人教版（2019） 必修 第二册 Unit 3 The internet 课件+学案（10份打包）

(共41张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
听说培养·重在基础
[发音技巧]
重读规律 举例说明
双音节词的重读一般落在第一个音节上 如sister['s st r] brother ['br r]
三个音节以上的多音节词一般是倒数第三个音节重读 如secretary ['sekr tri] passenger ['p s nd r] recognize['rek ɡna z]
含有前缀a-、ac-、ad-、af-、al-、ap-、ar-、as-、de-、dis-、ex-、em-、es-、in-、im-、sub-、un-、trans-等的双音节词(多是动词)，一般重读音落在第二个音节上 如 again [ 'ɡen] advice [ d'va s]escape [ 'ske p]
含有前缀的三音节词，重音通常落在词根上，不落在前缀上 如accomplish [ 'kɑ mpl ] discover [d 'sk v r]develop [d 'vel p]
重读规律 举例说明
含有词尾-ain、-ee、-eer、-esce、-ique、-oon的词，重音落在最后一个音节 如entertain [ent 'te n] agree [ 'ɡri ]
含有词尾-al、-el、-er、-or、-ful、-ish、-tive、-ture的单词，通常重音落在第一个音节上 如metal ['metl] model ['m dl] teacher ['ti t (r)]
含有词尾-ial、-ian、-ic、-ics、-eous、-ious、-ion、-ish、-it、-ual、-uous的单词，一般重音落在倒数第二个音节上 如 industrial [ n'd stri l] technician [tek'n n]
[即学即练]
1．听录音，找出以下句子中的重读词汇。
①The streets are wide and clean.
___________________________________________________________
②I am so glad to see you again.
___________________________________________________________
2．写出下列句子中重读的虚词。
①We saw him playing by the river(　　　)
②On my way to school, my bike was broken(　　　)
③I'm sorry I can't do that(　　　)
④Didn't I tell you yesterday？(　　　)
⑤—Are you a student？—Yes, I am(　　　)
streets　wide　clean
so　glad　see　again
by
On
can't
Didn't
am
3．试比较以下两句中boys是否重读。
—How many boys are there in the room
—There are twenty boys in it.
答案：问句中的boys要重读，但答语中的boys不重读。
[技法指导]
人们在谈话、演说时都会有一个中心、主题，否则，谈话或演说就会成为胡言乱语，失去了所要表达的意义。主题、中心与事实、细节是相辅相成的。抓住了主题、中心，有助于对事实或细节的把握；反过来，抓住了事实或细节，又有利于对中心、主题的归纳。因此，考生必须具备归纳演绎的能力。
一般来说，对话或独白与短文一样，虽然比较自由、简洁，但都会有一个主题句。根据主题句这一线索来对听力材料进行整体理解，可以进一步准确理解说话者的目的、意图。同时，根据主题句这一线索能更快、更准确地理解对话或独白的主旨。
有时，主题句位于对话或独白的开头，后面的话都是用来说明前面这一主题的细节或事实；有时，主题句又位于对话或独白的结尾，对前面的事实或细节进行归纳总结。
因此，要特别注意听对话或独白的开头和结尾。
[典例]　What does the writer mainly tell us in the passage
A．Something about Reuters.
B．An important tool of the British government.
C．The principal news agency in every country.
[听力原文]
Reuters is one of the four major news agencies in the West. It employs 10,355 full-time staff in 79 countries and it has about 13,000 staff journalists and photographers. The major news agency in every country in the world belongs to Reuters. It is an important tool of the British government, though it is said to be a private or independent enterprise which issues seven-hundred-thousand word comprehensive news reports every day.
[分析]　显然，独白的第一句“Reuters is one of the four major news agencies in the West.”为主题句，是短文的主旨；后面所讲到的雇用多少职员，在多少国家有多少记者和摄影师，世界各国的主要新闻机构都是路透社的分社，是英国政府重要的工具等都是在介绍路透社的情况。因此，通过归纳演绎可知答案选A。
[对点演练]
听下面一段材料，回答第(1)至(3)题。
(1)What is the man doing
A．Chairing a meeting.
B．Hosting a radio program.
C．Conducting a job interview.
B
(2)What benefits Mary most in her job
A．Her wide reading.
B．Her leaders' guidance.
C．Her friends' help.
(3)Who will Mary talk about next
A．Her teacher.
B．Her father.
C．Her mother.
A
C
知识探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1.chat vi. & n．聊天；闲聊　过去式：chatted　过去分词：chatted　现在分词：chatting　第三人称单数：chats
(教材P26)chat online在网上聊天
chat with/to sb. 与某人聊天
chat about... 闲聊……
have a chat with sb. (about sth.) 与某人闲聊(某事)
chat about the affair/weather 闲聊事情/天气
She chatted happily with her friend all the way.她和她的朋友愉快地聊了一路。
What were you chatting about？你们聊了些什么？
Mr. Smith had a chat with me about the championship.史密斯先生和我谈了关于冠军的事。
It's a chance to chat online with admissions officers, students, and college counselors, and it won't cost you a penny！这是一个与招生部主任、学生和大学辅导员在线聊的机会，而且不会花你一分钱！(cost sb. some money花费某人一些钱，主语是物)
联想拓展：
enjoy a chat喜欢聊天
have a chat with sb. about sth.与某人闲谈某事
a friendly/pleasant chat友好/愉快的交谈
a chat show访谈节目
a chat about/over sth.聊某事
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①They sat waiting, chatting ________ nothing in particular.
②He chatted ________ his friend about the charity concert which was to be held the next week.
③I especially like to ________________ (与……闲聊) my friends and family.
about
with/to
have a chat with
2.look up查找，查阅
(教材P27)I listen to music, stream videos, or look up information. And you？我听音乐，流视频或查找信息。你呢？
look up something on the Internet 在网上查一些东西
look up the new word in the dictionary 在词典中查一下这个生词
Don't get depressed about it. Things are looking up for us.
不要为此沮丧，事态正变得对我们越来越有利。
I looked up the new word in the dictionary.我在这本字典里查了这个生词。
I refer to a dictionary.我查字典。
联想拓展：
look up一词多义：向上看；(形势、生意)好转
look up from his book从他的书上抬起头来
look up to尊敬；钦佩
用法点津：
look up＋具体内容(单词、短语、资料、信息等)
refer to＋工具
即学即练　完成句子
①一旦我在互联网上查找了一些东西，我就不需要保存所有的细节以备将来使用……
Once I _______ something _____ the Internet, I don't need to keep all the details for future use...
②特里，奶奶跟你说话的时候，请抬起头来，别看手机了。
Terry, please ________ from your cell phone when Grandma is talking to you.
③他坐在那里，只是抬头看着我身后墙上孩子们的画。
He sat there, only __________ look at the children's drawings on the wall behind me.
④Everybody looks _______ (尊敬) him because he is a great leader.
⑤He was using the search engine to _______ (查找) information.
look up
on
look up
up to
look up
looking up to
3.by the way顺便说一下，顺便问一下
(教材P27)By the way, what's your favourite app？顺便问一下，你最喜欢的软件是什么？
in this way 用这种方式；这样
in a/one way 从某种意义上讲
in no way 绝不(放于句首，句子要用部分倒装)
名师点津：
in the way挡道
on the way在路上
in表示“在道路里面”，in the way引申为“挡道”；on表示“在道路上面”，on the way无引申义
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空
①顺便说一下，如果你需要任何别的种类的书，请一定要告诉我。
_____________， if you need any other kind of books, please do tell me.
②多年来，简的奶奶一直想写一本儿童读物，但总是(因为)不是这事就是那事耽搁了。
Jane's grandmother had wanted to write a children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got ______________ the way.
Cultural identity
hide his identity
4.identity n．身份；个性　identity card身份证　identify vt.识别，认出
cultural identity 文化身份，文化认同
social identity 社会身份，社会认同
find out/discover one's identity 查明某人的身份
联想拓展：
hide one's identity隐瞒某人的身份
give away one's identity泄露某人的身份
personal identity个性
即学即练　完成句子
①文化认同是指一个人对某一特定文化或群体的归属感。
__________ refers to one's sense of belonging to a particular culture or group.
②当他去执行这项秘密任务时，他给自己取了一个新的名字来隐藏自己的身份。
He gave himself a new name to _________ when he went to carry out the secret task.
took turns
by turns
第二版块|典型句式
1.take turns to do sth.＝take turns (in) doing sth.轮流做某事
in turns 依次地，轮流地；相应地，转而
take a turn for the worse/better (情况)恶化/好转
(教材P27)Take turns to ask each other about your online habits.轮流询问对方的上网习惯。
经典例句：The idea is that white coats are associated with scientists, who are in turn thought to have close attention to detail.
这一观点认为，白大褂总是和科学家联系起来，而科学家又被认为对细节非常关注。
即学即练　完成句子
①他得流感时，我们轮流照顾他。
We _______ to look after him when he had the flu.
②天气阴晴不定。
The weather was cloudy and sunny _______.
③He spoke to each of the guests ________ (依次)．
④We took turns driving the car.＝We drove the car ________.＝We took turns _______ the car.
⑤It is my turn _______the car today.
in turn
by turns
in turn
by turns
to drive
to drive
2.It/That (all) depends.看情况而定。
(教材P27)It depends.视情况而定。
depend on 依靠，依赖；取决于(条件、情况等)
depend on sb. to do sth./doing sth./for sth. 指望某人(做)某事
depend on it 请放心(常用于句首或句末)
depend on it that... 相信……
depend on how/what/whether-clause 取决于……
相关词语联想：
rely on依靠
count on依靠
be dependent on依靠
be independent of不依靠
bank on指望，依赖
rest on依赖
词语积累：
dependent adj.依赖的，依靠的
dependence n．依赖，依靠
independent adj.独立的
independence n．独立
Whether we can go for a picnic depends on the weather.
我们能否去野餐取决于天气。
He knew he could basically depend on her to deal with the situation.
他知道他基本上可以依靠她来处理这种局面。
Does the quality of teaching depend on teachers motivating students' interest
教学质量取决于教师对学生兴趣的激发吗？
Whether we need more food depends on how many people turn up.
我们是否需要更多的食物，这要视到场人数而定。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill ________ which school education depends.
②Children as young as ten are becoming ________ (depend) on social media for their sense of self-worth, a major study warned.
③Ocean colour varies from green to blue, ________ (depend) on the type and concentration of phytoplankton (浮游植物)．
④—Are you going to Tom's birthday party
—_________ (视情况而定吧). I might have to work.
⑤How much sleep you need _____________ (很大程度上取决于) your age.
on/upon
dependent
depending
It depends
depends a lot on
3．too...to...太……而不能……(表示否定意义)
(教材P27)Sometimes I'm too busy to go online.有时我太忙了，不能上网。
[句式分析]　
(1)too...to...结构表示“太……而不能……”之意，有时可与not...enough to...或so...that...相互转换。
He was too weak to walk.
＝He was not strong enough to walk.
＝He was so weak that he could not walk.
他身体太弱了，不能走路。
(2)当句子主语不是不定式的逻辑主语时，可在不定式前加上for sb.引出逻辑主语。
The box was too heavy for me to lift.箱子太重，我提不起来。
It's never too late to learn.活到老学到老。
I'm only too delighted to accept your invitation.我非常高兴接受你的邀请。
She is too anxious to leave.她急于离开。
词语积累：
dependent adj.依赖的，依靠的
dependence n．依赖，依靠
independent adj.独立的
independence n．独立
知识拓展：
too...to...结构在下列情况下表示肯定意义：
①too...to...结构中含有not, never等否定词时。
②too之前有only, simply, just等词时。
③当too后的形容词表示心理状态或是描述性形容词时，如anxious, eager, glad, pleased, easy, kind等。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①She was too upset ________ (spend) much time at the real museum.
②It's ________ too careful in driving the car.
③我讨厌工作时她给我打电话——我总是太忙，没时间和她交谈。
I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always __________ carry on a conversation with her.
④……并且为一次健康和有意义的大学经历做必要的准备永远不会太早。
...and it's _______________ make necessary preparations for a healthy and meaningful college experience.
to spend
never
too busy to
never too early to
课时达标·随堂自测
·基础知识自测·
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It's essential for our ________ (身份) cards' information put into the nation's police database.
2．When you don't have any cash on you, it's ____________ (方便的) to pay online.
3．His database and file are ________ (更新) once a week.
4．More generally, the apps on the Internet ________ (运转) as if they were my memory.
identity
convenient
updated
function
5．My friend John is a well-known blogger who often writes blog posts on his ________ (博客)．
6．He likes to use a search ________ (引擎) to find information or chat online on the Internet.
7．Many bloggers spend hours ________ (聊天) on the blog with their friends.
8．I ________ (流播) videos and music. That's to say, I use network to watch videos and listen to music.
blog
engine
chatting
stream
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．I never share the things on the blog that should be only _______ (my)．
2．________ (surf) the Internet has brought him great benefits.
3．Anna has spent too much time ________ (write) her blogs.
4．Many bloggers use blog to stream their products ________ convenience.
5．I will write a blog post about online ________ (safe)．
6．When ________ (chat) with others online, Bob uses different identities and avatars.
7．The engineer knows that the engine of a car is quite different from the ________ (search) engine used on the Internet.
8．A ________ (blog) is a person who is good at writing blog posts on his blog.
mine
Surfing
writing
for
safety
chatting
search
blogger
Ⅲ.短语填空
blog post， search engine， identity card， have a chat with， it depends， take turns， pay attention to， do a survey， as...as possible， in the distance
1．An __________ is a card with a person's name, which much be used in an account.
2．Sam is _____________ on online habits. He finds that, on average, each person spends three hours online every day.
3．In the headline of a blog, a good blogger uses ________ few words ____________ to catch the attention of the readers.
4．By using a tracker (跟踪器), you can keep track of the person _____________.
identity card
doing a survey
as
as possible
in the distance
5．I especially like to ________________ my friends and family. By the way, what's your favourite app
6．—I listen to music, stream videos, or look up information. How about you
—__________.
7．Jack often writes _________ on his blog.
8．A ___________ is a computer program that helps you find what you're searching for on the Internet.
9．_________ to ask each other about your blogs.
10．When we use a search engine to find information, we should ____________ protecting our personal identity.
have a chat with
It depends　
blog posts
search engine
Take turns
pay attention toUnit 3 The Internet
先 知
核 心 单 词 重 点 短 语 单 元 语 法 单 元 写 作
blog; engine; chat; stream; convenient; cash; update; database; software; network; benefit; distance; inspire; access; charity; tough; province; conference; resident; plus; function; battery; confirm; press; button; file; discount; account; click; rude; target; particular; upset; guideline; author; tip; familiar; case blog post; search engine; identity card; keep pany; now that; go through; in shape; keep track of; make fun of; keep (...) in mind 现在完成时的被动语态 网络博客
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
[发音技巧]
重读规律 举例说明
双音节词的重读一般落在第一个音节上 如sister['s st r] brother ['br r]
三个音节以上的多音节词一般是倒数第三个音节重读 如secretary ['sekr tri] passenger ['p s nd r] recognize['rek ɡna z]
含有前缀a-、ac-、ad-、af-、al-、ap-、ar-、as-、de-、dis-、ex-、em-、es-、in-、im-、sub-、un-、trans-等的双音节词(多是动词)，一般重读音落在第二个音节上 如 again [ 'ɡen] advice [ d'va s]escape [ 'ske p]
含有前缀的三音节词，重音通常落在词根上，不落在前缀上 如accomplish [ 'kɑ mpl ] discover [d 'sk v r]develop [d 'vel p]
含有词尾-ain、-ee、-eer、-esce、-ique、-oon的词，重音落在最后一个音节 如entertain [ent 'te n] agree [ 'ɡri ]
含有词尾-al、-el、-er、-or、-ful、-ish、-tive、-ture的单词，通常重音落在第一个音节上 如metal ['metl] model ['m dl] teacher ['ti t (r)]
含有词尾-ial、-ian、-ic、-ics、-eous、-ious、-ion、-ish、-it、-ual、-uous的单词，一般重音落在倒数第二个音节上 如 industrial [ n'd stri l] technician [tek'n n]
[即学即练]
1．听录音，找出以下句子中的重读词汇。
①The streets are wide and clean.
________________________________________________________________________
②I am so glad to see you again.
________________________________________________________________________
2．写出下列句子中重读的虚词。
①We saw him playing by the river.(　　　　　　)
②On my way to school, my bike was broken.(　　　　　　)
③I'm sorry I can't do that.(　　　　　　)
④Didn't I tell you yesterday？(　　　　　　)
⑤—Are you a student？—Yes, I am.(　　　　　　)
3．试比较以下两句中boys是否重读。
—How many boys are there in the room
—There are twenty boys in it.
[技法指导]
人们在谈话、演说时都会有一个中心、主题，否则，谈话或演说就会成为胡言乱语，失去了所要表达的意义。主题、中心与事实、细节是相辅相成的。抓住了主题、中心，有助于对事实或细节的把握；反过来，抓住了事实或细节，又有利于对中心、主题的归纳。因此，考生必须具备归纳演绎的能力。
一般来说，对话或独白与短文一样，虽然比较自由、简洁，但都会有一个主题句。根据主题句这一线索来对听力材料进行整体理解，可以进一步准确理解说话者的目的、意图。同时，根据主题句这一线索能更快、更准确地理解对话或独白的主旨。
有时，主题句位于对话或独白的开头，后面的话都是用来说明前面这一主题的细节或事实；有时，主题句又位于对话或独白的结尾，对前面的事实或细节进行归纳总结。因此，要特别注意听对话或独白的开头和结尾。
[典例]　What does the writer mainly tell us in the passage
A．Something about Reuters.
B．An important tool of the British government.
C．The principal news agency in every country.
[听力原文]
Reuters is one of the four major news agencies in the West. It employs 10,355 full-time staff in 79 countries and it has about 13,000 staff journalists and photographers. The major news agency in every country in the world belongs to Reuters. It is an important tool of the British government, though it is said to be a private or independent enterprise which issues seven-hundred-thousand word comprehensive news reports every day.
[分析]　显然，独白的第一句“Reuters is one of the four major news agencies in the West.”为主题句，是短文的主旨；后面所讲到的雇用多少职员，在多少国家有多少记者和摄影师，世界各国的主要新闻机构都是路透社的分社，是英国政府重要的工具等都是在介绍路透社的情况。因此，通过归纳演绎可知答案选A。
[对点演练]
听下面一段材料，回答第(1)至(3)题。
(1)What is the man doing
A．Chairing a meeting.
B．Hosting a radio program.
C．Conducting a job interview.
(2)What benefits Mary most in her job
A．Her wide reading.
B．Her leaders' guidance.
C．Her friends' help.
(3)Who will Mary talk about next
A．Her teacher.
B．Her father.
C．Her mother.
第一版块|核心单词
1.chat vi. & n．聊天；闲聊　过去式：chatted　过去分词：chatted　现在分词：chatting　第三人称单数：chats
(教材P26)chat online在网上聊天
chat with/to sb. 与某人聊天
chat about... 闲聊……
have a chat with sb. (about sth.) 与某人闲聊(某事)
chat about the affair/weather 闲聊事情/天气
联想拓展：
enjoy a chat喜欢聊天
have a chat with sb. about sth.与某人闲谈某事
a friendly/pleasant chat友好/愉快的交谈
a chat show访谈节目
a chat about/over sth.聊某事
She chatted happily with her friend all the way.她和她的朋友愉快地聊了一路。
What were you chatting about？你们聊了些什么？
Mr. Smith had a chat with me about the championship.史密斯先生和我谈了关于冠军的事。
It's a chance to chat online with admissions officers, students, and college counselors, and it won't cost you a penny！这是一个与招生部主任、学生和大学辅导员在线聊的机会，而且不会花你一分钱！(cost sb. some money花费某人一些钱，主语是物)
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①They sat waiting, chatting ________ nothing in particular.
②He chatted ________ his friend about the charity concert which was to be held the next week.
③I especially like to ____________________________ (与……闲聊) my friends and family.
2.look up查找，查阅
(教材P27)I listen to music, stream videos, or look up information. And you？我听音乐，流视频或查找信息。你呢？
look up something on the Internet 在网上查一些东西
look up the new word in the dictionary 在词典中查一下这个生词
联想拓展：
look up一词多义：向上看；(形势、生意)好转
look up from his book从他的书上抬起头来
look up to尊敬；钦佩
Don't get depressed about it. Things are looking up for us.
不要为此沮丧，事态正变得对我们越来越有利。
I looked up the new word in the dictionary.我在这本字典里查了这个生词。
I refer to a dictionary.我查字典。
用法点津：
look up＋具体内容(单词、短语、资料、信息等)
refer to＋工具
即学即练　完成句子
①一旦我在互联网上查找了一些东西，我就不需要保存所有的细节以备将来使用……
Once I ________________ something ________ the Internet, I don't need to keep all the details for future use...
②特里，奶奶跟你说话的时候，请抬起头来，别看手机了。
Terry, please ________________ from your cell phone when Grandma is talking to you.
③他坐在那里，只是抬头看着我身后墙上孩子们的画。
He sat there, only ________________ look at the children's drawings on the wall behind me.
④Everybody looks ________________ (尊敬) him because he is a great leader.
⑤He was using the search engine to ________________ (查找) information.
3.by the way顺便说一下，顺便问一下
(教材P27)By the way, what's your favourite app？顺便问一下，你最喜欢的软件是什么？
in this way 用这种方式；这样
in a/one way 从某种意义上讲
in no way 绝不(放于句首，句子要用部分倒装)
名师点津：
in the way挡道
on the way在路上
in表示“在道路里面”，in the way引申为“挡道”；on表示“在道路上面”，on the way无引申义
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空
①顺便说一下，如果你需要任何别的种类的书，请一定要告诉我。
________________________， if you need any other kind of books, please do tell me.
②多年来，简的奶奶一直想写一本儿童读物，但总是(因为)不是这事就是那事耽搁了。
Jane's grandmother had wanted to write a children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got ________ the way.
4.identity n．身份；个性　identity card身份证　identify vt.识别，认出
cultural identity 文化身份，文化认同
social identity 社会身份，社会认同
find out/discover one's identity 查明某人的身份
联想拓展：
hide one's identity隐瞒某人的身份
give away one's identity泄露某人的身份
personal identity个性
即学即练　完成句子
①文化认同是指一个人对某一特定文化或群体的归属感。
________________ refers to one's sense of belonging to a particular culture or group.
②当他去执行这项秘密任务时，他给自己取了一个新的名字来隐藏自己的身份。
He gave himself a new name to ________________ when he went to carry out the secret task.
第二版块|典型句式
1.take turns to do sth.＝take turns (in) doing sth.轮流做某事
in turns 依次地，轮流地；相应地，转而
take a turn for the worse/better (情况)恶化/好转
(教材P27)Take turns to ask each other about your online habits.轮流询问对方的上网习惯。
经典例句：The idea is that white coats are associated with scientists, who are in turn thought to have close attention to detail.
这一观点认为，白大褂总是和科学家联系起来，而科学家又被认为对细节非常关注。
即学即练　完成句子
①他得流感时，我们轮流照顾他。
We ________________ to look after him when he had the flu.
②天气阴晴不定。
The weather was cloudy and sunny ________________.
③He spoke to each of the guests ________________ (依次)．
④We took turns driving the car.＝We drove the car ________________.＝We took turns ________________ the car.
⑤It is my turn ________________ the car today.
2.It/That (all) depends.看情况而定。
(教材P27)It depends.视情况而定。
depend on 依靠，依赖；取决于(条件、情况等)
depend on sb. to do sth./doing sth./for sth. 指望某人(做)某事
depend on it 请放心(常用于句首或句末)
depend on it that... 相信……
depend on how/what/whether-clause 取决于……
相关词语联想：
rely on依靠
count on依靠
be dependent on依靠
be independent of不依靠
bank on指望，依赖
rest on依赖
Whether we can go for a picnic depends on the weather.
我们能否去野餐取决于天气。
He knew he could basically depend on her to deal with the situation.
他知道他基本上可以依靠她来处理这种局面。
Does the quality of teaching depend on teachers motivating students' interest
教学质量取决于教师对学生兴趣的激发吗？
Whether we need more food depends on how many people turn up.
我们是否需要更多的食物，这要视到场人数而定。
词语积累：
dependent adj.依赖的，依靠的
dependence n．依赖，依靠
independent adj.独立的
independence n．独立
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill ________ which school education depends.
②Children as young as ten are becoming ________ (depend) on social media for their sense of self-worth, a major study warned.
③Ocean colour varies from green to blue, ________ (depend) on the type and concentration of phytoplankton (浮游植物)．
④—Are you going to Tom's birthday party
—__________________________ (视情况而定吧). I might have to work.
⑤How much sleep you need ________________________ (很大程度上取决于) your age.
3．too...to...太……而不能……(表示否定意义)
(教材P27)Sometimes I'm too busy to go online.有时我太忙了，不能上网。
[句式分析]　
(1)too...to...结构表示“太……而不能……”之意，有时可与not...enough to...或so...that...相互转换。
He was too weak to walk.
＝He was not strong enough to walk.
＝He was so weak that he could not walk.
他身体太弱了，不能走路。
(2)当句子主语不是不定式的逻辑主语时，可在不定式前加上for sb.引出逻辑主语。
The box was too heavy for me to lift.箱子太重，我提不起来。
It's never too late to learn.活到老学到老。
I'm only too delighted to accept your invitation.我非常高兴接受你的邀请。
She is too anxious to leave.她急于离开。
词语积累：
dependent adj.依赖的，依靠的
dependence n．依赖，依靠
independent adj.独立的
independence n．独立
知识拓展：
too...to...结构在下列情况下表示肯定意义：
①too...to...结构中含有not, never等否定词时。
②too之前有only, simply, just等词时。
③当too后的形容词表示心理状态或是描述性形容词时，如anxious, eager, glad, pleased, easy, kind等。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①She was too upset ________ (spend) much time at the real museum.
②It's ________ too careful in driving the car.
③我讨厌工作时她给我打电话——我总是太忙，没时间和她交谈。
I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always ________________ carry on a conversation with her.
④……并且为一次健康和有意义的大学经历做必要的准备永远不会太早。
...and it's ________________ make necessary preparations for a healthy and meaningful college experience.
·基础知识自测·
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It's essential for our ________ (身份) cards' information put into the nation's police database.
2．When you don't have any cash on you, it's ________ (方便的) to pay online.
3．His database and file are ________ (更新) once a week.
4．More generally, the apps on the Internet ________ (运转) as if they were my memory.
5．My friend John is a well-known blogger who often writes blog posts on his ________ (博客)．
6．He likes to use a search ________ (引擎) to find information or chat online on the Internet.
7．Many bloggers spend hours ________ (聊天) on the blog with their friends.
8．I ________ (流播) videos and music. That's to say, I use network to watch videos and listen to music.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．I never share the things on the blog that should be only ________ (my)．
2．________ (surf) the Internet has brought him great benefits.
3．Anna has spent too much time ________ (write) her blogs.
4．Many bloggers use blog to stream their products ________ convenience.
5．I will write a blog post about online ________ (safe)．
6．When ________ (chat) with others online, Bob uses different identities and avatars.
7．The engineer knows that the engine of a car is quite different from the ________ (search) engine used on the Internet.
8．A ________ (blog) is a person who is good at writing blog posts on his blog.
Ⅲ.短语填空
blog post， search engine， identity card， have a chat with， it depends， take turns， pay attention to， do a survey， as...as possible， in the distance
1．An ________________ is a card with a person's name, which much be used in an account.
2．Sam is ________________ on online habits. He finds that, on average, each person spends three hours online every day.
3．In the headline of a blog, a good blogger uses ________ few words ____________ to catch the attention of the readers.
4．By using a tracker (跟踪器), you can keep track of the person ________________.
5．I especially like to ________________ my friends and family. By the way, what's your favourite app
6．—I listen to music, stream videos, or look up information. How about you
—________________.
7．Jack often writes ________________ on his blog.
8．A ________________ is a computer program that helps you find what you're searching for on the Internet.
9．________________ to ask each other about your blogs.
10．When we use a search engine to find information, we should ________________ protecting our personal identity.
Unit 3　The Internet
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
听说培养·重在基础
[即学即练]
Ⅰ.
1．①streets　wide　clean　②so　glad　see　again
听力原文：
①The streets are wide and clean.
②I am so glad to see you again.
2．①by　②On　③can't　④Didn't　⑤am
听力原文：
①We saw him playing by the river.
②On my way to school, my bike was broken.
③I'm sorry I can't do that.
④Didn't I tell you yesterday
⑤—Are you a student？—Yes, I am.
3．问句中的boys要重读，但答语中的boys不重读。
听力原文：
—How many boys are there in the room
—There are twenty boys in it.
Ⅱ.
(1)B　(2)A　(3)C
听力原文：
M：Dear listeners, for today's show, I have with me, my colleague, Mary Lenny. She has been a radio and TV reporter for many years. Mary, welcome to our show!
W：It's a pleasure to be here.
M：Would you please tell our listeners who most influenced your decision to become a reporter
W：Both my parents had a great influence on my choice of work, instead of trying to pick out a job for me, they helped me learn those things that led me to it.
M：How did they do that
W：My father always told me that education was one of the greatest advantages I could have, one that would always stay with me. He used to tell me that readers were leaders, and encouraged me to read all I could. As a result, I've always kept up with the newspapers, faithfully read magazines and learned to really enjoy books, all of which have been a valuable help to me in radio and television reporting.
M：What about your mother
W：Well, my mother helped me in a much different way.
知识探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．①about　②with/to　③have a chat with
2．①look up　on　②look up　③looking up to　④up to　⑤look up
3．①By the way　②in
4．①Cultural identity　②hide his identity
第二版块|典型句式
1．①took turns　②by turns　③in turn　④by turns　to drive　
⑤to drive
2．①on/upon　②dependent　③depending　④It depends　⑤depends a lot on
3．①to spend　②never　③too busy to　④never too early to
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．identity　2.convenient　3.updated　4.function　5.blog　6.engine　7.chatting　8.stream
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．mine　2.Surfing　3.writing　4.for　5.safety　6.chatting　7.search
8．blogger
Ⅲ.短语填空
1．identity card　2.doing a survey　3.as　as possible　4.in the distance　5.have a chat with　6.It depends　7.blog posts　8.search engine　9.Take turns　10.pay attention to
13(共97张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
课文预习·解疑清障
[课文内容]
STRONGER TOGETHER：HOW WE HAVE BEEN CHANGEDBY THE INTERNET
Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles telling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient① 【1】. We no longer have to wait in line or carry cash② around when we go shopping. We can get the most updated③ information from large databases④. We can download software⑤， documents, and images whenever we need them. But the Internet has done much more for people than simply make life more convenient. People's lives have been changed by online communities and social networks⑥.
【1】句中的现在分词短语telling us how... more convenient作后置定语，修饰countless articles。
Jan Tchamani, an English teacher in Birmingham, UK, suddenly developed⑦ a serious illness and had to quit her job. At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck⑧ at home with only her computer to keep her company⑨【2】. After a while, she discovered that surfing the Internet could help her feel less lonely and bored. She could listen to music, watch films, play games, and explore the world. She also joined an online group where she could talk about her problems and get support and advice from others. She realised that one of the greatest benefits of the Internet was its ability to remove the distance that usually exists between people.【3】
【2】found herself... home为“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构，out of work和stuck at home作宾语补足语，说明herself的处境。with only... company为“with＋名词＋to do”结构，在句中作stuck的伴随状语。
【3】本句为复合句，realised后由that引导了一个宾语从句，宾语从句中one of the greatest benefits of the Internet是主语，its ability是表语，被不定式短语to remove the... people修饰，不定式短语中又包含了一个由that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the distance。
She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet. She and her friends now organise events and collect money to pay for private teachers. Many people have been helped by the club. A 59-year-old man learnt how to apply for work online and found a great job. Now that he works and can take care of himself 【4】， his daughter has time to study at university. A 61-year-old woman who was living alone has started a small online company together with two friends. She no longer feels lonely, and her company has become quite successful.
【4】此处为Now that引导的原因状语从句，now that意为“既然，由于”。
Jan has started taking online classes to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. She believes that it is highly important to bridge the digital divide and make sure that everyone has access to the Internet and knows how to use new technology. 【5】 Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money for children in poor countries.
【5】本句为复合句，believes后由that引导了一个宾语从句，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to bridge... technology，在作主语的不定式中又包含一个that引导的宾语从句。
Jan's life has been greatly improved by the Internet. “When you go through tough times, you meet others who are facing similar challenges，” Jan says. “Thinking about other people's situations inspired me to offer help.”
[词语积累]
①convenient/k n'vi ni nt/adj.方便的；近便的
②cash/k /n.[U]现金；金钱
cheque n．支票　credit card信用卡
cashless/'k l s/adj.不用现金的
③update/ p'de t/vt.更新；向……提供最新信息
④database/'de t be s/n.数据库；资料库
[英语释义]an organized set of data that is stored in a computer and can be looked at and used in various ways
database system数据库系统
⑤software/'s ftwe (r)/n.软件
application/system software应用/系统软件
install/run a piece of software安装/运行一个软件
hardware/'hɑ dwe (r)/n.硬件
⑥network/'netw (r)k/n.(互联)网络；网状系统；人际网 vt.将……连接成网络；联播 vi.建立工作关系
a network of friends朋友网
a rail/road network铁路/公路网
⑦develop v. [熟词生义]患(病)，(疾病)开始侵袭
⑧stuck/st k/adj.卡住；陷(入)；困(于)
⑨keep pany陪伴某人
company n．[U]陪伴，做伴
have... as company有……为伴
in company with sb.与某人一起
⑩benefit/'ben f t/n.益处
distance/'d st ns/n.距离
inspire/ n'spa (r)/vt.鼓舞；激励；启发思考
bridge [熟词生义]v.架起桥梁，消除(隔阂)
divide [熟词生义]n.差异；分歧
access/' kses/n.(使用的)机会或权利
have access to...拥有……的权利
charity/'t r ti/n.[U]慈善；[C]慈善机构(或组织)
a charity concert慈善音乐会
local charities当地慈善机构
go through经历；度过；通读
tough/t f/adj.艰难的；严厉的
have a tough time (of it)日子很难过
[文化采风]
网络课程是信息时代条件下新的课程表现形式，是通过互联网实现校外教学的一种方式。只要具备上网条件即可在任何时间、任何地点接入互联网，自主地选择学习内容。相对于面授教育而言，网络教育最大限度地突破了教育的时空限制，是师生分离、非面对面组织的教学活动，是一种跨学校、跨地区的教育体制和教学模式。网络化教育的迅速发展，在缩小地区之间的教育差别、扩大教育规模、提高教育质量等方面将起到重要的促进作用。
[课文释译]
在一起更强大：互联网是如何改变我们的
已经有很多关于万维网奇迹的文章了。无数的文章告诉我们互联网如何使我们的生活更加便利。购物时，我们不再需要排队等候或随身携带现金。我们可以从大数据库中获取最新的信息。我们可以随时下载需要的软件、文档和图像。但互联网所做的不仅仅是使人们的生活更加便捷。在线社区和社交网络也改变了人们的生活。
英国伯明翰的一名英语教师简·查玛尼突然得了一场重病，不得不辞掉工作。50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。一段时间后，她发现上网可以帮助自己感到不那么孤独和无聊。她可以听音乐、看电影、玩游戏、探索世界。她还加入了一个在线群组，在那里她谈论自己遇到的问题，并得到他人的支持和建议。她意识到互联网的最大好处之一就是能够消除通常存在于人和人之间的距离。
她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教一些年长的人们学习使用电脑和互联网。现在，她和她的朋友们组织一些活动，为(聘请)私人教师筹集资金。这个俱乐部已经帮助了许多人。一名59岁的男子学会了如何在网上申请工作，并找到了一份好工作。因为他有了工作并且可以照顾自己，他女儿就有时间上大学了。一位61岁的独居女性和两位朋友一起创办了一家小型互联网公司。她不再感到孤独，而且她的公司也相当成功。
简已经开始参加在线课程，更多地学习如何利用互联网使社会变得更好。她认为，消除数字鸿沟、确保每个人都能使用互联网并且知晓如何运用新技术，是非常重要的。她的下一个目标是建立一个慈善网站，为贫困国家的儿童筹集资金。互联网极大地改善了简的生活。“当你经历困境时，你会遇到其他面临类似挑战的人，”简说，“想到别人的处境，就激励我去帮助他们。”
语篇细研·教材精读
Ⅰ.课文结构图解
Ⅱ.阅读理解(根据课文内容选择正确答案)
1．What's the main idea of the passage
A．Jan developed a serious illness.
B．Jan decided to start an IT club.
C．Jan started a charity website.
D．Jan's life has been changed by the Internet.
2．Jan's attitude to the Internet is ________.
A．negative B．neutral
C．grateful D．not mentioned
D
C
3．What helped Jan remove her loneliness
A．The online group she joined.
B．The ability of the Internet to remove the distance between people.
C．The support and advice she got from others.
D．The people she met online.
4．What's the purpose of the author by referring to the 59-year-old man and the 61-year-old woman
A．To introduce two old people.
B．To explain how to apply for jobs online.
C．To prove they are successful.
D．To give two examples helped by Jan's club.
B
D
5．Which of the following words is similar to “bridge” in meaning in Para.4
A．Remove. B．Decorate.
C．Broaden. D．Increase.
A
知识探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1.convenient adj.方便的；近便的　convenience n．方便，便利
(教材P28)There are countless articles telling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient.讲述互联网如何使我们的生活变得更加方便的文章数不胜数。
(1)convenience n. 方便；便利
at one's convenience 在某人方便的时候
for convenience 为了方便起见
bring convenience to... 给……带来便利
for the convenience of sb. 为了方便某人
(2)convenient adj. 方便的；便利的
(做)某事对某人来说方便
(3)inconvenient adj. 不方便的
inconvenience n. 不方便
The man promised to work out the cost when it was convenient.
那人答应在方便的时候算出费用。
My secretary will call you to arrange a convenient time to meet.
我的秘书会给你打电话安排方便的时间见面。
Our new flat is very convenient for the stadium.我们的新公寓离体育场很近。
误区警示：
Sb. is convenient to do sth.(×)
It is convenient (for sb.) to do sth.(√)
convenient不能用人作主语，可用it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语。
[译]你如果方便的话，请在8点来。
[×]Please come at eight if you are convenient.
[√]Please come at eight if it is convenient for you.
以-ence结尾的名词转换为-ent结尾的形容词小结：
difference→different
innocence→innocent
importance→important
significance→singnificant
absence→absent
consequence→consequent
dependence→dependent
evidence→evident
patience→patient
silence→silent
violence→violent
distance→distant
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空
①Come and see me whenever ____________________ (对你来说方便的)．
②I keep my reference books near my desk _____________ (为了方便起见)．
③Come to my office ________________ (在你方便时)．
④Some aspects of a pilot's job can be boring, and pilots often have to work at __________ (convenient) hours.
⑤If it is quite convenient ________ you, I will visit you next Tuesday.
⑥In this seaside resort, you can enjoy all the comfort and ________ (convenient) of modern tourism.
⑦________ is convenient for you to take a plane because there is a regular bus to the airport.
it is convenient for you
for convenience
at your convenience
inconvenient
to/for
convenience
It
2.update vt.更新；向……提供最新信息　n．更新；最新消息
(教材P28)We can get the most updated information from large databases.我们可以从大型数据库中获得最新的信息。
(1)vt. 更新；向……提供最新信息
update sb. on sth. 向某人提供最新信息
update one's knowledge 更新某人的知识
update a software 更新软件
(2)n. 更新；最新消息
a news update 最新新闻报道
词语积累：
updated adj.更新的；现代化的
the updated version 最新版本
The TV updated a news story on the bad storm coming to our area.
电视就我们地区即将来临的暴风雨做了最新报道。
He didn't update his blogs because of illness, which is rare for him.
他因为生病了没有更新他的博客，这种事对他来说很不常见。
The baby was born and updated texts were coming in quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa.孩子出生后，欣喜若狂的祖母特蕾莎很快就发了最新短信。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I called the office to update them ________ the day's developments.
②It's important for the figures ________ (update) regularly.
③The customers have access to ________ (update) information.
④Teachers have to constantly _________________ (更新知识) in order to improve their level.
on
to update
updated
update their knowledge
3.cash n．现金；金钱
(教材P28)We no longer have to wait in line or carry cash around when we go shopping.当我们去购物时，不必排队等候或者随身带着现金。
in cash 用现金，有现钱
have cash on sb. 某人身上带着现金
be short of cash 缺钱
low on cash 现金不足
cash down 即付现款
You can click here and pay in WeChat instead of in cash.
你可以点击这里用微信支付，而不是用现金。
词义拓展：
cash v．将……兑现；支付现款
cash a cheque for sb. 给某人把支票兑现
cash in 兑现；从中牟利
cash in on sth. 从某事物中获得利益或利润
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空
①She bought some fruit and paid _______ (用现金)．
②支票或现金付款都可以的，这很方便的。
Payment can be made by cheque or _______， which is very convenient.
③商店趁一时缺货而提高价格从中牟利。
The shops are _________ on temporary shortages by raising prices.
④I never carry much cash ______ me.
⑤Wait a moment and I will cash the cheque ________ you right away.
in cash
in cash
cashing in
with
for
4.stuck adj.卡住；陷(入)；困(于)
(教材P28)At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep her company.50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。
get/be stuck in 陷入……中，困在……中
be stuck in＝be trapped in 被困在……
be stuck/caught/held up in traffic 遭遇交通堵塞
be stuck in the mud 陷入泥里
We got stuck in the lift and had to wait for rescue patiently.
我们被困在电梯里，只好耐心地等待救援。
学法点拨：
常用的表示“陷入”的短语有：be/get stuck in, be/get trapped in, be/get caught in。

