Unit 5 Languages Around the World Period 4 Writing
A blog about English Study
对于中学生来说,生活中或许会遇到很多问题,由于处于懵懂时期,难以或不愿意向身边的老师、家长以及同学征求建议,他们往往采用写博客的方式进行求助,那么写博客建议就是中学生应该掌握的基本技能。
下面是来自英国的Jimmy发的一条博客,请你以李华的身份写封回信帮Jimmy提出可行建议。
内容包括:1.表示同情;
2.提出建议;
3.寄托希望。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Hey,everybody.I’m Jimmy from England.I’m crazy about chatting online with my net friends.But I have no friends to play with in the real world.Therefore,I feel worried and even depressed.Any advice
1.post n. 帖子
2.catch vt. 抓住;理解
3.headache n. 头疼;棘手的事;困难;麻烦
4.get used to 习惯于
5.compare...with... 与……比较……
6.make friends with 和……交朋友
7.give/offer sb.some advice 给某人一些建议
8.help sb.with sth. 在某方面帮助某人
9.depend on 依靠;依赖
10.be close to 与……亲近;离……近
1.开头部分常用语
①My name is ...I’m writing to you for some help.
我叫……,我写信向你寻求一些帮助。
②I’m writing a letter to you to ask you to do me a favor.
我给你写信想请你帮我一个忙。
2.寻求帮助常用语
①Faced with so much difficulty, I have to ask you for help.
面对这么多的困难,我不得不向你求助。
②In the meanwhile/At the same time, I beg you to ...so that ...Also, I would like you to ...
同时,我恳求你……以便……我也想让你……
③I would like you to introduce some good ways to learn grammar.
我想让你给我介绍一些学习语法的好方法。
④I have met with many difficulties in learning English.
学习英语的过程中我遇到许多困难。
⑤I wonder whether you could do me a favor ...
我想知道你是否能帮我一个忙……
3.结尾部分常用语
①I’m sure with your help I can make great progress.
我相信在你的帮助下我会取得很大的进步。
②I would greatly appreciate your timely help.
我将非常感谢你及时的帮助。
1.I find our texts full of new words and they are very difficult for me to remember.
我发现我们的课文满是生词,对我来说记住它们很难。
2.The texts are too long for me to recite.
课文太长,我难以背诵。
3.Would you like to introduce us some good ways to learn new words so that we can remember them more easily
你能给我们介绍一些学习新单词的好方法,以便我们更容易记住它们吗
4.I think you’d better take down notes while listening.
我认为你最好边听边记笔记。
5.Speak English every day to achieve your greater fluency.
每天说英语使你说得更流利。
6.If you often practice giving speeches in English, you will get your oral English improved.
如果你经常练习用英语作演讲,你就会提高你的英语口语水平。
Dear Jimmy,
I am sorry to know you feel upset because you don’t have good friends to play with.Now I’d like 1.to offer you some advice(提供一些建议).
I think it is no good making online friends.You should not spend too much time 2.talking with online friends(与网友聊天).Instead you should try to 3.make friends with(与……交朋友) the people around you.Second, you’d better talk with your classmates as often as possible, which helps them know you better.Besides, it is a good idea to 4.join some clubs(参加俱乐部), or group activities, where you can 5.put your talent into good use(充分发挥你的才能).
I hope my advice will 6.be of help to you(对你有帮助).
Yours,
Li Hua
(2021·长春高一检测)
假如你在“英语学习”论坛上看到有网友说自己英语口语不好,想听听其他网友的建议。请你写一段回帖给出建议。
要求:
1.词数:80 词左右。
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
I’m sorry that you have some trouble in spoken English. Here is some of my advice on how to improve spoken English.
From my point of view, you must believe in yourself. Don’t lose heart, and don’t be anxious about the difficulty. In addition, enlarging your vocabulary is of great importance. Recite some short sentences that are related to daily life. You should focus attention on your class , and make an effort to practise your spoken English. In summary, no matter how difficult it is, I believe you will make it in the end.
Passage 1主题语境 话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
人与社会 生活方式 说明文 332 8分钟
(2020 全国Ⅲ卷 C)
With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation (孤独), more families are choosing to live together.
The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law: she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol—one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof.They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead.Rita cuts in,“We spoke more with Nick because I think it’s a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.”
And what does Nick think “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well.Would I recommend it Yes, I think I would.”
It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time.Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common.Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left.It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted.In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband’s family when they get married.
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了英国多代同住问题,越来越多的英国人选择和父母居住在一起。
1.Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol
A.Nick. B.Rita.
C.Kathryn. D.The daughters.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中...his mother-in-law: she lives on the ground floor以及第三段中最后一句...Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor. 可知,Rita Whitehead是Nick的岳母,住在ground floor,可知选B。
2.What is Nick’s attitude towards sharing the house with his mother-in-law
A.Positive. B.Carefree.
C.Tolerant. D.Unwilling.
【解析】选A。观点态度题。根据第五段And what does Nick think “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it Yes, I think I would.” 可知,Nick同意和岳母住在一起,并且很推荐这一做法,所以是positive,选A。
3.What is the author’s statement about multigenerational family based on
A.Family traditions. B.Financial reports.
C.Published statistics. D.Public opinions.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第六段内容可知,报告显示三代人在一起生活的家庭数量已从2001年的325 000个增加到2013年的419 000个。根据第七段内容可知,25至34岁的年轻人中约20%与父母同住,而1991年为16%。英国所有多代家庭共居的总数据约为180万。由这两段的介绍可知,作者一直都是用调查数据在讲述家庭居住问题,故选C。
4.What is the text mainly about
A.Lifestyles in different countries.
