专题12 选词填空解题技巧及20篇专练
选词填空解题技巧
1. 综述：
选词填空是中考最新改革新出现的题型之一，其目的是旨在考查学生对于词汇的正确运用以及句子基本结构的分析能力，是容易得分的题型之一。
2. 解题技巧：
通常情况下选词填空是英语综合试卷中词汇与语法相结合的一部分，在具体解题过程中，主要是判断所给单词的词性，再结合具体的句子结构需要进行选择。
3. 常见的句子基本结构与词性关系如下：
1）组成句子的各部分叫做句子成分。句子的成分有：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
句子最基本的结构是：主语＋谓语
主语：在句子中的位置是放在句首：可以作主语的词类有名词、代词、数词、不定式以及词组、从句等。
e.g. The boys are playing football now.
名词作主语
Two and two are four.
数词作主语
To learn a foreign language is very useful.
动词不定式作主语
This is a key.
代词作主语。
谓语：谓语放在主语之后，动词作谓语，包括及物动词，不及物动词，系动词。
e.g. The students are reading books.
动词作谓语
表语：放在谓语之后，结构是：主语＋谓语（系动词）＋表语
用作表语的词有名词，代词，数词，形容词，副词，不定式，词组，从句等等。
e.g. We are students. 名词作表语
This desk is hers. 代词作表语
Lee is fifteen. 数词作表语
Sarah’s car looks nice. 形容词作表语
Our plan is to plant trees. 动词不定式作表语
Is your father in 表示地点的副词作表语
宾语：宾语放在谓语之后，结构是：主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语，宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语，直接宾语指物，间接宾语指人。
e.g. Please pass meth salt.
间接宾语 直接宾语
用作宾语的词有：名词，代词，数词，不定式短语，名词性的形容词或从句。
e.g. Do you need any help
名词作宾语
Would you like to help me 代词作宾语
He bought ten oranges. 数词作宾语
The teacher wants to take these chairs out of the room.
动词不定式作宾语
宾语补足语：在句子中放在宾语之后，结构是：主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语＋宾语补足语
可以用作宾语补足语的词有：名词，形容词，不定式和分词。名词或者代词＋形容词/名词/不定式/分词
e.g. Did you hear her sing just now 动词不定式作宾补
I saw him cleaning the window yesterday. 分词作宾补
Let us have a rest. 不定式短语作宾补
状语：一般放在句尾，有时放句首或句中。作状语的词有：副词，介词短语、词组，不定式短语，分词短语以及从句。
e.g. Immediately he started to sing.
副词放句首，作状语
I’m never late.
副词放句中作状语
He drives fast. 副词放句尾作状语。
Please park the car in front of the building.
介词短词作状语放句尾
They went to Shanghai to have a meeting.
动词不定式作状语
Jack watched TV day and night.
词组作状语
定语：请记住有名词或代词的地方都可以有定语。一般情况下单个的名词，代词，形容词放在所修饰的名词之前，而词组、短语、从句要放在所修饰的名词之后。
可以用作定语的词有：形容词，代词，数词，名词或名词所有格、介词短语，不定式短语，词组，分词短语和从句。
e.g. Ben is an old man.
形容词用作定语，放在名词之前。
Do you want another cake
代词用作定语放在所修饰的名词前。
The girl asked her mother two questions.
数词用作定语放在所修饰的名词之前。
The worker put the flowers in a paper bag.
名词用作定语放在所修饰的名词之前。
Who’s the man over there
介词短语作定语放在所修饰的名词之后。
Could you bring me something to drink,please
动词不定式作定语，放在不定代词之后。
The plane that can fly is a machine.
从句用作定语放在所修饰的名词之后。
2）句子的结构：简单句，并列句和复合句
首先看简单句的五种基本句型
（1）主语＋谓语（不及物动词）
e.g. Summer is coming.
（2）主语＋谓语（连系动词）＋表语。
e.g. You are very busy.
（3）主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语
e.g. Mr Liu teaches English.
（4）主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语＋宾语
e.g. Mum gave me a dictionary.
= Mum gave a dictionary to me.
（5）主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语＋宾语补足语
e.g. Lina asked him to go shopping together.
We call him “Uncle Wang”
The students watched the teacher doing the experiment.
并列句：
并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句构成。常用的并列连词有：and, but, or, so, not only …but also…, both …and …等等。
e.g. John got up late, so he had to go to school without breakfast.
约翰起床晚了，所以只好不吃早饭而上学。
Hurry up, or, you’ll be late.
快点儿，否则要迟到了。
We like not only music but also art.
我们不但喜欢音乐，而且也喜欢艺术。
复合句：
复合句是由一个主句和一个或几个从句构成。根据从句在句中的成分可以称为主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，定语从句，状语从句和同位语从句。
e.g. Whether he will come or not is not known.
他是否会来还不知道。（主语从句）
＝It is not known whether he will come or not.
That is what I should do.
这是我的本份。（表语从句）
He asked me where Mr Pope lived.
他问我Pope先生住在哪里。（宾语从句）
The idea that we asked Mike to come yesterday is quite good.
昨天我们请迈克来，这个主意太好了。（同位语从句）
This is the room where I live last summer.
这就是我去年夏天住过的房间。（定语从句）
He’ll telephone his mother as soon as he gets there.
他只要一到那儿，就会给母亲打电话。（时间状语从句）
Wherever there is smoke, there is fire.
无风不起浪。（地点状语从句）
Jean didn’t go to work because she was ill.
Jean因病没有上班。（原因状语从句）
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll go to the Science Museum.
如果明天不下雨，我们就去科学博物馆。（条件状语从句）
Mr. King spoke slowly so that everyone could understand him.
金先生将慢慢讲以使每个人都听懂他的话。（目的状语从句）
He is so clever that all the teachers like him.
他是那么聪明，所有的老师都喜欢他。（结果状语从句）
Although he was tired, he went on working.
虽然他累了，但他还在继续工作。（让步状语从句）
This film is more instructive than that one.
这部电影比那部有教育意义。（比较状语从句）
【例题精讲】
A. tasks B. village C.jokes D. follows E. deal with
Chinese TV viewers are getting a closer look at the changing roles of dads in the show Where Are We Going, Dad That is showing on Hunan Television. The show __1__ the adventures of 5 superstar dads who partner up with their young children and try to complete a lot of __2__. In one show the group travel to a small __3__ where they have to find something to cook. Along the way we see kids and their dads having fun, but we also see them having a lot of emotions. There are loving moments, tearful moments and uncomfortable moments as the dads try to__4__ their bad-tempered children.
1__________ 2__________ 3__________ 4__________
【答案】1-4 DABE
【分析】
1.根据句子结构，此处缺少谓语动词，且主语是单数，选择D。
2.此处缺少名词，根据complete表示完成，宾语应该是tasks。
3.此处缺名词，且后紧跟一个定语从句，根据后文的cook，可知是B。
4.此处缺动词，且是原形，所以应选择E。
A again and again B blind C sheep D deaf E doctors
The most common jobs for working dogs are in search and rescue. They can find lost people or bodies after a big disaster or in the wild.
Guide dogs can help __1__ people walk safely. These dogs are popular in the US and Japan. Many guide dogs visited China during the 2008 Olympic Games.
There are also dogs working with __2__. They can help autistic(自闭症的) children. These children sometimes don’t talk and like to do the same things __3__. A study from Canada in 2010 showed that dogs could make autistic children feel relaxed and safe.
Herding dogs are important to __4__ owners. They keep the sheep safe. They are common in Australia, New Zealand and some parts of China. Nowadays, many people have them as pets.
So dogs are not only our pets but also our workmates.
1__________ 2__________ 3__________ 4__________
【答案】 BEAC
【分析】
1.根据句子结构此空缺形容词，根据前后文和常识，可知道是给盲人帮助的狗。
2.根据句子结构此空缺名词，且此句为主旨句，根据后文，可知是帮助自闭症的孩子们的，所以是医生。
3.根据句子结构此空缺副词，只能选择A。
4.根据句子结构此空缺名词修饰owners，根据后文中keep the sheep safe，显然是选C。
专题专练20篇
一、短文选词填空
1、（2020·上海市川沙中学南校八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can be used only once.（将下列单词或词组填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）
A．at first B．system C．sure D．stands E. developed F. created
On the envelopes, you can see zip codes (邮编) like “CA 90032” or “NY 11229”. What are these The letters CA and NY in the codes tell you the state the letter comes from or the state where the receiver lives. CA 1． for Califomia, and NY for New York State.
Zip codes 2． from a set of older codes used in the United States in 1940. In big cities, different zip codes are used for different parts of the city. With the help of the zip code, the postal workers sort mail much more quickly.
As the zip code system has been a great help to the post office, more and more countries are now using it. In China we began to use the 3． in 1982. Each Chinese Zip code has six numbers. But people were not used to it 4．. The central post office tried hard to make it popular. The six numbers have become as important as the receiver’s address. Next time you write a letter to a friend at home or abroad, be 5． to put the zip code on your envelope. It will help the postal worker to deliver your letter faster.
【答案】
1．D
2．E
3．B
4．A
5．C
【分析】
本文讲述了“邮政编码”的变迁，从美国到中国的发展史。最后提醒大家写信一定要记得有邮政编码，它可以帮助邮递员快速找到地方。
1．句意：CA代表加利福尼亚；NY代表纽约。
此处缺少谓语动词，且stand for意为“代表”。因为主语CA为 第三人称单数，故填写stands。故选D。
2．句意：邮递区号从1940年美国的老旧的一串编码数字演变而来。
此处缺少谓语动词且时态是一般过去时，那么EF合适，且develop from... 意为“从……中演变、发展”，符合句意。故选E。
3．句意：在中国，我们在1982年开始使用这套体系。
the + n. 表示特指。备选答案只有B是名词。故选B。
4．句意：但是人们起初并不习惯它。
根据后文“…tried hard to make it popular.”可知，起初人们对这种编码的认可度不高。故选A。
5．句意：下一次你写信给在家或是国外的朋友时，务必确保邮政编码在信上。
be sure to do sth. 意为“务必去做某事”。故选C。
2、
A．bright B．usual C．agree with D．At that time E. money F. but G. should
Nowadays, choosing “key schools” becomes a fashion. More parents spend a lot of 6． choosing “key schools” for their children. What do you think of it
Jack: Usually a key school has a beautiful environment. It also motivates（激励）me to study hard. So I would like to study in a key school.
