外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册：Unit 2 A life’s work 单元练习（含答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册：Unit 2 A life’s work 单元练习（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2021-12-07 23:01:59 | ||
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Unit 2 A life’s work 单元练习
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
As a heaven for family entertainment, Orlando is home to several nationally recognized dinner shows. With a variety as wide as the whole Florida, there is always a dinner show suited for all tastes.
Arabian Nights in Orlando
With over 60 horses, impressive costumes and sets, and all of the excitement of a royal wedding, Arabian Nights is a favorite for families! In fact, children are invited down after the show to pet the horses, take pictures, and meet the cast of Arabian Nights! Of course, everyone will enjoy the royal wedding feast during the performance, so be sure to arrive hungry.
Medieval (中世纪的) Times in Orlando
Cheer loudly for your brave knight (骑士) during the Medieval Times show, and he just might win the victory in your honor. In this thrilling competition, six brave knights fight against one another in a variety of medieval competitions. From the fierce joust (竞技) to the intense hand-to-hand fight, this show will bring the excitement of medieval times to life as you dine on a delicious feast fit for a king!
Pirate’s Dinner Adventure in Orlando
Prepare yourself for Pirate’s Dinner Adventure as you are transported into a battle with the evil Captain Sebastian the Black. The show features fantastic special effects, song & dance, and so on. Of course, you’ll also enjoy a delicious meal before battling against Captain Sebastian and his evil crews.
Sleuth’s Mystery Dinner
Use the clues provided during your dinner and evening entertainment as you work to figure out who has committed the crime! Put your sense of observation to good use, and you just might be the sleuth who figures out “whodunit”! If not, you’ll still enjoy a great meal and entertainment to remember for years to come.
1.What can you do at Medieval Times in Orlando
A.Meet the cast of the show.
B.Battle with Captain Sebastian.
C.Enjoy the excitement of joust and the fight.
D.Appreciate national dinner shows in Florida.
2.Who might be interested in Sleuth’s Mystery Dinner
A.Those fond of providing clues.
B.Those eager to commit crimes.
C.Those interested in taking pictures.
D.Those good at observing and reasoning.
3.What is the main purpose of the text
A.To advertise a dinner show.
B.To introduce dinner shows in Orlando.
C.To attract more adventurers to Florida.
D.To introduce an entertainment TV program.
B
One day, I was taking a nap in the red chair in my office when I woke up to the sound of a car crash. I sat up and looked, immediately, out of my window. Across the street, in a parking lot, a car had just backed into a chain-link fence. The car must have been moving fast, because it was in bad shape: Its hood had popped up. The fence was damaged, bent into the shape of the car’s back end.
I watched the driver get out of the car. He was strong with a shaved head; he wore cargo shorts and a flannel (法兰绒) shirt unbuttoned to expose his chest hair. I disliked him immediately. After a few seconds of assessing the damage, he attempted to pull the ruined fence back into place, but it wouldn’t move. He tried to push the fallen piece of the bumper back onto his car, but that only made the rest of his bumper fall off too.
I sat in my red chair, looking out of my window, silently cheering. I think I laughed out loud. This was a ridiculous masterpiece. He climbed out from under the collapsed fence and limped back to the apartment building above the lot, rubbing his elbow. The man—that disgusting man—was going to leave all the chaos behind for someone else to clean up.
But the man appeared a few minutes later with some tools. He got to work immediately, removing one of the fence’s bent support bars and hammering it straight on the asphalt (沥青). For the next hour, he doggedly(固执地) fixed the fence and even improved it. Now the fence would be extra secure, stronger than before, impossible to damage.
This strange man was actually a hero. I was the lazy one, with my knee-jerk judgments. My ugly assumptions, I realized, were all about myself. I would never have fixed that fence; I would have panicked and run away.
Years later, I still look out of my window at that fence almost every day. It still looks brand new. It makes me wonder what else that man has improved, and how I can make myself more like him.
4.Why did the driver leave a bad first impression on the writer
A.Because he badly damaged the fence.
B.Because he acted rudely and impolitely.
C.Because he escaped and left the mess to others.
D.Because he had a strange appearance and dressed casually.
5.The last two paragraphs tell us that .
A.if the writer were the driver, he thought he would do better
B.the writer gave a quick judgment from his previous experiences
C.the driver acted like a hero and had a great influence on the writer
D.the writer looks out of his window often and expects to see the driver again
6.Which of the following words can best describe the driver
A.Rude but honest.
B.Lazy but strong-minded.
C.Impatient but generous.
D.Strange-looking but responsible.
7.What can be the best title of the text
A.Don’t Judge a Book by Its Cover
B.One’s Thinking Directs One’s Action
C.Treat Other People as You Hope They Will Treat You
D.The Environment Depends on What You Think in Your Mind
C
For decades, China had wanted a Nobel Prize. Tu Youyou, a researcher who helped to develop a malaria(疟疾)medicine, finally won the country that honor.
In fact, Tu is not the only scientist in China who is catching the world’s attention. In 2016, the journal Nature published a list of the top 10 science stars in China. Gao Caixia and Cui Weicheng are two of them.
Gao Caixia has been devoted to genetic engineering for her whole career. She is known for using CRISPR-Cas9, the revolutionary gene-editing technique that is sweeping through biology labs around the world—in crops.
At first, Gao was unwilling to take up gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9 because her lab at the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing had already created mutations(变异)in 82 genes using an older type of technology. But after thinking carefully about it, she decided to give it a try.
After a year of hard work, her lab finally succeeded. Gao worked on genetic engineering in wheat, a crop that is famous for being difficult to work with. Now she is considered one of the best scientists in the world at engineering wheat.
Cui Weicheng is the developer of China’s record-setting Jiaolong submersible(潜水器). He is now a professor at Westlake University. In 2012, Cui rode inside China’s Jiaolong submersible and reached a depth of more than 7,000 meters in the Pacific.
Thanks to Jiaolong and the 57-year-old developer, China is now one of only a few nations that can explore the deep sea. Jiaolong can travel deeper than any other manned research submersible currently in use, which shows China’s increasing ambition and leadership in deep-sea research.
8.Why is Tu Youyou mentioned at the beginning of the passage
A.To show one of China’s long-held dreams.
B.To stress the importance of the Nobel Prize.
C.To praise Tu Youyou for her contributions.
D.To introduce more top Chinese scientists.
9.What is CRISPR-Cas9
A.A kind of gene-editing technique.
B.A lab where scientists work.
C.A kind of crop that is widely planted in the world.
D.A research team that works on genetic engineering.
10.What is Cui Weicheng’s biggest contribution to China
A.He teaches about the sea at a university.
B.He developed China’s Jiaolong submersible.
C.He is devoted to genetic engineering.
D.He reached the bottom of the ocean.
11.What is the best title for the passage
A.China’s Science Stars
B.China’s Nobel Prize Dream
C.Gao Caixia—China’s Crop Engineer
D.Cui Weicheng—China’s Deep-sea Diver
D
Dogs wag(摇摆) their tails in different directions depending on whether they are excited and wanting to move forward or threatened and thinking of moving back, a study has found.
Researchers in Italy examined the tail wagging behavior of 30 dogs, catching their responses to a range of stimuli(刺激物) with video cameras. To conduct the study they chose 15 male dogs and 15 female ones aged between one and six. The dogs were all family pets whose owners had allowed them to take part in the experiment at Bari University. The dogs were placed in a large wooden box with an opening at the front to allow them to view various stimuli. They were tested one at a time.
