喀什第六中学2021-2022学年度第一学期期中考试
高二英语
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What’s the man doing
A. Making bed.
B. Writing an article.
C. Watching TV.
2. Why didn’t the man take notes
A. He didn’t have the class.
B. He couldn’t hear clearly.
C. He couldn’t see the board.
3. What is the woman
A. A research assistant.
B. A shop assistant.
C. A scientist.
4. What will the man do next
A. Park his car.
B. Move his car.
C. Repair his car.
5. What will the speakers probably do next
A. Go to a local restaurant.
B. Celebrate a birthday.
C. Surf online.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What shape is the man’s car like
A. A bird.
B. An apple.
C. A banana.
7. Who were excited when seeing the car
A. The man’s parents.
B. The man’s children.
C. The man’s friends.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does the woman ask the man about his friend
A. To say hello to him.
B. To get some free tickets.
C. To get a part-time job.
9. What does “don’t push your luck” mean
A. Don’t ask for too much.
B. Bad luck often brings good luck.
C. Desire has no rest.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How many flights are there from Amsterdam to Vienna in a week
A. 5. B. 6. C. 10.
11. What kind of ticket does the man consult about
A. A one-way ticket.
B A return ticket.
C. An economy class ticket.
12. What money will the man pay for the ticket
A. In dollars.
B. In RMB.
C. In euros.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What job is the man doing
A. Designing buildings.
B. Testing equipment.
C. Cleaning windows.
14. What does the man think of his job
A. Dangerous.
B. Interesting.
C. Stressful.
15. How long does it take them to finish the whole building
A. 3 weeks.
B. 2 months.
C. 3 months.
16. Why does the man NOT get a regular job instead
A. This job is challenging.
B. This job is well paid.
C. This job is relaxing.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How does Christy Brown draw pictures
A. With his mouth.
B. With his right foot.
C. With his left foot.
18. What does Stevie Wonder do
A. A painter.
B. A writer.
C. A songwriter.
19. What’s common among the three people mentioned
A. They don’t believe in God but themselves.
B. They have “weak” bodies with “strong” minds.
C. They want to live a common life.
20. What does the speaker want to tell us
A. Disabled persons can also be the winners of the life.
B. Genius only means hardwork all one’s life.
C. One tree does not make a forest.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Alabama: Priester’s Pecans
Dessert in the South basically starts and ends with an ooey-gooey pecan(核桃) pie. Especially in Alabama, where the pecan is the official state nut. While there are plenty of farms that pick and package pecans, perhaps the most famous is Priester’s, a family-run business that’s been supplying Alabama with its favorite nuts for over seven decades.
Alaska: Salmon jerky
Forget beef jerky(肉干)—in Alaska, it’s all about the salmon jerky. Home to five different species of the flavorful fish (king, red, pink, silver, and chum), the northernmost state produces nearly one-third of the wild salmon consumed around the world. Bonus: Salmon is one of the seven healthiest fish you can eat.
Arizona: Saguaro cactus
The largest cactus(仙人掌) in the United States, the saguaro cactus is found only in Arizona’s Sonoran Desert. Living to be up to 200 years old, the cacti, whose flower is also the state’s flower, are generally around 30 feet tall and can grow unlimited arms. Want to see for yourself Visit one of these 10 outstanding desert escapes in America.
California: Wine Guide
It isn’t called “Wine Country” for no reason. Northern California, specifically Napa Valley and Sonoma Valley, produce over 60,000 registered wine labels, making vino(酒类产品) the state’s most valuable agricultural product. If you’re looking for the most popular varietals(优质酿酒葡萄汁), the top two frequently planted grapes are chardonnay and cabernet sauvignon.
1. How long has the Priester’s farm lasted
A. About 7 years. B. About 30 years.
C. About 70 years. D. About 200 years.
2. Which state is famous for salmon
A. Alaska. B. Arizona.
C. Alabama. D. California.
3. Where does the text probably come from
A. A library guide. B. A news report.
C. A project handbook. D. A travel guide.
B
My wife and I were at a crowded grocery store not long ago. It was a weekday evening, cold and wet-and tense. People were carelessly blocking aisles, complaining and cutting one another off with their carts.
Things got worse at the checkout line. The cashier scanned a man’s discount card, but he misread the savings on her screen as an additional charge. He decided she was acting deliberately and began to argue.
“She is being spiteful (恶意的) !” he yelled. “This is unbelievable.”
Other customers looked away as the cashier tried to reason with him. She called a manager, who accompanied him to customer service. Shaken, she moved to the next customer in line.
We’ve all witnessed uncomfortable scenes like this in public places. The grocery scene was another example of how our trust in others has eroded. But it was also a teachable moment on how we can rebuild our faith-starting with just one person.
Back at the grocery store, my wife and I reached our uneasy cashier. I grabbed a bottle of water from a nearby cooler and handed it to her. “We felt bad about how that man treated you and wanted to buy this for you.” I said. Her face lit up, and we talked as she scanned our items. She told us she had been working that evening through severe foot pain and would be having surgery later that week. We wished her well in her recovery, and she thanked us as we left.
Those are the balancing acts the moments of responding social and emotional pain with healing, which will add up to restore trust among people. You can start that pattern in someone else’s life, even in a place as ordinary as the neighborhood grocery store.