Mike: I 7． Jack. There are many top teachers in key schools. If I study there, I can learn a lot from them and I believe they will help me in different ways.
Simon: I think a key school student is a good student and has a（n）8． future.
Tina: I don’t care about what kind of school I am in. Of course key schools are great, 9． common schools are OK for me.
Frank: I think the government 10． spend more money on other schools. In this way, they can improve their quality and become key schools, too. 11．, we won’t be bothered（使烦恼）by the problems of choosing schools.
【答案】
6．E
7．C
8．A
9．F
10．G
11．D
【分析】
本文讲述了选择“重点学校”成为一种时尚。有些学生说重点学校的环境都很美，很多顶尖的老师，重点学校的学生是好学生，有明亮的未来。也有学生觉得不在乎在什么样的学校。当然重点学校很好，但是普通学校对我来说还可以。学生认为政府应该把更多的钱花在其他学校上。通过这种方式，他们可以提高自己的质量，成为重点学校。在那个时候就不会烦恼择校的问题。
6．句意：越来越多的家长花很多钱为孩子选择“重点学校”。
根据spend+时间/钱+doing sth表示“花时间/钱做什么”，结合所给选项，此处是钱，故选E。
7．句意：我同意杰克的看法。
根据“There are many top teachers in key schools.”在重点学校有很多顶尖的老师，所以此处是“同意杰克的看法”，故选C。
8．句意：有一个明亮的未来。
根据“ a（n）___3___ future”可知此处缺形容词修饰名词，结合“a key school student is a good student ”一个重点学校的学生是一个好学生，所以此处是明亮的，故选A。
9．句意：但是普通学校对我来说还可以。
根据“Of course key schools are great, ___4___ common schools are OK for me.”当然重点学校很好， 普通学校对我来说还可以，这两句话之间是转折关系，故选F。
10．句意：我认为政府应该把更多的钱花在其他学校上。
根据“the government ___5___ spend more money”主语是单数，谓语动词是原形，所以此处缺情态动词，结合所给选项，故选G。
11．句意：在那个时候，我们不会有选择学校的烦恼。
根据“In this way, they can improve their quality and become key schools, too”通过这种方式，他们可以提高自己的质量，成为重点学校，所以此处是“在那个时候”，连接两个句子。故选D。
3、（上海市廊下中学八年级期末）
A．attractive B．decided C．successful D．exciting E. description
Tom was tired of living in his old house in the country and wanted to sell it and buy a better one. He tried to sell it for a long time, but it was not 12．. So he hired a real estate agent（房产代理）. The agent soon advertised his house, and a few days later, Tom saw a very 13．photograph of it, with a wonderful 14． of its gardens, in an expensive magazine. After Tom had read the advertisement, he immediately telephoned the real estate agent and said to him, “I’m sorry, Mr. Jones, but I’ve 15． not to sell my house. After reading your advertisement in that magazine, I can see that it’s just the kind of house I’ve wanted to live in all my life.”
【答案】
12．C
13．A
14．E
15．B
【分析】
文章讲述的是汤姆厌倦了住在乡下的老房子里，想把它卖掉，再买一幢更好的。他找了个中介帮自己卖房子，结果在杂志上看到自己房子的照片，突然意识到那正是他想住一辈子的房子。方框中所给的5个单词，有3个形容词：attractive吸引人的；有魅力的；引人注目的；successful成功的；exciting令人兴奋的；使人激动的。有1个名词：description描述；描写。decided既是动词decide（决定）的一般过去式，又是过去分词。
12．句意：他试着卖了很长时间，但没有成功。
分析句子结构可知， but it was not+形容词作表语。备选的形容词有3个：attractive、successful、exciting。再根据but是转折连词，意为但是。but it was not successful（但没有成功）符合语境，故填successful。
13．句意：经纪人很快为他的房子做了广告，几天后，汤姆在一本昂贵的杂志上看到了一张他的房子的非常吸引人的照片。
关键词photograph是名词，意为照片，需要用形容词来修饰。attractive形容词，吸引人的，a very attractive photograph（一张非常吸引人的照片）符合语境，故填attractive。
14．句意：上面有对花园的精彩描述。
分析句子结构可知，a wonderful +名词的单数形式。description名词，描述；描写。a wonderful description（精彩的描述）符合语境，故填description。
15．句意：对不起，琼斯先生，我已经决定不卖房子了。
分析句子结构可知，I’ve=I have后面接动词的过去分词构成现在完成时。decided既是动词decide的过去分词，I’ve decided…（我已经决定……）符合语境，故填decided。
【点睛】
做这种题的关键是把方框里单词的词性一定要区分清楚。如3小题，a wonderful +名词的单数形式。方框中的名词只有description，故填description。再如5小题，I’ve后接动词的过去分词，构成现在完成时，方框中的过去分词只有decided，故填decided。
4、（上海市廊下中学八年级期末）
A．make sure B．crossing C．without D．interesting E. never
Some police stand at 16．. They tell the cars when to go and when to stop. They 17．that the cars do not go too fast. They help children cross the street. They also help people who can’t walk too well. Our streets would not be safe 18． the police. Cars might go too fast and hurt people. Lost people might 19． be found. Sometimes they are injured or even killed when they are performing their duties. The police do a good job. We need them. And we should thank them for a job well done.
【答案】
16．B
17．A
18．C
19．E
【分析】
文章介绍了交通警察的职责和他们的重要性。同时，这份工作也有一定的危险性。警察做得很好。我们需要他们。我们应该感谢他们的出色工作。分析方框中所给的单词可知，名词有1个：crossing十字路口；动词短语有1个：make sure确保；形容词有1个：interesting有趣的；介词有1个，without没有；副词有1个：never从不，绝不。
16．句意：一些警察站在十字路口。
句中的关键词at是介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词形式。crossing是名词，at crossing意为在十字路口，符合语境，故填crossing。
17．句意：他们确保汽车不会开得太快。
分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，需要动词来充当。make sure是动词短语，符合语境，故填make sure。
18．句意：没有警察，我们的街道就不安全。
分析句子结构可知，主谓宾都很完整，空格后的单词the police又是名词，故填介词without，without the police意为没有警察，符合语境，故填without。
19．句意：迷路的人可能永远也找不到。
the lost people意为迷路的人，根据句意，如果没用警察，这些迷路的人可能永远也不会被找到。never是副词，意为从不；绝不。符合语境，故填never。
5、（上海宝山·八年级期末）
A． without B．Snowman C．find out D．that E. pictures F. tallest G. quickly
Is there something strange high up in the world's 20． mountains If so, is it a big bear Is it monkey Or is it a kind of man
No one knows. This mystery has puzzled the world for years.
In 1887, a mountain climber found large footprints in the snow. They looked like the footprints of a very large man. But men don't walk 21． shoes in the snow!
In 1906, another climber saw more than footprints. Far off, he saw a very large animal standing on two legs. As he watched, it ran very 22．.
Fifteen years later, newspaper had new stories about the "something". A mountain climber said he had seen the "23．" walk slowly across the snow, far below him. He said it looked like a very large man.
From then on, more and more people had stories to tell. But not until 1951 did a mountain climber bring back of large footprints. "The pictures showed clearly 24． the Snowman walked on two legs." So it was not a bear or a monkey. Could it be an ape man The mystery grew! And the mystery keeps growing. Some day we may 25． what it is that makes the large footprints.
【答案】
20．F
21．A
22．G
23．B
24．D
25．C
【分析】
文章大意：爬山者在世界最高的山上发现了脚印，觉得不可思议，这个秘密困惑世界多年，最后 有一位爬山者发现他看见了雪人在自己的下面行走，看起来像一个大人，总有一天会弄明白到底是什么弄出的脚印。
20．句意：世界最高的山上上方是不是有很奇怪的东西？
根据in the world，可知此处应用形容词的最高级修饰mountains,作定语，因此用tallest，最高的，形容词的比较级，故选F。
21．句意：但是人都在雪里走路没有穿鞋子。
分析句子，walk是不及物动词，后缺少状语，后接名词shoes，一起作状语，此处用without，没有，介词，作状语，故选A。
22．句意：当他看的时候，它跑得很快。
ran，跑，用副词修饰，此处应用quickly，迅速地，故选G。
23．句意：一个爬山者说他看见“雪人”慢慢地在雪了走，远远的在他下面。
分析句子，挖空处应是一个名词，且根据下句的it,可知此名词为单数，结合The pictures showed clearly 5 the Snowman walked on two legs. 可知，此处应是Snowman，雪人，可数名词单数，故选B。
24．句意：图片清晰地显示雪人用两条腿走路。
分析句子，可知showed后接宾语从句，且从句成分完整，宾语从句的连接词用that，故选D。
25．句意：有一天我们可能会弄明白什么弄出了那么大的脚印。分析句子可知，这是一个主从复合句，主句缺少谓语动词，因此用find out，弄明白，动词，故选C。
【点睛】
考查选词填空。本题考查单词在语境中的运用需要根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形，同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。例如，第一小题，句意：世界最高的山上上方是不是有很奇怪的东西？根据in the world，可知此处应用形容词的最高级修饰mountains,作定语，因此用tallest，最高的，形容词的比较级，故选F。
6、（上海市上南中学八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words or phrase in the box. Each can only beused once（将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）
A．Mum B．go into C．calls D．upstairs E. just F. not at all
I think the most terrible thing in life for my little brother is getting up in the morning. He is almost sick when my mother 26．, “Herbert! It’s seven o’clock! Get up!”
