专题07 阅读理解技巧方法梳理及专练
一、初中英语阅读理解技巧
01. 首段和尾段
一篇文章的主题句、中心思想往往出现在文章的首段或者尾段。
许多文章开门见山地在第一段就提出了要说明的对象或者要论证的观点，而文章的最后一段一般也会对全文的说明和论证进行总结。
策略：通过一些标志性词汇或者短语，我们可以更快地找到这些总结性句子，如：all in all, in short, to conclude, in consequence, in summary, in a word, as a result, therefore, accordingly, thus 等。
主题句考查了考生是否能够把握文章大意的能力，因此是常考且几乎是必考的一个考点。
02. 长难句
长难句是阅读理解的主要难度所在，其中包含了同位语、插入语、定语、不定式、分词、各种从句等，有的句子甚至长达好几行。这些复杂的句型也往往成为了出题的重点所在。
策略：加强训练自己对付长难句的能力，平时有意识地去分解这些句子，理解其中的指代关系和句子层次。
03. 列举处
标志性的词汇包括：First, Second, Third; Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly…Finally; First of all, Then, In addition, Further, Furthermore, Besides, Moreover…
策略：把这些词圈起来，考题中一般会出现四个选项对比，这样非常好在文章中找。
04. 举例处
例子往往与作者的说明与论述有很大的关联，具有重大的意义，因此也成为了考题出处的热点。这种题目在文章中的线索非常明显，一般都带有如下的标志性词汇：for example, for instance, take…as an example, as, such as, like 等。
策略：一般文章举例处的前一句或者前几句就是与该例子相关的作者论点，所以在做此类题目的时候就需要追本溯源地往前读，才能保证所选答案的正确率。
05. 因果关系处
表示因果关系的句子是中考英语命题者所青睐的出题来源，因为因果句阐述了两个事件或者事实之间的内在联系，出题者为了考查考生的阅读能力和逻辑分析能力，经常会把含有因果关系的句子倒过来考，因此选项中因变成了果、果变成了因，考生需要注意辨别实际的因果关系，防止受到迷惑。
表示因果关系的词语有：because, because of, so, for, since, as, thus, therefore, consequently, in consequence, as a result; result from, result in, cause, originate from, lead to, attribute to, derive from; base, basis, reason, result, consequence 等。
06. 转折、对比、类比处
文章的转折也是体现作者观点和文章主题的地方，一些明显的转折词包括：but, however, on the contrary, yet, as a matter of fact, in fact, actually 等。
策略：转折词前后的意思一般来说都是相反的，而作者会偏重其中的某一方。因此，在阅读过程中看到转折词，最好能作上标志以方便做题时候的查找。
特别需要指出的是，只要文章第一段中出现一组对比的概念或事物，这个地方往往会成为考题的命题重点。
07. 特殊词汇处
中考英语阅读试题中经常考查考生对于一些词语和词汇的理解，这些特殊词汇包括了平时不经常使用的生僻词、常见词语平时不经常用到的意思或搭配、以及关系代词等。
策略：解题关键在于读懂词汇所在文章位置的上下文，从而推断中其意思。
08. 数字和年代
中考阅读中经常出现对于数字和年代等细节的考查，看似容易，但是考生经常由于疏忽大意而失掉这些最容易的分数。
其中要注意以下几点原则：
如果出现需要进行运算的题目，一般来说文章的原始数据不是正确答案；
如果答案中的四个数字或者时间都与文章的某一个部分相符合，那么要注意这些数字和时间所对应的不同问题，只选择与题目相关的那个数据；
要注意年份和世纪之间的差别，比如1999年就是20世纪，2009年就是21世纪，也就是说世纪的数字是年份的前两个数字加1。
09. 专有名词
所谓的专有名词包括人名、地名、机构名称、书籍文章影视作品的名称以及其他专有名词。在阅读文章的过程中，每遇到专有名词可以用铅笔作上标记，以便如果在题目中出现相应专有名词可以进行快速定位。
10. 最高级词汇
最高级词汇以及其他一些表示唯一性的词汇由于其意义的绝对性，因而不容易产生歧义，所以也经常成为出题对象。
这些词语包括形容词和副词的最高级，以及以下词汇：only, sole(solely), mere(merely), sheer, simply, entirely, absolutely, just, always, forever, never, none, must, all, any(anyone, anybody, anywhere) 等。
11. 引用处
说明文或者议论文中经常引用他人的观点来支持、佐证作者的观点。引文有可能是从正面来支持作者的观点，也有可能是作者通过驳斥反面观点从而论证自己的观点。因此，引文间接地表达了作者自己的观点，有一定的隐蔽性和迷惑性，所以也是出题考查的热点地区，通常会考查考生的推理能力和对作者态度观点的判断能力。
12. 段首和段尾
无论是说明文还是议论文，一篇文章往往会分成几个部分或层次进行说明和论证，每一个段落一般都是一个部分或者层次。英美人写文章的逻辑性非常强，文章结构都非常规范，因此每个段落的首句和尾句也经常是该段落的中心思想句，因此也是出题的重点区域，涉及的问题包括了中心思想题、推理判断题和细节题等。下文也将会提到，在进行快速阅读的时候，考生只需要浏览文章每一段的第一句话就大致能够判断这篇文章的中心思想和主旨。
13. 特殊标点符号
有一些特殊的标点符号也经常成为出题的对象，因此考生应该对以下标点符号的用法较为熟悉：冒号、括号、破折号以及引号。
逗号：两个逗号之间的内容、或者一个逗号后面的内容，通常都起到补充说明第一个逗号前面内容的作用。
冒号：冒号后面的内容通常都是用来解释说明前面的内容，例如前面是抽象的概念后面就是对这个概念的具体说明。
括号：括号中间的内容通常用来解释或补充说明括号前面的内容。
破折号：两个破折号之间的内容、或者一个破折号后面的内容，通常表示解释说明或者补充说明。
引号：表示引用他人的观点，一般用来从正面或者反面支持作者的观点。
相关的考题一般都是关于文章细节的问题。需要注意的是考题在考查标点符号用法是往往不会明确说明，需要考生自己去判断并根据具体情况分析标点符号的用法。
二、完形填空解题技巧
“完形填空（CLOZE TEST）”是初中英语试题中固定而重要的题型。它是一种障碍性的测试题。在一定程度上考查考生的阅读能力、逻辑推理及分析归纳、综合判断能力。这种题型归纳起来有如下特点：
1．在整份试卷中所占的分值较重，占10—15％，长度一般在130—200个单词左右。
2．降低了对单词本身的考查要求，重点考查考生对短文的整体理解，上下文的段落衔接，情理分析及推理判断能力。
3．针对初中学生的实际水平，一般采用故事体，尽量避免专业性太强的文章或论文体。近年来出现了以意义选择为主、语法选择逐渐减少的趋势。
“完形填空”有多种形式，但它在基本设计原则上都是一致的。形式都是从短文中抽去若干词，让考生根据上下文填入适当的词，为了有助于考生填入适当的词，可以提供四个答案（其中包括一个正确答案），让考生选出正确的答案；也可以给出单词首字母完形填空，或者给出字母及单词长度（由几个字母组成）；也可以不给考生提供任何线索，完全凭借考生对文章的理解和现有的语言能力完成。最常见的还是选择型的“完形填空”。
“抽词法”可以是有针对性地抽，也可以是随机地抽。但目前比较流行的是对文章理解能力的考查，而不是单纯对语法结构的考查。
“完形填空”要求考生不仅要会运用自己学过的词汇和语法知识妥善地处理好每个单句，理解语义，还要处理好单句之间以及单句与全文之间的内在关系，选出适当的词填上，使文章完整与通顺。
完形填空题要求填入的词主要有：构成各种时态和用法区别的动词及短语动词；名词和介词；根据上下文意思及结构必须填入的形容词、副词、代词和连词；同义词、近义词等易混词。考查以实词为主，兼顾虚词和语法结构。难点主要集中在根据上下文作正确判断的词的用法上。
“完形填空”旨在测试考生的综合应用语言能力。因此，要做好“完形填空”，不仅要具备一定的词法、句法和惯用法等语法知识，而且还要具备阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和运用语言知识的实践能力。
传统的完形填空(cloze test)通常是将一篇逻辑性较强的短文，留出若干个空，然后采用"四选一"的方法，将短文补充完整。它属于客观题型。如今的完形填空题除保留传统题型的优点外，还采用了选词填空(有多余选项)或根据上下文补全对话(或短文)等主观题型。但事实证明，完形填空通常是同学们较难把握的题型之一，且失分率较高。限于篇幅，本文着重谈谈客观题型的解法。
一、 目标要求
完形填空主要测试学生在具体语言环境中对文章的篇章结构、中心思想、推理判断、词语辨析、习惯用法、固定搭配等方面的能力要求，及对所学英语的综合运用能力、快速阅读理解能力及逻辑推理判断能力等。
二、 解题步骤
在做完形填空题时，通常先弄清语境，并依据上下文进行合理的分析、判断，才能作出恰当的选择。具体可分为以下三步：
1. 通览全文，了解大意
答题时，应先越过空档，通读全文，理顺题意，找出信息词。这是做好完形填空题的关键。因为完形填空的特点是着眼于整体理解。我们如果把短文比作环环相扣的链条，那么由于空格的设置，"链条"从第二句起有些地方就脱节了。有些同学习惯于提笔就填或边读边填，急于求成，然而，欲速则不达，结果往往由于"只见树木不见森林"而事倍功半。因此我们应该依据首句给的启示，通过逻辑思维，借助短文中关键词所提供的信息，越过空档，尽快把全文读完，建立语言的整体感，帮助我们了解短文大意。
2. 综合考虑，先易后难
通览全文后，认真观察选项，瞻前顾后，仔细推敲，逐项选定。经过通读全文，对短文有了整体印象。在此基础上，可以根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，分析这一空格处在句中的地位，前后的关系和它所起的作用，确定最佳答案。遇到困难，暂放一边，先易后难，这是解题之道。当遇到难以判断的空档时，不妨先放一边，继续往下做。因为有些答案是必须通过下文的理解后才能作出断定的。有时，前后信息之间还有相互提示作用。因此，当我们遇到难题时，不能久久停留于此，这样会浪费不必要的时间。
3. 复读检验，消除疏漏
完成所有空档后，还要再次通读全文，看看这时的短文行文是否流畅，意义是否连贯，逻辑关系是否合理。复查时，可从语法入手，检查一下句子的时态、主谓一致、代词的性、数、格以及词语的搭配等是否正确。凡遇疑点，必须根据文章的中心思想，从意义、语法的角度来仔细权衡，加以改正，弥补疏漏。
【例题精讲】
The song “I Believe I Can Fly” has meant the most to me since I was three. I like this song because it tells me there’s ___1___ that I can’t do if I try hard. I didn’t know much of what the song meant a long time ago but as I grew older, I still remembered the song and started to listen to the words. Every time I listen to it, I ___2_ all the difficulties I have overcome (克服).
