21.____________[ f t]n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
22._____________[ w zd m]n.智慧；才智
23.____________[p s nt]n. 百分之…… adj.
24.______________[ s f ]vt.遭受；蒙受vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
25.____________[kr ]vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n.撞车
26.____________[swi p]vt. & vi. ( swept, swept) 打扫；
27._____________[ m gn tju d]n. (地)震级；重大
28._____________[ lt ]n.避难处；居所；庇
护vt.保护；掩蔽 vi. 躲避 (风、雨或危险 29.___________[ l ndsla d]n.(山地或悬崖的)
崩塌；滑坡
30.______________[d zɑ st ]n.灾难；灾害
31.___________[t ne d ]龙卷风；旋风
32. _____________[dra t] n.旱灾；久旱
33. _______________[ v kj e t]vt.疏散；撤出 vi.撤离
34. ______________[d θ]n. 死；死亡
35.______________[we v]n.海浪；波浪
36. _______________[d l v ]vt. & vi.递送；传达 vt.发表
37.______________[ f kt]n.影响；结果；
38._______________[l θ] n.长；长度
39._____________[fl d]n. 洪水；大量vi.淹没；涌入
40.______________[ r skju ]n.& vt.营救；
41._______________[ m tl]n.金属
42. ______________[tr p]vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n. 险境；陷阱
43._____________[t p]vi.& vt. 轻叩；轻敲； n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲
44.____________[ m nsi]n.突发事件；紧急情况
45.______________[kɑ m]adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静
46.____________[k t]n.成套工具；成套设备
47._____________[r va v l]n.振兴；复苏
48. ____________[ ju n fa ]vi.& vt. 统一；
49._____________[ k nt kst]n.上下文；语境；
50.______________[v l ke n ]火山
51.______________[ r pt]i.& vt.爆发；
52.____________[ s m ri]n.总结；概括；概要
53._____________[sla d]vi. & vt. (使)滑行；
54._____________[d s tr ]vt. 摧毁 ；毁灭
55.______________[ h r k n]n . 飓风
56.______________[s va v]vi.存活 vt. 幸存；
三、词汇辨析。
1. crash n.撞车;碰撞 v.碰撞;撞击
crash a car/ bus撞汽车/公共汽车
crash into/ onto sth. 撞到某物上
a car/ plane crash汽车/飞机失事
crash site坠毁现场
crash barrier防撞护栏
（1）The motorcycle crashed into the fence
摩托车猛地撞在围栏上。
（2）A lot of passengers were killed in the train crash.
许多旅客在火车车祸中丧生了。
（3）Her best friend was seriously hurt in_________________ .
她最好的朋友在一次车祸中受了重伤。
2.sweep vt. & vi. (swept, swept) 打扫；清扫
sweep away消灭;彻底消除
sweep out打扫干净，清扫干净
sweep through席卷;轻易通过
sweep over环视四周;涌上心头
sweep off扫清;吹走
（1）A sudden feeling of grief(悲痛；忧伤) swept all my anger away.
一阵突如其来的悲伤使我的怒气全消。
（2）Bert swept the path in front of the house.(翻译）
_______________________________________________
（3）This room needs to be well swept_________.
这个房间需要好好清扫一番.
3.strike vi. & vt. (struck, struck/ stricken) 侵袭；突击；击打n.罢课，罢工，袭击
(1)打，击
Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁
(2)敲，撞
strike ten(钟)敲十下
strike a match划火柴
(3)罢工
strike for为…而罢工
be/go on strike在/开始罢工/课
(4)侵袭，袭击
strike the enemy打击敌人
(5)忽然想起
It strikes sb .that某人忽然想起
strike on偶然得到
（1）_________________________playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.我突然意识到，对队里所有的女孩来说，与另一支球队比赛是一个伟大的学习时刻。
4. deliver v 递送，传达n.递送
deliver newspapers送报纸
deliver the goods发货
deliver a speech作报告
deliver a baby接生
deliver sb from danger救某人脱险
deliver to sb’s house送某人到家
（1）We deliver your order to your door. (翻译)
___________________________________________________
（2）I’ll order one today and get it___________(deliver) to you tomorrow.