B.Conflicts between generations.
C.A housing problem in Britain.
D.A rising trend of living in the UK.
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。纵观全文,文章主要介绍了英国人与父母居住在一起的情况越来越多,多代同住的家庭也日益增多,所以选D。文中并不是倾向于介绍生活方式,也没有用太多笔墨去介绍其他国家,排除A。文中介绍了多代家庭居住的情况,并没有说他们之间有很多冲突,排除B。文中没有说住房问题,排除C。
在英国,由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用,而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险,越来越多的家庭选择住在一起,出现了多代同堂的现象。在世界各国,随着老龄化的到来,关注、关心老人也成为全球共同的热点问题。关心帮助老年人是全社会的责任。
●Main idea:Families living together
●Para.1:More families are choosing 1.to live together.
Paras.2～5: Nick’s family live 2.with his mother-in-law.
●Paras.6、7:Research and official reports show that multigenerational family 3.are more common.
●Para.8:multigenerational living is common 4.in other parts of the world.
核心词汇试填
①afford v.担负得起
②at risk of 处于风险中
③a growing number of 数量不断增加的……
④share v.分享,共用
⑤cut in 插嘴,插话
⑥generation n.代,一代人
⑦compared with 和……相比
⑧common adj.共同的,常见的
Passage 2
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ·B)
主题语境 话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
人与自我 建立自信心 记叙文 341 8分钟
For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue,N.Y.,today is speech day,and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn.The 8-year-old is the joker of the class.With shining dark eyes,he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
But he’s nervous.“I’m here to tell you today why you should...should...” Chris trips on the“-ld”,a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers.His teacher,Thomas Whaley,is next to him,whispering support.“...Vote for...me...” Except for some stumbles,Chris is doing amazingly well.When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion,Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
A son of immigrants,Chris started learning English a little over three years ago.Whaley recalls(回想起)how at the beginning of the year,when called upon to read,Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience.What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.“It takes a lot for any student,” Whaley explains,“especially for a student who is learning English as their new language,to feel confident enough to say,‘I don’t know,but I want to know.’”
Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.The answer broke his heart.Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public.He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves.
“Boasting about yourself,and your best qualities,” Whaley says,“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”
【语篇概述】这是一篇记叙文。讲述一位小学教师Thomas Whaley通过组织学生演讲来帮助学生提高自信心。
1.What made Chris nervous
A.Telling a story. B.Making a speech.
C.Taking a test. D.Answering a question.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段today is speech day和本段最后一句以及第二段第一句But he’s nervous.可知,Chris眼睛黑亮,似乎是那种喜欢公共演讲的孩子,但是他却很紧张,可知Chris是因为演讲紧张,故选B。
2.What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to
A.Improper pauses. B.Bad manners.
C.Spelling mistakes. D.Silly jokes.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第二段可知,像很多英语不是母语的学习者一样,Chris 发-ld比较困难,但总体来说Chris做得出奇地好。根据前文可知,-ld发音不准,因此有些结巴,停顿得不准。故选A。
3.We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to .
A.help students see their own strengths
B.assess students’ public speaking skills
C.prepare students for their future jobs
D.inspire students’ love for politics
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句以及最后一段可知Whaley老师这么做是为了帮助学生发现自己优良的品质来增加信心。故选A。
4.Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher
A.Humorous. B.Ambitious.
C.Caring. D.Demanding.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知,当他有一天让如果认为自己当不了总统的学生举手的时候,有了这个主意,这个课程就是帮助学生树立自信心,所以看出这位老师很关心学生的成长。humorous 幽默的;ambitious 有雄心壮志的;caring 关心的;demanding要求高的。故选C。
【难句剖析】Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.
分析:这是一个复合句。主句为Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project,后面when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president为when引导的时间状语从句,在这个从句中if引导条件状语从句。
翻译:当有一天他让如果认为自己绝不可能当总统的学生举手的时候,他就有了打算开启这个二年级的总统竞选项目的主意。
自信是成功的第一秘诀。作为一个老师,要关注学生的成长,可以通过组织活动帮助学生建立自信心。同时,学生也要付出努力,坚信付出就会有回报。当一个人满怀信心地投入到自己正在做的事情时,他成功的可能性肯定会更大。
●Main idea:Chris built his self-confidence with the help of his teacher.
●Para 1: 1.It is Chris Palaez’s turn to make a speech.
●Para 2:Chris is doing 2.amazingly(amazing) well except 3.for some stumbles and his teacher Whaley invites the other students 4.to praise(praise) him.
●Paras 3、4:5.Learning(learn) English as a second language is a 6.painful(pain) experience for Chris,a son of immigrants.
●Paras 5、6:
7.Through this second-grade presidential campaign project,Whaley wants these kids to learn to boast about 8.themselves(they).
核心词汇试填
①public speaking 演讲;演说
②next to 紧挨着
③at the beginning of 在……的开始
④feel confident 感到自信
⑤break one’s heart 使人伤心
⑥boast about oneself 自夸
PAGE
10Your Progress &Video Time
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.I’m very glad to see that your vocabulary(词汇) is gradually building up.
2.China has always insisted that all countries, big or small, should be equal(平等的).
3.Can you relate(联系) what happened in your childhood to your present state of mind
4.Mr Byers demanded(要求) an immediate explanation from the Education Secretary last night.
5.There was a wide gap(差距) between the views of the two statesmen.
6.Can you give a description(描述) of the contents of your lost wallet
7.It is a struggle(斗争) for me to rid myself of my fears.
8.She is now crazy about classical(古典的) music and will not miss any chance to attend a concert.
9.This is an animal that is specific(特有的) to this part of Africa.