4. Why did the man at the checkout line argue with the cashier
A. The cashier called a manager to help her.
B. Someone jumped the queue waiting to check out.
C. There was something wrong with his discount card.
D. He believed the cashier charged him more on purpose.
5. The underlined word “eroded” in Paragraph 5 probably means ________.
A. changed B. increased
C. faded D. formed
6. The author bought a bottle of water for the cashier because ________.
A. he thought the cashier might feel a little bit thirsty
B. he knew she had gone through much trouble recently
C. he wanted to restore the trust between her and the man
D. he wanted to comfort her after the terrible experience just now
7. The last paragraph in the passage is intended to ________.
A. add a warning B. make a suggestion
C. introduce a topic D. present an argument
C
One of the most important things in the world is friendship． In order to have friends， you have to be a friend． But how can you be a good friend at school？
Listen ﹣ Listen when they are talking． Don't say anything unless they ask you a question． Sometimes it's not necessary for you to have anything to say； they just need someone to talk to about their feelings．
Help them ﹣ If your friend is ever in need of something， be there to help them． You should try to put them first， but make sure you don't do everything they want you to do． Try to take an extra pencil or pen with you to classes in case they forget one． Have a little extra money in your pocket in case they forget something they need．
Be there for them ﹣ Be there for your friends to help make them feel better in hard times． Marilyn Monroe， a famous U．S． actor， once said， "I often make mistakes． Sometimes I am out of control， but if you can't stay with me at my worst， you are sure not to deserve to be with me at my best．" Always remember this! If you don't want to stay with your friends when they're in hard times， then you don't deserve to be with them when they're having a good time!
Make plans ﹣ Try to make plans with your friends． Go shopping， go for ice cream， have a party， go to a movie and so on． Take time to know each other even better by doing something you both enjoy． By planning things together， you both can have a good time． And you'll remember these things when you're all old!
8. While your friend is talking to you about his or her feelings， you should ．
A. give him or her some advice
B. calm him or her down
C. just listen unless asked
D. share your feelings as well
9. When we provide help for our friends， we should ．
A. put them before ourselves
B. try to do everything for them
C. change their bad habits first
D. ignore their faults
10. What can we learn from Marilyn Monroe's words？
A. Life without a friend is death．
B. A friend is easier lost than found．
C. A man is known by his friends．
D. A friend in need is a friend indeed．
11. What is probably the best title for the test？
A. How to find a good friend．
B. How to be a good friend．
C. How to help friends in trouble．
D. How to make more friends．
D
Even plant can run a fever， especially when they're under attack by insects or disease． But unlike human， plants can have their temperature taken from 3，000 feet away straight up． A decade ago， adopting the infrared（红外线） scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites， physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress． The goal was to let farmers precisely（精确的） target pesticide（杀虫剂） spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field， which always includes plants that don't have pest problems．
Even better， Paley's Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye． Fixed on a plane flown at 3，000 feet at night， an infrared scanner measured the heat sent out by crops． The data were transformed into a color﹣coded map showing where plants were running "fevers"． Farmers could then spot﹣spray， using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide that they otherwise would．
The bad news is that Paley's company closed down in 1984， after only three years． Farmers resisted the new technology and long﹣term supporters were hard to find． But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce and refinements（改进） in infrared scanning， Paley hopes to get back into operation． Agriculture experts have no doubt that the technology works． "This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States，" says George Oerther of Texas A& M， who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture， thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade． But only if Paley finds the financial support which he failed to obtain 10years ago．
12. Plants will give out an increased amount of heat when they are ．
A. facing an infrared scanner
B. sprayed with pesticides
C. exposed to extreme sun rays
D. in poor physical condition
13. In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely， we can use infrared scanning to ．
A. draw a color﹣coded map
B. evaluate the damage to the crops
C. locate the problem area
D. measure the size of the affected area
14. The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties of ．
A. the lack of official support
B. its high cost
C. the lack of financial support
D. its failure to help increase production
15. Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of ．
A. full support from agricultural experts
B. the forceful promotion by the Department of Agriculture
C. the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produce
D. growing concern about the over use of pesticides on crops
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lead has proved to be a useful metal. ___16___ It goes into car batteries and also helps make bright pigments, used to paint walls, metal work and toys.
___17___ In the worst cases it causes comas（昏迷）and death. More often its effects are slow but harmful. Research shows that lead is a threat to little babies, who are most likely to take in dust and paint chips that contain lead. Their brains can be easily harmed. ___18___
The dangers of lead have long been known. American banned it from paint 40 years ago and by the late 1990s leaded petrol had been stopped gradually in almost all rich countries. But the effects continue to exist. ___19___ The situation is more alarming in the poor world, where the use of lead-based paints is spreading. As people in Asia and Africa become richer, they start to decorate their homes, but the paint they use, even from pots labeled "lead-free" often contains it.
It is neither difficult nor expensive to stop using lead. ___20___ And industrial use is no exception, because the contamination （污染物）spreads and industrial paint inevitably finds its way into the consumer market. Yet only four sub-Saharan African countries have formally placed bans and local factories are often unaware of the harm that lead causes.
A. Yet lead is also a poison.
B. It turns up everywhere.
C. All countries should ban lead in paint.
D. Half a million American children are diagnosed with lead poisoning.
E. There is no excuse for poor countries to repeat the mistake of rich ones.
F. Taking some simple precautions can help protect you and your family from lead exposure.
G. But only years after exposure are the results apparent in lower IQ and learning disabilities.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough Success ___21___ fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the___22___ in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no way of knowing that his life was to change completely. The class experiment that day was to___23___ how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling(冒泡)to the surface.___24___, the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat ___25___ held something more volatile(易挥发的)than water. When Wilson heated it, the container___26___ , leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents attempted to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had ______27______ their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as catastrophic. He learned braille(盲文)quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a（n）___28___ public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from___29___ for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to ____30____ his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue ____31____ it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the___32___ Wilson made to preventing the preventable.