Herbert answers, “I’m coming!” and goes right back to sleep. I’m 27． like my brother. I don’t like to go to bed at night but I don’t mind getting up in the morning. I usually wake up before my mother calls me. I jump out of bed and 28． the bathroom to take a shower. I get dressed, brush my teeth, comb my hair, and get ready to go downstairs for breakfast as soon as my mother calls. But not Herbert. He just sleeps. A military band in our bedroom could not wake him up. I call him and say, “Get up! 29． will be up here to pull you out of bed if you don’t get up immediately!”
But he just sleeps. After calling a few more times my mother has to come 30． and pull Herbert out of bed. It’s that way every day with my little brother. Perhaps someday he’ll learn to get up on time, but I really don’t think so.
【答案】
26．C
27．F
28．B
29．A
30．D
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，“我”的弟弟认为最可怕的事就是起床，但是“我”一点也不介意起床。因此每天早晨妈妈都要叫很多次，最后没办法，还要上楼把他拉起来。
26．句意：当我妈妈喊“Herbert，7点了，该起床了！”，他几乎是个病人。
此空是从句主语my mother的谓语，根据下半句“Herbert! It’s seven o’clock! Get up!”可知此空表示“说”，并且谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选C。
27．句意：我一点也不像我的弟弟。
根据下句I don’t like to go to bed at night but I don’t mind getting up in the morning.我晚上不喜欢上床睡觉，但是我不介意早晨起床。还有上句I think the most terrible thing in life for my little brother is getting up in the morning.我的小弟认为早晨起床是最可怕的事，可知我们两个截然相反，故此空应该是表示“不同；不一样”的词语。故选F。
28．句意：我跳出床上，进洗手间洗漱。
此句and连接两个谓语，因此此空为谓语动词，根据所接的the bathroom可推测，此空意思是“进入”。故选B。
29．句意：快起床！妈妈要上来把你拉出被窝了，如果你不马上起来！
根据下文After calling a few more times my mother has to come…叫了几次之后妈妈上来了可知，如果不起床，妈妈就会上来。故选A。
30．句意：叫了几次以后我的妈妈不得不上楼，把Herbert从床上拉起来。
根据get ready to go downstairs for breakfast下楼吃饭，可知他们的卧室在楼上，妈妈要上楼叫他起床。upstairs表示“楼上”。故选D。
7、Complete the following passage with the words or expressions in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或短语前的字母填入空格。每个单词或短语只能填一次）
A．For example B．over and over C．medical D．On the other hand E. especially F. enough
Dreaming is an activity of the brain. It produces electrical waves which can be measured. You have dreams when brain waves are 31．fast.
Everyone dreams. If you think that you never dream, you are wrong. Most of the time, we cannot remember our dreams. Some scientists say that we dream mostly about the thoughts and wishes that we try not to show to others. Others say that if dreaming is not strong 32．, it is difficult to remember them anyway.
Most people cannot control their dreams, they just happen. Very few people have clear dreaming. They can control what takes place in their dreaming while they are asleep.
Even blind people dream. They may see pictures of events that have happened to them before they became blind. 33．, a person who was born blind does not see pictures in dreams, but they can hear, smell and taste in them.
People often have the same dreams34．again. They may be events in your life that have caused problems which you have not solved yet. Nightmares are dreams that are so terrible that you usually wake up. There is 35．treatment（治疗）for nightmares. You can go to a doctor who tries to find out why you have nightmares and how to deal with them.
【答案】
31．E
32．F
33．D
34．B
35．C
【分析】
这篇短文给我们讲述了关于“梦”的一些知识。每个人都会做梦，梦是大脑的一种活动。盲人也会做梦，人们会经常做同样的梦。如果经常做噩梦，可以向医生求助。
31．句意：当脑电波非常快的时候，你就会做梦。
空后fast是一个形容词，这里应用副词修饰，故应选E，especially意为“尤其，特别”。
32．句意：其他科学家说如果梦不够强烈，那么就很难记住他们。
空前strong是形容词，这个空是来修饰形容词的，应用副词enough，意为“足够”，修饰形容词时，应放在形容词的后面。
33．句意：另一方面，天生失明的人在梦中看不到图片，但是他们可以在梦中听到、闻到、尝到。
上句话They may see pictures of events that have happened to them before they became blind.提到的是后来失明的人能在梦中看到曾经发生在他们身上的事情的图片。这个空后面说的是天生失明的人的情况，故应选D，on the other hand意为“另一方面”。
34．句意：人们经常一次又一次做同样的梦。
根据句意和空后的again可知，这里考查的是短语over and over again，意为“一次又一次地，反复地”，故应选B。
35．句意：对于噩梦有医学治疗。
空后treatment是一个名词，这里应填形容词形式，故选C，medical意为“医学的，医疗的”。
8、
A．harder B．keep healthy C．sports D．they E. with F. for G. teacher
We got more than 1,000 letters, faxes (传真) and e-mails from our readers about their New Year’s resolutions(决心). Many readers are going to work 36． at school this year. To be more healthy, lots of readers are going to do 37． and some readers say they are going to eat more vegetables. Some girls say 38． are going to exercise more to 39．. Some parents are going to study the subjects which their children learn at school. They want to get on better 40． their kids. An old lady said she found a job as a foreign language 41．. She is going to teach English in China next year.
【答案】
36．A
37．C
38．D
39．B
40．E
41．G
【分析】
文章大意：文章讲的是许多读者的新年展望，一些人要更努力学习，一些人要多锻炼，一些人要和孩子更好的相处等。
36．句意：今年许多读者要在学校更加努力学习。
根据所给空前面的work是动词，可知，应该用副词修饰，表格中只有harder是副词，且work harder“更努力工作”，故答案选A。
37．句意：许多读者要去运动，一些读者说他们要吃更多的蔬菜。
根据所给空前面的句子To be more healthy可知，应该是做运动“do sports”，故答案选C。
38．句意：有些女孩说她们要多锻炼以保持健康。
根据所给空前面的Some girls以及后面的are可知，应该填的是代指一些女孩的词，所以要用they，故答案选D。
39．句意：有些女孩说她们要多锻炼以保持健康。
根据所给空前面的exercise more to可知，应该用的是动词或动词词组，keep healthy“保持健康”符合语境，故答案选B。
40．句意：他们想要更好的和孩子相处。
根据固定搭配get on well with sb“和某人相处的好”可知，应该用的是with，故答案选E。
41．句意：一位老太太说她找到一份外语教师的工作。
根据所给空后面的句子She is going to teach English in China next year可知，是外语教师，故答案选G。
9、（上海浦东新·八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格。每个单词或词组只能填一次）
A．driving B．noisy C．quietly D．crowded E. in public F convenient
Dear Sunday Globe,
I’m writing to you about your article in last Sunday’s newspaper, Cell Phones Make Life Easier. You did an excellent job explaining the good points of cell phones. They’re 42．and very helpful in business. On the other hand, you didn’t talk about their bad points at all. Thus, I hope you’ll let me give your readers some advice on cell phone etiquette (礼仪).
The first point I’d like to address is loudness. When talking face to face 43．, you wouldn’t shout. In fact, the microphones in cell phones are so sensitive that you can be heard even if you speak44． .
Another point that needs to be made is to deal with personal space. I think it is very impolite to make calls in small spaces or45． rooms. This makes others uncomfortable and forces them to listen to your personal business.
Lastly, let me draw your readers’ attention to the dangers of doing two things at the same time. For example, cell phones and46．are a bad combination(结合). Pay attention to the road!
Besides, cell phones can cause you to neglect good friends. Give friends who are with you your full attention. Turn off your cell phones and enjoy their company!
Sincerely,
Amber Jala
【答案】
42．F
43．E
44．C
45．D
46．A
【分析】
文章大意：本文主要讲述了手机益处以及使用手机的一些弊端。
42．句意：他们在生意上很方便也很有帮助。
根据所在位置，需要填入形容词，由and very helpful“有帮助的”可知与其有相近含义，故答案选F。
43．句意：当你在公共场合面对面交谈时，你不会大声喊叫。
根据所给空后面的句子you wouldn’t shout“你不会大声喊叫”可推知，前面的句意是：“在公共场合交谈”，故答案选E。
44．句意：事实上，手机里的麦克风非常灵敏，即使你说话很安静，也能听到。
根据所在位置，需要填入副词修饰speak ，由前面the microphones in cell phones are so sensitive“手机里的麦克风非常灵敏”可知，即使说话很安静，也能听到，故答案选C。
45．句意：我认为在狭小的空间或拥挤的房间里打电话是非常不礼貌的。
根据所在位置，需要填入形容词来修饰rooms，由后句This makes others uncomfortable and forces them to listen to your personal business.“这会让其他人感到不舒服，迫使他们倾听你的私人事务。”可知是拥挤的房间，故答案选D。
46．句意：例如，手机和驾驶是一种不好的组合。
根据所在位置，需要填入名词，由后句Pay attention to the road!“注意道路”可知是驾驶，故答案选A。
10、（上海普陀·八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格，每个单词或词组只能用一次）：
A．clear B．system C．fierce D．search E. solve F. offer
How often do you see a plant you don’t know about Your parents don’t know it either. You can’t always carry an encyclopedia with you. So maybe you would like to 47． for it online with your smart phone. But where do you start Now an app may help you 48． the problem.
First, approach the unknown plant, but don’t get too close. You can hold up your smart phone and take a 49． picture of it. Then you submit(提交) the picture. After one to five seconds, the app will show the name of the plant and 50． other useful information. For example: Where does this plant usually exist Can it cause any harm to animals Or can humans use it in some ways The app 51． can tell more than 4,000 plants.