归纳拓展：
stick to坚持(to为介词)
stick to one's dream 坚持梦想
stick to his word 履行诺言
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①In April, thousands of holiday-makers remain ________ (stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
②I didn't become a serious climber until the fifth grade, when I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck ________ the branches of a tree.
③Good opinions are worth sticking ________ because they can benefit us all.
④—Sorry I'm late. I ______________ (陷入了) traffic.
—Never mind. You're here e in and sit down.

stuck
in
to
got/was stuck in
5.benefit n．益处　vt.使受益　vi.得益于　beneficial adj.有益的，有用的
(教材P28)She realised that one of the greatest benefits of the Internet was its ability to remove the distance...她意识到互联网的最大好处之一就是能够消除……距离感。
(1)n. 益处，利益
be of benefit to＝be beneficial to 对……有好处
for the benefit of(＝for one's benefit) 为了……的利益
(2)vt. 使受益，有益于，有助于
vi. 获益，受益
A benefit B A对B有益
B benefit from A B从A中获益
Working out every day is of great benefit to our health.
每天做大量的运动对健康很有好处。
The money was used for the benefit of the survivors.
该款项用于补贴幸存者。
It is obvious that doing eye exercises benefits our eyes, and that is to say, our eyes can benefit from doing eye exercises.
很明显，做眼保健操有益于我们的眼睛，也就是说，我们的眼睛会受益于做眼保健操。
误区警示：
对某人有益

为某人服务

beneficial adj.有益的，有利的
知识拓展：
be of ＋n.＝be＋adj.
be of importance＝be important
be of use＝be useful
be of no use＝be useless
be of help＝be helpful
be of no help＝be helpless
be of great value＝be very valuable
be of significance＝be significant
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空
①It is said that yoga is _______________ (对……很有好处) human health.
②The poor and homeless ___________ (受益于) social welfare; they are provided with food and shelter.
③China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals _______________ (为了……的利益) all its citizens.
④Walking outdoors regularly for sunshine is of benefit ________ everyone.
⑤Some parents think they take control of everything of their children ________ the benefit of them.
⑥I'm sure that everyone will benefit a lot ________ this activity.
⑦It can be ________ (benefit) to share your feelings with someone you trust.
of great benefit to
benefit from
for the benefit of
to
for
from
beneficial
6.distance n．距离，远处；(人际关系的)疏远　distant adj.遥远的；冷漠的
(教材P28)She realised that one of the greatest benefits of the Internet was its ability to remove the distance...她意识到互联网的最大好处之一就是能够消除……距离感。
in the distance 在远处
at/from a distance 从远处，隔一段距离(不是很远)
at a distance of... 隔……远的距离
keep sb. at a distance 与某人保持一定的距离；对某人冷淡
keep one's distance (from) (与……)保持距离
the distance between wealth and poverty 贫富间的差距
within walking distance 在步行距离之内
You must be very patient when you are travelling a long distance.
长途旅行时，你必须很有耐心才行。
We saw an old castle in the distance.我们看到远处有一座古堡。
The picture looks better at a distance.这幅画从远处看更好。
at a distance of two miles在两英里外
There is a gym within walking distance.有一个步行就能到的体育馆。
If I were you, I would keep that dog at a distance.我要是你，就离那条狗远一点儿。
误区警示：
对distance (距离)的提问多用what。
What's the distance from Jinan to Guangzhou？从济南到广州有多远？
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen ________ a distance of 60 miles.
②The neighbours tend to keep their distance ________ him.
③We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long ________ (distant) to take the shower and use the bathroom.
④The ancient temple ____________ (在远处) looks more beautiful on the clear morning of September.
⑤They _______________________________________ (与他保持距离) until he had proven he could be trusted.
at
from
distance
in the distance
kept him at a distance/kept their distance from him
7．inspire vt.鼓舞；激励；启发思考；使产生(某种情感)，激起
(教材P28)She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club...她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个IT俱乐部……
inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事
inspire 激起某人的某种情感
be inspired by 受……的鼓舞
He inspired many young people to carry on volunteer work.
他激励了很多年轻人坚持做志愿工作。
Your strong determination for the project inspired me with hope.
＝Your strong determination for the project inspired hope in me.
你们对项目坚定的决心使我燃起了希望。
词语拓展：
draw inspiration from ordinary life 从日常生活中得到灵感
an inspiration to Lily对莉莉的激励
inspiration 作“鼓舞人心的人或事物”讲时是抽象名词具体化，作“灵感”讲时是不可数名词

词语积累：
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Those who were stuck in the snowstorm ______________ (inspire) by the captain to move on with heavy legs.
②I clicked a blog yesterday and read an inspiring blog post and gained much __________ (inspire)．
③The captain's effort inspired them ________ determination.
＝The captain's effort inspired determination ________ them.
④His speech was so ________ (inspire) that his students were inspired ________ (study) harder than ever before.
⑤If someone or something _______________ (鼓舞你做) something new or unusual, they make you intend to do it.
⑥她的话激发了我的信心。
Her words ________________ confidence.
＝Her words ___________________ me.
were inspired
inspiration
with
in
inspiring
to study
inspires you to do
inspired me with
inspired confidence in
8.access n．通道；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会　vt.进入；使用；获取　accessible adj.可进入的；可使用的
(教材P28)．..make sure that everyone has access to the Interent...……确保每个人都能使用互联网……
(1)n.通路；入口；方法；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会
access to sth. 去……的通路
have access to 有权使用……；可以接近……
have/gain/get access to 有/得到……的使用权；有/获得/得到接近……的机会
(2)vt. 进入；使用；获取
access the Internet 进入因特网
access the sales figures 获取销售数字
知识拓展：
be accessible to 可以进入；可以使用

词语积累：
The only access to success is to have a clear goal and enough preparation to achieve it.
成功的唯一方法就是有一个合适的目标和实现它的充分准备。
All the students in our school have free access to the library.
我们学校的所有学生都能免费使用图书馆。
We can't access the Internet.我们连不上网。
The database allows you to access the sales figures in a number of ways.
该数据库能让你以多种方式获取销售数字。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①It was really annoying; I couldn't get access ________ the data bank you had recommended.
②This scientist ________ (access) different files to find the correct information yesterday.
③Medicine should not be kept where it is ________ (access) to kids.
④The only access ________ the lonely island is by helicopter.
⑤You need a password to ______________ (使用) the computer system.
⑥A manager should ____________ (易于接近) his staff.
to
accessed
accessible
to
get/have access to
be accessible to
9.tough adj.艰难的；严厉的　toughly adv.艰难地；严厉地　toughness n．坚韧；强硬
(教材P28)When you go through tough times...当你身处逆境时……
have a tough time 日子很难过
get tough with sb. 对某人采取强硬/严厉措施
a tough customer 一位难缠的顾客
a tough decision 一个难做的决定
联想拓展：
be tough on sb.＝(be hard on sb.)
对某人严厉
as tough as nails/as tough as old boots＝(very tough)坚韧不拔；雷打不动
a very tough, hard-wearing cloth非常结实、耐磨的布料
It's tough doing/to do sth.做某事很艰难
It was a tough decision to make.那是个很难做的决定。
The company is going through a tough time at the moment.公司现在正值困难时期。
The policemen are very tough on drunken drivers.警察对酒后驾车者十分严厉。
It is time to get tough with drunken drivers.该对酒后驾车者采取强硬手段了。
You have to be tough to be successful in politics.要在政界取得成功你就必须坚强。
a tough pair of shoes.一双结实的鞋子。
即学即练　写出句中tough的含义/单句语法填空/完成句子
①He is tough to work with.________
②She is a tough person.________
③This policy is very tough.________
④A good boss knows when to be tough ________ his employees.
⑤Tomorrow's going to be tough, much ________ (tough) than today.
⑥He predicted that we would ________________________(遭遇艰难的挑战) on the way to success.
⑦Don't ______________ (对……要求过严)him—he was only trying to help.
困难的
坚强的
严厉的
on
tougher
meet with tough challenges
be too tough on
10.plus conj.而且；此外　n．加号；优势　prep.加；另加　[熟词生义]n.优势；好处；长处
(教材P29)Plus they can update movies and music at high speeds.此外他还能快速更新电影和音乐。
30-plus years ago 30多年前
“加减乘除”表示法：
add v．加；增加 plus prep.加(上)
subtract v．减；减去 minus prep.减(去)
multiply v．乘 times prep.乘以
divide v．除；(使)相除
plus的用法：
(1)教材原句中plus为连词，意为“并且，而且”，通常放在一句话的句首。
(2)prep. ①(＝with the addition of)加；加上。
②(as well as)和
(3)adj. ①比所示数量多的
②above zero; positive零上的；正的
(4)n. ①＋(加号)，正号(＋)
②正面因素，好处(复数形式pluses)

归纳拓展：
2＋2＝4
Two plus/added to two is four.
4－2＝2
Four minus two is two./Two subtracted from four is two.
2×2＝4
Two times/multiplied by two is four.
4÷2＝2
Four divided by two is two.
The quality of the product is very good, plus it's inexpensive.
这个产品的质量非常好，并且价格不贵。
Two plus five is seven.二加五等于七。
The bill was $10, plus $1 for postage.账款是10美元，再加上1美元邮费。
We have got to fit 5 people plus all their luggage in the car.
我们得在车里挤下5个人和全部行囊。
The work will cost $10,000 plus.那作品可值10 000美元以上。
5 is a plus quantity.5是正数。
The temperature is plus four degrees.温度是零上4度。
He seems to have mistaken a plus for a minus.他似乎把正号误作负号了。
Her knowledge of French is a plus in her job.她会法语，这对她工作很有好处。
即学即练　单句语法填空
①The temperature is ________ (零上) 20 degrees now.
②The student got a A ________ (加) in English.
③There are 50 ________ (多) students in the class.
④5 ___________ 2 equals/is 7.
⑤The hotel offers free breakfast, ________ (外加) an outdoor pool and fitness room.
⑥I won't buy the product, because its quality is not so good as we want, ________ it's expensive.
⑦His new job has several ________ (好处), one of which is the high salary.
plus
plus
plus
plus/added to
plus
plus
pluses
第二版块|重要短语
1.keep pany 陪伴某人
(教材P28)At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep her company.在五十岁时，她发现自己失业并被困在家里，只有她的电脑陪伴她。
[句式分析]　at age 50＝at the age of 50 在50岁时。
“find oneself＋补足语”表示“不知不觉地处于某种状态”
“with＋宾语＋不定式”是with的复合结构，通常在句中作伴随状语。
如：(1)I found myself at a book store.
我不知不觉来到一个书店前。
(2)With so much work to do, I can spare no time.
有这么多活儿做，我抽不出时间来。
in company with... 与……一道
keep company with... 与……结交
keep pany 陪伴某人
for company 陪伴；做伴
While your parents are away, I'll stay here and keep you company.
你父母不在时，我将留在这里陪伴你。
I will go to the nature reserve in company with you.我将和你一起去自然保护区。
He keeps company with some architects and archaeologists.
他与一些建筑师和考古学家结交。
学法点拨：
company n．同伴，陪伴→accompany v．陪伴→companion n．同伴

