Unit6: Key sentence structure
1. -Where is Water Bay on the map of Garden City
-It's in the north of the map.
表示“在地图上”时，应用介词on。
表示地图上的方位时，应使用介词in。此时它表示的是在地图“中”的位置。例如：
In the east of the map, we can find a department store. 在地图上的东部，我们可以看到一家百货商店。
2. It takes about forty minutes.
句型“It takes+时间”表示“做某事花了多长时间”。通常还可以用“It takes+ sb. +some time to do sth.”的句型，表示“某人花了多少时间做某事”。例如：
It takes five hours to travel from Shanghai to Nanchang by train. 从上海至南昌坐火车需五小时。
It takes me about an hour to finish my homework every day.我每天花大约一小时的时间完成作业。
It took us four hours to make a model plane yesterday.昨天我们花了四小时制作一架模型飞机。
【注意】句中谓语动词take要根据上下文来确定其时态。另外，句型It takes sb. some time to do sth. 可以和sb. spends some time (in) doing sth这个句型互相转换。上面两个例句可分别改写成:
I spend an hour (in) finishing my homework every day.
We spent four hours (in) making a model plane yesterday.
3. Is it convenient to go shopping in your new neighbourhood
It is+形容词+to do sth.”的结构常用来表示“（做某事）很（怎么样）”的意思。it不是句子真正的主语，它替代了to do sth. 的部分，我们称之为“形式主语”，而把动词不定式部分称为“真实主语”。例如：
It is difficult to learn French. 法语是很难学的。
It is exciting to watch a football match. 看足球赛是一件令人兴奋的事。
【注意】这两个句子还可改写成：
Learning French is difficult.
Watching a football match is exciting.
4. There aren't any shops or restaurants.
not any是“什么都没有”的意思，与no意思相近。本句可改写为：
There are no shops or restaurants. 例如：
They didn't find any flour in the kitchen. 他们在厨房里一点面粉都没找到。
可改写为：They found no flour in the kitchen.
5. When we lived in the city centre, we got up late and walked to school.
(1) when是时间状语从句的引导词，意为“当……的时候”。例如：
Go to bed early, or you will get up late again tomorrow. 早点睡觉，否则明天你起床又晚了。
When I was about eight, I got a book about stars. 我八岁的时候，得到了一本关于星星的书。
when引导的从句部分，可以位于主句前，也可以位于主句后。当从句位于主句前时，从句后须加“，”。例如：
The sky went dark when we arrived. 我们到达的时候，天黑了。
本句可改写为：When we arrived, the sky went dark.
【知识拓展】在用when引导的时间状语从旬中，主句和从句的动作可以是同时发生的，也可以是先后的，从句中
的动作可以是短暂的，也可以是持续的。例如：
What were you doing when your teacher came into the classroom 当老师进教室的时候，你们正在做什么？
The boy fell asleep when he was reading. 这个男孩读书的时候睡着了。
We were going home when it began to rain. 开始下雨的时候，我们正在回家的路上。
(2)get up late意为“晚起”。get up是“起床”的意思，反义词组是go to bed(去睡觉)。
walk to school相当于go to school on foot, 意为“步行上学”。
3. It's winter because people are wearing warm clothes and gloves.
because是用来引导原因状语从句的从属连词，意为“因为”，表达句子间的因果关系。例如：
I turn on the air conditioner because the students feel very hot. 因为学生们感到很热，所以我打开了空调。
【友情提示】because可以和so作句型转换，但是两个词不可同时在一句话中出现。以上例句可以改写为：
The students feel very hot, so I turn on the air conditioner.
【活学活用6】
Ⅰ. Find the word or expression to replace the underlined part in the sentence.
A. not much B. causing excitement C. put on D. understand E. at last F. ground
( ) 1. There is not a lot of rain in winter.
( ) 2. The students need to wear school uniforms.
( ) 3. They waited and waited for something exciting to happen.
( ) 4. I found some beautiful flowers at the bottom of the hill.
( ) 5. I don't catch your words. Could you say them again
( ) 6. Class 3 won the basketball match in the end.
Ⅱ. Choose the best answer. (选择正确的答案。)
( )1 Which do you prefer, the sweet one the sour one
A. and B. or C. with D. but
( )2 They're the twins, their height is quite different.
A. but B. or C. then D. with
( )3 The life in the city is than that in the countryside.
A. more interesting B. much interesting
C. busy D. much busy
( )4 Deepwater Bay Road is the map Garden City.
A. on ... for B. in ... of C. on ... of D. in ... for
( )5 It me about 20 minutes to go to school every morning.
took B. takes C. costs D. spends
( )6 — What season is it in picture
— Autumn.
A. the forth B. four C. fourth D. the fourth
( )7 City life is quite different country life.
A. with B. from C. to D. about
( )8 it is summer now, a lot of people are at the swimming pool.
A. So B. For C. Because D. But
( )9 Listen, could you any noise
A. hear B. listen to C. listen D. find
( )10 My new flat is the south of Old Town.