10.I’d appreciate(感激) your writing me back as soon as possible.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.The scenery was so beautiful that it was almost beyond description(describe).
2.She demanded to see(see) the headmaster immediately to settle the problem.
3.Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be equally(equal) respected.
4.I would like to give my opinion in relation(relate) to this problem.
5.Do you mind telling(tell) me how to use this function
6.Taking(take) exercise every morning makes one person healthy.
7.The question is how to get him to join us in the activity.
8.Your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.
9.He struggled against/with cancer for two years.
10.Owing to my poor English, I had trouble finding(find) your house.
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示补全句子
1.当我进入高中后,我对语言学习的态度改变了。
When I entered senior high school,my attitude towards language learning changed.
2.无论他做出什么决定我都会支持的。
Whatever/ No matter what decision he made I would support it.
3.鸟儿通常只和同类的其他鸟儿一起飞翔。
Birds usually only fly together with other birds of the same kind.
4.在这次旅行中,汤姆和他的父亲在中国习俗方面遇到了一些麻烦。
Tom and his father had some trouble with Chinese customs during the travel.
5.如果您能就如何解决这些问题给我一些建议,我将不胜感激。
I would appreciate it if you can give me some advice on how to solve these problems.
Ⅳ.语法填空
Do you have any problems with learning English I guess everybody 1 (have).In the text, three students show their different 2 (problem) with learning English.Liu Wen has a lot of trouble 3 his listening.When he listens to native English speakers 4 (talk) in a video, he can catch only a few words 5 can never quite get the main idea.As for Jia Xin, she doesn’t know 6 to be polite in English.However, for Li Rui, vocabulary is 7 (she) biggest problem.There are just so many new words! She can’t keep all the new vocabulary straight in her head, and she 8 (certain) can’t remember how 9 (use) them all properly.Can you give them some 10 (advise) on learning English
1.has 2.problems 3.with 4.talking 5.and 6.how
7.her 8.certainly 9.to use 10.advice
Ⅰ.阅读理解
话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
标准英语 说明文 276 6分钟
Standard English is that variety of English which is usually used in print, and which is normally taught in schools and to non-native speakers learning the language.It is also the variety which is normally spoken by educated people and used in news broadcasts and other similar situations.The difference between standard and nonstandard, it should be noted, has nothing in principle (原理) to do with differences between formal and informal language: Standard English has informal as well as formal variants.
Historically the standard variety of English is based on the London Dialect of English that developed after the Norman Conquest resulted in the removal of the Court from Winchester to London.This dialect became the one preferred by the educated, and it was developed and promoted as a model, or norm, for wider and wider parts of society.It was also the norm that was carried overseas, but not one unaffected by such export.
Today, standard English is codified (编写) to the degree that the grammar and vocabulary of English are much the same everywhere in the world where English is used: difference among the local standards is really quite small, so that the Singapore, South Africa, and Irish varieties are really very little different from one another so far as grammar and vocabulary are concerned.Indeed, standard English is so powerful that it puts a big pressure on all local varieties, to the degree that many of the long-established dialects of England have lost much of their vigor and there is much pressure on them to converge (靠拢) towards the standard.
【语篇概述】本文讲述了现在使用的标准英语的起源和发展。
1.The main topic of the text is .
A.the difference between standard English and nonstandard English
B.the influence between standard English and nonstandard English
C.the origin and development of standard English used nowadays
D.the difference between standard English and the London dialects
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了现在使用的标准英语的起源和发展。故选C。
2.What does the underlined word “vigor” in the last paragraph mean
A.Power. B.Visit. C.Users. D.History.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据vigor所在句子中have lost以及converge towards the standard可推测存在已久的英国的方言已经失去很多活力并且被迫向标准英语靠拢。由此可知,vigor表示“活力,力量”,故选A。
3.In terms of grammar and vocabulary, standard English .
A.differs greatly from dialects in the U.K.
B.differs little from any variety of English in the world
C.differs greatly from dialects outside the U.K.
D.has nothing in common with American English
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句可知,标准英语的编写已经达到了语法和词汇在全世界都是一样的程度。故选B。
4.The stronger influence of standard English is causing .
A.different local standards to appear
B.difference among dialects to grow
C.many dialects to lose their features
D.many new varieties to disappear
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Indeed, standard English is so powerful that it puts a big pressure on all local varieties, to the degree that many of the long-established dialects of England have lost much of their vigor”可知,标准英语很强大,所以当地方言有压力,以至于很多方言失去了它们的活力与特点。故选C。
Ⅱ.阅读填句
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
学习语言的好处 说明文 264 8分钟
An obvious reason for learning a new language is to be able to communicate with the people who speak it.1. People in every country prefer it when tourists make an effort to speak the local language, even if all you can say in it is “hello” and “please”.
Cultural understanding
Speaking a new language helps you to get to know another people and culture, as language and culture go hand in hand.2. It shows new ways of looking at the world.In addition, if you can speak another language, you can enjoy literature, films, and music in the original language.It is extremely difficult for a translation to be a perfect replica (复制品) of the original.3.
Business and careers
4. Schools and employers tend to prefer candidates who can speak one foreign language or more.Even though English is widely spoken in the world, the fact is that the global economy depends on communication.When dealing with the French, for example, someone who can speak French will have a distinct advantage over someone who can’t.
Language improvement
Learning another language can help you to understand your own language.Many languages have contributed to the development of English.5. Also, while learning how another language differs from your own, you will get a better understanding of your own language.For many people, language is innate — we know how to say something, but we don’t necessarily know why we say it that way.Learning another language can change that.
A.Language is helpful in making foreign friends.
B.The best way is to read what the author actually wrote.