联想拓展：
accompany sb.＝keep pany陪伴某人
accompany sb. to a place陪伴某人去某地
be accompanied by由……陪伴
即学即练　单句语法填空/同义句转换
①Never keep company ________ dishonest persons.
②He will go hiking ________ company with his friends.
③Children must ______________ (accompany) by two paying adults.
④She asked me to accompany her ________ the airport.
⑤I will accompany my parents during the Spring Festival.
→I will _____________________ during the Spring Festival.
with
in
be accompanied
to
keep my parents company
2.now that 既然；由于(引导原因状语从句，相当于since)
(教材P28)Now that he works and can take care of himself, his daughter has time to study at university.由于他有事情可做，并能够照顾好自己，他的女儿就有时间上大学了。
Now that you are concerned about her, you may as well visit her this weekend.
既然你关心她，这个周末你不妨去看她。
Now that we have accepted the challenge, let's have a try.
既然我们已经接受了挑战，那就让我们试一试。
Now (that) it is raining, let's stay in the cabin for a break.
既然下雨了，我们在小屋里休息一下吧。
误区警示：
now that相当于since，引导原因状语从句，在口语中that可以省去，now仍表示“既然”。
就像although/though不能与but连用、because不能与so连用一样，当since, now that引导的从句表示原因时，主句前不能再加so。
[译]既然你已经准备好了，那我们现在就出发吧。
[×]Now that you are ready, so we set off now.
[√]Now that you are ready, we set off now.
即学即练　完成句子
①________(既然) you want to improve your oral English, why not practise speaking English every day
②__________________________(既然你想减肥), you'd better cut down on fatty foods.
③______________________________(既然你已经完成了工作), you may go now.
④________________ (既然我有空), I can enjoy music for a while.
Now that
Now that you want to lose weight
Now that you have finished your work
Now that I am free
3.apply for申请　applied adj.应用的；实用的　application n．申请；应用；涂抹　applicant n．申请人
(教材P28)A 59-year-old man learnt how to apply for work online and found a great job.一位59岁的男士学会了如何在网上申请工作并且找到了一份很好的工作。
apply (to sb.) for sth. (向某人)申请某物
apply to do sth. 申请做某事
apply...to... 把……应用于……
apply oneself to... 致力于……，专心于……
applied science 应用科学
联想拓展：
applied psychology应用心理学
an application form 申请表
an application letter申请信
an application software应用软件
即学即练　完成句子
①当要做选课的最终决定时，我决定申请反映我兴趣的那门课。
When the time came to make the final decision for a course, I decided to _________ the one that reflected my interest.
②我写信是想申请加入其中，我认为我能胜任这份工作。
I'm writing to ________ join it, thinking that I'm well qualified for the job.③如果你尽全力做这份工作，我认为你很快就会得到晋升。
If you _____________ the job，in my opinion, you'll soon get promoted.
apply for
apply to
apply yourself to
4．together with连同；和……一起
(教材P28)A 61-year-old woman who was living alone has started a small online company together with two friends.一位61岁独居妇女跟两位朋友一起开办了一个小的网上公司。
[句式分析]　A＋together with＋B(前后成分对等)，作主语时，谓语应与A在人称和数上保持一致。
Tom together with his parents is going to visit the Great Wall.
汤姆和他父母打算一起去参观长城。
Tom's parents together with him are going to visit the Great Wall.
汤姆的父母和他打算一起去参观长城。
误区警示：
together with连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数应与前面的名词或代词保持一致，类似的还有：as well as, along with, with, besides, except等。
I, together with Tom, am going to YunNan tomorrow.我和汤姆打算明天去云南。
Tom, as well as John, has gone to Shanghai.汤姆和约翰已经去了上海。
即学即练　完成句子
①五年以来，这位总工程师和他的同事们一起一直在寻找新的科学农耕方法。
The chief engineer together with his colleagues ______ (have) been looking for new scientific methods of farming since five years ago.
②如今，骑行与慢跑、游泳一起被认为是最全面的运动方式之一。
Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, __________ (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
has
is regarded
5.go through　(1)经历，经受　(2)仔细检查，审查　(3)详细研究　(4)用完，耗尽　(5)(法律、合同等正式)通过
(教材P28)When you go through tough times...当你身处逆境时……
go ahead 先走；开始做；请吧，说吧
go against 违背；违反
go by (时间)过去；遵循
go down 下降，下跌
go over 仔细检查
go out 出去；(火、灯)熄灭
go in for 爱好；从事
go up 上升；建造起来
He must have gone through many difficulties before he succeeded.
他在成功之前一定经历了许多困难。
You must go through your papers before you hand them in.
你们必须仔细检查试卷后才能上交。
They spent several days going through all related materials.
他们花了好几天的时间详细研究了所有相关的资料。
She has gone through all her savings in order to help a sick child.
为了帮助一个生病的孩子，她花光了所有的积蓄。
The bill didn't go through.法案未通过。
学法点拨：
through有“从头到尾”的含义，所以大多数“动词＋through”构成的短语都含有“完成”“自始至终”“从头到尾”的意思，如go through, get through渡过(难关)，cut through开辟(通道、出路)等。同学们可利用这一点记忆含有through的短语。
一言助记：
He went through a lot of things in his life. As time went by, some became memories. Now he goes in for writing and he has gone crazy about it. At the moment he is going over his past experiences and is going to write a short story, which doesn't go against his will. 他一生中经历了许多事情。随着时间的流逝，有些变成了回忆。现在他从事写作，而且已为之痴迷。此刻正在重温自己过去的经历，准备写一篇短篇小说，而不违背自己的意愿。
即学即练　写出句中go through的含义/单句语法填空
①They went through our luggage at the customs.________
②With great concentration she went through the movements.________
③We've gone through all those envelopes I bought last week.________
④The law didn't go through at the meeting.________
⑤Not until he went through real hardship did he realize the love we have for our families is important.________
⑥Most students in our class go in ________ outdoor activities.
⑦The price of them has gone ________.
仔细检查
完成
用完
通过
经历
for
down
⑧The price of goods is going ________. That is to say, things are becoming expensive.
⑨When he was a child, he went ________ one hardship after another.
⑩—May I open the window to let in some fresh air
—Go _______.
Things will get better as time goes ________.
Anyone who goes ________ nature will be punished.
—The professor has done some research on wild plants for 20 years.
—Oh! He must have gone ________ a lot of difficulties!

up
through
ahead
by
against
through
第三版块|典型句式
1．现在分词(短语)作后置定语
(教材P28)There are countless articles telling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient.讲述互联网如何使我们的生活变得更加方便的文章数不胜数。
[句式分析]　telling us...是现在分词短语，作后置定语，修饰articles。
(1)位置：作定语的分词如果是单个分词，要放在所修饰的名词之前；如果是分词短语，则放在所修饰的名词之后。
China is a developing country.中国是一个发展中国家。(前置定语)
The man standing there is an author.站在那里的那个人是一名作家。(后置定语)
(2)形式：现在分词作定语有doing和being done两种形式，一般不用having done形式作定语。
(3)意义：doing表示主动动作正在进行或现在(当时)的状态。being done表示被动动作正在进行。
The meeting being held now is of great importance.现在正在进行的这个会议很重要。
(4)扩展成句：现在分词短语作后置定语时可扩展成定语从句。
the people sitting at the back＝the people who are sitting at the back坐在后面的人
学法点拨：
(1)一般来讲，现在分词与过去分词都可作定语，但现在分词表示主动的、正在进行的含义，而过去分词表示被动的、已经完成的含义。
(2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语时，不表示被动，只强调完成；不及物动词的现在分词作定语时，强调动作正在进行。它们一般都放在所修饰的名词之前。请比较不及物动词的过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别：
即学即练　单句语法填空
①The next thing he saw was smoke ________ (rise) from behind the house.
②Chinese New Year is a celebration ________ (mark) the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
③Look over there—there's a very long, winding path ________ (lead) up to the house.
④For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit ________ (grow) on his own farm.
⑤He is a student at Oxford University, ________ (study) for a degree in computer science.
⑥There's a note pinned to the door ________ (say) when the shop will open again.
rising
marking
leading
grown
studying
saying
2.with复合结构
(教材P28)．..she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep her company.……她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。
[句式分析]　该句中含有with复合结构，其形式为“with＋名词＋不定式”，在句中作伴随状语。
He slept in the chair with the door open.门开着，他在椅子上睡着了。(伴随)
She left in a hurry, with all the lights on.她匆匆离开了，所有的灯都还开着。(伴随)
He came in, with a musical instrument in his hand.他进来了，手里拿着一件乐器。(伴随)
The weather was even colder with the wind blowing.因为刮着风，天气更冷了。(原因)
With his work finished, he gladly accepted the invitation to dinner.
工作都完成了，他欣然接受了晚宴的邀请。(原因)
With so much work to do, I can't go on holiday.有这么多工作要做，我不能去度假。(原因)
with复合结构总结：
构成：with＋宾语＋宾语补足语
功能：在句中可作定语或状语。宾语补足语可以由形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式充当。
在句中常作状语时，表示时间、原因、方式、条件或伴随等。具体形式主要有：
with＋宾语＋现在分词(主动或正在进行)
with＋宾语＋过去分词(被动或已经完成)
with＋宾语＋动词不定式(尚未发生)
with＋宾语＋形容词/副词/介词短语
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ________ (follow) them.
②With nothing ________ (leave) to burn, the fire became weak and finally went out.
③With a lot of homework ________ (do), I decided not to watch the performance with you.
④_____________________ (所有工作都已完成), they hurried back home for lunch.
⑤________________________ (有很多问题要解决), I can't go skating with you.
⑥The manager came in ________________________ (他的助手跟着他)．
following
left
to do
With all the work finished
With a lot of problems to settle
with his assistant following him
3.no matter how...无论多么……
(教材29)No matter how small a town is...无论一个城镇有多小……
[句式分析]　此句是“no matter wh-从句”引导的一个让步状语从句。
在引导让步状语从句时，无论用no matter wh-从句，还是whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever, whichever, however都是可以的。但no matter wh-从句不能引导名词性从句，而wh-＋ever却可引导名词性从句。如：Whatever he said to you yesterday is true.(＝Anything that he said to you yesterday is true.)他昨天跟你说的一切都是真的。
归纳拓展：
no matter＋what/who/when/where/which/how＝whatever/whoever/
whenever/wherever/whichever/however无论什么/谁/什么时候/哪里/哪一个/如何，可引导让步状语从句。
即学即练　用whatever, whenever, however, no matter what/when/how等完成句子
①I will do ________ the Party thinks necessary.
②________ is mine, is yours.
③Smoking is harmful, ________ your cigarettes may be.
④You must have your own view on such an important subject, ____________________ other people may say about it.
⑤_____________________ I'm unhappy, it is my friend who cheers me up.
⑥You may come here ____________________ you have time.
⑦____________________ difficult the problem is, we'll be sure to solve it.