A. in B. on C. at D. to
Ⅲ. Rewrite the sentences as required. (按要求改写句子。)
Ben usually does his homework before supper. (改为一般疑问句)
Ben usually his homework before supper
He has already learnt to drive a car. (改为否定句)
He learnt to drive a car .
Alice likes orange juice better than cola. (保持原句意思)
Alice orange juice cola.
Peter goes to visit his grandma once a month. (对划线部分提问)
does Peter go to visit his grandma
Unit7: Key sentence structure
1. This sign tells us how and where to go.
This sign tells us how to do something.
在上述两个句子中，均使用了“疑问词+带to的动词不定式”作宾语的结构，其作用相当于一个宾语从句。
上述两句可改写为：
This sign tells us how and where we can go.
This sign tells us how we can do something.
2. The player who rolls a six on the dice goes first.
who rolls a six on the dice补充说明player，是一个定语从句，用来修饰主语the player，省略它的话句子就成了The player goes first．这样的句子表意就不够明确了。因此，这个定语从句在句中是必不可少的。
3. The first person to get to the FINISH sign wins the game.
to get to the FINISH sign是the first person的后置定语，用于修饰the first person，补充说明是怎样的“第一人”。
4. What kind of sign is this
句型“what kind of十名词”表示询问事物的种类，其中的名词可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词。
例如:
What kind of people would you like to make friends with 你想和什么样的人交朋友？
What kind of food would you like to have for dinner 晚饭你想吃什么？
【活学活用7】
Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given words. (用所给词的适当形式填空。)
People may lose their (life) in a fire.
We can see this sign in a (swim) pool.
I can clean the room by (I).
Are there any shops (nearly) your school
The wind is becoming much (strong). I have to stay at home.
I like the (love) present.
Fill in the blanks with the given verbs in their proper forms. (用所给动词的适当形式填空)
The class (begin) in a few minutes. Let's hurry up.
Can I ( borrow) your dictionary
It (rain) outside. Let's stay at home and watch TV.
Peter wants (be) a fireman when he grows up.
Unit8: Key sentence structure
1. Mr Hu and the students are spending their weekend at Health Camp.
(1) spend one’s weekend意为“度周末”。spend除了意为“花费（金钱）”之外，还有“度过”的意思。例如：
Let’s spend a day out together tomorrow. 明天我们一起出去玩一天吧！
Where are you going to spend your holiday 你准备到哪里去度假？
(2)at Health Camp意为“在健康度假营”。这里的camp为名词，意为“度假营；营地”。
2. -I don't like swimming.
-Neither do I.
-I like playing badminton.
-So do I.
(1) neither是副词，意为“也不”，常常用于倒装句的开头，紧跟在一个否定句后面。常用结构为：Neither+助动词／情态动词+主语。
-He didn’t finish his homework on time. 他没有按时完成作业。
-Neither did I. 我也没有。
(2) so是副词，意为“也”，常常用于倒装句的开头，紧跟在一个肯定句后面。常用结构为：So+助动词／情态动词+主语。
-My brother likes eating fish. 我哥哥喜欢吃鱼。
-So do I. 我也喜欢。
【注意】 neither和so后面的助动词或情态动词应与前句谓语的时态、形式相一致。
3. No, I don't want to read very much today.
not…very much是“不怎么……”的意思。very much常用来修饰动词，意为“很；非常”，是much的强调语气。例如：
She doesn't like him very much. 她不怎么喜欢他。
指点迷津：too much, too many, much too的区别
(1) too much+不可数名词。例如：
I don’t have too much time. 我没有太多时间。
(2) too many+可数名词复数。例如：
She eats too many sweets. 她吃了太多的糖果。
(3) much too+形容词或副词。例如：
The garden is much too beautiful.这个花园大漂亮了。
4. There’s a cartoon called ‘Computer War’.
called是“被叫做……；名叫……”的意思。例如：
I have a friend called Happy. 我有个名叫“快乐”的朋友。
5. You did not eat enough fruit.
enough+可数／不可数名词 表示“足够的……”。例如：
They have enough time to do the work. 他们有足够的时间完成工作。
Are there enough desks for all the students 有足够的课桌给所有学生用吗？
【友情提示】
(1) enough与名词连用时，还可用“可数／不可数名词+enough”的结构。例如：
Are there books enough for us 有足够的书给我们用吗？
(2) enough与形容词连用时，放在被修饰的形容词后。例如：
It's warm enough to swim. 天气足够暖和，可以游泳了。
【活学活用8】
I Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given words.
1 She needs a lot of money (save) her mother's life.
2 Let's (have) the barbecue on Sunday afternoon.
3 He can (help) us a lot.
4 We love (eat) spicy food very much.
5 (welcome) to our Health Camp.
Ⅱ Choose the best answer.