The researchers led by Professor Giorgio Vallortigara of the University of Trieste found that when the dogs were shown their owners—a positive experience—their tails wagged energetically to the right side. When they were shown an unfamiliar human they wagged to the right, but with somewhat less enthusiasm. The appearance of a cat again caused a right-hand side wag, although with less excitement again. The appearance of a large unfamiliar dog, similar to a German shepherd dog, changed the direction of tail wagging to the left. Researchers supposed the dog was thinking of moving back. When the dogs were not shown any stimuli, they tended to wag their tails to the left, suggesting they preferred company. While the changes in the tail wagging were not easily noticed without the aid of a video, it was thought that the findings could help people judge the mood (心情) of puter and video systems, for example, could be used by professional dog trainers to determine the mood of dogs that they were required to approach.
12.Why were the video cameras used to catch the dogs’ responses
A.It was easier to catch the dogs’ response changes in the tail wagging.
B.The dogs were put in the wooden boxes and tested one at a time.
C.They enabled the dogs’ owners to know about their dogs’ habit.
D.The dogs wagged their tails in different directions when they were in different moods.
13.When there were no stimuli, the dogs would .
A.wag their tails to the left
B.wag their tails to the right
C.not wag tails at all
D.wag tails to the left and then to the right
14.What does the underlined word “they” refer to in the last paragraph
A.The dogs. B.The trainers.
C.The systems. D.The researchers.
15.What’s the purpose of doing the experiment
A.To train dogs for their owners.
B.To help people judge the mood of dogs.
C.To help dogs find company.
D.To help people choose their pet dogs.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Daily Habits of Naturally Productive People
When it comes to being more efficient at your job, you know the basics. But research shows a whole new side of productivity you may not have realized. 16
Focus on being happier.
17 Even if a low mood does not completely disable you from functioning, it can decrease your productivity to make you far less efficient. Also, don’t hesitate to seek help. Not only will this help you achieve a more stable work-life balance, but a new outlook can also open you up to new opportunities and necessary changes.
Prioritize fitness.
You know the countless benefits of exercise. 18 Even 30-minute moderate-to-high physical activity just three to four times a day can go a long way in helping you accomplish your personal and professional goals. If you’re really not a fan of the gym, join a group class to keep yourself motivated.
19
Pressing pause is important. Studies show that prolonged tasks that require high levels of focus, energy, and attention can cause you to become less productive and focused over time. Take brief mental breaks. When we take “health breaks” we are much more focused and engaged in our next work; in contrast,when we try to work continually on a project without breaks our quality of work tends to deteriorate.
Don’t try to do everything at once.
People believe the more we can do at once, the better. 20 In fact, the more we multitask, the less efficient and productive we become. Instead, to increase productivity, focus on one task at a time until it’s completed and then give all of your attention to the next task.
A.Take breaks at times.
B.Make productivity first.
C.However, research shows the opposite.
D.Studies find happier people are more productive.
E.Have a look at these habits of naturally productive people.
F.It improves your mood and increases your brain’s productivity.
G.Research shows that daylight improves your levels of activity.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After persuading most of his patients, his wife and son to go back to France following the lockdown of Wuhan, Philippe Klein, a French doctor, decided to stay in the epicenter during the COVID-19 outbreak.
“I am a doctor, so I have to do my job and do my 21 ,” said Klein.
Before authorities in Wuhan 22 the city, suspending all outbound flights and trains in late January to 23 the highly infectious disease, Klein had 24 about 500 foreigners living in Wuhan, most of them French.
Following the outbreak, he closed his 25 at the hospital to reduce the chances of infection for his patients. Instead, he began to give 26 and treatment at patients’ homes.
But while he continued to see his patients, Klein found some had a fever and he might be 27 with the virus, so he decided to send his wife and son back to France.
“When I came back home after seeing patients, I didn’t feel very comfortable. I really did not want to put my family 28 , so I asked my wife to leave Wuhan,” he said. “My son was crying when we 29 , but it was better for them to leave Wuhan and let me do my job. Also they were very proud because I was doing my duty here.”
In addition to his sense of duty as a doctor, he said he also chose to stay because of his deep 30 for the people and the city.
“People in Wuhan are very friendly to French, and here I feel like a star sometimes,” he said. 31 the lockdown of a vast city with 11 million people, which is rare in human history, has made a big 32 on Klein. He said he was touched by the 33 Wuhan residents had made to contain the outbreak.
“The last month was the craziest month in my 34 life,” he said. “And I would like to say to the people of Wuhan and to Chinese people that they are going to overcome this epidemic. And their sacrifice, their courage and their unity, will 35 . It will be an example to the world to make such a sacrifice to protect the rest of the world.”
21.A.share B.duty
C.thing D.bit
22.A.sealed B.decorated
C.damaged D.saved
23.A.contain B.decrease
C.fuel D.cancel
24.A.healed B.recovered
C.served D.cured
25.A.studio B.clinic
C.agency D.firm
26.A.finance B.analyses
C.relief D.diagnoses
27.A.tested B.influenced
C.infected D.detected
28.A.in trouble B.in danger
C.in anxiety D.in progress
29.A.departed B.left
C.flew D.parted
30.A.affection B.influence
C.attitude D.association
31.A.Sensing B.Witnessing
C.Smiling D.Hearing
32.A.contribution B.point
C.impact D.difference
33.A.offer B.promise
C.risk D.sacrifice
34.A.intellectual B.professional
C.productive D.amateur
35.A.catch on B.come back
C.take off D.pay off
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Albert Einstein was one of 36 greatest scientists in the world. He developed many theories and ideas. These theories contributed greatly 37 people’s understanding of the universe.
Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14, 1879. He did not do well in school, but he was 38 (interest) in mathematics and science. While at college, he studied physics and math. After graduation, he worked in a government office. At the same time, he continued studying physics on 39 (he) own.
In 1905 Einstein caused a stir by 40 (publish) five major research papers. One of these papers contained 41 (complete) new ideas about the “properties” of light. Einstein 42 (receive) the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921, mainly for the work in this paper.
In another paper, Einstein put forward the Special Theory of Relativity, 43 changed how scientists thought about energy and matter.
During World War Ⅱ Einstein advised the United States 44 (build) nuclear weapons (核武器). He felt that these weapons might 45 (need) to defeat the Nazis. However, after World War Ⅱ Einstein tried to prevent any future use of atomic weapons.
Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey, on April 18, 1955.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你是李华,你的英国笔友Chris特别崇拜那些为艺术献身的艺术家,也喜欢了解他们的艺术人生。请你用英文给他写一封信介绍我国著名舞蹈艺术家杨丽萍,内容包括:
1.人物简介;
2.艺术成就;
3.其他了解途径。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Cut, cut, cut!” I shouted. But that didn’t stop Chewy from chasing after the squirrels (追逐松鼠) that had caught his eye halfway through the shot.
“You’re supposed to be running after the thief, not squirrels!” I said.
But Chewy didn’t care. He had already moved on to chewing his leash(皮带). What kind of Hollywood dog wears a leash It was Dad’s rule, though. Because Chewy was only a little dog, I had to keep him on the leash whenever we filmed outside. As long as I followed that rule, I could use Dad’s old cellphone to shoot my movie.
“Let’s try this again,” I said.