whatever
Whatever
whatever
whatever/no matter what
Whenever/No matter when
whenever/no matter when
However/No matter how
课时达标·随堂自测
·基础知识自测·
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The millionaire donated a lot of money to ________ (慈善)．
2．He has ________ (使用) to free Wi-Fi, which makes it convenient for him to write his blogs.
3．Do you buy goods in ________ (现金) or by credit card
4．If someone or something ________ (鼓舞) you to do something new or unusual, they make you intend to do it.
5．The Internet is capable of removing the ________ (距离) that usually exists between people.
charity
access
cash
inspires
distance
6．Tom often _________ (下载) software, documents, and images from the network.
7．His database and file are ________ (更新) once a week.
8．Whether you use a smartphone app or computer ________ (软件), we make sure it is convenient for you.
9．Surfing the Internet has indeed brought us a lot of ________ (益处)．
10．The authorities have taken ________ (严厉的) measures to ensure network safety.
downloads
updated
software
benefits
tough
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．We make sure that everyone has access ________ the Internet and knows how to use new technology.
2．When you go ________ tough times, you meet others who are facing similar challenges.
3．Bikes can be rented ________ using online apps—no need for paperwork or cash payment.
4．No matter ________ far away you are, you can keep yourself accompany by families and friends through the Internet.
5．Do you intend to pay online or ________ cash
to
through
by
how
in
6．We can get the most ________ (update) information from large databases.
7．There are articles ________ (tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient.
8．We no longer have to wait in line or carry cash around when we go ________ (shop)．
9．She also joined a bloggers' group ________ she could talk about her problems.
10．She was so ________ (inspire) by the people she met online that she decided to start a fight back cyberbully.
updated
telling
shopping
where
inspired
Ⅲ.短语填空
keep pany， have access to， now that， go through， in the distance， inspired by， donate...to charity， be convenient for， in cash， for convenience
1．I think this app _____________ me to shop online.
2．The author has ____________ so many hardships that he has written such a good blog post.
3．_________ you have downloaded the software, why not install it immediately
4．Many rich people have ________ a large sum of money __________ through unknown account.
is convenient for
gone through
Now that
donated
to charity
5．The residents in my town would like to pay online rather than ________________.
6．It seems that she is stuck at home with only her computer to ________________.
7．I ___________ free Wi-Fi, so it is convenient for me to download some apps and documents from the network.
8．___________ the real life, the author wrote a book Guidelines and Tips for Residents' Lives.
9．If you can see something ____________， that is, you can see it far away from you.
10．____________， the photos and images will be shown in time order.
in cash
keep her company
have access to
Inspired by
in the distance
For convenience
·学科素养提升·
Ⅳ.短文语法填空
The computer is widely used in our daily life. The computer is a machine that 1.________ (design) to help people do many things. When it first came into 2.________ (be), it was just a calculating machine, and later it was built as an analytical machine that could “think” logically and produce an answer 3.________ (fast) than any person.
1.答案与解析：was designed　先行词是a machine, that引导的定语从句中，关系词替代先行词，a machine与design之间是被动关系，用被动语态，表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态was designed。
2.答案与解析：being　come into being产生。
3.答案与解析：faster　根据than any person可知用比较级faster。
Still later, the computer could be made to work as a “universal machine” to solve any difficult mathematical problems. There were times when its size was 4.________ (total) changed. It became smaller and smaller but it got cleverer and cleverer. In the early 1960s, computers were connected by a network and brought into common people's homes 5.________ (deal) with information and help communicate 6.________ people around the world.
4.答案与解析：totally　该空修饰动词changed，用副词totally。
5.答案与解析：to deal　不定式短语to deal with...作目的状语。
6.答案与解析：between　根据语境“在20世纪60年代早期，计算机通过网络连接起来，并走进普通人的家里处理信息，帮助世界各地的人们进行交流”可知，空格处表示“在……之间”，所以填between。
It could share 7.________ (inform) with others and they could talk to each other. The Internet has become 8.________ important part in our life and we can do many things with the help of the Internet. The computer is used to connect people 9.________ aren't close enough to speak to each other. It has been serving the human race since 10.________ (it) birth.
7.答案与解析：information　名词information作share的宾语。
8.答案与解析：an　句意：互联网已经成为我们生活中重要的一部分，在互联网的帮助下，我们可以做很多事情。文中泛指“一个重要的部分”，important的读音以元音音素开头，所以填不定冠词an。
9.答案与解析：who/that　先行词是people, who/that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，指人。
10.答案与解析：its　句意：它自诞生以来就一直在为人类服务。此处表示“它的诞生”，用形容词性物主代词，所以填its。Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
[课文内容]
STRONGER TOGETHER：HOW WE HAVE BEEN CHANGEDBY THE INTERNET
Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles telling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient① 【1】. We no longer have to wait in line or carry cash② around when we go shopping. We can get the most updated③ information from large databases④. We can download software⑤， documents, and images whenever we need them. But the Internet has done much more for people than simply make life more convenient. People's lives have been changed by online communities and social networks⑥.
【1】句中的现在分词短语telling us how... more convenient作后置定语，修饰countless articles。
Jan Tchamani, an English teacher in Birmingham, UK, suddenly developed⑦ a serious illness and had to quit her job. At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck⑧ at home with only her computer to keep her company⑨【2】. After a while, she discovered that surfing the Internet could help her feel less lonely and bored. She could listen to music, watch films, play games, and explore the world. She also joined an online group where she could talk about her problems and get support and advice from others. She realised that one of the greatest benefits of the Internet was its ability to remove the distance that usually exists between people.【3】
【2】found herself... home为“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构，out of work和stuck at home作宾语补足语，说明herself的处境。with only... company为“with＋名词＋to do”结构，在句中作stuck的伴随状语。
【3】本句为复合句，realised后由that引导了一个宾语从句，宾语从句中one of the greatest benefits of the Internet是主语，its ability是表语，被不定式短语to remove the... people修饰，不定式短语中又包含了一个由that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the distance。
She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet. She and her friends now organise events and collect money to pay for private teachers. Many people have been helped by the club. A 59-year-old man learnt how to apply for work online and found a great job. Now that he works and can take care of himself 【4】， his daughter has time to study at university. A 61-year-old woman who was living alone has started a small online company together with two friends. She no longer feels lonely, and her company has become quite successful.
【4】此处为Now that引导的原因状语从句，now that意为“既然，由于”。
Jan has started taking online classes to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. She believes that it is highly important to bridge the digital divide and make sure that everyone has access to the Internet and knows how to use new technology. 【5】 Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money for children in poor countries.
【5】本句为复合句，believes后由that引导了一个宾语从句，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to bridge... technology，在作主语的不定式中又包含一个that引导的宾语从句。
Jan's life has been greatly improved by the Internet. “When you go through tough times, you meet others who are facing similar challenges，” Jan says. “Thinking about other people's situations inspired me to offer help.”
[词语积累]
①convenient/k n'vi ni nt/adj.方便的；近便的
②cash/k /n.[U]现金；金钱
cheque n．支票　credit card信用卡
cashless/'k l s/adj.不用现金的
③update/ p'de t/vt.更新；向……提供最新信息
④database/'de t be s/n.数据库；资料库
[英语释义]an organized set of data that is stored in a computer and can be looked at and used in various ways
database system数据库系统
⑤software/'s ftwe (r)/n.软件
application/system software应用/系统软件
install/run a piece of software安装/运行一个软件
hardware/'hɑ dwe (r)/n.硬件
⑥network/'netw (r)k/n.(互联)网络；网状系统；人际网 vt.将……连接成网络；联播 vi.建立工作关系
a network of friends朋友网
a rail/road network铁路/公路网
⑦develop v. [熟词生义]患(病)，(疾病)开始侵袭
⑧stuck/st k/adj.卡住；陷(入)；困(于)
⑨keep pany陪伴某人
company n．[U]陪伴，做伴
have... as company有……为伴
in company with sb.与某人一起
⑩benefit/'ben f t/n.益处
distance/'d st ns/n.距离
inspire/ n'spa (r)/vt.鼓舞；激励；启发思考
bridge [熟词生义]v.架起桥梁，消除(隔阂)
divide [熟词生义]n.差异；分歧
access/' kses/n.(使用的)机会或权利
have access to...拥有……的权利
charity/'t r ti/n.[U]慈善；[C]慈善机构(或组织)
a charity concert慈善音乐会
local charities当地慈善机构
go through经历；度过；通读
tough/t f/adj.艰难的；严厉的
have a tough time (of it)日子很难过
[文化采风]
网络课程是信息时代条件下新的课程表现形式，是通过互联网实现校外教学的一种方式。只要具备上网条件即可在任何时间、任何地点接入互联网，自主地选择学习内容。相对于面授教育而言，网络教育最大限度地突破了教育的时空限制，是师生分离、非面对面组织的教学活动，是一种跨学校、跨地区的教育体制和教学模式。网络化教育的迅速发展，在缩小地区之间的教育差别、扩大教育规模、提高教育质量等方面将起到重要的促进作用。
[课文释译]
在一起更强大：互联网是如何改变我们的
已经有很多关于万维网奇迹的文章了。无数的文章告诉我们互联网如何使我们的生活更加便利。购物时，我们不再需要排队等候或随身携带现金。我们可以从大数据库中获取最新的信息。我们可以随时下载需要的软件、文档和图像。但互联网所做的不仅仅是使人们的生活更加便捷。在线社区和社交网络也改变了人们的生活。
英国伯明翰的一名英语教师简·查玛尼突然得了一场重病，不得不辞掉工作。50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。一段时间后，她发现上网可以帮助自己感到不那么孤独和无聊。她可以听音乐、看电影、玩游戏、探索世界。她还加入了一个在线群组，在那里她谈论自己遇到的问题，并得到他人的支持和建议。她意识到互联网的最大好处之一就是能够消除通常存在于人和人之间的距离。
她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教一些年长的人们学习使用电脑和互联网。现在，她和她的朋友们组织一些活动，为(聘请)私人教师筹集资金。这个俱乐部已经帮助了许多人。一名59岁的男子学会了如何在网上申请工作，并找到了一份好工作。因为他有了工作并且可以照顾自己，他女儿就有时间上大学了。一位61岁的独居女性和两位朋友一起创办了一家小型互联网公司。她不再感到孤独，而且她的公司也相当成功。
简已经开始参加在线课程，更多地学习如何利用互联网使社会变得更好。她认为，消除数字鸿沟、确保每个人都能使用互联网并且知晓如何运用新技术，是非常重要的。她的下一个目标是建立一个慈善网站，为贫困国家的儿童筹集资金。互联网极大地改善了简的生活。“当你经历困境时，你会遇到其他面临类似挑战的人，”简说，“想到别人的处境，就激励我去帮助他们。”
Ⅰ.课文结构图解
Ⅱ.阅读理解(根据课文内容选择正确答案)
1．What's the main idea of the passage
A．Jan developed a serious illness.
B．Jan decided to start an IT club.
C．Jan started a charity website.
D．Jan's life has been changed by the Internet.
2．Jan's attitude to the Internet is ________.
A．negative B．neutral
C．grateful D．not mentioned
3．What helped Jan remove her loneliness
A．The online group she joined.
B．The ability of the Internet to remove the distance between people.
C．The support and advice she got from others.
D．The people she met online.
4．What's the purpose of the author by referring to the 59-year-old man and the 61-year-old woman
A．To introduce two old people.
B．To explain how to apply for jobs online.
C．To prove they are successful.
D．To give two examples helped by Jan's club.
5．Which of the following words is similar to “bridge” in meaning in Para.4
A．Remove. B．Decorate.
C．Broaden. D．Increase.
第一版块|核心单词
1.convenient adj.方便的；近便的　convenience n．方便，便利
(教材P28)There are countless articles telling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient.讲述互联网如何使我们的生活变得更加方便的文章数不胜数。
(1)convenience n. 方便；便利
at one's convenience 在某人方便的时候
for convenience 为了方便起见
bring convenience to... 给……带来便利
for the convenience of sb. 为了方便某人
(2)convenient adj. 方便的；便利的
(做)某事对某人来说方便
(3)inconvenient adj. 不方便的
inconvenience n. 不方便
The man promised to work out the cost when it was convenient.
那人答应在方便的时候算出费用。
My secretary will call you to arrange a convenient time to meet.
我的秘书会给你打电话安排方便的时间见面。
Our new flat is very convenient for the stadium.我们的新公寓离体育场很近。
误区警示：
Sb. is convenient to do sth.(×)
It is convenient (for sb.) to do sth.(√)
convenient不能用人作主语，可用it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语。
[译]你如果方便的话，请在8点来。
[×]Please come at eight if you are convenient.
[√]Please come at eight if it is convenient for you.
以-ence结尾的名词转换为-ent结尾的形容词小结：
difference→different
innocence→innocent
importance→important
significance→singnificant
absence→absent
consequence→consequent
dependence→dependent
evidence→evident
patience→patient
silence→silent
violence→violent
distance→distant
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空
①Come and see me whenever ________________________ (对你来说方便的)．
②I keep my reference books near my desk ________________________ (为了方便起见)．
③Come to my office ________________________ (在你方便时)．
④Some aspects of a pilot's job can be boring, and pilots often have to work at ________ (convenient) hours.
⑤If it is quite convenient ________ you, I will visit you next Tuesday.
⑥In this seaside resort, you can enjoy all the comfort and ________ (convenient) of modern tourism.
⑦________ is convenient for you to take a plane because there is a regular bus to the airport.
2.update vt.更新；向……提供最新信息　n．更新；最新消息
(教材P28)We can get the most updated information from large databases.我们可以从大型数据库中获得最新的信息。
(1)vt. 更新；向……提供最新信息
update sb. on sth. 向某人提供最新信息
update one's knowledge 更新某人的知识
update a software 更新软件
(2)n. 更新；最新消息
a news update 最新新闻报道
The TV updated a news story on the bad storm coming to our area.
电视就我们地区即将来临的暴风雨做了最新报道。
He didn't update his blogs because of illness, which is rare for him.
他因为生病了没有更新他的博客，这种事对他来说很不常见。
The baby was born and updated texts were coming in quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa.孩子出生后，欣喜若狂的祖母特蕾莎很快就发了最新短信。
词语积累：
updated adj.更新的；现代化的
the updated version 最新版本
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I called the office to update them ________ the day's developments.
②It's important for the figures ________ (update) regularly.
③The customers have access to ________ (update) information.
④Teachers have to constantly ________ (更新知识) in order to improve their level.
3.cash n．现金；金钱
(教材P28)We no longer have to wait in line or carry cash around when we go shopping.当我们去购物时，不必排队等候或者随身带着现金。
in cash 用现金，有现钱
have cash on sb. 某人身上带着现金
be short of cash 缺钱
low on cash 现金不足
cash down 即付现款
You can click here and pay in WeChat instead of in cash.
你可以点击这里用微信支付，而不是用现金。
词义拓展：
cash v．将……兑现；支付现款
cash a cheque for sb. 给某人把支票兑现
cash in 兑现；从中牟利
cash in on sth. 从某事物中获得利益或利润
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空
①She bought some fruit and paid ________________ (用现金)．
②支票或现金付款都可以的，这很方便的。
Payment can be made by cheque or ________________， which is very convenient.
③商店趁一时缺货而提高价格从中牟利。
The shops are ________________ on temporary shortages by raising prices.
④I never carry much cash ________ me.
⑤Wait a moment and I will cash the cheque ________ you right away.
4.stuck adj.卡住；陷(入)；困(于)
(教材P28)At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep her company.50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。
get/be stuck in 陷入……中，困在……中
be stuck in＝be trapped in 被困在……
be stuck/caught/held up in traffic 遭遇交通堵塞
be stuck in the mud 陷入泥里
We got stuck in the lift and had to wait for rescue patiently.
我们被困在电梯里，只好耐心地等待救援。
学法点拨：
常用的表示“陷入”的短语有：be/get stuck in, be/get trapped in, be/get caught in。
归纳拓展：
stick to坚持(to为介词)
stick to one's dream 坚持梦想
stick to his word 履行诺言
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①In April, thousands of holiday-makers remain ________ (stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
②I didn't become a serious climber until the fifth grade, when I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck ________ the branches of a tree.
③Good opinions are worth sticking ________ because they can benefit us all.
④—Sorry I'm late. I ________________ (陷入了) traffic.
—Never mind. You're here e in and sit down.
5.benefit n．益处　vt.使受益　vi.得益于　beneficial adj.有益的，有用的
(教材P28)She realised that one of the greatest benefits of the Internet was its ability to remove the distance...她意识到互联网的最大好处之一就是能够消除……距离感。
(1)n. 益处，利益
be of benefit to＝be beneficial to 对……有好处
for the benefit of(＝for one's benefit) 为了……的利益
(2)vt. 使受益，有益于，有助于
vi. 获益，受益
A benefit B A对B有益
B benefit from A B从A中获益
Working out every day is of great benefit to our health.
每天做大量的运动对健康很有好处。
The money was used for the benefit of the survivors.
该款项用于补贴幸存者。
It is obvious that doing eye exercises benefits our eyes, and that is to say, our eyes can benefit from doing eye exercises.
很明显，做眼保健操有益于我们的眼睛，也就是说，我们的眼睛会受益于做眼保健操。
误区警示：
对某人有益
为某人服务
beneficial adj.有益的，有利的
知识拓展：
be of ＋n.＝be＋adj.
be of importance＝be important
be of use＝be useful
be of no use＝be useless
be of help＝be helpful
be of no help＝be helpless
be of great value＝be very valuable
be of significance＝be significant
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空
①It is said that yoga is ________________________(对……很有好处) human health.
②The poor and homeless ________________________(受益于) social welfare; they are provided with food and shelter.
③China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ________________________(为了……的利益) all its citizens.
④Walking outdoors regularly for sunshine is of benefit ________ everyone.
⑤Some parents think they take control of everything of their children ________ the benefit of them.
⑥I'm sure that everyone will benefit a lot ________ this activity.
⑦It can be ________ (benefit) to share your feelings with someone you trust.
6.distance n．距离，远处；(人际关系的)疏远　distant adj.遥远的；冷漠的
(教材P28)She realised that one of the greatest benefits of the Internet was its ability to remove the distance...她意识到互联网的最大好处之一就是能够消除……距离感。
in the distance 在远处
at/from a distance 从远处，隔一段距离(不是很远)
at a distance of... 隔……远的距离
keep sb. at a distance 与某人保持一定的距离；对某人冷淡
keep one's distance (from) (与……)保持距离
the distance between wealth and poverty 贫富间的差距
within walking distance 在步行距离之内
You must be very patient when you are travelling a long distance.
长途旅行时，你必须很有耐心才行。
We saw an old castle in the distance.我们看到远处有一座古堡。
The picture looks better at a distance.这幅画从远处看更好。
at a distance of two miles在两英里外
There is a gym within walking distance.有一个步行就能到的体育馆。
If I were you, I would keep that dog at a distance.我要是你，就离那条狗远一点儿。
误区警示：
对distance (距离)的提问多用what。
What's the distance from Jinan to Guangzhou？从济南到广州有多远？
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen ________ a distance of 60 miles.
②The neighbours tend to keep their distance ________ him.
③We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long ________ (distant) to take the shower and use the bathroom.
④The ancient temple ________________________ (在远处) looks more beautiful on the clear morning of September.
⑤They ________________________ (与他保持距离) until he had proven he could be trusted.
7．inspire vt.鼓舞；激励；启发思考；使产生(某种情感)，激起
(教材P28)She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club...她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个IT俱乐部……
inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事
inspire 激起某人的某种情感
be inspired by 受……的鼓舞
He inspired many young people to carry on volunteer work.
他激励了很多年轻人坚持做志愿工作。
Your strong determination for the project inspired me with hope.
＝Your strong determination for the project inspired hope in me.
你们对项目坚定的决心使我燃起了希望。
词语拓展：
draw inspiration from ordinary life 从日常生活中得到灵感
an inspiration to Lily对莉莉的激励
inspiration 作“鼓舞人心的人或事物”讲时是抽象名词具体化，作“灵感”讲时是不可数名词
词语积累：
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Those who were stuck in the snowstorm ________ (inspire) by the captain to move on with heavy legs.
②I clicked a blog yesterday and read an inspiring blog post and gained much ________ (inspire)．
③The captain's effort inspired them ________ determination.
＝The captain's effort inspired determination ________ them.
④His speech was so ________ (inspire) that his students were inspired ________ (study) harder than ever before.
⑤If someone or something ________________________(鼓舞你做) something new or unusual, they make you intend to do it.
⑥她的话激发了我的信心。
Her words ________________________ confidence.
＝Her words ________________________ me.
8.access n．通道；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会　vt.进入；使用；获取　accessible adj.可进入的；可使用的
(教材P28)．..make sure that everyone has access to the Interent...……确保每个人都能使用互联网……
(1)n.通路；入口；方法；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会
access to sth. 去……的通路
have access to 有权使用……；可以接近……
have/gain/get access to 有/得到……的使用权；有/获得/得到接近……的机会
(2)vt. 进入；使用；获取
access the Internet 进入因特网
access the sales figures 获取销售数字
知识拓展：
be accessible to 可以进入；可以使用
词语积累：
The only access to success is to have a clear goal and enough preparation to achieve it.
成功的唯一方法就是有一个合适的目标和实现它的充分准备。
All the students in our school have free access to the library.
我们学校的所有学生都能免费使用图书馆。
We can't access the Internet.我们连不上网。
The database allows you to access the sales figures in a number of ways.
该数据库能让你以多种方式获取销售数字。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①It was really annoying; I couldn't get access ________ the data bank you had recommended.
②This scientist ________ (access) different files to find the correct information yesterday.
③Medicine should not be kept where it is ________ (access) to kids.
④The only access ________ the lonely island is by helicopter.
⑤You need a password to ________________________ (使用) the computer system.
⑥A manager should ________________________ (易于接近) his staff.
9.tough adj.艰难的；严厉的　toughly adv.艰难地；严厉地　toughness n．坚韧；强硬
(教材P28)When you go through tough times...当你身处逆境时……
have a tough time 日子很难过
get tough with sb. 对某人采取强硬/严厉措施
a tough customer 一位难缠的顾客
a tough decision 一个难做的决定
联想拓展：
be tough on sb.＝(be hard on sb.)
对某人严厉
as tough as nails/as tough as old boots＝(very tough)坚韧不拔；雷打不动
a very tough, hard-wearing cloth非常结实、耐磨的布料
It's tough doing/to do sth.做某事很艰难
It was a tough decision to make.那是个很难做的决定。
The company is going through a tough time at the moment.公司现在正值困难时期。
The policemen are very tough on drunken drivers.警察对酒后驾车者十分严厉。
It is time to get tough with drunken drivers.该对酒后驾车者采取强硬手段了。
You have to be tough to be successful in politics.要在政界取得成功你就必须坚强。
a tough pair of shoes.一双结实的鞋子。
即学即练　写出句中tough的含义/单句语法填空/完成句子
①He is tough to work with.________
②She is a tough person.________
③This policy is very tough.________
④A good boss knows when to be tough ________ his employees.
⑤Tomorrow's going to be tough, much ________ (tough) than today.
⑥He predicted that we would ________________________(遭遇艰难的挑战) on the way to success.
⑦Don't ________________________(对……要求过严)him—he was only trying to help.
10.plus conj.而且；此外　n．加号；优势　prep.加；另加　[熟词生义]n.优势；好处；长处
(教材P29)Plus they can update movies and music at high speeds.此外他还能快速更新电影和音乐。
30-plus years ago 30多年前
“加减乘除”表示法：
add v．加；增加 plus prep.加(上)
subtract v．减；减去 minus prep.减(去)
multiply v．乘 times prep.乘以
divide v．除；(使)相除
plus的用法：
(1)教材原句中plus为连词，意为“并且，而且”，通常放在一句话的句首。
(2)prep. ①(＝with the addition of)加；加上。
②(as well as)和
(3)adj. ①比所示数量多的
②above zero; positive零上的；正的
(4)n. ①＋(加号)，正号(＋)
②正面因素，好处(复数形式pluses)
归纳拓展：
2＋2＝4
Two plus/added to two is four.
4－2＝2
Four minus two is two./Two subtracted from four is two.
2×2＝4
Two times/multiplied by two is four.
4÷2＝2
Four divided by two is two.
The quality of the product is very good, plus it's inexpensive.
这个产品的质量非常好，并且价格不贵。
Two plus five is seven.二加五等于七。
The bill was $10, plus $1 for postage.账款是10美元，再加上1美元邮费。
We have got to fit 5 people plus all their luggage in the car.
我们得在车里挤下5个人和全部行囊。
The work will cost $10,000 plus.那作品可值10 000美元以上。
5 is a plus quantity.5是正数。
The temperature is plus four degrees.温度是零上4度。
He seems to have mistaken a plus for a minus.他似乎把正号误作负号了。
Her knowledge of French is a plus in her job.她会法语，这对她工作很有好处。
即学即练　单句语法填空
①The temperature is ________ (零上) 20 degrees now.
②The student got a A ________ (加) in English.
③There are 50 ________ (多) students in the class.
④5 ________ 2 equals/is 7.
⑤The hotel offers free breakfast, ________ (外加) an outdoor pool and fitness room.
⑥I won't buy the product, because its quality is not so good as we want, ________ it's expensive.
⑦His new job has several ________ (好处), one of which is the high salary.
第二版块|重要短语
1.keep pany 陪伴某人
(教材P28)At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep her company.在五十岁时，她发现自己失业并被困在家里，只有她的电脑陪伴她。
[句式分析]　at age 50＝at the age of 50 在50岁时。
“find oneself＋补足语”表示“不知不觉地处于某种状态”
“with＋宾语＋不定式”是with的复合结构，通常在句中作伴随状语。
如：(1)I found myself at a book store.
我不知不觉来到一个书店前。
(2)With so much work to do, I can spare no time.
有这么多活儿做，我抽不出时间来。
in company with... 与……一道
keep company with... 与……结交
keep pany 陪伴某人
for company 陪伴；做伴
While your parents are away, I'll stay here and keep you company.
你父母不在时，我将留在这里陪伴你。
I will go to the nature reserve in company with you.我将和你一起去自然保护区。
He keeps company with some architects and archaeologists.
他与一些建筑师和考古学家结交。
学法点拨：
company n．同伴，陪伴→accompany v．陪伴→companion n．同伴
联想拓展：
accompany sb.＝keep pany陪伴某人
accompany sb. to a place陪伴某人去某地
be accompanied by由……陪伴
即学即练　单句语法填空/同义句转换
①Never keep company ________ dishonest persons.
②He will go hiking ________ company with his friends.
③Children must ________ (accompany) by two paying adults.
④She asked me to accompany her ________ the airport.
⑤I will accompany my parents during the Spring Festival.
→I will ________________________ during the Spring Festival.
2.now that 既然；由于(引导原因状语从句，相当于since)
(教材P28)Now that he works and can take care of himself, his daughter has time to study at university.由于他有事情可做，并能够照顾好自己，他的女儿就有时间上大学了。
Now that you are concerned about her, you may as well visit her this weekend.
既然你关心她，这个周末你不妨去看她。
Now that we have accepted the challenge, let's have a try.
既然我们已经接受了挑战，那就让我们试一试。
Now (that) it is raining, let's stay in the cabin for a break.
既然下雨了，我们在小屋里休息一下吧。
误区警示：
now that相当于since，引导原因状语从句，在口语中that可以省去，now仍表示“既然”。
就像although/though不能与but连用、because不能与so连用一样，当since, now that引导的从句表示原因时，主句前不能再加so。
[译]既然你已经准备好了，那我们现在就出发吧。
[×]Now that you are ready, so we set off now.
[√]Now that you are ready, we set off now.
即学即练　完成句子
①__________________(既然) you want to improve your oral English, why not practise speaking English every day
②________________________(既然你想减肥), you'd better cut down on fatty foods.
③________________________(既然你已经完成了工作), you may go now.
④________________________(既然我有空), I can enjoy music for a while.
3.apply for申请　applied adj.应用的；实用的　application n．申请；应用；涂抹　applicant n．申请人
(教材P28)A 59-year-old man learnt how to apply for work online and found a great job.一位59岁的男士学会了如何在网上申请工作并且找到了一份很好的工作。
apply (to sb.) for sth. (向某人)申请某物
apply to do sth. 申请做某事
apply...to... 把……应用于……
apply oneself to... 致力于……，专心于……
applied science 应用科学
联想拓展：
applied psychology应用心理学
an application form 申请表
an application letter申请信
an application software应用软件
即学即练　完成句子
①当要做选课的最终决定时，我决定申请反映我兴趣的那门课。
When the time came to make the final decision for a course, I decided to ________________ the one that reflected my interest.
②我写信是想申请加入其中，我认为我能胜任这份工作。
I'm writing to ________________________ join it, thinking that I'm well qualified for the job.③如果你尽全力做这份工作，我认为你很快就会得到晋升。
If you ________________________ the job，in my opinion, you'll soon get promoted.
4．together with连同；和……一起
(教材P28)A 61-year-old woman who was living alone has started a small online company together with two friends.一位61岁独居妇女跟两位朋友一起开办了一个小的网上公司。
[句式分析]　A＋together with＋B(前后成分对等)，作主语时，谓语应与A在人称和数上保持一致。
Tom together with his parents is going to visit the Great Wall.
汤姆和他父母打算一起去参观长城。
Tom's parents together with him are going to visit the Great Wall.
汤姆的父母和他打算一起去参观长城。
误区警示：
together with连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数应与前面的名词或代词保持一致，类似的还有：as well as, along with, with, besides, except等。
I, together with Tom, am going to YunNan tomorrow.我和汤姆打算明天去云南。
Tom, as well as John, has gone to Shanghai.汤姆和约翰已经去了上海。
即学即练　完成句子
①五年以来，这位总工程师和他的同事们一起一直在寻找新的科学农耕方法。
The chief engineer together with his colleagues ________________ (have) been looking for new scientific methods of farming since five years ago.
②如今，骑行与慢跑、游泳一起被认为是最全面的运动方式之一。
Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ________________ (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
5.go through　(1)经历，经受　(2)仔细检查，审查　(3)详细研究　(4)用完，耗尽　(5)(法律、合同等正式)通过
(教材P28)When you go through tough times...当你身处逆境时……
go ahead 先走；开始做；请吧，说吧
go against 违背；违反
go by (时间)过去；遵循
go down 下降，下跌
go over 仔细检查
go out 出去；(火、灯)熄灭
go in for 爱好；从事
go up 上升；建造起来
He must have gone through many difficulties before he succeeded.
他在成功之前一定经历了许多困难。
You must go through your papers before you hand them in.
你们必须仔细检查试卷后才能上交。
They spent several days going through all related materials.
他们花了好几天的时间详细研究了所有相关的资料。
She has gone through all her savings in order to help a sick child.
为了帮助一个生病的孩子，她花光了所有的积蓄。
The bill didn't go through.法案未通过。
学法点拨：
through有“从头到尾”的含义，所以大多数“动词＋through”构成的短语都含有“完成”“自始至终”“从头到尾”的意思，如go through, get through渡过(难关)，cut through开辟(通道、出路)等。同学们可利用这一点记忆含有through的短语。
一言助记：
He went through a lot of things in his life. As time went by, some became memories. Now he goes in for writing and he has gone crazy about it. At the moment he is going over his past experiences and is going to write a short story, which doesn't go against his will. 他一生中经历了许多事情。随着时间的流逝，有些变成了回忆。现在他从事写作，而且已为之痴迷。此刻正在重温自己过去的经历，准备写一篇短篇小说，而不违背自己的意愿。
即学即练　写出句中go through的含义/单句语法填空
①They went through our luggage at the customs.________
②With great concentration she went through the movements.________
③We've gone through all those envelopes I bought last week.________
④The law didn't go through at the meeting.________
⑤Not until he went through real hardship did he realize the love we have for our families is important.________
⑥Most students in our class go in ________ outdoor activities.
⑦The price of them has gone ________.