When I was little, I had to use a wheelchair (轮椅) because there was something wrong with my legs. The doctor said I had little chance of ___3___ but I dreamed to. I knew I had to believe in myself to make my dream come true someday.
One day the doctor told my mother that he could have an operation that would help me walk. So when I was three, I had my first surgery (手术). I was a very active kid so being in bed for six weeks, not being able ___4___, I felt terrible. At the age of five, I felt free when I ___5___ went through the trouble and learned how to walk.
The song says, “I see me running through that open door.” That’s what I felt like: I believed I could fly just like the song says. I’ve depended on the arms of my parents and I’ve always known I had to be ___6___ and it started inside of me. I’ve always believed I can touch the sky.
1.A) nothing B) everything C) something D) anything
2.A) prepare for B) hear from C) think about D) happen to
3.A) singing B) walking C) flying D) listening
4.A) hold B) talk C) wave D) move
5.A) suddenly B) finally C) carefully D) immediately
6.A) strong B) noisy C) weak D) quiet
首字母填空解题技巧
考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词这几大词类。
通读全文，了解大意
短文中虽有一些词未知，但不影响对文章主要内容的理解。在初步阅读中，可以跳过空格，尽量捕捉文章所提供的内容信息，以及语法结构方面的提示，有助于下一步的分析与判断。
再读全文，理清脉络
通读全文、掌握大意后，还应逐字逐句地仔细阅读，从文意中找出句与文、句与句、词与句、词与词之间的关系，尤其是一些不易察觉的、隐含的微妙关系，用已知信息去获取未知信息，以便初步确定答案。 注意：填入的词既能使句意通顺，又能做到语法、用词搭配的正确。如bought易误答成buy；lights易误答成light；reaches易误答成reach; heavier易误答成heavy等。 因此，在初步确定答案后，一定还要反复考虑，仔细推敲，确保用词准确
复读全文，全面检查
做完题后，一定要认真检查，尽量减少粗心所致的笔误或拼写错误，对有疑问的地方，更要根据文章的内容、上下文的语法结构、逻辑发展进行反复斟酌，这样才能尽量避免失分。
【例题精讲】
Tom was o___1___ ten years old, but he liked travelling very much. He was studying in a primary school. Last week he went on a school trip w___2____ his teachers and classmates. They s____3____ about one hour on the bus and finally got to the hill. They found a valley(山谷) full of roses. Many bees and butterflies were f_____4____ around them. They walked through the valley and enjoyed those b___5______ flowers and butterflies. After they got to the top of the hill, they had a picnic. Then they began to play games on the hill. When it was the time to go home, they were a little tired but happy, b___6____ they had a happy day there.
初中阅读理解A、B、C、D专练
一、阅读单选
（2021·上海市进才中学北校七年级）
Post your problems on the blog(博客) and get other bloggers’ advice!
My problem is my parents. They never stop going on about how I should keep my room tidy, keep my hair tidy and wear smart clothes. They even make me do the washing-up after dinner every night! What should I do Helen, USA Hi, Helen. I think you should do what your parents ask. You should respect them. It’s their house you live in and their money you spend. Emily. New Zealand Why do you think you are the only one with parents like that All parents are the same. They don’t understand that fashions have changed in the last 30 years. Tom, England Helen, why should your parents do all the housework You should help around the house. I think it is OK for students to wear school uniforms. Teenagers should look like teenagers. Simon, Scotland
My best friend had suddenly become an ex-friend and I don’t know why! Last week we phoned each other every day and emailed too. But at school on Monday she didn’t look at me or speak to me. I don’t know what I’ve done. Gimbya, India I feel sorry for you, Gimbya. My best friend did the same to me and I still don’t know the reason. Could you ask another friend to speak to her for you George, France Don’t worry about it so much! Phone your friend up as usual and she won’t be able to ignore you. Everything will be fine. Aisha Nigeria
1．There are ________ pieces of advice in all(总共）in the passage above.
A．2 B．3 C．5 D．7
2．Helen’s problem is about her ________.
A．classmates B．study C．homework D．parents
3．Gimbya complains(抱怨) about his ________ in his blog.
A．pet B．friend C．teacher D．brother
4．________ has the same problem with Gimbya.
A．George B．Aisha C．Helen D．Simon
5．________ don’t agree with Helen. They think she should change her idea.
A．Tom and Emily B．Emily and Simon
C．Simon and Tom D．Tom and Aisha
6．In Simon’s opinion, ________.
A．children should be up-to-date(上时代的)
B．students needn’t wear school uniforms
C．parents should do all the housework for children
D．children should help to do the housework
（2020·上海浦东新·七年级期末）
We need you!
Teach Music Clean People's Park Help Old People
Are you good at singing or dancing Do you have a loving heart We need three people to work as Music teachers in SOS Children's Villages. If you are free for three hours every weekend, join us. Tel:0398-8858518 E-mail:lovekids@ We need five people who are strong and can help clean up People's Park. We need you to help pick up, collect and sort rubbish. If you are free for four hours this weekend, come and join us! Tel:0398-8651518 E-mail: cleanpark@ We need four people to help at Xinxin Nursing Home. You should be good at talking with old people. Your job is to wash clothes for them. If you can take out two hours on May 6, come and join us! Tel:0398-8656869 E-mail: homelove@
7．The SOS Children's Villages want ________teachers.
A．Dance B．Music C．Maths D．English
8．If you want to help make People's Park clean, you have to work________.
A．this weekend B．every weekend C．every weekday D．on May 6
9．The underlined word 'sort' means '________'.
A．乱扔 B．捡起 C．收集 D．分类
10．To work at Xinxin Nursing Home, you need to do well in ________.
A．singing and dancing B．collecting rubbish
C．talking with the old D．washing dishes
11．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true
A．It may be tiring to do the cleaning work in People's Park.
B．Of the three jobs, the work of helping old people takes the shortest time.
C．If you want to do the teaching job, you can send an e-mail to lovekids@.
D．Eleven people are needed altogether.
12．Where can you most probably find this passage
A．In a newspaper. B．In a sports magazine. C．In a storybook. D．On a map.
二、完型填空
It’s well known that everyone should dress properly on every occasion (场合). Dressing is very important. We also change our clothes when weather changes. We choose different clothes in different seasons. In China, the temperature of 13 season changes greatly. It is very different in summer and in winter. So the clothes people wear are very different. Liu Mei comes from the north of China. In winter it is really 14 there. People all wear thick clothes. She usually wears a sweater or 15 warm clothes and shoes. In spring, it is windy. Liu Mei likes wearing windbreakers (风衣). She says that she does not like spring. She likes summer very much, 16 she can wear different colourful clothes, such as shorts, T-shirts and sports shoes. In autumn, it is cool. Liu Mei likes wearing casual clothes (休闲装), 17 jeans and jackets. They make her look very beautiful. What kind of clothes do you like best Do you live in a city that has different seasons
13．A．both B．no C．another D．every
14．A．cold B．warm C．cool D．hot
15．A．many B．another C．other D．much
16．A．so B．because C．but D．and
17．A．really B．finally C．especially D．specially
（2020·上海浦东新·七年级期末）Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文，用A、B、C、D等表示）:
One of the most necessary things in the world is making friends. If you have a good friend, you are lucky. A good friend is more 18 than money or anything else in the world. You don’t have to be rich but you cannot have no friends. Sometimes your friend is the only one stands 19 you.
How can we make friends in the 20 way First, you must know the person you want to make friends with. If you find he often tells 21 , or he doesn’t help others in trouble, you’d better not make friends with him. A good friend will be happy when you win. Also, he will be sad if you 22 . If you have some questions about your studies, he will be quite willing to teach you 23 you understand. If you want to have this kind of friend, you must try your best to be like this. If you do that, I’m sure you will have many good friends.
18．A．lovely B．important C．useless D．exciting
19．A．out of B．in front of C．next to D．opposite to
20．A．lucky B．fast C．easy D．correct
21．A．lies B．stories C．jokes D．truths
22．A．rise B．fail C．move D．change
23．A．when B．after C．since D．until
（2020·上海市卢湾中学七年级期末） April 27 is a special day in Britain. It’s called ‘Take Our Daughters & Sons to Work Day’. It was brought to Britain in 1994 from America. On that day thousands of children take a day off 24 and go with one of their parents to their work places. By doing this, it can teach young boys and girls more about the 25 where they live. This day is more than just taking the child to work. It’s about learning real world experiences. Some things can’t be taught in the classroom. Now the children can have a close look at what their parents are doing. This may help them when they have to 26 a job.
Mary, a girl of 17, experienced a day of work at her mother’s office. This helped her 27 her mother’s work better. She said that this made her feel more confident about her future. Schools and many companies support the activity, too. Some schools 28 make the day a necessary part of school life. It is thought that teenagers with more self-confidence are more likely (可能的) to be successful than common boys and girls. If parents can set good examples both at 29 and at home for them, they will do better than others. Take Our Daughters & Sons to Work Day is surely a step in the right way.