This time, Chewy ran the entire length of the backyard. With the leash on, though, he didn’t exactly appear to be in any real hurry to catch anyone. The only way to make this look real would be to take off the leash. But that would mean breaking the promise I made to Dad.
On the other hand, if I moved quickly and was careful with my camera angles, would Dad ever know about it
After taking off the leash, I put Chewy down on his mark, ready to record. But before I could shout “action!”, Chewy ran across the yard and down the driveway and jumped in circles around Mrs. Yang, our next-door neighbor.
“You must smell the doggy biscuits I just bought for you,” she said to him. That’s when Chewy noticed her bag. As if it were one of his toys, he grabbed it with his mouth and pulled. Mrs. Yang’s things dropped on the sidewalk.
I wanted to apologize and help Mrs. Yang pick up her things. But then I remembered something. If Dad found out I had taken Chewy’s leash off, I wouldn’t be able to use his cellphone any more. In a panic, I took Chewy and ran inside the house.
When Dad arrived home that evening, I handed him his cellphone. “Did you finish shooting your movie already ” he asked.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
I shook my head and told him everything that had happened.
Paragraph 2:
“Apology accepted,” said Mrs. Yang.
参考答案与解析
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了奥兰多拥有数个举世闻名的晚宴秀,它的美食种类和整个佛罗里达州的一样丰富,总有适合所有人口味的晚餐表演,这里是家庭娱乐的天堂。
1.C 细节理解题。根据Medieval(中世纪的) Times in Orlando部分中的From the fierce joust (竞技) to the intense hand-to-hand fight, this show will bring the excitement of medieval times to life as you dine on a delicious feast fit for a king!可知,你可以在这个节目中享受激烈的竞技和搏斗带来的乐趣。
2.D 细节理解题。根据Sleuth’s Mystery Dinner部分中的Use the clues provided during your dinner...who figures out “whodunit”!可知,那些善于观察和推理的人可能会对Sleuth’s Mystery Dinner感兴趣。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第一段可知,作为家庭娱乐的天堂,奥兰多拥有数个举世闻名的晚宴秀。下文分别介绍了四个晚宴秀的具体情况。由此可知,本文的主要目的是介绍奥兰多的晚宴秀。故选B。
B
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者目睹了窗外的一场意外(一个外表粗犷的司机刮坏了停车场的栅栏后没有一走了之,而是把它修葺一新)后,作者对如何评判他人和认识自我进行了反思——不能以貌取人,要学习那位司机英雄般的行为。
4.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的He was strong with a shaved head; he wore cargo shorts and a flannel (法兰绒) shirt unbuttoned to expose his chest hair. I disliked him immediately.可知,那位司机很强壮,剃了个光头,穿着工装短裤,衬衫敞着怀,露着胸毛,作者立刻就讨厌他了。由此可见,作者对他印象不好的原因是他怪异的外表和随意的穿着。 故选D。
5.C 主旨大意题。根据最后两段内容,特别是根据倒数第二段第一句This strange man was actually a hero. 及最后一段最后一句It makes me wonder what else that man has improved, and how I can make myself more like him. 可知,那位司机把栅栏修葺一新,表现得像一个英雄,作者也决定向他学习。由此可见,这两段主要讲的是那位司机英雄般的行为对作者影响颇深。故选C。
6.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中对那位司机的外貌描写He was strong with a shaved head; he wore cargo shorts and a flannel (法兰绒) shirt unbuttoned to expose his chest hair.及第四段中对其动作的描写But the man appeared a few minutes later with some tools...he doggedly(固执地 ) fixed the fence and even improved it. 可判断出,他虽然看起来奇怪、穿着随意,但是极负责任地修好并加固了栅栏。A项意为“粗鲁但诚实”;B项意为“懒惰但有主见”;C项意为“不耐烦但慷慨”;D项意为“看起来奇怪但负责任”。故选D。
7.A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述了作者目睹了一个外表粗犷的司机刮坏了停车场的栅栏后没有一走了之,而是把它修葺一新这件事后,作者对如何评判他人和认识自我进行了反思——不能以貌取人,要学习那位司机英雄般的行为。所以短文的最佳标题为“不要以貌取人”。 故选A。B项意为“思想指导行动”;C项意为“己所不欲,勿施于人”;D项意为“环境取决于你心里想什么”。
C
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。屠呦呦并不是中国唯一一个引起世界关注的科学家。2016年,《自然》杂志发布了中国十大科学明星名单,高彩霞和崔维成就是其中的两位。
8.D 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,下文主要讲的是中国科学家高彩霞和崔维成的主要贡献,故D项“介绍更多中国顶尖科学家”为正确答案。
9.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的She is known for using CRISPR-Cas9, the revolutionary gene-editing technique...可知CRISPR-Cas9是一种基因编辑技术。故选A。
10.B 细节理解题。根据第六段第一句Cui Weicheng is the developer of China’s record-setting Jiaolong submersible(潜水器).以及最后一段崔维成的发明对中国的影响可知,B项“他研制了中国的蛟龙号潜水器”为正确答案。
11.A 主旨大意题。本文提到了屠呦呦并详细讲述了中国的高彩霞和崔维成两位科学家及其成就,所以A项“中国的科学明星”为正确答案。 B项“中国的诺贝尔奖梦”是扩大了主题;C项“高彩霞——中国的农作物工程师”和D项“崔维成——中国的深海潜水员”都只是提到了一个科学家,不能概括文章内容,属于以偏概全。
D
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明,狗朝不同的方向摆动尾巴取决于它们的情绪,这一发现有助于人们通过摇尾变化来判断狗的心情。
12.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句While the changes in the tail wagging were not easily noticed without the aid of a video, it was thought that the findings could help people judge the mood(心情) of dogs.可知,没有录像的帮助,人们很难发现狗的摇尾变化,因为在狗摇动尾巴时,摄像机更容易捕捉到狗的反应变化。故选A。
13.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的When the dogs were not shown any stimuli, they tended to wag their tails to the left可知本题正确答案为A。
14.B 推理判断题。根据画线词所在的句子Computer and video systems, for example, could be used by professional dog trainers to determine the mood of dogs that they were required to approach.可知,此处应当是驯狗师被要求接近狗,因此they指的是驯狗师。故选B。
15.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段并结合全文内容可知,做这个实验的目的是通过观察狗摇尾巴的方向,帮助人们判断狗的情绪。故选B。
第二节
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了做事高效的人的几个日常习惯。
16.E 根据后文主要介绍了几个有助于高效的好习惯可知,E项“看看这些天生高效的人所具有的习惯”符合语境,起到了总领下文的作用,故选E。
17.D 根据小标题Focus on being happier.(专注于变得更快乐)以及后文Even if a low mood does not completely disable you...and necessary changes.可知情绪低落会使效率降低,由此可推知,反过来更快乐的人工作效率更高,D项中的happier与标题中的happier相对应,故选D。
18.F 根据上文You know the countless benefits of exercise.(你知道运动有无数好处)以及后文内容可知锻炼有好处,并且举了具体例子,由此推知,本句承接上文说明锻炼的好处,F 项中的 It 指代前句中的 exercise,故选F。
