Period 1 Listening and Speaking &Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成句子
1.The winners of the first three places are awarded gold,silver and bronze medals.
2.It was too hot; while walking, the women wiped the sweat off faces with handkerchiefs.
3.Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve physical fitness.
4.Having crossed a small wooden bridge, we left the rail track to have a drink.
5.Every four years, many athletes from different countries take part in the Olympic Games.
6.After training hard for one year, he finally defeated the former champion(冠军).
7.One interesting and mysterious thing about Shennongjia is its legend (传说)of wild men.
8.The greatest glory(荣耀) in living lies not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall.
9.She was captain(队长) of the hockey team at school.
10.Duff soon mastered(掌握) the skills of radio production.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.I feel honoured(honour) to be here to give you a speech.
2.They took action to protect the bird with determination(determine) right away.
3.You’d better take more exercise to build up your strength (strengthen).
4.He gave a graceful(grace) bow to the audience.
5.Ambulances took the injured (injure) to a nearby hospital.
6.The marriage was a failure (fail) and they both wanted to be free of it.
7.We went skiing (ski) in France in March.
8.Race walking shares much fitness with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries(injury).
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1.许多运动员面对失败不灰心, 给我们做出了好的榜样。(lose heart; set an example)
Many athletes don’t lose heart facing difficulties and set good examples for us.
2.如果我们有决心, 我们一定能成功。(make it)
If we have determination, we will make it.
3.在锻炼的时候,我们即使遇到了困难,我们也不能放弃。(work out; give up)
Even if we meet difficulties in working out, we shouldn’t give up.
4.这奇怪的声音让我们很害怕。(make +宾语 + 宾语补足语)
The strange noise made us frightened.
5.去还是不去,由你决定。(It’s up to you)
It’s up to you to decide whether you go or not.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Lang Ping, 1 led the China women’s volleyball team to medals, brought honour 2 glory to our country.Her determination 3 (test) when the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup.The Team she 4 (build) was falling apart, and losing two important players was also a big challenge.Faced 5 so many difficulties, she never lost heart.Eventually she led her volleyball team to Olympic gold in Brazil.
Michael Jordan, known as“Air Jordan”, changed basketball with his 6 (impress) moves and jumps.It was not only his skills but his mental strength 7 made him unique.In the final seconds of a game, he always seemed to find ways 8 (win).Learning from 9 (failure) is his secret to success.In life, he has learnt to share his success.The Boys and Girls Club he started 10 (help) the young since 1996.
1.who 2.and 3.was tested 4.had built 5.with
6.impressive 7.that 8.to win 9.failures 10.has been helping
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
拾荒慢跑 说明文 313 7分钟
(2021·宿迁高一检测)
Looking for a fun Earth Day activity You may want to try plogging, or picking up litter while jogging.Strange as it may sound, the new “sport” is becoming popular with runners worldwide, many of whom are posting photos of themselves and friends holding bags of trash on social media.
Plogging is the idea of Erik Alstrom.In 2016 , after moving to Stockholm in northern Sweden, Alstrom showed concern over the amount of trash on the road during his daily bike ride to work.Thus, he began plogging during his daily runs.
Other joggers soon joined Alstrom, and the activity became so popular that official “plogging” events started all across Sweden.As plogging became popular on social media, the new “sport” began to spread beyond Sweden, first to other European countries and then worldwide.
The official online “Plogga” group now includes members from over 40 countries, all the way from United States cities like Ohio to Thailand and Ecuador.Many school running clubs are also getting in on the action to encourage people, staging competitions that reward the runners with the heaviest trash bags.
As it turns out, plogging is not only good for the environment but also a healthy way to exercise.According to Swedish fitness app Lifesun, an average person burns about 288 calories while plogging for half an hour.This is about 50 calories more than he/she would burn when just jogging.Additionally, the constant squatting (蹲) to pick up litter increases the plogger’s flexibility, while lugging around the increasingly heavy garbage bags helps strengthen his/her arm muscles.
On this Earth Day, be sure to put on your running shoes, carry a trash bag or two, and go plogging.Or better still, start a plogging team at school, or around your neighborhood, and make every day Earth Day!
【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了“拾荒慢跑”这一“新”运动正在世界各地的跑步者中流行起来,介绍了这一运动的发起者和在世界范围内的流行情况。事实证明,拾荒慢跑不仅对环境有好处,而且是一种健康的锻炼方式。
1.Why did Erik Alstrom decide to pick up litter while running
A.He wanted to clear out a path to ride his bike.
B.He was fond of exercising on his way to work.
C.He dreamed to become popular across Sweden.
D.He was concerned about the trash on the road.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中“In 2016, after moving to Stockholm in northern Sweden, Alstrom showed concern over the amount of trash on the road during his daily bike ride to work.(2016年,搬到瑞典北部的斯德哥尔摩后,Alstrom对每天骑自行车上班路上的垃圾数量表示了担忧)”可知,Alstrom决定在跑步时捡垃圾是因为他担心这些路上的垃圾。故选D项。
2.How do school running clubs support the new “sport”
A.They post photos of official events online.
B.They explain what plogging means on stage.
C.They hold competitions to attract people to plog.
D.They compete with one another for members.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段中“Many school running clubs are also getting in on the action to encourage people, staging competitions that reward the runners with the heaviest trash bags.(许多学校的跑步俱乐部也加入到鼓励人们的行动中来,举办比赛奖励垃圾袋最重的跑步者)”可知,学校跑步俱乐部通过举办比赛来吸引人们拾荒慢跑,以此来支持这项新的“运动”。故选C项。
3.Why is Swedish fitness app Lifesun mentioned in Paragraph 5
A.To say that plogging is environment-friendly.
B.To show that plogging is of benefit to health.
C.To offer the approaches to exercising properly.
D.To tell joggers to carry heavy bags to work out.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“According to Swedish fitness app Lifesun, an average person burns about 288 calories while plogging for half an hour.This is about 50 calories more than he/she would burn when just jogging.(瑞典健身应用Lifesun的数据显示,平均每个人在拾荒慢跑半小时的过程中会消耗大约288卡路里的热量。这比他/她慢跑时多燃烧50卡路里)”可知,第5段提到瑞典健身应用Lifesun是为了表明拾荒慢跑对健康有益。故选B项。
4.What is the best title for the text
A.Plogging: A Fun Activity for Earth Day and Every Day
B.Running Is Really Helpful to Environmental Protection
C.Plogging: A Strange But New “Sport” for Runners
D.What We Should Do to Reduce the Amount of Litter
【解析】选A。标题归纳题。根据第一段第一句“Looking for a fun Earth Day activity You may want to try plogging, or picking up litter while jogging.(寻找一个有趣的地球日活动 你可以尝试拾荒慢跑,或者说慢跑时捡垃圾)”结合文章主要内容为“拾荒慢跑”这一“新运动”正在世界各地的跑步者中流行起来,介绍了这一运动的发起者及其在世界范围内的流行情况。事实证明,拾荒慢跑不仅对环境有好处,而且是一种健康的锻炼方式,所以A项“Plogging: A Fun Activity for Earth Day and Every Day(拾荒慢跑:地球日和每一日的有趣活动)”符合主旨,适合作为本文的标题,故选A项。
B
话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
生活教练 说明文 294 6分钟
You’ve probably heard about sports coaches, fitness coaches, vocal music teachers, career counselors, psychiatrists (精神病医师) and other specialists who teach skills and help us cope with daily life.