Wilson received several international ______33______ for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a___34___. He proved that it's not what happens to us that ___35___ our lives — it's what we make of what happens.
21. A. depends B. holds C. keeps D. reflects
22. A. dilemmas B. accidents C. events D. steps
23. A. direct B. show C. advocate D. declare
24. A. Anyway B. Moreover C. Somehow D. Thus
25. A. mistakenly B. casually C. amazingly D. clumsily
26. A. erupted B. exploded C. emptied D. exposed
27. A. submitted to B. catered for C. impressed on D. happened to
28. A. accomplished B. crucial C. specific D. innocent
29. A. deafness B. depression C. blindness D. speechlessness
30. A. decide B. abandon C. control D. accept
31. A. until B. when C. unless D. before
32. A. opposition B. adjustments C. commitment D. limitations
33. A. scholarships B. rewards C. awards D. bonuses
34. A. fortune B. recipe C. dream D. vision
35. A. distinguishes B. determines C. claims D. limits
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Our bodies can be younger or older than our actual age ___36___ (depend) upon diet, lifestyle choices and physical activity. This is called biological (生理的) age, ___37___ could be different from the age on your driver's license, which ___38___ (call) chronological (时间的) age. ___39___ recent study of over 900 adults who were tracked for 12 years, from ages 26-38, ___40___ (show) that people who were aging faster, meaning that their biological age was higher than their chronological age, were not as healthy or ___41___ (physical) fit. This group was also more likely ___42___ (have) cognitive decline (认知衰退) and was at a ___43___ (great) risk for age-related health conditions.
A growing body of research proves that the keys to aging successfully are a ___44___ (combine) of exercising regularly, keeping busy with life, and maintaining a healthy diet with nutritious foods. These three key elements could contribute ____45____ aging gracefully, and successfully, too.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，希望通过外籍老师John找一位英语笔友。请写一封信，描述一下你理想中笔友条件，并说明为什么选这样的笔友。具体条件包括：
1.年龄；
2.性别；
3.爱好（旅游、运动、养宠物等）。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计人总词数；
3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear John,
I’m writing to ask whether you are able to do me a favour.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落的开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last Saturday, David was taking a walk in the park near his home when he noticed a woman with a boy of about eight years old. When David passed them, he heard the woman yell, “How stupid you are! You′re good at nothing.” David stopped and looked at the little boy. The boy said nothing. He just stood there, looking upset.
David was reminded of his English teacher Mrs. Brown in middle school. After he entered middle school, David lacked self-confidence because he was often made fun of by others.
He was told that he was good at nothing, which David believed. But one day it all changed.
In an English writing class, Mrs. Brown asked them to read a novel and write a new essay for the novel after finishing reading. A few days later, David handed in his story. He didn′t give it much thought. But the next day, to his surprise, the comment “well done” from Mrs. Brown came into view the moment he turned to the page where the story was written.
When David saw that, he almost burst into tears. He never expected to be praised one day. He suddenly gained some self-confidence.
That day, after he returned home he wrote a short story and gave it to Mrs. Brown the next morning. And again he was praised.
David became very interested in writing. He often wrote short stories and asked Mrs. Brown to read and correct them for him. Mrs. Brown always pointed out the mistakes he had made and gave him good advice to improve them. One year later, David joined the school newspaper and became an editor of it. He was no longer the boy who lacked self-confidence. He gained his confidence and was hopeful about his future.
He succeeded in entering college and kept writing. Several years after graduating from college, he had his first book published. With more books coming out, he became famous as a writer in his country. And he owed his success to Mrs. Brown′s encouragement. Without her encouragement, his life might be very different now.
Paragraph 1:
Inspired by his own life story, David decided to do something for that boy.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The mother was ashamed when she heard that. She realized that she shouldn′t have called her son stupid, which would make him lose confidence in himself. So she said, “Thank you for your advice. I′ll never say such things to him again. Instead, I′ll find out what he′s good at and encourage him.” The woman then left with the boy. Looking at the back of the boy, David felt happy, hoping his action could make some confidence to the boy.
注意：
1.续写词数应为80左右；
2.请按格式作答。2021-2022学年新疆喀什市高二上学期期中考试英语试题
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What’s the man doing
A. Making bed.
B. Writing an article.
C. Watching TV.
2. Why didn’t the man take notes
A. He didn’t have the class.
B. He couldn’t hear clearly.
C. He couldn’t see the board.
3. What is the woman
A. A research assistant.
B. A shop assistant.
C. A scientist.
4. What will the man do next
A. Park his car.
B. Move his car.
C. Repair his car.
5. What will the speakers probably do next
A. Go to a local restaurant.
B. Celebrate a birthday.
C. Surf online.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What shape is the man’s car like
A. A bird.
B. An apple.
C. A banana.
7. Who were excited when seeing the car
A. The man’s parents.
B. The man’s children.
C. The man’s friends.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does the woman ask the man about his friend
A. To say hello to him.
B. To get some free tickets.
C. To get a part-time job.
9. What does “don’t push your luck” mean
A. Don’t ask for too much.
B. Bad luck often brings good luck.
C. Desire has no rest.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10 How many flights are there from Amsterdam to Vienna in a week