19.A 设空处为本段小标题。根据本段内容可知,本段讲有的工作需要全身心地投入,会很累,如果不间断地工作下去,效率会很低,这时我们身心都需要休息,且后文Take brief mental breaks.与A项中的Take breaks相对应。故选A。
20.C 根据上文People believe the more we can do at once, the better.可知人们认为同时做越多事越好,根据后文可知,同时做很多事,效率和创造力都降低了,由此可知前后为转折关系,说明情况正好相反,人们不应该同时做很多事情。故选C。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了新冠病毒引发的肺炎疫情暴发之时,武汉协和医院的全科医生克莱因出于医生的职责和对这座城市的爱选择留在武汉而没有回国,他也目睹了武汉封城以及武汉市民为控制疫情所做的牺牲和努力,这让他深受感动。
21.B 考查名词词义辨析。share份额;duty职责;thing事情;bit一点。根据空前的“I am a doctor”可知,克莱因说自己是一名医生,因此要尽到医生的职责,在新冠肺炎疫情暴发时留在武汉治病救人,故B项正确。
22.A 考查动词词义辨析。seal封锁;decorate装饰;damage损害;save拯救。根据空后的“suspending all outbound flights and trains in late January”可知,所有航班和火车都停运了,这说明武汉封城了,故A项正确。
23.A 考查动词词义辨析。contain控制;decrease降低;fuel给……提供燃料;cancel取消。根据空后的“the highly infectious disease”可知,武汉封城是为了控制这种具有高度传染性的新冠肺炎,故A项正确。
24.C 考查动词词义辨析。heal治愈;recover恢复;serve为……服务;cure治愈。根据空后的“about 500 foreigners living in Wuhan”可知,在武汉封城之前,克莱因曾为大约500名居住在武汉的外国人看病,故C项正确。
25.B 考查名词词义辨析。studio工作室;clinic门诊;agency中介;firm公司。根据空后的“at the hospital to reduce the chances of infection for his patients”可知,为了减少病人感染新冠病毒的风险,克莱因关闭了他在医院的门诊,故B项正确。
26.D 考查名词词义辨析。finance财政;analysis分析;relief减轻;diagnose诊断。根据空后的“treatment”可知此处指“诊断和治疗”,故D项正确。
27.C 考查动词词义辨析。test检验;influence影响;infect 感染;detect探测。根据空前的“Klein found some had a fever”可知,他发现有些病人发烧了,所以他也有可能会感染新冠病毒,故C项正确。
28.B 考查介词短语辨析。in trouble处于麻烦之中;in danger处于危险之中;in anxiety处于焦虑中;in progress在发展中。根据空前的“When I came back home after seeing patients, I didn’t feel very comfortable.”可知,给病人看完病回家后,克莱因觉得不太舒服,他可能也感染了新冠病毒,为了不让自己的家人身处险境,他让妻儿回法国去,故B项正确。
29.D 考查动词词义辨析。depart出发;leave离开;fly飞;part分别。根据空前的“I asked my wife to leave Wuhan”可知,克莱因让妻子和儿子离开武汉,此处指“分别的时候”,故D项正确。
30.A 考查名词词义辨析。affection喜爱;influence影响;attitude态度;association联合。根据空后的“for the people and the city”可知,克莱因对这座城市和这里的人民有着深深的喜爱,故A项正确。
31.B 考查动词词义辨析。sense感觉到;witness目睹;smile微笑;hear听到。根据第一段中的“Philippe Klein, a French doctor, decided to stay in the epicenter during the COVID-19 outbreak”可知,在新冠肺炎疫情暴发后,克莱因选择了留在武汉,因此他目睹了武汉封城,故B项正确。
32.C 考查名词词义辨析。contribution贡献;point关键;impact影响;difference差异。空后克莱因说武汉市民为控制疫情做出的牺牲让他很感动,因此武汉封城对克莱因的影响很大,故C项正确。
33.D 考查名词词义辨析。offer建议;promise承诺;risk风险;sacrifice牺牲。根据空后的“Wuhan residents had made to contain the outbreak”可知,武汉市民为控制疫情做出的牺牲让克莱因大为感动,故D项正确。
34.B 考查形容词词义辨析。intellectual智力的;professional专业的;productive多产的;amateur业余的。根据第一段中的“Philippe Klein, a French doctor”可知,克莱恩是一名医生,而新冠病毒引发的肺炎疫情在武汉的暴发以及武汉市民为抗击疫情所做出的牺牲和努力是克莱因的职业(从医)生涯中见过的最为疯狂的事情,故B项正确。
35.D 考查动词短语辨析。catch on流行;come back回来;take off起飞;pay off得到回报。根据空前的“And their sacrifice, their courage and their unity, will”可知,克莱因说武汉市民为控制疫情所做出的牺牲以及他们的勇气和团结终将得到回报,故D项正确。
第二节
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,主要介绍了世界上最伟大的科学家之一——爱因斯坦的个人经历以及他的成就和贡献。
36.the 考查冠词。句意:阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。空后的greatest为形容词最高级,前面要用定冠词the。
37.to 考查固定短语。句意:这些理论非常有助于人们了解宇宙。contribute to有助于。
38.interested 考查词性转换。句意:他在学校表现不好,但他对数学和科学感兴趣。分析句子可知,was后接形容词作表语。be interested in对……感兴趣。
39.his 考查代词。句意:同时,他继续自学物理。study on one’s own自学,此处指爱因斯坦,应用形容词性物主代词his。
40.publishing 考查非谓语动词。句意:1905年,爱因斯坦发表了五篇重要的研究论文,引起了轰动。分析句子结构可知,publish在句中应用非谓语动词形式,作介词by的宾语,应用动名词形式。
41.completely 考查词性转换。句意:其中一篇论文包含了关于光的“性质”的全新观点。修饰形容词new应用副词completely。
42.received 考查动词时态。句意:1921年,爱因斯坦获得了诺贝尔物理学奖……。设空处作谓语,根据后文“in 1921”可知应用一般过去时。
43.which 考查定语从句。句意:在另一篇论文中,爱因斯坦提出了“狭义相对论”,它改变了科学家们对能量和物质的看法。此处为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the Special Theory of Relativity,且关系词在从句中作主语,指物,故应用关系代词which。
44.to build 考查非谓语动词。句意:第二次世界大战期间,爱因斯坦建议美国制造核武器。advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事。
45.be needed 考查被动语态。句意:他认为可能需要这些武器来打败纳粹。设空处在宾语从句中作谓语,与主语weapons构成被动关系,might后跟动词原形。故填be needed。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Chris,
Knowing that you admire those artists who devote their lives to the arts and that you’re interested in their stories, I’m writing to recommend Yang Liping, a famous Chinese artist.
Actually, Yang showed special talent for dancing from an early age, and her inspiration mainly came from the dance style of the Dai nationality. She is known for her peacock dance so she is called the “Peacock Princess”.
I’ll send you some videos about Yang Liping, from which you will learn more about her.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
I shook my head and told him everything that had happened. “Thanks for telling me,” said Dad when I finished the story. Then I added, “I also need to talk to Mrs. Yang.” Dad stood on the sidewalk holding Chewy while I walked up to Mrs. Yang’s front door. My hands shook as I knocked. To my surprise, Mrs. Yang answered with a smile. I apologized to her for running away and not helping pick up her things. “I was frightened,” I said, “and I was so focused on trying to finish my movie that I made some bad decisions. I’m so sorry.”
Paragraph 2:
“Apology accepted,” said Mrs. Yang. “Did you say you’re making a movie About Chewy ” she asked. I nodded. “Well, I’d love to see it when it’s finished,” said Mrs. Yang. Then she told me that her son owned a coffee shop nearby, where he had a screen and projector. She would ask him if we could have a viewing party there. “That would be incredible,” I said. “Maybe Chewy could come and see himself on the big screen,” Mrs. Yang said with a smile.