⑧The price of goods is going ________. That is to say, things are becoming expensive.
⑨When he was a child, he went ________ one hardship after another.
⑩—May I open the window to let in some fresh air
—Go ________________.
Things will get better as time goes ________.
Anyone who goes ________ nature will be punished.
—The professor has done some research on wild plants for 20 years.
—Oh! He must have gone ________ a lot of difficulties!
第三版块|典型句式
1．现在分词(短语)作后置定语
(教材P28)There are countless articles telling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient.讲述互联网如何使我们的生活变得更加方便的文章数不胜数。
[句式分析]　telling us...是现在分词短语，作后置定语，修饰articles。
(1)位置：作定语的分词如果是单个分词，要放在所修饰的名词之前；如果是分词短语，则放在所修饰的名词之后。
China is a developing country.中国是一个发展中国家。(前置定语)
The man standing there is an author.站在那里的那个人是一名作家。(后置定语)
(2)形式：现在分词作定语有doing和being done两种形式，一般不用having done形式作定语。
(3)意义：doing表示主动动作正在进行或现在(当时)的状态。being done表示被动动作正在进行。
The meeting being held now is of great importance.现在正在进行的这个会议很重要。
(4)扩展成句：现在分词短语作后置定语时可扩展成定语从句。
the people sitting at the back＝the people who are sitting at the back坐在后面的人
学法点拨：
(1)一般来讲，现在分词与过去分词都可作定语，但现在分词表示主动的、正在进行的含义，而过去分词表示被动的、已经完成的含义。
(2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语时，不表示被动，只强调完成；不及物动词的现在分词作定语时，强调动作正在进行。它们一般都放在所修饰的名词之前。请比较不及物动词的过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别：
即学即练　单句语法填空
①The next thing he saw was smoke ________ (rise) from behind the house.
②Chinese New Year is a celebration ________ (mark) the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
③Look over there—there's a very long, winding path ________ (lead) up to the house.
④For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit ________ (grow) on his own farm.
⑤He is a student at Oxford University, ________ (study) for a degree in computer science.
⑥There's a note pinned to the door ________ (say) when the shop will open again.
2.with复合结构
(教材P28)．..she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep her company.……她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。
[句式分析]　该句中含有with复合结构，其形式为“with＋名词＋不定式”，在句中作伴随状语。
He slept in the chair with the door open.门开着，他在椅子上睡着了。(伴随)
She left in a hurry, with all the lights on.她匆匆离开了，所有的灯都还开着。(伴随)
He came in, with a musical instrument in his hand.他进来了，手里拿着一件乐器。(伴随)
The weather was even colder with the wind blowing.因为刮着风，天气更冷了。(原因)
With his work finished, he gladly accepted the invitation to dinner.
工作都完成了，他欣然接受了晚宴的邀请。(原因)
With so much work to do, I can't go on holiday.有这么多工作要做，我不能去度假。(原因)
with复合结构总结：
构成：with＋宾语＋宾语补足语
功能：在句中可作定语或状语。宾语补足语可以由形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式充当。
在句中常作状语时，表示时间、原因、方式、条件或伴随等。具体形式主要有：
with＋宾语＋现在分词(主动或正在进行)
with＋宾语＋过去分词(被动或已经完成)
with＋宾语＋动词不定式(尚未发生)
with＋宾语＋形容词/副词/介词短语
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ________ (follow) them.
②With nothing ________ (leave) to burn, the fire became weak and finally went out.
③With a lot of homework ________ (do), I decided not to watch the performance with you.
④________________________ (所有工作都已完成), they hurried back home for lunch.
⑤________________________ (有很多问题要解决), I can't go skating with you.
⑥The manager came in ________________________ (他的助手跟着他)．
3.no matter how...无论多么……
(教材29)No matter how small a town is...无论一个城镇有多小……
[句式分析]　此句是“no matter wh-从句”引导的一个让步状语从句。
在引导让步状语从句时，无论用no matter wh-从句，还是whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever, whichever, however都是可以的。但no matter wh-从句不能引导名词性从句，而wh-＋ever却可引导名词性从句。如：Whatever he said to you yesterday is true.(＝Anything that he said to you yesterday is true.)他昨天跟你说的一切都是真的。
归纳拓展：
no matter＋what/who/when/where/which/how＝whatever/whoever/whenever/wherever/whichever/however无论什么/谁/什么时候/哪里/哪一个/如何，可引导让步状语从句。
即学即练　用whatever, whenever, however, no matter what/when/how等完成句子
①I will do ________ the Party thinks necessary.
②________ is mine, is yours.
③Smoking is harmful, ________ your cigarettes may be.
④You must have your own view on such an important subject, ________ other people may say about it.
⑤________ I'm unhappy, it is my friend who cheers me up.
⑥You may come here ________ you have time.
⑦________ difficult the problem is, we'll be sure to solve it.
·基础知识自测·
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The millionaire donated a lot of money to ________ (慈善)．
2．He has ________ (使用) to free Wi-Fi, which makes it convenient for him to write his blogs.
3．Do you buy goods in ________ (现金) or by credit card
4．If someone or something ________ (鼓舞) you to do something new or unusual, they make you intend to do it.
5．The Internet is capable of removing the ________ (距离) that usually exists between people.
6．Tom often ________ (下载) software, documents, and images from the network.
7．His database and file are ________ (更新) once a week.
8．Whether you use a smartphone app or computer ________ (软件), we make sure it is convenient for you.
9．Surfing the Internet has indeed brought us a lot of ________ (益处)．
10．The authorities have taken ________ (严厉的) measures to ensure network safety.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．We make sure that everyone has access ________ the Internet and knows how to use new technology.
2．When you go ________ tough times, you meet others who are facing similar challenges.
3．Bikes can be rented ________ using online apps—no need for paperwork or cash payment.
4．No matter ________ far away you are, you can keep yourself accompany by families and friends through the Internet.
5．Do you intend to pay online or ________ cash
6．We can get the most ________ (update) information from large databases.
7．There are articles ________ (tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient.
8．We no longer have to wait in line or carry cash around when we go ________ (shop)．
9．She also joined a bloggers' group ________ she could talk about her problems.
10．She was so ________ (inspire) by the people she met online that she decided to start a fight back cyberbully.
Ⅲ.短语填空
keep pany， have access to， now that， go through， in the distance， inspired by， donate...to charity， be convenient for， in cash， for convenience
1．I think this app ________________ me to shop online.
2．The author has ________________ so many hardships that he has written such a good blog post.
3．________________ you have downloaded the software, why not install it immediately
4．Many rich people have ________________ a large sum of money ________________ through unknown account.
5．The residents in my town would like to pay online rather than ________________.
6．It seems that she is stuck at home with only her computer to ________________.
7．I ________________ free Wi-Fi, so it is convenient for me to download some apps and documents from the network.
8．________________ the real life, the author wrote a book Guidelines and Tips for Residents' Lives.
9．If you can see something ________________， that is, you can see it far away from you.
10．________________， the photos and images will be shown in time order.
·学科素养提升·
Ⅳ.短文语法填空
The computer is widely used in our daily life. The computer is a machine that 1.________ (design) to help people do many things. When it first came into 2.________ (be), it was just a calculating machine, and later it was built as an analytical machine that could “think” logically and produce an answer 3.________ (fast) than any person. Still later, the computer could be made to work as a “universal machine” to solve any difficult mathematical problems. There were times when its size was 4.________ (total) changed. It became smaller and smaller but it got cleverer and cleverer. In the early 1960s, computers were connected by a network and brought into common people's homes 5.________ (deal) with information and help communicate 6.________ people around the world. It could share 7.________ (inform) with others and they could talk to each other. The Internet has become 8.________ important part in our life and we can do many things with the help of the Internet. The computer is used to connect people 9.________ aren't close enough to speak to each other. It has been serving the human race since 10.________ (it) birth.
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
语篇细研·教材精读
Ⅱ.
1．D　2.C　3.B　4.D　5.A
知识探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．①it is convenient for you 　②for convenience　③at your convenience　④inconvenient　⑤to/for　⑥convenience　⑦It
2．①on　②to update　③updated　④update their knowledge
3．①in cash　②in cash　③cashing in　④with　⑤for
4．①stuck　②in　③to　④got/was stuck in
5．①of great benefit to　②benefit from　③for the benefit of　④to　⑤for　⑥from　⑦beneficial
6．①at　②from　③distance　④in the distance　⑤kept him at a distance/kept their distance from him
7．①were inspired　②inspiration　③with　in　④inspiring　to study
⑤inspires you to do　⑥inspired me with　inspired confidence in
8．①to　②accessed　③accessible　④to　⑤get/have access to　
⑥be accessible to
9．①困难的　②坚强的　③严厉的　④on　⑤tougher　⑥meet with tough challenges　⑦be too tough on
10．①plus　②plus　③plus　④plus/added to　⑤plus　⑥plus　⑦pluses
第二版块|重要短语
1．①with　②in　③be accompanied　④to　⑤keep my parents company
2．①Now that　②Now that you want to lose weight　③Now that you have finished your work　④Now that I am free
3．①apply for　②apply to　③apply yourself to
4．①has　②is regarded
5．①仔细检查　②完成　③用完　④通过　⑤经历　⑥for　⑦down
⑧up　⑨through　⑩ahead　 by　 against　 through
第三版块|典型句式
1．①rising　②marking　③leading　④grown　⑤studying　⑥saying
2．①following　②left　③to do　④With all the work finished　
⑤With a lot of problems to settle　⑥with his assistant following him
3．①whatever　②Whatever　③whatever　④whatever/no matter what　⑤Whenever/No matter when　⑥whenever/no matter when
⑦However/No matter how
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．charity　2.access　3.cash　4.inspires　5.distance　6.downloads
7．updated　8.software　9.benefits　10.tough
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．to　2.through　3.by　4.how　5.in　6.updated　7.telling
8．shopping　9.where　10.inspired
Ⅲ.短语填空
1．is convenient for　2.gone through　3.Now that　4.donated　to charity　5.in cash　6.keep her company　7.have access to　
8．Inspired by　9.in the distance　10.For convenience
Ⅳ.短文语法填空
【语篇解读】　主题：人与社会(科学与技术)；话题：计算机的发展史。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了计算机的发展历史。
1．答案与解析：was designed　先行词是a machine, that引导的定语从句中，关系词替代先行词，a machine与design之间是被动关系，用被动语态，表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态was designed。
2．答案与解析：being　come into being产生。
3．答案与解析：faster　根据than any person可知用比较级faster。
4．答案与解析：totally　该空修饰动词changed，用副词totally。
5．答案与解析：to deal　不定式短语to deal with...作目的状语。
6．答案与解析：between　根据语境“在20世纪60年代早期，计算机通过网络连接起来，并走进普通人的家里处理信息，帮助世界各地的人们进行交流”可知，空格处表示“在……之间”，所以填between。
7．答案与解析：information　名词information作share的宾语。
8．答案与解析：an　句意：互联网已经成为我们生活中重要的一部分，在互联网的帮助下，我们可以做很多事情。文中泛指“一个重要的部分”，important的读音以元音音素开头，所以填不定冠词an。
9．答案与解析：who/that　先行词是people, who/that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，指人。
10．答案与解析：its　句意：它自诞生以来就一直在为人类服务。此处表示“它的诞生”，用形容词性物主代词，所以填its。
29(共23张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
语法精讲·难点透析
第一版块|核心单词
1.function n．功能；作用；机能　vi.起作用；正常工作；运转
(教材P30)They've built a kind of new PC with more functions.他们制造了一种功能更多的新电脑。
the function of a policeman 警察的职责
the function of a clock 钟表的功能
the function of the heart 心脏的功能
perform/serve vital function 起重要作用
function as 起……作用；具有……功能
function as a mobile phone 具有移动电话的功能
联想拓展：
perform/fulfill a(n)．..function履行……职责，发挥……作用
perform a variety of functions履行多种职责
function well/normally运转良好/正常
In your new job you will perform a variety of functions.
在新的工作岗位上，你将要履行许多不同的职责。
The sofa also functions as a bed.这沙发还可当床用。
Flights in and out of Taipei are functioning normally again.
进出台北的航班又恢复正常了。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Compared to the traditional ones, they have three new unique ________ (function)．
②Although the electricity was cut off, the hospital continued to ________________ (正常运转)．
③To put it another way, his advice __________ (起……作用) part of the solution.
functions
function normally
functions as
2.confirm vt.确认；使确信；证实；证明；批准　confirmation n．证实；确认书；证明书
(教材P30)Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password？你确认Wi-Fi密码了吗？
confirm that/wh- 证实……
It has been confirmed that... 已经证实……
confirm sb. in sth. 使某人确信某事
confirm sb. as sth. 任命某人担任某职位
What you have said confirms my prediction.你的话证实了我的预测。
It has been confirmed that people are more likely to get ill under pressure.
已经证实，人们在压力下更容易生病。
The latest evidence confirmed us in his idea.最新的证据证实了他的观点。
He was confirmed as captain for the rest of the season.
他被正式任命在这个赛季剩下的时间内担任队长。
Before choices are finalised, parents/carers will be asked to sign to confirm their child's choices.在最终决定之前，家长/照料者将被要求签字确认他们孩子的选择。
He proved (to be) a great writer.
事实证明他是一位优秀的作家。/他证明是一位优秀的作家。
词语辨析：confirm与prove
(1)confirm和prove均可作及物动词，后接宾语；
(2)prove还可作连系动词用，意为“证明是，被发现是”，后接形容词或名词作表语，常用固定搭配是prove (to be)＋adj./n.。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①It __________ (confirm) by experience that this is the right approach to the command of grammar.
②The official ________ (confirm) that the paintings were originals and worth as much as $50 million.
③His words confirmed me ________ my belief that our cause was right.
④The President confirmed him ________ Secretary of State.
⑤_____________________ (已经证实) it was the driver's carelessness that resulted in the terrible accident.
⑥We ____________________ (证实了那则报道)．
is confirmed
confirmed
in
as
It has been confirmed that
have confirmed the report
3.press vt.按；压；敦促　pressure n．压力
(教材P30)Have you pressed the button yet to copy the file？你按下按钮复制文件了吗？
press against sth. 紧贴着某物
press...against/on... 把……按在……上
press a button/switch/key 按下按钮/开关；按键
The shoes press against my toes.这双鞋压着我的脚趾。
Press the button, then the machine will work.按下电钮，机器就能转动了。
词语拓展：
be under pressure to do sth.面临做某事的压力
put pressure on sb.给某人施加压力
blood pressure血压
reduce pressure减轻压力
give in to pressure屈服于压力
under pressure to resign被迫辞职的压力
deal with pressure应对压力
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①In recent years, stress has been regarded as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood ________ (press) to mental illness.
②Michael took a few steps backwards and pressed his back ________ the wall.
③I'm ____________ (处于压力下) from my parents to become a teacher.
④The company may have ________________ (对……施加压力) her to agree.
pressure
against/on
under pressure
put pressure on
第二版块|单元语法——现在完成时的被动语态
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
1．Wildlife ________________ (threaten) greatly in the modern age. There are species (物种) that are disappearing every day.
2．A 90-year-old ________________ (award) “Woman Of The Year” for being Britain's oldest full-time employee — still working 40 hours a week.
3．While much of the debate so far _____________ (focus) on the safety of driverless cars (and rightfully so), policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions (排放) and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options.
4．Use a fire extinguisher only if you ______________ (train) to do so.
has been threatened
has been awarded
has been focused
have been trained
5．Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music ____________ (lose)．
6．Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement ______________ (reach) so far by the two sides.
7．We won't start the work until all the preparations ________________ (make)．
8．Sarah __________________ (tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year.
9．He's the only student in the class that ______________ (select) to take part in the Model United Nations conference.
10．In the last few years thousands of films ________________ (produce) all over the world.
has been lost
has been reached
have been made
has been told/was told
has been selected
have been produced
Ⅰ.现在完成时的被动语态的2个用法
1．表示动作已经完成，强调对现在造成的影响或结果，经常与一些副词连用，如：already，ever，never，recently，lately，just，yet等，通常把这些副词放在助动词have或has的后面，有时候也可以放在句末。
Tom's novel has not been published yet.汤姆的小说还没有出版。
2．表示一直持续到现在的动作或状态，经常与for a time，since，how long，so far等表示一段时间的时间状语连用。
The child has been taken care of by grandma all these years.
这些年来，孩子一直由奶奶照看。
【名师点津】
现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，就是have/has和been，这两个都是助动词，缺一不可。
Ⅱ.现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别
一般过去时的被动语态表示的是一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，它的结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态，动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但强调这个动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。
*The house was built last year.
这个房子是去年建造的。
*The house has been built. We can move in.
这个房子已经建好了。我们可以搬进去。
Ⅲ.几点注意事项
1．由finish，buy，start，begin，post，return，borrow，marry，open等词构成的现在完成时的被动语态，不能与表示一段时间的状语(如：for four days，how long等)连用，而要改换动词或者是时态。试比较：
*How long has this book been bought？(×)
*How long ago was this book bought？(√)
2．短语动词不能分割，而且不能省略短语动词中的介词或副词。试比较：
*The patient has been taken good care.(×)
*The patient has been taken good care of.(√)
3．并不是所有的动词都有被动语态。如：happen，occur，take place，break out，belong to，cost，last等不及物动词或词组，就没有被动语态。试比较：
*Some of the best conversations have ever been happened around the dinner table.(×)
*Some of the best conversations have ever happened around the dinner table.(√)
课时达标·随堂自测
·基础知识自测·
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．A great many machines ________________ (produce) by the factory since the technological revolution.
2．Great changes _________ (take) place in my hometown and a lot of factories ___________ (set) up in the past ten years.
3．In the last few years, thousands of films ________________ (produce) all over the world.
4．Up to now, a lot of high-rise buildings ____________ (build) in our city.
5．Over the past three years, more than $10 million ________________ (spend) carrying out the project.
have been produced
have taken
have been set
have been produced
have been built
has been spent
6．The robots _____________ (use) to help humans do some dangerous work since the late 1990s.
7．The English song _____________ (sing) for many years, but we still like it.
8．Professor Yang ____________ (invite) to the film festival twice so far.
9．Over time I ________________ (change) quite a lot.
10．It ____________ (use) in offices and homes since the 1970s.
have been used
has been sung
has been invited
have been changed
has been used
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．We have sent some rockets to space to explore the Moon and Mars.
Some rockets ____________ to space by us to explore the Moon and Mars.
2．Robert has bought an iPhone using his own money.
An iPhone _____________ by Robert using his own money.
3．The famous company has given the computers away to those high schools.
The computers ___________________ by the famous company to those high schools.
have been sent
has been bought
have been given away
4．The local government has chosen the university to organize the training course.
The university ______________ by the local government to organize the training course.
5．They haven't told me that the meeting will be put off until next Friday.
I ______________ that the meeting will be put off until next Friday.
6．People use bamboo in many different ways for thousands of years.
Bamboo ____________ in many different ways for thousands of years.
has been chosen
haven't been told
has been usedSection Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
第一版块|核心单词
1.function n．功能；作用；机能　vi.起作用；正常工作；运转
(教材P30)They've built a kind of new PC with more functions.他们制造了一种功能更多的新电脑。
the function of a policeman 警察的职责
the function of a clock 钟表的功能
the function of the heart 心脏的功能
perform/serve vital function 起重要作用
function as 起……作用；具有……功能
function as a mobile phone 具有移动电话的功能
In your new job you will perform a variety of functions.
在新的工作岗位上，你将要履行许多不同的职责。
The sofa also functions as a bed.这沙发还可当床用。
Flights in and out of Taipei are functioning normally again.
进出台北的航班又恢复正常了。
联想拓展：
perform/fulfill a(n)．..function履行……职责，发挥……作用
perform a variety of functions履行多种职责
function well/normally运转良好/正常
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Compared to the traditional ones, they have three new unique ________ (function)．
②Although the electricity was cut off, the hospital continued to ________________ (正常运转)．
③To put it another way, his advice ________________ (起……作用) part of the solution.
2.confirm vt.确认；使确信；证实；证明；批准　confirmation n．证实；确认书；证明书
(教材P30)Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password？你确认Wi-Fi密码了吗？
confirm that/wh- 证实……
It has been confirmed that... 已经证实……
confirm sb. in sth. 使某人确信某事
confirm sb. as sth. 任命某人担任某职位
What you have said confirms my prediction.你的话证实了我的预测。
It has been confirmed that people are more likely to get ill under pressure.
已经证实，人们在压力下更容易生病。
The latest evidence confirmed us in his idea.最新的证据证实了他的观点。
He was confirmed as captain for the rest of the season.
他被正式任命在这个赛季剩下的时间内担任队长。
Before choices are finalised, parents/carers will be asked to sign to confirm their child's choices.在最终决定之前，家长/照料者将被要求签字确认他们孩子的选择。
He proved (to be) a great writer.
事实证明他是一位优秀的作家。/他证明是一位优秀的作家。
词语辨析：confirm与prove
(1)confirm和prove均可作及物动词，后接宾语；
(2)prove还可作连系动词用，意为“证明是，被发现是”，后接形容词或名词作表语，常用固定搭配是prove (to be)＋adj./n.。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①It ________ (confirm) by experience that this is the right approach to the command of grammar.
②The official ________ (confirm) that the paintings were originals and worth as much as $50 million.
③His words confirmed me ________ my belief that our cause was right.
④The President confirmed him ________ Secretary of State.
⑤________________________ (已经证实) it was the driver's carelessness that resulted in the terrible accident.
⑥We ________________________ (证实了那则报道)．
3.press vt.按；压；敦促　pressure n．压力
(教材P30)Have you pressed the button yet to copy the file？你按下按钮复制文件了吗？
press against sth. 紧贴着某物
press...against/on... 把……按在……上
press a button/switch/key 按下按钮/开关；按键
The shoes press against my toes.这双鞋压着我的脚趾。
Press the button, then the machine will work.按下电钮，机器就能转动了。
词语拓展：
be under pressure to do sth.面临做某事的压力
put pressure on sb.给某人施加压力
blood pressure血压
reduce pressure减轻压力
give in to pressure屈服于压力
under pressure to resign被迫辞职的压力
deal with pressure应对压力
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①In recent years, stress has been regarded as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood ________ (press) to mental illness.
②Michael took a few steps backwards and pressed his back ________ the wall.
③I'm ________________ (处于压力下) from my parents to become a teacher.
④The company may have ________________ (对……施加压力) her to agree.
第二版块|单元语法——现在完成时的被动语态
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
1．Wildlife ________________ (threaten) greatly in the modern age. There are species (物种) that are disappearing every day.
2．A 90-year-old ________________ (award) “Woman Of The Year” for being Britain's oldest full-time employee — still working 40 hours a week.
3．While much of the debate so far ________________ (focus) on the safety of driverless cars (and rightfully so), policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions (排放) and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options.
4．Use a fire extinguisher only if you ______________ (train) to do so.
5．Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music ________________ (lose)．
6．Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement ________________ (reach) so far by the two sides.
7．We won't start the work until all the preparations ________________ (make)．
8．Sarah ________________ (tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year.
9．He's the only student in the class that ________________ (select) to take part in the Model United Nations conference.
10．In the last few years thousands of films ________________ (produce) all over the world.
Ⅰ.现在完成时的被动语态的2个用法
1．表示动作已经完成，强调对现在造成的影响或结果，经常与一些副词连用，如：already，ever，never，recently，lately，just，yet等，通常把这些副词放在助动词have或has的后面，有时候也可以放在句末。
Tom's novel has not been published yet.汤姆的小说还没有出版。
2．表示一直持续到现在的动作或状态，经常与for a time，since，how long，so far等表示一段时间的时间状语连用。
The child has been taken care of by grandma all these years.
这些年来，孩子一直由奶奶照看。
【名师点津】
现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，就是have/has和been，这两个都是助动词，缺一不可。
Ⅱ.现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别
一般过去时的被动语态表示的是一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，它的结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态，动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但强调这个动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。
*The house was built last year.
这个房子是去年建造的。
*The house has been built. We can move in.
这个房子已经建好了。我们可以搬进去。
Ⅲ.几点注意事项
1．由finish，buy，start，begin，post，return，borrow，marry，open等词构成的现在完成时的被动语态，不能与表示一段时间的状语(如：for four days，how long等)连用，而要改换动词或者是时态。试比较：
*How long has this book been bought？(×)
*How long ago was this book bought？(√)
2．短语动词不能分割，而且不能省略短语动词中的介词或副词。试比较：
*The patient has been taken good care.(×)
*The patient has been taken good care of.(√)
3．并不是所有的动词都有被动语态。如：happen，occur，take place，break out，belong to，cost，last等不及物动词或词组，就没有被动语态。试比较：
*Some of the best conversations have ever been happened around the dinner table.(×)
*Some of the best conversations have ever happened around the dinner table.(√)
·基础知识自测·
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．A great many machines ________________ (produce) by the factory since the technological revolution.
2．Great changes ________ (take) place in my hometown and a lot of factories ________ (set) up in the past ten years.
3．In the last few years, thousands of films ________________ (produce) all over the world.
4．Up to now, a lot of high-rise buildings ________________ (build) in our city.
5．Over the past three years, more than $10 million ________________ (spend) carrying out the project.
6．The robots ________________ (use) to help humans do some dangerous work since the late 1990s.
7．The English song ________________ (sing) for many years, but we still like it.
8．Professor Yang ________________ (invite) to the film festival twice so far.
9．Over time I ________________ (change) quite a lot.
10．It ________________ (use) in offices and homes since the 1970s.
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．We have sent some rockets to space to explore the Moon and Mars.
Some rockets ________________ to space by us to explore the Moon and Mars.
2．Robert has bought an iPhone using his own money.
An iPhone ________________ by Robert using his own money.
3．The famous company has given the computers away to those high schools.
The computers ________________ by the famous company to those high schools.
4．The local government has chosen the university to organize the training course.
The university ________________ by the local government to organize the training course.
5．They haven't told me that the meeting will be put off until next Friday.
I ________________ that the meeting will be put off until next Friday.
6．People use bamboo in many different ways for thousands of years.
Bamboo ________________ in many different ways for thousands of years.
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
语法精讲·难点透析
第一版块|核心词汇
1．①functions　②function normally　③functions as
2．①is confirmed　②confirmed　③in　④as　⑤It has been confirmed that　⑥have confirmed the report
3．①pressure　②against/on　③under pressure　④put pressure on
第二版块|单元语法
[即学即练]
1．has been threatened　2.has been awarded　3.has been focused　
4．have been trained　5.has been lost　6.has been reached　7.have been made　8.has been told/was told　9.has been selected　10.have been produced
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．have been produced　2.have taken　have been set　3.have been produced　4.have been built　5.has been spent　6.have been used　7.has been sung　8.has been invited　9.have been changed　10.has been used
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．have been sent　2.has been bought　3.have been given away
4．has been chosen　5.haven't been told　6.has been used
7(共11张PPT)
Section Ⅴ　Writing——如何写与
网络安全相关的博客
互联网早已成为日常生活的重要部分并深刻影响着人们的社交、自我表现、心理状况等诸多方面，因此，人们更应该重视个人信息保护等网络安全问题。本单元通过对互联网利弊的探究，针对网络安全的相关内容以博客的形式提出建议。这些建议包括人们在使用互联网时应注意的事项，并就不明智举动给予劝勉或告诫。
以相关主题写作时，要先介绍存在的问题及其不良影响，然后阐述个人观点并给出建议。在提建议时，要做到条理清楚、逻辑严密，所提建议应有较大的实际价值。另外要注意语气委婉、中肯，切忌粗鲁、生硬。
【常用表达】
1．开头句：引出问题/话题
Nowadays, ... has become a serious problem.
Recently, the problem of... has aroused people's concern.
A number of people seem to think that...
It is said that...
It is quite obvious that...
A recent survey has found that...
I am writing to express my views concerning...
2．过渡句：承上启下
I have gone through some terrible experiences online...
There are some suggestions for...
I would like to suggest/recommend that...
I think it would be more beneficial if you could...
When it comes to such a situation, I would like to suggest that you...
As to..., I suggest that you should...
3．结尾句：礼貌表达
I hope you will find these suggestions/recommendations helpful/practical/useful.
I trust you will take my suggestion into account.
I would be more than happy to see improvements in this regard.
[书面表达]
随着社会的发展和互联网的普及，许多不文明用语也在网上流传开来。假定你是李华，最近学校网站正在征集英文建议，请你就“网络不文明用语”话题写一篇英文博客，内容要点如下：
1．现状；
2．危害(损害网络环境，影响身心健康等)；
3．提出建议(远离不文明用语，共创网络文明环境等)。
注意：词数80左右。
参考词汇：网络环境the Internet environment，不文明的uncivilized
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
[教你审题]
本篇属于应用文，要求学生用英语写一篇博客。
第一步：根据提示确定内容要点；
第二步：根据写作要求确定关键词(词组)；
第三步：根据提示要点以及关键词进行遣词造句，注意时态、语态、人称；
第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的过渡词、连接词，使文章衔接自然，注意书写规范。