24．A．school B．home C．shop D．street
25．A．place B．building C．society D．environment
26．A．take B．choose C．look D．chase
27．A．thank B．understand C．praise D．remember
28．A．just B．never C．even D．ever
29．A．play B．school C．church D．work
（2020·上海市川沙中学南校七年级期末） A group of frogs were travelling through the forests, but unluckily two of them fell into a hole. The other frogs tried to help them. When they saw how 30 the hole was, they cried to the two frogs that they could not be saved. The two frogs didn't care and tried their best to jump up out of the hole. The other frogs kept saying that they were sure to 31 . Finally, one of the two frogs, who heard what the other frogs were saying, 32 . Then he fell down and died.
The other frog, however, continued to jump as 33 as he could, and at last made it. When he 34 , the other frogs asked, "Didn't you hear us " The frog, who had a poor hearing, explained, "I thought you were encouraging me all the time. "
The story teaches us a 35 : There is power of life and death in the tongue. An encouraging word to those who are down can help them out while a discouraging（泄气的）word can kill them.
30．A．small B．deep C．big D．wide
31．A．die B．dead C．death D．dying
32．A．put up B．stood up C．looked up D．gave up
33．A．hard B．harder C．hardly D．hardworking
34．A．ran away B．got off C．got out D．looked out
35．A．way B．skill C．lesson D．sentence
三、短文首字母填空
（2021·上海市进才中学北校七年级）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
Have you ever wanted to play in a rock band Lots of young people have that dream. Some are lucky enough to make it h36．. One way to make your dream come true is to join a rock school. Yes, there are schools where you can learn how to be a rock star.
Inner City Rock School (ICRS) teaches kids of all a37．. You can learn how to be a rock singer or a rock guitarist. You can learn how to play the drums. You can also learn how to write a rock song.
Mike, aged ten, goes to ICRS for a week each year d38． his school holidays. “I love it!” says Mike.“This year I joined a rock band c39． Kaos. We wrote three great songs. Then at the end of the week there was a concert. We played our songs on stage in front of our family and friends. It was great!”
Leah Crosby is the owner of ICRS. “Rock school is a lot of fun,” she says. “We get some children who are a40． good performers. But we also get a lot of children who have never sung or played in front of anyone. Suddenly these shy children are singing on stage like r41． rock stars! It’s so good for their self-confidence.
（2021·上海市园南中学七年级）在空格内填上所缺的词使短文内容通顺。首字母已给。
Many people believe that a bird’s home and place to sleep is its nest, but is that true
Zoologists (动物学家) have found that birds don’t stay in their nests all night long, even if a storm is coming. Ducks often hide their heads u42． their wings and float(漂浮) on the water at night. Cranes (丹顶鹤) like sleeping on the ground.
Since they don’t s43． in the nests, why do birds still build nests Birds usually lay and hatch (孵化) eggs in their nests. After the birds are hatched, the nests become places for the m44． birds to take care of their chicks. The nests soon become crowded as the chicks g45．. After some time, there is no longer r46． for the mother birds in the nests. After the chicks grow into adult birds, the nests are useless. There are nine thousand kinds of birds on the Earth and most of them only use nests for raising babies. So a bird’s nest is not its home. It doesn’t sleep there at night.
四、阅读回答问题
（2021·上海市进才中学北校七年级） Answer the questions.(根据短文内容回答下列问题）
22 Park Road Washington, D．C Dear Aunt Jessie, We know that Uncle Peter died last Monday. Mother and father stayed with us last weekend and they told us the sad news. Uncle Peter has been ill for a long time, and the cold weather that we unpleasant surprise, all the same. We were unhappy that we could not come and see you both ten days ago, on Uncle Peter’s birthday. Mother told me that he was still the same as before, laughing, and full of life. This is how, I’m sure Nancy and I shall always remember him. He was really a kind man. He liked to play with us, and listen to the stories about all the silly things we did when we were young. I’m sure every child would like to have such a kind uncle. We shall be at the church the day after tomorrow, and of course hope to see you again at Christmas, with all the rest of the family. With love and best wishes. Your sincerely Gavin and Nancy
47．Gavin’ aunt lives is the USA, doesn’t she
________________________________,_________________________________
48．Who told Gavin the sad news
________________________________________________________________
49．How does Gavin like his uncle
________________________________________________________________
50．Where will they go the day after tomorrow
________________________________________________________________
51．If you were Gavin, what would you say when you see Aunt Jessie
________________________________________________________________
（2020·上海浦东新·七年级期末）Read the passage and answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题）：
An interesting tree house
Terry Meredith is 65 years old this year. He is from the UK. People call him “World’s Greatest Grandpa”. Because he built a super cool tree house for his family.
The tree house is in his back yard with two beds, ten seats and a BBQ. It is five metres above the ground. It can hold ten people and even have a party in it. It took the old man eight months to build and he did most of the work and he also got some help from his good friend.
Many people are interested in this tree house. They often ask if they can use the space for special activities and he’s happy to do it. “I want to share the amazing views with my family and friends. It’s a good place to watch the sunset, to hang out with family and have a laugh. I love it.” Mr. Meredith says.
52．Why is Terry Meredith called “World’s Greatest Grandpa”
________________________________________________________________________________
53．How high is the tree house
________________________________________________________________________________
54．Who built the tree house
________________________________________________________________________________
55．People can use the tree house for different activities, can’t they
________________________________________________________________________________
56．Would you like to live in the tree house Why or Why not
________________________________________________________________________________
（2020·上海市川沙中学南校七年级期末） Not many years ago, some farmers were worried because hawks（鹰）were taking many of their chickens. The farmers did not know what to do. Finally they went to the country officials and asked for help.
"Kill the hawks, "the officials said. "We'll even pay you for them. "So the farmers began to think of ways to kill the hawks. The farmers killed many hawks. They no longer had to worry about their chickens. But they now had a new worry. Field mice were eating up a lot of the farmers' grain.
How did this happen Hawks eat not only chickens but also field mice. They eat more field mice than chickens. But the farmers didn't know this. When they kill a lot of hawks, they changed the balance of nature. When people move into a new place, they often destroy many wild ants. Often these plants are food for the animals. If the animals can't find enough plants to eat, they will starve or have to leave the place.
In one part of the United States, for example, the deer there like to eat a certain kind of wild roses. The mountain lions there eat the deer. The number of the deer, mountain lions and wild roses does not change much if people leave things as they are. But people killed many mountain lions in order to protect the deer. Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses. Then the deer began to eat green leaves of the young trees. These trees were important to the farmers. So the farmers thought of ways to protect young trees. Now the deer had nothing to eat and many of them died. This was another lesson from nature.
To keep the balance of nature is important for us to remember.
57．Why were some of the farmers worried
___________________________________________________________
58．They didn't go to the country officials to ask for help, did they
___________________________________________________________
59．What was the farmers' new worry
___________________________________________________________
60．What will happen if animal can't find enough plants to eat
___________________________________________________________
61．How did the people protect the deer
___________________________________________________________
62．What must we remember from the lessons
___________________________________________________________
（2020·上海市卢湾中学七年级期末）
A Day in the Life of a Firefighter
Rob Elliot has worked as a firefighter for eight years. Rob’s day starts at 9 a.m. Rob and other firefighters meet in front of the fire station to get their instructions for the day. “Every day is different,” says Rob. “On some days, I drive the fire engine. On other days, I wear the breathing equipment (呼吸装备) and go to the scenes on fire. I enjoy every part of my job.”
Firefighters rescue people from all kinds of situations (情况).” People call us to road accidents, heavy rain, railroad stops and chemical spills (化学品泄漏),” says Rob.
But firefighters do more than rescuing people. They give first aid (紧急救护), and they clean up and check scenes after an accident. They often work together with the police and doctors. They also teach people about fire safety.
Today, Rob and Jenny, another firefighter, were busy checking the equipment. But suddenly, there was a call. A house was on fire and there were two people trapped (被困) in an upstairs bedroom. The firefighters jumped into the fire engines and raced to the house. Rob and Jenny ran upstairs while the rest of the team used hoses to put out the fire. Rob and Jenny found a mother and a daughter in one of the bedrooms. They opened a window and helped the mother and her little girl to climb down a ladder. Soon the fire was out and everyone was safe. “And it’s still only eleven o’clock!” said Rob.
63．Where do Rob and other firefighters meet to get their instructions for the day
___________________________________________________.
64．Does Rob drive the fire engine every day
_______________, _______________________________.
65．Which sentence in the passage shows Rob Elliot loves his job
____________________________________________________.
66．Besides (除……之外) rescuing people, what else do firefighters do (List two things)
They _________________ and _____________________.