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
As a heaven for family entertainment, Orlando is home to several nationally recognized dinner shows. With a variety as wide as the whole Florida, there is always a dinner show suited for all tastes.
Arabian Nights in Orlando
With over 60 horses, impressive costumes and sets, and all of the excitement of a royal wedding, Arabian Nights is a favorite for families! In fact, children are invited down after the show to pet the horses, take pictures, and meet the cast of Arabian Nights! Of course, everyone will enjoy the royal wedding feast during the performance, so be sure to arrive hungry.
Medieval (中世纪的) Times in Orlando
Cheer loudly for your brave knight (骑士) during the Medieval Times show, and he just might win the victory in your honor. In this thrilling competition, six brave knights fight against one another in a variety of medieval competitions. From the fierce joust (竞技) to the intense hand-to-hand fight, this show will bring the excitement of medieval times to life as you dine on a delicious feast fit for a king!
Pirate’s Dinner Adventure in Orlando
Prepare yourself for Pirate’s Dinner Adventure as you are transported into a battle with the evil Captain Sebastian the Black. The show features fantastic special effects, song & dance, and so on. Of course, you’ll also enjoy a delicious meal before battling against Captain Sebastian and his evil crews.
Sleuth’s Mystery Dinner
Use the clues provided during your dinner and evening entertainment as you work to figure out who has committed the crime! Put your sense of observation to good use, and you just might be the sleuth who figures out “whodunit”! If not, you’ll still enjoy a great meal and entertainment to remember for years to come.
1.What can you do at Medieval Times in Orlando
A.Meet the cast of the show.
B.Battle with Captain Sebastian.
C.Enjoy the excitement of joust and the fight.
D.Appreciate national dinner shows in Florida.
2.Who might be interested in Sleuth’s Mystery Dinner
A.Those fond of providing clues.
B.Those eager to commit crimes.
C.Those interested in taking pictures.
D.Those good at observing and reasoning.
3.What is the main purpose of the text
A.To advertise a dinner show.
B.To introduce dinner shows in Orlando.
C.To attract more adventurers to Florida.
D.To introduce an entertainment TV program.
B
One day, I was taking a nap in the red chair in my office when I woke up to the sound of a car crash. I sat up and looked, immediately, out of my window. Across the street, in a parking lot, a car had just backed into a chain-link fence. The car must have been moving fast, because it was in bad shape: Its hood had popped up. The fence was damaged, bent into the shape of the car’s back end.
I watched the driver get out of the car. He was strong with a shaved head; he wore cargo shorts and a flannel (法兰绒) shirt unbuttoned to expose his chest hair. I disliked him immediately. After a few seconds of assessing the damage, he attempted to pull the ruined fence back into place, but it wouldn’t move. He tried to push the fallen piece of the bumper back onto his car, but that only made the rest of his bumper fall off too.
I sat in my red chair, looking out of my window, silently cheering. I think I laughed out loud. This was a ridiculous masterpiece. He climbed out from under the collapsed fence and limped back to the apartment building above the lot, rubbing his elbow. The man—that disgusting man—was going to leave all the chaos behind for someone else to clean up.
But the man appeared a few minutes later with some tools. He got to work immediately, removing one of the fence’s bent support bars and hammering it straight on the asphalt (沥青). For the next hour, he doggedly(固执地) fixed the fence and even improved it. Now the fence would be extra secure, stronger than before, impossible to damage.
This strange man was actually a hero. I was the lazy one, with my knee-jerk judgments. My ugly assumptions, I realized, were all about myself. I would never have fixed that fence; I would have panicked and run away.
Years later, I still look out of my window at that fence almost every day. It still looks brand new. It makes me wonder what else that man has improved, and how I can make myself more like him.
4.Why did the driver leave a bad first impression on the writer
A.Because he badly damaged the fence.
B.Because he acted rudely and impolitely.
C.Because he escaped and left the mess to others.
D.Because he had a strange appearance and dressed casually.
5.The last two paragraphs tell us that .
A.if the writer were the driver, he thought he would do better
B.the writer gave a quick judgment from his previous experiences
C.the driver acted like a hero and had a great influence on the writer
D.the writer looks out of his window often and expects to see the driver again
6.Which of the following words can best describe the driver
A.Rude but honest.
B.Lazy but strong-minded.
C.Impatient but generous.
D.Strange-looking but responsible.
7.What can be the best title of the text
A.Don’t Judge a Book by Its Cover
B.One’s Thinking Directs One’s Action
C.Treat Other People as You Hope They Will Treat You
D.The Environment Depends on What You Think in Your Mind
C
For decades, China had wanted a Nobel Prize. Tu Youyou, a researcher who helped to develop a malaria(疟疾)medicine, finally won the country that honor.
In fact, Tu is not the only scientist in China who is catching the world’s attention. In 2016, the journal Nature published a list of the top 10 science stars in China. Gao Caixia and Cui Weicheng are two of them.
Gao Caixia has been devoted to genetic engineering for her whole career. She is known for using CRISPR-Cas9, the revolutionary gene-editing technique that is sweeping through biology labs around the world—in crops.
At first, Gao was unwilling to take up gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9 because her lab at the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing had already created mutations(变异)in 82 genes using an older type of technology. But after thinking carefully about it, she decided to give it a try.
After a year of hard work, her lab finally succeeded. Gao worked on genetic engineering in wheat, a crop that is famous for being difficult to work with. Now she is considered one of the best scientists in the world at engineering wheat.
Cui Weicheng is the developer of China’s record-setting Jiaolong submersible(潜水器). He is now a professor at Westlake University. In 2012, Cui rode inside China’s Jiaolong submersible and reached a depth of more than 7,000 meters in the Pacific.
Thanks to Jiaolong and the 57-year-old developer, China is now one of only a few nations that can explore the deep sea. Jiaolong can travel deeper than any other manned research submersible currently in use, which shows China’s increasing ambition and leadership in deep-sea research.
8.Why is Tu Youyou mentioned at the beginning of the passage
A.To show one of China’s long-held dreams.
B.To stress the importance of the Nobel Prize.
C.To praise Tu Youyou for her contributions.
D.To introduce more top Chinese scientists.
9.What is CRISPR-Cas9
A.A kind of gene-editing technique.
B.A lab where scientists work.
C.A kind of crop that is widely planted in the world.
D.A research team that works on genetic engineering.
10.What is Cui Weicheng’s biggest contribution to China
A.He teaches about the sea at a university.
B.He developed China’s Jiaolong submersible.
C.He is devoted to genetic engineering.
D.He reached the bottom of the ocean.
11.What is the best title for the passage
A.China’s Science Stars
B.China’s Nobel Prize Dream
C.Gao Caixia—China’s Crop Engineer
D.Cui Weicheng—China’s Deep-sea Diver
D
Dogs wag(摇摆) their tails in different directions depending on whether they are excited and wanting to move forward or threatened and thinking of moving back, a study has found.
Researchers in Italy examined the tail wagging behavior of 30 dogs, catching their responses to a range of stimuli(刺激物) with video cameras. To conduct the study they chose 15 male dogs and 15 female ones aged between one and six. The dogs were all family pets whose owners had allowed them to take part in the experiment at Bari University. The dogs were placed in a large wooden box with an opening at the front to allow them to view various stimuli. They were tested one at a time.