But there’s a rapidly growing kind of professional who does a little bit of everything.She or he is called a “life coach”.People who are at crossroads in their lives and corporations that want to give certain employees a career boost are turning to them for help.
The idea that one person’s success story can change other people’s lives for the better goes back at least to the 1930s.Dale Carnegie’s famous self-improvement program “How to Win Friends and Influence People” came along soon thereafter.
But this new style of life coaches includes more than enthusiastic speakers or writers.They use their own experiences in business, sports, military service, or psychotherapy (心理疗法) to help others make critical life decisions. They often give their approaches a slogan, such as “energy coaching” or “fearless living” or “working yourself happily”.
Dave Lakhani in Boise, Idaho, for instance, works with salespeople to develop what he calls a “road map”.He says an ongoing relationship with a coach is like having a personal fitness trainer for one’s career and life outside work.
Lakhani’s Bold Approach coaching firm also donates some of its time to help people who are anything but successful — including battered(被殴打的) women and struggling single mothers.
But others in the so-called “helping professions” are not thrilled about the life-coaching movement.They say that anyone, trained or untrained, can call himself or herself a life coach, and that slick (华而不实的) promoters who mess with people’s lives can do more harm than good.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了生活中出现了一些生活教练,他们会给你生活指导,激励你,但也有些华而不实的生活教练会扰乱你的生活。
5.What is the best title for the passage
A.Benefits from Life Coaches.
B.Life Coaches Help with Tough Decisions.
C.Ways of Coping with Daily Life with Life Coaches.
D.The Life-Coaching Movement.
【解析】选B。 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的She or he is called a “life coach”.People who are at crossroads in their lives and corporations that want to give certain employees a career boost are turning to them for help.(他或她被称为生活教练,当人们处于人生的十字路口,公司想给某人升职时,需要他们的帮助)及下文对生活教练的介绍可知,文章主要介绍了生活教练能够帮助你在艰难的时刻做决定。由此可知,Life Coaches Help with Tough Decisions(生活教练帮助你做出艰难的决定)适合作为本文最佳标题。故选B。
6.What does the underlined phrase “life coach” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.A career counselor who teaches skills.
B.A psychiatrist who helps us cope with daily life.
C.A fitness coach who helps us keep fit.
D.A specialist who helps us make important life decisions.
【解析】选D。短语猜测题。根据第二段She or he is called a “life coach”.People who are at crossroads in their lives and corporations that want to give certain employees a career boost are turning to them for help.(他或她被称为生活教练,当人们处于人生的十字路口,公司想给某人升职时,需要他们的帮助)可知,这些生活教练是指那些帮助我们做出人生重要决定的专家。故选D。
7.What’s the last paragraph mainly about
A.The introductions of life coach.
B.The disagreements of life coach.
C.The effects of life coach.
D.The experiences of life coach.
【解析】选B。 段落大意题。根据最后一段They say that anyone, trained or untrained, can call himself or herself a life coach, and that slick promoters who mess with people’s lives can do more harm than good.( 他们说,任何人,不管是训练有素的还是未经训练的,都可以称自己为生活教练,而那些搅乱人们生活的华而不实的推销者可能弊大于利)可知,本段主要介绍了人们在生活教练方面的分歧。故选B。
8.What is the author’s attitude towards life coaches
A.Objective. B.Approving.
C.Casual. D.Disapproving.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。作者指出生活中出现一些生活教练,他会给你生活指导,激励你,但也有些华而不实的生活教练会扰乱你的生活。关于生活教练,作者并没有明确支持,也没有明确反对。由此可知,作者对生活教练持有客观的态度。故选A。
Ⅱ.阅读填句
话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
运动的好处 说明文 341 8分钟
Taking exercise is a physical, mental and social adventure.It’s a great way for children to take a break from study and release extra energy.It also helps them lead fuller and happier lives as regular sports have proven to improve general well-being.
1. Regardless of your fitness level when you start playing sports, you’ll notice an increase in your overall fitness once you take part.Nearly every sport requires physical activity and the skills needed to be competitive.Basketball players focus on strength training.2. The training process helps encourage physical fitness and performances in competitions.
3. Playing sports contributes to mental health, helping to increase confidence and self-worth.A pat on the back, high-five from a teammate, or handshake after a match really raises a child’s confidence.Words of praise and encouragement from the coach, parents and other players raise the self-worth.4. So after a game, it’s a better idea to ask “Did you enjoy the game ” rather than “Did you win ”
Children who participate in sports might also benefit from the social aspect, feeling part of a group, building up leadership and responsibility.5.
Teamwork demands both being dependable as a teammate and learning to rely on your teammates to achieve a positive outcome.Teamwork will raise your responsibility and give you an opportunity to be a leader.
There is no shortage of reasons to find a sport to take part in.Are you ready to go Pick one and get moving!
A.It’s not just your body that benefits from sports.
B.Therefore, playing sports is going to make you more fit.
C.The physical benefits of doing sports are probably the most obvious.
D.But remember, a child’s self-worth should not be judged by victory or loss.
E.Football players work on speed while track athletes train through longer runs.
F.Among these, learning how to work as a team is the most important advantage.
G.If you play group sports, you’ll be part of a team that takes direction from a coach.
【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了运动的好处。
1.【解析】选C。根据位置判断,此处为段落主题句,下文内容“不管你的健康水平,参加运动就有益。”是讲运动的好处,所以C项“做运动对身体的好处可能是最明显的”总结下文内容,故选C项。
2.【解析】选E。根据空前“Basketball players focus on strength training.(篮球运动员注重力量训练。)”可知此处为列举的组织模式,不同的项目训练的侧重点不同,E项“足球运动员注重速度训练, 田径运动员注重长跑训练”切题,故选E项。
3.【解析】选A。 空后 “Playing sports contributes to mental health, helping to increase confidence and self-worth.”讲的是运动有助于心理健康,有助于增强自信和自我价值,由此可知,空白处应为一个承前启后的过渡句, A项“运动受益的不仅仅是你的身体”切题,故选A项。
4.【解析】选D。 空后提到:所以比赛过后,最好问“你喜欢这个比赛吗 ”而不是“你赢了吗 ”,空处应是这样问的原因,D项“但是记住,孩子的自我价值不应该由成功或者失败来评价”切题,且根据词汇复现原则,D项中的self-worth与空前出现的self-worth呼应,以及下一句中出现的win 与D项中的victory呼应,故选D项。
5.【解析】选F。 根据空前“参加体育运动的孩子也能从社交方面受益:归属感,领导力和责任感”,而空后主要介绍团队合作需要的素养和它的好处,故判断本空白处是对参加运动在社交方面的好处的进一步阐述,F项“其中,学习如何成为团队的一员是最重要的优势”切题。同时F项中的these指代前句话中提到的三大好处,故选F项。
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9Period 4 Writing
健康生活(Healthy lifestyle)
(2021·四川高一检测)
假定你是李华。你的美国朋友 David上周来拜访你,你注意到他的饮食习惯不健康,而且他不爱运动。请你给他写一封电子邮件,建议他关心自己的健康状况。内容包括:
1.写信的原因;
2.他的不良饮食习惯;
3.你的建议。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
①不健康的习惯 unhealthy habits
②担忧某人 be concerned about sb.
