外研版（2019）必修第三册：Unit 6 Disaster and hope 单元练习（含答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）必修第三册：Unit 6 Disaster and hope 单元练习（含答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2021-12-09 07:15:55 | ||
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Unit 6 Disaster and hope 单元练习
(满分:120分;时间:100分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bored Lonely Out of condition Need to relax Why not try the SPORTS CENTER
TENNIS
Indoor and outdoor courts. Coaching from beginners to advanced learners. Children only. Mornings.
SKIING
Gentle slopes(坡). Instructors of 3 levels at weekends and on Fridays. Daytime practice. 8 years old upwards.
SWIMMING
2 pools, heated, Olympic length.
Women: Tuesdays and Thursdays.
Men: Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.
Children: Saturdays.
GOLF
9-hole practice course. Professional coaching. Lessons must be booked in advance in daytime. Evening practice.
Minimum age:9 years old.
GYMNASTICS
Maximum age:18 years old.
Children aged 5—10: Mondays and Wednesdays, 4:00—6:00 p.m.
10—18 years old: Friday evenings.
AND MANY MORE
Table tennis, snooker(斯诺克), darts (掷镖游戏), café(all day), bar(lunch time and evenings), nursery(weekdays and weekends, not evenings).
Center open: 10:00 a.m.—10:00 p.m. daily.
Interested More details, call 800-1234-5678.
1.What is the purpose of the advertisement
A.To show some ways to spend weekends.
B.To introduce a place to relax ourselves.
C.To introduce some events in a sports meet.
D.To give people some ideas to spend their holidays.
2.What can we learn from this passage
A.People can play tennis day and night.
B.People under 20 can also do gymnastics.
C.Children at any age can play golf in the center.
D.Men and women swim in the center separately.
3.How many sports events are mentioned in the passage
A.5. B.6. C.8. D.11.
B
Wong Fuk Wing, a Hong Kong volunteer at an orphanage (孤儿院) in Yushu, was killed in the earthquake when he was trying to save others on April 14, 2010.
Wong managed to run safely out of the building with some children when the first quake happened at 7:49 a.m. on April 14, but he went back inside to rescue three other children and three teachers inside, although he knew the danger of aftershocks (余震).
At 10 a.m., all the children and one of the teachers were saved. However, Wong was buried under the fallen building and died. The other two teachers were still waiting to be rescued.
46-year-old Wong was a truck driver, who often said he could only give his efforts to charity instead of money, as he did not earn a lot. His tragic (悲剧的) end touched the hearts of many people both in Hong Kong and on the mainland.
Wong began volunteering in 2002. In 2003, Wong was told by the doctor he got serious illness, which gave him a great blow. However, the illness did not deter the warm-hearted man. When the earthquake struck Wenchuan in Sichuan Province in 2008, Wong rushed to the disaster area of Shifang to offer his help though his family did not want him to go.
In fact, Qinghai is a place Wong had often visited since 2006. As a volunteer, he gave out medicine and clothing to the orphanage there. No one could expect that Wong would die for helping others.
Hong Kong Chief Secretary Henry Tang Ying-yen said he had “the highest respect” for the hero who gave his life to others, “What he did has shown the Hong Kong spirit.” The citizens of Hong Kong called him “the pride of Hong Kong's people” and people on the mainland also praised him as “a true hero”.
4.Wong died in the earthquake .
A.as the first earthquake happened
B.when he returned to save the teachers and students
C.because he suffered from his serious illness again
D.after he sent medicine and clothing to the orphanage
5.What does the underlined word “deter” in Paragraph 5 refer to
A.Prevent. B.Refuse. C.Beat. D.Encourage.
6.What can we know about Wong from the passage
A.He never visited Qinghai before 2010.
B.He was thought highly of by the Chinese.
C.He was a taxi driver before he died.
D.He was supported by his family being a volunteer.
7.Why are so many people deeply moved by the story of Wong
A.He helped the orphanage though he was poor.
B.He fought against his illness bravely.
C.He put other people's lives above his own.
D.He always offered money to the orphanage.
C
A storm hit Houston, Texas, on Tuesday. It brought heavy rains and rising floodwaters. By Tuesday night, some parts of the city had received 10 inches of rain. Police and firefighters helped people move to safe places. They also saved people from cars and buses that were stuck on roads.
Certain areas around Houston were hit really hard. In just four hours, more than seven inches of rain fell in Sugar Land in the southwest of Houston. Cars could not pass through any of the area's main roadways. On Twitter, Sugar Land city officials asked people to get to high ground.
Tuesday's rain hit parts of Texas that Hurricane Harvey had already damaged almost two years ago. Hurricane Harvey in August, 2017 was the second most costly hurricane in US history. It caused $125 billion worth of damage in Texas. In the Houston area, 36 people died and about 150,000 homes were flooded.
A spokesman for the Harris County Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Management said that this week's rain “is not in any way a Harvey-level event”.
But the worst may not be over yet. People will have a break from the heavy rain on Wednesday. According to the National Weather Service, the Texas Gulf Coast will continue to experience heavy rain later in the week. “Today should be our quietest over the next few days for rainfall,” said Don Oettinger, a National Weather Service meteorologist (气象学家).
Houston Fire Chief Samuel Peia warned, “As there is too much water on the ground and flash floods are likely to happen, we hope people are careful of what they're doing and encourage them to stay home. There's no sense in putting yourself, firefighters or anybody in danger needlessly.”
8.What are Paragraphs 1 and 2 mainly about
A.Flood damage in Houston.
B.Flood prevention in Houston.
C.Heavy floods hitting Houston.
D.People fighting floods in Houston.
9.What do we know about Hurricane Harvey
A.It caused no deaths or injuries.
B.It did a lot of damage to Texas.
C.It was less serious than this week's rain.
D.It was the biggest hurricane on record.
10.What can we learn from the weather report of the National Weather Service
A.Fine days are coming.
B.It will rain a little non-stop.
C.A hurricane is unavoidable.
D.Floods will continue.
11.What did Samuel suggest local people do
A.Stay indoors.
B.Join firefighters.
C.Give up needless things.
D.Comfort those who lost homes.
D
Black holes were first put forward by Albert Einstein in 1916. However, scientists had not proved them directly. That changed on April 10, 2019, with the release of the first photo of a black hole in the center of the galaxy(星系) M87, located 55 million light years from Earth.
The photo does not show the black hole itself. That's because it is black and it can't be seen in space. The scientists used radio signals to capture (拍摄) the black hole's “shadow”—the bright ring that forms around its edge, when light bends because of the extreme gravity around the hole.
The M87 black hole, believed to have a mass 6.5 billion times that of our sun, was captured using the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT)—a network of eight powerful telescopes(望远镜). The telescopes, located in Hawaii, Arizona, Chile, Mexico, Spain and Antarctica, separately captured the black hole's radio signals over four nights in April 2017, when the weather was fine in all six places. The data was recorded in a centre where it was dealt with by a supercomputer to form the photo of the black hole's shadow. The researchers say while the photo is slightly blurry, future photos will be clearer as more telescopes are added to the EHT. Black holes, are not easy to capture because they are surrounded by thick dust and hot gases.