The researchers led by Professor Giorgio Vallortigara of the University of Trieste found that when the dogs were shown their owners—a positive experience—their tails wagged energetically to the right side. When they were shown an unfamiliar human they wagged to the right, but with somewhat less enthusiasm. The appearance of a cat again caused a right-hand side wag, although with less excitement again. The appearance of a large unfamiliar dog, similar to a German shepherd dog, changed the direction of tail wagging to the left. Researchers supposed the dog was thinking of moving back. When the dogs were not shown any stimuli, they tended to wag their tails to the left, suggesting they preferred company. While the changes in the tail wagging were not easily noticed without the aid of a video, it was thought that the findings could help people judge the mood (心情) of puter and video systems, for example, could be used by professional dog trainers to determine the mood of dogs that they were required to approach.
12.Why were the video cameras used to catch the dogs’ responses
A.It was easier to catch the dogs’ response changes in the tail wagging.
B.The dogs were put in the wooden boxes and tested one at a time.
C.They enabled the dogs’ owners to know about their dogs’ habit.
D.The dogs wagged their tails in different directions when they were in different moods.
13.When there were no stimuli, the dogs would .
A.wag their tails to the left
B.wag their tails to the right
C.not wag tails at all
D.wag tails to the left and then to the right
14.What does the underlined word “they” refer to in the last paragraph
A.The dogs. B.The trainers.
C.The systems. D.The researchers.
15.What’s the purpose of doing the experiment
A.To train dogs for their owners.
B.To help people judge the mood of dogs.
C.To help dogs find company.
D.To help people choose their pet dogs.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Daily Habits of Naturally Productive People
When it comes to being more efficient at your job, you know the basics. But research shows a whole new side of productivity you may not have realized. 16
Focus on being happier.
17 Even if a low mood does not completely disable you from functioning, it can decrease your productivity to make you far less efficient. Also, don’t hesitate to seek help. Not only will this help you achieve a more stable work-life balance, but a new outlook can also open you up to new opportunities and necessary changes.
Prioritize fitness.
You know the countless benefits of exercise. 18 Even 30-minute moderate-to-high physical activity just three to four times a day can go a long way in helping you accomplish your personal and professional goals. If you’re really not a fan of the gym, join a group class to keep yourself motivated.
19
Pressing pause is important. Studies show that prolonged tasks that require high levels of focus, energy, and attention can cause you to become less productive and focused over time. Take brief mental breaks. When we take “health breaks” we are much more focused and engaged in our next work; in contrast,when we try to work continually on a project without breaks our quality of work tends to deteriorate.
Don’t try to do everything at once.
People believe the more we can do at once, the better. 20 In fact, the more we multitask, the less efficient and productive we become. Instead, to increase productivity, focus on one task at a time until it’s completed and then give all of your attention to the next task.
A.Take breaks at times.
B.Make productivity first.
C.However, research shows the opposite.
D.Studies find happier people are more productive.
E.Have a look at these habits of naturally productive people.
F.It improves your mood and increases your brain’s productivity.
G.Research shows that daylight improves your levels of activity.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After persuading most of his patients, his wife and son to go back to France following the lockdown of Wuhan, Philippe Klein, a French doctor, decided to stay in the epicenter during the COVID-19 outbreak.
“I am a doctor, so I have to do my job and do my 21 ,” said Klein.
Before authorities in Wuhan 22 the city, suspending all outbound flights and trains in late January to 23 the highly infectious disease, Klein had 24 about 500 foreigners living in Wuhan, most of them French.
Following the outbreak, he closed his 25 at the hospital to reduce the chances of infection for his patients. Instead, he began to give 26 and treatment at patients’ homes.
But while he continued to see his patients, Klein found some had a fever and he might be 27 with the virus, so he decided to send his wife and son back to France.
“When I came back home after seeing patients, I didn’t feel very comfortable. I really did not want to put my family 28 , so I asked my wife to leave Wuhan,” he said. “My son was crying when we 29 , but it was better for them to leave Wuhan and let me do my job. Also they were very proud because I was doing my duty here.”
In addition to his sense of duty as a doctor, he said he also chose to stay because of his deep 30 for the people and the city.
“People in Wuhan are very friendly to French, and here I feel like a star sometimes,” he said. 31 the lockdown of a vast city with 11 million people, which is rare in human history, has made a big 32 on Klein. He said he was touched by the 33 Wuhan residents had made to contain the outbreak.
“The last month was the craziest month in my 34 life,” he said. “And I would like to say to the people of Wuhan and to Chinese people that they are going to overcome this epidemic. And their sacrifice, their courage and their unity, will 35 . It will be an example to the world to make such a sacrifice to protect the rest of the world.”
21.A.share B.duty
C.thing D.bit
22.A.sealed B.decorated
C.damaged D.saved
23.A.contain B.decrease
C.fuel D.cancel
24.A.healed B.recovered
C.served D.cured
25.A.studio B.clinic
C.agency D.firm
26.A.finance B.analyses
C.relief D.diagnoses
27.A.tested B.influenced
C.infected D.detected
28.A.in trouble B.in danger
C.in anxiety D.in progress
29.A.departed B.left
C.flew D.parted
30.A.affection B.influence
C.attitude D.association
31.A.Sensing B.Witnessing
C.Smiling D.Hearing
32.A.contribution B.point
C.impact D.difference
33.A.offer B.promise
C.risk D.sacrifice
34.A.intellectual B.professional
C.productive D.amateur
35.A.catch on B.come back
C.take off D.pay off
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Albert Einstein was one of 36 greatest scientists in the world. He developed many theories and ideas. These theories contributed greatly 37 people’s understanding of the universe.
Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14, 1879. He did not do well in school, but he was 38 (interest) in mathematics and science. While at college, he studied physics and math. After graduation, he worked in a government office. At the same time, he continued studying physics on 39 (he) own.
In 1905 Einstein caused a stir by 40 (publish) five major research papers. One of these papers contained 41 (complete) new ideas about the “properties” of light. Einstein 42 (receive) the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921, mainly for the work in this paper.
In another paper, Einstein put forward the Special Theory of Relativity, 43 changed how scientists thought about energy and matter.
During World War Ⅱ Einstein advised the United States 44 (build) nuclear weapons (核武器). He felt that these weapons might 45 (need) to defeat the Nazis. However, after World War Ⅱ Einstein tried to prevent any future use of atomic weapons.
Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey, on April 18, 1955.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你是李华,你的英国笔友Chris特别崇拜那些为艺术献身的艺术家,也喜欢了解他们的艺术人生。请你用英文给他写一封信介绍我国著名舞蹈艺术家杨丽萍,内容包括:
1.人物简介;
2.艺术成就;
3.其他了解途径。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Cut, cut, cut!” I shouted. But that didn’t stop Chewy from chasing after the squirrels (追逐松鼠) that had caught his eye halfway through the shot.
“You’re supposed to be running after the thief, not squirrels!” I said.
But Chewy didn’t care. He had already moved on to chewing his leash(皮带). What kind of Hollywood dog wears a leash It was Dad’s rule, though. Because Chewy was only a little dog, I had to keep him on the leash whenever we filmed outside. As long as I followed that rule, I could use Dad’s old cellphone to shoot my movie.
“Let’s try this again,” I said.
This time, Chewy ran the entire length of the backyard. With the leash on, though, he didn’t exactly appear to be in any real hurry to catch anyone. The only way to make this look real would be to take off the leash. But that would mean breaking the promise I made to Dad.
