河南省新乡十中英才重点学校2022届高三上学期11月第二周考英语试卷（Word版含答案，无听力试题）

河南省新乡十中英才学校2022届高三上学期11月第二周考英语试卷
A
Swimming Holes in America In America,these secret swimming holes are hidden and hard to reach but well worth the adventure.
Cummins Falls
Looking for the best place to escape the summer heat in the heartland of America？For more than 100 years,Cummins Falls,a scenic,75-foot waterfall located in Jackson County,TN，has been a treasure for Tennessee natives.But now,the secret is out!Although it's a bit tough to get to,once in the park,the mountains and river provide unmatched beauty on your way to taking a swim in Tennessee's eighth-largest waterfall.
Sliding Rock
A popular place to cool off during those hot North Carolina summers,Sliding Rock waterfall is located in the Pisgah National Forest in Transylvania County.A flattened rock about 60 feet lies in a nearly 7-foot-deep pool at the bottom,making this natural waterslide a great place to visit with people of all ages.
Mooney Falls
It is the tallest water feature in the Grand Canyon,rising 190 feet above the surface.Named after an explorer in the 1800s,Mooney Falls is accessible only by crawling（爬）through 2 underground passages and then climbing down a sheer cliff（峭壁）face with just a couple of chains to hold on to.Although it is tough to get to,the view and the cool alone make it worth the trip.
Lihue Estate
A private swimming hole at the old Lihue Sugar Farm on Kauai,HI，was changed into an inner-tube water ride by Kauai Backcountry Adventures in 2003 and opened to adults.The waters for this 2.5-mile journey,which come from near the top of Mount Waialeale—one of the wettest spots in the world—are channeled through ditches（沟渠）that were hand-dug by farm workers over a century ago.
1. Which hole may be the favourable destination for families？ ______
A. Lihue Estate. B. Sliding Rock.
C. Mooney Falls. D. Cummins Falls.
2. What can we learn about Mooney Falls from the text？ ______
A. It was found by an explorer.
B. It was hand-dug in the 1800s.
C. It is dangerous to arrive there.
D. It is the tallest fall in the world.
3. What is special about Lihue Estate？ ______
A. It is man-made.
B. It is a private area.
C. Its water is from underground.
D. It lies on the top of Mount Waialeale.
B
Have you ever thrown a camel？Camels are large and heavy animals,so it would be hard to throw.But in the French-speaking Democratic Republic of the Congo, "to throw a camel" is a way of saying "to make a spelling mistake".
In the past,a phrase like that was not accepted by the French government as an official French term.But recently,the French Ministry of Culture worked on a new kind of dictionary that accepts the idea that many people outside of France speak the language.The language has changed over time and is different in places like Ivory Coast in West Africa or Quebec in Canada,compared to how it is in Paris.
A new online dictionary,called the French speakers' dictionary,includes new French words from around the world.It was released on March 18—just in time for International French Speaker's Day on March 20.
Supporters say the new Internet dictionary is more democratic than earlier French dictionaries that only showed the way highly educated French people spoke.The new dictionary includes unofficial words like "pourriel"，which means an unwanted email if you are in Canada.It is a word based on "courriel"，which just means an email.
French President Emmanuel Macron proposed the idea of the dictionary in 2018.It now contains about 600.000 terms,Roselyne Bachelot is the French Culture Minister.She said the dictionary is not just for France's 67 million citizens,but for the 300 million French speakers worldwide.
The aim,supporters say,is to recognize the way language changes.Words and expressions included in the dictionary come from over 50 countries—even from the United States Some people in the southern U.S.state of Louisiana speak French.
People can see the dictionary on a website or with an app.Users can also send in new words they think should be included.Official dictionaries produced by the French Academy in Paris were first published hundreds of years ago and are regularly updated.
4. What do we mean if we say a man "throws a camel" in French？ ______
A. He talks big. B. He is very strong.
C. He makes a joke. D. He misspells a word.
5. What is the purpose of the publication date of the new online dictionary？ ______
A. To celebrate an event. B. To honor foreign users.
C. To draw more attention. D. To meet an urgent need.
6. Where does the word "pourriel" come from？ ______
A. French. B. An email. C. A holiday. D. Canada.
7. What can people do with the new dictionary？ ______
A. Update it regularly.
B. Recommend new words to it.
C. Change the meaning of its words.
D. Regard it as an official dictionary.
C
Scientists say baby sharks are at risk of being born smaller and without the energy they need to survive because of warming oceans from climate change.
Scientists studied epaulette sharks,which live off Australia and New Guinea.They found that warmer conditions sped up the sharks' growing process.That meant the sharks were born earlier and very tired.The findings could be used in the study of other sharks,including those that give birth to live young.
