Unit 1 Friendship Words

(共42张PPT)
By Mr. Guo
2012.9
add up
Add up your score and see how many points you get.
add v
⑴ ~ sth (to sth) ∕ add to 加；添；增加
______ some sugar ______ the water.
往水里加些糖。
They don’t want to ______ ______ ______ ______ ______.
他们不想增加政府的负担。
Add to
add to the government’s burden
⑵ add up 加起来
Now try and add up these figures.
现在想办法吧这些数字加起来。
⑶ add up to sth 总计共达，加起来是
These numbers ______ ______ ______ ______.
这些数目合计为100.
add up to 100
2. upset v (upset, upset, upsetting)
Your friend comes to school very upset.
⑴ 打翻, 弄翻（某物）（尤指无意地）
______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______. 一个巨浪打翻了船.
⑵ 打乱, 扰乱（计划等）
______ ______ ______ ______ ______, Zhang juanjuan upset the Korean player in the Archery match.
在北京奥运会射箭比赛上，张娟娟击败了韩国选手。
⑶ 使（某人）苦恼或心烦
The news completely upset them.
这消息使他们极为心烦。
A large wave upset the boat.
In the Beijing Olympic Games
3. ignore V
The bell rings so you need to go to class.
But you will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.
take no notice of (sb/sth) ﹦pay no attention to忽视（某人∕某事物）
I said hello to her, but she
______ ______ ______!
我向她打招呼, 可她根本不理我!
词性转换：名词ignorance 无知，愚昧
ignored me completely
4. calm down
calm v
⑴ ~ (sb) (down)
（使某人）平静, 镇静, 安静
Just calm down a bit!
你先静一静!
⑵ adj (-er, -est) （指海洋）无浪的，（指天气）无风的，安静的; （指人）平静的。
calm∕silent∕still∕quiet的区别
calm用于人时，主要指内心平静，思想、精神不激动，不受感情或激情的干扰；用于自然界时，可形容风和日丽的天气，风平浪静的海洋等。例如：
① a calm, cloudless day 无风无云的一天.
② Even when the Wenchuan earthquake happened, the little boy was still calm and helped his classmates.
即使汶川大地震发生，这个小男孩仍然很镇静的去帮助他的同学。
silent 主要指不说话或不喧闹。例如：
a silent film 无声电影 silent reading 默读
still 表示暂时静止不动（持续时间短），沉寂无声。例如：
______ ______ while I ______ ______ ______. 站着别动，我给你照相。
quiet 主要表示人们从外界感触到的安静，用于自然界时，指没有干扰、喧闹，其反义词为noisy. 例如：
Please be quiet. Don’t make so much noise. She is sleeping.
请安静些，别那么吵吵闹闹的，她在睡觉呢。
Stand still
take your photograph
5. be concerned about／for
You will tell your fiend that you are concerned about him/her and you will meet after class and talk then.
concerned adj
⑴ ~ (about／for sth／that…)＝worried; troubled 担心的; 关心的
①If you don’t go home ______ ______, your parents will ______ ______ ______ ______ ______.
如果你不按时回家，你的父母将担心你的安全。
② I’m concerned that ______ ______ ______ ______ ______.
我担心他们可能迷路了.
联系：worry
on time
be concerned about／for your safety
they may have got lost
⑵ be concerned with sth 与…有关；涉及
These researches ______ ______ ______ ______.
这些研究与癌症有关。
联系：concerning/about
⑶As far as one is concerned/as far as one know 据某人所知
are concerned with cancer
6.go through
Are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you,or would not understand what you are going through
1. 经历
The country has _____ ______ too many wars.
这个国家经历了太多的战争。
2. 被通过
The new law did not _____ ______.
新法案未能通过。
3. 讨论
Let's ______ _______ the argument again.
让我们再来讨论一下这一论点。
4. 举行
They ______ _______ the marriage service.他们举行了婚礼。
gone through
go through
go through
went through
区分： get through
⑴ 通过,穿过
⑵（设法）做或完成某事
I’ve got through a lot of homework today. 今天我处理了大量的家庭作业.
When you ______ ______ ______ ______ ______, let’s go out.
你完成工作后,我们出去吧。
⑶（帮助某人）（考试、 测验等）及格
Tom failed but his sister got through. 汤姆不及格,但他妹妹及格了.
get through with your work
⑷（与某人）联系（尤指通电话）
I tried ringing you several times yesterday but I ______ ______ ______.
昨天我给你打了几次电话, 可是都没（和你）接通.
