人教版（2019） 必修 第二册 Unit 5 Music 课件+学案（10份打包）

(共23张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
听说培养·重在基础
知识探究·讲练互动
课时达标·随堂自测
听说培养·重在基础
[发音技巧]
英语中爆破音的发音技巧
爆破音是发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍，然后气流冲破阻碍而发出的音。英语中有6个爆破音，即/p/、/b/、/t/、/d/、/k/、/ɡ/。但在某些情况下，发爆破音时，气流不必冲破阻碍，而只是发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍并稍做停顿(也就是说，做出要发出这个爆破音的准备，但不要发出声来)，这样的发音过程叫不完全爆破。
1．/p/、/b/、/t/、/d/、/k/、/ɡ/这6个爆破音中的任何两个音素相邻时，前者发不完全爆破音，后者则要完全地、彻底地进行爆破。例如：
(1)He has a ba(d) col(d) today.
(2)You shoul(d) ta(k)e care of the children.
(3)Gla(d) to mee(t) you.
2．爆破音/p/、/b/、/t/、/d/、/k/、/ɡ/在/t /、/d /、/w/、/t/的前面时不完全爆破。例如：
(1)Have you read the book about tha(t) child
(2)The thir(d) chair is broken.
3．爆破音/p/、/b/、/t/、/d/、/k/、/ɡ/在/m/、/n/、/l/、/s/的前面时不完全爆破。例如：
(1)Goo(d) morning, sir.
(2)Goo(d) night.
(3)They are very frien(d)ly to us.
[即学即练]
Ⅰ.听录音填写正确单词(注意爆破音)
1．I ________ know what to do.
2．I'd like to try on ________ shirt.
3．Some can even ________ me cry, just like before.
4．Those old melodies still sound so ________ to me.
Ⅱ.听录音填写正确单词(注意爆破音)
1．________by step and be versatile.
2．Wish you could come ________ to me.
3．We had a ________ time together.
4．Do you like ________ tea
5．And ________ that he just doesn't see.
don't
that
make
good
Step
back
good
black
pretend
[技法指导]
如何抓住关键词
听力考试常出现以where或what提问的问句，考生要通过对话的具体情节和背景判断对话发生的地点。一般来说，特定场景的用语和关键词是基本固定的，考生要对此多了解、熟悉。在遇到“Where does the conversation take place？/Where do(es) sb. work？/What is the job？”之类的问题时，就会派上用场。
对于听力第一节中的五道简短对话题，要根据问题的类型，从第二个讲话者的答语中来捕捉关键词。
[典例]　What's the man going to do
A．Run to the airport.
B．Wait for another bus.
C．Hurry to get the next bus.
[听力原文]　
M：Excuse me, can you tell me when the next bus leaves for the airport
W：It leaves in three minutes. If you run, you might catch it.
[分析]　根据选项可知，对话应与bus有关，主要信息捕捉范围是hurry或wait。听音范围明显缩小。关键词run和catch正好对应选项C中的hurry和get。故选C。
[对点演练]
听音练题
1．Where does this conversation take place
A．In a classroom. B．In a hospital. C．In a museum.
2．What does Jack want to do
A．Take fitness classes. B．Buy a pair of gym shoes.
C．Change his work schedule.
3．What are the speakers talking about
A．What to drink. B．Where to meet. C．When to leave.
4．What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Colleagues. B．Classmates. C．Strangers.
B
A
B
C
知识探究·讲练互动
核心单词
1.classical adj.古典的；经典的
(教材P50)A Chinese traditional　B classical　C country music　D hip-hop
A中国传统音乐　B古典音乐　C乡村音乐　D嘻哈乐
classical music 古典音乐
classical literature 古典文学
a classical musician 一位古典音乐家
a classical composer 一位古典音乐作曲家
classical ballet/dance 古典芭蕾舞/舞蹈
词语辨析：
classical与classic
(1)classical表示西方古典音乐及其他传统的事物。
(2)classic指经典的、优秀的、一流的，如a classic movie(经典影片)；也可表示典型的，如a classic example(典型实例)，a classic mistake(典型错误)。
即学即练　完成句子
①He plays ____________ (古典音乐) as well as pop music and jazz.
②Beethoven is _________________ (一位古典音乐作曲家)．
③Too many job hunters _____________________ (犯这种典型错误) of thinking only about what's in it for them.
classical music
a classical composer
make the classic mistake
2.energy n．能源；能量；精力
(教材P51)I like to listen to it when I exercise. It gives me energy.
我喜欢在运动的时候听音乐。它给我能量。
full of energy (＝energetic) 精力充沛
have the energy to do sth. 有精力做某事
devote one's energies to... 某人把精力投入到……
put a lot of energy into... 投入很大的精力到……
The youth are always full of energy.年轻人总是精力充沛。
I didn't even have the energy to get out of bed.我连下床的力气都没了。
词语积累：
energetic adj.精力充沛的，精神饱满的；积极的

常见搭配：
be energetic in doing sth.积极做某事
an energetic tennis player一位精力充沛的网球运动员
feel energetic感觉精力充沛
keep energetic保持活力
[词语辨析]　energy, strength, force与power
易混词 辨析 例句
energy 能源；能量；精力 It's a waste of time and energy.
那是浪费时间和精力。
strength 力气，力量；强度 He lifted the stone with all his strength.
他用尽全力举起了那块石头。
force 武力，暴力；部队 Peace cannot be imposed by force.
和平不能通过武力来实现。
power 权力；能力；动力 Congress has the power to make laws.
国会有权制定法律。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子/辨析填空：energy/strength/force/power
①Do you wake up every morning feeling ________ (energy) and ready to start a new day
②He works so hard that he doesn't have the energy _______ (exercise)．
③I admire her because she is always ___________ (精力充沛)．
④This was a time when people must _________________________ (把他们所有的精力用在……上) work.
⑤I'm concerned about the urgent situation, but it is beyond my _______.
⑥Jack often takes exercise, so he is full of ________.
⑦He pushed the car into the river with all his ________.
⑧He lost the key, so he had to open his door by ________.
energetic
to exercise
full of energy
apply/devote all their energy to
power
energy
strength
force
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He is always full of ________ (能量，精力) when he listens to the hip-hop.
2．Pipa is a kind of Chinese classical ________ (有弦的) instrument, which gives beautiful sound.
3．I fall in love with classical music because it is good for the ________ (心灵)．
4．I felt very proud when I jumped onto the stage to receive the ________ (奖品)．
5．They drank beer while listening to ________ (经典的) music.
energy
stringed
soul
award
classical
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．If you put the things all together, you put them ________.
2．That classical music reminds me ________ a well-known composer.
3．What are the advantages and disadvantages of ________ (be) a member of a virtual choir
4．The four countries that belong ________ the United Kingdom work together in some areas.
5．Some of his ____________ (achieve) include his original hip-hop compositions.
altogether
of
being
to
achievements
6．SOS is a signal ________ (show) to other people that you are in danger and need help quickly.
7．Imagine ________ (have) the opportunity to sing together with hundreds of other people while you are at home alone.
8．It has proved to be a positive influence ________ the lives of many people.
9．________ (move) by the performance they had given, the audience could hardly calm down.
10．The two __________ (phenomenon) are closely connected to each other.
showing
having
on/upon
Moved
phenomena
Ⅲ.短语填空
with heart and soul； on stage； give a performance； around the world； play an important role； feel like； take part in； add...to...； fall in love with； for the time being
1．He often plays the piano ____________ and wins awards.
2．The actress herself came and ___________________ on techno at the party, which was welcomed and inspiring.
3．When I recovered from a disease, I ________ a stranger in my family.
4．He _____________ pop music because it enables him to be filled with strength.
5．Music ___________________ in our lives. There can be no romantic life without music.
on stage
gave a performance
felt like
falls in love with
plays an important role
6．Music enables you to forget your troubles and sorrows ___________.
7．Anyone can ____________ a virtual choir from anywhere—all you need is a video camera and an Internet connection.
8．A virtual choir enables them to ________ their voices ________ those of other individuals.
9．The virtual choir is for people _____________ to sing with one voice and thus make the world a better place.
10．Musicians, including singers, composers and performers, should serve the people ________________.