( ) 1 Shall we have some prawns and rice____________dinner tonight
A. on B. at C. for D. in
( ) 2 Shall we have some bananas
A. too B. also C. either D. neither
( ) 3 Danny plenty of delicious food and drinks the day before yesterday.
A. had B. drank C. ate D. eats
( ) 4 Ben watched TV for 45 hours last week and his eyes hurt. So he has watched_____________TV last week.
A. too many B. too long C. too much D. enough
( ) 5 Betty used to school, but now she_____________to school by bus.
A. walking ... goes B. walking ... is going
C. to walk ... goes D. to walk ... is going
( ) 6 He'd like some English songs at the party.
A. singing B. to sing C. to singing D. sings
( ) 7 — have some fresh fruit
— Yes, that's a good idea.
A. Shall we B. Let's C. Would you like D. May I
( ) 8 Danny, you are getting fatter and fatter. You mustn't eat_____________ meat.
A. too many B. too much C. too few D. too little
( ) 9 --We will go to a party this coming Saturday.
--_______________.
A. Neither do they. B. So do they.
C. Neither will they. D. So will they.
( ) 10 I'm going to play_____________ computer games and do_____________exercise.
A. fewer ... more B. less ... more
C. fewer ... less D. less ... fewer
Unit9: Key sentence structure
1. 温度的读法：
200℃应读作two hundred degrees centigrade/Celsius.
【知识拓展】degree n. 度；度数 Centigrade n. 百分度的；摄氏温度计的 Celsius adj. 摄氏的
2. Firstly, mix 50 grams of butter, 200 grams of self-raising flour and a little salt together.
祈使句是指表示命令或建议的句子，通常没有主语。句子开头的谓语动词必须是行为动词或be动词的原形。祈使句的否定句是直接在句子开头的动词原形前加Don't，而且必须是缩略形式，不可以用完全形式。
例如：
Come here, please. 请到这边来。
Be careful! 小心！
Don't make any noise! 不要制造任何噪音！
3. How much do they cost
这个句子是用来询问价格的。常见的用于询问价格的句子还有：
How much is it /are they 这（些）多少钱？
How much does it/do they cost 这（些）多少钱？
How much do I (need to)pay 我要付多少钱？
4. What do you think about it
句型“What do you think about...？”用以询问人们对某一具体事物的看法。例如：
What do you think about this film 你认为这部电影怎么样？
What do you think about having a barbecue with us 你觉得与我们一起去烧烤如何？
【注意】此句型与“How do you like…？”同义。例如：
How do you like this book 你觉得这本书怎么样？
【活学活用9】
I Choose the best answer.
( ) 1 Mum, will you teach me to make a chocolate cake
A. what B. how C. where D. when
( ) 2 — When are you going to have the international food festival
— Let's have it .
A. Saturday 12 March B. on Saturday 12 March
C. 12 March Saturday D. on 12 March Saturday
( ) 3 What shall we do to get ready this coming festival
A. for B. on C. in D. to
( ) 4 Next, the shapes with flour.
A. make B. put C. sift D. sprinkle
( ) 5 I'll sell food from . They are______________food.
A. Japan, Japan B. Japanese, Japan
C. Japanese, Japanese D. Japan, Japanese
( ) 6 Miss Xu teaches history.
A. them B. their C. they D. theirs
( ) 7 Last week, we_________different kinds of food and drink different countries.
A. sell ... from B. sold ... of C. sell ... of D. sold ... from
( ) 8 — shall I bake the cookies
— 15 minutes.
A. How long, For B. How often, In
C. How long, In D. How often, For
( ) 9 The dish tastes .
A. wonderfully B. badly C. delicious D. nicely
( ) 10 — shall we have our English party
— In the hall.
A. What B. When C. Why D. Where
Unit10: Key sentence structure
1. 掌握常见的电话用语：
(1) May I speak to…？我可以和……通话吗？
This is…speaking或This is…我是……。
【注意】一般不说“I’m…”
(2)Who's that speaking 或Who’s that 你是谁啊？
【注意】一般不说“Who are you ”
(3)Is that…speaking 或Is that…？你是……吗？
【注意】一般不说“Are you…？”
2. Oh，what a pity!
本句是一句感叹句，常用于表示遗憾。例如：
-Kally won’t go with us, She's ill at home. 凯莉不会和我们一块儿去了，她生病在家。
-What a pity! 多遗憾啊！
【知识拓展】英语中，有不少类似于“What a pity!”结构的感叹句。例如：
What a shame! 真令人羞愧啊！ What a mess! 一团糟啊！
3. Have a great party!
这是常见的表示祝愿的用语，与“Have a good/great time!”意思相近。 应答常用“Thank you”。
4. To make a chocolate cake, we need some eggs, some sugar… and some chocolate powder.
To make a chocolate cake是不定式短语，在句中作目的状语。在这里相当于in order to make a chocolate cake。例如：
To improve my listening, I listen to VOA for 15 minutes every day.
