2022届高考英语二轮复习： 非谓语动词讲义（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语二轮复习： 非谓语动词讲义（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2021-12-08 14:09:15 | ||
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专题03 非谓语动词讲义定义
在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词
形式
非谓语动词分为三种形式：不定式、动名词和分词（分词包括现在分词和过去分词）
不同形式的不同用法
to do的用法
to do作目的状语，位于句首或者句末。
To get what he wants, he must pay more attention to the program.
to do 作后置定语，位于名词或代词之后
There is something important to do.
be done后面动词用to do
She was made to give a speech in the school.
be/get adj +to do (busy, worth,useless除外)
The problem is difficult to understand.
Only to do 表结果 just to do 仅仅为了
She was hurried to the cinema, only to find that the tickets had been sold out.
The man took part in the match only to get the bonus.
只用to do地点固定搭配
happen 碰巧，manage 致力于offer 主动提出，promise 答应，agree 同意，refuse拒绝，decide 决定，determine 决定、决心，pretend 假装，fail 未能够，learn学会，wish希望，hope希望，expect期望，afford 负担得起attempt 试图，plan计划，tell告诉
force强迫 intend 想要 enable 使能够 encourage鼓励
have no choice but to do 不得不做某事
doing动名词的用法
动名词的形式 doing（动名词的主动）
being done（动名词的被动）
动名词作主语,谓语动词用单数
Being caught in the exam is a shame for me.
Doing morning exercise is beneficial.
动名词作宾语,一般位于及物动词或者介词之后
只能接动名词作宾语的常见动词以及短语：admit，advise建议，risk冒险，
appreciate欣赏，感激，envy嫉妒，avoid避免，consider考虑，delay延迟，deny否认，dislike不喜欢，enjoy，escape逃避，excuse原谅、宽恕，finish完成，forgive原谅，understand理解，give up放弃，imagine想象，keep保持，mind介意、在乎，
miss未达到，practise训练，put off推迟，resist抵抗，suggest建议、暗示stick to坚持，be used to习惯于，object to反对，be busy忙于···，feel like想要··· can’t help 禁不住，can’t stand无法忍受，devote to(to为介词)致力于···look forward to 期望、盼望
be worth值得，be busy忙于 lead to导致contribute to有助于
动名词作宾补
see/ hear/watch/observe/notice sb doing sth 看见/听见/注视/观察/注意到某人正在做某事
I saw a thief being caught in the street just now.
既可以接-ing又可以接-to do，但意思不同
forget to do sth 忘记去做某事(未做)
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事(已做)
regret to do sth 对即将做的事表示遗憾(未做)
regret doing sth 对做过的事表示后悔(已做)
try to do sth 尽力去做某事
try doing sth 试着做某事
go on to do sth. 做完一件事，继续做另一件事
go on doing sth 继续做原来做的那件事
remember to do sth 记着去做某事(未做)
remember doing sth 记着做了某事(已做)
mean to do sth 打算做某事
mean doing sth 意味着做某事
doing现在分词和done过去分词的用法
在句中作状语
doing 发生为谓语动词之前或者与谓语同 时进行
done
having done
having been done 发生为谓语动词之后
. ① Nervously facing (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.
②When seen from the mountain, our city seems tiny.
③Completed in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.
在句中作定语
①Last night, there were millions of people watching the opening ceremony live on TV.
②The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras returned to our shop for quality problems.
③There are always some people playing with their phones all day.
with的复合结构
doing (表示名词/代词与动词为主动)
with +名词/代词 done (表示名词/代词与动词为被动)
to do (表示名词/代词与动词为未做)
①The couple like walking with their dog following them.
②With the problem solved, he felt released.
③With the problem to solve, he felt stressed.
独立主格
独立主格结构是由一个名词或人称代词（主格）作为逻辑主语，加上一个分词、形容词、副词、不定式或介词短语等构成的复合结构，其作用相当于状语从句，用来表时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况。形式如下：
①名词(代词)＋现在分词(与前面构成主动关系)；
②名词(代词)＋过去分词(与前面构成被动关系)；
③名词(代词)＋不定式(表将来)；
④名词(代词)＋副词；
⑤名词(代词)＋形容词；
⑥名词(代词)＋介词短语；
⑦名词(代词)＋名词
Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.
Everything done( =After everything was done) , they went home.
课堂练习
（一）非谓语动词形式填空
But unlike her school friends,16 year old Sarah is not spending half term 41. ________ (rest)．
Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring ________ (cook) a meal.
Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time ________ (spend) with his students.
People probably cooked their food in large pots, ________ (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it.
I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ________ (catch)．
The first Black Friday actually had nothing __2__(do) with Thanksgiving or shopping.