67．Do you want to be a firefighter Why or why not
___________________________________________________.专题07 阅读理解技巧方法梳理及专练
一、初中英语阅读理解技巧
01. 首段和尾段
一篇文章的主题句、中心思想往往出现在文章的首段或者尾段。
许多文章开门见山地在第一段就提出了要说明的对象或者要论证的观点，而文章的最后一段一般也会对全文的说明和论证进行总结。
策略：通过一些标志性词汇或者短语，我们可以更快地找到这些总结性句子，如：all in all, in short, to conclude, in consequence, in summary, in a word, as a result, therefore, accordingly, thus 等。
主题句考查了考生是否能够把握文章大意的能力，因此是常考且几乎是必考的一个考点。
02. 长难句
长难句是阅读理解的主要难度所在，其中包含了同位语、插入语、定语、不定式、分词、各种从句等，有的句子甚至长达好几行。这些复杂的句型也往往成为了出题的重点所在。
策略：加强训练自己对付长难句的能力，平时有意识地去分解这些句子，理解其中的指代关系和句子层次。
03. 列举处
标志性的词汇包括：First, Second, Third; Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly…Finally; First of all, Then, In addition, Further, Furthermore, Besides, Moreover…
策略：把这些词圈起来，考题中一般会出现四个选项对比，这样非常好在文章中找。
04. 举例处
例子往往与作者的说明与论述有很大的关联，具有重大的意义，因此也成为了考题出处的热点。这种题目在文章中的线索非常明显，一般都带有如下的标志性词汇：for example, for instance, take…as an example, as, such as, like 等。
策略：一般文章举例处的前一句或者前几句就是与该例子相关的作者论点，所以在做此类题目的时候就需要追本溯源地往前读，才能保证所选答案的正确率。
05. 因果关系处
表示因果关系的句子是中考英语命题者所青睐的出题来源，因为因果句阐述了两个事件或者事实之间的内在联系，出题者为了考查考生的阅读能力和逻辑分析能力，经常会把含有因果关系的句子倒过来考，因此选项中因变成了果、果变成了因，考生需要注意辨别实际的因果关系，防止受到迷惑。
表示因果关系的词语有：because, because of, so, for, since, as, thus, therefore, consequently, in consequence, as a result; result from, result in, cause, originate from, lead to, attribute to, derive from; base, basis, reason, result, consequence 等。
06. 转折、对比、类比处
文章的转折也是体现作者观点和文章主题的地方，一些明显的转折词包括：but, however, on the contrary, yet, as a matter of fact, in fact, actually 等。
策略：转折词前后的意思一般来说都是相反的，而作者会偏重其中的某一方。因此，在阅读过程中看到转折词，最好能作上标志以方便做题时候的查找。
特别需要指出的是，只要文章第一段中出现一组对比的概念或事物，这个地方往往会成为考题的命题重点。
07. 特殊词汇处
中考英语阅读试题中经常考查考生对于一些词语和词汇的理解，这些特殊词汇包括了平时不经常使用的生僻词、常见词语平时不经常用到的意思或搭配、以及关系代词等。
策略：解题关键在于读懂词汇所在文章位置的上下文，从而推断中其意思。
08. 数字和年代
中考阅读中经常出现对于数字和年代等细节的考查，看似容易，但是考生经常由于疏忽大意而失掉这些最容易的分数。
其中要注意以下几点原则：
如果出现需要进行运算的题目，一般来说文章的原始数据不是正确答案；
如果答案中的四个数字或者时间都与文章的某一个部分相符合，那么要注意这些数字和时间所对应的不同问题，只选择与题目相关的那个数据；
要注意年份和世纪之间的差别，比如1999年就是20世纪，2009年就是21世纪，也就是说世纪的数字是年份的前两个数字加1。
09. 专有名词
所谓的专有名词包括人名、地名、机构名称、书籍文章影视作品的名称以及其他专有名词。在阅读文章的过程中，每遇到专有名词可以用铅笔作上标记，以便如果在题目中出现相应专有名词可以进行快速定位。
10. 最高级词汇
最高级词汇以及其他一些表示唯一性的词汇由于其意义的绝对性，因而不容易产生歧义，所以也经常成为出题对象。
这些词语包括形容词和副词的最高级，以及以下词汇：only, sole(solely), mere(merely), sheer, simply, entirely, absolutely, just, always, forever, never, none, must, all, any(anyone, anybody, anywhere) 等。
11. 引用处
说明文或者议论文中经常引用他人的观点来支持、佐证作者的观点。引文有可能是从正面来支持作者的观点，也有可能是作者通过驳斥反面观点从而论证自己的观点。因此，引文间接地表达了作者自己的观点，有一定的隐蔽性和迷惑性，所以也是出题考查的热点地区，通常会考查考生的推理能力和对作者态度观点的判断能力。
12. 段首和段尾
无论是说明文还是议论文，一篇文章往往会分成几个部分或层次进行说明和论证，每一个段落一般都是一个部分或者层次。英美人写文章的逻辑性非常强，文章结构都非常规范，因此每个段落的首句和尾句也经常是该段落的中心思想句，因此也是出题的重点区域，涉及的问题包括了中心思想题、推理判断题和细节题等。下文也将会提到，在进行快速阅读的时候，考生只需要浏览文章每一段的第一句话就大致能够判断这篇文章的中心思想和主旨。
13. 特殊标点符号
有一些特殊的标点符号也经常成为出题的对象，因此考生应该对以下标点符号的用法较为熟悉：冒号、括号、破折号以及引号。
逗号：两个逗号之间的内容、或者一个逗号后面的内容，通常都起到补充说明第一个逗号前面内容的作用。
冒号：冒号后面的内容通常都是用来解释说明前面的内容，例如前面是抽象的概念后面就是对这个概念的具体说明。
括号：括号中间的内容通常用来解释或补充说明括号前面的内容。
破折号：两个破折号之间的内容、或者一个破折号后面的内容，通常表示解释说明或者补充说明。
引号：表示引用他人的观点，一般用来从正面或者反面支持作者的观点。
相关的考题一般都是关于文章细节的问题。需要注意的是考题在考查标点符号用法是往往不会明确说明，需要考生自己去判断并根据具体情况分析标点符号的用法。
二、完形填空解题技巧
“完形填空（CLOZE TEST）”是初中英语试题中固定而重要的题型。它是一种障碍性的测试题。在一定程度上考查考生的阅读能力、逻辑推理及分析归纳、综合判断能力。这种题型归纳起来有如下特点：
1．在整份试卷中所占的分值较重，占10—15％，长度一般在130—200个单词左右。
2．降低了对单词本身的考查要求，重点考查考生对短文的整体理解，上下文的段落衔接，情理分析及推理判断能力。
3．针对初中学生的实际水平，一般采用故事体，尽量避免专业性太强的文章或论文体。近年来出现了以意义选择为主、语法选择逐渐减少的趋势。
“完形填空”有多种形式，但它在基本设计原则上都是一致的。形式都是从短文中抽去若干词，让考生根据上下文填入适当的词，为了有助于考生填入适当的词，可以提供四个答案（其中包括一个正确答案），让考生选出正确的答案；也可以给出单词首字母完形填空，或者给出字母及单词长度（由几个字母组成）；也可以不给考生提供任何线索，完全凭借考生对文章的理解和现有的语言能力完成。最常见的还是选择型的“完形填空”。
“抽词法”可以是有针对性地抽，也可以是随机地抽。但目前比较流行的是对文章理解能力的考查，而不是单纯对语法结构的考查。
“完形填空”要求考生不仅要会运用自己学过的词汇和语法知识妥善地处理好每个单句，理解语义，还要处理好单句之间以及单句与全文之间的内在关系，选出适当的词填上，使文章完整与通顺。
完形填空题要求填入的词主要有：构成各种时态和用法区别的动词及短语动词；名词和介词；根据上下文意思及结构必须填入的形容词、副词、代词和连词；同义词、近义词等易混词。考查以实词为主，兼顾虚词和语法结构。难点主要集中在根据上下文作正确判断的词的用法上。
“完形填空”旨在测试考生的综合应用语言能力。因此，要做好“完形填空”，不仅要具备一定的词法、句法和惯用法等语法知识，而且还要具备阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和运用语言知识的实践能力。
传统的完形填空(cloze test)通常是将一篇逻辑性较强的短文，留出若干个空，然后采用"四选一"的方法，将短文补充完整。它属于客观题型。如今的完形填空题除保留传统题型的优点外，还采用了选词填空(有多余选项)或根据上下文补全对话(或短文)等主观题型。但事实证明，完形填空通常是同学们较难把握的题型之一，且失分率较高。限于篇幅，本文着重谈谈客观题型的解法。
一、 目标要求
完形填空主要测试学生在具体语言环境中对文章的篇章结构、中心思想、推理判断、词语辨析、习惯用法、固定搭配等方面的能力要求，及对所学英语的综合运用能力、快速阅读理解能力及逻辑推理判断能力等。
二、 解题步骤
在做完形填空题时，通常先弄清语境，并依据上下文进行合理的分析、判断，才能作出恰当的选择。具体可分为以下三步：
1. 通览全文，了解大意
答题时，应先越过空档，通读全文，理顺题意，找出信息词。这是做好完形填空题的关键。因为完形填空的特点是着眼于整体理解。我们如果把短文比作环环相扣的链条，那么由于空格的设置，"链条"从第二句起有些地方就脱节了。有些同学习惯于提笔就填或边读边填，急于求成，然而，欲速则不达，结果往往由于"只见树木不见森林"而事倍功半。因此我们应该依据首句给的启示，通过逻辑思维，借助短文中关键词所提供的信息，越过空档，尽快把全文读完，建立语言的整体感，帮助我们了解短文大意。
2. 综合考虑，先易后难
通览全文后，认真观察选项，瞻前顾后，仔细推敲，逐项选定。经过通读全文，对短文有了整体印象。在此基础上，可以根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，分析这一空格处在句中的地位，前后的关系和它所起的作用，确定最佳答案。遇到困难，暂放一边，先易后难，这是解题之道。当遇到难以判断的空档时，不妨先放一边，继续往下做。因为有些答案是必须通过下文的理解后才能作出断定的。有时，前后信息之间还有相互提示作用。因此，当我们遇到难题时，不能久久停留于此，这样会浪费不必要的时间。
3. 复读检验，消除疏漏
完成所有空档后，还要再次通读全文，看看这时的短文行文是否流畅，意义是否连贯，逻辑关系是否合理。复查时，可从语法入手，检查一下句子的时态、主谓一致、代词的性、数、格以及词语的搭配等是否正确。凡遇疑点，必须根据文章的中心思想，从意义、语法的角度来仔细权衡，加以改正，弥补疏漏。
【例题精讲】
The song “I Believe I Can Fly” has meant the most to me since I was three. I like this song because it tells me there’s ___1___ that I can’t do if I try hard. I didn’t know much of what the song meant a long time ago but as I grew older, I still remembered the song and started to listen to the words. Every time I listen to it, I ___2_ all the difficulties I have overcome (克服).
When I was little, I had to use a wheelchair (轮椅) because there was something wrong with my legs. The doctor said I had little chance of ___3___ but I dreamed to. I knew I had to believe in myself to make my dream come true someday.
One day the doctor told my mother that he could have an operation that would help me walk. So when I was three, I had my first surgery (手术). I was a very active kid so being in bed for six weeks, not being able ___4___, I felt terrible. At the age of five, I felt free when I ___5___ went through the trouble and learned how to walk.