Cool, isn’t it Why not use it and share what you learn from it on WeChat Moments(微信朋友圈) You’ll be one with the top brain in your class.
【答案】
47．D
48．E
49．A
50．F
51．B
【分析】
短文大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了能够快速搜索陌生植物的APP应用系统的使用方法。
47．句意：也许你想用你的智能手机在网上搜索一下。
search for搜寻，固定短语；根据下文for it online with your smart phone可知是搜寻不认识的植物，备选项search符合句意，故选D。
48．句意：现在，一个应用程序可能会帮助你解决这个问题。
help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事；根据宾语the problem可知是帮助解决问题，备选项solve符合句意，故选E。
49．句意：你可以拿起你的智能手机，给它拍一张清晰的照片。
名词picture（照片）需用形容词修饰；根据句意语境可知clear符合句意，故选A。
50．句意：一到五秒后，应用程序将显示工厂的名称并提供其他有用信息。
and连接并列结构，根据上文show the name of the plant，可知还会提供其他有用信息，备选项offer符合句意，故选F。
51．句意：这个app系统可以识别超过4000种植物。
本句缺主语，app system应用系统；根据句意语境，可知app system符合句意，故选B。
11、（上海虹口·八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次）:
A．watch B．as well as C．how D．sell E. possible F. why G. popular
The Germans published the first modern-style newspaper in 1609. News-sheets existed before then, but these were not really newspapers.
Hundreds of years later, people are still buying newspapers. Shops and stalls all over the world 52． millions of newspapers every day.
However, people do not get their news only from newspapers. They can listen to it, as they did long ago, and they can 53． it.
Two inventions, radio and television, have made this 54．. These broadcast many news programmes daily. So people now get news from their radios and TV sets, 55．from papers.
However, newspapers remain 56． because they give the news in more detail than either radio or TV. That is the main reason 57． people continue to buy them.
【答案】
52．D
53．A
54．E
55．B
56．G
57．F
【分析】
文章大意：本文主要讲报纸经过几百年的时间依旧受欢迎，虽然人们也通过收音机和电视来了解新闻，但报纸给出的新闻更详细。
52．句意：全世界的商店和售货亭每天卖出数以百万计的报纸。
根据题干中“Shops and stalls”可推出应是说卖报纸，结合备选项可知要用sell表示“卖出”。故选D。
53．句意：他们能像很久以前那样听新闻，而且他们能看新闻。
结合下文中“Two inventions, radio and television …”可推出此处是说能用电视看新闻，结合备选项可知要用watch表示“观看”。故选A。
54．句意：两项发明，收音机和电视机，已使这变得有可能。
根据语境可推出此处this指的是上文中说的听新闻和看新闻，结合句意“两项发明，收音机和电视机，已使这____”及备选项可推出此处用possible表示“有可能的”。故选E。
55．句意：因此人们现在除了从报纸上获得新闻外，还从收音机和电视机上获取新闻。
结合句意“因此人们现在从收音机和电视机上获取新闻，____从报纸上获取”及备选项可推出此处用as well as表示“除了……之外”。故选B。
56．句意：然而，报纸仍旧是受欢迎的，因为它们比收音机或电视给出的新闻细节更多。
结合题干中“because they give the news in more detail than either radio or TV”及备选项可推出要用popular表示“受欢迎的”。故选G。
57．句意：那是为什么人们继续买报纸的主要原因。
分析句子结构可知此处是个主从复合句，先行词the main reason，结合备选项可知此处要用疑问副词why引导定语从句。故选F。
12、（上海普陀·八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.
A． fond B．race C．success D．pretend E. realize F. proud
Many teenagers have hobbies. But sometimes these hobbies can get in the way of schoolwork, and parents might worry about their child’s ______ at school. Teenagers often think they should be allowed to develop their hobbies as much as they want. Do you agree
Liu Yu, a fifteen-year-old student from Shandong, is ______ of running. He is on his school running team and has always wanted to be a professional athlete(专业运动员). However, his parents don’t allow him to train as much as he would like to. “Of course we want to see Liu Yu ______ his dreams,” says his father, “and we know how much he loves running. My wife and I have watched every ______ he has taken part in. We know he is excellent in running, and we are _____of him. But He needs to think about what will happen if he can’t be a professional runner in the end.”
58．________
59．________
60．________
61．________
62．________
【答案】
58．C
59．A
60．E
61．B
62．F
【分析】
这篇短文主要讲述了刘宇的爱好是跑步，但是他的父母担心的是他的学习。
58．句意：但有时这些爱好会妨碍学业，家长可能会担心孩子在学校的成功。
根据上文“But sometimes these hobbies can get in the way of schoolwork”可知下文是说家长可能担心孩子在学校的成功，success名词，意思是“成功”。故选C。
59．句意：15岁的山东学生刘宇喜欢跑步。
短语be fond of…喜欢……；根据下文“He is on his school running team and has always wanted to be a professional athlete(专业运动员).”可知，上文是说刘宇喜欢跑步。根据题意，故选A。
60．句意：他父亲说：“我们当然希望看到刘宇实现他的梦想。”
短语see sb. do sth.看见某人做某事，这里是实现自己的梦想；realize动词，实现。故选E。
61．句意：我和我妻子看了他参加的每一场比赛。
根据“he has taken part in.”可知，这里是说看了他参加的每场比赛。故选B。
62．句意：我们知道他很擅长跑步，我们为他感到骄傲。
根据上文“We know he is excellent in running,”可知，这里是说我们以他为骄傲，短语be proud of…以……为骄傲。根据题意，故选F。
13、（2020·上海·世泽中学八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)：
A．hungry B．in front of C．towards D．surprised
Mr. and Mrs. Smith have just opened a small restaurant. They want people to come to the restaurant to eat, so they put a sign 63． it. The sign said, “Meals on the house for three days.”
A foreign student who didn’t know much English passed by the restaurant on the second day. It was lunchtime and he felt 64．. “Well, here is a restaurant. I’m going to have something to eat,” he said. He saw the sign when he walked 65． the restaurant.
A．angry B．strange C．look for D．look up
“American people are really 66．. They even eat on the house! But how can I get onto the top of the house ” he asked himself.
He looked around and found a ladder nearby. He was very happy. But as he got up to the top, he heard Mr. Smith shouting at him. “Hey, what are you doing up there ” Mr. Smith looked 67．. Beside him was a policeman.
“Doesn’t your sign say ‘Meals on the house for three days’ Is it just a joke ” the foreign student answered.
On hearing this, both Mr. Smith and the policeman laughed. “Do you know what ‘on the house’ means Please 68． the words in your dictionary.”
Actually, “on the house” means “for free”.
【答案】
63．B
64．A
65．C
66．B
67．A
68．D
【分析】
本文是一则幽默小故事。Smith夫妇开了一家餐馆，他们在餐馆前面立了一个指示牌，写着“Meals on the house for three days.”。一天一个不太懂英语的外国学生看到了，他以为这家餐馆要在房顶上用餐，他爬到房顶上。Smith先生以为遇到了坏人，找来了警察，这时候他才知道，on the house的意思是“免费的”。
63．句意：他们想让人们来餐馆吃饭，因此他们在餐馆前面放一个指示牌。
空后it指代上文中的restaurant，sign与it之间应该为表示方位的词或短语。B选项in front of意为“在……前面”，符合句意。故选B。
64．句意：一个不太懂英语的外国学生第二天经过餐馆。那时是午餐时间，他感觉很饿。
felt为感官动词feel的过去式，感官动词后接形容词作表语，构成系表结构。根据下文“I’m going to have something to eat…”可推测外国学生是感觉饿了，想要吃饭。A选项hungry意为“饥饿的”，符合句意。故选A。
65．句意：当他走向餐馆的时候，他看到了指示牌。
根据空后the restaurant可知，此空为表示方位的介词，towards表示“朝；向”，符合句意。故选C。
66．句意：美国人真的很奇怪。
此空为形容词作表语，根据下文“They even eat on the house! But how can I get onto the top of the house ”可知外国学生看到指示牌以为吃饭要到房子上面去吃，所以可推测他应该是感觉很奇怪。strange表示“奇怪的”，符合句意。故选B。
67．句意：Smith朝他喊道。“嘿，你在上面干什么？”
looked表示“看起来”，为连系动词look的过去式。后接形容词作表语，构成系表结构。根据下文“Beside him was a policeman.”可知Smith先生找来了警察，可推测他一定很生气。angry表示“生气的”。故选A。
68．句意：请在字典里查一下这个词。
please后接动词或动词短语的原形。根据“Do you know what ‘on the house’ means ”以及下文“in your dictionary”可推测，Smith先生是想让外国学生去查一下字典。look up表示“查找”，常用于查阅资料或字典。故选D。
14、（2020·上海浦东新·八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格，用A、B、C、D等表示。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）
A．shared B．advised C．nothing D．with E. felt F. has
Once, a group of fishermen went out to sea. Their captain was an old and wise fisherman. He always guided them well.
At sea, the fishermen spread their large net into the water. When they pulled out the net, there was 69． in it. This happened about two or three more times and the fishermen lost heart, but their captain 70． them to keep trying.
Once again, the fishermen spread their net. It 71． heavy when they pulled it out. But there were only some small fish, wood and seaweed in the net. When they were about to sink the net back into the water, their captain said, “Empty the net. Throw it back into the sea and try once again.”
When the fishermen checked the net on the boat, they found a box 72． some gold coins and gems (宝石) in it. The captain 73． them with all the fishermen and everyone went home happily
This story tells us we mustn’t leave any work unfinished if we want to enjoy the fruits of our hard work.