单项选择
The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _________ from butterflies to elephants.
A．ranging B．range
C．to range D．ranged
2. Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
A．combined with B．combining with C．having combined with D．to be combined with
3. China’s image is improving steadily, with more countries ________ its role in international affairs.
A．recognizing B．being recognized C．to be recognized D．recognized
语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When people hear the word“rat”they may think of dirty animals that spread disease．You may also connect the word“rat”with bad expressions．Indeed，rats generally are not beloved animals either in life 56 in the English language．But the rat trainers at the nonprofit organization，APOPO，see the animals very 57 (different)．They consider the rats lifesavers． 58 (base)in Tanzania，APOPO trains giant rats to find landmines(地雷)．And the rats with their extraordinary sense of smell are very suitable 59 the job．APOPO calls their animal team HeroRats．
Worldwide there are 110 million hidden explosives left over from war. These explosives are still“live，”or able to explode．Such landmines kill or wound 5000 people 60 year．Humans 61 (use)metal-searching devices to do this work for years．But trained rats do it better and also cost less money．When the rats 62 (work)in the field find a landmine，they scratch on the ground．That’s how we know．We place a little marker there，and then we can safely remove those and get rid of 63 (they)．
The giant pouched rat is large compared to other 64 (kind)of rats．However，they still do not weigh enough 65 (cause)a landmine to explode．So these rats can really be heroes．They show every day that they are worthy of that name．
课后练习
非谓语动词形式填空
Anyone who finds a dead bird with a band on its legs is asked to send the band to Washington with a note (tell) where the bird was found.
Ordinary soap, _________ （use）correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ (share) a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.
I didn't mean ________(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help________(try) it.
________(travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.
When Peter speaks in public，he always has trouble (think) of the right things to say.
It took years of work (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.
Having finished her project, she was invited by the school _____ (speak)to the new students.
_________ ( not finish)the programme，they have to stay there for another two weeks.
Keys; telling; used; to share to eat,trying; Travelling; thinking; to reduce; to speak
Not having finished
（二）语法填空
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The adobe dwellings(土坯房） 61 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62 most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63 (able) to “air condition”a house without 64 （use）exectic equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat_65___（slow）during cool nights，thus warning the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough __66 _ (cool) the house during the hot day； __67__ the same time, they warm up again for the night This cycle _68 __ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset（抵消）for the outside temperatures. As __69__(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly__70__thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
Keys：built; the; ability; using; slowly; to cool; at; goes; natural; how
在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词
形式
非谓语动词分为三种形式：不定式、动名词和分词（分词包括现在分词和过去分词）
不同形式的不同用法
to do的用法
to do作目的状语，位于句首或者句末。
To get what he wants, he must pay more attention to the program.
to do 作后置定语，位于名词或代词之后
There is something important to do.
be done后面动词用to do
She was made to give a speech in the school.
be/get adj +to do (busy, worth,useless除外)
The problem is difficult to understand.
Only to do 表结果 just to do 仅仅为了
She was hurried to the cinema, only to find that the tickets had been sold out.
The man took part in the match only to get the bonus.
只用to do地点固定搭配
happen 碰巧，manage 致力于offer 主动提出，promise 答应，agree 同意，refuse拒绝，decide 决定，determine 决定、决心，pretend 假装，fail 未能够，learn学会，wish希望，hope希望，expect期望，afford 负担得起attempt 试图，plan计划，tell告诉
force强迫 intend 想要 enable 使能够 encourage鼓励
have no choice but to do 不得不做某事
doing动名词的用法
动名词的形式 doing（动名词的主动）
being done（动名词的被动）
动名词作主语,谓语动词用单数
Being caught in the exam is a shame for me.
Doing morning exercise is beneficial.
动名词作宾语,一般位于及物动词或者介词之后
只能接动名词作宾语的常见动词以及短语：admit，advise建议，risk冒险，
appreciate欣赏，感激，envy嫉妒，avoid避免，consider考虑，delay延迟，deny否认，dislike不喜欢，enjoy，escape逃避，excuse原谅、宽恕，finish完成，forgive原谅，understand理解，give up放弃，imagine想象，keep保持，mind介意、在乎，
miss未达到，practise训练，put off推迟，resist抵抗，suggest建议、暗示stick to坚持，be used to习惯于，object to反对，be busy忙于···，feel like想要··· can’t help 禁不住，can’t stand无法忍受，devote to(to为介词)致力于···look forward to 期望、盼望
be worth值得，be busy忙于 lead to导致contribute to有助于
动名词作宾补
see/ hear/watch/observe/notice sb doing sth 看见/听见/注视/观察/注意到某人正在做某事
I saw a thief being caught in the street just now.