A. 5. B. 6. C. 10.
11. What kind of ticket does the man consult about
A. A one-way ticket.
B. A return ticket.
C. An economy class ticket.
12. What money will the man pay for the ticket
A. In dollars.
B. In RMB.
C. In euros.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What job is the man doing
A. Designing buildings.
B. Testing equipment.
C. Cleaning windows.
14. What does the man think of his job
A. Dangerous.
B. Interesting.
C. Stressful.
15. How long does it take them to finish the whole building
A. 3 weeks.
B. 2 months.
C. 3 months.
16. Why does the man NOT get a regular job instead
A. This job is challenging.
B. This job is well paid.
C. This job is relaxing.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How does Christy Brown draw pictures
A. With his mouth.
B. With his right foot.
C. With his left foot.
18. What does Stevie Wonder do
A. A painter.
B. A writer.
C. A songwriter.
19. What’s common among the three people mentioned
A. They don’t believe in God but themselves.
B. They have “weak” bodies with “strong” minds.
C. They want to live a common life.
20. What does the speaker want to tell us
A. Disabled persons can also be the winners of the life.
B. Genius only means hardwork all one’s life.
C. One tree does not make a forest.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Alabama: Priester’s Pecans
Dessert in the South basically starts and ends with an ooey-gooey pecan(核桃) pie. Especially in Alabama, where the pecan is the official state nut. While there are plenty of farms that pick and package pecans, perhaps the most famous is Priester’s, a family-run business that’s been supplying Alabama with its favorite nuts for over seven decades.
Alaska: Salmon jerky
Forget beef jerky(肉干)—in Alaska, it’s all about the salmon jerky. Home to five different species of the flavorful fish (king, red, pink, silver, and chum), the northernmost state produces nearly one-third of the wild salmon consumed around the world. Bonus: Salmon is one of the seven healthiest fish you can eat.
Arizona: Saguaro cactus
The largest cactus(仙人掌) in the United States, the saguaro cactus is found only in Arizona’s Sonoran Desert. Living to be up to 200 years old, the cacti, whose flower is also the state’s flower, are generally around 30 feet tall and can grow unlimited arms. Want to see for yourself Visit one of these 10 outstanding desert escapes in America.
California: Wine Guide
It isn’t called “Wine Country” for no reason. Northern California, specifically Napa Valley and Sonoma Valley, produce over 60,000 registered wine labels, making vino(酒类产品) the state’s most valuable agricultural product. If you’re looking for the most popular varietals(优质酿酒葡萄汁), the top two frequently planted grapes are chardonnay and cabernet sauvignon.
1. How long has the Priester’s farm lasted
A. About 7 years. B. About 30 years.
C. About 70 years. D. About 200 years.
2. Which state is famous for salmon
A. Alaska. B. Arizona.
C Alabama. D. California.
3. Where does the text probably come from
A. A library guide. B. A news report.
C. A project handbook. D. A travel guide.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Alabama、Alaska、Arizona以及California的特产。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“…perhaps the most famous is Priester’s, a family-run business that’s been supplying Alabama with its favorite nuts for over seven decades.”可知，Priester’s是一家家族企业，70多年来一直向阿拉巴马州供应人们最喜爱的山核桃。因此可判断出Priester’s farm已经经营了大约70多年了。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Home to five different species of the flavorful fish, the northernmost state produces nearly one-third of the wild salmon consumed around the world.”可知，这个最北部的州产有五种不同的美味鱼类，全世界消费的野生三文鱼中有三分之一产于阿拉斯加州。因此可知Alaska州以三文鱼而闻名。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了Alabama、Alaska、Arizona以及California的特产。因此可推断出文章可能选自一本旅游手册。故选D项。
B
My wife and I were at a crowded grocery store not long ago. It was a weekday evening, cold and wet-and tense. People were carelessly blocking aisles, complaining and cutting one another off with their carts.
Things got worse at the checkout line. The cashier scanned a man’s discount card, but he misread the savings on her screen as an additional charge. He decided she was acting deliberately and began to argue.
“She is being spiteful (恶意的) !” he yelled. “This is unbelievable.”
Other customers looked away as the cashier tried to reason with him. She called a manager, who accompanied him to customer service. Shaken, she moved to the next customer in line.
We’ve all witnessed uncomfortable scenes like this in public places. The grocery scene was another example of how our trust in others has eroded. But it was also a teachable moment on how we can rebuild our faith-starting with just one person.
Back at the grocery store, my wife and I reached our uneasy cashier. I grabbed a bottle of water from a nearby cooler and handed it to her. “We felt bad about how that man treated you and wanted to buy this for you.” I said. Her face lit up, and we talked as she scanned our items. She told us she had been working that evening through severe foot pain and would be having surgery later that week. We wished her well in her recovery, and she thanked us as we left.
Those are the balancing acts, the moments of responding social and emotional pain with healing, which will add up to restore trust among people. You can start that pattern in someone else’s life, even in a place as ordinary as the neighborhood grocery store.