【答案】
69．C
70．B
71．E
72．D
73．A
【分析】
文章讲述老船长引导渔民捕鱼的故事。当渔民们失去了信心时，他们的船长劝他们继续努力，最终他们收获了一些金币和宝石。
69．句意：当他们拉出网时，里面什么也没有。
根据下文“…and the fishermen lost heart……渔民们失去了信心，”可知，当他们拉出网时，里面什么也没有。故选C。
70．句意：但他们的船长劝他们继续努力。
分析句子结构，后一分句缺少谓语动词；advise sb. to do sth. 劝告某人做某事；通读全文可知，时态是一般过去时。故选B。
71．句意：当他们把它拔出来时，感觉很重。
通读全文可知，时态是一般过去时。分析句子结构，主句缺少谓语动词；felt感觉，符合句意。故选E。
72．句意：当渔民检查船上的渔网时，他们发现一个盒子里有一些金币和宝石。
with具有，介词；with some gold coins and gems (宝石) in it构成“with＋名词＋介词短语”复合结构，作定语修饰名词box。故选D。
73．句意：船长把它们和所有的渔夫分享，大家都高兴地回家了。
分析句子结构，前一分句缺少谓语动词；share sth with sb.和某人分享某物；通读全文可知，时态是一般过去时。故选A。
15、（上海市鲁迅初级中学八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words or expressions in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或短语前的序号填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）
A．crashed B．moment C．running out of D．lost E. fall asleep F. running away G. returned
It was the last day of school. I planned to travel to my friend’s hometown. I haven’t seen him for years and this was a good chance to meet him again.
I was busy at school. So it was rather late when I came back home. It was already 10 o’clock at night. I was74． time. After a hurried meal, I left and found a taxi very soon. Asking the driver to drive me fast to the station, I relaxed for a 75．, thinking about what my friend looked like now. I was soon at the station and was sure that I would be able to catch the train. Unluckily, I got 76． on the way and wasted some time. When I finally reached the platform, the train just left! It was the last train so I 77． home.
My mother was glad to see me back as she had a feeling about my trip. But I was unhappy. I tried to relax and went to bed, but I could not 78．. The next morning, I was very tired. As I was having breakfast, the newspaper arrived. I read over the pages and was surprised to find that the train I missed had an accident. It 79． with another train. How lucky I was that I missed the train!
【答案】
74．C
75．B
76．D
77．G
78．E
79．A
【分析】
本文讲述了作者计划乘火车去朋友的家乡旅行，但是因为在车站迷路错过了最后一趟火车，在作者为此伤心之际，作者了解到自己本来要乘坐的那趟火车出事故了，作者觉得自己很幸运。
74．句意：我快没时间了。
根据下一句中“after a hurried meal”可知，此处吃饭很着急，说明我快没有时间了，结合选项可知running out of time复合题意。故选C。
75．句意：让司机开快车送我去车站，我放松了片刻，想着我朋友现在的样子。
根据句中“drive me fast to the station”可知，作者要求司机快点送自己去车站，说明作者很着急，到了车站以后，作者放松了片刻，想自己朋友现在的样子；moment是名词，意为“片刻”。故选B。
76．句意：不幸的是，我在路上迷路了，浪费了一些时间。
根据句中“wasted some time”可知，作者是在车站迷路，并且浪费了一些时间；lost是形容词，意为“失去的”；get lost迷路。故选D。
77．句意：那是最后一趟火车，所以我返回了家。
根据上一句中“When I finally reached the platform, the train just left!”可知，当作者最后到达站台时，火车刚刚离开，作者没有赶上火车，所以返回了家；return是动词，意为“返回”。故选G。
78．句意：我努力放松去睡觉，但是我不能睡着。
根据句中but和前一句中“But I was unhappy.”可知，作者回来以后不开心，努力想睡觉，但是不能睡着，前后两个分句意思转折；fall asleep意为“睡着”。故选E。
79．句意：它和另一列火车相撞了。
根据前一句中“the train I missed had an accident”可知，作者错过的那趟火车出事故了，它和另外一列火车相撞了；crash是动词，意为“撞击”。故选A。
16、（上海市奉贤区弘文学校八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words and phrases in the box. Each item can be used only once(选择下列单词或词组填入空格，完成短文，每空格限填一词，每词只能用一次)
A． At B．busy C．talking to D．pay E. still F. on
Betty Kwan has an unusual new company called “It's Done”. She does errands(跑腿) for80． people. She'll mail your letters at the post office, pick up your medicine at the drugstore and even go shopping at a supermarket for you. Her customers 81． for each hour of her service.
Betty got the idea for “It's done.” While she was working in an office. 'I never had enough time for all my errands. I had to run to the bank82． my lunch time, and the post office, and the dry cleaner's. I was always rushing. I really wished someone could do all those things for me. When I mentioned this to my friends, they all said it sounded a great idea for a business. And that's how it started.
Betty is 83． very busy. "Yesterday, I went to the post office and then to the airport. Today I have to buy presents for all the secretaries in the company. But it's always interesting, and I really love84． my customers.”
【答案】
80．B
81．D
82．A
83．E
84．C
【分析】
文章介绍的是Betty Kwan成立了一家名为“It’s Done”的公司，帮助忙碌的人跑腿，例如寄信、取药、购物等。Betty总是很忙碌。她为能够帮助别人感到高兴。
80．句意：她为忙碌的人办事。
根据句意理解及句中的She does errands(跑腿) for且空格后面有名词people可知，这里需要一个形容词，在句中作定语修饰后面的名词，且这里表达的是“忙碌的”，所以这里应该用busy，故选B。
81．句意：她的顾客为她每小时的服务付费。
根据句意理解及空格后的each hour of her service可知，这里表达的是“付费”，英语是短语pay for，而文中用的是一般现在时，句子主语是复数名词，所以这里的动词用原形，故选D。
82．句意：午饭时间我得去银行，邮局，干洗店，我总是赶时间。
根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“在午餐时间”，英语中表达“在……时间”等具体的时间点时，要用的介词是at，故选A。
83．句意：贝蒂仍然很忙。
根据句意理解及后句Yesterday, I went to the post office and then to the airport. Today I have to buy presents for all the secretaries in the company. 昨天，我去了邮局，然后去了机场。今天我要给公司所有的秘书买礼物。可知这里表达的是“仍然很忙”，所以这里应该用still，故选E。
84．句意：但它总是很有趣，我真的很喜欢和我的客户交谈。
根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“与某人交谈”，英语是talk to sb，而这里表达的是“喜欢做某事”，英语是love doing sth，所以这里要用talking to，故选C。
17、（上海松江·八年级期末）
A．influence B．as well as C．still D．sell E. popular F. briefly
The Germans published the first modern-style newspaper in 1609. Before then, news-sheets existed, but these were not really newspapers.
Hundreds of years later, people are 85． buying newspapers. Shops and stalls all over the world 86． millions of newspapers every day.
However, people do not get their news only from newspapers. They can listen to it, as they did long ago, and they can watch it, too. We can see the87． of two inventions, radio and television in some ways. They broadcast many news programmes daily. People get news from their radios and TV sets 88．from papers.
Nowadays, newspapers remain 89． because they offer the news in more detail than either radio or TV. That is the main reason why people continue to buy them.
【答案】
85．C
86．D
87．A
88．B
89．E
【分析】
本文介绍了报纸的历史，以及报纸比电视和收音机的优势。
85．句意：几百年后，人们仍在买报纸。
结合句意，几百年后，人们还在买报纸，修饰动词buying用副词still，故选C。
86．句意：每天世界各地的商店和摊位卖数百万份报纸。
根据Shops and stalls可知，此处表示商店和摊位，应是卖报纸，故选D。
87．句意：我们能看到收音机和电视这两项发明在某些方面的影响。
the influence of……的影响，名词，故选A。
88．句意：人们从收音机和电视上得到新闻，也从报纸上得到。
连接并列成分用连词as well as，故选B。
89．句意：现在，报纸仍然受欢迎，因为它们比收音机或者电视提供更多细节。
作为系动词remain的表语，用形容词popular。故选E。
【点睛】
根据前后文的语境，结合时态，语态，词性，短语，句型和主谓一致，选择适当的单词填空。例如小题2，句意：每天世界各地的商店和摊位卖数百万份报纸。根据Shops and stalls可知，此处表示商店和摊位，应是卖报纸，故选D。
18、（上海徐汇·八年级期末）
A．rises B．largest C．heats D．powerful E. size F. as well as
Waves are beautiful to look at, but they can destroy ships at sea, 90． houses and buildings near the bank. What causes waves Most waves are caused by winds blowing over the surface of water. The sun 91． the earth, causing the le air to rise and the winds to blow. The winds blow across the sea, pushing little waves into bigger and bigger ones.
The 92． of a wave depends on how strong the wind is, how long it blows, and how large the body of water is. In a small bay big wave will ever build up. But at sea the wind can build up 93．waves.
According to the rule, when the wind is blowing at 120 kilometers per hour, most waves will be about twelve metres high. Of course, some waves may make up of big waves that are much higher. In 1933， the US Navy （海军）reported the 94． measured wave in history. It rose in the Pacific Ocean to thirty-four meters high.
【答案】
90．F
91．C
92．E
93．D
94．B
【分析】
本文介绍了海浪的形成以及决定海浪大小的因素。
90．句意：波浪看起来漂亮，但是他们能破坏海上的船只，海岸附近的房屋和建筑。
此处ships at sea和houses and buildings near the bank是并列作宾语，用连词as well as连接，故选F。
91．句意：太阳加热了地球上，导致空气上升，风刮起来。
主语the sun是第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式，heats，故选C。
92．句意：海浪的大小取决于风有多强，它刮了多长时间，水域有多大。
the+名词+of表示“……的……”，用名词size，故选E。
93．句意：但在海上，风可以形成强大的海浪。
修饰名词waves用形容词，表示“强大的”用powerful，故选D。
94．句意：1933年，美国海军报告了历史上测量到的最大海浪。
in history表示历史上的，用最高级修饰名词wave，因此用largest，故选B。
19、（上海市卢湾中学八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once （将下列单词或词组填入空格, 每词只能填一次）
A．believed B．small C．never D．found E. grow up F. reason
Once there was a man travelling in a faraway village. As he was passing the elephants, he suddenly stopped. He95． that these huge elephants were being held by only a small rope (绳索) tied to their front leg. No chains (锁链), no cages (笼子). It was clear that the elephants could, at any time, break away from their ropes but for some96． , they did not.