既可以接-ing又可以接-to do，但意思不同
forget to do sth 忘记去做某事(未做)
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事(已做)
regret to do sth 对即将做的事表示遗憾(未做)
regret doing sth 对做过的事表示后悔(已做)
try to do sth 尽力去做某事
try doing sth 试着做某事
go on to do sth. 做完一件事，继续做另一件事
go on doing sth 继续做原来做的那件事
remember to do sth 记着去做某事(未做)
remember doing sth 记着做了某事(已做)
mean to do sth 打算做某事
mean doing sth 意味着做某事
doing现在分词和done过去分词的用法
在句中作状语
doing 发生为谓语动词之前或者与谓语同 时进行
done
having done
having been done 发生为谓语动词之后
. ① Nervously facing (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.
②When seen from the mountain, our city seems tiny.
③Completed in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.
在句中作定语
①Last night, there were millions of people watching the opening ceremony live on TV.
②The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras returned to our shop for quality problems.
③There are always some people playing with their phones all day.
with的复合结构
doing (表示名词/代词与动词为主动)
with +名词/代词 done (表示名词/代词与动词为被动)
to do (表示名词/代词与动词为未做)
①The couple like walking with their dog following them.
②With the problem solved, he felt released.
③With the problem to solve, he felt stressed.
独立主格
独立主格结构是由一个名词或人称代词（主格）作为逻辑主语，加上一个分词、形容词、副词、不定式或介词短语等构成的复合结构，其作用相当于状语从句，用来表时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况。形式如下：
①名词(代词)＋现在分词(与前面构成主动关系)；
②名词(代词)＋过去分词(与前面构成被动关系)；
③名词(代词)＋不定式(表将来)；
④名词(代词)＋副词；
⑤名词(代词)＋形容词；
⑥名词(代词)＋介词短语；
⑦名词(代词)＋名词
Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.
Everything done( =After everything was done) , they went home.
课堂练习
（一）非谓语动词形式填空
But unlike her school friends,16 year old Sarah is not spending half term 41. ________ (rest)．
Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring ________ (cook) a meal.
Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time ________ (spend) with his students.
People probably cooked their food in large pots, ________ (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it.
I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ________ (catch)．
The first Black Friday actually had nothing __2__(do) with Thanksgiving or shopping.
单项选择
The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _________ from butterflies to elephants.
A．ranging B．range
C．to range D．ranged
2. Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
A．combined with B．combining with C．having combined with D．to be combined with
3. China’s image is improving steadily, with more countries ________ its role in international affairs.
A．recognizing B．being recognized C．to be recognized D．recognized
语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When people hear the word“rat”they may think of dirty animals that spread disease．You may also connect the word“rat”with bad expressions．Indeed，rats generally are not beloved animals either in life 56 in the English language．But the rat trainers at the nonprofit organization，APOPO，see the animals very 57 (different)．They consider the rats lifesavers． 58 (base)in Tanzania，APOPO trains giant rats to find landmines(地雷)．And the rats with their extraordinary sense of smell are very suitable 59 the job．APOPO calls their animal team HeroRats．
Worldwide there are 110 million hidden explosives left over from war. These explosives are still“live，”or able to explode．Such landmines kill or wound 5000 people 60 year．Humans 61 (use)metal-searching devices to do this work for years．But trained rats do it better and also cost less money．When the rats 62 (work)in the field find a landmine，they scratch on the ground．That’s how we know．We place a little marker there，and then we can safely remove those and get rid of 63 (they)．
The giant pouched rat is large compared to other 64 (kind)of rats．However，they still do not weigh enough 65 (cause)a landmine to explode．So these rats can really be heroes．They show every day that they are worthy of that name．
课后练习
非谓语动词形式填空
Anyone who finds a dead bird with a band on its legs is asked to send the band to Washington with a note (tell) where the bird was found.
Ordinary soap, _________ （use）correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ (share) a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.
I didn't mean ________(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help________(try) it.
________(travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.
When Peter speaks in public，he always has trouble (think) of the right things to say.
It took years of work (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.
Having finished her project, she was invited by the school _____ (speak)to the new students.
_________ ( not finish)the programme，they have to stay there for another two weeks.
Keys; telling; used; to share to eat,trying; Travelling; thinking; to reduce; to speak
Not having finished
（二）语法填空
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The adobe dwellings(土坯房） 61 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62 most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63 (able) to “air condition”a house without 64 （use）exectic equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat_65___（slow）during cool nights，thus warning the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough __66 _ (cool) the house during the hot day； __67__ the same time, they warm up again for the night This cycle _68 __ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset（抵消）for the outside temperatures. As __69__(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly__70__thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
Keys：built; the; ability; using; slowly; to cool; at; goes; natural; how