The song says, “I see me running through that open door.” That’s what I felt like: I believed I could fly just like the song says. I’ve depended on the arms of my parents and I’ve always known I had to be ___6___ and it started inside of me. I’ve always believed I can touch the sky.
1.A) nothing B) everything C) something D) anything
2.A) prepare for B) hear from C) think about D) happen to
3.A) singing B) walking C) flying D) listening
4.A) hold B) talk C) wave D) move
5.A) suddenly B) finally C) carefully D) immediately
6.A) strong B) noisy C) weak D) quiet
【答案】1-6 ACBDBA
【分析】
考查复合不定代词。根据文章，作者认为我相信我可以飞翔对他意义非凡，也就是说这首歌告诉他没有什么他做不到。故选A.
考察介词词组搭配。A为...做准备.B.收到某人的来信.C.想到、想起D.发生.根据句意：每次我听到这首歌，我会想到我克服的所有困难。故选C
考查动词。根据前后文，作者的腿部有些问题，因此可以推测医生说作者应该几乎没有走路的可能。故选B.
考查动词。根据文章I was a very active kid so being in bed for six weeks 可知，作者是比较活跃的人，因此在床上躺六周，不能够移动作业感到极其的糟糕。故选D.
考查连词。前文作者说在三岁的时候进行了手术，医生说可以帮助作业走路，现在作者五岁，经过两年的治疗，作者终于可以克服困难，学会如何走路了。故选B.
考查形容词。根据句意，I’ve depended on the arms of my parents 作者一直依赖父母的双臂，因此作者知道自己必须要变得强壮，BCD词义不符合，故选A.
首字母填空解题技巧
考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词这几大词类。
通读全文，了解大意
短文中虽有一些词未知，但不影响对文章主要内容的理解。在初步阅读中，可以跳过空格，尽量捕捉文章所提供的内容信息，以及语法结构方面的提示，有助于下一步的分析与判断。
再读全文，理清脉络
通读全文、掌握大意后，还应逐字逐句地仔细阅读，从文意中找出句与文、句与句、词与句、词与词之间的关系，尤其是一些不易察觉的、隐含的微妙关系，用已知信息去获取未知信息，以便初步确定答案。 注意：填入的词既能使句意通顺，又能做到语法、用词搭配的正确。如bought易误答成buy；lights易误答成light；reaches易误答成reach; heavier易误答成heavy等。 因此，在初步确定答案后，一定还要反复考虑，仔细推敲，确保用词准确
复读全文，全面检查
做完题后，一定要认真检查，尽量减少粗心所致的笔误或拼写错误，对有疑问的地方，更要根据文章的内容、上下文的语法结构、逻辑发展进行反复斟酌，这样才能尽量避免失分。
【例题精讲】
Tom was o___1___ ten years old, but he liked travelling very much. He was studying in a primary school. Last week he went on a school trip w___2____ his teachers and classmates. They s____3____ about one hour on the bus and finally got to the hill. They found a valley(山谷) full of roses. Many bees and butterflies were f_____4____ around them. They walked through the valley and enjoyed those b___5______ flowers and butterflies. After they got to the top of the hill, they had a picnic. Then they began to play games on the hill. When it was the time to go home, they were a little tired but happy, b___6____ they had a happy day there.
【答案】1.over 2.with 3.spent 4.flying 5.beautiful 6.because
【分析】
1.细节理解题。后文提到but，所以就是刚超过over。
2.细节理解题。后文提到they,所以是和大家一起旅行，所以就是with。
3.推理判断题。他们花了一个小时在公交车上，花时间是spent，故选D。
4.推理判断题。蜜蜂和蝴蝶是飞舞的，故填flying。
5.推理判断题。花儿和蝴蝶，所以找一个形容词修饰花儿，故选beautiful。
6.推理判断题。他们很累，但是很开心，因为他们度过很开心的一天，故填because。
初中阅读理解A、B、C、D专练
一、阅读单选
（2021·上海市进才中学北校七年级）
Post your problems on the blog(博客) and get other bloggers’ advice!
My problem is my parents. They never stop going on about how I should keep my room tidy, keep my hair tidy and wear smart clothes. They even make me do the washing-up after dinner every night! What should I do Helen, USA Hi, Helen. I think you should do what your parents ask. You should respect them. It’s their house you live in and their money you spend. Emily. New Zealand Why do you think you are the only one with parents like that All parents are the same. They don’t understand that fashions have changed in the last 30 years. Tom, England Helen, why should your parents do all the housework You should help around the house. I think it is OK for students to wear school uniforms. Teenagers should look like teenagers. Simon, Scotland
My best friend had suddenly become an ex-friend and I don’t know why! Last week we phoned each other every day and emailed too. But at school on Monday she didn’t look at me or speak to me. I don’t know what I’ve done. Gimbya, India I feel sorry for you, Gimbya. My best friend did the same to me and I still don’t know the reason. Could you ask another friend to speak to her for you George, France Don’t worry about it so much! Phone your friend up as usual and she won’t be able to ignore you. Everything will be fine. Aisha Nigeria
1．There are ________ pieces of advice in all(总共）in the passage above.
A．2 B．3 C．5 D．7
2．Helen’s problem is about her ________.
A．classmates B．study C．homework D．parents
3．Gimbya complains(抱怨) about his ________ in his blog.
A．pet B．friend C．teacher D．brother
4．________ has the same problem with Gimbya.
A．George B．Aisha C．Helen D．Simon
5．________ don’t agree with Helen. They think she should change her idea.
A．Tom and Emily B．Emily and Simon
C．Simon and Tom D．Tom and Aisha
6．In Simon’s opinion, ________.
A．children should be up-to-date(上时代的)
B．students needn’t wear school uniforms
C．parents should do all the housework for children
D．children should help to do the housework
【答案】
1．C
2．D
3．B
4．A
5．B
6．D
【分析】
本文是Helen和Gimbya在博客上发表了自己的困扰，其他人给出了相应的建议。
1．
细节理解题。根据“Helen, USA”“Emily. New Zealand”“Tom, England”“Gimbya, India”“George, France”可知，一共有五条建议，故选C。
2．
细节理解题。根据“My problem is my parents”可知，Helen的问题是有关父母的，故选D。
3．
细节理解题。根据“My best friend had suddenly become an ex-friend and I don’t know why”可知，Gimbya抱怨自己的朋友，故选B。
4．
细节理解题。根据“I feel sorry for you, Gimbya. My best friend did the same to me and I still don’t know the reason”及“George”可知，George与他有同样的问题，故选A。
5．
细节理解题。根据“I think you should do what your parents ask”“Emily”及“I think it is OK for students to wear school uniforms”“Simon”可知，Emily和Simon认为她应该改变自己的想法，故选B。
6．
细节理解题。根据“I think it is OK for students to wear school uniforms”及“Simon”可知，在Simon看来，孩子应该帮助做家务，故选D。
（2020·上海浦东新·七年级期末）
We need you!
Teach Music Clean People's Park Help Old People
Are you good at singing or dancing Do you have a loving heart We need three people to work as Music teachers in SOS Children's Villages. If you are free for three hours every weekend, join us. Tel:0398-8858518 E-mail:lovekids@ We need five people who are strong and can help clean up People's Park. We need you to help pick up, collect and sort rubbish. If you are free for four hours this weekend, come and join us! Tel:0398-8651518 E-mail: cleanpark@ We need four people to help at Xinxin Nursing Home. You should be good at talking with old people. Your job is to wash clothes for them. If you can take out two hours on May 6, come and join us! Tel:0398-8656869 E-mail: homelove@
7．The SOS Children's Villages want ________teachers.
A．Dance B．Music C．Maths D．English
8．If you want to help make People's Park clean, you have to work________.
A．this weekend B．every weekend C．every weekday D．on May 6
9．The underlined word 'sort' means '________'.
A．乱扔 B．捡起 C．收集 D．分类
10．To work at Xinxin Nursing Home, you need to do well in ________.
A．singing and dancing B．collecting rubbish
C．talking with the old D．washing dishes
11．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true
A．It may be tiring to do the cleaning work in People's Park.
B．Of the three jobs, the work of helping old people takes the shortest time.
C．If you want to do the teaching job, you can send an e-mail to lovekids@.
D．Eleven people are needed altogether.
12．Where can you most probably find this passage
A．In a newspaper. B．In a sports magazine. C．In a storybook. D．On a map.