[名师指津]
本篇作文包含了所有的要点，结构清晰，语句连续，点出了问题的严重性并提出了合理建议。
【1】交代问题产生的背景。
【2】非限制性定语从句的运用强调了网络不文明现象的恶劣影响。
【3】加强了文章的逻辑性与连贯性。
【4】分条陈述建议，使得文章结构更加清晰、内容更加完整。
【5】以祈使句表达对未来的美好愿景及倡议。
[范文展示]
With the development of society, more and more people become lost in the Internet and like chatting online. 【1】 As a result, lots of uncivilized words come into being, which does great harm to our society 【2】. On one hand 【3】， they damage the Internet environment. On the other hand 【3】， they influence teenagers' physical and mental health, which will have a bad effect on their development.
As high school students, we need to take measures to solve the problem. Firstly 【4】， we should call for our classmates and friends to keep away from uncivilized words and express our ideas politely. Secondly 【4】， we should report this problem to the government to ask for some help. Let's work together to create a better network atmosphere. 【5】

[写作训练]
假定你是李华，是某中学学生。请你根据以下倡议书的内容写一篇英文博客，谈谈作为中学生如何履行网络文明公约。
倡议书
为了创造良好的网络环境，我提倡大家文明上网，做文明网民。
1．浏览正规网站，拒绝不良信息；
2．合理安排时间，不沉迷于网络；
3．友好聊天，不侵犯他人隐私。
让我们共同携手，让网络更好地为我们的学习和生活服务。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．开头已经给出，但不计入总词数。
参考词汇：网络环境network environment，文明网民civilized netizen
Everyone，
I am Li Hua. _______________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Everyone，
I am Li Hua. In order to create a favorable network environment, I think we should be civilized netizens. Therefore, first we should only visit regular websites and refuse harmful information. Second, we ought to make good use of our time and not to become addicted to the Internet. Third, we should be friendly to our e pals and respect each other's privacy.
It is our duty to do what we can to make sure the Internet plays a positive part in our study and life.Section Ⅴ　Writing——如何写与网络安全相关的博客
互联网早已成为日常生活的重要部分并深刻影响着人们的社交、自我表现、心理状况等诸多方面，因此，人们更应该重视个人信息保护等网络安全问题。本单元通过对互联网利弊的探究，针对网络安全的相关内容以博客的形式提出建议。这些建议包括人们在使用互联网时应注意的事项，并就不明智举动给予劝勉或告诫。
以相关主题写作时，要先介绍存在的问题及其不良影响，然后阐述个人观点并给出建议。在提建议时，要做到条理清楚、逻辑严密，所提建议应有较大的实际价值。另外要注意语气委婉、中肯，切忌粗鲁、生硬。
【常用表达】
1．开头句：引出问题/话题
Nowadays, ... has become a serious problem.
Recently, the problem of... has aroused people's concern.
A number of people seem to think that...
It is said that...
It is quite obvious that...
A recent survey has found that...
I am writing to express my views concerning...
2．过渡句：承上启下
I have gone through some terrible experiences online...
There are some suggestions for...
I would like to suggest/recommend that...
I think it would be more beneficial if you could...
When it comes to such a situation, I would like to suggest that you...
As to..., I suggest that you should...
3．结尾句：礼貌表达
I hope you will find these suggestions/recommendations helpful/practical/useful.
I trust you will take my suggestion into account.
I would be more than happy to see improvements in this regard.
[书面表达]
随着社会的发展和互联网的普及，许多不文明用语也在网上流传开来。假定你是李华，最近学校网站正在征集英文建议，请你就“网络不文明用语”话题写一篇英文博客，内容要点如下：
1．现状；
2．危害(损害网络环境，影响身心健康等)；
3．提出建议(远离不文明用语，共创网络文明环境等)。
注意：词数80左右。
参考词汇：网络环境the Internet environment，不文明的uncivilized
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[教你审题]
本篇属于应用文，要求学生用英语写一篇博客。
第一步：根据提示确定内容要点；
第二步：根据写作要求确定关键词(词组)；
第三步：根据提示要点以及关键词进行遣词造句，注意时态、语态、人称；
第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的过渡词、连接词，使文章衔接自然，注意书写规范。
[名师指津]
本篇作文包含了所有的要点，结构清晰，语句连续，点出了问题的严重性并提出了合理建议。
【1】交代问题产生的背景。
【2】非限制性定语从句的运用强调了网络不文明现象的恶劣影响。
【3】加强了文章的逻辑性与连贯性。
【4】分条陈述建议，使得文章结构更加清晰、内容更加完整。
【5】以祈使句表达对未来的美好愿景及倡议。
[范文展示]
With the development of society, more and more people become lost in the Internet and like chatting online. 【1】 As a result, lots of uncivilized words come into being, which does great harm to our society 【2】. On one hand 【3】， they damage the Internet environment. On the other hand 【3】， they influence teenagers' physical and mental health, which will have a bad effect on their development.
As high school students, we need to take measures to solve the problem. Firstly 【4】， we should call for our classmates and friends to keep away from uncivilized words and express our ideas politely. Secondly 【4】， we should report this problem to the government to ask for some help. Let's work together to create a better network atmosphere. 【5】
[写作训练]
假定你是李华，是某中学学生。请你根据以下倡议书的内容写一篇英文博客，谈谈作为中学生如何履行网络文明公约。
倡议书
为了创造良好的网络环境，我提倡大家文明上网，做文明网民。
1．浏览正规网站，拒绝不良信息；
2．合理安排时间，不沉迷于网络；
3．友好聊天，不侵犯他人隐私。
让我们共同携手，让网络更好地为我们的学习和生活服务。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．开头已经给出，但不计入总词数。
参考词汇：网络环境network environment，文明网民civilized netizen
Everyone，
I am Li Hua. _____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Section Ⅴ　Writing
One possible version：
Everyone，
I am Li Hua. In order to create a favorable network environment, I think we should be civilized netizens. Therefore, first we should only visit regular websites and refuse harmful information. Second, we ought to make good use of our time and not to become addicted to the Internet. Third, we should be friendly to our e pals and respect each other's privacy.
It is our duty to do what we can to make sure the Internet plays a positive part in our study and life.
4Section Ⅳ　Listening and Talking, Reading for Writing & Assessing Your Progress
[课文内容]
Today I thought I'd blog about a question that has been asked many times — how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet I'm not an expert, but many years as a blogger have taught me a thing or two 【1】．
【1】many years as a blogger为无生命名词作主语，其后的谓语动词用了复数形式，是为了强调many years的复数意义。
First of all, there's the golden rule① of the Internet: If you see or read something that makes you feel uncomfortable, leave the site immediately. Don't post comments or click② on anything. Second, protect your privacy③. Don't give out your address or phone number. Someone might use the information to steal your identity. Identity theft④ is a common and serious problem. Third, be polite. Being online is no excuse for being rude⑤， and you don't want to become a target⑥ for a troll or cyberbully. A troll is a person who posts comments or questions in order to stir up trouble online. Trolls often use several false names so that they can stay on a site. A cyberbully uses the Internet to be mean⑦ to others. Like a troll, a cyberbully will also write something mean but it is usually directed at particular⑧ people. He or she may also post embarrassing⑨ photos and information about those people. However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked 【2】．
【2】此处为“the＋比较级(＋主句＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主句＋谓语)”结构，表示“越……，越……”。
Have you had any bad experiences online, or do you have some good advice for staying safe Post your comments below!
Boy579　Last year, we were having problems in our chat room. Mean comments were being posted by someone we didn't know. I think he or she was only trying to make trouble.
Amy　A girl at my school had a very bad experience online. A photo of her had been posted online and she was being made fun of⑩. It seemed like a joke at first, but the girl was very upset .
[词语积累]
①golden rule [usually sing.]黄金法则；重要原则
②click/kl k/vt.& vi.点击；(使)发出咔嗒声 n．(对计算机鼠标的)点按；咔嗒声
③privacy/'pr v si；NAmE 'pra v-/n.[U]隐私；私密；独处，清静
each individual's right to privacy每个人的隐私权
private adj.私人的；秘密的
④theft/θeft/n.偷(窃)；盗窃罪
identity theft n．身份盗窃(利用别人的名字、个人信息等获得信用卡、其他物品或从别人的账户中提取现金等)
⑤rude/ru d/adj.粗鲁的；无礼的；粗糙的；原始的
[近义]impolite adj.无礼的
[反义]polite adj.有礼貌的，客气的
⑥target/'tɑ ɡ t/n.目标；对象；靶子
⑦mean adj.[熟词生义](人或其行为)不善良的，刻薄的
be mean to sb.对某人刻薄
⑧particular/p 't kj l (r)/adj.特定的；特别的；讲究的
[近义]specific adj.具体的，特定的，特有的
⑨embarrassing/ m'b r s /adj.使人害羞的(或难堪的、惭愧的)
⑩make fun of取笑；戏弄
upset/ p'set/adj.心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的
[文化采风]
如何防范网络欺凌
1．青少年层面
①增强个人隐私保护意识，不轻易在网络上泄露真实信息和联络方式
②对网络上的言语欺凌等不予回应
③留存短信、QQ留言和聊天记录等信息，日后作证据
2．学校层面
①制订干预机制，对青少年进行网络道德教育，提倡“文明上网”，明确上网礼仪
②针对一些学生害怕被报复的心理，学校应明确规定学生报告后可以获得的支持和学校应采取的措施
③开展网上安全教育和同情心教育，帮助学生提高判断是非的能力和关心他人、同情弱者的意识
3．家长层面
①加强对子女的关怀，多了解子女的校园生活及交友情况
②加强与子女的交流和沟通，并关注子女的情绪、行为及心理健康
[课文释译]
今天我想写一篇博客，讨论一个被问过很多次的问题——如何保证线上安全，避免糟糕的互联网体验？我不是专家，但多年的博客生涯还是教会了我一两件事。
首先，互联网的黄金法则是：如果你看到或读到让你感到不舒服的东西，立刻离开这个网站。不要发表评论或点击任何东西。第二，保护你的隐私。不要泄露你的地址或电话号码。有人可能会利用这些信息盗用你的身份。身份盗窃是一个常见而且严重的问题。第三，要有礼貌。在网上并不能成为无礼的借口，你也不想成为发挑衅帖子的人或网络恶霸的欺凌对象。发挑衅帖子的人指的是为了在网上挑起事端而发布评论或问题的人。他们经常使用几个假名字以便停留在同一个网站。网络恶霸使用互联网来欺负别人。与发挑衅帖子的人一样，网络恶霸也会写一些刻薄的话，但常常是针对特定的人。他或她也可能发布一些关于这些人出丑的照片和信息。但是，你越有礼貌，你被攻击的可能性就越小。
你在网络上有过糟糕的经历吗？或者你有什么关于保证安全的好建议吗？请在下方留言！
Boy579'去年，我们在聊天室遇到了一些问题。一个我们不认识的人发布了一些刻薄的评论。我想他或她纯粹是想找麻烦。
Amy'我校有一名女孩在网上有一次很糟糕的经历。她的一张照片被发布在网上，被大家取笑。起初这看起来像是玩笑，但那名女孩很难过。
Ⅰ.课文结构图示
Ⅱ.根据课文内容选择正确答案
1．What does the writer tell the reader in Paragraph 1
A．Definition of online safety.
B．The writer's knowledge of the Internet.
C．The topic of the post.
D．How to avoid the bad experiences on the Internet.
2．Who are the online troublemakers the blog post mentions
A．A person who often uses false name.
B．A person who posts comments or questions so as to make trouble online.
C．A person who often uses the Internet to be rude to others.
D．All the above.
3．What is a troll, according to the passage
A．A person who posts comments or questions.
B．A person who uses several false names.
C．A person who posts photos and information online.
D．A person who writes something mean to stir up trouble online.
4．What's the main idea of the blog post
A．A bad experience on the Internet.
B．Some advice on how to make comments on the Internet.
C．Some tips on how to become a good blogger.
D．Some tips on how to surf the Internet safely.
第一版块|核心单词
1．discount n．折扣　vt.打折
(教材P31)Laura needs an app that will help her get discounts.
劳拉需要一个能帮她打折的应用程序。
at a discount 以打折的价格
get/give/offer a discount (on sth.) (在某物上)得到/给予/提供折扣
offer/give sb. a discount 给某人打折
sell the books at a discount 打折售书
a discount store/shop 折扣店
discount price/fare 折扣价/折扣票
a 10% discount 九折
discount sth. at... 某物打……折出售
They gave a discount for cash payment.现金付款，他们给予折扣。
The composer bought the dress at a discount of 60%.
作曲家以四折的价格买下了那件连衣裙。
Obviously they are selling everything at a discount.
很明显，他们销售的所有商品都在打折。
误区警示：
英文discount指减去的百分比，中文“折扣”指余下的百分比。
九折：10% discount
八折：20% discount
名师点津：
(1)offer sb. sth.＝offer sth. to sb.向某人主动提供某物
(2)offer oneself as...毛遂自荐作……
(3)offer to do sth.主动提出做某事
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I kept my mother company to buy a dress ________ a discount of 60% for my daughter.
②Jordan Axani, 28, said he and his then girlfriend, Elizabeth Gallagher, booked heavily ________ (discount) round-the-world air tickets in May...
③I can give you ________ small discount.
④These goods will be sold ________ a discount.
⑤My aunt is good at bargaining and she always buys things ________________________ (打折)．
⑥They are offering __________________________ (九折) on all sofas this month.
⑦We'll __________________________ (享有折扣) if we pay before the fifteenth of the month.
2.account n．账户；描述；说明；理由　vi. & vt.认为；说明；总计有
(教材P31)Laura needs an app that will add money to her bank account.劳拉需要一个应用程序，可以把钱添加到她的银行账户。
open/close an account 开立/结清账户
give an account of 描述
on account 记账；以赊账的方式
account for 是……的原因；解释；(数量上、比例上)占
account sb./sth. (to be)．.. 认为某人/某事物……
归纳拓展：
take...into account/take account of...考虑到，顾及；体谅
on account of因为，由于
on no account决不，绝对不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)
I've opened an account with that bank.我在那家银行开了一个账户。
He was too shocked to give an account of what had happened in the disaster.
他太震惊了，不愿讲述灾难中发生的事情。
The bad weather may have accounted for the delay of the flight.
天气不好可能是这次航班延误的原因。
She couldn't account for her spying on me.她无法解释监视我的原因。
Teenagers account for the main part of the organization.
青少年是这个组织的主要组成部分。
The event was accounted (to be) a failure.人们认为这次活动是失败的。
He accounted me (to be) a success.他认为我是个成功者。
知识小结：英语中表示“占……比例”的表达：
1．make up××%
2．occupy××%
3．account for××%
4．take up××%
如：一句多译
在我们的员工中，女性占60%
①Women make up 60% of our employees.
②Women occupy 60% of our employees.
③Women account for 60% of our employees.
④Women take up 60% of our employees.
即学即练　写出句中account的含义/完成句子
①The two accounts of the accident do not agree.________________
②He has to account to the chairman for how he spends the company's money.________________
③Tom accounts himself (to be) lucky.________________
④It is parents' absence from family that ________________________ (是……的原因) the children's unhappiness.
⑤It is said that body language ________________________ (占) 55 percent of a first impression while what you say just 7 percent.
⑥I ________________________ (开账户) after I made $1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.
⑦The policeman ________________________ (描述) the traffic accident.
⑧We should ________________________ (考虑) the requests of our customers.
3.rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的　rudeness n．粗鲁；无礼　rudely adv.无礼地，粗暴地
(教材P32)Being online is no excuse for being rude, and you don't want to become a target for a troll or cyberbully.上网并不是粗鲁的借口，你也不想成为网络流氓或网络恶霸的目标。
be rude to sb. 对某人粗鲁/无礼
It is rude to do sth. 做某事是粗鲁的。
It is rude (of sb.) to do sth. (某人)做某事是无礼的。
be rude in manner＝be in a rude manner 举止粗鲁
rude behaviour/reply/words (remarks) 粗鲁的举止/答复/言语(评论)
The champion was rude to the teenager.冠军对那个少年很粗鲁。
It is rude to shout at people.嘲着人大声喊是粗鲁的。
It is rude of the people to carve words on the cultural relics.
在文物上刻字是粗鲁的行为。
归纳拓展：常用的“be＋形容词＋to”结构
be
be
词语积累：
rudeness n．无礼；粗蛮
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①It is rude ________ the salesgirl to talk to the customer like that.
②She asked him to pardon her ________ (rude)．
③Don't be so rude ________ the designer. Behave yourself!
④It is rude of you ________ (shout) at your parents like that in the street.
⑤My problems __________________________ (和……很相似) yours.
⑥Obviously smoking __________________________ (对……有害) our health.
⑦__________________________ (让别人等是不礼貌的)．
⑧The champion __________________________ (不熟悉) me.
4.target n．目标；对象；靶子　vt.把……作为攻击目标
set a target 制定目标
meet/achieve a target 完成目标
the target area/audience/group 目标地区/观众/群体
aim at a target 瞄准靶子
hit/miss the target 中靶/脱靶
We'll reach the sales targets in a month that we set at the beginning of the year.
我们将在一个月内达到我们在年初制订的销售目标。(at the beginning of在……开始时)
The group will target the marketing and try to improve its profits.
这个团队将以市场营销为目标，努力提高利润。
联想拓展：
target practice射击练习
become the target of a lot of criticism成为众矢之的
a moving target活动靶
the target audience for this advertisement这则广告的受众
即学即练　完成句子
①I've __________________________ (给自己设定……的目标) running 2 miles every day.
②The plan doesn't sound very practical. It is bound to __________________________ (成为……的对象) the attack.
③Only by working hard __________________________ (你才能完成目标)．
5.particular adj.特定的；特别的；讲究的
(教材P32)．..it is usually directed at particular people.……通常是针对特定的人。
be particular to 是……特有的
be particular about/over sth. 对……讲究、挑剔
in particular＝particularly 尤其，特别，格外
be particular to the tropics 热带地区特有的
be particular about/over her clothes 对她的衣着很讲究
anything/nothing particular 特别的事/没什么特别的事
a particular type of design一种特殊的设计类型
She took particular care not to mark the location wrong.她特别小心，目的是不把位置标错。
She's very particular about the quality of the dress.她对这种衣服的质量很挑剔。
The designer loves ancient Chinese mirror in particular.
这位设计师特别喜欢中国古代的镜子。
学法点拨：
“in＋抽象名词”构成的短语在句中多作状语，用法相当于其对应名词的副词形式。如：in anger (＝angrily)气愤地；in brief (＝briefly)简要地；in secret (＝secretly)秘密地。
词语积累：
particularly adv.特别，尤其
be particularly busy尤其繁忙
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①She has already tried her best. Please don't be particular ________ her job.
②She likes fruit and tomatoes ________ particular.
③We are hoping to expand our business, ________ (particular) in Europe.
④She has already tried her best. Please don't ________________ (对……过分挑剔) her job.
⑤Of all the means of transport, I like bicycles ________________ (尤其)．
6.embarrassing adj. 让人难堪(尴尬；害羞)的　embarrass vt.使尴尬　embarrassed adj.尴尬的；难堪的　embarrassment n．尴尬
(教材P32)He or she may also post embarrassing photos and information about those people.他或她可能还会发布一些令人尴尬的照片和有关这些人的信息。
an embarrassing question/situation 令人难堪的问题/处境
an embarrassing incident 尴尬的事件
His jokes didn't even raise a smile, which was embarrassing.
他的笑话都没能让人笑一下，真是太尴尬了。
David felt embarrassed when he was prevented from smoking in the public.
当大卫被禁止在公共场所吸烟时，他感到很尴尬。
He was embarrassed to find that his coworker was promoted instead of him.
他尴尬地发现他的同事被提升了，而不是他。
The embarrassing questions the readers raised made the author embarrassed.
读者提出的尴尬问题使那位作者很尴尬。
联想拓展：
be/feel embarrassed about/at因……而感到尴尬/窘迫
be embarrassed to do sth.尴尬/窘迫地做某事
an embarrassed silence尴尬的沉默
to one's embarrassment使某人尴尬的是
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①To his ________ (embarrass), what he said was proved to be a false experience.
②There was an ________ (embarrass) silence at the conference because of the false information he offered.
③I was in the ________ (embarrass) position of having completely forgotten her name.
④All the people fixed their eyes on me, which made me feel very ________ (embarrass)．
⑤I was a little embarrassed ________ (admit) that I was scared.
⑥________ (embarrass) caused the speaker to hesitate.
⑦He __________________________ (因……而尴尬) his mistakes in the interview.
⑧She __________________________ (尴尬地) tell us that she had failed in the exam.
7.upset adj.心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的　vt.(upset, upset)使烦恼；使生气；搅乱
(教材P32)It seemed like a joke at first, but the girl was very upset.起初，这似乎是个玩笑，但女孩很难过。
upset sb. 使某人心烦意乱
upset the cup 把杯子打翻
upset the whole plan 打乱整个计划
be upset by/about/at sth. 为某事心烦意乱/不安
be upset with sb. 生某人的气
be upset that... 因……而心烦意乱/不安
This decision is likely to upset a lot of people.
这项决定很可能会使许多人不快。
She stood up suddenly, upsetting a glass of wine.
她突然站起来，碰倒了一杯酒。
I'm sorry if I've upset your plans for this evening.
如果我打乱了你今晚的计划，我非常抱歉。
Try not to be too upset about it.尽量不要为此过于烦恼。
I was upset that Debbie pretended not to see me when I passed by her.
当我从黛比旁边经过时，她假装没看见我，我很生气。
He was upset with her because she blocked him from her Wechat Moments.
他很生她的气，因为她对他屏蔽了自己的微信朋友圈。
一言助记：
The bad news upset me. As a result, I upset a glass of milk, which upset my plan for feeding the cat. My son was upset about it.那则坏消息让我心烦意乱。结果，我打翻了一杯牛奶，这打乱了我的喂猫计划。为此，我儿子不高兴了。
词语辨析：upset, nervous与anxious
易混词 辨析 例句
upset “心烦意乱的”，相当于rather unhappy Losing the watch made him upset.丢了那块手表使他心烦意乱。
nervous “紧张的，害怕的”，相当于rather afraid I felt very nervous before the exam.考试前我感到很紧张。
anxious “焦急的”，相当于worried The drought has made farmers anxious about the harvest.这场旱灾使农民们因担心收成而焦虑不安。
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空/一句多译/辨析填空：upset/nervous/anxious
①Because he didn't finish the work on time and was fired by the company, he ________________________ (对……沮丧) it.
②I ________________________ (感到沮丧) my friend did not come to school today.
③Try not to be too upset ________ it.
④It still ________ (upset) him when he thinks about the accident.
⑤Don't upset ________ (you) by thinking about what might have been.
让汤姆感到沮丧的是我们忘记了他的生日。
⑥________________________ (be upset about)
⑦________________________ (be upset that)
⑧________________________ (upset v．)
⑨They're all still very ________ about losing the case.
⑩I got very ________ waiting for my turn to be called.
My mother was always ________ when I came back late.
8.familiar adj.熟悉的；熟知的；常见的；亲近的
(教材P33)Use a website you are familiar with.使用你熟悉的网站。
(sb.) be familiar with (某人)对……熟悉
be familiar to sb. 为某人所熟悉
be on familiar terms with 与……交情很好
get familiar with 熟悉；与……熟悉起来
look/sound familiar 看起来/听起来熟悉
in familiar surroundings 在熟悉的环境里
make you more familiar with China 让你更熟悉中国
We got familiar with our teacher soon.我们很快就和我们的老师熟悉了起来。
She is not only gifted in music but also is familiar with all kinds of musical instruments.
她不仅有音乐天赋，而且熟悉各种乐器。
Are you on familiar terms with Mr Johnson？你和约翰逊先生交情好吗？
易混比较：
I am familiar with his style of design.＝His style of design is familiar to me.我熟悉他的设计风格。/他的设计风格为我所熟悉。
形近词similar
be similar to与……相似
be similar in在……方面相似
一言辨异：
Though the new neighbourhood was not familiar to him, he found it was similar to his old one in some points.虽然他对这个新街区不是很熟悉，但是他发现这儿跟他原来住的街区在某些方面有相似之处。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar ________.
②None of us has ever been there, so the local customs are not so familiar ________ any of us.
③—Are you familiar ________ the customs here
—No, the place is unfamiliar ________ me.
④Are you ________ familiar terms with Mr Johnson
⑤He ________________________ (熟悉) the cartoon character.
＝The cartoon character ________________________ (为……所熟悉) him.
⑥My father ________________________ (和……关系好) the designer.
⑦Her ideas ________________________ (和我的相似)．
9.case n．盒；箱；情况；案件；病例
(教材P34)This case has two functions.这个盒子有两个功能。
in the latter case 在后一种情况下
a classic case 典型的案例
relate to the case 与案件有关
in most cases 在多数情况下
in case 以防，万一
in case of 万一，如果，防备
in case of emergency 万一发生紧急情况
in this/that case 既然这样/那样；在这种/那种情况下
in no case 绝不，无论如何都不
in any case 无论如何，不管怎样
as is often the case (with...) (对……)是常有的事
It is often the case that... 通常情况下……
In some cases people find it hard to preserve cultural heritage.
在某些情况下，人们发现很难保护文化遗产。
There are thousands of new cases of AIDS in Africa every year.
非洲每年都会出现许多艾滋病的新病例。
Take an umbrella, in case it rains.带把伞吧，以防下雨。
In case of fire, please ring the alarm bell.如遇火警，请按警铃。
In no case should anybody be allowed to stay here.绝不允许任何人在这里停留。
What is the reason, then In most cases, it is because these people simply do not enjoy the job they are doing.
那么，原因是什么呢？在大多数情况下，是因为这些人根本不喜欢他们正在做的工作。
This time, we stayed together, in case anything else unusual happened.
这一次我们待在一起，以防其他不寻常的事情发生。
学法点拨：case＋where/in which＋定语从句
在定语从句中，当先行词为case (情况), situation (情况，形势), position (位置；职位), condition (情形，条件), point (境地), stage (境地，阶段)等，并且关系词在从句中作状语时，常用where或in which引导定语从句。
Can you think of a situation where we can use this expression？你能想出一个我们可以使用这个表达的情景吗？
Her illness has developed to the point where nobody can cure her.她的病已经发展到了没人能治的地步。
比较：it is often the case that...通常情况下……
as is often the case (with...)(对……)是常有的事
前者that引导一个名词性从句，说明主语it的具有内容；后者as引导一个非限制性定语从句，主句在此从句的前面或后面皆可。
It is aften the case with other old people that my grandfather is fond of talking about his good old days.
As is often the case with other old people, my grandfather is fond of talking about his good old dyas.
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Today, we'll discuss a number of cases ________ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
②It is often the case ________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
③In case ________ fire, walk quickly to the nearest door.
④He may win the competition, ________ which case he is likely to get into the national team.
⑤There is no simple answer, ________ is often the case in science.
⑥I'll be out for some time. ______________________ (如果) anything important happens, call me up immediately.
⑦________________________ (万一) emergency, break the glass and press the button.
⑧Anybody should ________________________ (无论如何不) be allowed to stay here.
第二版块|重要短语
1.in shape状况良好
(教材P31)Xiao Bo is looking for an exercise app to help him get in shape.
小波正在寻找一款运动应用程序来帮助他健身。
get in shape 健身；获得健康
get into shape 强身健体
keep/stay in shape 保持良好身材
in good shape 处于良好状态
in great shape 处于非常好的状态
in/bad/poor shape 不健康；状态不好
The old actor is still in good shape.那位老演员身体还很健康。
a pool in the shape of a heart心形的游泳池
The wheel has been twisted out of shape.轮子已经扭曲变形了。
I like to keep in shape at my convenience.我喜欢方便时健身。
联想拓展：
out of shape变形的，走样的；健康状况不好
in the shape of呈……的形状，以……的形状
take shape成形，有了模样
lose one's shape走样，变形
be back in shape回到良好状态
即学即练　单句语法填空
①He's ________ good shape for a man of his age, which inspires his peers.
②Don't step on my hat; it is out ________ shape.
③For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake ________ the shape of a monkey.
④You were in great shape in the past. If you take some time to do running everyday, you are sure to be ________ in shape again.
2.keep track of掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态
(教材P31)Both of Xiao Bo's apps keep track of the steps he takes.小波的两个应用程序都记录了他所采取的步骤。
lose track of 不了解……的情况；与……失去联系
keep to the track 跟踪
on the track of 跟踪，追赶，尾随
be on the right/wrong track 思路正确/错误
As a doctor, Brooks has to keep track of the latest developments in medicine.
作为一名医生，布鲁克斯必须了解医学的最新发展动态。
He's lost all track of her since they left school.自他们毕业后，他完全失去了和她的联系。
It was not long before I tracked down the lost watch.不久我就找到了丢失的手表。
联想拓展：
follow his tracks循着他的足迹
track down追踪到，追查到
track and field田径；田径赛
thousands of miles of track数千英里的铁轨
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Keep track ________ children's use of social media, and parents want to confirm the safety of their kids.
②That's not the answer but you're ________ the right track.
③He finally managed to track ________ the book he wanted.
④We have been out of touch with each other for many years, and I find it difficult to __________________________ (了解……的情况) my old friend now.
⑤I've __________________________ (不记得) how many times I've seen that movie.
⑥Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. __________________________ (记录) your efforts and write down how you feel.
3.make fun of取笑；戏弄
(教材P32)A photo of her had been posted online and she was being made fun of.她的一张照片被发布在网上，被人取笑。
for fun 为了好玩
have fun doing sth. 做某事很开心
have fun 玩得开心
Making fun of the people whose houses were destroyed in the disaster is something that we should never do.取笑那些房子在灾难中被毁的人是我们绝不能做的事。
It's rude to make fun of the old.取笑老人是不礼貌的。
No one likes being made fun of.没有人喜欢被嘲笑。
make fun of的近义短语：
play a joke on开……的玩笑
laugh at嘲笑
make a fool of愚弄；欺骗
play a trick/tricks on sb.捉弄某人；对某人搞恶作剧
make a joke of sth.拿某事开玩笑
误区警示：
fun是不可数名词
a fun (×)
much/a lot of/great fun (√)
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Surprisingly, they didn't laugh ________ us.
②The boy made fun ________ me, so I became annoyed with him.
③Children like to play tricks ________ each other.
④The joke the naughty boy played ________ the old man made many people angry.
⑤__________________________ (我常常被嘲笑) when I get out of breath after a short way.
⑥They put those articles in the newspaper to attract people's attention, just ______________________________ (为了好玩)．
⑦没有人喜欢被戏弄，尤其是在公众场合。
No one likes to __________________________， in particular in public.
4.keep...in mind牢记(＝bear...in mind)
(教材P33)Tell the reader what they should do or keep in mind.告诉读者他们应该做什么或记住什么。
keep/bear in mind that... 记住……，将……记在心中
change one's mind 改变主意
make up one's mind (to do sth.) 下定决心(做某事)
fix one's mind on/upon 把注意力集中在……上
You must always keep the reader in mind when writing a report.
写报道的时候你一定要考虑读者。
We should keep in mind that traffic safety is of vital importance.
我们应该牢记交通安全是至关重要的。
联想拓展：
lose one's mind失去理智
read one's mind看出某人的心思
come to mind突然记起，突然想到
be/go out of one's mind心智失常，发疯
bring...to mind使……想起
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Williams' two books helped Benjamin to make up his mind ________ (be) a painter.
②And you also should keep in mind ________ comparing notes with your classmates frequently is a good way to improve your study.
③Keeping ________ mind how young she is, I thought she did really well.
④Keep in mind ________ success lies in hard work.
⑤Although he was very stubborn, I made up my mind ________ (persuade) him.
⑥Always __________________________ (记住) that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.
⑦Jane __________________________ (下定决心) to change her friend's negative attitude towards study.
⑧I was so angry that I __________________________ (失去理智)．
第三版块|典型句式
1.whenever引导的状语从句
(教材P31)You get a message whenever there has been an update.
每当有更新时，你都会收到一条消息。
[句式分析]　本句为复合句。whenever引导一个时间状语从句，意为“每当……”“一……就……”。再如：
Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.每当你搬到一个新地方时，你都应该找到火灾报警器所在的位置和离你房间最近的两个出口。(locate位于，这里引申为“查找……的位置”)
whenever引导两类状语从句：
①引导时间状语从句，此时表示“每当”“一……就……”，与when用法相似，但语气更强。
②引导让步状语从句，此时表示“无论何时”，相当于at whatever time, no matter when等。
Whenever I'm unhappy, it is my friend who cheers me up.(＝No matter when I'm unhappy, it is my friend who cheers me up.)
不管什么时候我不高兴，总是我的朋友使我鼓起勇气。
归纳拓展：
引导让步状语从句的此类从属连词还有
wherever无论在哪儿
however无论多么
whoever无论是谁
whichever无论哪一个
whatever无论是什么
注意：以上引导词在引导让步状语从句时，都可以转换为no matter where/how/who/which/what。
教师提醒：
①wh-ever类词，还能引导名词性从句，在句中充当主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。
②这些从属连词引导让步状语从句时，可以与no matter where/how/who/which/what互换
即学即练　单句语法填空(用wh-ever类词或no matter)
①At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to ________ I need help.
②We should give a second thought to these ratings ________ we go shopping.
③It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.
④________ you may go, he will not forget you.
⑤________ problems you have, you can come to me for help.
⑥________ telephones, tell them I'm out.
⑦________ breaks the law deserves a fine.
⑧________ you choose, make sure that it is a good one.
⑨________ rich some people are they always seem anxious to make more money.
2.keep＋宾语＋宾补
(教材P31)This app keeps you updated on all your favourite topics.这个应用程序可以让你了解最新的所有你最喜欢的话题。
[句式分析]　该简单句中含有“keep＋宾语＋过去分词作宾补”的结构。
“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构意为“使……保持/处于某种状态”。宾补的形式：
keep you waiting 让你一直等候(现在分词)
keep you warm 让你暖和(形容词)
keep the rain out 挡雨(副词)
keep him out of trouble 别让他闯祸(介词短语)
keep it a secret 要保密(名词)
You will find him a very outgoing young man.你会觉得他是一个非常外向的年轻人。
When I first came to New York, I had a lot of trouble making myself understood.
我刚到纽约时，想让人听懂我的话非常困难。
学法点拨：
除keep外，leave, find, make等动词也可接复合宾语结构。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①He kept his son ________ (run) on the track in spite of the strong wind.
②You'd better take exercise every day so that you can keep your body ________ (health)．
③My manager asked me to keep an eye on the project and kept him ________ (inform) of the progress.
④我们应保持教室干净整齐。
We should __________________________________.
⑤很抱歉，让你久等了。
I'm sorry to __________________________________ for so long.
3.the＋比较级．.., the＋比较级．..
(教材P32)However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked.然而，你越有礼貌，你被攻击的可能性就越小。
[句式分析]　该句中含有固定句式“the＋比较级．.., the＋比较级．..”。
“the＋比较级(＋主、谓), the＋比较级(＋主、谓)”表示“越……，就越……”。前者表示条件，后者表示结果。
the more..., the more...“越……，就越……”，是比较级中的一个常见句型。more是比较级的代表，应根据具体的情况用不同的比较级形式。
The more you know, the less you will realize you know.
你知道的越多，你就越会发现自己知道的太少。
The hotter the air is, the more quickly it will rise.
空气越热，它上升的速度就越快。
归纳拓展：
比较级＋and＋比较级　越来越……
more and more＋多音节形容词原级
stronger and stronger越来越强大
more and more important越来越重要
Our country is becoming more and more beautiful now.我们国家现在变得越来越美了。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The more, the ________ (good)．
②The ________ (hard) you study, the more progress you'll make.
③With the rapid economic development, China's position on the international stage is getting more and more ________ (importance)．
④你练习得越多，理解得就越透彻。
________________ you practice, ________________ you can understand.
⑤一个人越博学，他通常就变得越谦虚。
________________ a man is, ________________ he usually becomes.
⑥Our country __________________________ (变得越来越富了)．
4.First of all, ...Second，... Third，...首先，……第二，……第三，……
(教材P32)First of all, there's the golden rule of the Internet...Second, protect your privacy...Third, be polite.首先，互联网的黄金法则是……其次，保护你的隐私……最后，要有礼貌。
first(ly)．..and later... 首先……后来……
first...second...third... 第一……第二……第三……
firstly...secondly...thirdly... 第一……第二……第三……
联想拓展：
first of all第一，首先
what's more而且
besides其次
in addition另外
last but not least最后但也同样重要的是
on the one hand...on the other hand...
一方面……另一方面……
即学即练　完成句子
①很快，先是来自爱丁堡大学的学生，后来是来自牛津大学、剑桥大学、杜伦大学和伯明翰大学的学生，每年夏天都要前往苏格兰首府旅行。
Soon, groups of students ____________ from Edinburgh University, and ____________ from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer.
②一方面，他们想要签约，但另一方面，他们又不想放弃这么多的权利。
________________ they'd love to sign the agreement, but ________________ they don't want to give up so many rights.
5.so that引导目的状语从句
(教材P32)Trolls often use several false names so that they can stay on a site.为了长期待在一个网站上，网络挑事者经常使用多个假名。
[句式分析]　这是一个复合句。句中so that引导一个目的状语从句，意为“以便”“为了”。
(1)so that可以引导目的状语从句，意为“以便，为了”，此时相当于in order that，从句中往往有would, can, could, may, might等情态动词，表明动作尚未发生。
(2)so that还可以引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，所以”，从句动作往往已经发生。
They trained hard every day so that they could win glory for their homeland.
他们每天努力训练，为的是给祖国赢得荣誉。(目的)
Their niece was spoiled so that she became more and more naughty.
他们的侄女被宠坏了，结果她变得越来越调皮。(结果)
We'll sit in the front of the hall so that we can hear better.
＝We'll sit in the front of the hall so as to/in order to hear better.
我们坐在大厅的前面，以便听得清楚。
My mother gets up early every morning to cook breakfast so that I can go to school on time.＝My mother gets up early every morning to cook breakfast in order for me/so as for me to go to school on time.＝My mother gets up early every morning to cook breakfast in order to let me/so as to let me go to school on time.
妈妈每天早晨早起做饭，以便我能按时到校。
学法点拨：
(1)目的状语从句和结果状语从句的区分是看其是否谓语上有情态动词。含有情态动词的是目的状语从句；否则则是结果状语从句。
(2)目的状语从句与不定式、介词短语的互换。当从句和主句的主语一致时，则可以把目的状语从句直接改为不定式作目的状语，或用in order/so as to do形式作目的状语。如主从句主语不一致时，则可把目的状语从句改为for sb. to do...形式/或so as to/in order to let sb. do...形式。
(3)so that引导的从句往往位于句尾；in order that引导的从句位于句首、句尾皆可。
知识拓展：
so...that句式：
so＋adj./adv.＋that 引导的结果状语从句，意为“……是如此……以致于……”。
He was so tired at that time that he could not walk any further.他是如此的疲劳，以致于他再也不能向前走了。
这种句式可与“too... to do...”句式转换。
如上句可转换为：He was too tired to walk any further at that time.
即学即练　完成句子/一句多译
①咱们要到这个周末才能摘这些桃子，这样吃的时候它们就会足够甜。
Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend ________________ they get sweet enough to be eaten.
②“不要误了晚饭，”保罗叔叔喊道，“沿着小路走，这样你们就不会迷路了！”
“Don't be late for supper，” Uncle Paul cried, “and keep to the track ________________ you don't get lost！”
③他们决定为这项工程增加工人以免耽搁。
They decide to have more workers for the project ________________ it won't be delayed.
为了让所有的人都注意她，她穿得像天使。
④She dresses like an angel ____________________________________ her.
⑤She dresses like an angel ____________________________________ her.
⑥She dresses like an angel ____________________________________ her.
⑦She dresses like an angel ____________________________________ her.
⑧She dresses like an angel ____________________________________ her.
⑨She dresses like an angel ____________________________________ her.
·基础知识自测·
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The ________ (目标) of the guidelines is to set regulations for teens having access to the Internet.
2．Now that he was not familiar with this ________ (特别的) case, he had to give it up.
3．The author gives a detailed ________ (描述) of the functions of the network.
4．Those people who are often ________ (粗鲁的) to others with mean words on the Internet are considered as cyberbullies.
5．We have developed a new type of software with many ________ (功能)．
6．________ (按压) the button and you can keep track of the person in the distance.
7．If you put money into our bank account, we'll give you a ________ (折扣)．
8．He met with an embarrassing case, which made him very ________ (心烦的)．
9．By using this application, you can ________ (确认) whether your online shopping is successful.
10．________ (点击) on the file and you will find the document and all the images.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．What's ________ (particular) interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet's cause.
2．The more ________ (embarrass) or shameful the secret is, the juicier the gossip it makes.
3．Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun ________ each other...
4．She was too upset ________ (spend) much time at the real museum.
5．...I suggest that the next time you go to your mum's home for dinner, get a few cooking ________ (tip) from her.
6．By choosing to keep the outside of the home ________ great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.
7．Keep track ________ children's use of social media.
8．It's true, the ________ (old) I get, the more I feel time has wings.
9．Lighting accounts ________ about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.
10．Libraries will often hold reading-group sessions ________ (target) to various age groups.
Ⅲ.短语填空
in shape， keep track of， make fun of， be familiar with， be familiar to， keep...in mind， as is often the case， be rude to， click on， make a comment
1．________________ that you don't press the button until the machine stops.
2．If you get stuck, ________________ the link “Help”．
3．The website has ________________ its users and even provided false information.
4．In fact, you ________________ your customers so your service is embarrassing.
5．Mary kept silent; she refused to ________________ on that issue.
6．I ________________ this application, so I will install it on my computer.
7．The company account ________________ me, so I can withdraw cash.
8．Both apps have a number of functions and ________________ the steps we take.
9．This battery can last longer, keeping your smart phone ________________.
10．________________， he was fined because he didn't limit his speed.
·学科素养提升·
Ⅳ.短文语法填空
In the age of the smart phone, there seems no reason to ask questions about: the weather forecast, a business's phone number or directions, which can all be 1.________ (easy) found on the website, but very often people 2.________ (actual) ask these things by 3.________ (make) a call. Your answer may be replied to with a thank-you e-mail.
This isn't the first time that great changes 4.________ (take) place in our manners due to technology. In 5.________ late 1870s, when the telephone 6.________ (invent), people didn't know how 7.________ (greet) a caller. Often there is just 8.________ (silent). Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor, suggested that people 9.________ (say) “Ahoy”， but finally “Hello” went out, the greeting used in everyday face-to-face communications now.
Try to be respectful no matter 10.________ you communicate with. Just keep it in mind that politeness never goes out of fashion.
Section Ⅳ　Listening and Talking, Reading for Writing & Assessing Your Progress
语篇细研·教材精读
1．C　2.D　3.D　4.D
知识探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．①at　②discounted　③a　④at　⑤at a discount　⑥a 10% discount　⑦get a discount
2．①描述　②解释　③认为　④accounts for　⑤accounts for　
⑥opened an account　⑦gave an account of　⑧take account of
3．①of　②rudeness　③to　④to shout　⑤are very similar to　⑥is harmful to　⑦It's rude to keep people waiting　⑧it not familiar to
4．①set myself a target of　②become the target of　③can you meet/achieve your target(s)
5．①about　②in　③particularly　④be too particular about　
⑤in particular
6．①embarrassment　②embarrassing　③embarrassing　④embarrassed　⑤to admit　⑥Embarrassment　⑦was embarrassed about　⑧was embarrassed to
7．①was/felt upset about　②was/felt upset that　③about　④upsets　⑤yourself　⑥Tom is upset about our forgetting his birthday.　⑦Tom is upset that we forgot his birthday.　⑧What upsets Tom is that we forgot his birthday.　⑨upset　⑩nervous　 anxious
8．①with　②to　③with　to　④on　⑤is familiar with; is familiar to　⑥is on familiar terms with　⑦are similar to mine
9．①where　②that　③of　④in　⑤as　⑥In case　⑦In case of　
⑧in no case
第二版块|重要短语
1．①in　②of　③in　④back
2．①of　②on　③down　④keep track of　⑤lost track of　⑥Keep track of
3．①at　②of　③on　④on　⑤I'm often made fun of　⑥for fun　
⑦be made fun of
4．①to be　②that　③in　④that　⑤to persuade　⑥keep in mind　⑦made up her mind　⑧lost my mind
第三版块|典型句式
1．①whenever　②whenever/no matter when　③whatever　
④Wherever/No matter where　⑤Whatever/No matter what　
⑥Whoever/No matter who　⑦Whoever　⑧Whichever/No matter which　⑨However/No matter how
2．①running　②healthy　③informed　④keep our classroom clean and tidy　⑤have kept you waiting
3．①better　②harder　③important　④The more　the better　
⑤The more learned　the more modest　⑥is becoming richer and richer
4．①firstly　later　②On the one hand　on the other hand
5．①so that　②so that　③so that　④so that everyone will notice　⑤in order that everyone will notice　⑥so as to let everyone notice　⑦in order to let everyone notice　⑧so as for everyone to notice　⑨in order for everyone to notice
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．target　2.particular　3.account　4.rude　5.functions　6.Press　7.discount　8.upset　9.confirm　10.Click
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．答案与解析：particularly　副词修饰形容词interesting。句意：特别有趣的是，各个城市对Dubanchet事业的态度。
2．答案与解析：embarrassing　embarrassing修饰事物；embarrassed修饰人或人的表情、声音。此处修饰the secret，要用 ing形式。句意：秘密越是令人难堪或不体面，它产生的闲话就越具有吸引力。
3．答案与解析：of　make fun of取笑，嘲笑。句意：我们两个都有美国演员的典型品质和美德：幽默、好斗和取笑对方……
4．答案与解析：to spend　too...to...太……而不能……，to后要跟动词原形。句意：她太心烦没法在真正的博物馆里花太多的时间。
5．答案与解析：tips　a few修饰可数名词复数。句意：……我建议下次你去你妈妈家吃晚饭的时候，向她学习一些烹饪技巧。
6．答案与解析：in　in great shape状况良好。句意：通过选择保持室外的良好状态，你将有助于改善该地区的外观和感觉。
7．答案与解析：of　keep track of掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态。句意：跟踪孩子们使用社交媒体的情况。
8．答案与解析：older　“the＋比较级．.., the＋比较级．..”表示“越……，就越……”。句意：这是真的，随着年龄的增长，我越发觉得时间有翅膀。
9．答案与解析：for　account for(数量上、比例上)占。句意：照明约占美国总耗电量的7%。
10．答案与解析：targeted　过去分词短语targeted to...作定语，修饰sessions。句意：图书馆经常会针对不同年龄段的人举办阅读小组会议。
Ⅲ.短语填空
1．Keep in mind　2.click on　3.made fun of　4.are rude to　5.make a comment　6.am familiar with　7.is familiar to　8.keep track of　9.in shape　10.As is often the case
Ⅳ.短文语法填空
【语篇解读】　主题：人与社会(科学与技术)；话题：科技与生活。本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现代科技对人们的生活方式所产生的巨大影响。
1．答案与解析：easily　found是过去分词，由副词修饰过去分词。
2．答案与解析：actually　副词可修饰形容词、副词、动词及整个句子。此处用副词作状语修饰ask。
3．答案与解析：making　by doing sth.意为“通过做某事”，用making。
4．答案与解析：have taken　“It/This/That is＋the first (second...) time that＋主语＋现在完成时＋...”意为“某人第一(二……)次做某事”。根据从句中的主语great changes (复数形式)可知用have taken。
5．答案与解析：the　in the late 1870s意为“在19世纪70年代末”，用定冠词the。
6．答案与解析：was invented　句意：在19世纪70年代末，当电话被发明的时候，人们不知道如何问候打电话的人。the telephone和invent之间是被动关系，结合句意可知句子用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案为was invented。
7．答案与解析：to greet　此处是“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语，故答案为to greet。
8．答案与解析：silence　句意：通常只有沉默。此处是there be句型，用名词作主语，故答案为silence。
9．答案与解析：say/should say　suggest (建议)后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气“(should＋)动词原形”，should可以省略，故答案为say/should say。
10．答案与解析：who/whom　句意：无论你和谁交流，都要尽量尊重对方。communicate with sb.“与某人交流”。
30(共98张PPT)
Section Ⅳ　Listening and Talking, Reading for
Writing & Assessing Your Progress
课文预习·解疑清障
[课文内容]
Today I thought I'd blog about a question that has been asked many times — how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet I'm not an expert, but many years as a blogger have taught me a thing or two 【1】．
【1】many years as a blogger为无生命名词作主语，其后的谓语动词用了复数形式，是为了强调many years的复数意义。
First of all, there's the golden rule① of the Internet: If you see or read something that makes you feel uncomfortable, leave the site immediately. Don't post comments or click② on anything. Second, protect your privacy③. Don't give out your address or phone number. Someone might use the information to steal your identity.
Identity theft④ is a common and serious problem. Third, be polite. Being online is no excuse for being rude⑤， and you don't want to become a target⑥ for a troll or cyberbully. A troll is a person who posts comments or questions in order to stir up trouble online. Trolls often use several false names so that they can stay on a site. A cyberbully uses the Internet to be mean⑦ to others. Like a troll, a cyberbully will also write something mean but it is usually directed at particular⑧ people. He or she may also post embarrassing⑨ photos and information about those people. However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked 【2】．
【2】此处为“the＋比较级(＋主句＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主句＋谓语)”结构，表示“越……，越……”。
Have you had any bad experiences online, or do you have some good advice for staying safe Post your comments below!
Boy579　Last year, we were having problems in our chat room. Mean comments were being posted by someone we didn't know. I think he or she was only trying to make trouble.
Amy　A girl at my school had a very bad experience online. A photo of her had been posted online and she was being made fun of⑩. It seemed like a joke at first, but the girl was very upset .
[词语积累]
①golden rule [usually sing.]黄金法则；重要原则
②click/kl k/vt.& vi.点击；(使)发出咔嗒声 n．(对计算机鼠标的)点按；咔嗒声
③privacy/'pr v si；NAmE 'pra v-/n.[U]隐私；私密；独处，清静
each individual's right to privacy每个人的隐私权
private adj.私人的；秘密的
④theft/θeft/n.偷(窃)；盗窃罪
identity theft n．身份盗窃(利用别人的名字、个人信息等获得信用卡、其他物品或从别人的账户中提取现金等)
⑤rude/ru d/adj.粗鲁的；无礼的；粗糙的；原始的
[近义]impolite adj.无礼的
[反义]polite adj.有礼貌的，客气的
⑥target/'tɑ ɡ t/n.目标；对象；靶子
⑦mean adj.[熟词生义](人或其行为)不善良的，刻薄的
be mean to sb.对某人刻薄
⑧particular/p 't kj l (r)/adj.特定的；特别的；讲究的
[近义]specific adj.具体的，特定的，特有的
⑨embarrassing/ m'b r s /adj.使人害羞的(或难堪的、惭愧的)
⑩make fun of取笑；戏弄
upset/ p'set/adj.心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的
[文化采风]
如何防范网络欺凌
1．青少年层面
①增强个人隐私保护意识，不轻易在网络上泄露真实信息和联络方式
②对网络上的言语欺凌等不予回应
③留存短信、QQ留言和聊天记录等信息，日后作证据
2．学校层面
①制订干预机制，对青少年进行网络道德教育，提倡“文明上网”，明确上网礼仪
②针对一些学生害怕被报复的心理，学校应明确规定学生报告后可以获得的支持和学校应采取的措施
③开展网上安全教育和同情心教育，帮助学生提高判断是非的能力和关心他人、同情弱者的意识
3．家长层面
①加强对子女的关怀，多了解子女的校园生活及交友情况
②加强与子女的交流和沟通，并关注子女的情绪、行为及心理健康
[课文释译]
今天我想写一篇博客，讨论一个被问过很多次的问题——如何保证线上安全，避免糟糕的互联网体验？我不是专家，但多年的博客生涯还是教会了我一两件事。
首先，互联网的黄金法则是：如果你看到或读到让你感到不舒服的东西，立刻离开这个网站。不要发表评论或点击任何东西。第二，保护你的隐私。不要泄露你的地址或电话号码。有人可能会利用这些信息盗用你的身份。身份盗窃是一个常见而且严重的问题。第三，要有礼貌。在网上并不能成为无礼的借口，你也不想成为发挑衅帖子的人或网络恶霸的欺凌对象。发挑衅帖子的人指的是为了在网上挑起事端而发布评论或问题的人。他们经常使用几个假名字以便停留在同一个网站。网络恶霸使用互联网来欺负别人。
与发挑衅帖子的人一样，网络恶霸也会写一些刻薄的话，但常常是针对特定的人。他或她也可能发布一些关于这些人出丑的照片和信息。但是，你越有礼貌，你被攻击的可能性就越小。
你在网络上有过糟糕的经历吗？或者你有什么关于保证安全的好建议吗？请在下方留言！
Boy579'去年，我们在聊天室遇到了一些问题。一个我们不认识的人发布了一些刻薄的评论。我想他或她纯粹是想找麻烦。
Amy'我校有一名女孩在网上有一次很糟糕的经历。她的一张照片被发布在网上，被大家取笑。起初这看起来像是玩笑，但那名女孩很难过。
语篇细研·教材精读
Ⅰ.课文结构图示
Ⅱ.根据课文内容选择正确答案
1．What does the writer tell the reader in Paragraph 1
A．Definition of online safety.
B．The writer's knowledge of the Internet.
C．The topic of the post.
D．How to avoid the bad experiences on the Internet.
2．Who are the online troublemakers the blog post mentions
A．A person who often uses false name.
B．A person who posts comments or questions so as to make trouble online.
C．A person who often uses the Internet to be rude to others.
D．All the above.
C
D
3．What is a troll, according to the passage
A．A person who posts comments or questions.
B．A person who uses several false names.
C．A person who posts photos and information online.
D．A person who writes something mean to stir up trouble online.
4．What's the main idea of the blog post
A．A bad experience on the Internet.
B．Some advice on how to make comments on the Internet.
C．Some tips on how to become a good blogger.
D．Some tips on how to surf the Internet safely.