为了提高我的英语听力，我每天听15分钟的美国之音。
【知识拓展】to do sth. 不定式短语在句中还可作定语，修饰前面的名词。例如：
I will have a lot of homework to do tonight. 今晚我有很多作业要做。
5. Let's have some chicken wings and spring rolls.
Shall we have some crisps
(1) Let's…意为“让我们……”。例如： Let’s play badminton this afternoon. 我们下午打羽毛球吧。
(2) Shall we…？意为“我们……吧”？例如：
Shall we play badminton this afternoon 我们下午打羽毛球好吗？
“Shall we have some crisps ”这个一般疑问句中用了some，而没有用any。这是因为建议者希望得到对方的肯定回答。例如： Would you like some more water 你要再加点水吗？
6. I'd rather have some nuts.
I’d rather是I would rather的缩略形式。would rather类似于情态动词，意为“我宁愿……”，后跟动词原形。例如：
I don’t like oranges. I’d rather have some peaches. 我不喜欢橙子，我宁愿吃些桃子。
7. We don't have any batteries at home, so you need to buy some batteries.
(1)连词so表示结果，意为“因此”，用于连接两个简单句。例如：
I got up late today, so I was late for work. 我今天起床晚了，因而上班迟到了。
【友情提示】so不能与表示原因的连词同时出现在一个句子中。试比较：
(√)He is old, so he can't walk fast.
(√)Because he is old, he can’t walk fast.
(×)Because he is old, so he can’t walk fast.
(2) need to后接动词原形，表示“需要做某事”，need在此为实义动词。例如：
He needs to do some washing now. 他现在得洗一些衣服了。
【注意】注意need to的否定形式。例如：
You don’t need to leave now. 你现在无须离开。
【知识拓展】need后接名词或名词短语，表示“需要某物”。例如：
My mother needs some fruit. 我妈妈需要一些水果。
8. Are you free on Saturday at three o’clock in the afternoon 你周六下午3点有空吗？
★ Are you free… 用来询问对方是否有空。我们也可以用Do you have time… 来询问他人。
★ 在这个句子中，我们要注意in/on/at这三个表示时间的介词的使用方法。现简单小结如下：
① in + 年份（in 2008）；月份（in July）；季节（in summer）；一天中的某一时段（in the morning/afternoon/evening）
② on + 具体日期（on 10 September 2008）；星期几（on Friday）；某一天的某个时段（on Saturday evening）；节日（on Dragon boat Festival）
③ at + 具体时刻（at 7 o’clock）；某些节日（at Christmas/Chinese New Year）；某些固定搭配（at the moment/at that time/at the end of.../at night/at midnight/at noon）
【活学活用10】
I Fill in the blanks with the given words.
1 have had having
Let's a birthday party for Ben.
Last Sunday, we a birthday party for Ben.
We are a new lesson now.
Shall we some noodles for lunch
2 eat eats ate eating
a) People in Bangkok enjoy spicy food.
b) Danny is too fat, because he too many sweets and chocolate before.
c) Kitty always a lot of delicious food. So her mother calls him a 'Food Worm.
d) I'd like to some pizzas at Pizza Hut tomorrow.
3 watch see
a) Shall we go to a film tonight
b) Let's a football match tonight.
Ⅱ. Choose the best answer.
( ) 1 Let's have with meatballs (肉丸) .
A. some noodles B. any noodles
C. some noodle D. any noodle
( ) 2 — Shall we have some cola
— No, .
A. that's a good idea B. I'd rather have some fruit salad
C. I'd rather have some cola D. I'll give you some cola
( ) 3 — Hello! May I speak to Mary
A. I'm Mary. B. Who are you
C. Who's that D. This is Mary speaking.
( ) 4 I'll see you Saturday afternoon 3.00 our flat.
A. at ... on ... on B. on ... at ... at
C. at ... on ... at D. on ... at ... on
( ) 5 We 'Happy Birthday' to Ben at the birthday party.
A. spoke B. told
C. said D. talked
( ) 6 There is some fruit in the fridge. We buy any.
A. need B. needn't to
C. don't need D. don't need to
( ) 7 — Would you like some cola
—No, I'd rather some water.
A. to drink B. drink
C. drinking D. to drinking
( ) 8 We are looking forward the school picnic.
A. for B. on C. at D. to
( ) 9 We will the poor children in the west of China.
A. pay some money for B. raise some money for
C. cost some money on D. save some money of
( ) 10 What you for Mum's birthday
A. do ... need to buy B. need ... to buy
C. do ... need buy D. need ... buyingUnit6: Key sentence structure
1. -Where is Water Bay on the map of Garden City
-It's in the north of the map.