⑸ 用完, 消耗掉（一定量的某物）
She ______ ______ forty cigarettes ______ ______. 她一天抽四十枝香烟.
⑹ get through to sb. ＝ make sb understand the meaning of what one is saying; communicate with sb 所说的话使某人理解; 与某人沟通
I find her impossible to ______ ______ ______. 我发觉无法跟她沟通思想.
couldn’t get through (to you)
gets through
a day
get through to
7. set down 记下
I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do.
I have ______ ______ everything ______ ______.
我已将发生的每件事记了下来。
同义短语: ____________ _____________
8. series
⑴ 连续;系列[(+of)]
Then began a series of wet days that spoiled our vacation.
之后就是一连串的下雨天,把我们的假期弄得一团糟。
⑵ (邮票)套;丛书;辑;组
This publishing firm is planning a new series of school textbooks.
这家出版公司正打算出一套新的系列教材。
set down
that happened
write down, put down
9. outdoors
adv. 在户外,在野外,在露天;往户外
The children ______ ______ until it ______ ______ ______.
孩子们在户外玩耍直到天下起雨来。
n. 户外,野外;户外生活方式,野外活动
I saw her coming ______ ______ ______ ____.
我看到她从室外走进来。
played outdoors
started to rain
in from the outdoors
10. on purpose 故意地;有目的地
I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself.
She seems to do these things ______ ______. 她似乎是有意地做这些事.
purpose n 目的; 意图 (of )
⑴ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ the meeting 这会议的目的是什么
⑵ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ going to Canada 你到加拿大干什么去
反义词组：____________ ____________
同义词组：by design
on purpose
What is the purpose of
What is your purpose in
by chance, by accident
11. in order to 为了(so as to)
We started early ______ ______ ______ arrive before dark.
为了在天黑前到达,我们很早就动身了。
区分：in order that/ so as that
12. dusk n.[U]
I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open.
⑴ 薄暮,黄昏
He worked from dawn till dusk.他从早工作到晚。
⑵ 幽暗
We could see nothing in the dusk of the hall.
大厅里一片昏暗,我们什么也看不见。
联系：at dawn ________
in order to
在黎明，清晨
13. entire adj.
The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power.
⑴ 全部的,整个的[B]
It took us ______ ______ ______ to finish painting the home.它花去了我们整整一星期的时间才把房子粉刷好。
⑵ 全然的,完全的
I am in entire agreement with you.我完全同意你。
词性转换：entirely adv._______
同义词：wholly totally completely absolutely
14. power n. powerful adj.
⑴ 权,政权;权力;势力 +over sth.
⑵ 职权;权限 +to do sth.
The president has ______ ______ ______ ______ ______.总统有权否决议案。
an entire week
完全地
the power to veto bills
Veto:否决权
⑶ 能力,本领 +of sth.
She lost her ______ ______ ______.
她失去了说话的能力。
⑷ 力,力量;动力,电力;功率[U]
______ ______ ______ ______ dimmed the streets. 由于电力不足,街道昏暗。
⑸ 有权力的人;有影响的机构;强国,大国[C]
______ ______ ______ will meet in Beijing this summer.今夏世界上的大国将在北京聚会。
⑹ 【口】许多,大量[S][(+of)]
vt. 给…提供动力
The tractor is ______ by a diesel engine.这台牵引机是用柴油机发动的。
power of speech
The shortage of power
The world powers
powered
15. face to face 面对面地
It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face…
They will debate face to face. 他们将当面进行辩论。
联系：肩并肩__________ _____________
手拉手_________ 嘴对嘴 __________
背靠背___________
shoulder to shoulder，side by side
hand in hand
mouth to mouth
back to back
16. settle vt.
She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place.
⑴ 安放;安顿;安排;料理
He settled his child in a corner of the compartment.
他把孩子安顿在车厢的一个角落里。
⑵ 使(自己)安下心来;使(心情)平静下来,使安宁
______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______.
激动过后,我设法平静下来。
⑶ 确定,决定 +that∕wh-clause
I’ve ______ that I’ll ______ ______ and ______ ______ ______.
我已决定放弃学医,开始学物理。
⑷ 解决(问题等);结束(争端、纠纷等)
The question ______ ______ ______. 这个问题已经解决了。
⑸ 支付,结算
I have several bills to settle. 我有好几笔账要付。
After the excitement I tried to
settle myself.
settled drop medicine
take up physics,
has been settled
vi.