for the time being
take part in
add
to
around the world
with heart and soulUnit 5 Music
先 知
核 心 单 词 重 点 短 语 单 元 语 法 单 元 写 作
classical; energy; soul; opportunity; perform; performance; studio; ordinary; enable; prove; composer; conductor; original; altogether; thus; band; nowadays; gradual; capable; relief; cure; previous; unemployed; album; impact; aim; equipment; talent; piano; assume; addition; disease; ache; treatment; moreover; satisfaction; various; somehow; repetition; outline; reaction fall in love with; be absorbed in sth./sb.; set sth. up; try out; in addition (to sb./sth.); from (then) on; get through 过去分词作表语和状语 演讲稿
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
[发音技巧]
英语中爆破音的发音技巧
爆破音是发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍，然后气流冲破阻碍而发出的音。英语中有6个爆破音，即/p/、/b/、/t/、/d/、/k/、/ɡ/。但在某些情况下，发爆破音时，气流不必冲破阻碍，而只是发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍并稍做停顿(也就是说，做出要发出这个爆破音的准备，但不要发出声来)，这样的发音过程叫不完全爆破。
1．/p/、/b/、/t/、/d/、/k/、/ɡ/这6个爆破音中的任何两个音素相邻时，前者发不完全爆破音，后者则要完全地、彻底地进行爆破。例如：
(1)He has a ba(d) col(d) today.
(2)You shoul(d) ta(k)e care of the children.
(3)Gla(d) to mee(t) you.
2．爆破音/p/、/b/、/t/、/d/、/k/、/ɡ/在/t /、/d /、/w/、/t/的前面时不完全爆破。例如：
(1)Have you read the book about tha(t) child
(2)The thir(d) chair is broken.
3．爆破音/p/、/b/、/t/、/d/、/k/、/ɡ/在/m/、/n/、/l/、/s/的前面时不完全爆破。例如：
(1)Goo(d) morning, sir.
(2)Goo(d) night.
(3)They are very frien(d)ly to us.
[即学即练]
Ⅰ.听录音填写正确单词(注意爆破音)
1．I ________ know what to do.
2．I'd like to try on ________ shirt.
3．Some can even ________ me cry, just like before.
4．Those old melodies still sound so ________ to me.
Ⅱ.听录音填写正确单词(注意爆破音)
1．________by step and be versatile.
2．Wish you could come ________ to me.
3．We had a ________ time together.
4．Do you like ________ tea
5．And ________ that he just doesn't see.
[技法指导]
如何抓住关键词
听力考试常出现以where或what提问的问句，考生要通过对话的具体情节和背景判断对话发生的地点。一般来说，特定场景的用语和关键词是基本固定的，考生要对此多了解、熟悉。在遇到“Where does the conversation take place？/Where do(es) sb. work？/What is the job？”之类的问题时，就会派上用场。
对于听力第一节中的五道简短对话题，要根据问题的类型，从第二个讲话者的答语中来捕捉关键词。
[典例]　What's the man going to do
A．Run to the airport.
B．Wait for another bus.
C．Hurry to get the next bus.
[听力原文]　
M：Excuse me, can you tell me when the next bus leaves for the airport
W：It leaves in three minutes. If you run, you might catch it.
[分析]　根据选项可知，对话应与bus有关，主要信息捕捉范围是hurry或wait。听音范围明显缩小。关键词run和catch正好对应选项C中的hurry和get。故选C。
[对点演练]
听音练题
1．Where does this conversation take place
A．In a classroom.
B．In a hospital.
C．In a museum.
2．What does Jack want to do
A．Take fitness classes. B．Buy a pair of gym shoes.
C．Change his work schedule.
3．What are the speakers talking about
A．What to drink. B．Where to meet.
C．When to leave.
4．What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Colleagues. B．Classmates.
C．Strangers.
核心单词
1.classical adj.古典的；经典的
(教材P50)A Chinese traditional　B classical　C country music　D hip-hop
A中国传统音乐　B古典音乐　C乡村音乐　D嘻哈乐
classical music 古典音乐
classical literature 古典文学
a classical musician 一位古典音乐家
a classical composer 一位古典音乐作曲家
classical ballet/dance 古典芭蕾舞/舞蹈
词语辨析：
classical与classic
(1)classical表示西方古典音乐及其他传统的事物。
(2)classic指经典的、优秀的、一流的，如a classic movie(经典影片)；也可表示典型的，如a classic example(典型实例)，a classic mistake(典型错误)。
即学即练　完成句子
①He plays ____________ (古典音乐) as well as pop music and jazz.
②Beethoven is ______________________ (一位古典音乐作曲家)．
③Too many job hunters ________________________ (犯这种典型错误) of thinking only about what's in it for them.
2.energy n．能源；能量；精力
(教材P51)I like to listen to it when I exercise. It gives me energy.
我喜欢在运动的时候听音乐。它给我能量。
full of energy (＝energetic) 精力充沛
have the energy to do sth. 有精力做某事
devote one's energies to... 某人把精力投入到……
put a lot of energy into... 投入很大的精力到……
The youth are always full of energy.年轻人总是精力充沛。
I didn't even have the energy to get out of bed.我连下床的力气都没了。
词语积累：
energetic adj.精力充沛的，精神饱满的；积极的
常见搭配：
be energetic in doing sth.积极做某事
an energetic tennis player一位精力充沛的网球运动员
feel energetic感觉精力充沛
keep energetic保持活力
[词语辨析]　energy, strength, force与power
易混词 辨析 例句
energy 能源；能量；精力 It's a waste of time and energy. 那是浪费时间和精力。
strength 力气，力量；强度 He lifted the stone with all his strength. 他用尽全力举起了那块石头。
force 武力，暴力；部队 Peace cannot be imposed by force. 和平不能通过武力来实现。
power 权力；能力；动力 Congress has the power to make laws. 国会有权制定法律。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子/辨析填空：energy/strength/force/power
①Do you wake up every morning feeling ________ (energy) and ready to start a new day
②He works so hard that he doesn't have the energy ________ (exercise)．
③I admire her because she is always ________________________ (精力充沛)．
④This was a time when people must ________________________ (把他们所有的精力用在……上) work.
⑤I'm concerned about the urgent situation, but it is beyond my ________.
⑥Jack often takes exercise, so he is full of ________.
⑦He pushed the car into the river with all his ________.
⑧He lost the key, so he had to open his door by ________.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He is always full of ________ (能量，精力) when he listens to the hip-hop.
2．Pipa is a kind of Chinese classical ________ (有弦的) instrument, which gives beautiful sound.
3．I fall in love with classical music because it is good for the ________ (心灵)．
4．I felt very proud when I jumped onto the stage to receive the ________ (奖品)．
5．They drank beer while listening to ________ (经典的) music.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．If you put the things all together, you put them ________.
2．That classical music reminds me ________ a well-known composer.
3．What are the advantages and disadvantages of ________ (be) a member of a virtual choir
4．The four countries that belong ________ the United Kingdom work together in some areas.
5．Some of his ________ (achieve) include his original hip-hop compositions.
6．SOS is a signal ________ (show) to other people that you are in danger and need help quickly.
7．Imagine ________ (have) the opportunity to sing together with hundreds of other people while you are at home alone.
8．It has proved to be a positive influence ________ the lives of many people.
9．________ (move) by the performance they had given, the audience could hardly calm down.
10．The two ________ (phenomenon) are closely connected to each other.
Ⅲ.短语填空
with heart and soul； on stage； give a performance； around the world； play an important role； feel like； take part in； add...to...； fall in love with； for the time being
1．He often plays the piano ____________ and wins awards.
2．The actress herself came and ____________ on techno at the party, which was welcomed and inspiring.
3．When I recovered from a disease, I ____________ a stranger in my family.
4．He ____________ pop music because it enables him to be filled with strength.
5．Music ____________ in our lives. There can be no romantic life without music.
6．Music enables you to forget your troubles and sorrows ____________.
7．Anyone can ____________ a virtual choir from anywhere—all you need is a video camera and an Internet connection.
8．A virtual choir enables them to ________ their voices ________ those of other individuals.
9．The virtual choir is for people ____________ to sing with one voice and thus make the world a better place.
10．Musicians, including singers, composers and performers, should serve the people ____________.
Unit 5　Music
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
听说培养·重在基础
[即学即练]
Ⅰ.
1．don't　2.that　3.make　4.good
听力原文：
1．I don't know what to do.
2．I'd like to try on that shirt.
3．Some can even make me cry, just like before.
4．Those old melodies still sound so good to me.
Ⅱ.