表示“在地图上”时，应用介词on。
表示地图上的方位时，应使用介词in。此时它表示的是在地图“中”的位置。例如：
In the east of the map, we can find a department store. 在地图上的东部，我们可以看到一家百货商店。
2. It takes about forty minutes.
句型“It takes+时间”表示“做某事花了多长时间”。通常还可以用“It takes+ sb. +some time to do sth.”的句型，表示“某人花了多少时间做某事”。例如：
It takes five hours to travel from Shanghai to Nanchang by train. 从上海至南昌坐火车需五小时。
It takes me about an hour to finish my homework every day.我每天花大约一小时的时间完成作业。
It took us four hours to make a model plane yesterday.昨天我们花了四小时制作一架模型飞机。
【注意】句中谓语动词take要根据上下文来确定其时态。另外，句型It takes sb. some time to do sth. 可以和sb. spends some time (in) doing sth这个句型互相转换。上面两个例句可分别改写成:
I spend an hour (in) finishing my homework every day.
We spent four hours (in) making a model plane yesterday.
3. Is it convenient to go shopping in your new neighbourhood
It is+形容词+to do sth.”的结构常用来表示“（做某事）很（怎么样）”的意思。it不是句子真正的主语，它替代了to do sth. 的部分，我们称之为“形式主语”，而把动词不定式部分称为“真实主语”。例如：
It is difficult to learn French. 法语是很难学的。
It is exciting to watch a football match. 看足球赛是一件令人兴奋的事。
【注意】这两个句子还可改写成：
Learning French is difficult.
Watching a football match is exciting.
4. There aren't any shops or restaurants.
not any是“什么都没有”的意思，与no意思相近。本句可改写为：
There are no shops or restaurants. 例如：
They didn't find any flour in the kitchen. 他们在厨房里一点面粉都没找到。
可改写为：They found no flour in the kitchen.
5. When we lived in the city centre, we got up late and walked to school.
(1) when是时间状语从句的引导词，意为“当……的时候”。例如：
Go to bed early, or you will get up late again tomorrow. 早点睡觉，否则明天你起床又晚了。
When I was about eight, I got a book about stars. 我八岁的时候，得到了一本关于星星的书。
when引导的从句部分，可以位于主句前，也可以位于主句后。当从句位于主句前时，从句后须加“，”。例如：
The sky went dark when we arrived. 我们到达的时候，天黑了。
本句可改写为：When we arrived, the sky went dark.
【知识拓展】在用when引导的时间状语从旬中，主句和从句的动作可以是同时发生的，也可以是先后的，从句中
的动作可以是短暂的，也可以是持续的。例如：
What were you doing when your teacher came into the classroom 当老师进教室的时候，你们正在做什么？
The boy fell asleep when he was reading. 这个男孩读书的时候睡着了。
We were going home when it began to rain. 开始下雨的时候，我们正在回家的路上。
(2)get up late意为“晚起”。get up是“起床”的意思，反义词组是go to bed(去睡觉)。
walk to school相当于go to school on foot, 意为“步行上学”。
3. It's winter because people are wearing warm clothes and gloves.
because是用来引导原因状语从句的从属连词，意为“因为”，表达句子间的因果关系。例如：
I turn on the air conditioner because the students feel very hot. 因为学生们感到很热，所以我打开了空调。
【友情提示】because可以和so作句型转换，但是两个词不可同时在一句话中出现。以上例句可以改写为：
The students feel very hot, so I turn on the air conditioner.
【活学活用6】
Ⅰ. Find the word or expression to replace the underlined part in the sentence.
A. not much B. causing excitement C. put on D. understand E. at last F. ground
( ) 1. There is not a lot of rain in winter.
( ) 2. The students need to wear school uniforms.
( ) 3. They waited and waited for something exciting to happen.
( ) 4. I found some beautiful flowers at the bottom of the hill.
( ) 5. I don't catch your words. Could you say them again
( ) 6. Class 3 won the basketball match in the end.
【Keys】1-6 ACBFDE
Ⅱ. Choose the best answer. (选择正确的答案。)
( )1 Which do you prefer, the sweet one the sour one
A. and B. or C. with D. but
( )2 They're the twins, their height is quite different.
A. but B. or C. then D. with
( )3 The life in the city is than that in the countryside.
A. more interesting B. much interesting
C. busy D. much busy
( )4 Deepwater Bay Road is the map Garden City.
A. on ... for B. in ... of C. on ... of D. in ... for
( )5 It me about 20 minutes to go to school every morning.
took B. takes C. costs D. spends
( )6 — What season is it in picture
— Autumn.
A. the forth B. four C. fourth D. the fourth
( )7 City life is quite different country life.
A. with B. from C. to D. about
( )8 it is summer now, a lot of people are at the swimming pool.
A. So B. For C. Because D. But
( )9 Listen, could you any noise
A. hear B. listen to C. listen D. find
( )10 My new flat is the south of Old Town.
A. in B. on C. at D. to
【Keys】1B 2A 3A 4C 5B 6D 7B 8C 9A 10 A
Ⅲ. Rewrite the sentences as required. (按要求改写句子。)
Ben usually does his homework before supper. (改为一般疑问句)
Ben usually his homework before supper
He has already learnt to drive a car. (改为否定句)
He learnt to drive a car .