Black holes are areas in space where the pulling strength of gravity is so powerful that even light is unable to escape. They can be different widely in size and mass. The smallest, called “Primordial” black holes, are as small as a single atom but with a mass of a big mountain. “Stellar” black holes, which are the most common, have a diameter (直径)of about 10 miles and a mass 20 times that of our sun. The largest, or “Supermassive” black holes, similar to that of M87's, can have a mass greater than millions, or even billions of suns combined.
12.What can we infer from the first paragraph
A.Einstein's prediction about black holes is right.
B.Einstein captured the black hole a century ago.
C.Scientists haven't proved black holes' presence.
D.The black hole has been known for centuries.
13.What did the scientists use to capture the black hole's “shadow”
A.Moonlight. B.Natural light.
C.Radio signals. D.Sound waves.
14.What does the underlined word “blurry” in the third paragraph probably mean
A.Not big. B.Not clear.
C.Not new. D.Not attractive.
15.What can we know about the M87 black hole
A.It is almost empty.
B.It is the smallest one.
C.It is very bright.
D.It is very large.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Earthquakes strike without warning and are among the most destructive natural disasters. Keeping calm and proper reaction can sometimes save your life. To ride out an earthquake, remember the phrase “drop, cover, and hold on”. 16 .
1.Move away from buildings, street lights, power lines, and bridges.
17 . As soon as the ground begins shaking, try to get as far away as possible from any nearby structures. Do not seek shelter under a bridge or overpass.
2.Crouch down low in a wide open area until the shaking stops.
Once you've made your way away from nearby structures, get down on your hands and knees and cover your head. See if there are any objects nearby to use as a shield(遮蔽物),such as a trash can lid. 18 .
3. 19 .
As you go out after the earthquake, be careful of broken glass, rubble, downed power lines, fallen trees, and any other potential danger. Check yourself and anyone nearby for injuries. If necessary, perform first aid and call emergency services.
4.Get to higher ground if you're on the shore or near a dam.
Earthquakes can cause tsunamis, so put distance between yourself and the coast. If a shaking lasts more than 20 seconds, 20 . Get to ground that's at least 100 feet (30 m) above sea level or 2 miles (3.2 km) from the shore.
A.drop to your hands and knees under a table or desk
B.Watch out for danger as you observe your surroundings
C.If possible, grab a pillow, a sofa cushion, or another object to cover your face and head
D.Here are four tips helping you survive an earthquake if you are outdoors
E.don't wait for an alarm or warning to escape
F.The most dangerous locations during an earthquake are areas immediately around buildings
G.If none are available, cover your head and neck with your hands and arms
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I shared one of the lifeboats with the chief engineer, Tom Fenton. I didn't 21 the exact circumstances, but the storm continued into the second night. In some ways, we were able to avoid being 22 into the sea. Then as quickly as it had come, the 23 passed. The wind died down and the stormy sea became quiet;the clouds drifted away, and the 24 came out in the clear sky above. We didn't know where we were or what would happen to us but it was a marvelous(极好的) feeling, just being 25 . All night the little boat drifted in the open sea while Tom and I 26 soundly. We were both exhausted. The next morning, I was 27 by brilliant sunshine. At first the bright sun made it impossible to see, but as my 28 became used to the light, I was able to look around. There was nothing but the deep blue 29 of the Pacific in all directions. The other lifeboats were gone.
30 the danger of the storm was over, I began to 31 our other problems. All our supplies were 32 . We had no food, no fresh water, and we were somewhere in the South Pacific, possibly hundreds of miles from land. Perhaps we would drift here in the quiet 33 for weeks. It was a frightening thought. My 34 was still sleeping. I was about to 35 him up when I saw something in the distance. Looking away from the sun towards the west, I thought I saw the blue shape of land in the distance.
21.A.remember B.recognize
C.doubt D.see
22.A.pulled B.carried C.thrown D.put
23.A.shadow B.cloud
C.wind D.storm
24.A.sun B.stars C.rainbow D.lightning
25.A.crazy B.bored C.sad D.alive
26.A.slept B.talked C.played D.ate
27.A.shocked B.hurt C.awakened D.heated
28.A.body B.face C.ears D.eyes
29.A.shape B.water C.bank D.sky
30.A.Now that B.Although
C.As if D.Unless
31.A.get around B.worry about
C.work out D.give up
32.A.important B.ready
C.gone D.broken
33.A.forest B.island C.ocean D.river
34.A.wife B.doctor C.patient D.companion
35.A.ring B.wake C.dress D.bring
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami to crash into coastlines across Asia yesterday, 36 (kill) more than 6,500 people. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes and cars 37 (sweep) away by huge waves. The undersea quake 38 (strike) around 7:00 am, Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia's Sumatra Island. In that area alone, at least 1,870 people were killed.
Indian officials said as many as 1,900 had been killed 39 the southern coast. Another 254 were found 40 (death) in Thailand and 54 in three other countries. In southern Thailand, 1,900 people were hurt and many more were missing. “I was having breakfast with my three children 41 water started filling my home. We had to leave everything and run to 42 (safe),” said a local Thai woman.
Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of deaths is expected 43 (grow) even higher over the next few days. Foreign aid 44 (organize) for the tsunami-hit countries. 45 , dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是李华,新年即将到来,你的英国笔友Jack来信和你交流新年的打算。你回信说你们搬入了新校园,为了更好地建设“绿色校园”,你打算号召同学们一起努力:
1.多植树,美化校园;
2.回收废物(如瓶子、报纸等);
3.节约能源。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:回收利用recycle
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The bell rang, announcing the end of the vivid art class Karson loved most. He was delighted that he had created a very satisfying work. So he walked to the back of the classroom to put his work away carefully. There, lying on the floor in front of the classroom bookcase was a golden ticket! Karson picked it up. His heart beat faster when he saw that the name line was blank. He couldn't believe his luck!
The boys and girls in Karson's class can earn golden tickets by doing well in their study or by being extra helpful or kind. Once a week their teacher draws a ticket out of the box on her desk and lets the winner choose a prize.
That day there was the golden ticket drawing, and here was another ticket, just for him! Karson looked around. No one else was near the ticket. All his classmates were at their desks, laughing and talking with each other. Miss Evans was engaged in grading the papers collected earlier in the morning.
Karson decided to write his name on the blank line. Then he could put it into the box with the six tickets he'd already earned. With so many chances, one of his tickets would most probably be picked! Then he could choose the pink toy pig for his sister's birthday, just like he had been hoping.
He smiled and reached for the pencil in his pocket. Suddenly his fingers stopped. There was a strange feeling in his chest, and it wasn't his heartbeat. “Finders keepers, right ” he wondered. He looked out of the window and tried to figure it out. On the one hand, he did find the ticket, but he hadn't earned it. Somebody must have lost it. But on the other hand, he did need this extra ticket for his great plan!