The scientists studied 27 sharks.Some were raised in average summer water temperatures,about 27 degrees Celsius.Others were raised in higher temperatures around 29 degrees Celsius and 31 degrees Celsius.They found that the sharks raised in the warmest temperatures weighed much less than those raised in average temperatures.They also showed reduced energy levels.
Epaulette sharks can grow to a length of about one meter.Their name comes from large spots on their bodies that look like decorations on some military clothing.
One study this year found that worldwide numbers of oceania sharks and rays dropped more than 70 percent between 1970 and 2018.Overfishing is a main concern,while climate change and pollution also threaten shark.
Carolyn Wheeler is a doctoral student at the University of Massachusetts Boston and with the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies at James Cook University in Australia.She was the lead author of the epaulette shark study.She said that while all the sharks survived,those raised in warmer temperatures were not strong enough to survive for long in the wild.
She added that if the sharks are born smaller than usual "they are probably going to have to start looking for food sooner—and they're going to have less time to adjust to their surroundings." The study should serve as a warning to ocean governing agencies that careful management is needed to prevent the loss of more sharks.
8. In what aspect do the warmer conditions affect the baby sharks？ ______
A. Their food. B. Their body weight.
C. Their living habits. D. Their moving route.
9. How did the scientists carry out their study？ ______
A. By studying former data.
B. By tracking sharks in the wild.
C. By collecting information about climate change.
D. By comparing sharks in waters of different temperatures.
10. What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about？ ______
A. The origin of sharks' names.
B. The sharks' appearance.
C. The threats to sharks' survival.
D. The sharks' living environment.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Scientists Raise Sharks to Deal with Problems
B. Global Warming Has Reduced Shark Populations
C. Baby Sharks Struggle to Survive in Warming Oceans
D. Scientists Are Struggling to Save Sharks from Extinction
D
Thermoelectric generators（热力发电机）turn waste heat into electricity without producing greenhouse gas emissions,like a free lunch.But the high cost of these devices has prevented their widespread use.Now,researchers have found a way to make cheap thermoelectrics that work just as well.The work could pave the way for greener car engines,and other energy-generating devices.
"This looks like a very smart way to realize high performance," says Li-Dong Zhao,a materials scientist.He notes there are still a few more steps before these materials can become high-performing.However,he says, "This will be used in the not too far future."
Thermoelectrics are semiconductor devices placed on a hot surface.That gives them a hot side and a cool side.If a device allows the hot side to warm up the cool side,the electricity stops flowing.A device's success at preventing this,as well as its ability to conduct electrons,feeds into a score known as the figure of merit（优值系数），or ZT.
Researchers have produced thermoelectric materials with increasing ZTs.The record came in 2014 when Mercouri Kanatzidis came up with a tin selenide（硒化物）with a ZT of 3.1.Yet the material was too fragile to work with. "For practical applications,it's a non-star-ter," Kanatzidis says.
Getting through that door will still take some time.The tin selenide the team makes is mixed with Na,creating a "p-type" material that conducts positive charges.To make working devices,researchers also need an "n-type" version to conduct negative charges.
Zhao's team is now working on making an n-type version.Once successful,researchers should have a clear path to making a new generation of super-efficient thermoelectric generators.Those could be installed everywhere from automobile exhaust pipes to water heaters and industrial smelters to scavenge some of the 65% of fossil fuel energy that winds up as waste heat.
12. The first paragraph wants to tell us ______ .
A. The wide use of thermoelectric generators
B. The devices of current thermoelectric generators
C. The reason why researchers make cheap thermoelectrics
D. The greener car engines that contribute to environmental protection
13. How does Li-Dong Zhao feel about cheap thermoelectric generators？ ______
A. Indifferent. B. Optimistic. C. Critical. D. Worried.
14. What do you know about the research in 2014 from paragraph 4 and 5？ ______
A. It was far from a success for practical applications.
B. A tin selenide with a ZT of 3.1 can be easy to work with.
C. Researchers made an "n-type" version to make working devices.
D. A "p-type" material made from the tin selenide conducts negative charges.
15. What does the underlined word "scavenge" in the last paragraph mean？ ______
A. Recycle. B. Produce. C. Clean. D. Increase.
Signs You Might Be Dehydrated（脱水的） Dehydration is a big problem in the summer months.Unfortunately,knowing when you begin to dehydrate isn't always easy.So,as summer heats up,here are a few secret signs that you need to drink as soon as possible.
Your breath smells or your mouth is dry.There is a potential relationship that links dehydration and less than-pleasant breath.When you're dehydrated,you don't produce as much saliva（唾液）. (1) So if you notice your breath is a little smelly,it could be a red flag that you need to drink a glass or two of H2O.
(2) Dehydration can actually temporarily shrink brain tissue,and that shrinkage may cause pain.Such pain is a really common sign of slight to middle dehydration,and it can be either tolerable or serious.