③挑食 be particular about food
④垃圾食品 junk food
⑤锻炼 work out
⑥增强体力 build up one’s strength
⑦停止食用某物 cut out sth.
⑧拒绝做 refuse to do
⑨平衡膳食 keep a balanced diet
⑩品尝新鲜蔬菜 try some fresh vegetables
(1)表达关心、担忧
①I’m more than concerned about...
②I’m writing to express my concerns about ...
③I don’t mean to upset you, but I really care about you.
(2)指出不良习惯
①I found that you...
② Besides, you refuse to ...because...
③It’s ... that makes you put on weight
(3)提出建议
①I do wish you can ...
②I want you to..., which will help you ...
③ You’d better ...
Dear David,
How are you I write to tell you my concerns about some of your unhealthy habits.
David, I found that you are particular about food and you love the junk food crazily.Besides, you refused to 1.work out(锻炼)with me, because you thought you would be out of breath if doing so.But regular exercise does 2.make a difference(起作用) in 3.keeping fit(保持健康).
I do wish you could 4.cut out (停止食用)junk food and 5.keep a balanced diet(平衡膳食).In addition, I want you to get involved in some physical exercise regularly, which will help you 6.build up your strength(增强体力).
Looking forward to seeing your progress.
Yours,
Li Hua
(2021·汕头高一检测)
假定你是李华,你的笔友 Mike 写信告诉你,由于学习压力过大,他经常不吃饭,也不锻炼,导致身体虚弱, 学习状态欠佳。请你给他回信。
内容要点:提出一些健康生活的建议。
要求:1.词数 80 左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Mike,
I was overcome with worry and concern when I heard your present situation.Therefore, I’m writing to offer you some suggestions of a healthy life, aiming to kick your bad habits which are harmful to your health.
First of all, keep a balanced diet and have meals regularly, which will not only recover your strength but offer sufficient nutrient for your body and mind.Secondly, it is advisable to spend more time working out.Only after you take more exercise can you feel refreshed and energetic, thus enabling you to devote more time to your study.Last but not least, you are supposed to strike a balance between work and leisure.
I hope you can take my suggestions, build up your body and make steady progress with your study.
Yours,
Li Hua
Passage 1
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷·B)
主题语境 话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
人与自我 艰辛求学 记叙文 332 7分钟
Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree.That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor’s degree.
Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children.Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids.After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.
Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own.She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing.She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home.She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids.Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.
Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors.Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲)to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study.“Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,” she says.However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree.Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family — and that’s pretty powerful.
【语篇概述】文章讲述了一个在农场长大的女子高中毕业后一边工作一边读完技术学校,并供弟弟妹妹完成学业,成家后又重返校园攻读学位,不仅为孩子树立了榜样,也成为家族的荣耀。
1.What did Jennifer do after high school
A.She helped her dad with his work.
B.She ran the family farm on her own.
C.She supported herself through college.
D.She taught her sisters and brothers at home.
【解析】选C。 细节理解题。根据第二段中的After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition...可知她高中毕业后半工半读完成大学,故选C。
2.Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in Marshfield
A.To take care of her kids easily.
B.To learn from the best nurses.
C.To save money for her parents.
D.To find a well-paid job there.
【解析】选A。 细节理解题。根据第三段中的She chose the UW-Eau Claire program...because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home.She could...be home in the evening to help with her kids.可知她为了方便照顾孩子选择了离家近的学校。故选A。
3.What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal
A.Her health.
B.Her time with family.
C.Her reputation.
D.Her chance of promotion.
【解析】选B。 细节理解题。根据第四段中的Jennifer sacrificed to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study.可知她牺牲了很多和孩子在一起的时光以及错过了很多重要的事情。故选B。
4.What can we learn from Jennifer’s story
A.Time is money.
B.Love breaks down barriers.
C.Hard work pays off.
D.Education is the key to success.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。全文侧重讲Jennifer努力克服困难实现自己的梦想的故事,和C项“付出就会有回报”相符合。
求学的过程对于每一位莘莘学子来说都是充满艰辛的,更不用说对于生活琐事缠身的成年人,但没有什么能阻挡得了一颗坚定的心!正所谓“书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟”,脚踏实地、不畏艰难、不忘初心、方得始终。每位学子都应该只争朝夕,不负韶华。
●Main idea:Jennifer Mauer pursued her academic goal.
●Para.1:Jennifer Mauer earned a degree with 1.willpower.
●Para.2:Background information of Jennifer Mauer’s 2.family.She had to 3.work to pay for school fees.
●Para.3:Jennifer struggled to strike a balance between 4.pursuing her degree and 5.taking care of children with the support of family members.
●Para.4: Jennifer has achieved excellent academic results , which has taught her children 6.an important lesson and an 7.inspiration to her family.
核心词汇试填
①willpower n.毅力
②earn a bachelor’s degree 获得学士学位
③pay one’s tuition 付学费
④set aside money 存钱
⑤cover the bills 支付账单
⑥achieve one’s goal 实现目标
Passage 2
(2020·全国Ⅲ卷改编)
主题语境 话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
人与社会 如何处理社会关系 夹叙夹议文 269 16分钟
As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers.But like anyone for whom you feel affection,customers can also drive you mad.They’ll come rushing in, 1 their handbag’s been stolen.They’ll swear that they left it in the changing room, create havoc (混乱) and then 2 it had been in their car all the time.They’ll have out half the goods in the shop, and want the only style you don’t have left in a 3 colour.I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep 4 .
I remember the first really difficult customer we had at Covent Garden.She was 5 absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather surprised that she became a “regular”.After a while, she 6 for the way she behaved at the beginning.She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat 7 , and since she’d found it too much to cope with (应对), she’d taken it out on 8 people.
That taught me a valuable 9 and I pass it on to the people who 10 in the market.Don’t take it 11 .If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe she’s had a row with her husband.Maybe her child’s not 12 .” Always water it down and don’t let your ego (自我) get 13 .If you do, you won’t be able to 14 it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 15 everyone’s day.