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Karson stared at the blank name line for a moment.
Paragraph 2:
“Karson, I'd like you to have another ticket!” said Miss Evans.
参考答案与解析
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
语篇解读 本文是一则广告,主要介绍了一些活动项目,其目的是向人们推荐一个放松的场所。
1.B 细节理解题。根据文章首段Bored Lonely Out of condition Need to relax Why not try the SPORTS CENTER 可知,这个广告主要是给人们推荐一个放松的地方。
2.D 细节理解题。根据SWIMMING部分中的Women: Tuesdays and Thursdays. Men: Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.可知,女性的游泳时间是星期二和星期四,男性的游泳时间是星期一、星期三和星期五,所以在体育中心,男性和女性是分开游泳的。
3.C 细节理解题。根据TENNIS、SKIING、SWIMMING、GOLF、 GYMNASTICS、Table tennis、snooker(斯诺克)、darts (掷镖游戏)可知,文章一共提到了八种体育运动。
B
语篇解读 本文是一篇人物传记类的记叙文。文章介绍了香港志愿者黄福荣的事迹。2010年4月14日,玉树发生地震,黄福荣在一所孤儿院中试图救他人时不幸遇难,他把别人的生命置于自己的生命之上。
4.B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的but he went back inside to rescue three other children and three teachers inside, although he knew the danger of aftershocks (余震)可知,Wong在地震中遇难,是因为当时他回去救老师和学生。故选B。A项“当第一次地震发生的时候”,C项“因为他又遭受了严重的疾病”和D项“在他把药和衣服送到了孤儿院之后”的表述均不符合文意。
5.A 词义猜测题。根据第五段中的In 2003, Wong was told by the doctor he got serious illness, which gave him a great blow. However, the illness did not deter the warm-hearted man. 可知,医生告诉Wong他得了重病,这给了他很大的打击。然而,疾病并没有阻止这个热心的人。由句中的However可知前后是转折关系,推知画线词的意思是“阻止”。故选A。B项“拒绝”,C项“打败”和D项“鼓励”均不正确。
6.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The citizens of Hong Kong called him “the pride of Hong Kong's people” and people on the mainland also praised him as “a true hero”.可知,他受到中国人的高度评价。可知B项正确。根据倒数第二段的第一句的内容可知,青海是Wong从2006年之后经常去的城市,故A项“2010年之前,他从未去过青海”错误;根据第四段的第一句的内容可知,他曾经是一名卡车司机,故C项“他去世前是个出租车司机”错误;根据第五段最后一句的内容可知,2008年四川汶川发生地震时,尽管家人不让他去,他还是赶赴什邡灾区提供帮助,由此可推断,他的家人不支持他的志愿活动,故D项“他的家人支持他当志愿者”错误。故选B。
7.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Hong Kong Chief Secretary Henry Tang Ying-yen said he had “the highest respect” for the hero who gave his life to others...可知,之所以有这么多人被Wong的故事深深打动,是因为他把别人的生命置于自己的生命之上。故选C。根据倒数第二段的内容可知,他在孤儿院做志愿活动的时候,帮助分发药品和衣物,但D项“他总是给孤儿院捐钱”未提及。A项“尽管他很穷,他还是帮助孤儿院”和B项“他勇敢地与疾病作斗争”的内容在文中均有涉及,但是纵观全文,最使人感动的还是他牺牲自己的生命来挽救别人生命的事迹,故这三项不选。
C
语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。一场风暴袭击了休斯敦,带来了大量降水,造成城市内洪水泛滥,当地政府提醒人们注意安全。
8.C 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Police and firefighters helped people move to safe places. They also saved people from cars and buses that were stuck on roads.和第二段中的Cars could not pass through any of the area's main roadways.可知,这两段主要在描写大量降水导致休斯敦城市内洪水泛滥,C选项“猛烈的洪水袭击了休斯敦”符合文意。故选C项。
9.B 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句It caused $125 billion worth of damage in Texas. In the Houston area, 36 people died and about 150,000 homes were flooded.可知,席卷得克萨斯州的飓风Harvey造成了巨大的财产损失和人员伤亡,与B选项描述一致。故选B项。
10.D 推理判断题。根据第五段第三句According to the National Weather Service, the Texas Gulf Coast will continue to experience heavy rain later in the week.并结合该段内容可知,人们在周三能稍微松口气,但这一周后面几天降水将会继续,届时洪水将会再次泛滥。故选D项。
11.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段Samuel所说的话As there is too much water on the ground and flash floods are likely to happen, we hope people are careful of what they're doing and encourage them to stay home.可知,Samuel希望人们注意安全,并鼓励他们待在家里,与A选项表述一致。故选A项。
D
语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。日前,科学家公布了人类拍摄的第一张黑洞的照片,这张照片直接证实了爱因斯坦关于黑洞预言的准确性。
12.A 推理判断题。根据第一段可知,第一张黑洞照片的公布证实了爱因斯坦关于黑洞预言的正确性。故选A。B项“爱因斯坦在一个世纪前拍摄了黑洞”,C项“科学家还没有证明黑洞的存在”和D项“黑洞几个世纪以来就为人所知”的表述均不符合文意。
13.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的The scientists used radio signals to capture (拍摄) the black hole's “shadow”可知,科学家使用无线电信号来拍摄黑洞的“阴影”。故选C。
14.B 词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的连词“while”可知,前后是让步关系。根据后面future photos will be clearer as more telescopes are added to the EHT可知,未来的照片将会更清晰,与之相反的是“不清晰的”。由此可判断,blurry意为 “模糊不清的”。故选B。
15.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的The largest, or “Supermassive” black holes, similar to that of M87's可知,M87中心的黑洞属于超大型黑洞。故选D。
第二节
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在户外时,遇到地震的几种逃生方式。
16.D 设空处的前一句提到“为了安然渡过地震,记住这句话:蹲下,找遮蔽物,坚持住”。下文介绍了四个应对地震的方式,D项“如果你在户外,这里有四个帮助你在地震中生存下来的小贴士”承上启下,故选D。
17.F 设空处的前一句提到“远离建筑物、路灯、电线和桥梁”。F项“地震中最危险的位置是建筑物附近的区域”承接上文,切题。故选F。
18.G 设空处的前一句提到“看看附近有没有什么东西可以作为遮蔽物的,比如垃圾桶盖”。G项“如果没有可用的,用你的手和胳膊盖住你的头和脖子”承接上文,切题。故选G。
19.B 设空处是本部分的主题句,下文提到“地震后外出时,小心碎玻璃、碎石、倒下的电线、倒下的树和任何其他潜在的危险”。B项“当你观察周围环境时,要小心危险”可以引出下文,切题。故选B。
20.E 设空处上文提到“如果摇晃持续超过20秒”,E项“不要等待警报或警告后才逃跑”承接上文,切题。且呼应设空处的后一句“到达海拔至少100英尺(30米)或距离海岸2英里(3.2千米)的地面”。故选E。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和Tom Fenton在大海中漂流,毫无目的,也没有获得援助的可能,最后却突然发现有陆地的影子。