4. Why did the man at the checkout line argue with the cashier
A. The cashier called a manager to help her.
B. Someone jumped the queue waiting to check out.
C. There was something wrong with his discount card.
D. He believed the cashier charged him more on purpose.
5. The underlined word “eroded” in Paragraph 5 probably means ________.
A. changed B. increased
C. faded D. formed
6. The author bought a bottle of water for the cashier because ________.
A. he thought the cashier might feel a little bit thirsty
B. he knew she had gone through much trouble recently
C. he wanted to restore the trust between her and the man
D. he wanted to comfort her after the terrible experience just now
7. The last paragraph in the passage is intended to ________.
A. add a warning B. make a suggestion
C. introduce a topic D. present an argument
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和妻子在百货商场遇到的一桩关于人与人之间相互信任的故事。
4题详解】
细节理解题。第二段最后一句“He decided she was acting deliberately and began to argue.”可知收银台前的那个人和收银员争吵的因为是他断定她是故意的，故选D。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据后文“But it was also a teachable moment on how we can rebuild our faith-starting with just one person.”可知，因为信任正在“慢慢消失”因此需要“重建”，故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。第六段第三句“We felt bad about how that man treated you and wanted to buy this for you.”可知作者为收银员买了一瓶水的原因是想为她刚刚糟糕的经历安慰她，故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“You can start that pattern in someone else’s life, even in a place as ordinary as the neighborhood grocery store.”可知最后一段，作者提出你可以在别人的生活中开始这种模式，是在提出建议。故选B。
C
One of the most important things in the world is friendship． In order to have friends， you have to be a friend． But how can you be a good friend at school？
Listen ﹣ Listen when they are talking． Don't say anything unless they ask you a question． Sometimes it's not necessary for you to have anything to say； they just need someone to talk to about their feelings．
Help them ﹣ If your friend is ever in need of something， be there to help them． You should try to put them first， but make sure you don't do everything they want you to do． Try to take an extra pencil or pen with you to classes in case they forget one． Have a little extra money in your pocket in case they forget something they need．
Be there for them ﹣ Be there for your friends to help make them feel better in hard times． Marilyn Monroe， a famous U．S． actor， once said， "I often make mistakes． Sometimes I am out of control， but if you can't stay with me at my worst， you are sure not to deserve to be with me at my best．" Always remember this! If you don't want to stay with your friends when they're in hard times， then you don't deserve to be with them when they're having a good time!
Make plans ﹣ Try to make plans with your friends． Go shopping， go for ice cream， have a party， go to a movie and so on． Take time to know each other even better by doing something you both enjoy． By planning things together， you both can have a good time． And you'll remember these things when you're all old!
8. While your friend is talking to you about his or her feelings， you should ．
A. give him or her some advice
B. calm him or her down
C. just listen unless asked
D. share your feelings as well
9. When we provide help for our friends， we should ．
A. put them before ourselves
B. try to do everything for them
C. change their bad habits first
D. ignore their faults
10. What can we learn from Marilyn Monroe's words？
A. Life without a friend is death．
B. A friend is easier lost than found．
C. A man is known by his friends．
D. A friend in need is a friend indeed．
11. What is probably the best title for the test？
A. How to find a good friend．
B. How to be a good friend．
C. How to help friends in trouble．
D. How to make more friends．
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文，介绍了友谊是生命中最重要的东西之一，怎样让自己成为一个好朋友，要做到以下几点：学会倾听朋友的心声；在朋友需要的时候帮助朋友；平时生活中为朋友着想，尤其在他们困难时；和朋友们一起做一些计划。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二 段when they are talking．Don't say anything unless they ask you a question．可得知应该要学会倾听，当朋友需要你说话时才开口。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。在第三段中You should try to put them first看出，当朋友需要帮助时，你应该把朋友的事情放在第一的位置。故答案为A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二 段I often make mistakes．Sometimes I am out of control．But if you can't stay with me at my worst，you are sure not to deserve to be with me at my best．可知如果你不能再朋友最困难的时候帮助他，那你也不配做他的朋友，患难见真情。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章开篇明义，In order to have friends，you have to be a friend．概述了我们要努力成为一个合格的朋友，下文的内容都是在讲如何成为一个称职的朋友：学会倾听，帮助朋友。故选B。
【点睛】抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心
要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。本题第4小题，文章开篇明义，In order to have friends，you have to be a friend．概述了我们要努力成为一个合格的朋友，下文的内容都是在讲如何成为一个称职的朋友：学会倾听，帮助朋友。故选B。
D
Even plant can run a fever， especially when they're under attack by insects or disease． But unlike human， plants can have their temperature taken from 3，000 feet away straight up． A decade ago， adopting the infrared（红外线） scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites， physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress． The goal was to let farmers precisely（精确的） target pesticide（杀虫剂） spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field， which always includes plants that don't have pest problems．
Even better， Paley's Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye． Fixed on a plane flown at 3，000 feet at night， an infrared scanner measured the heat sent out by crops． The data were transformed into a color﹣coded map showing where plants were running "fevers"． Farmers could then spot﹣spray， using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide that they otherwise would．
The bad news is that Paley's company closed down in 1984， after only three years． Farmers resisted the new technology and long﹣term supporters were hard to find． But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce and refinements（改进） in infrared scanning， Paley hopes to get back into operation． Agriculture experts have no doubt that the technology works． "This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States，" says George Oerther of Texas A& M， who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture， thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade． But only if Paley finds the financial support which he failed to obtain 10years ago．
12. Plants will give out an increased amount of heat when they are ．
A. facing an infrared scanner
B sprayed with pesticides
C. exposed to extreme sun rays
D. in poor physical condition
13. In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely， we can use infrared scanning to ．
A. draw a color﹣coded map
B. evaluate the damage to the crops
C. locate the problem area
D. measure the size of the affected area
14. The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties of ．
A. the lack of official support
B. its high cost
C. the lack of financial support
D. its failure to help increase production
15. Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of ．
A. full support from agricultural experts
B. the forceful promotion by the Department of Agriculture
C. the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produce
D. growing concern about the over use of pesticides on crops
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是植物生病以后温度也会升高，我们可以利用这一点来确定生病植物的具体地点。
【12题详解】
推理题。根据文章第一段第一句Even plant can run a fever， especially when they're under attack by insects or disease．和第二段第二句Mounted on a plane flown at 3， 000 feet at night， an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted （排放，散发，发出） bycrops．可知植物在发烧的时候，会散发出比平时更多的热量。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理题。根据文章第二段第三句The data were transtormed into a color﹣coded map showing where plants wererunningfevers．可知人们可以使用红外线扫描来确定哪里的植物发烧了，也就是说确定问题区域。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理题。根据文章最后一句But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago，可知第一次Paley失败主要是因为他没有获得足够的资金支持。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理题。根据文章最后一段第三句But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce，and refinements（改良，改进） in infrared scanning，Paley hopes to get back into operation．可知人们现在担心粮食上农药的使用量过高，要减少农药使用，就需要Paley的方法。故选D。
【点睛】做推理判断题时，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。本题第2小题，根据文章第二段第三句The data were transtormed into a color﹣coded map showing where plants wererunningfevers．可知人们可以使用红外线扫描来确定哪里的植物发烧了，也就是说确定问题区域。故选C。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lead has proved to be a useful metal. ___16___ It goes into car batteries and also helps make bright pigments, used to paint walls, metal work and toys.