On the other hand, if I moved quickly and was careful with my camera angles, would Dad ever know about it
After taking off the leash, I put Chewy down on his mark, ready to record. But before I could shout “action!”, Chewy ran across the yard and down the driveway and jumped in circles around Mrs. Yang, our next-door neighbor.
“You must smell the doggy biscuits I just bought for you,” she said to him. That’s when Chewy noticed her bag. As if it were one of his toys, he grabbed it with his mouth and pulled. Mrs. Yang’s things dropped on the sidewalk.
I wanted to apologize and help Mrs. Yang pick up her things. But then I remembered something. If Dad found out I had taken Chewy’s leash off, I wouldn’t be able to use his cellphone any more. In a panic, I took Chewy and ran inside the house.
When Dad arrived home that evening, I handed him his cellphone. “Did you finish shooting your movie already ” he asked.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
I shook my head and told him everything that had happened.
Paragraph 2:
“Apology accepted,” said Mrs. Yang.
参考答案与解析
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了奥兰多拥有数个举世闻名的晚宴秀,它的美食种类和整个佛罗里达州的一样丰富,总有适合所有人口味的晚餐表演,这里是家庭娱乐的天堂。
1.C 细节理解题。根据Medieval(中世纪的) Times in Orlando部分中的From the fierce joust (竞技) to the intense hand-to-hand fight, this show will bring the excitement of medieval times to life as you dine on a delicious feast fit for a king!可知,你可以在这个节目中享受激烈的竞技和搏斗带来的乐趣。
2.D 细节理解题。根据Sleuth’s Mystery Dinner部分中的Use the clues provided during your dinner...who figures out “whodunit”!可知,那些善于观察和推理的人可能会对Sleuth’s Mystery Dinner感兴趣。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第一段可知,作为家庭娱乐的天堂,奥兰多拥有数个举世闻名的晚宴秀。下文分别介绍了四个晚宴秀的具体情况。由此可知,本文的主要目的是介绍奥兰多的晚宴秀。故选B。
B
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者目睹了窗外的一场意外(一个外表粗犷的司机刮坏了停车场的栅栏后没有一走了之,而是把它修葺一新)后,作者对如何评判他人和认识自我进行了反思——不能以貌取人,要学习那位司机英雄般的行为。
4.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的He was strong with a shaved head; he wore cargo shorts and a flannel (法兰绒) shirt unbuttoned to expose his chest hair. I disliked him immediately.可知,那位司机很强壮,剃了个光头,穿着工装短裤,衬衫敞着怀,露着胸毛,作者立刻就讨厌他了。由此可见,作者对他印象不好的原因是他怪异的外表和随意的穿着。 故选D。
5.C 主旨大意题。根据最后两段内容,特别是根据倒数第二段第一句This strange man was actually a hero. 及最后一段最后一句It makes me wonder what else that man has improved, and how I can make myself more like him. 可知,那位司机把栅栏修葺一新,表现得像一个英雄,作者也决定向他学习。由此可见,这两段主要讲的是那位司机英雄般的行为对作者影响颇深。故选C。
6.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中对那位司机的外貌描写He was strong with a shaved head; he wore cargo shorts and a flannel (法兰绒) shirt unbuttoned to expose his chest hair.及第四段中对其动作的描写But the man appeared a few minutes later with some tools...he doggedly(固执地 ) fixed the fence and even improved it. 可判断出,他虽然看起来奇怪、穿着随意,但是极负责任地修好并加固了栅栏。A项意为“粗鲁但诚实”;B项意为“懒惰但有主见”;C项意为“不耐烦但慷慨”;D项意为“看起来奇怪但负责任”。故选D。
7.A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述了作者目睹了一个外表粗犷的司机刮坏了停车场的栅栏后没有一走了之,而是把它修葺一新这件事后,作者对如何评判他人和认识自我进行了反思——不能以貌取人,要学习那位司机英雄般的行为。所以短文的最佳标题为“不要以貌取人”。 故选A。B项意为“思想指导行动”;C项意为“己所不欲,勿施于人”;D项意为“环境取决于你心里想什么”。
C
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。屠呦呦并不是中国唯一一个引起世界关注的科学家。2016年,《自然》杂志发布了中国十大科学明星名单,高彩霞和崔维成就是其中的两位。
8.D 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,下文主要讲的是中国科学家高彩霞和崔维成的主要贡献,故D项“介绍更多中国顶尖科学家”为正确答案。
9.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的She is known for using CRISPR-Cas9, the revolutionary gene-editing technique...可知CRISPR-Cas9是一种基因编辑技术。故选A。
10.B 细节理解题。根据第六段第一句Cui Weicheng is the developer of China’s record-setting Jiaolong submersible(潜水器).以及最后一段崔维成的发明对中国的影响可知,B项“他研制了中国的蛟龙号潜水器”为正确答案。
11.A 主旨大意题。本文提到了屠呦呦并详细讲述了中国的高彩霞和崔维成两位科学家及其成就,所以A项“中国的科学明星”为正确答案。 B项“中国的诺贝尔奖梦”是扩大了主题;C项“高彩霞——中国的农作物工程师”和D项“崔维成——中国的深海潜水员”都只是提到了一个科学家,不能概括文章内容,属于以偏概全。
D
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明,狗朝不同的方向摆动尾巴取决于它们的情绪,这一发现有助于人们通过摇尾变化来判断狗的心情。
12.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句While the changes in the tail wagging were not easily noticed without the aid of a video, it was thought that the findings could help people judge the mood(心情) of dogs.可知,没有录像的帮助,人们很难发现狗的摇尾变化,因为在狗摇动尾巴时,摄像机更容易捕捉到狗的反应变化。故选A。
13.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的When the dogs were not shown any stimuli, they tended to wag their tails to the left可知本题正确答案为A。
14.B 推理判断题。根据画线词所在的句子Computer and video systems, for example, could be used by professional dog trainers to determine the mood of dogs that they were required to approach.可知,此处应当是驯狗师被要求接近狗,因此they指的是驯狗师。故选B。
15.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段并结合全文内容可知,做这个实验的目的是通过观察狗摇尾巴的方向,帮助人们判断狗的情绪。故选B。
第二节
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了做事高效的人的几个日常习惯。
16.E 根据后文主要介绍了几个有助于高效的好习惯可知,E项“看看这些天生高效的人所具有的习惯”符合语境,起到了总领下文的作用,故选E。
17.D 根据小标题Focus on being happier.(专注于变得更快乐)以及后文Even if a low mood does not completely disable you...and necessary changes.可知情绪低落会使效率降低,由此可推知,反过来更快乐的人工作效率更高,D项中的happier与标题中的happier相对应,故选D。
18.F 根据上文You know the countless benefits of exercise.(你知道运动有无数好处)以及后文内容可知锻炼有好处,并且举了具体例子,由此推知,本句承接上文说明锻炼的好处,F 项中的 It 指代前句中的 exercise,故选F。
19.A 设空处为本段小标题。根据本段内容可知,本段讲有的工作需要全身心地投入,会很累,如果不间断地工作下去,效率会很低,这时我们身心都需要休息,且后文Take brief mental breaks.与A项中的Take breaks相对应。故选A。