He saw a trainer nearby and asked why these animals just stood there and didn’t try to get away. “Well,” the trainer said, “when they are very young and much smaller we use the same size rope to tie them and, at that age, it’s enough to hold them. As they 97． , they still believe they cannot break away. They believe the rope can hold them, so they never try to break free.”
How could it be These animals could at any time break free from their ropes. But because they always stuck right where they were, they 98． they couldn’t.
Just like the elephants, how many of us go through life believing that we cannot do something, just because we failed at it once before
Failing is part of learning. We should 99． give up the struggle (挣扎) in life.
【答案】
95．D
96．F
97．E
98．A
99．C
【分析】
本文通过讲述大象鼻子上的绳子来告诉我们：面对失败，不要放弃，要坚持斗争。当作者在村里看到大象鼻子上系着一根细绳，大象却不会挣脱，他感到惊讶。驯象师告诉他这是因为大象在很小的时候，因为挣脱不了这个绳子，他长大了仍然以为挣脱不了，所以就放弃努力了。这告诉我们，失败是生活中的一部分，应该不要放弃努力。
95．句意：他发现这些巨大的大象只被拴在前腿上的一根小绳子牵着。
根据空后“that these huge elephants were being held by only a small rope (绳索) tied to their front leg. 这些巨大的大象只被拴在前腿上的一根小绳子牵着。”可知是发现这样的一个现象，结合所给单词，found符合句意。故选D。
96．句意：很明显，大象在任何时候都可以挣脱绳索，但因为某种原因，它们没有。
根据空前“the elephants could, at any time, break away from their ropes大象在任何时候都可以挣脱绳索”，及后面“they did not它们没有”，可知在这儿for是因为的意思，“因为某种原因”符合语境。故选F。
97．句意：当大象长大了，他们仍然认为他们不能挣脱绳子。
根据空前“at that age, it’s enough to hold them.在那么大时，绳子足以能栓住他们。”可知这儿as意为当……时，结合所给单词，“as they grow up当它们长大时”符合语境。故选E。
98．句意：但因为他们总是呆在原地，他们相信他们做不到（挣脱绳子）。
根据空前“because they always stuck right where they were因为他们总是呆在原地”，可知后面是结果，“they couldn’t它们不能” ，结合所给单词，“他们相信他们不能做到”符合句意。故选A。
99．句意：我们不应该放弃在生活中奋斗。
根据前面“Failing is part of learning. 失败是学习的一部分。”，可知后面是鼓励人们别怕失败，要去奋斗，所以“我们不应该放弃在生活中奋斗。”选用“never”符合语境和句意。故选C。
【点睛】
本题为人生感悟类阅读，总体理解起来难度较大，题目涉及到动词，副词和名词，做题时结合原文有针对性的找出前后语句进行分析，结合单词选项选出正确答案。有难度的单词要在理解全文整体内容的基础上作答，要整体把握文章主旨，不要以偏概全，要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理分析得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，盲目作答。
20、（2020·上海浦东新·八年级期末）
A．greatly B．angry C．took place D．attended E. cities F. happily
YOUTH DAY in China falls on May 4 every year. It is celebrated to honor the May Fourth Movement in 1919.
May Fourth Movement 100． after World War Ⅰ. China 101． the Paris Peace Conference (巴黎和会). However, China's reasonable demands (要求) were turned down at the conference. This made students in Beijing very 102．.
On May 4 in 1919, many students gathered at Tian'anmen Square. Students and working people in other 103． in China also joined the movement later.
The movement 104． influenced the development of modern Chinese culture and democracy (民主). This year marks the 100 anniversary of the May Fourth Movement. We should carry forward the spirit of the movement.
【答案】
100．C
101．D
102．B
103．E
104．A
【分析】
本文介绍了中国的青年节的来历。
100．
句意：五四运动发生在第一次世界大战后。
本句缺少谓语，可知填谓语动词。根据常识可知“五四运动发生在第一次世界大战后。”took place：发生。 故选C。
101．
句意：中国出席了巴黎和会。
本句缺少谓语，可知填谓语动词。根据常识可知“中国出席了巴黎和平会议。” attended：出席，参加。故选D。
102．
句意：这让北京的学生非常愤怒。
根据上文“However, China's reasonable demands (要求) were turned down at the conference.”可知“这让北京的学生非常愤怒。”短语make sb./sth. adj.：使某人/某物……；angry：愤怒的，形容词。故选B。
103．
句意：中国其他城市的学生和工人后来也加入了这场运动。
根据常识可知“中国其他城市的学生和工人后来也加入了这场运动。”cities：城市，city的复数。故选E。
104．
句意：这场运动极大地影响了中国现代文化和民主的发展。
本词修饰动词influenced可知填副词形式；根据常识可知“这场运动极大地影响了中国现代文化和民主的发展。” greatly：非常，极大地，大大地，副词。故选A。专题12 选词填空解题技巧及20篇专练
选词填空解题技巧
1. 综述：
选词填空是中考最新改革新出现的题型之一，其目的是旨在考查学生对于词汇的正确运用以及句子基本结构的分析能力，是容易得分的题型之一。
2. 解题技巧：
通常情况下选词填空是英语综合试卷中词汇与语法相结合的一部分，在具体解题过程中，主要是判断所给单词的词性，再结合具体的句子结构需要进行选择。
3. 常见的句子基本结构与词性关系如下：
1）组成句子的各部分叫做句子成分。句子的成分有：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
句子最基本的结构是：主语＋谓语
主语：在句子中的位置是放在句首：可以作主语的词类有名词、代词、数词、不定式以及词组、从句等。
e.g. The boys are playing football now.
名词作主语
Two and two are four.
数词作主语
To learn a foreign language is very useful.
动词不定式作主语
This is a key.
代词作主语。
谓语：谓语放在主语之后，动词作谓语，包括及物动词，不及物动词，系动词。
e.g. The students are reading books.
动词作谓语
表语：放在谓语之后，结构是：主语＋谓语（系动词）＋表语
用作表语的词有名词，代词，数词，形容词，副词，不定式，词组，从句等等。
e.g. We are students. 名词作表语
This desk is hers. 代词作表语
Lee is fifteen. 数词作表语
Sarah’s car looks nice. 形容词作表语
Our plan is to plant trees. 动词不定式作表语
Is your father in 表示地点的副词作表语
宾语：宾语放在谓语之后，结构是：主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语，宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语，直接宾语指物，间接宾语指人。
e.g. Please pass meth salt.
间接宾语 直接宾语
用作宾语的词有：名词，代词，数词，不定式短语，名词性的形容词或从句。
e.g. Do you need any help
名词作宾语
Would you like to help me 代词作宾语
He bought ten oranges. 数词作宾语
The teacher wants to take these chairs out of the room.
动词不定式作宾语
宾语补足语：在句子中放在宾语之后，结构是：主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语＋宾语补足语
可以用作宾语补足语的词有：名词，形容词，不定式和分词。名词或者代词＋形容词/名词/不定式/分词
e.g. Did you hear her sing just now 动词不定式作宾补
I saw him cleaning the window yesterday. 分词作宾补
Let us have a rest. 不定式短语作宾补
状语：一般放在句尾，有时放句首或句中。作状语的词有：副词，介词短语、词组，不定式短语，分词短语以及从句。
e.g. Immediately he started to sing.
副词放句首，作状语
I’m never late.
副词放句中作状语
He drives fast. 副词放句尾作状语。
Please park the car in front of the building.
介词短词作状语放句尾
They went to Shanghai to have a meeting.
动词不定式作状语
Jack watched TV day and night.
词组作状语
定语：请记住有名词或代词的地方都可以有定语。一般情况下单个的名词，代词，形容词放在所修饰的名词之前，而词组、短语、从句要放在所修饰的名词之后。
可以用作定语的词有：形容词，代词，数词，名词或名词所有格、介词短语，不定式短语，词组，分词短语和从句。
e.g. Ben is an old man.
形容词用作定语，放在名词之前。
Do you want another cake
代词用作定语放在所修饰的名词前。
The girl asked her mother two questions.
数词用作定语放在所修饰的名词之前。
The worker put the flowers in a paper bag.
名词用作定语放在所修饰的名词之前。
Who’s the man over there
介词短语作定语放在所修饰的名词之后。
Could you bring me something to drink,please
动词不定式作定语，放在不定代词之后。
The plane that can fly is a machine.
从句用作定语放在所修饰的名词之后。
2）句子的结构：简单句，并列句和复合句
首先看简单句的五种基本句型
（1）主语＋谓语（不及物动词）
e.g. Summer is coming.
（2）主语＋谓语（连系动词）＋表语。
e.g. You are very busy.
（3）主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语
e.g. Mr Liu teaches English.
（4）主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语＋宾语
e.g. Mum gave me a dictionary.
= Mum gave a dictionary to me.
（5）主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语＋宾语补足语
e.g. Lina asked him to go shopping together.
We call him “Uncle Wang”
The students watched the teacher doing the experiment.
并列句：
并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句构成。常用的并列连词有：and, but, or, so, not only …but also…, both …and …等等。
e.g. John got up late, so he had to go to school without breakfast.
约翰起床晚了，所以只好不吃早饭而上学。
Hurry up, or, you’ll be late.
快点儿，否则要迟到了。
We like not only music but also art.
我们不但喜欢音乐，而且也喜欢艺术。
复合句：
复合句是由一个主句和一个或几个从句构成。根据从句在句中的成分可以称为主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，定语从句，状语从句和同位语从句。
e.g. Whether he will come or not is not known.