Alice likes orange juice better than cola. (保持原句意思)
Alice orange juice cola.
Peter goes to visit his grandma once a month. (对划线部分提问)
does Peter go to visit his grandma
【Keys】1 Does ... do 2 hasn't ... yet 3 prefers ... to 4 How often
Unit7: Key sentence structure
1. This sign tells us how and where to go.
This sign tells us how to do something.
在上述两个句子中，均使用了“疑问词+带to的动词不定式”作宾语的结构，其作用相当于一个宾语从句。
上述两句可改写为：
This sign tells us how and where we can go.
This sign tells us how we can do something.
2. The player who rolls a six on the dice goes first.
who rolls a six on the dice补充说明player，是一个定语从句，用来修饰主语the player，省略它的话句子就成了The player goes first．这样的句子表意就不够明确了。因此，这个定语从句在句中是必不可少的。
3. The first person to get to the FINISH sign wins the game.
to get to the FINISH sign是the first person的后置定语，用于修饰the first person，补充说明是怎样的“第一人”。
4. What kind of sign is this
句型“what kind of十名词”表示询问事物的种类，其中的名词可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词。
例如:
What kind of people would you like to make friends with 你想和什么样的人交朋友？
What kind of food would you like to have for dinner 晚饭你想吃什么？
【活学活用7】
I Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given words. (用所给词的适当形式填空。)
People may lose their (life) in a fire.
We can see this sign in a (swim) pool.
I can clean the room by (I).
Are there any shops (nearly) your school
The wind is becoming much (strong). I have to stay at home.
I like the (love) present.
【Keys】1 lives 2 swimming 3 myself 4 near 5 stronger 6 lovely
I Fill in the blanks with the given verbs in their proper forms. (用所给动词的适当形式填空)
The class (begin) in a few minutes. Let's hurry up.
Can I ( borrow) your dictionary
It (rain) outside. Let's stay at home and watch TV.
Peter wants (be) a fireman when he grows up.
【Keys】1 will begin 2 borrow 3 is raining 4 to be
Unit8: Key sentence structure
1. Mr Hu and the students are spending their weekend at Health Camp.
(1) spend one’s weekend意为“度周末”。spend除了意为“花费（金钱）”之外，还有“度过”的意思。例如：
Let’s spend a day out together tomorrow. 明天我们一起出去玩一天吧！
Where are you going to spend your holiday 你准备到哪里去度假？
(2)at Health Camp意为“在健康度假营”。这里的camp为名词，意为“度假营；营地”。
2. -I don't like swimming.
-Neither do I.
-I like playing badminton.
-So do I.
(1) neither是副词，意为“也不”，常常用于倒装句的开头，紧跟在一个否定句后面。常用结构为：Neither+助动词／情态动词+主语。
-He didn’t finish his homework on time. 他没有按时完成作业。
-Neither did I. 我也没有。
(2) so是副词，意为“也”，常常用于倒装句的开头，紧跟在一个肯定句后面。常用结构为：So+助动词／情态动词+主语。
-My brother likes eating fish. 我哥哥喜欢吃鱼。
-So do I. 我也喜欢。
【注意】 neither和so后面的助动词或情态动词应与前句谓语的时态、形式相一致。
3. No, I don't want to read very much today.
not…very much是“不怎么……”的意思。very much常用来修饰动词，意为“很；非常”，是much的强调语气。例如：
She doesn't like him very much. 她不怎么喜欢他。
指点迷津：too much, too many, much too的区别
(1) too much+不可数名词。例如：
I don’t have too much time. 我没有太多时间。
(2) too many+可数名词复数。例如：
She eats too many sweets. 她吃了太多的糖果。
(3) much too+形容词或副词。例如：
The garden is much too beautiful.这个花园大漂亮了。
4. There’s a cartoon called ‘Computer War’.
called是“被叫做……；名叫……”的意思。例如：
I have a friend called Happy. 我有个名叫“快乐”的朋友。
5. You did not eat enough fruit.
enough+可数／不可数名词 表示“足够的……”。例如：
They have enough time to do the work. 他们有足够的时间完成工作。
Are there enough desks for all the students 有足够的课桌给所有学生用吗？
【友情提示】
(1) enough与名词连用时，还可用“可数／不可数名词+enough”的结构。例如：
Are there books enough for us 有足够的书给我们用吗？
(2) enough与形容词连用时，放在被修饰的形容词后。例如：
It's warm enough to swim. 天气足够暖和，可以游泳了。
【活学活用8】
I Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given words.
1 She needs a lot of money (save) her mother's life.
2 Let's (have) the barbecue on Sunday afternoon.
3 He can (help) us a lot.
4 We love (eat) spicy food very much.
5 (welcome) to our Health Camp.
【Keys】1 to save 2 have 3 help 4 eating 5 Welcome
Ⅱ Choose the best answer.