20.C 根据上文People believe the more we can do at once, the better.可知人们认为同时做越多事越好,根据后文可知,同时做很多事,效率和创造力都降低了,由此可知前后为转折关系,说明情况正好相反,人们不应该同时做很多事情。故选C。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了新冠病毒引发的肺炎疫情暴发之时,武汉协和医院的全科医生克莱因出于医生的职责和对这座城市的爱选择留在武汉而没有回国,他也目睹了武汉封城以及武汉市民为控制疫情所做的牺牲和努力,这让他深受感动。
21.B 考查名词词义辨析。share份额;duty职责;thing事情;bit一点。根据空前的“I am a doctor”可知,克莱因说自己是一名医生,因此要尽到医生的职责,在新冠肺炎疫情暴发时留在武汉治病救人,故B项正确。
22.A 考查动词词义辨析。seal封锁;decorate装饰;damage损害;save拯救。根据空后的“suspending all outbound flights and trains in late January”可知,所有航班和火车都停运了,这说明武汉封城了,故A项正确。
23.A 考查动词词义辨析。contain控制;decrease降低;fuel给……提供燃料;cancel取消。根据空后的“the highly infectious disease”可知,武汉封城是为了控制这种具有高度传染性的新冠肺炎,故A项正确。
24.C 考查动词词义辨析。heal治愈;recover恢复;serve为……服务;cure治愈。根据空后的“about 500 foreigners living in Wuhan”可知,在武汉封城之前,克莱因曾为大约500名居住在武汉的外国人看病,故C项正确。
25.B 考查名词词义辨析。studio工作室;clinic门诊;agency中介;firm公司。根据空后的“at the hospital to reduce the chances of infection for his patients”可知,为了减少病人感染新冠病毒的风险,克莱因关闭了他在医院的门诊,故B项正确。
26.D 考查名词词义辨析。finance财政;analysis分析;relief减轻;diagnose诊断。根据空后的“treatment”可知此处指“诊断和治疗”,故D项正确。
27.C 考查动词词义辨析。test检验;influence影响;infect 感染;detect探测。根据空前的“Klein found some had a fever”可知,他发现有些病人发烧了,所以他也有可能会感染新冠病毒,故C项正确。
28.B 考查介词短语辨析。in trouble处于麻烦之中;in danger处于危险之中;in anxiety处于焦虑中;in progress在发展中。根据空前的“When I came back home after seeing patients, I didn’t feel very comfortable.”可知,给病人看完病回家后,克莱因觉得不太舒服,他可能也感染了新冠病毒,为了不让自己的家人身处险境,他让妻儿回法国去,故B项正确。
29.D 考查动词词义辨析。depart出发;leave离开;fly飞;part分别。根据空前的“I asked my wife to leave Wuhan”可知,克莱因让妻子和儿子离开武汉,此处指“分别的时候”,故D项正确。
30.A 考查名词词义辨析。affection喜爱;influence影响;attitude态度;association联合。根据空后的“for the people and the city”可知,克莱因对这座城市和这里的人民有着深深的喜爱,故A项正确。
31.B 考查动词词义辨析。sense感觉到;witness目睹;smile微笑;hear听到。根据第一段中的“Philippe Klein, a French doctor, decided to stay in the epicenter during the COVID-19 outbreak”可知,在新冠肺炎疫情暴发后,克莱因选择了留在武汉,因此他目睹了武汉封城,故B项正确。
32.C 考查名词词义辨析。contribution贡献;point关键;impact影响;difference差异。空后克莱因说武汉市民为控制疫情做出的牺牲让他很感动,因此武汉封城对克莱因的影响很大,故C项正确。
33.D 考查名词词义辨析。offer建议;promise承诺;risk风险;sacrifice牺牲。根据空后的“Wuhan residents had made to contain the outbreak”可知,武汉市民为控制疫情做出的牺牲让克莱因大为感动,故D项正确。
34.B 考查形容词词义辨析。intellectual智力的;professional专业的;productive多产的;amateur业余的。根据第一段中的“Philippe Klein, a French doctor”可知,克莱恩是一名医生,而新冠病毒引发的肺炎疫情在武汉的暴发以及武汉市民为抗击疫情所做出的牺牲和努力是克莱因的职业(从医)生涯中见过的最为疯狂的事情,故B项正确。
35.D 考查动词短语辨析。catch on流行;come back回来;take off起飞;pay off得到回报。根据空前的“And their sacrifice, their courage and their unity, will”可知,克莱因说武汉市民为控制疫情所做出的牺牲以及他们的勇气和团结终将得到回报,故D项正确。
第二节
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,主要介绍了世界上最伟大的科学家之一——爱因斯坦的个人经历以及他的成就和贡献。
36.the 考查冠词。句意:阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。空后的greatest为形容词最高级,前面要用定冠词the。
37.to 考查固定短语。句意:这些理论非常有助于人们了解宇宙。contribute to有助于。
38.interested 考查词性转换。句意:他在学校表现不好,但他对数学和科学感兴趣。分析句子可知,was后接形容词作表语。be interested in对……感兴趣。
39.his 考查代词。句意:同时,他继续自学物理。study on one’s own自学,此处指爱因斯坦,应用形容词性物主代词his。
40.publishing 考查非谓语动词。句意:1905年,爱因斯坦发表了五篇重要的研究论文,引起了轰动。分析句子结构可知,publish在句中应用非谓语动词形式,作介词by的宾语,应用动名词形式。
41.completely 考查词性转换。句意:其中一篇论文包含了关于光的“性质”的全新观点。修饰形容词new应用副词completely。
42.received 考查动词时态。句意:1921年,爱因斯坦获得了诺贝尔物理学奖……。设空处作谓语,根据后文“in 1921”可知应用一般过去时。
43.which 考查定语从句。句意:在另一篇论文中,爱因斯坦提出了“狭义相对论”,它改变了科学家们对能量和物质的看法。此处为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the Special Theory of Relativity,且关系词在从句中作主语,指物,故应用关系代词which。
44.to build 考查非谓语动词。句意:第二次世界大战期间,爱因斯坦建议美国制造核武器。advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事。
45.be needed 考查被动语态。句意:他认为可能需要这些武器来打败纳粹。设空处在宾语从句中作谓语,与主语weapons构成被动关系,might后跟动词原形。故填be needed。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Chris,
Knowing that you admire those artists who devote their lives to the arts and that you’re interested in their stories, I’m writing to recommend Yang Liping, a famous Chinese artist.
Actually, Yang showed special talent for dancing from an early age, and her inspiration mainly came from the dance style of the Dai nationality. She is known for her peacock dance so she is called the “Peacock Princess”.
I’ll send you some videos about Yang Liping, from which you will learn more about her.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
I shook my head and told him everything that had happened. “Thanks for telling me,” said Dad when I finished the story. Then I added, “I also need to talk to Mrs. Yang.” Dad stood on the sidewalk holding Chewy while I walked up to Mrs. Yang’s front door. My hands shook as I knocked. To my surprise, Mrs. Yang answered with a smile. I apologized to her for running away and not helping pick up her things. “I was frightened,” I said, “and I was so focused on trying to finish my movie that I made some bad decisions. I’m so sorry.”
Paragraph 2:
“Apology accepted,” said Mrs. Yang. “Did you say you’re making a movie About Chewy ” she asked. I nodded. “Well, I’d love to see it when it’s finished,” said Mrs. Yang. Then she told me that her son owned a coffee shop nearby, where he had a screen and projector. She would ask him if we could have a viewing party there. “That would be incredible,” I said. “Maybe Chewy could come and see himself on the big screen,” Mrs. Yang said with a smile.