2022届高考英语二轮复习:短文填词专项练习(含答案)

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名称 2022届高考英语二轮复习:短文填词专项练习(含答案)
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高考英语短文填词专项练习10篇
(一)
When you try to build muscle effectively, things such as healthy, balanced diets and regular workouts should ______1______(take) into consideration. Indeed, the actual muscle building process is a bit harder, ______2______ you shouldn’t fear to try. Also, it shouldn’t be made overly complex. Nowadays, it is very normal ______3_____ the more you read about muscle building, the more complex it gets. Some say you are supposed ______4______(exercise) several times a week; others recommend a more frequent workout routine.
The natural building of your muscles ____5_______(be) a personal experience that requires some hard work as well as your determination. The best you can do is to listen to your body and adopt a workout approach fully _______6______(satisfy) your body’s requirements. Increasing muscle mass _____7______(natural) will take some time and it will take longer for some people than for others. How fast you build up your muscle depends on _____8______(variety) factors like age and sex. However, it is a false ____9_____(believe) that muscle building after a certain age is a waste of time. Research has proved the effect that resistance training has ____10______ the musculoskeletal (骨骼肌的) system, bodily functions, and the prevention of lower-back pain and other disabilities.
1.___________2. ____________3. ____________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________
6.___________7. ____________8. ____________ 9. ___________ 10. ___________
答案:
be taken (当你想锻炼时,你应该考虑如健康、均衡的饮食和定期锻炼之类的事情。take和主语things之间为被动关系。应用被动语态。)
but/yet (锻炼肌肉的实际过程确实有点难,但是你不应该害怕去尝试。前后句为转折关系。)
that (此处为It is +adj.+that从句,其中it为形式主语,that从句是真正的主语。)
to exercise (be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事)
is (主语为the natural building of your muscle,表示单数意义,所以动词用is)
satisfying (satisfy与approach为逻辑上的主谓关系,所以用现在分词作后置定语。)
naturally (此处应用副词修饰动词。)
various (此处应用形容词修饰factors,various各种各样的)
belief (到了一定的年龄后再锻炼肌肉是在浪费时间是一种错误的观点。根据前面a false及句意可知,此处应该填名词belief。)
on (分析句子结构可知,that引导的定语从句修饰the great effect,that在从句中做has的宾语,再结合句意,此处为have...effect on sth. “对......有影响”结构的一种变形。)
(二)
____1____ the morning of grandson’s wedding, Peg McCormack received some bad news. The 91-year-old was in the hospital after a fall when she found she would be unable to attend the _____2____(celebrate) in Madison, New Jersey.
Unknown to McCormack, her grandson and his wife had made a heartfelt plan ____3____(include) her in the day’s activities. ____4______(Follow) by a wedding photographer, the couple made a surprise visit ____5____the hospital before heading to the reception.
“She was so excited to watch us get married.” the bride said, “She was ___6___
(simple) living for this wedding. So we brought _____7____ to her.”
“When we walked into the room____8____ she stayed, she was obviously shocked.” the photographer said. “She just kept saying ‘I can’t believe you’re here!’ and thanking them for coming to see her. The way she held their hands, ____9_____ (touch) their faces and just looked at them, you could tell they had such a special bond. I don’t think she released Brian’s hand ___10_____ entire time that we were in the room.”
“ It meant the world to bring the wedding to her.” the groom said. “ It was such a small portion of the day to trade in for such a special moment.”
1.___________2. ____________3. ____________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________
6.___________7. ____________8. ____________ 9. ___________ 10. ___________
答案:
On (具体某一天用介词on)
celebration (the 后面用名词的形式。celebration “庆典,庆祝活动”)
including/to include (此处可用make a plan to do sth. 结构,也可以用介词including构成介词短语结构。)
Followed (follow与逻辑主语之间为动宾关系,应用动词的-ed形式作状语。)
to (make a visit to do sth. 访问,拜访,参观)
simply (用副词修饰动词)
it (用it指代前面提到的wedding)
where (定语从句中缺少地点状语,所以用where引导。)
touched (空格处和held及looked at构成并列成分,时态应保持一致。)
the (此处特指在Brian他们待在病房的整个期间,所以用定冠词the)
(三)
Recently I spent two days in Dubai, the largest city in the United Arab Emirates. I found the city fascinating to tour, but it was the desert ____1____ really appealed to me. So I jumped at the chance ____2____(experience) a desert safari.(游猎)
Arriving at the desert, we were impressed with the splendid view before us. Huge dunes(沙丘)spread out amazingly as far as the eye could see. We ____3____
(drive) up, down and around them by an experienced Arabian driver. Though in fear, everyone screamed _____4_____(delight). At sunset, we headed to the desert camp ____5____ dinner was waiting.