他是否会来还不知道。（主语从句）
＝It is not known whether he will come or not.
That is what I should do.
这是我的本份。（表语从句）
He asked me where Mr Pope lived.
他问我Pope先生住在哪里。（宾语从句）
The idea that we asked Mike to come yesterday is quite good.
昨天我们请迈克来，这个主意太好了。（同位语从句）
This is the room where I live last summer.
这就是我去年夏天住过的房间。（定语从句）
He’ll telephone his mother as soon as he gets there.
他只要一到那儿，就会给母亲打电话。（时间状语从句）
Wherever there is smoke, there is fire.
无风不起浪。（地点状语从句）
Jean didn’t go to work because she was ill.
Jean因病没有上班。（原因状语从句）
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll go to the Science Museum.
如果明天不下雨，我们就去科学博物馆。（条件状语从句）
Mr. King spoke slowly so that everyone could understand him.
金先生将慢慢讲以使每个人都听懂他的话。（目的状语从句）
He is so clever that all the teachers like him.
他是那么聪明，所有的老师都喜欢他。（结果状语从句）
Although he was tired, he went on working.
虽然他累了，但他还在继续工作。（让步状语从句）
This film is more instructive than that one.
这部电影比那部有教育意义。（比较状语从句）
【例题精讲】
A. tasks B. village C.jokes D. follows E. deal with
Chinese TV viewers are getting a closer look at the changing roles of dads in the show Where Are We Going, Dad That is showing on Hunan Television. The show __1__ the adventures of 5 superstar dads who partner up with their young children and try to complete a lot of __2__. In one show the group travel to a small __3__ where they have to find something to cook. Along the way we see kids and their dads having fun, but we also see them having a lot of emotions. There are loving moments, tearful moments and uncomfortable moments as the dads try to__4__ their bad-tempered children.
1__________ 2__________ 3__________ 4__________
A again and again B blind C sheep D deaf E doctors
The most common jobs for working dogs are in search and rescue. They can find lost people or bodies after a big disaster or in the wild.
Guide dogs can help __1__ people walk safely. These dogs are popular in the US and Japan. Many guide dogs visited China during the 2008 Olympic Games.
There are also dogs working with __2__. They can help autistic(自闭症的) children. These children sometimes don’t talk and like to do the same things __3__. A study from Canada in 2010 showed that dogs could make autistic children feel relaxed and safe.
Herding dogs are important to __4__ owners. They keep the sheep safe. They are common in Australia, New Zealand and some parts of China. Nowadays, many people have them as pets.
So dogs are not only our pets but also our workmates.
1__________ 2__________ 3__________ 4__________
专题专练20篇
一、短文选词填空
1、（2020·上海市川沙中学南校八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can be used only once.（将下列单词或词组填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）
A．at first B．system C．sure D．stands E. developed F. created
On the envelopes, you can see zip codes (邮编) like “CA 90032” or “NY 11229”. What are these The letters CA and NY in the codes tell you the state the letter comes from or the state where the receiver lives. CA 1． for Califomia, and NY for New York State.
Zip codes 2． from a set of older codes used in the United States in 1940. In big cities, different zip codes are used for different parts of the city. With the help of the zip code, the postal workers sort mail much more quickly.
As the zip code system has been a great help to the post office, more and more countries are now using it. In China we began to use the 3． in 1982. Each Chinese Zip code has six numbers. But people were not used to it 4．. The central post office tried hard to make it popular. The six numbers have become as important as the receiver’s address. Next time you write a letter to a friend at home or abroad, be 5． to put the zip code on your envelope. It will help the postal worker to deliver your letter faster.
2、
A．bright B．usual C．agree with D．At that time E. money F. but G. should
Nowadays, choosing “key schools” becomes a fashion. More parents spend a lot of 6． choosing “key schools” for their children. What do you think of it
Jack: Usually a key school has a beautiful environment. It also motivates（激励）me to study hard. So I would like to study in a key school.
Mike: I 7． Jack. There are many top teachers in key schools. If I study there, I can learn a lot from them and I believe they will help me in different ways.
Simon: I think a key school student is a good student and has a（n）8． future.
Tina: I don’t care about what kind of school I am in. Of course key schools are great, 9． common schools are OK for me.
Frank: I think the government 10． spend more money on other schools. In this way, they can improve their quality and become key schools, too. 11．, we won’t be bothered（使烦恼）by the problems of choosing schools.
3、（上海市廊下中学八年级期末）
A．attractive B．decided C．successful D．exciting E. description
Tom was tired of living in his old house in the country and wanted to sell it and buy a better one. He tried to sell it for a long time, but it was not 12．. So he hired a real estate agent（房产代理）. The agent soon advertised his house, and a few days later, Tom saw a very 13．photograph of it, with a wonderful 14． of its gardens, in an expensive magazine. After Tom had read the advertisement, he immediately telephoned the real estate agent and said to him, “I’m sorry, Mr. Jones, but I’ve 15． not to sell my house. After reading your advertisement in that magazine, I can see that it’s just the kind of house I’ve wanted to live in all my life.”
【答案】
12．C
13．A
14．E
15．B
4、（上海市廊下中学八年级期末）
A．make sure B．crossing C．without D．interesting E. never
Some police stand at 16．. They tell the cars when to go and when to stop. They 17．that the cars do not go too fast. They help children cross the street. They also help people who can’t walk too well. Our streets would not be safe 18． the police. Cars might go too fast and hurt people. Lost people might 19． be found. Sometimes they are injured or even killed when they are performing their duties. The police do a good job. We need them. And we should thank them for a job well done.
5、（上海宝山·八年级期末）
A． without B．Snowman C．find out D．that E. pictures F. tallest G. quickly
Is there something strange high up in the world's 20． mountains If so, is it a big bear Is it monkey Or is it a kind of man
No one knows. This mystery has puzzled the world for years.
In 1887, a mountain climber found large footprints in the snow. They looked like the footprints of a very large man. But men don't walk 21． shoes in the snow!
In 1906, another climber saw more than footprints. Far off, he saw a very large animal standing on two legs. As he watched, it ran very 22．.
Fifteen years later, newspaper had new stories about the "something". A mountain climber said he had seen the "23．" walk slowly across the snow, far below him. He said it looked like a very large man.
From then on, more and more people had stories to tell. But not until 1951 did a mountain climber bring back of large footprints. "The pictures showed clearly 24． the Snowman walked on two legs." So it was not a bear or a monkey. Could it be an ape man The mystery grew! And the mystery keeps growing. Some day we may 25． what it is that makes the large footprints.
6、（上海市上南中学八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words or phrase in the box. Each can only beused once（将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）
A．Mum B．go into C．calls D．upstairs E. just F. not at all
I think the most terrible thing in life for my little brother is getting up in the morning. He is almost sick when my mother 26．, “Herbert! It’s seven o’clock! Get up!”
Herbert answers, “I’m coming!” and goes right back to sleep. I’m 27． like my brother. I don’t like to go to bed at night but I don’t mind getting up in the morning. I usually wake up before my mother calls me. I jump out of bed and 28． the bathroom to take a shower. I get dressed, brush my teeth, comb my hair, and get ready to go downstairs for breakfast as soon as my mother calls. But not Herbert. He just sleeps. A military band in our bedroom could not wake him up. I call him and say, “Get up! 29． will be up here to pull you out of bed if you don’t get up immediately!”
But he just sleeps. After calling a few more times my mother has to come 30． and pull Herbert out of bed. It’s that way every day with my little brother. Perhaps someday he’ll learn to get up on time, but I really don’t think so.
7、Complete the following passage with the words or expressions in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或短语前的字母填入空格。每个单词或短语只能填一次）
A．For example B．over and over C．medical D．On the other hand E. especially F. enough
Dreaming is an activity of the brain. It produces electrical waves which can be measured. You have dreams when brain waves are 31．fast.
Everyone dreams. If you think that you never dream, you are wrong. Most of the time, we cannot remember our dreams. Some scientists say that we dream mostly about the thoughts and wishes that we try not to show to others. Others say that if dreaming is not strong 32．, it is difficult to remember them anyway.
Most people cannot control their dreams, they just happen. Very few people have clear dreaming. They can control what takes place in their dreaming while they are asleep.
Even blind people dream. They may see pictures of events that have happened to them before they became blind. 33．, a person who was born blind does not see pictures in dreams, but they can hear, smell and taste in them.
People often have the same dreams34．again. They may be events in your life that have caused problems which you have not solved yet. Nightmares are dreams that are so terrible that you usually wake up. There is 35．treatment（治疗）for nightmares. You can go to a doctor who tries to find out why you have nightmares and how to deal with them.
8、
A．harder B．keep healthy C．sports D．they E. with F. for G. teacher
We got more than 1,000 letters, faxes (传真) and e-mails from our readers about their New Year’s resolutions(决心). Many readers are going to work 36． at school this year. To be more healthy, lots of readers are going to do 37． and some readers say they are going to eat more vegetables. Some girls say 38． are going to exercise more to 39．. Some parents are going to study the subjects which their children learn at school. They want to get on better 40． their kids. An old lady said she found a job as a foreign language 41．. She is going to teach English in China next year.
9、（上海浦东新·八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格。每个单词或词组只能填一次）
A．driving B．noisy C．quietly D．crowded E. in public F convenient
Dear Sunday Globe,
I’m writing to you about your article in last Sunday’s newspaper, Cell Phones Make Life Easier. You did an excellent job explaining the good points of cell phones. They’re 42．and very helpful in business. On the other hand, you didn’t talk about their bad points at all. Thus, I hope you’ll let me give your readers some advice on cell phone etiquette (礼仪).
The first point I’d like to address is loudness. When talking face to face 43．, you wouldn’t shout. In fact, the microphones in cell phones are so sensitive that you can be heard even if you speak44． .