C.Learning another language opens your mind to new ideas.
D.Your trip will be comfortable if you can speak the local language.
E.The ability to speak more than one language can increase your marketability.
F.It is true that mastering another foreign language is very beneficial.
G.Learning those will teach you where words and even grammatical structures are from.
【语篇概述】学习语言是为了交流,但它对了解异域文化、职业发展和语言能力的提高也有很大的帮助。
1.【解析】选D。根据空后的“People in every country prefer it when tourists make an effort to speak the local language, even if ...”可知应选D项“如果你会说当地的语言,你的旅途会很舒服”。D项中的Your trip与tourists相呼应。
2.【解析】选C。根据空前的“Speaking a new language helps you to get to know another people and culture ...”及空后一句可知,学习另一种语言能够使人思想开阔。C项符合文意。
3.【解析】选B。根据空前的“It is extremely difficult for a translation to be a perfect replica of the original.”可知,最好的方法是阅读原著。B项符合文意。
4.【解析】选E。根据空后的“Schools and employers tend to prefer candidates who can speak one foreign language or more.”可知,会讲多种语言能够提高你的市场性,使你更受欢迎。E项符合文意。
5.【解析】选G。空前谈到许多语言促进了英语的发展,由此可知,通过学习那些语言能够知道词汇和语法结构的起源,G项符合题意。
Ⅲ.完形填空
话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
英语发音 说明文 208 12分钟
What do we mean by a perfect English pronunciation In one 1 there are as many different kinds of English as there are speakers of it. 2 two speakers speak in exactly the same way.We can always hear differences between them, and the pronunciation of English 3 a great deal in different geographical areas.How do we decide what sort of English to use as a 4 This is not a question that can be 5 in the same way for all foreign learners of English.If you live in a part of the world 6 India or West Africa, where there is a long 7 of speaking English for general communication purposes, you should 8 to acquire a good variety of the pronunciation of this area.It would be a 9 in these circumstances to use as a model BBC English or 10 of the sort.On the other hand, if you live in a country 11 there is no traditional use of English, you must take as your model some form of 12 English pronunciation.It does not 13 very much which form you choose.The most 14 way is to take the sort of English you can 15 most often as your model.
1.A.sign B.distance C.sense D.mixture
【解析】选C。“in a/ one sense”是固定搭配,意为“从某种意义上说”。
2.A.Not B.None C.No D.Nowhere
【解析】选C。句意:没有两个人说话的方式完全相同。no可用作限定词,not只能用作副词。
3.A.changes B.exists C.varies D.happens
【解析】选C。根据后面的“a good variety of”可知答案。
4.A.direction B.symbol C.guide D.model
【解析】选D。model“榜样,范例”;direction“方向”;symbol“象征”;guide“向导”。根据下文中的“take as your model”可知答案。
5.A.analysed B.recognized C.replied D.answered
【解析】选D。根据前面的question可知应选answered,若选C项,replied后需加to。
6.A.as B.like C.unlike D.likely
【解析】选B。like用作介词,意为“像,如同”。
7.A.custom B.tradition C.use D.habit
【解析】选B。tradition“传统”;custom“习俗,习惯”;use“使用, 用途”;habit“习惯,习性”。根据后文“there is no traditional use of English”可知。
8.A.aim B.lead C.access D.tend
【解析】选D。tend to do sth.意为“有做某事的倾向”,符合句意。
9.A.distinction B.nonsense C.talent D.disability
【解析】选B。nonsense意为“无意义的事”。此处是说在有很多不同发音的地区没有必要使用标准的BBC英语。
10.A.everything B.anything C.nothing D.anywhere
【解析】选B。“or anything of the sort”是对BBC英语的补充说明。
11.A.where B.which C.that D.wherever
【解析】选A。where引导定语从句,修饰先行词a country。
12.A.practical B.native C.abroad D.narrow
【解析】选B。意为“本国的,本土的”,符合语意。
13.A.care B.trouble C.affect D.matter
【解析】选D。句意:你选择哪种方式没有多大关系(matter)。
14.A.effective B.likely C.entire D.official
【解析】选A。句意:最有效的(effective)方法是将你最常听到的那种英语作为你的模仿对象。
15.A.listen B.sound C.hear D.touch
【解析】选C。hear强调听的结果,意为“听到”。
PAGE
8Period 1 Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示完成句子
1.The Westerners find it hard to write Chinese characters(字).
2.It is wrong of you to have carved(刻) your name on the desk.
3.All these symbols(符号) show that the place is dangerous to get close to.
4.The computer system(系统) will crash when viruses attack.
5.Despite(尽管) his lack of experience, he got the job.
6.You say you were born in Hebei, but can you be more specific(具体的)
7.Her calligraphy(书法) as well as her paintings can be regarded as great works of art.
8.Do you want to read the great Chinese classics(名著) from early Chinese dynasties
9.We live in a global(全球的) village.
10.The Tang Dynasty(朝代) was the golden age of classical Chinese poetry.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Chinese food is famous for its wide variety(various).
2.I wrote down the name of the hotel for future reference(refer).
3.The study is based(base) on data from 2,100 women.
4.So far, every possible means has been tried(try) to solve the problem.
5.He expressed his appreciation(appreciate) for what he had read in these poems.
6.We should take a positive attitude to language learning.
7.You know who I am referring to.
8.Chinese calligraphy dates back to at least the Han Dynasty.
9.He majors in chemistry.
10.I regard him as my best friend.
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1.数十亿人把联合国的官方语言作为自己的母语或第二语言。(billion; native; regard)
Billions of people regard the official language of the United Nations as their native or second language.