我今天订一个，明天给你送去。
（3）The strike caused a great delay in the________( deliver) of the mail.这次罢工严重地延误了邮件的投递。
（4）The king delivered a speech to the nation on Nov 5th. (翻译)
___________________________________________________
四、拓展单词
___________ vt.损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失→___________ adj.被损坏的→___________ adj.有破坏性的
____________ vt.摧毁；毁灭→_____________ adj.可毁灭的→___________ n．驱逐舰；破坏者
→___________ n．破坏；毁灭
_____________ n．死；死亡→_____________ adj.失去生命的；呆板的→___________ adj.垂死的→____________ adj.致命的 adv. 极其；非常→_____________ v．死；死亡
_____________ vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→____________ adj.情感的→______________n．喜爱；爱情
_____________ n．避难所；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)→__________adj.受保护的；有遮蔽物的
____________ vt.(使)震惊；震动 n．休克；令人震惊的事；震惊→__________ adj.令人震惊的→_____________ adj.感到震惊的
_____________v．呼吸→___________adj.气喘吁吁的→______________ n．呼吸
_____________ vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒→_______________ n．振兴；复苏
_____________ n．智慧；才智→_______________ adj. 聪明的；有智慧的
____________ vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→__________ n．折磨；苦难
→__________ n．受害者；受难者；患者
____________n．长度；长→____________ v．加长→______________adj.长的
____________n．能力；力量；电力供应；控制力→____________ adj.强大的；有力的→_____________ adj.无能为力的；无权的
____________vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→____________ n．幸存→____________ n．幸存者
______________ vi.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→___________ n．火山爆发；(战争等)爆发
_____________ n．结果；效果；影响→___________ adj.有效的；有影响的→___________ adv.有效地；事实上
_____________ n.海浪；波浪v.挥手→___________ adj.波浪形的
_____________ vi.& vt.侵袭；突击；击打n. 罢工；→___________ adj.引人注目的；显著的
_____________ vt. & vi.递送；传达 vt.发表→___________n. 递送，分娩
_____________ n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力→___________ adj.不费力的；应付自如的
_____________n.突发事件；紧急情况→___________ adj.紧急的；突现的
_____________ adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静→___________ n.平静；镇静；冷静→___________ adv. 镇静地；沉着地
五、短语固定搭配
1．as if ____________________
2．in ruins ___________________
3．in shock __________________
4．set up ___________________
5．as usual _________________
6．come to an end_____________________
7．the number of __________________
8．dig out _________________
9．go through __________________
10．on hand _________________
11．sweep away ________________
12．run to safety _________________
13．in the open air ________________
14．put up_______________
15．carry out　______________
16．in danger _____________
17．first of all ______________
18．as many as_____________
六、单词填空
1. After the earthquake, many things have been transported by car to this ____________ (灾难) area.
2. Out of sympathy for the homeless children, he gave them__________ (避难处)for the night.
3. I need a detailed report about that accident not just a __________ (概要).
4. Witnesses to __________（碰撞）say they saw an explosion just before the disaster.
5. I asked someone else to repair the tap. I had the__________ （水龙头）repaired.
6.She took a deep breath and sat up slowly with great __________ (努力)．
7.I have dreams of this place and wonder what it would be like to __________ (呼吸) this air.
8.Latest reports say that mudslides __________ (埋) entire villages.
9.Don't leave the lights on. It wastes__________ (电)．
10 .His bad habits__________ (毁灭) his chance of having a bright future.
11.We admired his calmness under__________(press)
12.Nobody can entirely keep away from this__________(compete) world.
13．He__________ (trap) in the traffic jam and felt helpless.
14 .It was a shocking story, and we all got __________. (shock)
15 .__________ (bury) himself in the newspaper, he didn't notice what was happening.
16.Years of fighting have left the city in __________ (ruin); it would take a lot of money to rebuild it.
17.We have to wait until the discussion between them comes to __________ end.
18 .With more forests __________ (破坏), huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year.
19.He gave an example of bravery and __________ (智慧)．
20.He has __________ (提供) me with the necessary information.
21．Foreign aid workers will not be allowed into the __________ (受灾的) areas.
22.He trapped me into__________ (admit) I had done it.
23.Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have an effect __________ you most deeply.
24.I must warn you that my patience is almost coming to__________ end.
25．Heavy floods __________ (横扫) away houses, roads, and took away the lives of many.
26.What __________ (strike) me most was their strong desire for knowledge.
27 .The__________ (long) of a paragraph depends on the information it conveys.
七、教材原句翻译。
1．鸡甚至猪都惊恐不安，不愿进食，狗拒绝进入圈舍内。
Chickens and even pigs were —__________________________,and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
2．仿佛到了世界末日！
It seemed _____________________________________________!
