2022届高考英语二轮复习：独立主格全解课件（15张ppt）

(共15张PPT)
独立主格作状语，是状语从句的简化，修饰整个句子
简单理解: 就是非谓语动词有自己的逻辑主语，而非主句的逻辑主语
关系上：逻辑主语和非谓语动词存在主谓关系或者主系表关系。
When the job was finished, the secretary went home.
= The job finished , the secretary went home.
工作做完了，秘书就回家了。
分析： The job was finnished.(主系表结构）
按照分词做状语的化简： The job (being）finished
省略being 就变成了 The job finished.
做题方法：
1. 一定把连接词when 去掉
2. 把be动词去掉
3. 保留主语和表语
4. 独立主格与主句一定有逗号。
5. 不能出现连词
独立主格作状语，是状语从句的简化，修饰整个句子
形式：① 名词/代词+现在分词，+ 句子（主句）
we will have a picnic if weather permits.
= we will have a picnic , weather permitting. 如果天气允许，我们就出去浪
判别： 现在分词的逻辑主语和主句的主语不是同一人。
独立主格位置随意，与主句用逗号隔开。
去掉连词（引导状语从句的连接词）
名词与现在分词存在主谓关系（主动语态）
独立主格=状语，修饰整个句子
形式：② 名词/代词+过去分词，+ 句子（主句）
When the task was completed, we had a global travelling.
=The task completed, we had a global travelling.
完成任务后，我进行了一次环球旅行。
判别： 过去分词的逻辑主语和主句的主语不是同一人。
独立主格位置随意，与主句用逗号隔开。
名词与过去分词存在动宾关系（被动语态）
独立主格=状语从句，修饰整个句子
形式：③名词/代词+动词不定式（表示将来，动作未发生）+ 句子（主句）
Lots of homework to do, the boy goes home quickly.
因为有许多作业要做，男孩快速回家了。
判别：
常作原因状语来理解
动词不定式的逻辑主语和主句的主语不是同一人。
独立主格位置随意，与主句用逗号隔开。
独立主格=状语从句，修饰整个句子
形式：③名词/代词+动词不定式（表示将来，动作未发生）+ 句子（主句）
his friends to come tonight, he is busy preparing the dinner.
= Because his friends are to come tonight, he is busy preparing the dinner
因朋友今晚要来，他这个忙着准备晚餐。
No one to wake me up, i might be late for the first class.
= if no one were to wake me up, I might be late for the first class.( 虚拟）
独立主格=状语从句，修饰整个句子
形式：⑤ 名词/代词+（being) 形容词，+ 句子（主句）
The boy asleep, the woman went to work.
= Because the boy was asleep, the woman went to work.
判别：
形容词的逻辑主语和主句的主语不是同一人。
独立主格位置随意，与主句用逗号隔开。
形容词说明其前面的名词的性质或状态或与原因等
独立主格=状语从句，修饰整个句子
形式：⑤ 名词/代词+ 形容词，+ 句子（主句）
Because the floor is wet and sloppery, we must be careful.
=The floor wet and slippery, we must be careful.
因为地板又湿又滑，我们必须小心。
I heard that she gor injuried, so my heart was full of anxiety.
I heard that she got injuried , my heart full of anxiety.
听说她受伤了， 我很担忧。
独立主格=状语从句，修饰整个句子
形式：⑤ 名词/代词+ (being)+名词，+ 句子（主句）其中 being 省略
Many people come to visit the city, most of them (being )foreigners.
= Many people come to visit the city , and most of them are foreigners.
判别：
独立主格位置随意，与主句用逗号隔开。
名词与其后的名词是同位语，对前面的名词进行补充说明
独立主格=状语从句，修饰整个句子
形式：⑥ 名词/代词+ (being) + 副词
School over, we all went home.
= Because scool was over, we all went home.
we all fell asleep, all the lights on.
所有灯还开着我们就睡着了。
独立主格位置随意，与主句用逗号隔开。
名词与其后的副词是主系表关系
独立主格=状语从句，修饰整个句子
形式：⑥ 名词/代词+ + 介词短语
He entered the room, book in hand.
= He entered the room ,with a book in his hand.
She came in, smile on face.
= She came in, with a smile on her face .
判别： 在表示方式的独立主格中， 为了简洁，逻辑主语+介词短语 中的冠词和代词都省略。
独立主格=状语从句，修饰整个句子
注意： 独立主格中两种情况不省略being.
1. There being +名词 （There be 句型）
There being no bus, we had to walk home.
由于没有车，我们只好步行回家。
2. It being +名词（逻辑主语是代词的情况下）
It being Sunday, all the offices are closed.
因为是周日，所有办公室都关闭了。
独立主格=状语从句，修饰整个句子
with/ without +复合宾语 （宾语+宾语补足语）注意： without 不能省略
常常作伴随状语；原因状语，也可作定语。
非谓语动词的独立主格都可以在前面加上with/ without.
With her sister out, he had to stay home alone.（with+名词+副词）
因为姐姐出去了， 他只好独自在家。
Without any game to play, the boy looked upset.（with+名词+不定式）
没有任何游戏玩，小孩很难过
Without anyone noticing , i stole the money.（with+名词+现在分词）
无人注意，我偷走了钱。
独立主格=状语从句，修饰整个句子
with/ without +复合宾语 （宾语+宾语补足语）
He stood at the door, with a computer in his hand.（with+名词+介词短语）
他站在门边，手里拿着电脑。
With his work done, the boy went out to paly.（with+名词+过去分词）
因为作业写完了， 男孩出去玩了。
with the story boring, the boy fell asleep.（with+名词+形容词）
因为故事很无聊， 男孩睡着了。
特殊独立主格=副词，位于句首，修饰整个句子（固定搭配)
Generally speaking, 一般而言
Generally speaking, men are stronger than women,
Frankly speaking 坦白讲
Strictly speaking 严格讲
judging from his appearance, 从外表看
taking of ... 谈到...
according to sb 根据某人的说法
Seeing that +从句， 既然.....