2.生活总是充满了起起落落。勇敢一些,困难时也不要抱怨。(ups and downs)
Life is full of ups and downs.Be brave and don’t complain when things get tough.
3.中国在国际事务中起着越来越重要的作用。(play a role in; affair)
China is playing an increasingly important role in international affairs.
4.以前他们通过邮件保持联系。(means)
They used to keep in touch by means of mail.
5.这个新方法对我们很有帮助。(be+of+n.)
The new method is of great help to us.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
China is 1 (wide) known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way until now.One of the main 2 (factor) is the Chinese writing system.
At the beginning, written Chinese 3 (base) on picture language, which dates back several thousand years.Ancient Chinese people carved symbols on animal bones and shells.
By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols 4 (become) a well-developed writing system.At that time, people lived in different places, 5 (lead) to many varieties of dialects and characters.
Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one country 6 the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.The writing system played 7 important part in uniting the Chinese people and culture.Now, people can still communicate in writing.
Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past.People in modern times can read classic works which 8 (write) by Chinese in ancient times.The Chinese writing system has developed into Chinese calligraphy, 9 is an important part of Chinese culture.Today, the Chinese writing system plays a greater role in 10 (globe) affairs.
1.widely 2.factors 3.was based 4.had become 5.leading
6.where 7.an 8.were written 9.which 10.global
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
澳大利亚英语 说明文 328 8分钟
Australia was first used as an island prison by Britain to solve their problem of having a fast growing prison population.These early settlers were those who were sent from all over Great Britain, including Ireland, Wales, and Scotland.Later events, such as the gold rush, caused several waves of immigration (移居) from Europe, Asia and other parts of the world.It is commonly thought that Australians are offspring (后代) of those criminals (罪犯)! In fact, only a part of Australians are those criminals’ offspring.Also, in those days, people could be put into prison or sent to Australia for small crimes, like stealing a loaf of bread.Today Australia is home to the largest Greek and Italian communities in the world, outside Greece and Italy.This has helped the Australian accent develop.
Australian English was created by the first generation of children born in the new area.Since they talked with people who have different accents, they began to speak a distinct dialect of English that was to become the language of the nation.These differences were first noted by late arrivals in the early 1800s, and the language sounds like Cockney English, spoken by the working class in London.
Soon, words from native languages were to become part of the Australian English.Here are some words you may consider them to be Standard English.In fact, they are from native Australian languages!
△The names of many places and animals, including Canberra (the Australian capital, meaning “meeting place” in the local language).
△Hard yakka—meaning “hard work”, coming from the language of the Brisbane area.
△Cooee—a call used traditionally by native Australians to attract attention, because the sound can travel long distances.
△Bung—meaning “dead”, but also used to mean broken or useless.For example, “He has a bung eye.”
【语篇概述】本文是说明文。澳大利亚英语是怎么发展而来的呢 有哪些词是从本土语转变过来的呢 本文简单介绍了其历史和一些本土词汇。
1.What is commonly believed according to Paragraph 1
A.Australians are offspring of those criminals.
B.Some Australians are children of those criminals.
C.Small crimes meant going to prison in Australia.
D.Australians are offspring of the British people.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段的It is commonly thought that Australians are offspring of those criminals!可知,人们普遍认为澳大利亚人是那些罪犯的后代。故选A。
2.What does the underlined word“distinct” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Interesting. B.Different.
C.Beautiful. D.Difficult.
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据语境和第二段的These differences were first noted by late arrivals in the early 1800s...可知,画线词在这里意为“不同的”。故选B。
3.What do the words mentioned in the last paragraph have in common
A.They are all Standard English.
B.They all mean places and animals.
C.They are only used by Australians.
D.They are all from native Australian languages.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段的...words from native languages were to become part of the Australian English.可知,这些词都是来自澳大利亚的本土语言。故选D。
B
话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
英语口音 说明文 254 6分钟
Many English learners have difficulty deciding what kind of English accent they want to have.A US accent, perhaps modelled on a Hollywood star speaker Or maybe you want to imitate the British accent of a BBC news reader
Young British people find the US accent attractive while young US people like a British accent.Especially when the person speaking is of the opposite sex! Let’s listen to what they have to say.
Stephen Yang, 17, from London, UK
A US accent is cute,especially when a girl speaks it.Whether it’s Jessia Alba speaking or the girl next door, the way US girls speak has a sweet tingle (感觉) that is really fashionable.A girl from Texas recently moved into our neighbourhood.Her Texan twang (鼻音) had all the boys here on their knees within seconds of meeting her.
To me, accents reflect the attitudes, characteristics (特征) and lifestyles of the people.
Jennifer Sun, 16, from New Jersey, US.
From watching English actors like Daniel Radcliffe, my friends and I have developed a good feeling for British men.Some are attracted to the qualities of English males, while others admire their sense of style.
Everyone, however, agrees that the most appealing aspect of an English man is his accent.For example, many American girls watch Harry Potter movies over and over again just to listen to the actors speak.
The English accent seems almost like art.
【语篇概述】本文是说明文。文章主要谈论的是人们对美式口音和英式口音的不同观点。
4.In Stephen Yang’s opinion, accents show .
A.the beauty of the language
B.how the language is spoken
C.the fashion of the day
D.the cultural differences of the speakers
【解析】选D。细节理解题。 根据Stephen Yang所说的话To me, accents reflect the attitudes, characteristics and lifestyles of the people.可知,他认为口音反映说话人的文化差异。 故选D。
5.The underlined word “cute” probably means .
A.strange B.exciting
C.attractive D.fashionable
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句Young British people find the US accent attractive 可知,cute指的是attractive。 故选C。
6.Many American girls watch Harry Potter again and again in order to .