D
D
知识探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．discount n．折扣　vt.打折
(教材P31)Laura needs an app that will help her get discounts.
劳拉需要一个能帮她打折的应用程序。
at a discount 以打折的价格
get/give/offer a discount (on sth.) (在某物上)得到/给予/提供折扣
offer/give sb. a discount 给某人打折
sell the books at a discount 打折售书
a discount store/shop 折扣店
discount price/fare 折扣价/折扣票
a 10% discount 九折
discount sth. at... 某物打……折出售
They gave a discount for cash payment.现金付款，他们给予折扣。
The composer bought the dress at a discount of 60%.
作曲家以四折的价格买下了那件连衣裙。
Obviously they are selling everything at a discount.
很明显，他们销售的所有商品都在打折。
误区警示：
英文discount指减去的百分比，中文“折扣”指余下的百分比。
九折：10% discount
八折：20% discount
名师点津：
(1)offer sb. sth.＝offer sth. to sb.向某人主动提供某物
(2)offer oneself as...毛遂自荐作……
(3)offer to do sth.主动提出做某事
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I kept my mother company to buy a dress ________ a discount of 60% for my daughter.
②Jordan Axani, 28, said he and his then girlfriend, Elizabeth Gallagher, booked heavily _________ (discount) round-the-world air tickets in May...
③I can give you ________ small discount.
④These goods will be sold ________ a discount.
⑤My aunt is good at bargaining and she always buys things __________ (打折)．
⑥They are offering ______________ (九折) on all sofas this month.
⑦We'll ____________ (享有折扣) if we pay before the fifteenth of the month.
at
discounted
a
at
at a discount
a 10% discount
get a discount
2.account n．账户；描述；说明；理由　vi. & vt.认为；说明；总计有
(教材P31)Laura needs an app that will add money to her bank account.劳拉需要一个应用程序，可以把钱添加到她的银行账户。
open/close an account 开立/结清账户
give an account of 描述
on account 记账；以赊账的方式
account for 是……的原因；解释；(数量上、比例上)占
account sb./sth. (to be)．.. 认为某人/某事物……
归纳拓展：
take...into account/take account of...考虑到，顾及；体谅
on account of因为，由于
on no account决不，绝对不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)
知识小结：英语中表示“占……比例”的表达：
1．make up××%
2．occupy××%
3．account for××%
4．take up××%
如：一句多译
在我们的员工中，女性占60%
①Women make up 60% of our employees.
②Women occupy 60% of our employees.
③Women account for 60% of our employees.
④Women take up 60% of our employees.
I've opened an account with that bank.我在那家银行开了一个账户。
He was too shocked to give an account of what had happened in the disaster.
他太震惊了，不愿讲述灾难中发生的事情。
The bad weather may have accounted for the delay of the flight.
天气不好可能是这次航班延误的原因。
She couldn't account for her spying on me.她无法解释监视我的原因。
Teenagers account for the main part of the organization.
青少年是这个组织的主要组成部分。
The event was accounted (to be) a failure.人们认为这次活动是失败的。
He accounted me (to be) a success.他认为我是个成功者。
即学即练　写出句中account的含义/完成句子
①The two accounts of the accident do not agree._______
②He has to account to the chairman for how he spends the company's money._______
③Tom accounts himself (to be) lucky._______
④It is parents' absence from family that __________ (是……的原因) the children's unhappiness.
⑤It is said that body language ___________ (占) 55 percent of a first impression while what you say just 7 percent.
⑥I _______________ (开账户) after I made $1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.
⑦The policeman ______________ (描述) the traffic accident.
⑧We should _____________ (考虑) the requests of our customers.
描述
解释
认为
accounts for
accounts for
opened an account
gave an account of
take account of
3.rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的　rudeness n．粗鲁；无礼　rudely adv.无礼地，粗暴地
(教材P32)Being online is no excuse for being rude, and you don't want to become a target for a troll or cyberbully.上网并不是粗鲁的借口，你也不想成为网络流氓或网络恶霸的目标。
be rude to sb. 对某人粗鲁/无礼
It is rude to do sth. 做某事是粗鲁的。
It is rude (of sb.) to do sth. (某人)做某事是无礼的。
be rude in manner＝be in a rude manner 举止粗鲁
rude behaviour/reply/words (remarks) 粗鲁的举止/答复/言语(评论)
The champion was rude to the teenager.冠军对那个少年很粗鲁。
It is rude to shout at people.嘲着人大声喊是粗鲁的。
It is rude of the people to carve words on the cultural relics.
在文物上刻字是粗鲁的行为。
归纳拓展：常用的“be＋形容词＋to”结构
be
be