( ) 1 Shall we have some prawns and rice____________dinner tonight
A. on B. at C. for D. in
( ) 2 Shall we have some bananas
A. too B. also C. either D. neither
( ) 3 Danny plenty of delicious food and drinks the day before yesterday.
A. had B. drank C. ate D. eats
( ) 4 Ben watched TV for 45 hours last week and his eyes hurt. So he has watched_____________TV last week.
A. too many B. too long C. too much D. enough
( ) 5 Betty used to school, but now she_____________to school by bus.
A. walking ... goes B. walking ... is going
C. to walk ... goes D. to walk ... is going
( ) 6 He'd like some English songs at the party.
A. singing B. to sing C. to singing D. sings
( ) 7 — have some fresh fruit
— Yes, that's a good idea.
A. Shall we B. Let's C. Would you like D. May I
( ) 8 Danny, you are getting fatter and fatter. You mustn't eat_____________ meat.
A. too many B. too much C. too few D. too little
( ) 9 --We will go to a party this coming Saturday.
--_______________.
A. Neither do they. B. So do they.
C. Neither will they. D. So will they.
( ) 10 I'm going to play_____________ computer games and do_____________exercise.
A. fewer ... more B. less ... more
C. fewer ... less D. less ... fewer
【Keys】1 C 2B 3A 4C 5C 6B 7A 8B 9 D 10 A
Unit9: Key sentence structure
1. 温度的读法：
200℃应读作two hundred degrees centigrade/Celsius.
【知识拓展】degree n. 度；度数 Centigrade n. 百分度的；摄氏温度计的 Celsius adj. 摄氏的
2. Firstly, mix 50 grams of butter, 200 grams of self-raising flour and a little salt together.
祈使句是指表示命令或建议的句子，通常没有主语。句子开头的谓语动词必须是行为动词或be动词的原形。祈使句的否定句是直接在句子开头的动词原形前加Don't，而且必须是缩略形式，不可以用完全形式。
例如：
Come here, please. 请到这边来。
Be careful! 小心！
Don't make any noise! 不要制造任何噪音！
3. How much do they cost
这个句子是用来询问价格的。常见的用于询问价格的句子还有：
How much is it /are they 这（些）多少钱？
How much does it/do they cost 这（些）多少钱？
How much do I (need to)pay 我要付多少钱？
4. What do you think about it
句型“What do you think about...？”用以询问人们对某一具体事物的看法。例如：
What do you think about this film 你认为这部电影怎么样？
What do you think about having a barbecue with us 你觉得与我们一起去烧烤如何？
【注意】此句型与“How do you like…？”同义。例如：
How do you like this book 你觉得这本书怎么样？
【活学活用9】
I Choose the best answer.
( ) 1 Mum, will you teach me to make a chocolate cake
A. what B. how C. where D. when
( ) 2 — When are you going to have the international food festival
— Let's have it .
A. Saturday 12 March B. on Saturday 12 March
C. 12 March Saturday D. on 12 March Saturday
( ) 3 What shall we do to get ready this coming festival
A. for B. on C. in D. to
( ) 4 Next, the shapes with flour.
A. make B. put C. sift D. sprinkle
( ) 5 I'll sell food from . They are______________food.
A. Japan, Japan B. Japanese, Japan
C. Japanese, Japanese D. Japan, Japanese
( ) 6 Miss Xu teaches history.
A. them B. their C. they D. theirs
( ) 7 Last week, we______________different kinds of food and drink different countries.
A. sell ... from B. sold ... of C. sell ... of D. sold ... from
( ) 8 — shall I bake the cookies
— 15 minutes.
A. How long, For B. How often, In
C. How long, In D. How often, For
( ) 9 The dish tastes .
A. wonderfully B. badly C. delicious D. nicely
( ) 10 — shall we have our English party
— In the hall.
A. What B. When C. Why D. Where
【Keys】1 B 2B 3A 4D 5D 6A 7D 8A 9C 10D
Unit10: Key sentence structure
1. 掌握常见的电话用语：
(1) May I speak to…？我可以和……通话吗？
This is…speaking或This is…我是……。
【注意】一般不说“I’m…”
(2)Who's that speaking 或Who’s that 你是谁啊？
【注意】一般不说“Who are you ”
(3)Is that…speaking 或Is that…？你是……吗？
【注意】一般不说“Are you…？”
2. Oh，what a pity!
本句是一句感叹句，常用于表示遗憾。例如：
-Kally won’t go with us, She's ill at home. 凯莉不会和我们一块儿去了，她生病在家。
-What a pity! 多遗憾啊！
【知识拓展】英语中，有不少类似于“What a pity!”结构的感叹句。例如：
What a shame! 真令人羞愧啊！ What a mess! 一团糟啊！
3. Have a great party!
这是常见的表示祝愿的用语，与“Have a good/great time!”意思相近。 应答常用“Thank you”。
4. To make a chocolate cake, we need some eggs, some sugar… and some chocolate powder.
To make a chocolate cake是不定式短语，在句中作目的状语。在这里相当于in order to make a chocolate cake。例如：
To improve my listening, I listen to VOA for 15 minutes every day.