A.learn the acting skills of these stars
B.listen to the actors’ accents
C.learn the magic performed by Harry Potter
D.know more about British English
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的For example...to the actors speak.可知选B。
7.What is probably the best title for this passage
A.British Accent or American Accent
B.British English and American English
C.American English Accent Is Most Accepted
D.British English Accent Is Most Accepted
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文主要谈论的是人们对美式口音和英式口音的不同观点。故选A。
Ⅱ.阅读填句
话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
语言学习技巧 说明文 228 6分钟
(2021·杭州高一检测)
There’s no such thing as being born “good at languages”. However, there are people who learn languages well, but that has nothing to do with them being naturally good at it. 1.
Good language learners are actively involved in their learning process. They do not expect to learn English only by sitting in the classroom.2. They are organized and active. They look for creative ways both inside and outside the classroom to try out what they have learned.
Good language learners know that language is used to communicate. They pay attention to meaning. They have good techniques to practice listening, speaking, reading and writing. They push themselves to speak and try to become fluent.3.
4. It may not be easy at first but thinking in English is worth cultivating as a vital skill that will improve all areas of your language learning. To help you think in English, carry on a dialogue with yourself in English when walking along, sitting on a bus, or taking a break from other studies. Use English whenever and wherever you can.
Good language learners have a long-term devotion to language learning. They work through any feelings of frustration or lack of confidence. They are able to deal with the challenges of learning a new language.5. Instead, they remind themselves how important it is to keep going.
A.They don’t let themselves give up.
B.They do not rely on the teacher for all the learning.
C.Good language learners try to think in the language.
D.It has to do with their attitude and the way they learn.
E.They clearly know their own strengths and weaknesses.
F.They look for opportunities to talk with native speakers.
G.Good language learners try to figure out how the language works.
【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。没有天生就擅长语言这回事。然而,有些人学语言学得很好,但这与他们天生就擅长这门语言无关,与他们的态度和学习方式有关。文章主要介绍了好的语言学习者所具备的一些良好的学习态度和学习方式。
1.【解析】选D。根据上文“没有天生就擅长语言这回事。然而,有些人学语言学得很好,但这与他们天生就擅长这门语言无关。”可知,本句应承接上文继续说明有些人语言学得好的真正原因:与他们的态度和学习方式有关。D选项中they指代上文people who learn languages well。故D选项“这与他们的态度和学习方式有关”符合语境,故选D。
2.【解析】选B。根据上文“Good language learners are actively involved in their learning process. They do not expect to learn English only by sitting in the classroom.(好的语言学习者积极地参与自己的学习过程。他们不指望只坐在教室里学习英语。)”以及后文“They are organized and active. They look for creative ways both inside and outside the classroom to try out what they have learned.(他们很有组织性,很活跃。他们在课堂内外寻找创造性的方法来尝试他们所学到的东西。)”可知,上文提到好的语言学习者不指望只坐在教室里学习英语,后文则提到他们具有主动性和积极性,可推测本句与上一句并列,也是在列举好的语言学习者不会只是依赖老师来学习语言。故B选项“他们不依赖老师来进行学习”符合语境,故选B。
3.【解析】选F。根据上文“好的语言学习者知道语言是用来交流的。他们注重意义。他们有很好的练习听、说、读、写的技巧。他们强迫自己去说,并试图说得流利。”可知,本段说明了好的语言学习者学习语言的方式之一是他们将语言用于交流,本段最后一句,应承接上文继续说明他们是如何将语言用来交流的,故F选项“他们寻找机会与母语为英语的人交谈”符合语境,故选F。
4.【解析】选C。根据后文“刚开始可能不容易,但用英语思考是值得培养的一项重要技能,它可以提高你语言学习的各个方面。为了帮助你用英语思考,你可以在走路、坐公共汽车或休息时用英语和自己进行对话。随时随地使用英语。”可知,本段说明的方法是:用语言思考,C选项中think in the language对应后文中think in English。故C选项“好的语言学习者努力用语言思考”符合语境,故选C。
5.【解析】选A。根据上文“好的语言学习者对语言学习有长期的投入。他们克服挫折感或不自信。他们能够应对学习一门新语言的挑战)”以及后文“Instead,they remind themselves how important it is to keep going.(相反,他们会提醒自己坚持下去是多么重要。)”可知,好的语言学习者会克服挫折感和不自信,即不轻易放弃,故A选项“他们不让自己放弃”符合语境,故选A。
PAGE
8Period 2 Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.I want to thank Professor Smith, without whom I would never have made such great progress.
2.Can you tell me the reason why they didn’t attend the lecture
3.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week when the weather may be better.
4.He wrote a letter where he explained what had happened in the accident.
5.He may win the competition, in which case he is likely to get into the national team.
6.I bought a dozen eggs, six of which were broken when I dropped the box.
7.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.
8.I was told that there were about 50 foreign students studying Chinese in the school, most of whom were from Germany.
9.I am looking forward to the day when my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
10.Creating an atmosphere where employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
Ⅱ.使用定语从句完成句子
1.He loves his parents deeply,both of whom are very kind to him.
他深深地爱着他的父母,他们两个都对他很好。
2.The reason why/ for which I come here is that I want to get your help.
我来这里的原因是想得到你的帮助。
3.October 1st, 1949 was the day when/ on which the People’s Republic of China was founded.
1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。
4.We live in an age in which information is more readily available than ever before.
我们生活在一个获得信息比以往任何时候都更方便的时代。
5.Many countries are now setting up national parks where animals and plants can be protected.