21.A 考查动词词义辨析。remember记得;recognize认出;doubt怀疑;see看见,明白。根据文章语境可知,这里讲述的是作者回忆的一次经历,所以推断此处意为“我记不清楚具体的情形”,故选A。
22.C 考查动词词义辨析。pull拉;carry搬;throw扔;put放置。暴风雨持续到第二天晚上,从某种意义上来说,我们能够免于被卷入大海,故选C。
23.D 考查名词词义辨析。shadow阴影;cloud云;wind风;storm暴风雨。由the storm continued into the second night可知,像它来的时候那么快一样,暴风雨去得也快。故选D。
24.B 考查名词词义辨析。sun太阳;star星星;rainbow彩虹;lightning闪电。根据All night the little boat drifted in the open sea可以看出,此处描写的是夜晚的事情,所以推断“乌云散尽,星星出现了”,故选B。
25.D 考查形容词词义辨析。crazy疯狂的;bored厌倦的;sad悲伤的;alive活着的。在波涛汹涌的大海上我与Tom同乘一个救生艇,不知道在哪儿,也不知道会发生什么事,所以推断“只是感到还活着”,故选D。
26.A 考查动词词义辨析。sleep睡觉;talk交谈;play玩;eat吃。由后文We were both exhausted. The next morning, I was 27 by brilliant sunshine.可知,我们非常疲惫,睡着了,而且睡得很沉,故选A。
27.C 考查动词词义辨析。shock使震惊;hurt伤害;awaken(使)醒来;heat加热。由本句中的by brilliant sunshine可知,我被明媚的阳光唤醒,故选C。
28.D 考查名词词义辨析。body身体;face脸;ear耳朵;eye眼睛。根据语境可知,起初耀眼的阳光使我无法看清,后来眼睛适应了光线,故选D。
29.B 考查名词词义辨析。shape形状;water水;bank岸;sky天空。我们漂泊在太平洋上,所以能看到的只有太平洋的深蓝色的水,故选B。
30.A 考查连词词义辨析。now that既然;although尽管;as if好像;unless除非。根据语境,由于暴风雨的危险已经过去,所以我开始为其他事情担忧,故选A。
31.B 考查动词短语辨析。get around克服;worry about担忧;work out计算出;give up放弃。由后文可知,供应中断了,所以为此担忧,也就是开始为别的事情担忧,故选B。
32.C 考查形容词词义辨析。important重要的;ready准备好;gone用完了;broken破损的。由We had no food,no fresh water可知,我们的补给用完了,故选C。
33.C 考查名词词义辨析。forest森林;island岛屿;ocean海洋;river河流。由上文There was nothing but the deep blue 29 of the Pacific in all directions. 可知,目前我们还在太平洋,可能会在这里漂泊几个星期,故选C。
34.D 考查名词词义辨析。wife妻子;doctor医生;patient病人;companion伙伴。由I shared one of the lifeboats with the chief engineer, Tom Fenton.可知,我与Tom Fenton在一起,所以称他为同伴,故选D。
35.B 考查动词词义辨析。ring给……打电话;wake唤醒;dress给……穿衣;bring带来。由前文My 34 was still sleeping.可知,此处指我刚要唤醒他,故选B。
第二节
语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了过去40年来最强的地震引发的海啸冲到了亚洲海岸线,对一些国家造成了影响。
36.killing 考查非谓语动词。句意: 昨日,40年来最强的地震导致海啸冲到了亚洲的海岸线,造成6,500多人死亡。分析句子可知,前面的句子表示原因,后面的分词短语表示直接造成的结果,应用现在分词。故填killing。
37.were swept 考查时态和语态。句意:渔民、游客、旅馆、住宅和汽车被巨浪卷走。主语Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes and cars和提示词sweep之间是被动关系,且文章的整体时态为一般过去时,所以此处需用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were swept。
38.struck 考查时态。句意:海底地震发生在周日早上7点左右,位于印度尼西亚的苏门答腊岛的西海岸附近。由语境可知时态为一般过去时。故填 struck。
39.along 考查介词。句意:印度官员表示,南部沿海地区有多达1,900人死亡。根据句意,此处应表示“南部沿海地区”。along作介词,意为“沿着”。故填along。
40.dead 考查形容词。句意:另有 254 人被发现死于泰国,54 人死于其他三个国家。此处作主语补足语,说明主语的状态,应用形容词。故填dead。
41.when 考查连词。句意:我和我的三个孩子正在吃早餐,这时水开始涌入我家。此处是固定句型was/were doing...when...意为“正在做……这时……”。故填when。
42.safety 考查名词。此处表示“我们不得不放下所有东西跑到安全的地方”。该空作空前介词to的宾语,应用名词,safety意为“安全处所”时,是不可数名词。故填safety。
43.to grow 考查固定搭配。句意:成千上万的人仍然失踪,死亡人数预计在未来几天会变得更高。根据固定搭配be expected to do sth.(预计做某事)可知,此处需填动词不定式。故填to grow。
44.is being organized 考查时态和语态。句意:(各国)正在为遭受海啸袭击的国家组织外国援助。此处表示目前正在进行的动作,应用现在进行时。主语aid和提示词之间是被动关系。所以此处需用现在进行时的被动语态,aid作“援助,帮助”讲时是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。故填is being organized。
45.However 考查副词。句意:然而,危险的条件和受损的道路将使运送食物和物资变得困难。设空处前提到“正在组织援助”,后文却提到“危险的条件和受损的道路将使运送食物和物资变得困难”,前后是转折关系。故填However。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Jack,
Thank you for your letter and telling me your new plan for the new year. We have moved into our new school. In order to build a “green school”, I would like to call on my classmates to make it.
First, to beautify our school, we are going to plant more trees on our campus. Recycling is always the best method for protecting the environment. So, second, we will recycle bottles,plastic bags and waste newspapers. Furthermore, we will make an effort to save energy at school. For example, we will turn off electrical appliances the moment they are not being used.
I believe the united efforts can make our school a real “green school”. Do you think so
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
Karson stared at the blank name line for a moment. He knew his plan wouldn't be so great if he won with a ticket that didn't belong to him. So he walked up to his teacher. “Miss Evans, I happened to find this ticket on the floor near the bookcase. I think the one who lost it will look for it,” he said, dropping it on her desk. When he turned around to leave, the teacher stopped him.
Paragraph 2:
“Karson, I'd like you to have another ticket!” said Miss Evans. Karson was amazed and wondered why. Miss Evans smiled and signed to the class to quiet down, “Karson handed in the golden ticket he had just found. I think he is honest and deserves another one!” The class burst into loud applause. Karson happily went back to his seat, eagerly expecting the ticket drawing. He still wanted his name to be picked, but he would feel OK even if it wasn't. After all, making the right choice did make him feel great!