Your pee（尿液）is dark.One way health professionals diagnose dehydration is by testing a patient's pee to see if it's too concentrated.But it can also help to do an easy check at home.Simply look at the color of your pee.If it's pale yellow,you're hydrated.If it's a darker yellow,it's time for a glass of water. (3)
You're hungry.Thirst and hunger signs always come together. (4) So if you find that you're feeling hungry soon after eating,it's worth considering whether the real reason is thirst.
(5) Staying hydrated is a really key part of maintaining energy throughout the day.Not getting enough water to support the body to do their functions can make you feel like you're dragging.Plus,hydration can have a direct effect on sleep quality.
A.You're tired.
B.You have a headache.
C.You feel like you have a summer "flu".
D.While this isn't a guarantee,it could be a sign.
E.They are both produced in the same region of your brain.
F.The liquid helps break down food and brings it from your mouth.
G.In general,the more you drink,the clearer your liquid waste should be.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
Seven years earlier,I stood at the golden gate of retirement.As I(21)what I would do next,I recalled a volunteer role called "baby cuddler" in the NICU at one of the local hospitals.I had long(22)to be one but just never had the time.I had always loved the(23)environment,both in work and volunteer settings.Wanting to be a nurse when I was younger but never realizing the dream only helped fuel my(24).
As a brand-new volunteer,I started out a little on the(25)side,and it showed.My first day(26)，I forgot where the sinks were for hand washing—and I walked right past them.If a baby I held cried,I would just rock faster.I(27)every nursery rhyme I could remember,and the babies(28)me by crying louder.
I thought bark to my earliest baby-holding days when I was only six years old and(29)my first little nephew.I was excited to be trusted.By age twenty,I had nine nieces and nephews.I've had a lot of(30)in holding babies.And it seemed to(31).The baby might sense my confidence,quickly(32)and fell asleep.
Gone are my nerve-filled,(33)days as a new volunteer.I am now frequently asked to have a new volunteer shadow me as I work.I am happy to share all I have learned.I openly share my(34)，hoping them not to do what I did.And I also share the joys,telling them this is the perfect volunteer job for me.I(35)love volunteering here!
21. A. realized B. wondered C. concluded D. doubted
22. A. hated B. demanded C. desired D. feared
23. A. education B. growth C. healthcare D. production
24. A. ambition B. kindness C. pride D. enthusiasm
25. A. curious B. romantic C. nervous D. patient
26. A. on duty B. at present C. in hospital D. on line
27. A. wrote B. sang C. recorded D. taught
28. A. reminded B. rewarded C. supported D. urged
29. A. held B. raised C. protected D. trained
30. A. service B. data C. experience D. belief
31. A. fail B. begin C. happen D. work
32. A. gave up B. turned around C. kept on D. settled down
33. A. comfortable B. forgetful C. relaxing D. peaceful
34. A. shortcomings B. adventures C. intentions D. expectations
35. A. initially B. randomly C. constantly D. absolutely
36. Michael Collins,the Apollo 11 command module（舱）pilot and first astronaut（1）______（travel）the far side of the moon alone,has died of cancer at the age of 90.
"Today the nation lost a true pioneer and lifelong advocate for（2）______（explore）in astronautics," NASA Administrator Steve Jurczyk said in a statement published on Wednesday. "As the pilot of the Apollo 11 command module—some called him 'the loneliest man in his story'—while his（3）______（colleague）walked on the moon for the first time,he helped our nation achieve a definite milestone."
On that famous mission,Collins worked alone in the command module "Columbia" for 21.5 hours,during（4）______the module floated behind the moon, previously reported.In the last moments before he temporarily lost contact（5）______Mission Control Centre,he wrote,"I am alone now,truly alone,and absolutely isolated from any known life.I am it.If a count were taken,the score would be 3 billion on earth plus two over on the other side of the moon,and one who knows what's on this side." Hence,Collins（6）______（earn）the nickname "loneliest man in history".He's also been called the "forgotten astronaut" since he was on the Apollo 11 mission（7）______never walked on the moon as Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin did that day,NPR reported.
Regarding Collins' passing,his family said,"He spent his final days（8）______（peaceful），with his family by his side," according to the NASA statement. "Please join（9）______（we）in fondly and joyfully remembering his sharp intelligence,his quiet sense of purpose,and his wise insight,gained both from looking back at Earth from the best position of space and（10）______（stare）across calm waters from the deck of his fishing boat," they wrote.
37. 假定你是李华，你的美国网友Peter对"中国成人礼（Chinese coming-of-age ceremony）"很感兴趣。请用英语给他写一封信，以中国传统的"冠笄之礼"为例向他做一个简要介绍，内容包括：
1.在18岁，中国男孩要行"冠礼Guan Li"，女孩行"笄礼Ji Li"；
2."冠笄之礼"上，青少年要宣誓爱国家，爱人民，爱家人；
3.通过仪式，青少年感悟中国传统文化，提升个人精神素养。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
I think the coming of age depends entirely on where children live and what culture they grow up in.__________.