【语篇概述】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一位生意人,遇到过各种各样让人抓狂的顾客。而有一个难缠的顾客,一开始对每件事都不满意,结果居然成了常客。最后顾客告诉作者,是因为自己和丈夫离婚了,于是把气撒到其他人身上。这让作者学到了宝贵的一课,那就是要学会淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾,不然当事情发展成不愉快的场面时,只会毁了每个人的一天。
1.A.saying B.pretending C.guessing D.replying
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们会冲进来,说手提包被偷了。A. saying说;B. pretending假装;C.guessing猜测;D. replying回答。结合后文their handbag’s been stolen可知此处是指说的内容应用say。故选A。
2.A.forget B.decide C.discover D.assume
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了,搞得一团糟,然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. forget忘记;B. decide决定;C. discover发现;D. assume假设。结合后文it had been in their car all the time可知顾客一开始说包忘在了更衣室,结果最后发现包一直在他们自己的车里。故选C。
3.A.particular B.different C.matching D.natural
【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他们会试用商店里一半的商品,只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. particular特别的;B. different不同的;C.matching相匹配的;D. natural自然的。结合上文the only style you don’t have left in a...可知顾客试了店里一半的商品,结果想要的只是那种有特别颜色(particular)没有存货的款式。其他选项不符合语境。故选A。
4.A.fighting B.smiling C.waiting D.changing
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:我知道店员会有多沮丧,但我努力说服他们保持微笑。A. fighting打架;B. smiling微笑;C. waiting等待;D. changing改变。结合上文可知,一些顾客有一些很无厘头的要求和行为,面对这种情况,虽然店员会很沮丧,“但是”一词表示转折,与“沮丧”一词情感色彩相反,结合选项,B项“微笑”符合句意。故选B。
5.A.curious about B.displeased with C.patient with D.uncertain about
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:她对每件事都很不满意,没有什么是对的,令我相当惊讶的是,她居然成了“常客”。A. curious about对……好奇;B. displeased with对……不满意;C. patient with对……有耐心;D. uncertain about对……不能肯定。结合后文nothing was right可知这个顾客对一切都不满意。故选B。
6.A.searched B.argued C.prayed D.apologized
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:不久,她为自己一开始的行为道歉。A. searched搜索;B. argued争论;C. prayed祈祷;D. apologized道歉。顾客一开始很难缠,对一切都不满,结果后来成了常客,她开始为自己一开始的行为道歉。apologize for sth.“为某事道歉”。故选D。
7.A.by chance B.by herself C.on purpose D.on duty
【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意:她一周前和丈夫离婚了,独自一人住在一套公寓里,由于她发现自己太多事情无法应对,就把气撒在别人身上。A. by chance偶然;B. by herself她独自地;C. on purpose故意地;D. on duty值班。结合上文She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat可知女顾客和丈夫分居了,因此现在是独自住在一套公寓里。故选B。
8.A.rude B.such C.other D.lonely
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她一周前和丈夫分居了,现在一个人住在一套公寓里,因为她觉得实在难以应付,就把气撒在别人身上。A. rude粗鲁的;B. such这样的;C. other其他的;D. lonely寂寞的。结合上文since she’d found it too much to cope with, she’d taken it out on可知她难以应付这样的压力,于是决定把气撒在其他人身上。other people“其他人”。故选C。
9.A.lesson B.trick C.skill D.trade
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:那给我上了宝贵的一课,我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. lesson课程,教训;B. trick诡计;C. skill技能;D. trade贸易。结合后文作者的感悟,可知这件事让作者学到了宝贵的一课。故选A。
10.A.work B.shop C.meet D.quarrel
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:那给我上了宝贵的一课,我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. work工作;B. shop购物;C. meet会面;D. quarrel争吵。结合后文in the market可知是指在市场上工作的人。故选A。
11.A.kindly B.secretly C.personally D.casually
【解析】选C。考查副词词义辨析。句意:别太在意。A. kindly亲切地;B. secretly秘密地;C. personally亲自地;D. casually随便地。结合后文作者指出不要让你的自我妨碍了你,要淡化这种情绪可知此处作者想说的是不要太在意这些事。短语take it personally“在意,把这些放在心上”。故选C。
12.A.ready B.away C.up D.well
【解析】选D。考查副词词义辨析。句意:也许她的孩子身体不太好。A. ready预先;B. away离开;C. up向上;D. well好地。根据上文Maybe she’s had a row with her husband“可能他和丈夫吵过架”,可知此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事情发生的情况。故选D。
13.A.out of sight B.in the way C.behind the scene D.above the law
【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意:一定要淡化它,不要让你的自我妨碍你。A. out of sight看不见;B. in the way妨碍,挡道;C. behind the scene幕后;D. above the law凌驾于法律之上。上文作者提到不要太在意这些顾客,要淡化这种不好的情绪,不要让自己的自我妨碍了自己。故选B。
14.A.stress B.expect C.handle D.blame
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果你这样做了,你将无法处理它,整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面,毁了每个人的一天。A. stress强调;B. expect期待;C. handle处理;D. blame责备。结合本段内容主要是在说明如何处理粗鲁难缠的顾客的问题。故选C。
15.A.ruins B.makes C.starts D.saves
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果你这样做了,你将无法处理它,整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面,毁了每个人的一天。A. ruins毁灭;B. makes制作;C. starts开始;D. saves拯救。结合上文the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that...可知一旦事情发展成不愉快的场面,那么最终只会毁了每一个人的一天。故选A。
人生在世, 必然会接触形形色色的人。如何处理好人际关系是值得每个人深思的问题。人与人相处虽没有定法,但尊重彼此,将心比心,设身处地为别人着想,未充分了解别人之前不主观臆断,才是高级的相处之道。
答案:1.care about 2.drive me mad 3.cope with/ deal with/get along with 4.valuable lesson 5.let your ego get in the way
She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat by herself and since she’d found it too much to cope with, she’d taken it out on other people.
分析: 本句and连接两个并列句,前面是一个1.简单句,后面是since引导的2.原因状语从句。
翻译: 她在一周前与丈夫离婚,独自一人住在一个公寓里,由于她发现自己太多事情无法应付,所以她把气出在别人身上。
PAGE
10Period 2 Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
Ⅰ.附加疑问句基础练习
1.The boy is Japanese, isn’t he
2.The film isn’t interesting, is it
3.Tom knows a lot about English names, doesn’t he
4.Mary doesn’t like reading, does she
5.There are two birds in the tree, aren’t there
6.The man came to China last week, didn’t he
7.He couldn’t finish the work ahead of time, could he
8.Let’s have a good rest, shall we
Ⅱ.附加疑问句巩固提升
1.They must have stayed up late last night, didn’t they
2.If you need help, let me know, will you
3.When the teacher speaks, we have to keep quiet, don’t we
4.He never told us why he was late, did he
5.I want to do nothing,because there is little point in doing anything about it, is there
6.I’m told they will come to join us, won’t they
7.I know you didn’t want to hurt me, did you
8.She says I did it, doesn’t she
9.She told me that she had finished the task, didn’t she
10.I expect you will have a good time there, won’t you
11.Your friend needs to come earlier, doesn’t he/she
12.They must have stayed at the hotel last night, didn’t they
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1.这两名运动员互相竞争金牌。(compete)
The two players competed with each other for a gold medal.
2.和他争论没有任何意义。(make sense)
It doesn’t make sense to argue with him.
3.我闭上眼睛假装睡着了。(pretend)
I closed my eyes and pretended to be asleep.