___17___ In the worst cases it causes comas（昏迷）and death. More often its effects are slow but harmful. Research shows that lead is a threat to little babies, who are most likely to take in dust and paint chips that contain lead. Their brains can be easily harmed. ___18___
The dangers of lead have long been known. American banned it from paint 40 years ago, and by the late 1990s leaded petrol had been stopped gradually in almost all rich countries. But the effects continue to exist. ___19___ The situation is more alarming in the poor world, where the use of lead-based paints is spreading. As people in Asia and Africa become richer, they start to decorate their homes, but the paint they use, even from pots labeled "lead-free" often contains it.
It is neither difficult nor expensive to stop using lead. ___20___ And industrial use is no exception, because the contamination （污染物）spreads and industrial paint inevitably finds its way into the consumer market. Yet only four sub-Saharan African countries have formally placed bans and local factories are often unaware of the harm that lead causes.
A. Yet lead is also a poison.
B. It turns up everywhere.
C. All countries should ban lead in paint.
D. Half a million American children are diagnosed with lead poisoning.
E. There is no excuse for poor countries to repeat the mistake of rich ones.
F. Taking some simple precautions can help protect you and your family from lead exposure.
G. But only years after exposure are the results apparent in lower IQ and learning disabilities.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. G 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了铅的应用及危害。
【16题详解】
根据空后的“It goes into car batteries and also helps make bright pigments, used to paint walls, metal work and toys.”可知，它可用于汽车电池，也可用于制造明亮的颜料，用于粉刷墙壁、金属制品和玩具，故B项（它的应用很广泛）符合语境。
【17题详解】
根据空后的“In the worst cases it causes comas（昏迷）and death.”可知，在最严重的情况是它可以导致昏迷和死亡，故A项（然而，铅也有毒）符合语境。
【18题详解】
根据空前的“Research shows that lead is a threat to little babies, who are most likely to take in dust and paint chips that contain lead. Their brains can be easily harmed.”可知，研究表明，铅对婴儿是一种威胁，他们最有可能吸入含有铅的灰尘和涂料碎片，这让他们的大脑很容易受到伤害，故G项（但仅仅几年之后，这一结果就在智商和学习障碍方面显现出来）符合语境。
【19题详解】
根据空前的“But the effects continue to exist.”可知，铅的影响仍然存在，此处举例说明它的影响，故D项（50万美国儿童被诊断出铅中毒）符合语境。
【20题详解】
根据空后的“And industrial use is no exception”可知，应全面禁止铅的使用，工业用途也不例外，故C项（所有国家都应该禁止涂料中含铅）符合语境。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success ___21___ fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the___22___ in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no way of knowing that his life was to change completely. The class experiment that day was to___23___ how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling(冒泡)to the surface.___24___, the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat ___25___ held something more volatile(易挥发的)than water. When Wilson heated it, the container___26___ , leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents attempted to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had ______27______ their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as catastrophic. He learned braille(盲文)quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a（n）___28___ public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from___29___ for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to ____30____ his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue ____31____ it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the___32___ Wilson made to preventing the preventable.
Wilson received several international ______33______ for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a___34___. He proved that it's not what happens to us that ___35___ our lives — it's what we make of what happens.