词语积累：
rudeness n．无礼；粗蛮
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①It is rude ________ the salesgirl to talk to the customer like that.
②She asked him to pardon her ________ (rude)．
③Don't be so rude ________ the designer. Behave yourself!
④It is rude of you ________ (shout) at your parents like that in the street.
⑤My problems ________________ (和……很相似) yours.
⑥Obviously smoking ___________ (对……有害) our health.
⑦__________________________ (让别人等是不礼貌的)．
⑧The champion _____________ (不熟悉) me.
of
rudeness
to
to shout
are very similar to
is harmful to
It's rude to keep people waiting
it not familiar to
4.target n．目标；对象；靶子　vt.把……作为攻击目标
set a target 制定目标
meet/achieve a target 完成目标
the target area/audience/group 目标地区/观众/群体
aim at a target 瞄准靶子
hit/miss the target 中靶/脱靶
We'll reach the sales targets in a month that we set at the beginning of the year.
我们将在一个月内达到我们在年初制订的销售目标。(at the beginning of在……开始时)
The group will target the marketing and try to improve its profits.
这个团队将以市场营销为目标，努力提高利润。
联想拓展：
target practice射击练习
become the target of a lot of criticism成为众矢之的
a moving target活动靶
the target audience for this advertisement这则广告的受众
即学即练　完成句子
①I've __________________ (给自己设定……的目标) running 2 miles every day.
②The plan doesn't sound very practical. It is bound to ________________ (成为……的对象) the attack.
③Only by working hard __________________________ (你才能完成目标)．
set myself a target of
become the target of
can you meet/achieve your target(s)
5.particular adj.特定的；特别的；讲究的
(教材P32)．..it is usually directed at particular people.……通常是针对特定的人。
be particular to 是……特有的
be particular about/over sth. 对……讲究、挑剔
in particular＝particularly 尤其，特别，格外
be particular to the tropics 热带地区特有的
be particular about/over her clothes 对她的衣着很讲究
anything/nothing particular 特别的事/没什么特别的事
a particular type of design一种特殊的设计类型
She took particular care not to mark the location wrong.她特别小心，目的是不把位置标错。
She's very particular about the quality of the dress.她对这种衣服的质量很挑剔。
The designer loves ancient Chinese mirror in particular.
这位设计师特别喜欢中国古代的镜子。
学法点拨：
“in＋抽象名词”构成的短语在句中多作状语，用法相当于其对应名词的副词形式。如：in anger (＝angrily)气愤地；in brief (＝briefly)简要地；in secret (＝secretly)秘密地。
词语积累：
particularly adv.特别，尤其
be particularly busy尤其繁忙
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①She has already tried her best. Please don't be particular ________ her job.
②She likes fruit and tomatoes ________ particular.
③We are hoping to expand our business, __________ (particular) in Europe.
④She has already tried her best. Please don't __________________ (对……过分挑剔) her job.
⑤Of all the means of transport, I like bicycles ___________ (尤其)．
about
in
particularly
be too particular about
in particular
6.embarrassing adj. 让人难堪(尴尬；害羞)的　embarrass vt.使尴尬　embarrassed adj.尴尬的；难堪的　embarrassment n．尴尬
(教材P32)He or she may also post embarrassing photos and information about those people.他或她可能还会发布一些令人尴尬的照片和有关这些人的信息。
an embarrassing question/situation 令人难堪的问题/处境
an embarrassing incident 尴尬的事件
His jokes didn't even raise a smile, which was embarrassing.
他的笑话都没能让人笑一下，真是太尴尬了。
David felt embarrassed when he was prevented from smoking in the public.
当大卫被禁止在公共场所吸烟时，他感到很尴尬。
He was embarrassed to find that his coworker was promoted instead of him.
他尴尬地发现他的同事被提升了，而不是他。
The embarrassing questions the readers raised made the author embarrassed.
读者提出的尴尬问题使那位作者很尴尬。
联想拓展：
be/feel embarrassed about/at因……而感到尴尬/窘迫
be embarrassed to do sth.尴尬/窘迫地做某事
an embarrassed silence尴尬的沉默
to one's embarrassment使某人尴尬的是
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①To his _____________ (embarrass), what he said was proved to be a false experience.
②There was an ____________ (embarrass) silence at the conference because of the false information he offered.
③I was in the ___________ (embarrass) position of having completely forgotten her name.
④All the people fixed their eyes on me, which made me feel very __________ (embarrass)．
embarrassment
embarrassing
embarrassing
embarrassed
⑤I was a little embarrassed ________ (admit) that I was scared.
⑥_____________ (embarrass) caused the speaker to hesitate.
⑦He ___________________ (因……而尴尬) his mistakes in the interview.
⑧She _______________ (尴尬地) tell us that she had failed in the exam.
to admit
Embarrassment
was embarrassed about
was embarrassed to
7.upset adj.心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的　vt.(upset, upset)使烦恼；使生气；搅乱
(教材P32)It seemed like a joke at first, but the girl was very upset.起初，这似乎是个玩笑，但女孩很难过。
upset sb. 使某人心烦意乱
upset the cup 把杯子打翻
upset the whole plan 打乱整个计划
be upset by/about/at sth. 为某事心烦意乱/不安
be upset with sb. 生某人的气
be upset that... 因……而心烦意乱/不安
This decision is likely to upset a lot of people.
这项决定很可能会使许多人不快。
She stood up suddenly, upsetting a glass of wine.
她突然站起来，碰倒了一杯酒。
I'm sorry if I've upset your plans for this evening.
如果我打乱了你今晚的计划，我非常抱歉。
Try not to be too upset about it.尽量不要为此过于烦恼。
I was upset that Debbie pretended not to see me when I passed by her.
当我从黛比旁边经过时，她假装没看见我，我很生气。
He was upset with her because she blocked him from her Wechat Moments.
他很生她的气，因为她对他屏蔽了自己的微信朋友圈。
一言助记：
The bad news upset me. As a result, I upset a glass of milk, which upset my plan for feeding the cat. My son was upset about it.那则坏消息让我心烦意乱。结果，我打翻了一杯牛奶，这打乱了我的喂猫计划。为此，我儿子不高兴了。
词语辨析：upset, nervous与anxious
易混词 辨析 例句
upset “心烦意乱的”，相当于rather unhappy Losing the watch made him upset.丢了那块手表使他心烦意乱。
nervous “紧张的，害怕的”，相当于rather afraid I felt very nervous before the exam.考试前我感到很紧张。
anxious “焦急的”，相当于worried The drought has made farmers anxious about the harvest.这场旱灾使农民们因担心收成而焦虑不安。
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空/一句多译/辨析填空：upset/nervous/anxious
①Because he didn't finish the work on time and was fired by the company, he ________________ (对……沮丧) it.
②I ______________ (感到沮丧) my friend did not come to school today.
③Try not to be too upset ________ it.
④It still ________ (upset) him when he thinks about the accident.
⑤Don't upset ________ (you) by thinking about what might have been.
让汤姆感到沮丧的是我们忘记了他的生日。
was/felt upset about
was/felt upset that
about
upsets
yourself
⑥___________________________________ (be upset about)
⑦___________________________________ (be upset that)
⑧___________________________________ (upset v．)
⑨They're all still very ________ about losing the case.
⑩I got very ________ waiting for my turn to be called.
My mother was always ________ when I came back late.
Tom is upset about our forgetting his birthday.
Tom is upset that we forgot his birthday.
What upsets Tom is that we forgot his birthday.
upset
nervous
anxious
8.familiar adj.熟悉的；熟知的；常见的；亲近的
(教材P33)Use a website you are familiar with.使用你熟悉的网站。
(sb.) be familiar with (某人)对……熟悉
be familiar to sb. 为某人所熟悉
be on familiar terms with 与……交情很好
get familiar with 熟悉；与……熟悉起来
look/sound familiar 看起来/听起来熟悉
in familiar surroundings 在熟悉的环境里
make you more familiar with China 让你更熟悉中国
We got familiar with our teacher soon.我们很快就和我们的老师熟悉了起来。
She is not only gifted in music but also is familiar with all kinds of musical instruments.
她不仅有音乐天赋，而且熟悉各种乐器。
Are you on familiar terms with Mr Johnson？你和约翰逊先生交情好吗？
易混比较：
I am familiar with his style of design.＝His style of design is familiar to me.我熟悉他的设计风格。/他的设计风格为我所熟悉。
形近词similar
be similar to与……相似
be similar in在……方面相似

一言辨异：
Though the new neighbourhood was not familiar to him, he found it was similar to his old one in some points.虽然他对这个新街区不是很熟悉，但是他发现这儿跟他原来住的街区在某些方面有相似之处。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar ________.
②None of us has ever been there, so the local customs are not so familiar ________ any of us.
③—Are you familiar ________ the customs here
—No, the place is unfamiliar ________ me.
④Are you ________ familiar terms with Mr Johnson
⑤He ____________ (熟悉) the cartoon character.
＝The cartoon character ___________ (为……所熟悉) him.
⑥My father ____________________ (和……关系好) the designer.
⑦Her ideas _____________________ (和我的相似)．
with
to
with
to
on
is familiar with
is familiar to
is on familiar terms with
are similar to mine
9.case n．盒；箱；情况；案件；病例
(教材P34)This case has two functions.这个盒子有两个功能。
in the latter case 在后一种情况下
a classic case 典型的案例
relate to the case 与案件有关
in most cases 在多数情况下
in case 以防，万一
in case of 万一，如果，防备
in case of emergency 万一发生紧急情况
in this/that case 既然这样/那样；在这种/那种情况下
in no case 绝不，无论如何都不
in any case 无论如何，不管怎样
as is often the case (with...) (对……)是常有的事
It is often the case that... 通常情况下……
In some cases people find it hard to preserve cultural heritage.
在某些情况下，人们发现很难保护文化遗产。
There are thousands of new cases of AIDS in Africa every year.
非洲每年都会出现许多艾滋病的新病例。
Take an umbrella, in case it rains.带把伞吧，以防下雨。
In case of fire, please ring the alarm bell.如遇火警，请按警铃。
In no case should anybody be allowed to stay here.绝不允许任何人在这里停留。
What is the reason, then In most cases, it is because these people simply do not enjoy the job they are doing.
那么，原因是什么呢？在大多数情况下，是因为这些人根本不喜欢他们正在做的工作。
This time, we stayed together, in case anything else unusual happened.
这一次我们待在一起，以防其他不寻常的事情发生。
学法点拨：case＋where/in which＋定语从句
在定语从句中，当先行词为case (情况), situation (情况，形势), position (位置；职位), condition (情形，条件), point (境地), stage (境地，阶段)等，并且关系词在从句中作状语时，常用where或in which引导定语从句。
Can you think of a situation where we can use this expression？你能想出一个我们可以使用这个表达的情景吗？
Her illness has developed to the point where nobody can cure her.她的病已经发展到了没人能治的地步。

比较：it is often the case that...通常情况下……
as is often the case (with...)(对……)是常有的事
前者that引导一个名词性从句，说明主语it的具有内容；后者as引导一个非限制性定语从句，主句在此从句的前面或后面皆可。
It is aften the case with other old people that my grandfather is fond of talking about his good old days.
As is often the case with other old people, my grandfather is fond of talking about his good old dyas.
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Today, we'll discuss a number of cases ________ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
②It is often the case ________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
③In case ________ fire, walk quickly to the nearest door.
④He may win the competition, ________ which case he is likely to get into the national team.
⑤There is no simple answer, ________ is often the case in science.
⑥I'll be out for some time. _______ (如果) anything important happens, call me up immediately.
⑦_________ (万一) emergency, break the glass and press the button.
⑧Anybody should ________ (无论如何不) be allowed to stay here.
where
that
of
in
as
In case
In case of
in no case
第二版块|重要短语
1.in shape状况良好
(教材P31)Xiao Bo is looking for an exercise app to help him get in shape.
小波正在寻找一款运动应用程序来帮助他健身。
get in shape 健身；获得健康
get into shape 强身健体
keep/stay in shape 保持良好身材
in good shape 处于良好状态
in great shape 处于非常好的状态
in/bad/poor shape 不健康；状态不好
联想拓展：
out of shape变形的，走样的；健康状况不好
in the shape of呈……的形状，以……的形状
take shape成形，有了模样
lose one's shape走样，变形
be back in shape回到良好状态
The old actor is still in good shape.那位老演员身体还很健康。
a pool in the shape of a heart心形的游泳池
The wheel has been twisted out of shape.轮子已经扭曲变形了。
I like to keep in shape at my convenience.我喜欢方便时健身。
即学即练　单句语法填空
①He's ________ good shape for a man of his age, which inspires his peers.
②Don't step on my hat; it is out ________ shape.
③For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake ________ the shape of a monkey.
④You were in great shape in the past. If you take some time to do running everyday, you are sure to be ________ in shape again.
in
of
in
back
2.keep track of掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态
(教材P31)Both of Xiao Bo's apps keep track of the steps he takes.小波的两个应用程序都记录了他所采取的步骤。
lose track of 不了解……的情况；与……失去联系
keep to the track 跟踪
on the track of 跟踪，追赶，尾随
be on the right/wrong track 思路正确/错误
As a doctor, Brooks has to keep track of the latest developments in medicine.
作为一名医生，布鲁克斯必须了解医学的最新发展动态。
He's lost all track of her since they left school.自他们毕业后，他完全失去了和她的联系。
It was not long before I tracked down the lost watch.不久我就找到了丢失的手表。
联想拓展：
follow his tracks循着他的足迹
track down追踪到，追查到
track and field田径；田径赛
thousands of miles of track数千英里的铁轨
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Keep track ________ children's use of social media, and parents want to confirm the safety of their kids.
②That's not the answer but you're ________ the right track.
③He finally managed to track ________ the book he wanted.
④We have been out of touch with each other for many years, and I find it difficult to ___________ (了解……的情况) my old friend now.
⑤I've ___________ (不记得) how many times I've seen that movie.
⑥Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. __________ (记录) your efforts and write down how you feel.
of
on
down
keep track of
lost track of
Keep track of
3.make fun of取笑；戏弄
(教材P32)A photo of her had been posted online and she was being made fun of.她的一张照片被发布在网上，被人取笑。
for fun 为了好玩
have fun doing sth. 做某事很开心
have fun 玩得开心
Making fun of the people whose houses were destroyed in the disaster is something that we should never do.取笑那些房子在灾难中被毁的人是我们绝不能做的事。
It's rude to make fun of the old.取笑老人是不礼貌的。
No one likes being made fun of.没有人喜欢被嘲笑。
make fun of的近义短语：
play a joke on开……的玩笑
laugh at嘲笑
make a fool of愚弄；欺骗
play a trick/tricks on sb.捉弄某人；对某人搞恶作剧
make a joke of sth.拿某事开玩笑

误区警示：
fun是不可数名词
a fun (×)
much/a lot of/great fun (√)
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Surprisingly, they didn't laugh ________ us.
②The boy made fun ________ me, so I became annoyed with him.
③Children like to play tricks ________ each other.
④The joke the naughty boy played ________ the old man made many people angry.
⑤_________________ (我常常被嘲笑) when I get out of breath after a short way.
⑥They put those articles in the newspaper to attract people's attention, just ________ (为了好玩)．
⑦没有人喜欢被戏弄，尤其是在公众场合。
No one likes to ____________， in particular in public.
at
of
on
on
I'm often made fun of
for fun
be made fun of
4.keep...in mind牢记(＝bear...in mind)
(教材P33)Tell the reader what they should do or keep in mind.告诉读者他们应该做什么或记住什么。
keep/bear in mind that... 记住……，将……记在心中
change one's mind 改变主意
make up one's mind (to do sth.) 下定决心(做某事)
fix one's mind on/upon 把注意力集中在……上
You must always keep the reader in mind when writing a report.
写报道的时候你一定要考虑读者。
We should keep in mind that traffic safety is of vital importance.
我们应该牢记交通安全是至关重要的。
联想拓展：
lose one's mind失去理智
read one's mind看出某人的心思
come to mind突然记起，突然想到
be/go out of one's mind心智失常，发疯
bring...to mind使……想起
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Williams' two books helped Benjamin to make up his mind ________ (be) a painter.
②And you also should keep in mind ________ comparing notes with your classmates frequently is a good way to improve your study.
③Keeping ________ mind how young she is, I thought she did really well.
④Keep in mind ________ success lies in hard work.
⑤Although he was very stubborn, I made up my mind __________ (persuade) him.
⑥Always ____________ (记住) that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.
⑦Jane _______________ (下定决心) to change her friend's negative attitude towards study.
⑧I was so angry that I ____________ (失去理智)．
to be
that
in
that
to persuade
keep in mind
made up her mind
lost my mind
第三版块|典型句式
1.whenever引导的状语从句
(教材P31)You get a message whenever there has been an update.
每当有更新时，你都会收到一条消息。
[句式分析]　本句为复合句。whenever引导一个时间状语从句，意为“每当……”“一……就……”。再如：
Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.每当你搬到一个新地方时，你都应该找到火灾报警器所在的位置和离你房间最近的两个出口。(locate位于，这里引申为“查找……的位置”)
whenever引导两类状语从句：
①引导时间状语从句，此时表示“每当”“一……就……”，与when用法相似，但语气更强。
②引导让步状语从句，此时表示“无论何时”，相当于at whatever time, no matter when等。
Whenever I'm unhappy, it is my friend who cheers me up.(＝No matter when I'm unhappy, it is my friend who cheers me up.)
不管什么时候我不高兴，总是我的朋友使我鼓起勇气。
归纳拓展：
引导让步状语从句的此类从属连词还有
wherever无论在哪儿
however无论多么
whoever无论是谁
whichever无论哪一个
whatever无论是什么

注意：以上引导词在引导让步状语从句时，都可以转换为no matter where/how/who/which/what。

教师提醒：
①wh-ever类词，还能引导名词性从句，在句中充当主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。
②这些从属连词引导让步状语从句时，可以与no matter where/how/who/which/what互换
即学即练　单句语法填空(用wh-ever类词或no matter)
①At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to ________ I need help.
②We should give a second thought to these ratings ______________________ we go shopping.
③It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.
④_______________________ you may go, he will not forget you.
⑤_____________________ problems you have, you can come to me for help.
⑥_____________________ telephones, tell them I'm out.
⑦________ breaks the law deserves a fine.
⑧________________________ you choose, make sure that it is a good one.
⑨______________________ rich some people are they always seem anxious to make more money.
whenever
whenever/no matter when
whatever
Wherever/No matter where
Whatever/No matter what
Whoever/No matter who
Whoever
Whichever/No matter which
However/No matter how
2.keep＋宾语＋宾补
(教材P31)This app keeps you updated on all your favourite topics.这个应用程序可以让你了解最新的所有你最喜欢的话题。
[句式分析]　该简单句中含有“keep＋宾语＋过去分词作宾补”的结构。
“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构意为“使……保持/处于某种状态”。宾补的形式：
keep you waiting 让你一直等候(现在分词)
keep you warm 让你暖和(形容词)
keep the rain out 挡雨(副词)
keep him out of trouble 别让他闯祸(介词短语)
keep it a secret 要保密(名词)
学法点拨：
除keep外，leave, find, make等动词也可接复合宾语结构。
You will find him a very outgoing young man.你会觉得他是一个非常外向的年轻人。
When I first came to New York, I had a lot of trouble making myself understood.
我刚到纽约时，想让人听懂我的话非常困难。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①He kept his son ________ (run) on the track in spite of the strong wind.
②You'd better take exercise every day so that you can keep your body ________ (health)．
③My manager asked me to keep an eye on the project and kept him ________ (inform) of the progress.
④我们应保持教室干净整齐。
We should __________________________.
⑤很抱歉，让你久等了。
I'm sorry to _________________ for so long.
running
healthy
informed
keep our classroom clean and tidy
have kept you waiting
3.the＋比较级．.., the＋比较级．..
(教材P32)However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked.然而，你越有礼貌，你被攻击的可能性就越小。
[句式分析]　该句中含有固定句式“the＋比较级．.., the＋比较级．..”。
“the＋比较级(＋主、谓), the＋比较级(＋主、谓)”表示“越……，就越……”。前者表示条件，后者表示结果。
the more..., the more...“越……，就越……”，是比较级中的一个常见句型。more是比较级的代表，应根据具体的情况用不同的比较级形式。
The more you know, the less you will realize you know.
你知道的越多，你就越会发现自己知道的太少。
The hotter the air is, the more quickly it will rise.
空气越热，它上升的速度就越快。
归纳拓展：
比较级＋and＋比较级　越来越……
more and more＋多音节形容词原级
stronger and stronger越来越强大
more and more important越来越重要
Our country is becoming more and more beautiful now.我们国家现在变得越来越美了。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The more, the ________ (good)．
②The ________ (hard) you study, the more progress you'll make.
③With the rapid economic development, China's position on the international stage is getting more and more ________ (importance)．
④你练习得越多，理解得就越透彻。
_________ you practice, _________ you can understand.
⑤一个人越博学，他通常就变得越谦虚。
________________ a man is, ________________ he usually becomes.
⑥Our country _______________________ (变得越来越富了)．
better
harder
important
The more
the better
The more learned
the more modest
is becoming richer and richer
4.First of all, ...Second，... Third，...首先，……第二，……第三，……
(教材P32)First of all, there's the golden rule of the Internet...Second, protect your privacy...Third, be polite.首先，互联网的黄金法则是……其次，保护你的隐私……最后，要有礼貌。
first(ly)．..and later... 首先……后来……
first...second...third... 第一……第二……第三……
firstly...secondly...thirdly... 第一……第二……第三……
联想拓展：
first of all第一，首先
what's more而且
besides其次
in addition另外
last but not least最后但也同样重要的是
on the one hand...on the other hand...
一方面……另一方面……
即学即练　完成句子
①很快，先是来自爱丁堡大学的学生，后来是来自牛津大学、剑桥大学、杜伦大学和伯明翰大学的学生，每年夏天都要前往苏格兰首府旅行。
Soon, groups of students ______ from Edinburgh University, and ______ from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer.
②一方面，他们想要签约，但另一方面，他们又不想放弃这么多的权利。
______________ they'd love to sign the agreement, but ______________ they don't want to give up so many rights.
firstly
later
On the one hand
on the other hand
5.so that引导目的状语从句
(教材P32)Trolls often use several false names so that they can stay on a site.为了长期待在一个网站上，网络挑事者经常使用多个假名。
[句式分析]　这是一个复合句。句中so that引导一个目的状语从句，意为“以便”“为了”。
(1)so that可以引导目的状语从句，意为“以便，为了”，此时相当于in order that，从句中往往有would, can, could, may, might等情态动词，表明动作尚未发生。
(2)so that还可以引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，所以”，从句动作往往已经发生。
They trained hard every day so that they could win glory for their homeland.
他们每天努力训练，为的是给祖国赢得荣誉。(目的)
Their niece was spoiled so that she became more and more naughty.
他们的侄女被宠坏了，结果她变得越来越调皮。(结果)
We'll sit in the front of the hall so that we can hear better.
＝We'll sit in the front of the hall so as to/in order to hear better.
我们坐在大厅的前面，以便听得清楚。
My mother gets up early every morning to cook breakfast so that I can go to school on time.＝My mother gets up early every morning to cook breakfast in order for me/so as for me to go to school on time.＝My mother gets up early every morning to cook breakfast in order to let me/so as to let me go to school on time.
妈妈每天早晨早起做饭，以便我能按时到校。
学法点拨：
(1)目的状语从句和结果状语从句的区分是看其是否谓语上有情态动词。含有情态动词的是目的状语从句；否则则是结果状语从句。
(2)目的状语从句与不定式、介词短语的互换。当从句和主句的主语一致时，则可以把目的状语从句直接改为不定式作目的状语，或用in order/so as to do形式作目的状语。如主从句主语不一致时，则可把目的状语从句改为for sb. to do...形式/或so as to/in order to let sb. do...形式。
(3)so that引导的从句往往位于句尾；in order that引导的从句位于句首、句尾皆可。

知识拓展：
so...that句式：
so＋adj./adv.＋that 引导的结果状语从句，意为“……是如此……以致于……”。
He was so tired at that time that he could not walk any further.他是如此的疲劳，以致于他再也不能向前走了。
这种句式可与“too... to do...”句式转换。
如上句可转换为：He was too tired to walk any further at that time.
即学即练　完成句子/一句多译
①咱们要到这个周末才能摘这些桃子，这样吃的时候它们就会足够甜。
Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend _______ they get sweet enough to be eaten.
②“不要误了晚饭，”保罗叔叔喊道，“沿着小路走，这样你们就不会迷路了！”
“Don't be late for supper，” Uncle Paul cried, “and keep to the track _______ you don't get lost！”
③他们决定为这项工程增加工人以免耽搁。
They decide to have more workers for the project __________ it won't be delayed.
为了让所有的人都注意她，她穿得像天使。
so that
so that
so that
④She dresses like an angel ___________________________ her.
⑤She dresses like an angel ___________________________ her.
⑥She dresses like an angel ___________________________ her.
⑦She dresses like an angel ___________________________ her.
⑧She dresses like an angel ___________________________ her.
⑨She dresses like an angel ___________________________ her.
so that everyone will notice
in order that everyone will notice
so as to let everyone notice
in order to let everyone notice
so as for everyone to notice
in order for everyone to notice
课时达标·随堂自测
·基础知识自测·
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The ________ (目标) of the guidelines is to set regulations for teens having access to the Internet.
2．Now that he was not familiar with this ________ (特别的) case, he had to give it up.
3．The author gives a detailed ________ (描述) of the functions of the network.
4．Those people who are often ________ (粗鲁的) to others with mean words on the Internet are considered as cyberbullies.
5．We have developed a new type of software with many ________ (功能)．
target
particular
account
rude
functions
6．________ (按压) the button and you can keep track of the person in the distance.
7．If you put money into our bank account, we'll give you a ________ (折扣)．
8．He met with an embarrassing case, which made him very ________ (心烦的)．
9．By using this application, you can ________ (确认) whether your online shopping is successful.
10．________ (点击) on the file and you will find the document and all the images.
Press
discount
upset
confirm
Click
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．What's ________ (particular) interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet's cause.
2．The more ________ (embarrass) or shameful the secret is, the juicier the gossip it makes.
答案与解析：particularly　副词修饰形容词interesting。句意：特别有趣的是，各个城市对Dubanchet事业的态度。
答案与解析：embarrassing　embarrassing修饰事物；embarrassed修饰人或人的表情、声音。此处修饰the secret，要用 ing形式。句意：秘密越是令人难堪或不体面，它产生的闲话就越具有吸引力。
3．Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun ________ each other...
4．She was too upset ________ (spend) much time at the real museum.
5．...I suggest that the next time you go to your mum's home for dinner, get a few cooking ________ (tip) from her.
答案与解析：of　make fun of取笑，嘲笑。句意：我们两个都有美国演员的典型品质和美德：幽默、好斗和取笑对方……
答案与解析：to spend　too...to...太……而不能……，to后要跟动词原形。句意：她太心烦没法在真正的博物馆里花太多的时间。
答案与解析：tips　a few修饰可数名词复数。句意：……我建议下次你去你妈妈家吃晚饭的时候，向她学习一些烹饪技巧。
6．By choosing to keep the outside of the home ________ great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.
7．Keep track ________ children's use of social media.
8．It's true, the ________ (old) I get, the more I feel time has wings.
答案与解析：in　in great shape状况良好。句意：通过选择保持室外的良好状态，你将有助于改善该地区的外观和感觉。
答案与解析：of　keep track of掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态。句意：跟踪孩子们使用社交媒体的情况。
答案与解析：older　“the＋比较级．.., the＋比较级．..”表示“越……，就越……”。句意：这是真的，随着年龄的增长，我越发觉得时间有翅膀。
9．Lighting accounts ________ about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.
10．Libraries will often hold reading-group sessions ________ (target) to various age groups.
答案与解析：for　account for(数量上、比例上)占。句意：照明约占美国总耗电量的7%。
答案与解析：targeted　过去分词短语targeted to...作定语，修饰sessions。句意：图书馆经常会针对不同年龄段的人举办阅读小组会议。
Ⅲ.短语填空
in shape， keep track of， make fun of， be familiar with， be familiar to， keep...in mind， as is often the case， be rude to， click on， make a comment
1．____________ that you don't press the button until the machine stops.
2．If you get stuck, _________ the link “Help”．
3．The website has _____________ its users and even provided false information.
4．In fact, you ________ your customers so your service is embarrassing.
5．Mary kept silent; she refused to ______________ on that issue.
Keep in mind
click on
made fun of
are rude to
make a comment
6．I ______________ this application, so I will install it on my computer.
7．The company account ____________ me, so I can withdraw cash.
8．Both apps have a number of functions and ___________ the steps we take.
9．This battery can last longer, keeping your smart phone ________.
10．________________， he was fined because he didn't limit his speed.
am familiar with
is familiar to
keep track of
in shape
As is often the case
·学科素养提升·
Ⅳ.短文语法填空
In the age of the smart phone, there seems no reason to ask questions about: the weather forecast, a business's phone number or directions, which can all be 1.________ (easy) found on the website, but very often people 2.________ (actual) ask these things by 3.________ (make) a call. Your answer may be replied to with a thank-you e-mail.
1.答案与解析：easily　found是过去分词，由副词修饰过去分词。
2.答案与解析：actually　副词可修饰形容词、副词、动词及整个句子。此处用副词作状语修饰ask。
3.答案与解析：making　by doing sth.意为“通过做某事”，用making。
This isn't the first time that great changes 4.________ (take) place in our manners due to technology. In 5.________ late 1870s, when the telephone 6.________ (invent), people didn't know how 7.________ (greet) a caller.
4.答案与解析：have taken　“It/This/That is＋the first (second...) time that＋主语＋现在完成时＋...”意为“某人第一(二……)次做某事”。根据从句中的主语great changes (复数形式)可知用have taken。
5.答案与解析：the　in the late 1870s意为“在19世纪70年代末”，用定冠词the。
6.答案与解析：was invented　句意：在19世纪70年代末，当电话被发明的时候，人们不知道如何问候打电话的人。the telephone和invent之间是被动关系，结合句意可知句子用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案为was invented。
7.答案与解析：to greet　此处是“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语，故答案为to greet。
Often there is just 8.________ (silent). Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor, suggested that people 9.________ (say) “Ahoy”， but finally “Hello” went out, the greeting used in everyday face-to-face communications now.
Try to be respectful no matter 10.________ you communicate with. Just keep it in mind that politeness never goes out of fashion.
8.答案与解析：silence　句意：通常只有沉默。此处是there be句型，用名词作主语，故答案为silence。
9.答案与解析：say/should say　suggest (建议)后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气“(should＋)动词原形”，should可以省略，故答案为say/should say。
10.答案与解析：who/whom　句意：无论你和谁交流，都要尽量尊重对方。communicate with sb.“与某人交流”。