1．Step　2.back　3.good　4.black　5.pretend
听力原文：
1．Step by step and be versatile.
2．Wish you could come back to me.
3．We had a good time together.
4．Do you like black tea
5．And pretend that he just doesn't see.
[对点演练]
1．B　2.A　3.B　4.C
【听力原文】
Text 1
W: Excuse me, sir, visiting hours are over now. Your wife must get some rest.
M: Oh, I'm sorry, doctor. I didn't hear the bell, or I would have left earlier.
Text 2
M: Hello, my name is Jack. I need to get in shape. How do I register for the classes
W: We'll need you to join the gym, and then you can find out which classes fit your schedule the best.
Text 3
W: I'll see you at the theatre.
M: Better still, let's meet in the Red Lion bar to have a little nice talk.
W: Good idea, and I'd love to have a drink there.
Text 4
M: Hello, my name is John Arber. And I'm calling to ask about the position advertised in Friday's Daily Mail.
W: Yes，the position is still open. You could come over and have a talk with us.
知识探究·讲练互动
核心单词
1．①classical music　②a classical composer　③make the classic mistake
2．①energetic　②to exercise　③full of energy　④apply/devote all their energy to　⑤power　⑥energy　⑦strength　⑧force
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．energy　2.stringed　3.soul　4.award　5.classical
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．altogether　2.of　3.being　4.to　5.achievements　6.showing　7.having　8.on/upon　9.Moved　10.phenomena
Ⅲ.短语填空
1．on stage　2.gave a performance　3.felt like　4.falls in love with　5.plays an important role　6.for the time being　7.take part in　8.add　to　9.around the world　10.with heart and soul
8(共80张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
课文预习·解疑清障
语篇细研·教材精读
知识探究·讲练互动
课时达标·随堂自测
课文预习·解疑清障
[课文内容]
THE VIRTUAL CHOIR
Imagine① having the opportunity② to sing together with hundreds of other people while you are at home alone. 【1】 You can do this in a virtual choir. Virtual choir members record themselves while they perform③ alone on video. These videos are uploaded onto④ the Internet, and then they are put together into one video that you can see online — a virtual choir. 【2】Anyone can take part in a virtual choir from anywhere — all you need is a video camera and an Internet connection 【3】. You do not even need a studio⑤. A virtual choir helps connect ordinary⑥ people together. Many people do not have close friends or contacts⑦ who have the same interest in music. Many others do not have the chance to join a local choir.
A virtual choir enables⑧ them to add their voices to those of other individuals and become part of the global community. It has proved⑨ to be a positive influence on the lives of many people. As one virtual choir member said 【4】， “Music helps me to...forget my problems. With music, I become someone else.”
【1】该句为复合句，其中包含由从属连词while引导的时间状语从句，主句为祈使句Imagine having the... other people。
【2】该句中连词and连接两个并列分句；在第二个分句中含有一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句，先行词为one video。
【3】该句主语部分包含了一个省略关系代词that的定语从句，其先行词为all且all作整个句子的主语。
【4】该句为关系代词As引导的定语从句，As在此表示“正如”。
The virtual choir was the idea of award-winning composer and conductor Eric Whitacre. Born in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988. He fell in love with Mozart's classical music when he sang for the university choir. Moved by this music 【5】， he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.” He graduated from university in 1995, and then received a master's degree in musical composition from the Juilliard School in New York in 1997. Over the next 10 years, Whitacre's original compositions began to become quite popular among choirs and singers. This led to the creation of the virtual choir.
【5】此处过去分词短语Moved by this music作状语，表示原因。
In 2009, Whitacre received a video of a girl who was singing one of his works. Inspired, he asked his fans to make videos, which he then joined together into one performance 【6】. His first virtual choir, “Lux Aurumque”， had 185 singers from 12 different countries. It has received millions of views on the Internet. Since then ， the virtual choir has become a worldwide phenomenon . Whitacre's next effort was the Virtual Youth Choir for UNICEF, which was first seen on stage on 23 July 2014 in the UK. Altogether, 2,292 young people from 80 countries joined in to sing Whitacre's song “What If”．
【6】此处为由which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为videos。
The virtual choir is a wonderful way for people around the world to sing with one voice and thus make the world a better place. 【7】
【7】该句中连词and连接两个并列谓语is和make; for people around the world to sing with one voice作定语，修饰a wonderful way; make the world a better place为“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，名词短语a better place在此作宾补。
[词语积累]
①imagine vt.想象(接动词作宾语时只接v.-ing形式，不接to do)
imagination n．想象，想象力
imaginative adj.富于想象力的
②opportunity/ p 'tju n ti/n.机会；时机
[同义]chance机会
have the opportunity/chance to do sth.有做某事的机会
③perform/p 'f (r)m/vt.& vi.表演；履行；执行
④onto/' nt /prep.(朝)向
be uploaded onto the Internet被上传到网上
⑤studio/'stju di /n.演播室；(音乐的)录音棚；工作室
⑥ordinary/' dnri/adj.普通的；平凡的；一般的
⑦contact n. [熟词生义]熟人，(尤指)社会关系
⑧enable/ 'ne bl/vt.使能够；使可能
⑨prove/pru v/vt.证明；展现
⑩award-winning adj.获奖的
[构词法]award-winning为“n.＋现在分词”构成的复合形容词。类似的词还有：peace-loving爱好和平的， freedom-loving爱好自由的， job-hunting找工作的， time-saving节省时间的。
award/ 'w d/vt.授予 n．奖品
composer/k m'p z (r)/n.作曲者；作曲家
compose vt.作曲，创作(音乐)
conductor/k n'd kt (r)/n.(乐队、合唱团等的)指挥；(公共汽车的)售票员
conduct/k n'd kt/vt.指挥(歌唱或音乐演奏)
conduct an orchestra/choir指挥管弦乐队/合唱团
fall in love with爱上
master's degree硕士学位
get/receive a master's degree获得硕士学位
bachelor's degree学士学位/doctor's degree博士学位
“degree＋in＋专业”表示某专业的学位
since then自从那时以来，常与现在完成时态连用。
[思考]常与现在完成时态连用的时间状语有哪些？
phenomenon/f 'n m n n/n.(pl. phenomena/- n /)现象
effort n. [熟词生义]努力的结果，成就
stage/ste d /n.(多指剧场中的)舞台；(发展或进展的)时期；阶段
put...on the stage上演……
set the stage for...为……做准备，为……铺平道路
join in参加，加入
[人物小传]
Eric Whitacre(埃里克·惠塔克)是美国作曲家，指挥家和讲师。21岁即完成首部合唱作品。他的多部作品如Water Night、A Boy and a Girl、The Seal Lullaby等均在合唱标准曲目之列。他的交响乐作品October、Equus等也大受欢迎。2001年，惠塔克成为由美国合唱指挥协会颁发的Raymond C. Broke协会奖有史以来最年轻的获得者。2007年，惠塔克的合唱专辑《倾盆大雨》国际畅销，登顶古典音乐流行榜，并获得格莱美提名。惠塔克在2010年10月被任命为剑桥大学西德尼苏塞克斯学院常驻作曲家和客座研究员。
[课文释译]
虚拟合唱团
想象一下，当你独自在家的时候，有机会和几百个人一起唱歌。你可以在虚拟合唱团中这样做。虚拟合唱团的成员在独自进行表演时为自己录制视频。这些视频被上传到互联网上，然后被合成一个视频，这就是你可以在网上看到的——虚拟合唱团。任何人在任何地方都可以加入虚拟合唱团，你所需要的只是一台摄像机和网络连接。你甚至不需要演播室。虚拟合唱团有助于将普通人联系到一起。许多人没有和自己一样对音乐感兴趣的密友或熟人。还有很多人没有机会加入本地的合唱团。虚拟合唱团可以让他们将自己的声音加入到其他人的声音中，并成为全球社区的一部分。事实证明，这对很多人的生活都产生了积极的影响。正如一位虚拟合唱团成员所说：“音乐帮我……忘记自己(遭遇)的难题。有了音乐，我就变成了另一个人。”
虚拟合唱团是获奖作曲家兼指挥家埃里克·惠塔克的创意。惠塔克于1970年1月2日出生于美国，1988年开始在内华达大学学习音乐。他在大学合唱团唱歌时，爱上了莫扎特的古典音乐。他被这种音乐打动了，他说：“那种(兴奋的)感觉就如同是第一次看见色彩一样。”他1995年大学毕业，随后于1997年获纽约茱莉亚音乐学院音乐创作硕士学位。在接下来的10年里，惠塔克的原创音乐作品开始在合唱团和歌手中变得非常流行。这也促成了虚拟合唱团的诞生。2009年，惠塔克收到了一段视频，视频中一个女孩正在演唱他的一首作品。受此启发，他让粉丝们拍摄视频，然后他把这些视频合成一场表演。他的第一个虚拟合唱团“Lux Aurumque”就有来自12个不同国家的185名歌手。这场表演已经在互联网上获得了数百万的浏览量。从那时起，虚拟合唱团已经成为一个世界级的现象。
惠塔克的第二个壮举是打造联合国儿童基金会“虚拟青年合唱团”，该团于2014年7月23日在英国首次登台演出。总共有来自80个国家的2 292名青年参与演唱惠塔克的歌曲《如果》。
虚拟合唱团是一个奇妙的方式，让世界各地的人们用同一个声音歌唱，从而使世界变得更美好。
语篇细研·教材精读
1．课文结构图解
2．阅读理解(根据课文内容选择正确答案)
(1)What is the main idea of the text
A．The virtual choir.