【答案】
7．B
8．A
9．D
10．C
11．D
12．A
【分析】
本文介绍了三则工作招聘广告：SOS儿童村需要三位音乐教师，在人们公园打扫卫生需要五个人，在欣欣敬老院工作需要四个人。
7．细节理解题。根据“We need three people to work as Music teachers in SOS Children's Villages.”可知，SOS儿童村需要音乐教师。故选B。
8．细节理解题。根据“Clean People's Park，If you are free for four hours this weekend, come and join us!”可知，如果你想要打扫人民公园，你必须在这个周末工作，故选A。
9．词义猜测题。throw about乱扔，pick up捡起，collect收集，sort分类。根据“We need you to help pick up, collect and sort rubbish.”可知，我们需要捡起垃圾，收集垃圾，然后进行垃圾分类。故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据“We need four people to help at Xinxin Nursing Home. You should be good at talking with old people. Your job is to wash clothes for them.”可知，在欣欣敬老院工作，你需要能与老人好好交谈。故选C。
11．推理判断题。根据“We need five people who are strong and can help clean up People's Park.”可知，打扫人民公园需要强壮的人，可能是比较累的工作，因此A项正确。根据“If you are free for three hours every weekend, join us.”可知，在SOS儿童村教音乐需要3个小时。根据“If you are free for four hours this weekend, come and join us!”可知，打扫人民公园需要4个小时。根据“If you can take out two hours on May 6, come and join us!”可知，帮助老人需要2个小时，因此在这三份工作中，帮助老人的工作花费的时间最短。因此B项正确。根据“Teach Music，E-mail:lovekids@”可知，如果你想做教学工作，你可以发送电子邮件到lovekids@。因此C项正确。根据“We need three people to work as Music teachers in SOS Children's Villages.”可知，在SOS儿童村教音乐需要3个人，根据“We need five people who are strong and can help clean up People's Park.”可知，在人民公园打扫需要5个人，根据“We need four people to help at Xinxin Nursing Home. ”可知，在欣欣敬老院工作需要4个人，3+5+4=12人，一共需要12个人，不是11个人，因此D项不正确。故选D。
12．推理判断题。根据“We need you! Teach Music，Clean People's Park，Help Old People”可知，本文介绍了三则招聘广告，因此是来自报纸，故选A。
【点睛】
二、完型填空
It’s well known that everyone should dress properly on every occasion (场合). Dressing is very important. We also change our clothes when weather changes. We choose different clothes in different seasons. In China, the temperature of 13 season changes greatly. It is very different in summer and in winter. So the clothes people wear are very different. Liu Mei comes from the north of China. In winter it is really 14 there. People all wear thick clothes. She usually wears a sweater or 15 warm clothes and shoes. In spring, it is windy. Liu Mei likes wearing windbreakers (风衣). She says that she does not like spring. She likes summer very much, 16 she can wear different colourful clothes, such as shorts, T-shirts and sports shoes. In autumn, it is cool. Liu Mei likes wearing casual clothes (休闲装), 17 jeans and jackets. They make her look very beautiful. What kind of clothes do you like best Do you live in a city that has different seasons
13．A．both B．no C．another D．every
14．A．cold B．warm C．cool D．hot
15．A．many B．another C．other D．much
16．A．so B．because C．but D．and
17．A．really B．finally C．especially D．specially
【答案】
13．D
14．A
15．C
16．B
17．C
【分析】
本文主要介绍了不同的季节穿着的重要性，并以刘梅为例，介绍了一年四季她的穿着。
13．
句意：在中国，每个季节的温度变化很大。
both都；no不；another另一个；every每个。根据“the temperature of…season”可知，此处指每个季节的温度，故选D。
14．
句意：在冬季那真的很冷。
cold寒冷的；warm暖和的；cool凉爽的；hot热的。根据“People all wear thick clothes”可知，冬天很冷，故选A。
15．
句意：她通常穿毛衣或其他暖和的衣服和鞋子。
many许多；another另一个；other其他的；much许多。根据“She usually wears a sweater or…warm clothes and shoes”可知，此处指其他的暖和的衣服和鞋子，用other修饰复数名词，故选C。
16．
句意：她非常喜欢夏天，因为她可以穿不同颜色的衣服，如短裤，t恤和运动鞋。
so因此；because因为；but但是；and和。空格后是解释喜欢夏天的原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故选B。
17．
句意：刘梅喜欢穿休闲装，尤其是牛仔裤和夹克。
really真的；finally最终；especially尤其；specially专门地。根据“casual clothes (休闲装),… jeans and jackets”可知，此处强调喜欢穿哪种休闲装，故选C。
（2020·上海浦东新·七年级期末）Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文，用A、B、C、D等表示）:
One of the most necessary things in the world is making friends. If you have a good friend, you are lucky. A good friend is more 18 than money or anything else in the world. You don’t have to be rich but you cannot have no friends. Sometimes your friend is the only one stands 19 you.
How can we make friends in the 20 way First, you must know the person you want to make friends with. If you find he often tells 21 , or he doesn’t help others in trouble, you’d better not make friends with him. A good friend will be happy when you win. Also, he will be sad if you 22 . If you have some questions about your studies, he will be quite willing to teach you 23 you understand. If you want to have this kind of friend, you must try your best to be like this. If you do that, I’m sure you will have many good friends.
18．A．lovely B．important C．useless D．exciting
19．A．out of B．in front of C．next to D．opposite to
20．A．lucky B．fast C．easy D．correct
21．A．lies B．stories C．jokes D．truths
22．A．rise B．fail C．move D．change
23．A．when B．after C．since D．until
【答案】
18．B
19．C
20．D
21．A
22．B
23．D
【分析】
文章大意：交朋友是世界上最重要的事情之一。如果你有一个好朋友，你是幸运的。本文介绍了我们如何以正确的方式交朋友。
18．句意：一个好朋友比金钱或世界上的任何东西都重要。
考查形容词及语境理解。lovely可爱的；important重要的；useless无用的；exciting令人兴奋的。根据下文You don’t have to be rich but you cannot have no friends.你不必很富有，但你不能没有朋友。结合A good friend is more _1_ than money or anything else in the world.及选项，可知是一个好朋友比金钱或世界上的任何东西都重要，故答案选B。
19．句意：有时候你的朋友是唯一站在你身边的人。
考查介词短语及语境理解。out of由于，从；in front of在…前面；next to旁边、紧挨着；opposite to在…对面。联系上文语境“一个好朋友比金钱或世界上的任何东西都重要”，结合Sometimes your friend is the only one stands _2_ you.可知句意是有时候你的朋友是唯一站在你身边的人，故答案选C。
20．句意：我们怎样才能以正确的方式交朋友？
考查形容词及语境理解。lucky幸运的；fast快速的；easy容易的；correct正确的、恰当的。根据下文的描述，可知是告诉我们如何以正确的方式交朋友，故答案选D。
21．句意：如果你发现他经常说谎，或者他不帮助有困难的人。
考查名词及语境理解。lies谎言；stories故事；jokes笑话；truths真理。根据下文he doesn’t help others in trouble, 他不帮助有困难的人，以及you’d better not make friends with him. 你最好不要和他交朋友。可知此处说的是这个人的缺点，故答案选A。
22．句意：如果你失败了，他会很伤心。
考查动词及语境理解。rise升起、上升；fail失败；move移动；change改变。根据上文A good friend will be happy when you win.一个好朋友当你赢了的时候他会很高兴，结合he will be sad if you _5__.及备选词汇，可知句意是如果你失败了，他会很伤心。故答案选B。
23．句意：如果你对你的学习有疑问，他会很乐意教你，直到你明白为止。
考查连词及语境理解。when当…时候；after在…之后；since自…以来；until直到…为止。联系上文语境一个好朋友当你赢了的时候他会很高兴，如果你失败了，他会很伤心。结合If you have some questions about your studies, he will be quite willing to teach you __6__ you understand.可知是如果你对你的学习有疑问，他会很乐意教你，直到你明白为止。故答案选D。
【点睛】
解答完形填空首先要通读全文，掌握大意。结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容。在理解全文意思的基础上，结合文章内容对空缺句子作合乎逻辑的推理。必须弄清空缺词句的确切含义，空缺词句与其前后句的意义衔接必须自然、合理，最后根据语境，结合选项，选出正确答案。如，第3小题，根据下文的描述，可知是告诉我们如何以正确的方式交朋友，故答案选D。第5小题，根据上文A good friend will be happy when you win.一个好朋友当你赢了的时候他会很高兴，结合he will be sad if you _5__.及备选词汇，可知句意是如果你失败了，他会很伤心。故答案选B。
（2020·上海市卢湾中学七年级期末） April 27 is a special day in Britain. It’s called ‘Take Our Daughters & Sons to Work Day’. It was brought to Britain in 1994 from America. On that day thousands of children take a day off 24 and go with one of their parents to their work places. By doing this, it can teach young boys and girls more about the 25 where they live. This day is more than just taking the child to work. It’s about learning real world experiences. Some things can’t be taught in the classroom. Now the children can have a close look at what their parents are doing. This may help them when they have to 26 a job.
Mary, a girl of 17, experienced a day of work at her mother’s office. This helped her 27 her mother’s work better. She said that this made her feel more confident about her future. Schools and many companies support the activity, too. Some schools 28 make the day a necessary part of school life. It is thought that teenagers with more self-confidence are more likely (可能的) to be successful than common boys and girls. If parents can set good examples both at 29 and at home for them, they will do better than others. Take Our Daughters & Sons to Work Day is surely a step in the right way.
24．A．school B．home C．shop D．street
25．A．place B．building C．society D．environment
26．A．take B．choose C．look D．chase
27．A．thank B．understand C．praise D．remember
28．A．just B．never C．even D．ever
29．A．play B．school C．church D．work
【答案】
24．A
25．C
26．B
27．B
28．C
29．D
【分析】
本文讲述了4月27日在英国是个特殊的日子，在那一天，成千上万的孩子请一天假，和他们的父母一起去上班。通过这样做，它可以教年轻的男孩和女孩更多关于他们生活的社会。如果父母能在工作和家庭中为他们树立良好的榜样，他们会比别人做得更好。
24．句意：在那一天，成千上万的孩子请一天假，和他们的父母一起去上班。
school学校；home家；shop商店；street街道；根据“go with one of their parents to their work places”和他们的父母一起去上班，所以是从学校请假，故选A。
25．句意：通过这样做，它可以教年轻的男孩和女孩更多关于他们生活的社会。
place地方；building建筑物；society社会；environment环境；根据“go with one of their parents to their work places”和他们的父母一起去上班，所以是了解社会，故选C。
26．句意：这可能有助于他们选择工作。
take拿；choose选择；look看；chase追逐；根据“the children can have a close look at what their parents are doing”现在孩子们可以仔细看看他们的父母在做什么，所以此处是选择工作，故选B。
27．句意：这帮助她更好地理解她妈妈的工作。
thank谢谢；understand理解；praise称赞；remember记住；根据“experienced a day of work at her mother’s office”在她妈妈的办公室里工作了一天，所以更好地理解，故选B。
28．句意：有些学校把这一天作为学校生活中必不可少的一部分。
just仅仅；never从不；even甚至；ever曾经；根据“Schools and many companies support the activity，Some schools___5___make the day a necessary part of school life.”学校和许多公司也支持这项活动，所以此处是甚至，故选C。
29．句意：如果父母能在工作和家庭中为他们树立良好的榜样，他们会比别人做得更好。
play玩；school学校；church教堂；work工作；根据“ If parents can set good examples both at___6___and at home for them”如果父母能在 和家庭中为他们树立良好的榜样，结合前面说去父母的单位学习，所以此处是工作，故选D。
（2020·上海市川沙中学南校七年级期末） A group of frogs were travelling through the forests, but unluckily two of them fell into a hole. The other frogs tried to help them. When they saw how 30 the hole was, they cried to the two frogs that they could not be saved. The two frogs didn't care and tried their best to jump up out of the hole. The other frogs kept saying that they were sure to 31 . Finally, one of the two frogs, who heard what the other frogs were saying, 32 . Then he fell down and died.