4.他们很少迟到,是吗 (附加疑问句)
They seldom come late,do they
5.这个男孩不喜欢玩电脑游戏,不是吗 (附加疑问句)
The boy dislikes playing computer games, doesn’t he
6.这个学院是以一位已故大学校长的名字来命名的,是吗 (附加疑问句)
This college is named after a late university principal, isn’t it
7.(2020·浙江高一检测)成年人应当对他们自己的行为负责任,是吗 (附加疑问句)
Adults/Grown-ups should be responsible for their own behavior, shouldn’t they
Ⅳ.语法填空
Although Laughter Yoga definitely includes some yoga, don’t expect it to have much in common with the yoga classes 1 (offer) at your local studio or gym.It promotes the use of laughter as a form of physical exercise, attaching 2 (much) importance to the former than to the latter.
Laughter Yoga 3 (create) in the mid-1990s as a social experiment.In 1995, Dr.Madan Kataria called on a group of students in a park 4 (test) whether adding regular laughter to people’s lives would improve 5 (they) well-being. Kataria also introduced deep breathing and simple yoga moves 6 the exercises.
So far medical researches 7 (suggest) that language is a good way to reduce stress and help people feel good.Kataria Laughter Clubs are popping up in response to people’s need to handle 8 (press).
Kataria also offers books and DVDs to people 9 don’t have access to a local Laughter Club.However,connecting with other humans is 10 big part of Laughter Yoga’s success in helping people feel better and experience more joy.
1.offered 2.more 3.was created 4.to test 5.their
6.into 7.have suggested 8.pressure 9.who/that 10.a
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
棒球明星的人生经历 记叙文 220 5分钟
Roberto Clemente is the greatest baseball player of all time.He had an unbelievable batting average(击球率)in all seasons he played.Having won four batting titles, Gold Glove Awards twelve times, and a Most Valuable Player Award, he is certainly the best player that has ever played.
Besides being the best baseball player, Roberto Clemente was also a great man and a hero.In 1972, there was an earthquake in Nicaragua.On December 31 of that year, Clemente flew to Nicaragua to take supplies to the people.Almost immediately after take-off, the plane crashed into the Caribbean Sea.
The best honours for Clemente came after he died.He was the first Latino voted into the Baseball Hall of Fame.In 1999, the city of Pittsburgh, where he played baseball, renamed a bridge after him—a bridge that leads to the city’s beautiful new stadium.
No one summed up the life of Roberto Clemente and the baseball commissioner(总干事)when, at Clemente’s Hall of Fame award ceremony, said, “He was so great a man as a leader and humanitarian, so great an inspiration to the young and to all in baseball, especially to the proud people of his homeland, Puerto Rico.” The commissioner further honoured Clemente by creating a sportsmanship award in his name.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了棒球明星Roberto Clemente的人生经历。
1.What can be concluded from Roberto Clemente’s trip to Nicaragua
A.He got injured in an air crash.
B.He cared about people and the world.
C.He donated a huge sum of money to Nicaragua.
D.He earned his fame for his bravery and generosity.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段中“In 1972, there was an earthquake in Nicaragua.On December 31 of that year, Clemente flew to Nicaragua to take supplies to the people.”可知,在1972年尼加拉瓜发生地震后,Clemente飞往尼加拉瓜,向那里的人民运送物资。据此可推知,Clemente是一位关心人民和世界的人。故选B。
2.What do we know about Roberto Clemente from the passage
A.He died in Puerto Rico.
B.There was a bridge built for him.
C.He played baseball in Pittsburgh.
D.His statue was in the Baseball Hall of Fame.
【解析】选C。 细节理解题。根据第三段中“In 1999, the city of Pittsburgh, where he played baseball, renamed a bridge after him—a bridge that leads to the city’s beautiful new stadium.(1999年,在他曾打过棒球的匹兹堡市,一座桥以他的名字重新命名——这座桥通往该市美丽的新体育场)”可知,Roberto Clemente曾在匹兹堡打过棒球。故选C。
3.What happened at Clemente’s Hall of Fame award ceremony
A.A sportsmanship award was set up in Clemente’s name.
B.Clemente was voted into the Soccer Hall of Fame.
C.Clemente gained an honour from the people of his homeland.
D.The commissioner praised Clemente’s unbelievable batting skills.
【解析】选A。 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The commissioner further honoured Clemente by creating a sportsmanship award in his name.(总干事还以Clemente的名义设立了一个体育精神奖,以此来表彰他)”可知,为表彰Clemente,总干事还以Clemente的名义设立了体育精神奖。故选A。
B
话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
冒险攀岩 记叙文 333 7分钟
For eight years, American Alex Honnold dreamed about climbing El Capitan in Yosemite National Park without any safety equipment.But whenever Honnold went to the park and looked up at El Capitan, he became frightened.
That changed last Saturday.Honnold, a world-class rock climber, reached the top of the great rock wall in about four hours.He used only his hands and feet.He is the first person ever to climb the 914-meter high granite wall alone and without ropes or safety equipment to catch him if he fell.
Honnold began preparing for his historic climb two years ago.He climbed El Capitan while wearing safety equipment countless times.He tried to memorize every hole he had to hold and the positions of his body.He repeated the climb again and again, until he felt sure enough to try the so-called “free solo” climb.
The most difficult part of the trip is about 700 meters off the ground.At that point, the very small holds in the rock are only big enough for a thumb to fit.But Honnold said the climb was more mentally difficult than physically difficult.“Each year I would show up and it would seem just much too daunting,” he said.
Observers say Honnold’s climb has pushed the limits in a sport that requires a high level of physical ability, risk-taking and mental strength.
The climb up El Capitan once took climbers several days to complete with the aid of ropes, safety equipment and a partner.But in the past 20 years, speed climbers working with a partner and using ropes have set records in reaching the top.
In January 2015, Tommy Caldwell and Kevin Jorgeson became the first to “free climb” the Dawn Wall, a very steep climb to the top of El Capitan. They used ropes only to catch them if they fell.They reached the top in 19 days.
Honnold has an extreme ability to control fear and his body for a long period of time.
【语篇概述】文章讲述了Honnold在没有绳子和安全设备的情况下成功攀岩El Capitan的故事。
4.What’s the most difficult part of Honnold’s free-solo climb according to himself
A.Mental difficulty.
B.Physical difficulty.
C.No safety equipment and no partner.
D.The very small holds about 700 meters off the ground.
【解析】选A。 细节理解题。根据第四段But Honnold said the climb was more mentally difficult than physically difficult.可知Honnold认为攀岩时精神上的困难比身体上的更大,故选A。
5.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “daunting” in Paragraph 4
A.impressive B.attractive
C.high D.frightening
【解析】选D。 词义猜测题。此处指Honnold每年都会出现在El Capitan,但每次都感到恐惧。“daunting”指令人生畏的,令人气馁的,与frightening同义,故选D。
6.What did observers think of Honnold’s climb
A.They sang high praise of it.
B.They thought it was meaningless.
C.They criticized him for its danger.
D.They thought it took too much time.