Looking forward to your letter about the coming of age of the United States.
Yours,
Li Hua
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I grew up in a large family of twelve siblings（兄弟姐妹）.We weren't poor by most standards,but things were definitely tight for us.My parents never shared their financial worries.Instead,they chose to let us have a carefree childhood.But despite their consideration,I knew,as children often do,that there were times they went without and that certain things my friends had wouldn't be available to me.
Back in those days,hot lunch was a luxury for the wealthier kids,and hot-lunch buyers sat separately from the students who brought cold lunch.My siblings and I brought lunch from home every day：thick slices of homemade bread hiding one scant slice of bologna,three oatmeal cookies,and a small apple.We would look on longingly as the rich kids proudly sat down with their steaming plates of fried chicken or fish sticks and potato puffs,cartons of cold milk,chilled peaches and a slice of cake.
I never said anything,but my first grade teacher,Mrs.Caruso,must have seen the desire in my eyes.One day she quietly pressed a note into my hand and whispered, "Give this to your mother."
I skipped home and gave my mom the note.She read it and smiled. "Well,Mrs.Caruso said because of all your hard work,she wants to buy your lunch tomorrow." The next day,I proudly carried my tray of chicken fricassee across the cafeteria and took my seat at the hot-lunch table.Honestly,the food wasn't as great as I had imagined,but I was pleased to be there and felt honored to be a part of the group.
One rainy day,Mrs.Caruso asked me to stay after school.My stomach instantly dropped to the floor.Surely,I must be in trouble!Did she know I hadn't finished my math sheet？Did she see me teasing Billy on the playground？
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After the other students had left,Mrs,Caruso said she was going to finish her work and then drive me home.__________.
I don't know why Mrs.Caruso helped my family.__________.
39. 答案
1.【答案】
【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】A
4.【答案】
【小题1】D 【小题2】A 【小题3】D 【小题4】B
8.【答案】
【小题1】B 【小题2】D 【小题3】C 【小题4】C
12.【答案】
【小题1】C 【小题2】B 【小题3】A 【小题4】A
16.【答案】
【小题1】F 【小题2】B 【小题3】G 【小题4】E 【小题5】A
21.【答案】
【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】C 【小题4】D 【小题5】C
【小题6】A 【小题7】B 【小题8】B 【小题9】A 【小题10】C
【小题11】D 【小题12】D 【小题13】B 【小题14】A 【小题15】D
36.【答案】
（1）to travel.
（2）exploration
（3）colleagues.
（4）which.
（5）with.
（6）earned.
（7）but.
（8）peacefully.
（9）us.
（10）staring
37.【答案】Dear Peter,
I think the coming of age depends entirely on where children live and what culture they grow up in.（不同文化背景和地域成人礼）
In some parts of China,there has recently been a popularity of the Chinese Confucian-style coming-of-age ceremonies Ji Li （for girls） and Guan Li （for boys）.The ceremonies typically honor youths who have turned 18 and provide a fun opportunity to wear traditional dress,hanfu.【高分句型一】They promise to love and serve their homeland,people and families.（介绍中国的成人礼的礼仪）
Chinese coming-of-age ceremony,allowing teenagers to understand the charm of Chinese traditional culture,is also of great significance for the young generation to study Chinese traditional formality and improve their personal spiritual quality.【高分句型二】（成人礼的影响和意义）
Looking forward to your letter about the coming of age of the United States.（期盼回信）
Yours,
Li Hua
38.【答案】Paragraph1：
After the other students had left,Mrs.Caruso said she was going to finish her work and then drive me home.It was raining,and she knew I had a long walk.We pulled up at my house and she got out,taking out a few bags on the porch.【高分句型一】 "Tell your mom I had a few extra things she might want," she said Then she drove away.Inside the bags were clothes,toys,and books.That summer,Mrs.Caruso invited us all to her home.She gave us lemonade and sugar cookies,and we were amazed at the fancy fruits in her backyard.（老师帮助作者及家人）
Paragraph2：
I don't know why Mrs.Caruso helped my family.Maybe she also grew up in a family that struggled.Maybe she knew what it was like to feel just a little less than everyone else.【高分句型二】Somehow,even with her quiet char-ity,she never made me feel ashamed.She just made me feel loved and important.Thanks to her,I learned that I had just as much night as anyone to sit at the hot-lunch table.I don't remember what Mrs.Caruso looked like anymore,but I do remember how she made me feel.I've never lost that feeling of being important to someone and being protected by her.After all these years,I'm still grateful to that wonderful teacher.（作者被老师帮助的感受）