(满分:120分;时间:100分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bored Lonely Out of condition Need to relax Why not try the SPORTS CENTER
TENNIS
Indoor and outdoor courts. Coaching from beginners to advanced learners. Children only. Mornings.
SKIING
Gentle slopes(坡). Instructors of 3 levels at weekends and on Fridays. Daytime practice. 8 years old upwards.
SWIMMING
2 pools, heated, Olympic length.
Women: Tuesdays and Thursdays.
Men: Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.
Children: Saturdays.
GOLF
9-hole practice course. Professional coaching. Lessons must be booked in advance in daytime. Evening practice.
Minimum age:9 years old.
GYMNASTICS
Maximum age:18 years old.
Children aged 5—10: Mondays and Wednesdays, 4:00—6:00 p.m.
10—18 years old: Friday evenings.
AND MANY MORE
Table tennis, snooker(斯诺克), darts (掷镖游戏), café(all day), bar(lunch time and evenings), nursery(weekdays and weekends, not evenings).
Center open: 10:00 a.m.—10:00 p.m. daily.
Interested More details, call 800-1234-5678.
1.What is the purpose of the advertisement
A.To show some ways to spend weekends.
B.To introduce a place to relax ourselves.
C.To introduce some events in a sports meet.
D.To give people some ideas to spend their holidays.
2.What can we learn from this passage
A.People can play tennis day and night.
B.People under 20 can also do gymnastics.
C.Children at any age can play golf in the center.
D.Men and women swim in the center separately.
3.How many sports events are mentioned in the passage
A.5. B.6. C.8. D.11.
B
Wong Fuk Wing, a Hong Kong volunteer at an orphanage (孤儿院) in Yushu, was killed in the earthquake when he was trying to save others on April 14, 2010.
Wong managed to run safely out of the building with some children when the first quake happened at 7:49 a.m. on April 14, but he went back inside to rescue three other children and three teachers inside, although he knew the danger of aftershocks (余震).
At 10 a.m., all the children and one of the teachers were saved. However, Wong was buried under the fallen building and died. The other two teachers were still waiting to be rescued.
46-year-old Wong was a truck driver, who often said he could only give his efforts to charity instead of money, as he did not earn a lot. His tragic (悲剧的) end touched the hearts of many people both in Hong Kong and on the mainland.
Wong began volunteering in 2002. In 2003, Wong was told by the doctor he got serious illness, which gave him a great blow. However, the illness did not deter the warm-hearted man. When the earthquake struck Wenchuan in Sichuan Province in 2008, Wong rushed to the disaster area of Shifang to offer his help though his family did not want him to go.
In fact, Qinghai is a place Wong had often visited since 2006. As a volunteer, he gave out medicine and clothing to the orphanage there. No one could expect that Wong would die for helping others.
Hong Kong Chief Secretary Henry Tang Ying-yen said he had “the highest respect” for the hero who gave his life to others, “What he did has shown the Hong Kong spirit.” The citizens of Hong Kong called him “the pride of Hong Kong's people” and people on the mainland also praised him as “a true hero”.
4.Wong died in the earthquake .
A.as the first earthquake happened
B.when he returned to save the teachers and students
C.because he suffered from his serious illness again
D.after he sent medicine and clothing to the orphanage
5.What does the underlined word “deter” in Paragraph 5 refer to
A.Prevent. B.Refuse. C.Beat. D.Encourage.
6.What can we know about Wong from the passage
A.He never visited Qinghai before 2010.
B.He was thought highly of by the Chinese.
C.He was a taxi driver before he died.
D.He was supported by his family being a volunteer.
7.Why are so many people deeply moved by the story of Wong
A.He helped the orphanage though he was poor.
B.He fought against his illness bravely.
C.He put other people's lives above his own.
D.He always offered money to the orphanage.
C
A storm hit Houston, Texas, on Tuesday. It brought heavy rains and rising floodwaters. By Tuesday night, some parts of the city had received 10 inches of rain. Police and firefighters helped people move to safe places. They also saved people from cars and buses that were stuck on roads.
Certain areas around Houston were hit really hard. In just four hours, more than seven inches of rain fell in Sugar Land in the southwest of Houston. Cars could not pass through any of the area's main roadways. On Twitter, Sugar Land city officials asked people to get to high ground.
Tuesday's rain hit parts of Texas that Hurricane Harvey had already damaged almost two years ago. Hurricane Harvey in August, 2017 was the second most costly hurricane in US history. It caused $125 billion worth of damage in Texas. In the Houston area, 36 people died and about 150,000 homes were flooded.
A spokesman for the Harris County Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Management said that this week's rain “is not in any way a Harvey-level event”.
But the worst may not be over yet. People will have a break from the heavy rain on Wednesday. According to the National Weather Service, the Texas Gulf Coast will continue to experience heavy rain later in the week. “Today should be our quietest over the next few days for rainfall,” said Don Oettinger, a National Weather Service meteorologist (气象学家).
Houston Fire Chief Samuel Peia warned, “As there is too much water on the ground and flash floods are likely to happen, we hope people are careful of what they're doing and encourage them to stay home. There's no sense in putting yourself, firefighters or anybody in danger needlessly.”
8.What are Paragraphs 1 and 2 mainly about
A.Flood damage in Houston.
B.Flood prevention in Houston.
C.Heavy floods hitting Houston.
D.People fighting floods in Houston.
9.What do we know about Hurricane Harvey
A.It caused no deaths or injuries.
B.It did a lot of damage to Texas.
C.It was less serious than this week's rain.
D.It was the biggest hurricane on record.
10.What can we learn from the weather report of the National Weather Service
A.Fine days are coming.
B.It will rain a little non-stop.
C.A hurricane is unavoidable.
D.Floods will continue.
11.What did Samuel suggest local people do
A.Stay indoors.
B.Join firefighters.
C.Give up needless things.
D.Comfort those who lost homes.
D
Black holes were first put forward by Albert Einstein in 1916. However, scientists had not proved them directly. That changed on April 10, 2019, with the release of the first photo of a black hole in the center of the galaxy(星系) M87, located 55 million light years from Earth.
The photo does not show the black hole itself. That's because it is black and it can't be seen in space. The scientists used radio signals to capture (拍摄) the black hole's “shadow”—the bright ring that forms around its edge, when light bends because of the extreme gravity around the hole.
The M87 black hole, believed to have a mass 6.5 billion times that of our sun, was captured using the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT)—a network of eight powerful telescopes(望远镜). The telescopes, located in Hawaii, Arizona, Chile, Mexico, Spain and Antarctica, separately captured the black hole's radio signals over four nights in April 2017, when the weather was fine in all six places. The data was recorded in a centre where it was dealt with by a supercomputer to form the photo of the black hole's shadow. The researchers say while the photo is slightly blurry, future photos will be clearer as more telescopes are added to the EHT. Black holes, are not easy to capture because they are surrounded by thick dust and hot gases.