【解析】选A。 推理判断题。根据第五段Observers say Honnold’s climb has pushed the limits in a sport that requires a high level of physical ability, risk-taking and mental strength.可知观察者认为Honnold的攀岩已经突破了一项要求高水平的体能、冒险和精神力量的运动极限。由此可见他们对Honnold的攀岩给予了高度评价,故选A。
7.What is the best title for this text
A.El Capitan is Conquered by Humanbeing
B.Climber Reaches the Top of El Capitan Without Any Safety Equipment.
C.Climber Overcomes His Fear to Land on El Capitan
D.No One Dares the Bare-handed Climbing Except Honnold
【解析】选B。 主旨大意题。根据开头For eight years, American Alex Honnold dreamed about climbing El Capitan in Yosemite National Park without any safety equipment.第二段He is the first person ever to climb the 914-meter high granite wall alone and without ropes or safety equipment可知文章主要讲述了Honnold在没有绳子和其他安全设备的情况下成功攀登El Capitan的故事。B项概括全文,表达了重点内容。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
体育精神 记叙文 288 15分钟
I am writing this story to express the important value of sportsmanship(体育精神).Some years ago,my traveling 1 team took part in a nationwide competition.This competition is very 2 and the atmosphere is far from 3 .
After we completed our performance,the next competing team laughed at us and gave us a dirty 4 as we passed them.They looked 5 at us and made fun of our costumes and our performance.My team and I were all very 6 ,even to the point of tears.
One of my team members 7 that we should boo(发嘘声) them as they performed.Finally I said,“Let’s teach them a lesson.” I was the oldest member of the team and their role model.What I said next totally 8 them.I said,“They are on stage right now.Let’s go and 9 them.”I then looked up at the stage and started to scream,“Come on!”My teammates all started to shout loudly with me to show support for the team.At first they were 10 .Then I noticed that they were having 11 screaming for the team that a couple of minutes ago they hated.
When the team finished dancing and walked off stage,my teammates and I all started to 12 them.Most members of the opposite team 13 and said “thank you”,and they were a little embarrassed.My team and I felt a lot better about the
14 .After that,my teammates understood what a great 15 it was and they were glad that they had shown good sportsmanship.
【语篇概述】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己和队友们参加比赛的经历来体现体育精神的重要价值。
1.A.boxing B.soccer C.dance D.badminton
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:几年前,我的巡回舞蹈队参加了一次全国性的比赛。A.boxing拳击;B.soccer 足球;C.dance 舞蹈;D.badminton羽毛球。根据下文的When the team finished dancing and walked off stage可知,这是舞蹈比赛。故选C。
2.A.fierce B.reasonable C.common D.serious
【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这场比赛非常激烈,气氛也很不友好。A.fierce 激烈的;B.reasonable 合理的;C.common 普通的;D.serious严肃的。这是个全国性的比赛,应该是竞争非常激烈。故选A。
3.A.positive B.graceful C.tense D.friendly
【解析】选D。 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这场比赛非常激烈,气氛也很不友好。A.positive积极的;B.graceful优美的;C.tense紧张的;D.friendly友好的。根据下文的After we completed our performance,the next competing team laughed at us and gave us a dirty as we passed them.可知,竞争对手们之间很不友好。故选D。
4.A.hand B.look C.track D.paper
【解析】选B。 考查名词词义辨析。句意:在我们表演完之后,下一个竞争的团队嘲笑我们,当我们经过他们时给了我们一个鄙视的眼神。A.hand 手;B.look 看;C.track 足迹;D.paper报纸。根据下文的They looked at us and made fun of our costumes and our performance.可知,此处是指他们看我们。故选B。
5.A.politely B.happily C.straight D.funnily
【解析】选C。 考查副词词义辨析。句意:他们直盯着我们,嘲笑我们的服装和表演。A.politely礼貌地;B.happily 开心地; C.straight直接地;D.funnily有趣地。根据上文当我们经过的时候,他们嘲笑我们可知,此处指盯着我们看,用straight最符合语境。故选C。
6.A.upset B.surprised C.excited D.disappointed
【解析】选A。 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我和我的队友们都非常难过,甚至都哭了。A.upset伤心的;B.surprised吃惊的;C.excited 兴奋的;D.disappointed失望的。根据上文语境及下文的even to the point of tears可知,我们非常难过。故选A。
7.A.decided B.pretended C.thought D.suggested
【解析】选D。 考查动词词义辨析。句意:我的一个队员建议我们应该在他们表演的时候嘘他们。A.decided 决定;B.pretended假装;C.thought认为;D.suggested建议。根据下文作者决定为他们加油可知,此处是 队员的建议。故选D。
8.A.shocked B.delighted C.annoyed D.puzzled
【解析】选A。 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我接下来说的话使他们大为震惊。A.shocked 震惊的;B.delighted 高兴的;C.annoyed 恼怒的;D.puzzled困惑的。根据上文可知,队员建议回击对方,作者却建议为对方加油,因此,应该是大家很震惊。故选A。
9.A.praise B.comfort C.cheer D.thank
【解析】选C。 考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们去给他们加油吧。然后我抬头看着舞台,开始尖叫:“加油!”A.praise 赞扬;B.comfort安慰;C.cheer欢呼,加油; D.thank感谢。根据下一句I then looked up at the stage and started to scream,“Come on!”可知,作者是建议为他们加油。故选C。
10.A.surprised B.embarrassed C.unwilling D.disagreed
【解析】选C。 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:一开始他们是不情愿的。A.surprised 吃惊的;B.embarrassed 尴尬的;C.unwilling不情愿的;D.disagreed不同意的。根据下文的Then I noticed that they were having screaming for the team that a couple of minutes ago they hated.可知,一开始,队员们并不情愿。故选C。
11.A.anger B.wish C.sadness D.fun
【解析】选D。 考查名词词义辨析。句意:然后我注意到,他们在为几分钟前他们还讨厌的球队尖叫,这让他们很开心。A.anger生气;B.wish希望;C.sadness伤心;D.fun乐趣。根据本句句意及下文语境可知,此处是指他们很开心。故选D。
12.A.welcome B.congratulate C.receive D.scold
【解析】选B。 考查动词词义辨析。句意:当队员们跳完舞走下舞台时,我和我的队友们开始向他们祝贺。A.welcome 欢迎;B.congratulate 祝贺;C.receive 收到;D.scold批评。根据上文作者和队友们给对手加油可知,此处是祝贺他们。故选B。
13.A.smiled B.fainted C.cried D.left
【解析】选A。 考查动词词义辨析。句意:大多数对方团队的成员微笑着说“谢谢”,他们有点尴尬。A.smiled 微笑;B.fainted晕倒;C.cried 哭;D.left离开。对方开始时嘲笑我们,而我们却为他们加油,故此处指他们是笑着感谢我们。故选A。
14.A.position B.future C.place D.situation
【解析】选D。 考查名词词义辨析。句意:我和我的团队对这种情况感觉好多了。A.position 位置;B.future未来;C.place位置;D.situation情况。对方开始时嘲笑我们,而我们却为他们加油,他们笑着感谢我们。由此可知,此处是指这种情况使我们感觉好多了。故选D。
15.A.team B.age C.idea D.help
【解析】选C。 考查名词词义辨析。句意:在那之后,我的队友们明白了这是一个多么伟大的想法,他们很高兴自己展现了良好的体育精神。A.team 团队; B.age年龄;C.idea 主意;D.help帮助。根据上文语境可知,此处是作者队友们的感触,感慨作者让他们给不友善的竞争对手加油而不是回击他们是多么棒的主意。故选C。
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9Period 3 Reading for Writing&Assessing Your Progress&Video Time
Ⅰ.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成句子
1.I warned him against repeating my error.