Another point that needs to be made is to deal with personal space. I think it is very impolite to make calls in small spaces or45． rooms. This makes others uncomfortable and forces them to listen to your personal business.
Lastly, let me draw your readers’ attention to the dangers of doing two things at the same time. For example, cell phones and46．are a bad combination(结合). Pay attention to the road!
Besides, cell phones can cause you to neglect good friends. Give friends who are with you your full attention. Turn off your cell phones and enjoy their company!
Sincerely,
Amber Jala
10、（上海普陀·八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格，每个单词或词组只能用一次）：
A．clear B．system C．fierce D．search E. solve F. offer
How often do you see a plant you don’t know about Your parents don’t know it either. You can’t always carry an encyclopedia with you. So maybe you would like to 47． for it online with your smart phone. But where do you start Now an app may help you 48． the problem.
First, approach the unknown plant, but don’t get too close. You can hold up your smart phone and take a 49． picture of it. Then you submit(提交) the picture. After one to five seconds, the app will show the name of the plant and 50． other useful information. For example: Where does this plant usually exist Can it cause any harm to animals Or can humans use it in some ways The app 51． can tell more than 4,000 plants.
Cool, isn’t it Why not use it and share what you learn from it on WeChat Moments(微信朋友圈) You’ll be one with the top brain in your class.
11、（上海虹口·八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次）:
A．watch B．as well as C．how D．sell E. possible F. why G. popular
The Germans published the first modern-style newspaper in 1609. News-sheets existed before then, but these were not really newspapers.
Hundreds of years later, people are still buying newspapers. Shops and stalls all over the world 52． millions of newspapers every day.
However, people do not get their news only from newspapers. They can listen to it, as they did long ago, and they can 53． it.
Two inventions, radio and television, have made this 54．. These broadcast many news programmes daily. So people now get news from their radios and TV sets, 55．from papers.
However, newspapers remain 56． because they give the news in more detail than either radio or TV. That is the main reason 57． people continue to buy them.
12、（上海普陀·八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.
A． fond B．race C．success D．pretend E. realize F. proud
Many teenagers have hobbies. But sometimes these hobbies can get in the way of schoolwork, and parents might worry about their child’s ______ at school. Teenagers often think they should be allowed to develop their hobbies as much as they want. Do you agree
Liu Yu, a fifteen-year-old student from Shandong, is ______ of running. He is on his school running team and has always wanted to be a professional athlete(专业运动员). However, his parents don’t allow him to train as much as he would like to. “Of course we want to see Liu Yu ______ his dreams,” says his father, “and we know how much he loves running. My wife and I have watched every ______ he has taken part in. We know he is excellent in running, and we are _____of him. But He needs to think about what will happen if he can’t be a professional runner in the end.”
58．________
59．________
60．________
61．________
62．________
13、（2020·上海·世泽中学八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)：
A．hungry B．in front of C．towards D．surprised
Mr. and Mrs. Smith have just opened a small restaurant. They want people to come to the restaurant to eat, so they put a sign 63． it. The sign said, “Meals on the house for three days.”
A foreign student who didn’t know much English passed by the restaurant on the second day. It was lunchtime and he felt 64．. “Well, here is a restaurant. I’m going to have something to eat,” he said. He saw the sign when he walked 65． the restaurant.
A．angry B．strange C．look for D．look up
“American people are really 66．. They even eat on the house! But how can I get onto the top of the house ” he asked himself.
He looked around and found a ladder nearby. He was very happy. But as he got up to the top, he heard Mr. Smith shouting at him. “Hey, what are you doing up there ” Mr. Smith looked 67．. Beside him was a policeman.
“Doesn’t your sign say ‘Meals on the house for three days’ Is it just a joke ” the foreign student answered.
On hearing this, both Mr. Smith and the policeman laughed. “Do you know what ‘on the house’ means Please 68． the words in your dictionary.”
Actually, “on the house” means “for free”.
14、（2020·上海浦东新·八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格，用A、B、C、D等表示。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）
A．shared B．advised C．nothing D．with E. felt F. has
Once, a group of fishermen went out to sea. Their captain was an old and wise fisherman. He always guided them well.
At sea, the fishermen spread their large net into the water. When they pulled out the net, there was 69． in it. This happened about two or three more times and the fishermen lost heart, but their captain 70． them to keep trying.
Once again, the fishermen spread their net. It 71． heavy when they pulled it out. But there were only some small fish, wood and seaweed in the net. When they were about to sink the net back into the water, their captain said, “Empty the net. Throw it back into the sea and try once again.”
When the fishermen checked the net on the boat, they found a box 72． some gold coins and gems (宝石) in it. The captain 73． them with all the fishermen and everyone went home happily
This story tells us we mustn’t leave any work unfinished if we want to enjoy the fruits of our hard work.
15、（上海市鲁迅初级中学八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words or expressions in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或短语前的序号填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）
A．crashed B．moment C．running out of D．lost E. fall asleep F. running away G. returned
It was the last day of school. I planned to travel to my friend’s hometown. I haven’t seen him for years and this was a good chance to meet him again.
I was busy at school. So it was rather late when I came back home. It was already 10 o’clock at night. I was74． time. After a hurried meal, I left and found a taxi very soon. Asking the driver to drive me fast to the station, I relaxed for a 75．, thinking about what my friend looked like now. I was soon at the station and was sure that I would be able to catch the train. Unluckily, I got 76． on the way and wasted some time. When I finally reached the platform, the train just left! It was the last train so I 77． home.
My mother was glad to see me back as she had a feeling about my trip. But I was unhappy. I tried to relax and went to bed, but I could not 78．. The next morning, I was very tired. As I was having breakfast, the newspaper arrived. I read over the pages and was surprised to find that the train I missed had an accident. It 79． with another train. How lucky I was that I missed the train!
16、（上海市奉贤区弘文学校八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words and phrases in the box. Each item can be used only once(选择下列单词或词组填入空格，完成短文，每空格限填一词，每词只能用一次)
A． At B．busy C．talking to D．pay E. still F. on
Betty Kwan has an unusual new company called “It's Done”. She does errands(跑腿) for80． people. She'll mail your letters at the post office, pick up your medicine at the drugstore and even go shopping at a supermarket for you. Her customers 81． for each hour of her service.
Betty got the idea for “It's done.” While she was working in an office. 'I never had enough time for all my errands. I had to run to the bank82． my lunch time, and the post office, and the dry cleaner's. I was always rushing. I really wished someone could do all those things for me. When I mentioned this to my friends, they all said it sounded a great idea for a business. And that's how it started.
Betty is 83． very busy. "Yesterday, I went to the post office and then to the airport. Today I have to buy presents for all the secretaries in the company. But it's always interesting, and I really love84． my customers.”
17、（上海松江·八年级期末）
A．influence B．as well as C．still D．sell E. popular F. briefly
The Germans published the first modern-style newspaper in 1609. Before then, news-sheets existed, but these were not really newspapers.
Hundreds of years later, people are 85． buying newspapers. Shops and stalls all over the world 86． millions of newspapers every day.
However, people do not get their news only from newspapers. They can listen to it, as they did long ago, and they can watch it, too. We can see the87． of two inventions, radio and television in some ways. They broadcast many news programmes daily. People get news from their radios and TV sets 88．from papers.
Nowadays, newspapers remain 89． because they offer the news in more detail than either radio or TV. That is the main reason why people continue to buy them.
18、（上海徐汇·八年级期末）
A．rises B．largest C．heats D．powerful E. size F. as well as
Waves are beautiful to look at, but they can destroy ships at sea, 90． houses and buildings near the bank. What causes waves Most waves are caused by winds blowing over the surface of water. The sun 91． the earth, causing the le air to rise and the winds to blow. The winds blow across the sea, pushing little waves into bigger and bigger ones.
The 92． of a wave depends on how strong the wind is, how long it blows, and how large the body of water is. In a small bay big wave will ever build up. But at sea the wind can build up 93．waves.
According to the rule, when the wind is blowing at 120 kilometers per hour, most waves will be about twelve metres high. Of course, some waves may make up of big waves that are much higher. In 1933， the US Navy （海军）reported the 94． measured wave in history. It rose in the Pacific Ocean to thirty-four meters high.
19、（上海市卢湾中学八年级期末）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once （将下列单词或词组填入空格, 每词只能填一次）
A．believed B．small C．never D．found E. grow up F. reason
Once there was a man travelling in a faraway village. As he was passing the elephants, he suddenly stopped. He95． that these huge elephants were being held by only a small rope (绳索) tied to their front leg. No chains (锁链), no cages (笼子). It was clear that the elephants could, at any time, break away from their ropes but for some96． , they did not.
He saw a trainer nearby and asked why these animals just stood there and didn’t try to get away. “Well,” the trainer said, “when they are very young and much smaller we use the same size rope to tie them and, at that age, it’s enough to hold them. As they 97． , they still believe they cannot break away. They believe the rope can hold them, so they never try to break free.”
How could it be These animals could at any time break free from their ropes. But because they always stuck right where they were, they 98． they couldn’t.
Just like the elephants, how many of us go through life believing that we cannot do something, just because we failed at it once before
Failing is part of learning. We should 99． give up the struggle (挣扎) in life.
20、（2020·上海浦东新·八年级期末）
A．greatly B．angry C．took place D．attended E. cities F. happily
YOUTH DAY in China falls on May 4 every year. It is celebrated to honor the May Fourth Movement in 1919.
May Fourth Movement 100． after World War Ⅰ. China 101． the Paris Peace Conference (巴黎和会). However, China's reasonable demands (要求) were turned down at the conference. This made students in Beijing very 102．.
On May 4 in 1919, many students gathered at Tian'anmen Square. Students and working people in other 103． in China also joined the movement later.
The movement 104． influenced the development of modern Chinese culture and democracy (民主). This year marks the 100 anniversary of the May Fourth Movement. We should carry forward the spirit of the movement.