B．Eric Whitacre — the composer.
C．Influence of the virtual choir.
D．Compositions of Eric Whitacre.
(2)What is the author's attitude towards the virtual choir
A．Neutral. B．Negative.
C．Positive D．Unknown
A
C
(3)If you want to take part in a virtual choir, you need ________.
A．a video camera and some instruments
B．a band and some professional singers
C．a video camera and an Internet connection
D．a master's degree in musical composition
(4)Why does the virtual choir prove to be a good influence on the lives of many people
A．It helps to connect ordinary people together.
B．It enables them to be part of the global community.
C．It helps them to find those with the same interest.
D．It enables them to forget their daily problems for a while.
C
D
(5)Please choose the correct order for the following events of Eric Whitacre.
a．studying music at the university of Nevada
b．conducting the Virtual Youth Choir for UNICEF
c．receiving a master's degree in music composition
d．his original composition became popular among choirs and singers
A．a－c－b－d B．a－c－d－b
C．c－b－d－a D．c－d－b－a
B
知识探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1.composition n．成分；(音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品
(教材P52)Over the next 10 years, Whitacre's original compositions began to become quite popular among choirs and singers.
在接下来的十年中，惠塔克的原创作品开始在合唱团和歌手之中流行。
compose vt. 作曲，创作；组成，构成
composer n. 作曲者；作曲家
We must limit the composition to 1,000 words.
我们必须把作文限制在1 000字以内。
The audience is composed largely of young people.
观众中大部分都是年轻人。
归纳与拓展：
a composition by Mozart莫扎特的音乐作品
revise a composition修改作文
compose/write music作曲
compose/write a song写歌
compose a letter/poem/speech写信/诗/演讲稿
be composed of由……组成/构成
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Mozart ________ (compose) his last opera shortly before he died.
②His dual role as a ________ (compose) and conductor made him very busy.
③Yesterday he worked late into night _________ (compose) a song for the sportmeeting that will take place in a week.
④He is the person who often _____________ (作曲) for youngsters and children.
composed
composer
composing
composes music
2.opportunity n．机会；时机
(教材P52)Imagine having the opportunity to sing together with hundreds of other people while you are at home alone.想象一下，独自在家时，你有机会和几百个人一道引吭高歌。
opportunity
offer/get/miss/lose/seize an opportunity 提供/得到/错过/失去/抓住机会
take the/this opportunity to do sth. 利用这个机会做某事
give/offer sb. an opportunity 给某人一个机会
This performance gives students the opportunity to show their talents.
这次演出给了学生们展示才华的机会。
Give him the opportunity of explaining what happened.
给他机会解释一下发生了什么事。
I'd like to take this opportunity to express my attitude to this event.
我想借此机会表达我对这次活动的态度。
It would be foolish to let such an opportunity slip; it is the chance of a lifetime.
让这样的机会溜掉实在是太愚蠢了，这是千载难逢的机会。
词语辨析：
opportunity与chance
(1)opportunity带有恰逢其时、正好便利行事的意味，有期待的含义。
(2)chance(机会)强调其偶然性，含有侥幸的意味。

词语拓展：
[近]chance n．机会
a chance to do sth.做某事的机会
take a chance冒险；碰运气
Chances are (It is likely that)．..可能……
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①This new start gave me an opportunity ________ (redefine) myself and discover an entirely new version of “cool”．
②Our company provides equal ___________ (opportunity) for women.
③As a grassroots singer, she reads everything she can get hold of concerning music, and ________________________________ (利用一切机会来自我提升)．
④The students are looking forward to ___________________________ (有机会探索) society for real-life experience.
to redefine
opportunities
takes every opportunity to improve herself
having an opportunity to explore
3.perform vi.& vt.表演；履行；执行
(教材P52)Virtual choir members record themselves while they perform alone on video.
虚拟合唱团的成员们把各自的歌唱视频录制下来。
performance n. 表演；演技；表现
give a performance 演出
performer n. 表演者；演员
The blogger was amazed to know that he was chosen to perform on stage.
得知自己被选中上台表演，这位博主感到很惊讶。
The play was first performed in 1987.这部剧于1987年首次上演。
A computer can perform many tasks at once.电脑能同时执行多项任务。
Don't blame him. He has performed his duty.不要责备他。他已经尽职尽责了。
Most students performed well in the test.大多数学生在这个测验中表现得很好。
搭配归纳：
perform music演奏音乐
perform one's promise履行某人的诺言
perform one's duty尽某人的职责
perform an operation做手术
perform an experiment做实验
perform well/badly/poorly表现得好/不好/差
perform one's duty尽某人的职责
即学即练　写出句中的perform的含义/完成句子/单句语法填空
①Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it being performed live is quite another.________
②The team performed badly on Saturday.________
③The scientist was performing a research. He found this insect contained a powerful drug.________
④The doctor decided to ________________ (动手术) on the patient at once.
⑤Catherine ________________________ (在……中起重要作用) our organization.
⑥The dancer's incredible __________ (perform) had the audience on its feet clapping for 10 minutes at the end of the show.
⑦She is a famous ________ (perform)．
演奏
表现
做
perform an operation
performs an important role in
performance
performer
4.ordinary adj.普通的；平凡的
(教材P52)A virtual choir helps connect ordinary people together.虚拟合唱团将普通人联系起来。
The book is about ordinary people.这本书描写的是普通人。
This is an ordinary day for this poor old man.对这位可怜的老人而言，这是平凡的一天。
In the ordinary way, she's a confident person.一般来说，她是一个自信的人。
[词语辨析]　ordinary, common, usual与normal
易混词 辨析 例句
ordinary 指普通，无奇特之处(反：special) Her mother is an ordinary teacher.
她的母亲是一位普通的教师。
common 指常见、不足为奇 Rabbits are common in Britain.
兔子在英国很常见。
usual 指惯例、惯常 We will meet at the usual place.
我们将在老地方见面。
normal 指标准、正常 Her temperature is normal.
她的体温正常。
常见搭配：
common sense常识
common practice惯例
as usual照例
return to normal回归正常

常见搭配：
ordinary people普通人
an ordinary-looking man一个相貌普通的人
ordinary clothes普通的衣服
an ordinary day平常的一天
in the ordinary way一般，通常
out of the ordinary不寻常
即学即练　完成句子/辨析填空：ordinary/common/usual/normal
①普通人怎样才能打破世界纪录呢？
How can _____________ break a world record
②平常我不愿去那里，但这次我不得不去。
I wouldn't go there _________________， but this time I had to.
③Though she is ill, she keeps on working as ________.
④We're very ________ people—there's nothing special about us.
⑤It's ________ to feel exhausted after such a long journey.
⑥Many ________ birds are becoming fewer and fewer now.
ordinary people
in the ordinary way
usual
ordinary
normal
common
5.enable vt.使能够；使可能
(教材P52)A virtual choir enables them to add their voices to those of other individuals...
虚拟合唱团让他们能够与其他人一起欢歌……
This pass enables me to travel half-price on trains.我用这张通行证可以半价乘火车。
This dictionary will enable better international understanding.
这部词典将促进国际间更好的理解。
即学即练　单句语法填空/翻译句子
①Being exposed to English frequently enables us ________ (have) a good command of this language.