3．昨日， 40年来最为强烈的地震引发了冲击亚洲沿海地带的海啸， 造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚和至少其他四个国家6 500多人死亡。
The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, _________________________________ in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries.
4．当时我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭， 海水开始灌入屋内。
I ______________________________ with my three children _________water started filling my home.
5．然而， 由于条件险恶和道路受阻，物资运送将非常困难。
However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will _________________________food and supplies.
八、完成句子。
1．昨天一场可怕的地震袭击了我的家乡， 造成了巨大的破坏。(现在分词短语作结果状语； damage)
___________________________________________________________________
2. 许多房屋和道路被毁， 使许多人受伤或无家可归。(非谓语动词作结果状语；destroy；injure)
___________________________________________________________________
3. 更重要的是， 死亡人数很多。(the number of; death)
___________________________________________________________________
4．似乎世界就要结束了！(it seemed as if; come to an end)
_____________________________________________________________________
5．幸运的是， 士兵们来帮助寻找幸存者， 挖出一些被困在废墟中的人， 埋葬死者。(survivor; trap; in ruins; bury)
_____________________________________________________________________
6．政府为在困境中的人们提供淡水、食物和住所。(provide; shelter)
___________________________________________________________________
Today, natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, landslides, typhoons, hurricanes, tornadoes and tsunamis, often strike towns and villages, causing human deaths or great damage to people’s property. The most dangerous of them is the volcanic eruption. An active volcano can erupt at any time. Its great power can ruin crops, destroy houses and even bury villages. When a tsunami comes, the waves can crash buildings and sweep away crops. Experts say people should remain calm in the face of an emergency. Experts also give a summary of the effect of some natural disasters. Although they affect people’s lives, the effect is not as serious as people imagine.
A great earthquake struck the city and everyone was shocked. Ninety percent of the buildings lay in ruins, metal pipes and taps cracked, and bricks covered the ground. There were ruins everywhere. Many people were trapped at home and suffered a great deal. There was neither electricity nor water. It seemed as if the world were at an end. The government immediately organised rescue teams to evacuate people and take the trapped survivors to shelters in the open air. Some doctors ran over with first aid kits on hand. The helicopters delivered all kinds of supplies and the ambulances whistled by. The PLA also came to their rescue. Thanks to their unified efforts and wisdom, the city began to breathe and revive.
答案：三、
1.3 a car crash
2.2 伯特清扫了屋前的小路。
2.3 out
3.1 It struck me that
4.1 我们送货上门。
4.2 delivered
4.3 delivery
4.4 国王在11月5日向全国发表了讲话。
四、
1. damage→damaged→damaging
2. destroy→destroyable→destroyer→destruction
3. death→dead→dying→deadly→die
4. affect→affective→affection
5. shelter→sheltered
6. shock→shocking→shocked
7. breathe→breathless→breath
8. revive→revival
9. wisdom→wise
10. suffer→suffering→sufferer
11. length→lengthen→long
12. power→powerful→powerless
13. survive→survival→survivor
14. erupt→eruption
15. effect→effective→effectively
16. wave→wavy
17. strike→striking
18. deliver→delivery
19. effort→effortless
20. emergency→emergent
21. calm→calmness→calmly
五、
1. 似乎，好像
2. 严重受损
3. 震惊
4. 建立
5. 像往常一样
6. 结束
7. ……的数量
8. 挖掘
9. 经历
10. 现有
11. 消灭，彻底消除 12. 跑到安全的地方 13. 露天
14. 搭建，举起，张贴 15. 实施，执行
16. 处境危险
17. 首先
18. 多达
六、
1. disaster
2. shelters
3. summary
4. crash
5. tap
6. effort
7. breathe
8. buried
9. electricity
10. destroyed
11. pression
12. competitive
13. trapped
14. shocked
15. Buried
16. ruins
17. an
18. damaged
19.wisdom
20.provided
21.disaster 22.admitting
23.on
24.an
25.swept
26.struck
27.length
七、
1. too never to eat
2. as if the world were coming to an end
3. killing more than 6500 people
4. was having breakfast when
5. make it difficult to deliver
八、
1. A terrible earthquake hit my hometown yesterday, causing great damage.
2. A lot of houses and roads were destroyed, leaving a great many people injured or homeless.
3. What’s more, the number of deaths was large.
4. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end.
5. Luckily, the soldiers came to help look for the survivors, dig out some people who were trapped in ruins and bury the dead.
6. The government provided fresh water, food and shelters for the people in need.