2.It was a rather difficult question for us.
3.They often stress the importance of a balanced diet
4.Mary won’t keep slim unless she takes exercise every day.
5.Janet’s been under a lot of stress since her mother was ill.
6.If the audience (观众) can’t trust you, you will not be able to persuade them.
7.It’s important to learn to take a positive (积极的) attitude to life when you are in trouble.
8.Mr Wang collected more than millions(百万) of old bricks of different ages.
9.Because Mary is on a diet, she is becoming slimmer(苗条) than before.
10.According to the doctor, jogging(慢跑) is good for our heart.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.You rather than I are(be) going to go camping.
2.She tried to be more positive about her new job.
3.The two girls stopped talking (talk) when they saw me.
4.Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a difference in the world.
5.Compared (compare) to our small apartment,our uncle’s house seemed like a palace.
6.This is what my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
7.Add the milk to the flour,and then mix in three eggs.
8.Cut out this article and show it to your bank manager.
9.I’m forever on a diet, since I put on weight easily.
10.Now I can walk to work instead of going(go) by car.
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示补全句子
1.与原来的那个健身房相比,我们现在经常在里面锻炼的那个健身房要大得多。(compare)
The gym where we are always working out is rather big,compared with/to the old one.
2.以英语为母语的人,即使他们不讲同一种英语,也可以相互理解。(even if/ though)
Native English speakers can understand each other, even if / though they don’t speak the same kind of English.
3.他不想让蔬菜烂掉,把它们以半价卖掉了。(rather than)
Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price.
4.无论运动员们说什么,都不会对队长的安排产生影响。(make a difference)
Whatever the athletes say will not make any difference to the captain’s arrangements.
5.中国不再是她过去的那个样子了。(what 引导的表语从句)
China is no longer what she used to be.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
I always wanted to look like the slim girls on TV even though I knew that it was
1 (possible).To lose weight, I tried every new diet I read about online.I tried no-fat, low-fat, 5∶2, only bananas, no bananas—I almost 2 (go) mad.
Then an article changed me.It said instead of asking “Am I fat ” I should be asking “Am I fit ” I didn’t know a letter could make such a 3 (different)! Then I started thinking about fitness rather than weight.I didn’t say that I wanted to lose three kilos.Instead, I would say I wanted to run two kilometres in eight 4 (minute) or I wanted to be able to do 30 push-ups.I preferred 5 (add) healthy foods to my meals rather than cut 6 the foods I enjoyed.I still had a burger now
7 then, but I would add a salad or an apple.
Finally, I stopped 8 (compare) myself with actresses and models and looking for things that were wrong with my face or body.Instead, I made a list of the things I liked about 9 (I).I became more positive about myself and my body.As
10 result, I became both happier and healthier.
1.impossible 2.went 3.difference 4.minutes
5.to add 6.out 7.and 8.comparing 9.myself 10.a
Ⅰ.阅读理解
话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
冬季户外运动 说明文 275 6分钟
(2021·雅安高一检测)
It’s cold and dark outside, and your bed is so warm and comfortable.Going for a run seems like such a bad idea.But before you put your running shoes away, it might be worth giving that crazy idea a try.
According to The Huffington Post,an outdoor run in winter, instead of running on a treadmill (跑步机), burns more calories (卡路里) because the body is working hard to regulate (调节) its temperature.Besides, research shows that race times are faster in cold weather than in warmer temperatures—and quicker runs burn more calories.Similarly, cold weather also makes the heart work harder to distribute blood through the body, making that vital muscle even stronger.
Outdoor exercise also turns up your energy and rids you of the stress and depression that build up every day.The heat and humidity in summer can drag you down and tire you faster, but cold weather is refreshing.It adjusts you to your surroundings, making you feel energetic.
Of course, the threat of smog in some built-up areas is a further problem to winter exercise.Heart attacks, strokes and lung cancer are all dangers of running in smog.The combination (结合) of air pollution and exercise increases the potential problems.If you do choose to run outside on smoggy days, take a path in a park or residential area to avoid polluted air, and go early in the morning, before rush hour.But staying inside on smoggy days and waiting for the next clear day to run is best.
【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了冬季在户外活动的益处,它能够燃烧更多的卡路里,使肌肉更强壮及让心脏更健康,但是应当注意避免在雾霾时进行户外活动。
1.How does cold weather benefit runners compared with warm weather
A.They can run more slowly.
B.They can take in more calories.
C.Their hearts can work harder.
D.Their body temperature can get lower.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“Similarly, cold weather also makes the heart work harder to distribute blood through the body, making that vital muscle even stronger.”(同样,寒冷的天气也会使心脏更难将血液分配到全身,使重要的肌肉更加强壮。)可知,与温暖的天气相比,寒冷的天气对跑步者来说能够使他们的心脏工作更困难。故选C项。
2.How does summer affect runners
A.It makes runners tired easily.
B.It builds up their energy quickly.
C.It lessens runners’ stress.
D.It causes heart attacks.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句“The heat and humidity in summer can drag you down and tire you faster, but cold weather is refreshing.”(夏天湿热的天气会让你疲惫不堪,但寒冷的天气却让人神清气爽。)可知,夏季户外活动使跑步者很容易疲劳。故选A项。
3.What are the runners supposed to do on smoggy days
A.Stop driving cars. B.Run late in the morning.
C.Do more exercise. D.Avoid outdoor exercise.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“But staying inside on smoggy days and waiting for the next clear day to run is best.”(但在雾霾的日子里,最好还是待在室内,等下一个晴朗的日子再跑步。)可知,在雾霾天跑步者应该避免户外运动。故选D项。
4.Which of the following opinions will be supported by the writer
A.We can refresh ourselves with a winter run.
B.We should go to run in a park every day.
C.It’s much better to take outdoor exercise in summer.
D.We’d better run on treadmill to reduce stress.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。由文章第二段最后一句“Similarly, cold weather also makes the heart work harder to distribute blood through the body, making that vital muscle even stronger.”(同样,寒冷的天气也会使心脏更难将血液分配到全身,使重要的肌肉更加强壮。)和第三段最后两句“The heat and humidity in summer can drag you down and tire you faster, but cold weather is refreshing.It adjusts you to your surroundings, making you feel energetic.”(夏天湿热的天气会让你疲惫不堪,但寒冷的天气却让人神清气爽。它使你适应环境,使你感到精力充沛。)可知,作者对我们可以在冬天跑步来恢复体力持支持的态度。故选A项。
【点睛】
三步法巧做细节理解题的直接信息题。第一步:认真阅读题干,根据关键词明确答题方向;第二步:应用略读及查读技巧迅速找到文中与问题相关的信息;第三步:仔细比较所给选项与原文对应信息,直接锁定正确选项。
Ⅱ.阅读填句
话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
体育运动的益处 说明文 246 6分钟
Playing sports offers you more than just physical benefits.1. The benefits are the same whether or not you’re good at sports.If you are not good enough to play competitively on a school team, you can play sports with your friends.