②飞机使人们能够很快地作远距离旅行。
___________________________________________________________
to have
Airplanes/Planes enable people to travel great distances rapidly.
常见搭配：
enable sb. to do sth.使某人能够做某事；使某人有能力做某事
enable sth. to...使某事物能……
be able to do sth.能够做某事
6．prove vt.证明；展现
(教材P52)It has proved to be a positive influence on the lives of many people.
事实证明，虚拟合唱团对许多人的生活产生了积极的影响。
prove to sb. that... 向某人证明……
prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明某事
prove one's point 证明某人的观点
prove sb. wrong/innocent 证明某人错误/无辜
How can you prove that you are right？你如何能证明你是正确的呢？
It is proved that he has a talent for music.事实证明，他有音乐天赋。
He has proved himself (to be) independent.他证明自己很独立。
This has afterwards proved (to be) the correct explanation.后来证明这是正确的解释。
词语搭配：
prove that...证明……
It is proved that...事实证实……
prove sb./sth. (to be)＋n./adj.证明某人/某物……
prove (to be)＋n./adj.证明……
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①His theory __________ (prove) through experiments.
②The editor __________ (证明是) kind and generous.
③__________________ (已经得到证实) eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.
④Professor Smith was unhappy because the idea he stuck to _________
(证明是错误的)．
was proved
proved (to be)
It has been proved that
proved wrong
7.award vt.授予 n．奖品
(教材P52)The virtual choir was the idea of award-winning composer and conductor Eric Whitacre.
虚拟合唱团是获奖作曲家兼指挥埃里克·惠塔克的创意。
(1)n.[C]奖；奖品；奖金
win/receive/get an award (for sth.) (因某事)获奖
give sb. an award 给某人颁奖
an award presentation 颁奖典礼
an award ceremony 颁奖仪式
(2)vt.授予；奖励；判给
award sb. sth.＝award sth. to sb. 把某物颁发给/判给某人
award sb. sth. (for...)＝award sth. to sb. (for...)
(因……)把……授予/颁发给某人
I always dream of winning an award in the TV performance competition.
我一直梦想着在电视表演大赛中获奖。
He received a special award for his contribution to the committee.
他因对委员会的贡献而获得特别奖。
The judge awarded me first prize.＝The judge awarded first prize to me.裁判授予我一等奖。
[词语辨析]　award, prize与reward
易混词 辨析 例句
award 多指官方颁发的奖品、奖金，强调荣誉 The new invention won the highest award.这项新发明获得了最高奖。
prize 多指在比赛、竞争或抽奖中获得的奖 The first prize is a weekend for two in Miami.一等奖是迈阿密双人周末游。
reward 多指对某人的工作或服务等的回报、报酬 You deserve a reward for being so helpful.
你帮了这么大的忙，理应受到奖励。
动词联想：
reward sb. with sth.用某物奖赏某人
reward sb. for (doing) sth.因为(做)某事而酬谢某人
the first prize一等奖

用法拓展：
as a reward for (doing) sth.＝in return for (doing) sth.作为对(做)某事的回报/奖赏
(1)His father bought him a mobile phone as a reward for his passing the exam.他父亲给他买了一只手机作为对他通过考试的奖赏。
(2)I bought him a pressent in return for his help.我给他习了一只手机作为对他帮我的回报。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子/辨析填空：award/prize/reward
①The young violinist was awarded ________ his excellent performance.
②Two students in my school ____________ (award) first prize in the National English Speaking Competition last month.
③这位作家因其小说获奖。
The author _______________ his novels.
④获胜者被授予了一枚金牌。
The winner was awarded a gold medal.
＝A gold medal ____________ the winner.
⑤You deserve a day off as a ________ for working so hard.
⑥He won the best actor ________ four years in a row.
⑦Andy won first ________ in the English Writing Competition.
for
were awarded
won the award for
was awarded to
reward
award
prize
8.original adj.原来的；独创的；原作的　n．原件；原作
[经典例句]　...Whitacre's original compositions began to become quite popular among choirs and singers.……惠塔克的原创作品在合唱团和歌手们当中开始流行起来。
originally adv. 最初；起初
origin n. 起源；由来；起因
He was a capable musician and some of his original compositions proved popular with all walks of life.他是一位才华横溢的音乐人，他的一些原创歌曲受到各阶层人士的喜欢。
常见搭配与拓展：
your original plan你原来的计划
an original idea一个独到的见解
an original thinker一个有创意的人
by origin出身，血统
in origin源头上
the origin of the word词源
the origins of life on earth地球上生命的起源
people of Asian origin亚裔民众
即学即练　单句语法填空
①Many buildings on the campus are his ________ (origin) creations.
②Our school was ________ (original) very small.
③He is of French ________ (original)．
④The ________ (origin) meaning of the word “goodbye” was “God be with you”．
original
originally
origin
original
9.stage n．(发展或进展的)时期；阶段；(多指剧场中的)舞台
(教材P52)．..which was first seen on stage on 23 July 2014 in the UK.
……该团于2014年7月23日在英国首次登台演出。
go on stage 登上舞台
take the center stage 处于中心位置
at this/that stage 在这个/那个阶段
at different stages of development 处在发展的不同阶段
at the early/later/final stage 在初期/后期/最终阶段
go through a stage 经历某一时期
reach/get to a stage 到达某一阶段
set the stage for sth. 为某事做准备；使某事成为可能
the early stage of a child's development 儿童成长的早期
the first stage of the scientific experiment 科学实验的第一阶段
They developed their friendship to a stage where they often shared sorrows and happiness.
他们的友谊已发展到了同甘共苦的地步。
误区警示：
stage用作先行词，且定语从句中缺少状语时，如果作“舞台，领域”讲，定语从句常用where引导，stage在这里表示抽象的地点。类似的词还有situation, point, case等。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The students may face different problems in their different ________ (stage) of learning.
②It's helpful to put children in a situation ________ they can see themselves differently.
③This is a stage ________ is prepared for the teenagers who have special talents.
④We have reached a ________ where we have to solve the problem by using scientific methods.
⑤The matter has reached a stage _____________________(他们只能让步)．
stages
where
which
stage
where they have to give in
10.altogether adv.(用以强调)全部(＝completely)；总共(＝in total)
(教材P52)Altogether, 2,292 young people from 80 countries joined in to sing Whitacre's song “What If”．总共有来自80个国家的2 292名青年参与演唱惠塔克的歌曲《假如》。
The architect has been to twenty countries altogether, such as Denmark, Canada and Argentina.
这位建筑师总共到过二十个国家，如丹麦、加拿大和阿根廷。
The boy took careful aim but he missed the target altogether.
这个男孩小心瞄准，但是完全没有打中目标。
Altogether, our achievements are very great.总之，我们的成绩是很大的。
归纳拓展：
all together一起，同时；总共；一致地，统一地

教师提醒：
not altogether不完全(表示部分否定)
I do not altogether agree with you.
我并不完全同意你。
即学即练　完成句子
①It is said that __________________ (总共100名毕业生) have applied for the post.
②While you may be right, I can't _____________ (完全赞同)．
③I was ________________ (并不十分吃惊) to hear that Toby had taken a flight to Morocco alone.
④Lots of sunshine, wonderful food and amazing nightlife—_________________________ (总的来说这是一个很棒的假期)．
⑤The hotel was nice; the weather was warm; the beaches were beautiful. _________ (总之), I'd say it was a great trip.
100 graduates altogether
altogether agree
not altogether amazed
altogether it was a great vacation
Altogether
第二版块|重要短语
1.come up with想出；提出(主意、建议、计划等)
(教材P52)The man who came up with the idea for a virtual choir.提出虚拟合唱团想法的人。
put up with 容忍，忍受
catch up with 追得上，赶得上
keep up with 跟上；与……齐头并进
end up with 结束，以……结束，以……告终
The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves.
政府花了近30年的时间想出一个重新引入狼群的计划。
比较：
会上提出了一个问题。
A question came up in the meeting.(√)
We came up with a question in the meeting.(√)
come up表示“问题、建议、计划等被提出”，表示被动意义；come up with后接问题、计划、建议等。come up短语无被动语态。

搭配
come up with an idea想出一个主意
come up with a plan提出一个计划
an idea came up一个主意出现了
a plan came up一个计划出现了
即学即练　完成句子
①因此，科学家们提出了一个令人震惊的想法。
So scientists have ____________ a shocking idea.