21. A. depends B. holds C. keeps D. reflects
22. A. dilemmas B. accidents C. events D. steps
23. A. direct B. show C. advocate D. declare
24. A. Anyway B. Moreover C. Somehow D. Thus
25. A. mistakenly B. casually C. amazingly D. clumsily
26. A. erupted B. exploded C. emptied D. exposed
27. A. submitted to B. catered for C. impressed on D. happened to
28. A. accomplished B. crucial C. specific D. innocent
29. A. deafness B. depression C. blindness D. speechlessness
30. A. decide B. abandon C. control D. accept
31. A. until B. when C. unless D. before
32. A. opposition B. adjustments C. commitment D. limitations
33. A. scholarships B. rewards C. awards D. bonuses
34. A. fortune B. recipe C. dream D. vision
35. A. distinguishes B. determines C. claims D. limits
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。因为一次意外，威尔逊失明了。但是，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是努力地学习，接受教育。他通过自己的努力帮助很多人恢复了视力，获得了很多国际大奖。他的例子告诉我们：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. depends依靠；B. holds握，持有；C. keeps保持；D. reflects反映。仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。成功从根本上“取决于”我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend on：取决于。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. dilemmas进退两难的处境；B. accidents意外事故；C. events事，事件；D. steps脚步，步骤。结合文章最后一句“He proved that it’s not what happens to us that …our lives-it’s what we make of what happens”可知，我们对所发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。空处对应what happens(发生的事)。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天的课堂实验是为了展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。A. direct指导，引导；B. show展示；C. advocate提倡，倡导；D. declare宣布。结合后文how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling to the surface可知那天的课堂实验的目的是“展示（show）”加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. Anyway无论如何，不管怎样；B. Moreover而且；C. Somehow不知怎么地；D. Thus因此。结合上下文语境可知，不知怎么的（Somehow），老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. mistakenly错误地；B. casually随意地；C. amazingly令人惊奇地；D. clumsily笨拙地。因为老师“误（mistakenly）”在容器里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水，结果导致了爆炸的发生。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致威尔逊失明。A. erupted爆发，喷出；B. exploded爆炸；C. emptied腾空，掏空；D. exposed揭露，使暴露。因为容器内装的不是水，而是更容易挥发的物质，所以，当威尔逊把它加热时，容器“爆炸”了，导致Wilson失明。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. submitted to提交，服从……；B. catered for迎合；C. impressed on给……留下印象；D. happened to发生。结合语境可知，这场事故“发生（ happened to）”在了威尔逊一家人的生活中。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家。A. accomplished才华高的，有成就的；B. crucial至关重要的，关键性的；C. specific特定的，具体的；D. innocent无辜的，天真的。前一句提到威尔逊很快学会了盲文，并在伍斯特盲人学院继续接受教育。结合该句中的not only…but also…可以推知，他不仅是个好学生，而且是个非常好的公共演说家。选项中只有A选项表达此意。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他在非洲工作，那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。A. deafness聋，听力不佳；B. depression沮丧；C. blindness瞎；D. speechlessness哑口无言。结合后文中的“And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the…Wilson made to preventing the…”可知，很多人因为威尔逊的努力而复明。由此推知，在非洲，有很多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而“失明”。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. decide决定；B. abandon抛弃；C. control控制；D. accept接受。根据上文中的“But Wilson did not regard the accident as… He learned braille(盲文)quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)… public speaker”可知，威尔逊失明之后，他没有抱怨命运的不公，反而努力进取，由此推知，他“接受”了自己失明的事实。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. until直到；B. when在……情况下，当……时候；C. unless如果不；D. before在……之前。很容易解决那么多人失明的情况下，让他们继续失明下去完全是另一回事。when此处表示“在……情况下”符合语境。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都可以恢复视力了。A. opposition反对；B. adjustments调整，调节；C. commitment奉献，投入；D. limitations限制。根据前文中的“This moved him to action”可知，威尔逊行动起来，努力地去预防那些可以预防的情况。因为他的“奉献”，很多人恢复了视力。该空和后文中great contributions呼应。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。A. scholarships奖学金；B. rewards奖励，回报；C. awards奖，奖品；D. bonuses红利，津贴。因为他的巨大贡献，威尔逊获得了几个国际“大奖”。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他失明了，但“眼界”开阔。A. fortune运气，财富；B. recipe食谱，秘诀；C. dream梦，梦想；D. vision视野，眼界。根据前文叙述可知，虽然威尔逊失明了，但是他却通过努力，帮助了很多人，为世界做出了巨大贡献。由此推知，他虽然看不见，但是他的“眼界”开阔，做到了很多人都做不到的事情。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们如何看待发生的事情。A. distinguishes区分，辨别；B. determines决定；C. claims宣称；D. limits限制。结合第一段中的“Success …fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the …in our lives”可知，成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。即：并不是发生的事情“决定”我们的生活，而是我们对发生的事情的看法“决定”了我们的生活。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Our bodies can be younger or older than our actual age ___36___ (depend) upon diet, lifestyle choices and physical activity. This is called biological (生理的) age, ___37___ could be different from the age on your driver's license, which ___38___ (call) chronological (时间的) age. ___39___ recent study of over 900 adults who were tracked for 12 years, from ages 26-38, ___40___ (show) that people who were aging faster, meaning that their biological age was higher than their chronological age, were not as healthy or ___41___ (physical) fit. This group was also more likely ___42___ (have) cognitive decline (认知衰退) and was at a ___43___ (great) risk for age-related health conditions.
A growing body of research proves that the keys to aging successfully are a ___44___ (combine) of exercising regularly, keeping busy with life, and maintaining a healthy diet with nutritious foods. These three key elements could contribute ____45____ aging gracefully, and successfully, too.