为了提高我的英语听力，我每天听15分钟的美国之音。
【知识拓展】to do sth. 不定式短语在句中还可作定语，修饰前面的名词。例如：
I will have a lot of homework to do tonight. 今晚我有很多作业要做。
5. Let's have some chicken wings and spring rolls.
Shall we have some crisps
(1) Let's…意为“让我们……”。例如： Let’s play badminton this afternoon. 我们下午打羽毛球吧。
(2) Shall we…？意为“我们……吧”？例如：
Shall we play badminton this afternoon 我们下午打羽毛球好吗？
“Shall we have some crisps ”这个一般疑问句中用了some，而没有用any。这是因为建议者希望得到对方的肯定回答。例如： Would you like some more water 你要再加点水吗？
6. I'd rather have some nuts.
I’d rather是I would rather的缩略形式。would rather类似于情态动词，意为“我宁愿……”，后跟动词原形。例如：
I don’t like oranges. I’d rather have some peaches. 我不喜欢橙子，我宁愿吃些桃子。
7. We don't have any batteries at home, so you need to buy some batteries.
(1)连词so表示结果，意为“因此”，用于连接两个简单句。例如：
I got up late today, so I was late for work. 我今天起床晚了，因而上班迟到了。
【友情提示】so不能与表示原因的连词同时出现在一个句子中。试比较：
(√)He is old, so he can't walk fast.
(√)Because he is old, he can’t walk fast.
(×)Because he is old, so he can’t walk fast.
(2) need to后接动词原形，表示“需要做某事”，need在此为实义动词。例如：
He needs to do some washing now. 他现在得洗一些衣服了。
【注意】注意need to的否定形式。例如：
You don’t need to leave now. 你现在无须离开。
【知识拓展】need后接名词或名词短语，表示“需要某物”。例如：
My mother needs some fruit. 我妈妈需要一些水果。
8. Are you free on Saturday at three o’clock in the afternoon 你周六下午3点有空吗？
★ Are you free… 用来询问对方是否有空。我们也可以用Do you have time… 来询问他人。
★ 在这个句子中，我们要注意in/on/at这三个表示时间的介词的使用方法。现简单小结如下：
① in + 年份（in 2008）；月份（in July）；季节（in summer）；一天中的某一时段（in the morning/afternoon/evening）
② on + 具体日期（on 10 September 2008）；星期几（on Friday）；某一天的某个时段（on Saturday evening）；节日（on Dragon boat Festival）
③ at + 具体时刻（at 7 o’clock）；某些节日（at Christmas/Chinese New Year）；某些固定搭配（at the moment/at that time/at the end of.../at night/at midnight/at noon）
【活学活用10】
I Fill in the blanks with the given words.
1 have had having
Let's a birthday party for Ben.
Last Sunday, we a birthday party for Ben.
We are a new lesson now.
Shall we some noodles for lunch
2 eat eats ate eating
a) People in Bangkok enjoy spicy food.
b) Danny is too fat, because he too many sweets and chocolate before.
c) Kitty always a lot of delicious food. So her mother calls him a 'Food Worm.
d) I'd like to some pizzas at Pizza Hut tomorrow.
3 watch see
a) Shall we go to a film tonight
b) Let's a football match tonight.
【Keys】1 a) have b) had c) having d) have
2 a) eating b) ate c) eats d) eat
3 a) see b) watch
Ⅱ. Choose the best answer.
( ) 1 Let's have with meatballs (肉丸) .
A. some noodles B. any noodles
C. some noodle D. any noodle
( ) 2 — Shall we have some cola
— No, .
A. that's a good idea B. I'd rather have some fruit salad
C. I'd rather have some cola D. I'll give you some cola
( ) 3 — Hello! May I speak to Mary
A. I'm Mary. B. Who are you
C. Who's that D. This is Mary speaking.
( ) 4 I'll see you Saturday afternoon 3.00 our flat.
A. at ... on ... on B. on ... at ... at
C. at ... on ... at D. on ... at ... on
( ) 5 We 'Happy Birthday' to Ben at the birthday party.
A. spoke B. told
C. said D. talked
( ) 6 There is some fruit in the fridge. We buy any.
A. need B. needn't to
C. don't need D. don't need to
( ) 7 — Would you like some cola
—No, I'd rather some water.
A. to drink B. drink
C. drinking D. to drinking
( ) 8 We are looking forward the school picnic.
A. for B. on C. at D. to
( ) 9 We will the poor children in the west of China.
A. pay some money for B. raise some money for
C. cost some money on D. save some money of
( ) 10 What you for Mum's birthday
A. do ... need to buy B. need ... to buy
C. do ... need buy D. need ... buying
【Keys】1A 2B 3D 4B 5C 6D 7B 8D 9 B 10 A