②他因病休学一学期，因此，不得不努力学习来赶上别的同学。
He missed a term through illness. Thus, he had to work hard to ____________ the others.
③An idea ________ (出现了) at the meeting and all the pupils agreed with it.
④Nobody can _________(容忍) him, because he never cares about what others think about.
come up with
catch up with
came up
put up with
2.fall in love with喜欢上；爱上(表动作)
(教材P52)He fell in love with Mozart's classical music when he sang for the university choir.当他为大学合唱团唱歌时，他爱上了莫扎特的古典音乐。
[易错比较]　be in love with爱上，喜欢(表状态)
fall in love with表动作，不与时间段连用；be in love with表状态，可与时间段连用。
They fell in love with each other three years ago, and they have been in love with each other for three years.
三年前他们相爱了，三年来他们一直相爱着。
同类短语联想：


即学即练　完成句子
①我认识到，如果你爱上一件事并且一直做下去，你会做得越来越好。
I learned that if you _____________something and do it all the time, you will get better at it.
②他们已经相爱好几年了。
They've ______________ each other for years.
③很小的时候，他就喜欢上了街舞，并利用一切机会去学习。
As a young child, he _____________ street dance and seized every opportunity to learn it.
fall in love with
been in love with
fell in love with
第三版块|典型句式
1．as引导非限制性定语从句
(教材P52)As one virtual choir member said, “Music helps me to...forget my problems. With music, I become someone else.”
一位虚拟合唱团成员说道：“音乐帮助我……忘记自己的问题。音乐，让我脱胎换骨。”
[句式分析]　as意为“正如，如同”，引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容。
as在从句中可作主语或宾语。
as引导的定语从句可位于主句前面、中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开。
The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
据报道，吸烟者的数量仅在一年内就已下降了17%。
I'd like to let you do it, but as you know, we are in the middle of a war. How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now
我想让你这么做，但你知道，我们正处于战争之中。现在我怎么可能花时间去为雕塑摆姿势呢？
As is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.
正如其他孩子的情况一样，医生到达时，艾米好多了。
知识拓展：
as引导非限制性定语从句时常用于以下搭配：
as is announced/reported正如宣布/报道的那样
as we all know大家都知道
as we expect正如我们预料的那样
as is known to all众所周知(＝as we all know)
as you can see如你所见
as has been said above如上所说
as is often the case情况常常如此
as (it is) expected 正如预料的那样
as I can remember正如我所记得的那样
即学即练　完成句子/一句多译
①_________________ (大家都知道), Shakespear is a famous writer.
②I'm very interested in, __________(如你知道的那样), classical music.
③众所周知，台湾是中国的一部分。
______________， Taiwan is a part of China.
④Taiwan, ______________， is a part of China.
⑤Taiwan is a part of China, _______________.
⑥________ is known to all ________ Taiwan is a part of China.
⑦________ is known to all is ________ Taiwan is a part of China.
As everybody knows
as you know
As is known to all
as is known to all
as is known to all
It
that
What
that
2.过去分词短语在句中作状语
(教材P52)Moved by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.”
他被这种音乐感动了，他说：“这就像第一次看到颜色一样。”
[句式分析]　该句为简单句，moved by...为过去分词短语在句中作状语，与主语he构成逻辑上的被动关系。
Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book.
受到“天知道”动机的激励，他决定写一本书。
Informed that a summer camp “Entering American Families” will be launched, I am writing the application.得知“进入美国家庭”夏令营即将开展，我写信申请(加入)。
For the first time we have spent a special festival without firecrackers.
我们头一次度过了一个没有鞭炮的特殊节日。
名师点津：
过去分词作状语小结
过去分词作状语主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件，表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随等情况。过去分词结构可置于主句前，也可置于主句后，用逗号与主句隔开。过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Greatly ________ (inspire), most of the students took an active part in his class.
②________ (addict) to playing online games, you are not only wasting your valuable time.
③___________ (encourage) by us, one of Australian students applied what he had observed to practice.
④________ (bathe) in sunshine, we enjoyed the splendid view cheerfully.
⑤他目不转睛地看着那姑娘，像是第一次见到她。
He stared at the girl as if seeing her ______________.
inspired
Addicted
Encouraged
Bathed
for the first time
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Nowadays, she is a famous composer, but she wants to live an ________ (平凡的) life.
2．She loves the ________ (虚拟的) world, with only her computer to keep her company.
3．In order to ________ (证明) my musical talent, I'll do my best to perform on the stage.
4．________ (如今) means at the present time, in contrast with the past.
5．Someone who is ________ (有能力的) has the skill or qualities necessary to do a particular thing well, or is able to do it well.
ordinary
virtual
prove
Nowadays
capable
6．To my ________ (消除，解脱), I got through the task with the help of my brother.
7．This medicine could provide relief from the ache, but couldn't ________ (治愈) your disease for the time being.
8．If several amounts add up to a particular amount ________(总共), that amount is their total.
9．This piano player has shown her musical ________ (才能，天赋) since childhood.
10．A ________ (乐队) is a small group of musicians who play popular music such as jazz, rock, pop or rap.
relief
cure
altogether
talent
band
11．The young pianist was ________ (奖励) for his excellent performance.
12．Compared with the ________ (原创的) composition, this translation is not good enough.
13．Recently the __________ (现象) has led to wide concern.
14．Music gives me strength and ________ (使能够) me to be full of energy.
15．My band played my original __________ (作品) on the stage.
awarded
original
phenomenon
enables
composition
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” ________ being Britain's oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week.
2．A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith fell in love ________ the people and culture there.
答案与解析：for　award sb. ...for...因……把……授予/颁发给某人。句中因sb.被提到了句首，用了被动语态。句意：一位90岁的老人被授予“年度女性”称号，因为她是英国年龄最大的全职员工——仍然每周工作40小时。
答案与解析：with　fall in love with爱上。句意：史密斯先生抵达中国几个月后，爱上了那里的人们和文化。
3．While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets ________ stage for that exploration.
4．Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ______ (perform) consistently over a large area.
答案与解析：the　set the stage for为……创造条件。句意：虽然高中一般不鼓励学生探索生活的新方面，但大学为那种探索创造了条件。
答案与解析：to perform　此处是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。句意：追踪北极熊数量的现代方法从20世纪80年代中期才开始使用，而且要在大范围内持续进行，成本很高。
5．The Internet enables us ________ (exchange) ideas with many others to check our claims, and to judge our actions.
6．Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage of the opportunity ________ (join) sports teams.
7．In spite of all the problems, several of the players produced excellent ________ (perform)．
答案与解析：to exchange　enable sb. to do sth.使某人能够做某事。句意：互联网使我们能够与许多其他人交流观点，以检查我们的主张，并判断我们的行动。
答案与解析：to join　take advantage of the opportunity to do sth.利用机会做某事。句意：家长应积极督促孩子利用这个机会加入体育队。
答案与解析：performances　形容词excellent修饰名词。句意：尽管有这么多问题，有几个队员还是表现得很出色。
8．You will be able to take part ________ a number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor.
9．Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate ________ both ordinary and astonishing ways.
10．This enabled Emma ________ (give) birth to five baby cranes.
答案与解析：in　take part in参加。句意：你将能够参加一些像划独木舟和在达特穆尔野营这样的活动。
答案与解析：in　in the ordinary way一般地，通常地。句意：人类将继续用普通或惊人的方式来适应变化的气候。
答案与解析：to give　enable sb./sth. to do sth.使某人或某物能够做某事。句意：这使得艾玛生下了五只鹤宝宝。
Ⅲ.短语填空
fall in love with； be awarded for； have the opportunity； prove to be true； ordinary people； be capable of； cure...of...； be absorbed in； be full of； on stage
1．Does this world exist if we ____________ someone we should not have
2．The concert was so successful that our band ______________ its excellent performance.
3．He failed again. The experience ________ him ________ his ambition to become a composer.
4．Henry ____________ writing compositions in spite of his gradual blindness.
fell in love with
was awarded for
cured
of
was capable of
5．Usually used for singing performances, the Silver Hall __________ cheers and energy.
6．I am very happy to ________________ to perform on the same stage with the famous musician.
7．The original ______________ after we had carefully identified it.
8．When he ____________ his world of music, he felt as if all previous pains were gone with the wind.
9．Last night I went to see my friend's new rock band perform ____________ at a small local music festival.