【答案】36. depending
37. which 38. is called
39. A 40. showed
41. physically
42. to have
43. greater
bination
45. to
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生理年龄高于实际年龄的人衰老的速度更快以及延缓衰老的几个关键因素。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的身体可能比实际年龄更年轻，也可能比实际年龄更老，这取决于我们的饮食、生活方式和体育活动。Our bodies与depend之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作状语，故填depending。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这叫作生理年龄,不同于你驾照上的实际年龄。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为biological age，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导，故填which。
【38题详解】
考查时态语态。句意同上。which 指代的是先行词the age on your driver's license，与call之间是被动关系，且为客观事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is called。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：最近的一项研究对900多名成年人进行了为期12年的跟踪调查，他们的年龄从26岁到38岁不等。研究显示，那些衰老速度更快的人，也就是他们的生理年龄高于实际年龄的人，健康状况或身体状况都不那么好。study表示“研究”时是可数名词，此处泛指“一项研究”，故填A。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意同上。事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故填showed。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意同上。修饰形容词fit用副词，故填physically。
42题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：这组人也更有可能出现认知能力下降，并且患上与年龄有关的健康问题的风险更大。be likely to do表示“有可能……”，故填to have。
【43题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意同上。此处有一个隐晦的比较意义，是这组人与其他人的比较，故填greater。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：越来越多的研究证明，延缓衰老的关键是经常锻炼，保持忙碌的生活，保持健康的饮食这三者的结合。a combination of表示“……与……的结合”，故填combination。
【45题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：这三个关键因素可能有助于优雅地老去和延缓衰老。contribute to表示“有助于”，故填to。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，希望通过外籍老师John找一位英语笔友。请写一封信，描述一下你理想中笔友的条件，并说明为什么选这样的笔友。具体条件包括：
1.年龄；
2.性别；
3.爱好（旅游、运动、养宠物等）。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计人总词数；
3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear John,
I’m writing to ask whether you are able to do me a favour.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear John,
I’m writing to ask whether you are able to do me a favour.
I want to have a penfriend, hopefully a boy in his early twenties. He should be interested in travelling, swimming, and playing table tennis. Besides, it would be better for him to have a pet dog as I have kept one at home, With such a penfriend, I hope we can share with our experiences in travelling, taking care of pets and so on. I hope I will improve my English by doing so.
I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生给外籍老师写信，请求帮忙找一位笔友。
【详解】词汇积累
帮助：help→do me a favour /give me a hand
对…感兴趣： be interested in →take an interest in/ be fond of
照顾： look after→ take care of / care for
收到某人来信：hear from →receive a letter from sb.
句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I want to have a penfriend, hopefully a boy in his early twenties.
拓展句：I want to have a pen friend, who is hopefully a boy in his early twenties.
【点睛】[高分句式1] I’m writing to ask whether you are able to do me a favour.（运用了whether引导的宾语从句）
[高分句式2] Besides, it would be better for him to have a pet dog as I have kept one at home.（运用了as引导的原因状语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落的开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last Saturday, David was taking a walk in the park near his home when he noticed a woman with a boy of about eight years old. When David passed them, he heard the woman yell, “How stupid you are! You′re good at nothing.” David stopped and looked at the little boy. The boy said nothing. He just stood there, looking upset.
David was reminded of his English teacher Mrs. Brown in middle school. After he entered middle school, David lacked self-confidence because he was often made fun of by others.
He was told that he was good at nothing, which David believed. But one day it all changed.
In an English writing class, Mrs. Brown asked them to read a novel and write a new essay for the novel after finishing reading. A few days later, David handed in his story. He didn′t give it much thought. But the next day, to his surprise, the comment “well done” from Mrs. Brown came into view the moment he turned to the page where the story was written.
When David saw that, he almost burst into tears. He never expected to be praised one day. He suddenly gained some self-confidence.
That day, after he returned home he wrote a short story and gave it to Mrs. Brown the next morning. And again he was praised.
David became very interested in writing. He often wrote short stories and asked Mrs. Brown to read and correct them for him. Mrs. Brown always pointed out the mistakes he had made and gave him good advice to improve them. One year later, David joined the school newspaper and became an editor of it. He was no longer the boy who lacked self-confidence. He gained his confidence and was hopeful about his future.
He succeeded in entering college and kept writing. Several years after graduating from college, he had his first book published. With more books coming out, he became famous as a writer in his country. And he owed his success to Mrs. Brown′s encouragement. Without her encouragement, his life might be very different now.
Paragraph 1:
Inspired by his own life story, David decided to do something for that boy.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The mother was ashamed when she heard that. She realized that she shouldn′t have called her son stupid, which would make him lose confidence in himself. So she said, “Thank you for your advice. I′ll never say such things to him again. Instead, I′ll find out what he′s good at and encourage him.” The woman then left with the boy. Looking at the back of the boy, David felt happy, hoping his action could make some confidence to the boy.
注意：
1.续写词数应为80左右；
2.请按格式作答。
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Inspired by his own life story, David decided to do something for that boy. He went to the woman, who immediately recognized him because she had read his books and had seen his pictures. David started to chat with her. He told her that what she said to her boy was not proper. Then he told her about the encouragement he once got from Mrs. Brown. In the end, he said, “Only with confidence can a kid turn better and better.”
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了大卫在散步时注意到一位妇女在责骂一个大约八岁的男孩蠢，这让大卫想起了他的英语老师布朗夫人，布朗夫人给予大卫肯定，让大卫变得越来越自信，最后成了著名的作家。
【详解】1.段落续写：
由第一段首句内容“受自己生活故事的启发，David决定为那个男孩做点什么。”可知，第一段可描写大卫是如何帮助男孩的。
2.续写线索：大卫决定为那个男孩做点什么——女人认出大卫——大卫和女人聊天——大卫指出孩子有信心才会越来越好
3.词汇激活
行为类
决定：decide to do/ be determined to do
聊天：chat with /talk with
告诉：tell sb. about sth./inform sb. of sth.
情绪类
合适：proper /suitable
受鼓舞的：inspired / encouraged
【点睛】[高分句型1] He went to the woman, who immediately recognized him because she had read his books and had seen his pictures. David started to chat with her. (运用了who引导非限制性定语从句和because引导原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] He told her that what she said to her boy was not proper. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