The other frog, however, continued to jump as 33 as he could, and at last made it. When he 34 , the other frogs asked, "Didn't you hear us " The frog, who had a poor hearing, explained, "I thought you were encouraging me all the time. "
The story teaches us a 35 : There is power of life and death in the tongue. An encouraging word to those who are down can help them out while a discouraging（泄气的）word can kill them.
30．A．small B．deep C．big D．wide
31．A．die B．dead C．death D．dying
32．A．put up B．stood up C．looked up D．gave up
33．A．hard B．harder C．hardly D．hardworking
34．A．ran away B．got off C．got out D．looked out
35．A．way B．skill C．lesson D．sentence
【答案】
30．B
31．A
32．D
33．A
34．C
35．C
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了两只小青蛙掉到了洞里，其中一只听从其它青蛙的沮丧的话语最终死亡，另一只青蛙误以为其它青蛙在鼓励自己，最终得救，该故事告诉了我们语言的力量。
30．
句意：当它们看到洞有多深时，它们向两只青蛙哭喊说它们不能得救。
small小的；deep深的；big大的；wide广阔的。由下文“they could not be saved”可知，洞很深，所以它们认为那两只青蛙不能得救。故选B。
31．
句意：其它的青蛙一直说它们肯定会死。
die死亡，动词；dead死亡的，形容词；death死亡，名词；dying临终的，形容词。由“they were sure to____”可知，be sure to do sth肯定会做某事，故此处应为动词原形die。故选A。
32．
句意：最后，两只青蛙中的一只听了其它青蛙的话，放弃了。
put up张贴；stood up站立；looked up查阅；gave up放弃。由下文“Then he fell down and died”可知，一只青蛙听了其它青蛙的话，放弃了从洞中跳出来，最后摔死了。故选D。
33．
句意：然而，另一只青蛙继续努力地跳，最后成功了。
hard努力地，副词原级；harder更努力的，比较级；hardly几乎不，副词；hardworking勤勉的，形容词。由“continued to jump as _____as he could”可知，它继续努力地跳，as…as中间应接形容词或副词原级，故此处应用副词hard，修饰动词jump。故选A。
34．
句意：当它出来的时候，其它的青蛙问：“你没听见我们说话吗？”
ran away逃跑；got off 下车；got out从……出来；looked out小心。由上文“and at last made it.”可知，青蛙经过努力，最终从洞中出来了。故选C。
35．
句意：这个故事给了我们一个教训：语言有决定生死的力量。
way方式；skill技巧；lesson教训；sentence句子。由下文“There is power of life and death in the tongue…”可知，我们从这则故事中学到了“语言有决定生死的力量”这个道理，故这个故事给了我们一个教训。故选C。
三、短文首字母填空
（2021·上海市进才中学北校七年级）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
Have you ever wanted to play in a rock band Lots of young people have that dream. Some are lucky enough to make it h36．. One way to make your dream come true is to join a rock school. Yes, there are schools where you can learn how to be a rock star.
Inner City Rock School (ICRS) teaches kids of all a37．. You can learn how to be a rock singer or a rock guitarist. You can learn how to play the drums. You can also learn how to write a rock song.
Mike, aged ten, goes to ICRS for a week each year d38． his school holidays. “I love it!” says Mike.“This year I joined a rock band c39． Kaos. We wrote three great songs. Then at the end of the week there was a concert. We played our songs on stage in front of our family and friends. It was great!”
Leah Crosby is the owner of ICRS. “Rock school is a lot of fun,” she says. “We get some children who are a40． good performers. But we also get a lot of children who have never sung or played in front of anyone. Suddenly these shy children are singing on stage like r41． rock stars! It’s so good for their self-confidence.
【答案】
36．(h)appen
37．(a)ges
38．(d)uring
39．(c)alled
40．(a)lways
41．(r)eal
【分析】
文章大意：你曾经想过在摇滚乐队演奏吗？很多年轻人都有这样的梦想。有些人很幸运能够实现。实现梦想的一个方法是加入摇滚学校，并介绍了市中心摇滚学院(ICRS)可以帮你实现该梦想。
36．
句意：有些人足够幸运，能够让它实现。根据“Lots of young people have that dream.”和“Some are lucky ”可知，此处指“实现梦想”，结合首字母可知，此处用“make it happen”表示。故填(h)appen。
37．
句意：市中心摇滚学校(ICRS)教授所有年龄的孩子。根据“teaches kids of all ...”及首字母可知，此处指所有年龄段的孩子，age符合语境；all后跟名词复数，故填(a)ges。
38．
句意：迈克，十岁，每年学校放假的时候都会去ICRS一个星期。根据“his school holidays”及首字母可知，此处用“during+时间段”表示“在……期间”。故填(d)uring。
39．
句意：今年我加入了一个叫Kaos的摇滚乐队。Kaos是乐队的名词，结合首字母可知，此处用过去分词called作后置定语。故填(c)alled。
40．
句意：我们有些孩子总是表现很好。根据“who are ... good performers”结合首字母可知，此处指“表现总是很好”，always符合语境。故填(a)lways。
41．
句意：突然，这些害羞的孩子们在舞台上像真正的摇滚明星一样唱歌了。根据“like ...rock stars”及首字母可知，此处指“像真正的明星一样”，real符合语境，在句中作定语。故填(r)eal。
（2021·上海市园南中学七年级）在空格内填上所缺的词使短文内容通顺。首字母已给。
Many people believe that a bird’s home and place to sleep is its nest, but is that true
Zoologists (动物学家) have found that birds don’t stay in their nests all night long, even if a storm is coming. Ducks often hide their heads u42． their wings and float(漂浮) on the water at night. Cranes (丹顶鹤) like sleeping on the ground.
Since they don’t s43． in the nests, why do birds still build nests Birds usually lay and hatch (孵化) eggs in their nests. After the birds are hatched, the nests become places for the m44． birds to take care of their chicks. The nests soon become crowded as the chicks g45．. After some time, there is no longer r46． for the mother birds in the nests. After the chicks grow into adult birds, the nests are useless. There are nine thousand kinds of birds on the Earth and most of them only use nests for raising babies. So a bird’s nest is not its home. It doesn’t sleep there at night.
【答案】
42．(u)nder
43．(s)leep
44．(m)other
45．(g)row
46．(r)oom
【分析】
本文解释了鸟儿不在巢里睡觉，却还要筑巢的原因。
42．
句意：鸭子晚上经常把头藏在翅膀下浮在水面上。根据“hide their heads …their wings”及首字母可知，把头藏在翅膀下，under“在……下”，故填(u)nder。
43．
句意：既然鸟儿不在巢里睡觉，为什么还要筑巢呢？前文描述了鸭子晚上在水上漂浮，丹顶鹤睡在地上，所以此处反问不在巢里睡觉，为什么还要筑巢，助动词don’t后接动词原形，故填(s)leep。
44．
句意：当鸟孵化后，巢就成了鸟妈妈照顾雏鸟的地方。根据“ the … birds to take care of their chicks”及下文“the mother birds”可知，此处指鸟妈妈，故填(m)other。
45．
句意：随着雏鸟的成长，巢很快就变得拥挤起来。根据“The nests soon become crowded as the chicks”可知，雏鸟长大了，鸟巢就变得拥挤，句子是一般现在时，主语是复数形式，动词用原形，故填(g)row。
46．
句意：过了一段时间，巢里再也没有母鸟的空间了。根据“there is no longer …for the mother birds in the nests”及首字母可知，鸟巢没有鸟妈妈的空间了，room“空间”，不可数名词，故填(r)oom。
四、阅读回答问题
（2021·上海市进才中学北校七年级） Answer the questions.(根据短文内容回答下列问题）
22 Park Road Washington, D．C Dear Aunt Jessie, We know that Uncle Peter died last Monday. Mother and father stayed with us last weekend and they told us the sad news. Uncle Peter has been ill for a long time, and the cold weather that we unpleasant surprise, all the same. We were unhappy that we could not come and see you both ten days ago, on Uncle Peter’s birthday. Mother told me that he was still the same as before, laughing, and full of life. This is how, I’m sure Nancy and I shall always remember him. He was really a kind man. He liked to play with us, and listen to the stories about all the silly things we did when we were young. I’m sure every child would like to have such a kind uncle. We shall be at the church the day after tomorrow, and of course hope to see you again at Christmas, with all the rest of the family. With love and best wishes. Your sincerely Gavin and Nancy
47．Gavin’ aunt lives is the USA, doesn’t she
________________________________,_________________________________
48．Who told Gavin the sad news
________________________________________________________________
49．How does Gavin like his uncle
________________________________________________________________
50．Where will they go the day after tomorrow
________________________________________________________________
51．If you were Gavin, what would you say when you see Aunt Jessie
________________________________________________________________
【答案】
47． Yes she does.
48．His mother and father.
49．He thinks his uncle was really a kind man. He liked to play with him.
50．They will go to the church.
51．I hope you take care of yourself. I’ll come to see you often.答案合理即可。
【分析】
本文是Gavin和Nancy写信给Jessie阿姨表达对于Peter叔叔去世的难过，以及回忆了与Peter叔叔度过的美好时光。
47．
根据“Washington, D. C”可知，Jessie阿姨住在美国华盛顿，故填Yes, she does.
48．
根据“Mother and father stayed with us last weekend and they told us the sad news”可知，是他的爸爸和妈妈告诉了他这个坏消息，故填His mother and father.