10．He proved to the world with his success that even ____________ can become famous.
is full of
have the opportunity
proved to be true
was absorbed in
on stage
ordinary people
Ⅳ.短文语法填空
Eric Whitacre was the first person 1.________ (come) up with the idea for 2.________ virtual choir. In 1988, he began studying music at the University of Nevada and 3.________ (fall) in love with Mozart's classical music. In 1995, he graduated from the university and then received a master's degree in musical composition in New York in 1997. Over the next 10 years, his 4.________ (origin) compositions began to become quite popular among choirs and singers. In 2009, 5.________ (inspire) by a video of a girl who was singing one of his works, he asked his fans to make videos 6._________ he then joined together into one 7._____________ (perform). Thus his first virtual choir 8.__________ (form). Since 9.________， the virtual choir has become a worldwide phenomenon.
to come
a
fell
original
inspired
which/that
performance
was formed
then
The virtual choir has proved to have a positive influence 10.________ the lives of many people. It is a good way for people around the world to sing with one voice and make the world a better place.
onSection Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
[课文内容]
THE VIRTUAL CHOIR
Imagine① having the opportunity② to sing together with hundreds of other people while you are at home alone. 【1】 You can do this in a virtual choir. Virtual choir members record themselves while they perform③ alone on video. These videos are uploaded onto④ the Internet, and then they are put together into one video that you can see online — a virtual choir. 【2】Anyone can take part in a virtual choir from anywhere — all you need is a video camera and an Internet connection 【3】. You do not even need a studio⑤. A virtual choir helps connect ordinary⑥ people together. Many people do not have close friends or contacts⑦ who have the same interest in music. Many others do not have the chance to join a local choir. A virtual choir enables⑧ them to add their voices to those of other individuals and become part of the global community. It has proved⑨ to be a positive influence on the lives of many people. As one virtual choir member said 【4】， “Music helps me to...forget my problems. With music, I become someone else.”
【1】该句为复合句，其中包含由从属连词while引导的时间状语从句，主句为祈使句Imagine having the... other people。
【2】该句中连词and连接两个并列分句；在第二个分句中含有一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句，先行词为one video。
【3】该句主语部分包含了一个省略关系代词that的定语从句，其先行词为all且all作整个句子的主语。
【4】该句为关系代词As引导的定语从句，As在此表示“正如”。
The virtual choir was the idea of award-winning composer and conductor Eric Whitacre. Born in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988. He fell in love with Mozart's classical music when he sang for the university choir. Moved by this music 【5】， he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.” He graduated from university in 1995, and then received a master's degree in musical composition from the Juilliard School in New York in 1997. Over the next 10 years, Whitacre's original compositions began to become quite popular among choirs and singers. This led to the creation of the virtual choir.
【5】此处过去分词短语Moved by this music作状语，表示原因。
In 2009, Whitacre received a video of a girl who was singing one of his works. Inspired, he asked his fans to make videos, which he then joined together into one performance 【6】. His first virtual choir, “Lux Aurumque”， had 185 singers from 12 different countries. It has received millions of views on the Internet. Since then ， the virtual choir has become a worldwide phenomenon . Whitacre's next effort was the Virtual Youth Choir for UNICEF, which was first seen on stage on 23 July 2014 in the UK. Altogether, 2,292 young people from 80 countries joined in to sing Whitacre's song “What If”．
【6】此处为由which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为videos。
The virtual choir is a wonderful way for people around the world to sing with one voice and thus make the world a better place. 【7】
【7】该句中连词and连接两个并列谓语is和make; for people around the world to sing with one voice作定语，修饰a wonderful way; make the world a better place为“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，名词短语a better place在此作宾补。
[词语积累]
①imagine vt.想象(接动词作宾语时只接v.-ing形式，不接to do)
imagination n．想象，想象力
imaginative adj.富于想象力的
②opportunity/ p 'tju n ti/n.机会；时机
[同义]chance机会
have the opportunity/chance to do sth.有做某事的机会
③perform/p 'f (r)m/vt.& vi.表演；履行；执行
④onto/' nt /prep.(朝)向
be uploaded onto the Internet被上传到网上
⑤studio/'stju di /n.演播室；(音乐的)录音棚；工作室
⑥ordinary/' dnri/adj.普通的；平凡的；一般的
⑦contact n. [熟词生义]熟人，(尤指)社会关系
⑧enable/ 'ne bl/vt.使能够；使可能
⑨prove/pru v/vt.证明；展现
⑩award-winning adj.获奖的
[构词法]award-winning为“n.＋现在分词”构成的复合形容词。类似的词还有：peace-loving爱好和平的， freedom-loving爱好自由的， job-hunting找工作的， time-saving节省时间的。
award/ 'w d/vt.授予 n．奖品
composer/k m'p z (r)/n.作曲者；作曲家
compose vt.作曲，创作(音乐)
conductor/k n'd kt (r)/n.(乐队、合唱团等的)指挥；(公共汽车的)售票员
conduct/k n'd kt/vt.指挥(歌唱或音乐演奏)
conduct an orchestra/choir指挥管弦乐队/合唱团
fall in love with爱上
master's degree硕士学位
get/receive a master's degree获得硕士学位
bachelor's degree学士学位/doctor's degree博士学位
“degree＋in＋专业”表示某专业的学位
since then自从那时以来，常与现在完成时态连用。
[思考]常与现在完成时态连用的时间状语有哪些？
phenomenon/f 'n m n n/n.(pl. phenomena
/- n /)现象
effort n. [熟词生义]努力的结果，成就
stage/ste d /n.(多指剧场中的)舞台；(发展或进展的)时期；阶段
put...on the stage上演……
set the stage for...为……做准备，为……铺平道路
join in参加，加入
[人物小传]
Eric Whitacre(埃里克·惠塔克)是美国作曲家，指挥家和讲师。21岁即完成首部合唱作品。他的多部作品如Water Night、A Boy and a Girl、The Seal Lullaby等均在合唱标准曲目之列。他的交响乐作品October、Equus等也大受欢迎。2001年，惠塔克成为由美国合唱指挥协会颁发的Raymond C. Broke协会奖有史以来最年轻的获得者。2007年，惠塔克的合唱专辑《倾盆大雨》国际畅销，登顶古典音乐流行榜，并获得格莱美提名。惠塔克在2010年10月被任命为剑桥大学西德尼苏塞克斯学院常驻作曲家和客座研究员。
[课文释译]
虚拟合唱团
想象一下，当你独自在家的时候，有机会和几百个人一起唱歌。你可以在虚拟合唱团中这样做。虚拟合唱团的成员在独自进行表演时为自己录制视频。这些视频被上传到互联网上，然后被合成一个视频，这就是你可以在网上看到的——虚拟合唱团。任何人在任何地方都可以加入虚拟合唱团，你所需要的只是一台摄像机和网络连接。你甚至不需要演播室。虚拟合唱团有助于将普通人联系到一起。许多人没有和自己一样对音乐感兴趣的密友或熟人。还有很多人没有机会加入本地的合唱团。虚拟合唱团可以让他们将自己的声音加入到其他人的声音中，并成为全球社区的一部分。事实证明，这对很多人的生活都产生了积极的影响。正如一位虚拟合唱团成员所说：“音乐帮我……忘记自己(遭遇)的难题。有了音乐，我就变成了另一个人。”
虚拟合唱团是获奖作曲家兼指挥家埃里克·惠塔克的创意。惠塔克于1970年1月2日出生于美国，1988年开始在内华达大学学习音乐。他在大学合唱团唱歌时，爱上了莫扎特的古典音乐。他被这种音乐打动了，他说：“那种(兴奋的)感觉就如同是第一次看见色彩一样。”他1995年大学毕业，随后于1997年获纽约茱莉亚音乐学院音乐创作硕士学位。在接下来的10年里，惠塔克的原创音乐作品开始在合唱团和歌手中变得非常流行。这也促成了虚拟合唱团的诞生。2009年，惠塔克收到了一段视频，视频中一个女孩正在演唱他的一首作品。受此启发，他让粉丝们拍摄视频，然后他把这些视频合成一场表演。他的第一个虚拟合唱团“Lux Aurumque”就有来自12个不同国家的185名歌手。这场表演已经在互联网上获得了数百万的浏览量。从那时起，虚拟合唱团已经成为一个世界级的现象。惠塔克的第二个壮举是打造联合国儿童基金会“虚拟青年合唱团”，该团于2014年7月23日在英国首次登台演出。总共有来自80个国家的2 292名青年参与演唱惠塔克的歌曲《如果》。
虚拟合唱团是一个奇妙的方式，让世界各地的人们用同一个声音歌唱，从而使世界变得更美好。
1．课文结构图解
2．阅读理解(根据课文内容选择正确答案)
(1)What is the main idea of the text
A．The virtual choir.