⑴ 停息;下沉;沉淀[(+on/over/upon)]
The powder ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______. 粉末都沉淀到杯底了。
⑵ 稳定下来;平静下来;镇定下来 +down∕to
She cannot ______ ______ ______.她安不下心来工作。
⑶ 安家,定居;殖民
The family ______ ______ ______ ______.这家人已定居加拿大。
6. 决定,确定[(+on)]
settled to the bottom of the cup
settle to work
has settled in Canada
17. suffer vt. ⑴ 遭受;经历
She suffered from loneliness, but she had to learn to like it there.
He ______ many humiliations before he ______ ______ ______ ______ ______.
他在成为足球名将前受过许多屈辱。
⑵ (常用于否定句)忍受
I cannot suffer such rudeness. 我不能容忍这种粗鲁的举止。
vi. ⑴ 受苦;患病 +from
① He ______ ______ poverty ____ ___ ___. 他一生受贫穷之苦。
② My father suffers from high blood pressure. 我父亲有高血压。
⑵ 受惩罚;被处决 +for
He suffered for his offence. 他因自己的过错而受到惩罚。
suffered
he became a football star
suffered from all his life
18. recover vt.
How can Linda recover from her illness in this room when it’s so dirty and dusty
⑴ 重新获得;重新找到
Jane recovered her lost wallet.简寻回了丢失的钱包。
⑵ 恢复;使恢复原状
① Jennie ____ ____ ____ ____ to ______ ______.
珍妮努力使自己镇定下来。
② She has recovered her health. 她已恢复了健康。
⑶ 挽回,弥补
It’s hard to recover lost time. 弥补失去的时间并不容易。
vi. 恢复健康;恢复原状;恢复 +from
It took a long time for him to ___ ____ ____ ___ ____. 他患重感冒,很长时间才康复。
I think she will recover. 我想她会痊愈的
made a great effort recover herself
recover from a bad cold
19. pack n. [C]
I need to pack up my things in the suitcase very quickly.
⑴ 包;捆;包裹;背包
The tourist carried a pack on his back. 观光旅行者背了个包。
⑵ 一包(盒,箱,袋); 一伙,一帮; 一堆,大量 +of
He used to smoke a pack of cigarettes a day. 他过去经常一天抽一包香烟。
______ ______ ______ ______ 一伙盗贼
What she told you was ___ ___ ___ ___.
她对你说的话是一派谎言。
a pack of thieves
a pack of lies
vt. ⑴ 将…挤(塞,装)入；挤(塞,装)满
______ ______ ______ ______ ______ _________.他把衣服装进行李箱内。
⑵ 捆扎;包装
We packed the books before we moved. 我们在搬迁前把书本捆好了。
⑶ 把…打发走；撵走 +off
They ______ ______ their little daughter to her aunt's house before ______ ______ ______.
他们去法国前把小女儿送到她姑母家。
vi. 挤
Thousands of people ______ ______ the stadium. 成千上万的人挤近体育馆。
He packed his clothes into a trunk
packed off
leaving for France
packed into
20. exactly ad.
⑴ 确切地,精确地;完全地
Tell me exactly where she lives. 确切地告诉我她住哪儿。
⑵ 恰好地,正好地
That’s exactly what I expected. 那正是我所期待的。
⑶ (用于答语)一点不错
“Do you mean that we are stuck here ”— “Exactly, my dear.”
“你的意思是我们被困在这儿了 ” —“一点儿不错,亲爱的。”
词性转换：exact adj.
21. disagree vi.
⑴ 不一致,不符 +with
Our answers to the problem disagreed. 我们对这个问题的回答不一致。
⑵ 意见不合;有分歧 +with∕on
______ ______ ______ ______ _____. 我们对看哪一个电影意见不一致。
⑶ 争论,争执 +on∕about
The two neighbors disagreed bitterly about their boundary line.
这两个邻居在住房界线问题上剧烈争吵。
⑷ (食物，天气等)不适宜,有害 +with
Strawberries disagree with me. 我一吃草莓就不舒服。
反义词：agree
We disagreed on which movie to see
22. grateful adj. 感谢的,感激的
I would be grateful if you give me some advice.
+for∕to或+to-v或+that—clause
I am grateful to have you help me repair the house.
承你帮忙修缮房子,我十分感激。
She was grateful to George for all that he had done.
她感激乔治所做的一切。
23. dislike vt. 不喜爱,厌恶 +v-ing
I dislike having to get up early. 我不喜欢早起。
n. 不喜爱,厌恶 CN∕UN +of∕for sb∕sth.