At the camp, we could choose from abundant activities to enjoy before dinner, ___6____ camel rides, body painting and taking pictures with an eagle. How cool!
In the center of the camp stood a large stage ____7______(surround) with rows of low tables on the carpets. Everyone sat on cushions on the ground and had ___8____ good view of the center of the stage. Throughout the buffet dinner, we enjoyed several fantastic _____9_____(perform).
During my brief stay in Dubai, I saw famous buildings and wandered through spice markets and museums, but my safari into desert was by far the ___10___(attract) part.
1.___________2. ____________3. ____________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________
6.___________7. ____________8. ____________ 9. ___________ 10. ___________
答案:
that (此处是强调句,it is/was +被强调部分+that+句子的其他成分。此处强调的是主语the desert,所以用that。)
to experience (the chance to do sth. 做......的机会)
were driven (由上下文可知,此处描述的是过去的事情,用一般过去时;由下文中的“by an experienced Arabian driver”可知,we和drive之间应为被动关系。)
delightedly (此处用副词修饰动词scream,表示“高兴地”)
where (定语从句中缺少地点状语,所以用where引导。)
like (根据句意:在营地,享受晚餐之前,我们可以选择丰富的活动,像骑骆驼,身体彩绘和与鹰拍照。空格后列举了三个活动,表举例,故用介词like)
surrounded (句中已有谓语动词stood,所以空格处要用非谓语,stage和surround之间为动宾关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语,修饰stage)
a (have a good view of... “看清楚......”)
performances (句意:在自助晚餐的过程中,我们欣赏了几场精彩的表演。该空在句中作enjoy的宾语,且被several修饰,应用名词复数形式。)
most attractive (空格处用形容词修饰名词,句意:在迪拜短暂逗留期间,我看到了著名的建筑,逛了香料市场和博物馆,但在沙漠游猎是迄今为止最吸引人的部分。)
(四)
Experience China, a popular week-long holiday program, took place online for the first time starting Monday. It was organized by the Confucius Institute in Frankfurt ____1____ the Chinese language and Chinese culture are taught. ____2____(design) for German children who are interested in the Chinese language and culture, this year’s program has been simplified ____3____(adapt) to children’s online attention span(持续时间)and habits. It has ___4____(few)events of dancing and martial arts, but more real-time video chat with Chinese youth in China. The Institute’s online classes will gradually take ___5____ place of traditional ones in late March. Its students could also get ____6_____(accessible) to various online after-class activities, such as attending reading clubs and Tai Chi lessons. “The feedback on our online classes _____7____(be) very good so far. We have no ____8_____(complain) about the sudden switch to online classes.” Christina Werum-Wang, director of the Institute, told Xinhua. “Even more, most people are very happy that we don’t stop classes, and they are ____9___(simple) grateful that the program goes so smoothly.” Werum-Wang added. “Whether some online events should be kept in the future is still ____10____
discussion.
1.___________2. ____________3. ____________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________
6.___________7. ____________8. ____________ 9. ___________ 10. ___________
答案:
where (定语从句中缺少地点状语,所以用where引导。)
Designed (design与逻辑主语this year’s program是动宾关系,所以用过去分词。)
to adapt (此处用不定式表目的状语,表示“该课程已被简化以适应孩子在网上注意力持续时间和习惯。”)
fewer (根据句中表示转折的连词和后面的more可知,课程中涉及舞蹈和武术的活动比较少,但是与年轻人的实时视频聊天更多了。)
the (take the place of “代替,取代”)
access (get access to “使用过见到......的机会,权利”)
has been (由so far可知要用现在完成时)
complaint (no +名词 complain v. 抱怨 n. complaint )
simply (此处用副词修饰形容词grateful,simply在此处意为“简直,确实”)
under (under discussion “在讨论中”是固定搭配。)
(五)
China's poverty-relief achievements ____1____ (contribute) more than 70 percent to global poverty alleviation in the past four decades, a great achievement____2_____( acknowledge) by the United Nations and the World Bank.