许多国家现在都在建立国家公园,在那里动植物可以受到保护。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Calligraphy, the art of writing, was the art form prized above all others in traditional China.Painting was contemporary (同时代的) with calligraphy, sharing
1 same tools — namely, brush and ink.Yet calligraphy was regarded 2 a fine art long before painting.
The status (地位) of calligraphy shows the importance of the word in China. 3 makes the written words distinctive is its visual form.However, despite its abstract(抽象的) 4 (appear), calligraphy is not an abstract form.
How can a simple character express all this The use of brush and ink 5 (have) much to do with it.A calligrapher can control the thickness of the ink by varying both the amount of water and the solid ink.Once he starts writing, by loading the brush sometimes with 6 (much) ink or sometimes with less, he creates characters 7 were like a shower of rocks here and a drop of dew (露水) there.
The Chinese written language 8 (begin) to develop more than 3,000 years ago and 9 (final) changed into five basic script types.Over the centuries, calligraphers were free to write in any of them, 10 (depend) on the text’s function.The calligraphic tradition remains alive today.
1.the 2.as 3.What 4.appearance 5.has
6.more 7.that/which 8.began 9.finally 10.depending
Ⅳ.微写作(根据汉语提示补全短文)
1.There was a time when(有一段时间) I was tired of learning English and disliked speaking English.And 2.this was the reason why(这就是……的原因) my father forced me to join in a 30-day training in an English club before I went to senior high school.When I first came to the club,3.where I met many strangers(在那里我遇到了很多陌生人), I missed my parents very much.So I packed up my things and wanted to go home.Fortunately, my guide,4.whose teacher(他的老师) was a master, communicated with me face-to-face,5.from whom I gained some useful instructions(从他那里我得到了一些有用的指导).He also introduced a good partner to me, and we got along well with each other.Gradually I adapted to the life there.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
AI 语言翻译 说明文 311 7分钟
(2021·辽阳高一检测)
Facebook has developed a kind of AI (人工智能), translating between any pair of 100 languages without depending on first translating to English.
Facebook’s system was trained on a data (数据)set of 7. 5 billion sentence pairs collected from the web across 100 languages though not all the languages had an equal number of sentence pairs. “What I was really interested in was cutting out English as a middle man. Globally there are plenty of countries where they speak two languages that aren’t English,”says Angela Fan of Facebook AI who led the work.
For some language pairs, the new system shows obvious improvements in translation quality. For example, translating from Spanish to Portuguese is extremely strong because Spanish is the second-most spoken first language worldwide, meaning the researchers can get a lot of data. Translation between English and Belarusian also is improved because the AI can translate Russian into English, which shares similarities with Belarusian.
While the system isn’t in use on the social network site, Facebook plans to put it to work soon to manage the 20 billion translations made every day when people click “Translate” on posts (帖子)written in more than 160 languages. “Future work will be done on other language,” says Fan,“especially for languages where we don’t have a lot of data, like South-East Asian and African languages.”
The work “breaks away from the English-centric models and tries to build more different models”,says Sheila Castilho of the ADAPT Centre at Dublin City University,Ireland. “Thai’s pretty new and different. But it’s hard to know if the AI does a right translation work,” says Castilho. “The users may not know the other language, so they cannot judge the correctness of the translation.”
【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Facebook已经开发了一种能翻译100种语言的人工智能。
1.What’s Angela Fan’s purpose of making the research
A.To collect data of all kinds of people.
B.To avoid using English as a middle man in translation.
C.To achieve her dream of becoming a translator.
D.To make learning different languages easier.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段“What I was really interested in was cutting out English as a middle man. Globally there are plenty of countries where they speak two languages that aren’t English(我真正感兴趣的是不把英语作为“中间载体”。从全球来看,有很多国家的人说除了英语外的两种语言)”可知,Angela Fan的研究目的是避免在翻译中使用英语作为“中间载体”。故选B。
2.Why is it easy to translate from Spanish to Portuguese by AI
A.Portuguese is similar to Spanish.
B.Spanish is spoken by the largest number of people.
C.Researchers have a good knowledge of the two languages.
D.There is much data on Spanish.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段“For example, translating from Spanish to Portuguese is extremely strong because Spanish is the second-most spoken first language worldwide, meaning the researchers can get a lot of data.(例如,从西班牙语到葡萄牙语的翻译非常强大,因为西班牙语是世界上第二大母语,这意味着研究人员可以获得大量数据。)”可知,人工智能很容易把西班牙语翻译成葡萄牙语,原因是西班牙语的资料数据很多。故选D。
3.What is Castilho worried about
A.The safety of AI translation.
B.The way of using Facebook.
C.The correctness of AI translation.
D.The number of posts on the website.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段“But it’s hard to know if the AI does a right translation work(但是很难知道人工智能的翻译是否正确)”和“The users may not know the other language, so they cannot judge the correctness of the translation.(使用者可能不懂另一种语言,所以他们不能判断翻译的正确性。)”可知,Castilho担心人工智能翻译的正确性。故选C。
4.What is the text mainly about
A.Facebook AI can translate any pair of 100 languages.
B.Facebook wants to buy a new system.
C.Facebook AI can talk with the users.
D.Facebook has lost many users.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第一段“Facebook has developed a kind of AI, translating between any pair of 100 languages without depending on first translating to English.(Facebook已经开发了一种人工智能,可以在100种语言之间进行翻译,而不需要先翻译成英语。)”可知,短文主要是关于Facebook已经开发了一种能翻译100种语言的人工智能。故选A。
B
话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
英语的广泛使用 说明文 257 6分钟
English has surely become the global language.Whenever we turn on the news to find out what’s happening in East Asia, or Africa, or anywhere, people are being interviewed and telling us about it in English.