Black holes are areas in space where the pulling strength of gravity is so powerful that even light is unable to escape. They can be different widely in size and mass. The smallest, called “Primordial” black holes, are as small as a single atom but with a mass of a big mountain. “Stellar” black holes, which are the most common, have a diameter (直径)of about 10 miles and a mass 20 times that of our sun. The largest, or “Supermassive” black holes, similar to that of M87's, can have a mass greater than millions, or even billions of suns combined.
12.What can we infer from the first paragraph
A.Einstein's prediction about black holes is right.
B.Einstein captured the black hole a century ago.
C.Scientists haven't proved black holes' presence.
D.The black hole has been known for centuries.
13.What did the scientists use to capture the black hole's “shadow”
A.Moonlight. B.Natural light.
C.Radio signals. D.Sound waves.
14.What does the underlined word “blurry” in the third paragraph probably mean
A.Not big. B.Not clear.
C.Not new. D.Not attractive.
15.What can we know about the M87 black hole
A.It is almost empty.
B.It is the smallest one.
C.It is very bright.
D.It is very large.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Earthquakes strike without warning and are among the most destructive natural disasters. Keeping calm and proper reaction can sometimes save your life. To ride out an earthquake, remember the phrase “drop, cover, and hold on”. 16 .
1.Move away from buildings, street lights, power lines, and bridges.
17 . As soon as the ground begins shaking, try to get as far away as possible from any nearby structures. Do not seek shelter under a bridge or overpass.
2.Crouch down low in a wide open area until the shaking stops.
Once you've made your way away from nearby structures, get down on your hands and knees and cover your head. See if there are any objects nearby to use as a shield(遮蔽物),such as a trash can lid. 18 .
3. 19 .
As you go out after the earthquake, be careful of broken glass, rubble, downed power lines, fallen trees, and any other potential danger. Check yourself and anyone nearby for injuries. If necessary, perform first aid and call emergency services.
4.Get to higher ground if you're on the shore or near a dam.
Earthquakes can cause tsunamis, so put distance between yourself and the coast. If a shaking lasts more than 20 seconds, 20 . Get to ground that's at least 100 feet (30 m) above sea level or 2 miles (3.2 km) from the shore.
A.drop to your hands and knees under a table or desk
B.Watch out for danger as you observe your surroundings
C.If possible, grab a pillow, a sofa cushion, or another object to cover your face and head
D.Here are four tips helping you survive an earthquake if you are outdoors
E.don't wait for an alarm or warning to escape
F.The most dangerous locations during an earthquake are areas immediately around buildings
G.If none are available, cover your head and neck with your hands and arms
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I shared one of the lifeboats with the chief engineer, Tom Fenton. I didn't 21 the exact circumstances, but the storm continued into the second night. In some ways, we were able to avoid being 22 into the sea. Then as quickly as it had come, the 23 passed. The wind died down and the stormy sea became quiet;the clouds drifted away, and the 24 came out in the clear sky above. We didn't know where we were or what would happen to us but it was a marvelous(极好的) feeling, just being 25 . All night the little boat drifted in the open sea while Tom and I 26 soundly. We were both exhausted. The next morning, I was 27 by brilliant sunshine. At first the bright sun made it impossible to see, but as my 28 became used to the light, I was able to look around. There was nothing but the deep blue 29 of the Pacific in all directions. The other lifeboats were gone.
30 the danger of the storm was over, I began to 31 our other problems. All our supplies were 32 . We had no food, no fresh water, and we were somewhere in the South Pacific, possibly hundreds of miles from land. Perhaps we would drift here in the quiet 33 for weeks. It was a frightening thought. My 34 was still sleeping. I was about to 35 him up when I saw something in the distance. Looking away from the sun towards the west, I thought I saw the blue shape of land in the distance.
21.A.remember B.recognize
C.doubt D.see
22.A.pulled B.carried C.thrown D.put
23.A.shadow B.cloud
C.wind D.storm
24.A.sun B.stars C.rainbow D.lightning
25.A.crazy B.bored C.sad D.alive
26.A.slept B.talked C.played D.ate
27.A.shocked B.hurt C.awakened D.heated
28.A.body B.face C.ears D.eyes
29.A.shape B.water C.bank D.sky
30.A.Now that B.Although
C.As if D.Unless
31.A.get around B.worry about
C.work out D.give up
32.A.important B.ready
C.gone D.broken
33.A.forest B.island C.ocean D.river
34.A.wife B.doctor C.patient D.companion
35.A.ring B.wake C.dress D.bring
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami to crash into coastlines across Asia yesterday, 36 (kill) more than 6,500 people. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes and cars 37 (sweep) away by huge waves. The undersea quake 38 (strike) around 7:00 am, Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia's Sumatra Island. In that area alone, at least 1,870 people were killed.
Indian officials said as many as 1,900 had been killed 39 the southern coast. Another 254 were found 40 (death) in Thailand and 54 in three other countries. In southern Thailand, 1,900 people were hurt and many more were missing. “I was having breakfast with my three children 41 water started filling my home. We had to leave everything and run to 42 (safe),” said a local Thai woman.
Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of deaths is expected 43 (grow) even higher over the next few days. Foreign aid 44 (organize) for the tsunami-hit countries. 45 , dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是李华,新年即将到来,你的英国笔友Jack来信和你交流新年的打算。你回信说你们搬入了新校园,为了更好地建设“绿色校园”,你打算号召同学们一起努力:
1.多植树,美化校园;
2.回收废物(如瓶子、报纸等);
3.节约能源。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:回收利用recycle
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The bell rang, announcing the end of the vivid art class Karson loved most. He was delighted that he had created a very satisfying work. So he walked to the back of the classroom to put his work away carefully. There, lying on the floor in front of the classroom bookcase was a golden ticket! Karson picked it up. His heart beat faster when he saw that the name line was blank. He couldn't believe his luck!
The boys and girls in Karson's class can earn golden tickets by doing well in their study or by being extra helpful or kind. Once a week their teacher draws a ticket out of the box on her desk and lets the winner choose a prize.
That day there was the golden ticket drawing, and here was another ticket, just for him! Karson looked around. No one else was near the ticket. All his classmates were at their desks, laughing and talking with each other. Miss Evans was engaged in grading the papers collected earlier in the morning.
Karson decided to write his name on the blank line. Then he could put it into the box with the six tickets he'd already earned. With so many chances, one of his tickets would most probably be picked! Then he could choose the pink toy pig for his sister's birthday, just like he had been hoping.
He smiled and reached for the pencil in his pocket. Suddenly his fingers stopped. There was a strange feeling in his chest, and it wasn't his heartbeat. “Finders keepers, right ” he wondered. He looked out of the window and tried to figure it out. On the one hand, he did find the ticket, but he hadn't earned it. Somebody must have lost it. But on the other hand, he did need this extra ticket for his great plan!