China lifted 740 million people in rural areas out of poverty between 1978 ___3____ 2017, or about 19 million people each year, according to the National Bureau of Statistics. The country had another 30 million people to lift out of abject poverty, according to the figures.
In 2018, official data showed that 13.86 million people _____4______(lift) out of poverty. The government aims ____5_____(help) another 20 million people in the next two years, in order to get rid of poverty in the country.
No other country in the world has managed to improve the living conditions of so many people over such a relatively short period. The____6_____(grade) opening-up of the economy to external investments for export production provided vast numbers of jobs ___7____ people from rural villages
Beyond ____8_____(ease) poverty in rural areas, China has an ongoing parallel policy to build a moderately prosperous society by 2020, a crucial aspect of ____9____ is setting up a basic social security system. This has been done_____10______(progressive) since the 1980s.
1. ___________ 2. ___________ 3. ___________ 4. __________ 5. ____________
6. ___________ 7. ___________ 8. ___________ 9. ___________ 10. __________
答案:
has contribute (由in the past four decades可知用现在完成时。)
acknowledged (achievement 和acknowledge之间为动宾关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语,修饰achievement)
and (between...and... 在A 和B之间)
were lift (由in 2018可知用过去时,people和lift之间为动宾关系,所以用被动语态。)
to help (aim to do sth. 旨在做某事)
gradual (用形容词修饰名词the opening-up of the economy“经济的开放”)
for (provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物)
easing (介词后用动词ing的形式。)
which (定从中,先行词指物,介词后用which)
progressively (用副词修饰动词has been done)
(六)
The adobe dwellings____1___(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even ____2 most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty,what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ____3___(able) to “air condition”a house without ____4 _(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat ____5____(slow)during cool nights,thus warming the house.When a new day breaks,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough ____6____ (cool) the house during the hot day:____7_____ the same time,they warm up again for the night.This cycle ____8 _ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures. As_____9____(nature) architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly_____10_____thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
1. ___________ 2. ___________ 3. ___________ 4. __________ 5. ____________
6. ___________ 7. ___________ 8. ___________ 9. ___________ 10. __________
答案:
built (由后文可知,are admired做谓语,此处应用非谓语的修饰)
the (the+最高级)
ability (their 后用名词形式)
using (介词后用动词-ing形式)
slowly (用副词修饰动词give out)
to cool (enough to do sth. 足够做某事)
At (at the same time 同时)
goes (这个循环日复一日,所以用一般现在时。)
natural (用形容词修饰architect建筑师)
how (此处为宾语从句,后面thick是形容词,所以用how引导宾从。)
(七)
(2021全国卷)Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles' song " The Long and Winding Road". ___ 1___ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ____2____ (human) are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ___3____ (undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the _____4____ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn't it But that's how nature is — always leaving us ____5_____ (astonish).
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it _____6____ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ____7____ offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ____8____ (ache) legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in ____9_____ (I). While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is ___10____ must to visit!
1.___________2. ____________3. ____________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________
6.___________7. ____________8. ____________ 9. ___________ 10. ___________
答案:
What (此句中is是整句动词,空格处所在句子是主语从句,从句中缺少主语,故填What.)
humans (humans作we的同位语,用名词复数humans,意为“我们人类”。)
undoubtedly (用副词来修饰动词help)
the colder (the+比较级,the+比较级”结构,意为“越……,越……”)
astonished (leave sb. + adj. “让……处于……状态”,用-ed形容词形容人。)
was (then在那时,所以用过去式。)
and (这是个并列句,此句意为“但它仍然是整个冒险之旅的亮点所在,并给你提供了一个可坐之处,让你可以在此休息一下疼痛的双腿。”,两句之间是顺承关系,故填and。)
aching (空格前有形容词性物主代词your,后有名词legs,说明此处只能填形容词,故填aching,意为“疼痛的”。)
mine (上文说“它将永远留在游客的记忆中。”此句意为“它也将永远留在我的记忆中”。
a (a must表示“一件必须必要的事情”)
(八)
(2020全国卷1)China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess ____1 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon's far side is 2 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 4 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so _____5 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e-4 _____6 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. " This really excites scientists, "Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, " because it 7 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon _____8 (construct) . ”Data about the moon's composition,such as how ____9 ice and other treasures it contains,could help China decide whether 10 (it) plans for a future lunar base are practical.