49．
根据“He was really a kind man. He liked to play with us”可知，他是一个善良的人，他总是跟他玩耍，故填He thinks his uncle was really a kind man. He liked to play with him.
50．
根据“We shall be at the church the day after tomorrow,”可知，他们会去教堂，故填They will go to the church.
51．
开放性题，答案合理即可。参考答案为：I hope you take care of yourself. I’ll come to see you often.
（2020·上海浦东新·七年级期末）Read the passage and answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题）：
An interesting tree house
Terry Meredith is 65 years old this year. He is from the UK. People call him “World’s Greatest Grandpa”. Because he built a super cool tree house for his family.
The tree house is in his back yard with two beds, ten seats and a BBQ. It is five metres above the ground. It can hold ten people and even have a party in it. It took the old man eight months to build and he did most of the work and he also got some help from his good friend.
Many people are interested in this tree house. They often ask if they can use the space for special activities and he’s happy to do it. “I want to share the amazing views with my family and friends. It’s a good place to watch the sunset, to hang out with family and have a laugh. I love it.” Mr. Meredith says.
52．Why is Terry Meredith called “World’s Greatest Grandpa”
________________________________________________________________________________
53．How high is the tree house
________________________________________________________________________________
54．Who built the tree house
________________________________________________________________________________
55．People can use the tree house for different activities, can’t they
________________________________________________________________________________
56．Would you like to live in the tree house Why or Why not
________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
52．Because he built a super cool tree house for his family.
53．It is five metres above the ground./Five metres above the ground.
54．Terry Meredith and his good friends./Terry and his good friends.
55．Yes. /Yes, they can.
56．Yes. Because it’s interesting/wonderful …… to live in the tree house /No. Because it is too high. (Any reasonable answer can be accepted.)
【分析】
文章大意：文章介绍了Terry Meredith为家人建造的树屋。树屋在他的后院，有两张床，十个座位和一个烧烤架。它离地五米。它可以容纳十个人。他经常和他的家人、朋友利用这个空间做一些特别的活动。
52．细节理解题。题意：为什么Terry Meredith被称为“世界上最伟大的爷爷” 根据People call him “World’s Greatest Grandpa”. Because he built a super cool tree house for his family. 人们称他为“世界上最伟大的爷爷”。因为他为他的家人建了一个超级酷的树屋。可知人们称Terry Meredith为“世界上最伟大的爷爷”，是因为他为他的家人建了一个超级酷的树屋，故答案为Because he built a super cool tree house for his family.
53．细节理解题。题意：树屋有多高 根据It is five metres above the ground.它离地五米。可知树屋离地五米高，故答案为It is five metres above the ground./Five metres above the ground.
54．细节理解题。题意：谁建造了树屋 根据It took the old man eight months to build and he did most of the work and he also got some help from his good friend. 老人花了八个月的时间来建造树屋，他做了大部分的工作，他也从他的好朋友那里得到了一些帮助。可知Terry Meredith和他的朋友们建造了树屋，故答案为Terry Meredith and his good friends. / Terry and his good friends.
55．细节理解题。题意：人们可以用树屋做不同的活动，不是吗 根据They often ask if they can use the space for special activities and he’s happy to do it.他们经常问他是否可以利用这个空间做一些特别的活动，他很乐意这么做。由此可知这里应作肯定回答，故答案为Yes. /Yes, they can.
56．开放性试题。题意：你想住在树屋吗 为什么或为什么不 本题为开放性试题，学生根据自己的理解作答，只要表述正确，言之有理即可。答案可以为Yes. Because it’s interesting/wonderful …… to live in the tree house /No. Because it is too high. (Any reasonable answer can be accepted.)
（2020·上海市川沙中学南校七年级期末） Not many years ago, some farmers were worried because hawks（鹰）were taking many of their chickens. The farmers did not know what to do. Finally they went to the country officials and asked for help.
"Kill the hawks, "the officials said. "We'll even pay you for them. "So the farmers began to think of ways to kill the hawks. The farmers killed many hawks. They no longer had to worry about their chickens. But they now had a new worry. Field mice were eating up a lot of the farmers' grain.
How did this happen Hawks eat not only chickens but also field mice. They eat more field mice than chickens. But the farmers didn't know this. When they kill a lot of hawks, they changed the balance of nature. When people move into a new place, they often destroy many wild ants. Often these plants are food for the animals. If the animals can't find enough plants to eat, they will starve or have to leave the place.
In one part of the United States, for example, the deer there like to eat a certain kind of wild roses. The mountain lions there eat the deer. The number of the deer, mountain lions and wild roses does not change much if people leave things as they are. But people killed many mountain lions in order to protect the deer. Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses. Then the deer began to eat green leaves of the young trees. These trees were important to the farmers. So the farmers thought of ways to protect young trees. Now the deer had nothing to eat and many of them died. This was another lesson from nature.
To keep the balance of nature is important for us to remember.
57．Why were some of the farmers worried
___________________________________________________________
58．They didn't go to the country officials to ask for help, did they
___________________________________________________________
59．What was the farmers' new worry
___________________________________________________________
60．What will happen if animal can't find enough plants to eat
___________________________________________________________
61．How did the people protect the deer
___________________________________________________________
62．What must we remember from the lessons
___________________________________________________________
【答案】
57．Because hawks were taking many of their chickens.
58．Yes, they did.
59．Field mice were eating up a lot of their grain.
60．They will starve or have to leave the place.
61．They killed many mountain lions. /By killing many mountain lions.
62．We must keep the balance of nature .
【分析】
本文主要通过介绍农民猎杀老鹰保护鸡，以及人们猎杀美洲狮保护鹿的事例告诫我们要保持自然界的平衡。
57．
根据文中some farmers were worried because hawks（鹰）were taking many of their chickens可知，农民担心是因为老鹰吃了他们很多的鸡。故填Because hawks were taking many of their chickens.
58．
根据文中Finally they went to the country officials and asked for help.可知，农民们最后去找国家官员寻求帮助。故填Yes, they did.
59．
根据文中But they now had a new worry. Field mice were eating up a lot of the farmers' grain.可知，农民现在担心田鼠吃光了很多粮食。故填.Field mice were eating up a lot of their grain.
60．
根据文中If the animals can't find enough plants to eat, they will starve or have to leave the place.可知，如果动物找不到足够的植物吃，它们就会饿死或不得不离开这个地方。故填They will starve or have to leave the place.
61．
根据文中But people killed many mountain lions in order to protect the deer. 可知，人们通过猎杀美洲狮来保护鹿。故填They killed many mountain lions. /By killing many mountain lions.
62．
根据文中To keep the balance of nature is important for us to remember.可知，我们必须牢记要保持自然界的平衡。故填We must keep the balance of nature .
【点睛】
（2020·上海市卢湾中学七年级期末） A Day in the Life of a Firefighter
Rob Elliot has worked as a firefighter for eight years. Rob’s day starts at 9 a.m. Rob and other firefighters meet in front of the fire station to get their instructions for the day. “Every day is different,” says Rob. “On some days, I drive the fire engine. On other days, I wear the breathing equipment (呼吸装备) and go to the scenes on fire. I enjoy every part of my job.”
Firefighters rescue people from all kinds of situations (情况).” People call us to road accidents, heavy rain, railroad stops and chemical spills (化学品泄漏),” says Rob.
But firefighters do more than rescuing people. They give first aid (紧急救护), and they clean up and check scenes after an accident. They often work together with the police and doctors. They also teach people about fire safety.
Today, Rob and Jenny, another firefighter, were busy checking the equipment. But suddenly, there was a call. A house was on fire and there were two people trapped (被困) in an upstairs bedroom. The firefighters jumped into the fire engines and raced to the house. Rob and Jenny ran upstairs while the rest of the team used hoses to put out the fire. Rob and Jenny found a mother and a daughter in one of the bedrooms. They opened a window and helped the mother and her little girl to climb down a ladder. Soon the fire was out and everyone was safe. “And it’s still only eleven o’clock!” said Rob.
63．Where do Rob and other firefighters meet to get their instructions for the day
___________________________________________________.
64．Does Rob drive the fire engine every day
_______________, _______________________________.
65．Which sentence in the passage shows Rob Elliot loves his job
____________________________________________________.
66．Besides (除……之外) rescuing people, what else do firefighters do (List two things)
They _________________ and _____________________.
67．Do you want to be a firefighter Why or why not
___________________________________________________.
【答案】
63．In front of the fire station.
64． No he doesn’t
65．I enjoy every part of my job.
66． give first aid clean up and check scenes after an accident
67．Yes, I do. Because a firefighter always helps people out of danger. (言之有理即可)
【分析】
本文讲述了Rob Elliot当了八年的消防员。他和其他消防员在消防站前集合，听取他们当天的指令。消防队员做的不仅仅是救人，他们还给人急救，清理和检查事故后场景。他们经常与警察和医生一起工作，也教人们防火安全。有一天，他们接到电话，是一个房子着火了，他们帮助一位母亲和她女儿逃出火灾。
63．句意：Rob和其他消防员在哪里碰面，听取他们当天的指令
根据“Rob and other firefighters meet in front of the fire station to get their instructions for the day”Rob和其他消防员在消防站前集合，听取他们当天的指令。故答案为In front of the fire station.
64．句意：Rob每天都开消防车吗
根据“On some days, I drive the fire engine.”有时，Rob开消防车。故答案为No；he doesn’t。
65．句意：文章中哪句话表明Rob Elliot热爱他的工作
根据“I enjoy every part of my job.”Rob喜欢工作的每一部分。故答案为I enjoy every part of my job.
66．句意：除了拯救人，消防队员做什么 (列出两件事)。
根据“But firefighters do more than rescuing people. They give first aid (紧急救护), and they clean up and check scenes after an accident.”他们紧急救护，他们清理和检查事故后场景，故答案为give first aid；clean up and check scenes after an accident.
67．句意：你想成为一名消防员吗 为什么或为什么不
本题是开放性试题，言之有理即可。故答案为Yes, I do. Because a firefighter always helps people out of danger.