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Karson stared at the blank name line for a moment.
Paragraph 2:
“Karson, I'd like you to have another ticket!” said Miss Evans.
参考答案与解析
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
语篇解读 本文是一则广告,主要介绍了一些活动项目,其目的是向人们推荐一个放松的场所。
1.B 细节理解题。根据文章首段Bored Lonely Out of condition Need to relax Why not try the SPORTS CENTER 可知,这个广告主要是给人们推荐一个放松的地方。
2.D 细节理解题。根据SWIMMING部分中的Women: Tuesdays and Thursdays. Men: Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.可知,女性的游泳时间是星期二和星期四,男性的游泳时间是星期一、星期三和星期五,所以在体育中心,男性和女性是分开游泳的。
3.C 细节理解题。根据TENNIS、SKIING、SWIMMING、GOLF、 GYMNASTICS、Table tennis、snooker(斯诺克)、darts (掷镖游戏)可知,文章一共提到了八种体育运动。
B
语篇解读 本文是一篇人物传记类的记叙文。文章介绍了香港志愿者黄福荣的事迹。2010年4月14日,玉树发生地震,黄福荣在一所孤儿院中试图救他人时不幸遇难,他把别人的生命置于自己的生命之上。
4.B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的but he went back inside to rescue three other children and three teachers inside, although he knew the danger of aftershocks (余震)可知,Wong在地震中遇难,是因为当时他回去救老师和学生。故选B。A项“当第一次地震发生的时候”,C项“因为他又遭受了严重的疾病”和D项“在他把药和衣服送到了孤儿院之后”的表述均不符合文意。
5.A 词义猜测题。根据第五段中的In 2003, Wong was told by the doctor he got serious illness, which gave him a great blow. However, the illness did not deter the warm-hearted man. 可知,医生告诉Wong他得了重病,这给了他很大的打击。然而,疾病并没有阻止这个热心的人。由句中的However可知前后是转折关系,推知画线词的意思是“阻止”。故选A。B项“拒绝”,C项“打败”和D项“鼓励”均不正确。
6.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The citizens of Hong Kong called him “the pride of Hong Kong's people” and people on the mainland also praised him as “a true hero”.可知,他受到中国人的高度评价。可知B项正确。根据倒数第二段的第一句的内容可知,青海是Wong从2006年之后经常去的城市,故A项“2010年之前,他从未去过青海”错误;根据第四段的第一句的内容可知,他曾经是一名卡车司机,故C项“他去世前是个出租车司机”错误;根据第五段最后一句的内容可知,2008年四川汶川发生地震时,尽管家人不让他去,他还是赶赴什邡灾区提供帮助,由此可推断,他的家人不支持他的志愿活动,故D项“他的家人支持他当志愿者”错误。故选B。
7.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Hong Kong Chief Secretary Henry Tang Ying-yen said he had “the highest respect” for the hero who gave his life to others...可知,之所以有这么多人被Wong的故事深深打动,是因为他把别人的生命置于自己的生命之上。故选C。根据倒数第二段的内容可知,他在孤儿院做志愿活动的时候,帮助分发药品和衣物,但D项“他总是给孤儿院捐钱”未提及。A项“尽管他很穷,他还是帮助孤儿院”和B项“他勇敢地与疾病作斗争”的内容在文中均有涉及,但是纵观全文,最使人感动的还是他牺牲自己的生命来挽救别人生命的事迹,故这三项不选。
C
语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。一场风暴袭击了休斯敦,带来了大量降水,造成城市内洪水泛滥,当地政府提醒人们注意安全。
8.C 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Police and firefighters helped people move to safe places. They also saved people from cars and buses that were stuck on roads.和第二段中的Cars could not pass through any of the area's main roadways.可知,这两段主要在描写大量降水导致休斯敦城市内洪水泛滥,C选项“猛烈的洪水袭击了休斯敦”符合文意。故选C项。
9.B 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句It caused $125 billion worth of damage in Texas. In the Houston area, 36 people died and about 150,000 homes were flooded.可知,席卷得克萨斯州的飓风Harvey造成了巨大的财产损失和人员伤亡,与B选项描述一致。故选B项。
10.D 推理判断题。根据第五段第三句According to the National Weather Service, the Texas Gulf Coast will continue to experience heavy rain later in the week.并结合该段内容可知,人们在周三能稍微松口气,但这一周后面几天降水将会继续,届时洪水将会再次泛滥。故选D项。
11.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段Samuel所说的话As there is too much water on the ground and flash floods are likely to happen, we hope people are careful of what they're doing and encourage them to stay home.可知,Samuel希望人们注意安全,并鼓励他们待在家里,与A选项表述一致。故选A项。
D
语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。日前,科学家公布了人类拍摄的第一张黑洞的照片,这张照片直接证实了爱因斯坦关于黑洞预言的准确性。
12.A 推理判断题。根据第一段可知,第一张黑洞照片的公布证实了爱因斯坦关于黑洞预言的正确性。故选A。B项“爱因斯坦在一个世纪前拍摄了黑洞”,C项“科学家还没有证明黑洞的存在”和D项“黑洞几个世纪以来就为人所知”的表述均不符合文意。
13.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的The scientists used radio signals to capture (拍摄) the black hole's “shadow”可知,科学家使用无线电信号来拍摄黑洞的“阴影”。故选C。
14.B 词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的连词“while”可知,前后是让步关系。根据后面future photos will be clearer as more telescopes are added to the EHT可知,未来的照片将会更清晰,与之相反的是“不清晰的”。由此可判断,blurry意为 “模糊不清的”。故选B。
15.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的The largest, or “Supermassive” black holes, similar to that of M87's可知,M87中心的黑洞属于超大型黑洞。故选D。
第二节
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在户外时,遇到地震的几种逃生方式。
16.D 设空处的前一句提到“为了安然渡过地震,记住这句话:蹲下,找遮蔽物,坚持住”。下文介绍了四个应对地震的方式,D项“如果你在户外,这里有四个帮助你在地震中生存下来的小贴士”承上启下,故选D。
17.F 设空处的前一句提到“远离建筑物、路灯、电线和桥梁”。F项“地震中最危险的位置是建筑物附近的区域”承接上文,切题。故选F。
18.G 设空处的前一句提到“看看附近有没有什么东西可以作为遮蔽物的,比如垃圾桶盖”。G项“如果没有可用的,用你的手和胳膊盖住你的头和脖子”承接上文,切题。故选G。
19.B 设空处是本部分的主题句,下文提到“地震后外出时,小心碎玻璃、碎石、倒下的电线、倒下的树和任何其他潜在的危险”。B项“当你观察周围环境时,要小心危险”可以引出下文,切题。故选B。
20.E 设空处上文提到“如果摇晃持续超过20秒”,E项“不要等待警报或警告后才逃跑”承接上文,切题。且呼应设空处的后一句“到达海拔至少100英尺(30米)或距离海岸2英里(3.2千米)的地面”。故选E。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和Tom Fenton在大海中漂流,毫无目的,也没有获得援助的可能,最后却突然发现有陆地的影子。