If people look at the facts about the amazing reach of the English language, many would be surprised.English is used in over 90 countries as an official or semi-official language.English is the working language of many international institutes (研究所) as well as of most international research scientists.It is also the language that Indian parents and black parents wish their children to learn.It is believed that over one billion people worldwide are now learning English.
One of the most important causes of the spread of English around the world is that Europeans are willing to accept it as their language.English is spreading from northern Europe to the south and is now the second language in countries such as Sweden, Norway, Netherlands and Denmark.If one visits any of them, it would seem that almost everyone there can talk in English.
Recently, a report said that at the beginning of 2001,English was the most widely known foreign language with 43% of Europeans saying they spoke it.The report also said that with over 89% of the population speaking English,Sweden now has the highest percentage of English speakers.What’s more, English is the language rated as most useful to know, and over 77% of Europeans who do not speak English as their first language consider it useful.
【语篇概述】本文主要说明了英语是目前世界上的通用语言。
5.By writing this passage, the writer mainly wants to tell us .
A.why so many people speak English around the world
B.that English has become a language spoken all over the world
C.about the development of English in Europe
D.something about the English-speaking countries
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据本文的第一句“English has surely become the global language.”以及后文的具体描述可知,作者主要想告诉我们,英语是目前世界的通用语言。
6.According to the passage, what has played an important role in spreading English around the world
A.That governments have asked their people to learn it in school.
B.That English is the most beautiful language in the world.
C.That Europeans are willing to accept English as their language.
D.That people have to use English in their work.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段的“One of the most important causes of the spread of English around the world is that Europeans are willing to accept it as their language.”可知C项正确。
7.What does the underlined word “rated” in the last paragraph mean
A.Stood. B.Agreed. C.Considered. D.Argued.
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据语境以及第四段的“consider it useful”可知,rate在这里意为“认为,看作”。
8.What can we learn from the passage
A.Black parents don’t want their children to learn English.
B.English is used in over 90 countries as an official language.
C.Not all international research scientists speak English at work.
D.English has become the most important language in Sweden.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的“English is the working language ...as well as of most international research scientists.”可知,并不是所有的国际研究科学人员工作时都使用英语。
Ⅱ.完形填空
话题 体裁 词数 建议用时
语言学习 说明文 324 16分钟
In schools all over the world boys and girls are learning foreign languages. 1 knows his own language, but knowing another one is very useful, especially when we travel to other countries. 2 we go to France, we ought to be able to speak French, and in Germany people will expect us to understand German.
How many languages are there in the world There are about fifteen hundred, but many of them are not very 3 .English is one of the most important languages
4 so many people use it, not only in England and the USA, 5 in other parts of the world.More than 200 million people speak it 6 their native language, and about another 200 million people use it as a foreign language.It is 7 to say how many people are learning it.Many millions of school boys and school girls are trying to do so.
Which is the best way to learn a language We should remember that we all learnt our own language well when we were children.If we could learn another one in the same way, it would not seem so 8 .Think of what a child 9 .It listens to what people say, and it tries to imitate (模仿) what it hears.When it wants something, it 10 ask for it.It is 11 the language, talking in it, and thinking in it all the time.If people have to use the language they are learning all the time, they will master it quickly.
12 is also important to remember that we learn our own language by hearing people speak it, not by seeing 13 they write.We imitate what we hear.In school, 14 you learn to read and write as well as to hear and speak, it is 15 to learn all the new words first through the ear.You can read them, spell them, and write them later.
【语篇概述】本文主要讲述了学习外语的重要性。世界上有很多种语言,也有很多学习外语的方法。
1.A.No one B.Someone C.Everybody D.Anyone
【解析】选C。根据空格后的“自己的语言”可知,每个人都知道自己的语言,故用everybody。
2.A.Unless B.If C.Though D.However
【解析】选B。此处表示“如果我们去法国……”,故用if引导条件状语从句。
3.A.necessary B.easy C.important D.official
【解析】选C。句意:虽然世界上大约有1 500种语言,但其中有很多并不太重要。故用important。
4.A.although B.because C.when D.unless
【解析】选B。“英语是最重要的语言之一,因为很多人在使用它”,此处是因果关系,故用because。
5.A.but B.or C.and D.nor
【解析】选A。此处为not only ...but (also) ...结构,意为“不但……,而且……”。
6.A.as B.like C.for D.with
【解析】选A。根据下文中的“as a foreign language”可得出答案。as意为“作为;当作”。
7.A.easy B.difficult C.different D.interesting
【解析】选B。根据上文的内容可知,超过两亿人把英语当作母语,另外大约有两亿人把英语当作外语来使用,所以很难说到底有多少人在学习它,故答案为difficult。
8.A.useful B.easy C.hard D.useless
【解析】选C。用当我们是孩子时学习母语的方法来学习一门外语,就不会很难了,故用hard。
9.A.does B.speaks C.learns D.likes
【解析】选A。想想一个小孩子是怎样做的,故用does。
10.A.ought to B.is able to C.decides D.has to
【解析】选D。一个小孩子在想要东西时得自己要,故用has to“不得不”。
11.A.learning B.getting C.using D.trying
【解析】选C。使用语言才能学好语言,故用using。
12.A.That B.It C.This D.What
【解析】选B。it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的to do不定式。
13.A.how B.what C.why D.when
【解析】选B。seeing后面的宾语从句中的谓语动词后缺少宾语,故用what。
14.A.although B.because C.as soon as D.as far as
【解析】选A。句意:在学校里,虽然你也学读写和听说,但先通过耳朵听新单词学会它们更好,故用although引导让步状语从句。
15.A.necessary B.greater C.better D.possible
【解析】选C。此处表达“更好”之意,故用better。
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