______ ______ ______ ______ _____.
那男孩不喜欢吃蔬菜。
I’ve told you all my ______ ______ ______.
喜欢什么，不喜欢什么，我都对你说了。
He didn’t try to hide his ______ ______ ______ ______.
他没有掩饰自己对上司的反感。
同义词： hate 反义词：like/love to do /doing
The boy has a dislike for vegetables
likes and dislikes
dislike of his boss
24. swap vt., vi.＆n.交换；以…作交换；与…交换 +for∕with
swap back 交换回来
I’ll swap you three of mine for one of yours.
我以我的三个换你一个。
Let’s do a swap.
我们交换吧。
25.join in
辨析：join，join in，take part in 和attend
这几个词或短语都有“参加”的意思，但用法不同。
1)join有两个用法：
(1)指加入某个党派，团体组织等，成为其成员之一，意为：“参军、入团、入党”等。如：
①When did your brother join the army
你哥哥什么时候参军的？
②She joined the Young Pioneers.
她加入了少先队。
(2)和某人一道做某事，其结构为：join sb. in (doing) sth.，根据上下文，in (doing) sth. 也可以省去。如：
①Will you join us in the discussion
你参加我们的讨论吗？
②He'll join us in singing the song.
他将和我们一道唱歌。
③We're going to the East Lake Park on Sunday. Will you join us
我们打算星期天去东湖公园。你跟我们一道去好吗？
2)join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语。如：
①Come along, and join in the ball game.
快，来参加球赛。
②Why didn't you join in the talk last night
昨晚你为什么没参加座谈？
3)take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等，着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。如：
①We'll take part in social practice during the summer vacation.
暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。
②We often take part in physical labor.
我们经常参加体力劳动。
【注意】take part in是惯用词组，part前一般不用冠词，但part前有形容词修饰时，要用不定冠词。如：
①Lincoln took an active part in polities and was strongly against slavery.
林肯积极参加政治活动，强烈反对奴隶制。
4)attend是正式用语，及物动词，指参加会议，婚礼，葬礼，典礼；去上课，上学，听报告等。句子的主语只是去听，去看，自己不一定起积极作用。如：
①He'll attend an important meeting tomorrow. 他明天要参加一个重要的会议。
②I attended his lecture. 我听了他的讲课。
26. no longer / not.. any longer与no more / not.. any more
It’s no pleasure looking through these curtains any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.
1. no longer / not... any longer表示不再继续或再现过去某一时刻发生或存在而一直延续的动作 / 状态时，常用于过去时、现在时或将来时的句子中,着重表示时间的不再延续，意为“如今不再”。如：
He was no longer a thief. 他不再是小偷了。
When there is no gravity, our feet no longer stay on the ground. 如果没有重力，我们的脚就不能再站在地面上。
2. no more / not... any more表示再也不重复过去反复发生的动作时，常用于过去时或将来时的句子中，意为“再也没有更多(大)的数量(程度)”如：
Now she wasn't afraid any more. 现在她再也不害怕了。
单词巩固练习
1. Peasants are living a comfortable life because of ________ good harvests
A. a series of B. a pair of
C. a set of D. a piece of
2. We are living a _____ life in the country.
A. still B. quiet C. calm D. silent
3. The village is ______what it looked like when they settled their homes there 20 years ago.
not any longer B. no longer
C. no more D. not any more
4. Iraq has __________ too many wars since 1990, making his people __________ a lot.
A. got through; pay B. looked through; face
C. gone through; suffer D. passed through; destroy
5. It is not a serious illness. I guess she will ______ soon.
A. remove B. recover C. replace D. reduce
6.－Have you finished your experiment report, Jane
－Oh, my God. I’ve _______ forgotten all about that.
A. strongly B. extremely C. entirely D. freely
7.－Father, you promised!
－Well, _______.But it was you who didn’t keep your words first. (2005年,湖北)
A. so was I B. so did I
C. so I was D. so I did
8. There is no ______ swimming-pool in this school and the students often go to swim ______.
indoors; outdoors B. indoor; outdoor
C. indoor; outdoors D. indoor; indoors
9. While ____the dog, you should take care not to____. Otherwise, it may be dangerous to strangers.
walking; get loose
B. walk; be loose
C. walking for; get it loose
D. training; get it run
10. She ___________ the vase on the table and went out.
A. set out B. set up
C. set down D. set on
建立，创立
出发，动身
放下，记下
攻击，袭击