1.___________2. ____________3. ____________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________
6.___________7. ____________8. ____________ 9. ___________ 10. ___________
答案:
1. touched (句意:无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语,根据last week可知应使用一般过去时。)
2. extremely (句意:登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。用副词修饰形容词challenging)3.where (句意:中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点,人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知,空处引导一个定语从句,先行词是a spot,关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用where引导。)
4. interest (句意:月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知,空处应填名词,be of interest to sb. = be interested 意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。)
5. than (句意:因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so可知,此处填介词than,表示“比……更”。)
6. to find (句意:中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的,应使用不定式作目的状语。)
7. means (句意:“这真的使科学家们激动,”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说:“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知,此处也使用一般现在时,主语是it,所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means)
8. is constructed (句意同上。分析句子可知,此处是宾语从句谓语动词,谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态,再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时,主语the moon是单数,所以用is constructed。)
9. much (句意:关于月亮构成的数据,比如它含有多少水和其他财富,可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词,应使用much修饰,故填much。)
10. its (句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知,此处应使用形容词性物主代词its)
(九)
(2020全国卷2)
Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a 1 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 2 (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 3 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more 4 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times 5 (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. 6 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 7 health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 8 (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 9 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 10 first to flower even as the snow is melting (融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
1.___________2. ____________3. ____________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________
6.___________7. ____________8. ____________ 9. ___________ 10. ___________
答案:
celebration (句意:中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a后接名词形式。)
carries (句意:这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个表语从句,从句主语为动名词短语decorating with plants,fruits and flowers,所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填carries。)
coming (句意:它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent,所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作后置定语。)
than (句意:桔子树不仅仅是装饰品;more than不仅仅,不只是。)
decorated (句意:它们是很好的礼物,你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees,与decorate之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。)
Certainly (句意:当然在假期期间,这种植物是绝对必要的事物。)
with (句意:竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with与……相联系。)
to care (句意:它们很容易照顾,也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。)
beautiful (句意:美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾,做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches,用形容词形式。)
the (句意:雪还在融化时,梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指,所以序数词first前要加定冠词the。)
(十)
(2020全国卷3)In ancient China lived an artist. 1 paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 2 (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would 3 (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River—perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with 4 (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 5 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的) artist, they smiled and 6 (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 7 (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, 68 (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled(谦卑) by the greatest artist 70 earth, Mother Nature.
1.___________2. ____________3. ____________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________
6.___________7. ____________8. ____________ 9. ___________ 10. ___________
答案:
whose (句意:古时候我国有一位画家,他的画栩栩如生。此处为定语从句,先行词为artist,定从主语为paintings, 构成所属关系。)
finest (句意:国王想画张自画像,所以召见了五湖四海的最伟大的画家觐见,呈上他们最好的作品。)
be chosen (句意:这位声名远播的画家相信自己必将选中。此处choose做谓语,且为被动关系。)
curiosity (句意:心中满是好奇,这位画家还是收拾行囊出发了。介词with后使用名词形式。)
When/As (句意:当他向河岸的村民打听哪里才能找到最传奇的画家,村民们指了指河岸下面的漓江。用when/As引导时间状语从句,表示“当......时”。)
pointed (句意同上。空格处与smiled构成并列谓语,所以用一般过去时。)
to find (句意:第二天清早他雇了艘小船,出发去寻找那个“出名的”画家。 set out to do sth. 开始做某事。)
gently (句意:当小船移动时,轻轻划过江水。此处用副词修饰动词moved。)
surrounding (句意:看到江面上薄雾袅袅,山顶云雾环绕,整个人潸然泪下。)
on (句意:这位画家最终在世上最伟大的画家——大自然——面前显得相形见绌,从此虚怀如谷。on earth 世上)