21.A 考查动词词义辨析。remember记得;recognize认出;doubt怀疑;see看见,明白。根据文章语境可知,这里讲述的是作者回忆的一次经历,所以推断此处意为“我记不清楚具体的情形”,故选A。
22.C 考查动词词义辨析。pull拉;carry搬;throw扔;put放置。暴风雨持续到第二天晚上,从某种意义上来说,我们能够免于被卷入大海,故选C。
23.D 考查名词词义辨析。shadow阴影;cloud云;wind风;storm暴风雨。由the storm continued into the second night可知,像它来的时候那么快一样,暴风雨去得也快。故选D。
24.B 考查名词词义辨析。sun太阳;star星星;rainbow彩虹;lightning闪电。根据All night the little boat drifted in the open sea可以看出,此处描写的是夜晚的事情,所以推断“乌云散尽,星星出现了”,故选B。
25.D 考查形容词词义辨析。crazy疯狂的;bored厌倦的;sad悲伤的;alive活着的。在波涛汹涌的大海上我与Tom同乘一个救生艇,不知道在哪儿,也不知道会发生什么事,所以推断“只是感到还活着”,故选D。
26.A 考查动词词义辨析。sleep睡觉;talk交谈;play玩;eat吃。由后文We were both exhausted. The next morning, I was 27 by brilliant sunshine.可知,我们非常疲惫,睡着了,而且睡得很沉,故选A。
27.C 考查动词词义辨析。shock使震惊;hurt伤害;awaken(使)醒来;heat加热。由本句中的by brilliant sunshine可知,我被明媚的阳光唤醒,故选C。
28.D 考查名词词义辨析。body身体;face脸;ear耳朵;eye眼睛。根据语境可知,起初耀眼的阳光使我无法看清,后来眼睛适应了光线,故选D。
29.B 考查名词词义辨析。shape形状;water水;bank岸;sky天空。我们漂泊在太平洋上,所以能看到的只有太平洋的深蓝色的水,故选B。
30.A 考查连词词义辨析。now that既然;although尽管;as if好像;unless除非。根据语境,由于暴风雨的危险已经过去,所以我开始为其他事情担忧,故选A。
31.B 考查动词短语辨析。get around克服;worry about担忧;work out计算出;give up放弃。由后文可知,供应中断了,所以为此担忧,也就是开始为别的事情担忧,故选B。
32.C 考查形容词词义辨析。important重要的;ready准备好;gone用完了;broken破损的。由We had no food,no fresh water可知,我们的补给用完了,故选C。
33.C 考查名词词义辨析。forest森林;island岛屿;ocean海洋;river河流。由上文There was nothing but the deep blue 29 of the Pacific in all directions. 可知,目前我们还在太平洋,可能会在这里漂泊几个星期,故选C。
34.D 考查名词词义辨析。wife妻子;doctor医生;patient病人;companion伙伴。由I shared one of the lifeboats with the chief engineer, Tom Fenton.可知,我与Tom Fenton在一起,所以称他为同伴,故选D。
35.B 考查动词词义辨析。ring给……打电话;wake唤醒;dress给……穿衣;bring带来。由前文My 34 was still sleeping.可知,此处指我刚要唤醒他,故选B。
第二节
语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了过去40年来最强的地震引发的海啸冲到了亚洲海岸线,对一些国家造成了影响。
36.killing 考查非谓语动词。句意: 昨日,40年来最强的地震导致海啸冲到了亚洲的海岸线,造成6,500多人死亡。分析句子可知,前面的句子表示原因,后面的分词短语表示直接造成的结果,应用现在分词。故填killing。
37.were swept 考查时态和语态。句意:渔民、游客、旅馆、住宅和汽车被巨浪卷走。主语Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes and cars和提示词sweep之间是被动关系,且文章的整体时态为一般过去时,所以此处需用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were swept。
38.struck 考查时态。句意:海底地震发生在周日早上7点左右,位于印度尼西亚的苏门答腊岛的西海岸附近。由语境可知时态为一般过去时。故填 struck。
39.along 考查介词。句意:印度官员表示,南部沿海地区有多达1,900人死亡。根据句意,此处应表示“南部沿海地区”。along作介词,意为“沿着”。故填along。
40.dead 考查形容词。句意:另有 254 人被发现死于泰国,54 人死于其他三个国家。此处作主语补足语,说明主语的状态,应用形容词。故填dead。
41.when 考查连词。句意:我和我的三个孩子正在吃早餐,这时水开始涌入我家。此处是固定句型was/were doing...when...意为“正在做……这时……”。故填when。
42.safety 考查名词。此处表示“我们不得不放下所有东西跑到安全的地方”。该空作空前介词to的宾语,应用名词,safety意为“安全处所”时,是不可数名词。故填safety。
43.to grow 考查固定搭配。句意:成千上万的人仍然失踪,死亡人数预计在未来几天会变得更高。根据固定搭配be expected to do sth.(预计做某事)可知,此处需填动词不定式。故填to grow。
44.is being organized 考查时态和语态。句意:(各国)正在为遭受海啸袭击的国家组织外国援助。此处表示目前正在进行的动作,应用现在进行时。主语aid和提示词之间是被动关系。所以此处需用现在进行时的被动语态,aid作“援助,帮助”讲时是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。故填is being organized。
45.However 考查副词。句意:然而,危险的条件和受损的道路将使运送食物和物资变得困难。设空处前提到“正在组织援助”,后文却提到“危险的条件和受损的道路将使运送食物和物资变得困难”,前后是转折关系。故填However。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Jack,
Thank you for your letter and telling me your new plan for the new year. We have moved into our new school. In order to build a “green school”, I would like to call on my classmates to make it.
First, to beautify our school, we are going to plant more trees on our campus. Recycling is always the best method for protecting the environment. So, second, we will recycle bottles,plastic bags and waste newspapers. Furthermore, we will make an effort to save energy at school. For example, we will turn off electrical appliances the moment they are not being used.
I believe the united efforts can make our school a real “green school”. Do you think so
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
Karson stared at the blank name line for a moment. He knew his plan wouldn't be so great if he won with a ticket that didn't belong to him. So he walked up to his teacher. “Miss Evans, I happened to find this ticket on the floor near the bookcase. I think the one who lost it will look for it,” he said, dropping it on her desk. When he turned around to leave, the teacher stopped him.
Paragraph 2:
“Karson, I'd like you to have another ticket!” said Miss Evans. Karson was amazed and wondered why. Miss Evans smiled and signed to the class to quiet down, “Karson handed in the golden ticket he had just found. I think he is honest and deserves another one!” The class burst into loud applause. Karson happily went back to his seat, eagerly expecting the ticket drawing. He still wanted his name to be picked, but he would feel OK even if it wasn't. After all, making the right choice did make him feel great!