Making new friends.
Playing sports enables you to create friendships you otherwise might not have formed.2. You play together happily and gradually to know each other.Many times, the friendships you create on “the field” remain strong when you are not playing sports.
Understanding the value of health.
Taking part in sports improves your health in many ways. 3. This gets you thinking about what to eat and how to treat your body so as to achieve the highest performance levels.Thus, playing sports can lead to better eating habits and prevent you from becoming too fat.
Building team spirit.
Sports provide children with the important lesson of learning how to work in a team. 4. By working together they will learn each other’s strengths and weaknesses and will be better able to decide and work out the best plan for the team.This will without doubt help them in their future lives and jobs as well.
5.
Playing a sport requires a lot of time and energy.Some may think this would take students’ attention away from schoolwork.However, the opposite is true.Sports require memorization(记忆), repetition and learning skills that are directly relevant to schoolwork.
A.Becoming active in class.
B.Doing better in your studies.
C.Everyone has to work together to achieve the goal.
D.To be a good athlete, you must take care of yourself.
E.Sports can help you in your study and fit in society as well.
F.Sports bring teens together from different schools and backgrounds.
G.Clearly, sports will improve your fitness and help you achieve weight goals.
【语篇概述】本文介绍了体育运动给我们带来的益处。
1.【解析】选E。 根据上句:体育运动给你带来的不仅仅是身体上的好处。可知与之相配的是:E.Sports can help you in your study and fit in society as well.运动也可以帮助你学习和适应社会。as well是关键词,故答案为E。
2.【解析】选F。根据上句:体育运动能让你建立起友谊,否则你就不会形成友谊。再根据空格下句:你们在一起快乐地玩耍,逐渐认识彼此。由此可知此处的意思是:体育运动将青少年从不同的学校和背景中聚集起来。故选F。
3.【解析】选D。 根据下句:这会让你思考吃什么,如何对待你的身体,从而达到最好的表现。可知,要想成为一名优秀的运动员,你必须照顾好自己。故选D。
4.【解析】选C。根据上句:运动为孩子们提供了学习如何在团队中工作的重要经验。再根据下句:通过一起工作,他们将了解彼此的优缺点,并能更好地决定和制订出最佳的团队计划。可知,每个人都必须一起工作来实现目标。故选C。
5.【解析】选B。此空是小标题,纵观全文的小标题,应该在A/B中选。根据下文:运动需要记忆,重复和与作业直接相关的学习技能。可知,运动让你在学习上做得更好。故选B。
【疑难点拨】
做七选五时要注意代词的指代作用。代词是指上文中提到过的词或句,因此关注代词的指代作用有助于答案的确定。例如3. 后面的This,根据后面的内容就可推断出This是指代“D”选项“To be a good athlete,you must take care of yourself.”
Ⅲ.完形填空
话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
公益捐助 记叙文 211 12分钟
Last year a group of friends and I began a project called The World Needs You.Its aim is to show how 1 it is to make a positive difference in our community.Over the holidays, we collected hats, 2 and other cold-weather equipment for the “store” at an elementary school, where students can “buy” things with 3 earned through good behavior.It was a 4 way to get these items to children whose families might not be able to 5 them.
“Do the children need anything else ” I asked the coordinator(协调人) when we sent our 6 to him.
“Umbrellas!” She said.“Most of our 7 have to walk to school, and when it rains they come in very 8 .”
Of course! I thought.It doesn’t snow much here, 9 we do have a lot of cold rainy days.Parents who are poor might not buy 10 .My friends and I began to 11 : We sent e-mails, called people and 12 the project at social events.Everyone had the same 13 : “I’ve never thought about that before!” We collected more than 50 umbrellas for the school 14 April showers.We were very satisfied. 15 , the kids will be singing in the rain!
【语篇概述】本文为记叙文。作者及其朋友们为了帮助需要帮助的人发起了“世界需要你”的公益活动,针对实际需要进行了一些捐助。
1.A.lucky B.easy C.wealthy D.quick
【解析】选B。 根据下文内容可知,这个公益活动的目的是展示发挥积极作用是件容易的事。
2.A.glasses B.needles C.gloves D.bowls
【解析】选C。 根据后面语境and other cold-weather equipment可知,所填词与抗寒有关,故“手套”恰当。
3.A.rewards B.pleasure C.tips D.love
【解析】选A。 根据空前后的 “buy” things与earned through good behavior判断“奖励”贴切。
4.A.common B.scientific C.simple D.good
【解析】选D。 一方面能鼓励孩子们行为良好,另一方面又能解决他们所需,所以是“好”方法。
5.A.own B.use C.accept D.afford
【解析】选D。 从后文看,我们帮助的是家庭贫困的孩子,所以把这些东西送给那些家庭负担不起的孩子。
6.A.donations B.screens C.luggage D.staffs
【解析】选A。 根据上文语境Over the holidays, we collected hats, and other cold-weather equipment可知,此处是说,当我们把捐赠的物品(donations)给协调人时。
7.A.customers B.kids C.teachers D.employees
【解析】选B。 根据上文语境“Do the children need anything else ” 判断,此处是指,多数孩子(kids)步行上学。
8.A.concerned B.angry C.wet D.nervous
【解析】选C。 孩子们没有伞,所以,下雨时他们都是淋湿着(wet)进来。
9.A.but B.so C.and D.or
【解析】选A。 前后句子在逻辑上为转折关系,所以用but。
10.A.candles B.umbrellas C.tickets D.houses
【解析】选B。 根据上文的“Umbrellas!”以及下文提到的50 umbrellas可知这里用umbrellas。
11.A.weep B.recover C.work D.understand
【解析】选C。 根据后面语境We sent e-mails, called people and the project at social events.可知,我们开始工作(work)。
12.A.suffered from B.made out C.talked up D.looked into
【解析】选C。 为了筹集到伞,我们开始工作,无论是前面的sent e-mails,还是called people都是为了让人们知道我们在干什么,所以在社交活动中宣传这个项目。talk up大声地讲。
13.A.response B.level C.pay D.height
【解析】选A。 根据后面语境“I’ve never thought about that before!”可知,这是人们共同的反应(response)。
14.A.in need of B.in favor of C.for lack of D.in time for
【解析】选D。 我们为学校及时筹集了50多把雨伞,以备四月的阵雨。in time for及时赶上。
15.A.Surprisingly B.Hopefully C.Interestingly D.Luckily
【解析】选B。 根据前面语境We were very satisfied.判断,希望(Hopefully)孩子们将在雨中歌唱!
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