B．Eric Whitacre — the composer.
C．Influence of the virtual choir.
D．Compositions of Eric Whitacre.
(2)What is the author's attitude towards the virtual choir
A．Neutral. B．Negative.
C．Positive D．Unknown
(3)If you want to take part in a virtual choir, you need ________.
A．a video camera and some instruments
B．a band and some professional singers
C．a video camera and an Internet connection
D．a master's degree in musical composition
(4)Why does the virtual choir prove to be a good influence on the lives of many people
A．It helps to connect ordinary people together.
B．It enables them to be part of the global community.
C．It helps them to find those with the same interest.
D．It enables them to forget their daily problems for a while.
(5)Please choose the correct order for the following events of Eric Whitacre.
a．studying music at the university of Nevada
b．conducting the Virtual Youth Choir for UNICEF
c．receiving a master's degree in music composition
d．his original composition became popular among choirs and singers
A．a－c－b－d B．a－c－d－b
C．c－b－d－a D．c－d－b－a
第一版块|核心单词
1.composition n．成分；(音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品
(教材P52)Over the next 10 years, Whitacre's original compositions began to become quite popular among choirs and singers.
在接下来的十年中，惠塔克的原创作品开始在合唱团和歌手之中流行。
compose vt. 作曲，创作；组成，构成
composer n. 作曲者；作曲家
We must limit the composition to 1,000 words.
我们必须把作文限制在1 000字以内。
The audience is composed largely of young people.
观众中大部分都是年轻人。
归纳与拓展：
a composition by Mozart莫扎特的音乐作品
revise a composition修改作文
compose/write music作曲
compose/write a song写歌
compose a letter/poem/speech写信/诗/演讲稿
be composed of由……组成/构成
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Mozart ________ (compose) his last opera shortly before he died.
②His dual role as a ________ (compose) and conductor made him very busy.
③Yesterday he worked late into night ________ (compose) a song for the sportmeeting that will take place in a week.
④He is the person who often ________ (作曲) for youngsters and children.
2.opportunity n．机会；时机
(教材P52)Imagine having the opportunity to sing together with hundreds of other people while you are at home alone.想象一下，独自在家时，你有机会和几百个人一道引吭高歌。
opportunity
offer/get/miss/lose/seize an opportunity 提供/得到/错过/失去/抓住机会
take the/this opportunity to do sth. 利用这个机会做某事
give/offer sb. an opportunity 给某人一个机会
This performance gives students the opportunity to show their talents.
这次演出给了学生们展示才华的机会。
Give him the opportunity of explaining what happened.
给他机会解释一下发生了什么事。
I'd like to take this opportunity to express my attitude to this event.
我想借此机会表达我对这次活动的态度。
It would be foolish to let such an opportunity slip; it is the chance of a lifetime.
让这样的机会溜掉实在是太愚蠢了，这是千载难逢的机会。
词语辨析：
opportunity与chance
(1)opportunity带有恰逢其时、正好便利行事的意味，有期待的含义。
(2)chance(机会)强调其偶然性，含有侥幸的意味。
词语拓展：
[近]chance n．机会
a chance to do sth.做某事的机会
take a chance冒险；碰运气
Chances are (It is likely that)．..可能……
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①This new start gave me an opportunity ________ (redefine) myself and discover an entirely new version of “cool”．
②Our company provides equal ________ (opportunity) for women.
③As a grassroots singer, she reads everything she can get hold of concerning music, and ________________________________ (利用一切机会来自我提升)．
④The students are looking forward to ________________________ (有机会探索) society for real-life experience.
3.perform vi.& vt.表演；履行；执行
(教材P52)Virtual choir members record themselves while they perform alone on video.
虚拟合唱团的成员们把各自的歌唱视频录制下来。
performance n. 表演；演技；表现
give a performance 演出
performer n. 表演者；演员
The blogger was amazed to know that he was chosen to perform on stage.
得知自己被选中上台表演，这位博主感到很惊讶。
The play was first performed in 1987.这部剧于1987年首次上演。
A computer can perform many tasks at once.电脑能同时执行多项任务。
Don't blame him. He has performed his duty.不要责备他。他已经尽职尽责了。
Most students performed well in the test.大多数学生在这个测验中表现得很好。
搭配归纳：
perform music演奏音乐
perform one's promise履行某人的诺言
perform one's duty尽某人的职责
perform an operation做手术
perform an experiment做实验
perform well/badly/poorly表现得好/不好/差
perform one's duty尽某人的职责
即学即练　写出句中的perform的含义/完成句子/单句语法填空
①Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it being performed live is quite another.________
②The team performed badly on Saturday.________
③The scientist was performing a research. He found this insect contained a powerful drug.________
④The doctor decided to ________________ (动手术) on the patient at once.
⑤Catherine ________________________ (在……中起重要作用) our organization.
⑥The dancer's incredible ________ (perform) had the audience on its feet clapping for 10 minutes at the end of the show.
⑦She is a famous ________ (perform)．
4.ordinary adj.普通的；平凡的
(教材P52)A virtual choir helps connect ordinary people together.虚拟合唱团将普通人联系起来。
The book is about ordinary people.这本书描写的是普通人。
This is an ordinary day for this poor old man.对这位可怜的老人而言，这是平凡的一天。
In the ordinary way, she's a confident person.一般来说，她是一个自信的人。
[词语辨析]　ordinary, common, usual与normal
易混词 辨析 例句
ordinary 指普通，无奇特之处(反：special) Her mother is an ordinary teacher.她的母亲是一位普通的教师。
common 指常见、不足为奇 Rabbits are common in Britain.兔子在英国很常见。
usual 指惯例、惯常 We will meet at the usual place.我们将在老地方见面。
normal 指标准、正常 Her temperature is normal.她的体温正常。
常见搭配：
common sense常识
common practice惯例
as usual照例
return to normal回归正常
常见搭配：
ordinary people普通人
an ordinary-looking man一个相貌普通的人
ordinary clothes普通的衣服
an ordinary day平常的一天
in the ordinary way一般，通常
out of the ordinary不寻常
即学即练　完成句子/辨析填空：ordinary/common/usual/normal
①普通人怎样才能打破世界纪录呢？
How can ________________ break a world record
②平常我不愿去那里，但这次我不得不去。
I wouldn't go there ________________________________， but this time I had to.
③Though she is ill, she keeps on working as ________.
④We're very ________ people—there's nothing special about us.
⑤It's ________ to feel exhausted after such a long journey.
⑥Many ________ birds are becoming fewer and fewer now.
5.enable vt.使能够；使可能
(教材P52)A virtual choir enables them to add their voices to those of other individuals...
虚拟合唱团让他们能够与其他人一起欢歌……
This pass enables me to travel half-price on trains.我用这张通行证可以半价乘火车。
This dictionary will enable better international understanding.
这部词典将促进国际间更好的理解。
常见搭配：
enable sb. to do sth.使某人能够做某事；使某人有能力做某事
enable sth. to...使某事物能……
be able to do sth.能够做某事
即学即练　单句语法填空/翻译句子
①Being exposed to English frequently enables us ________ (have) a good command of this language.
②飞机使人们能够很快地作远距离旅行。
________________________________________________________________________
6．prove vt.证明；展现
(教材P52)It has proved to be a positive influence on the lives of many people.
事实证明，虚拟合唱团对许多人的生活产生了积极的影响。
prove to sb. that... 向某人证明……
prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明某事
prove one's point 证明某人的观点
prove sb. wrong/innocent 证明某人错误/无辜
How can you prove that you are right？你如何能证明你是正确的呢？
It is proved that he has a talent for music.事实证明，他有音乐天赋。
He has proved himself (to be) independent.他证明自己很独立。
This has afterwards proved (to be) the correct explanation.后来证明这是正确的解释。
词语搭配：
prove that...证明……
It is proved that...事实证实……
prove sb./sth. (to be)＋n./adj.证明某人/某物……
prove (to be)＋n./adj.证明……
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①His theory ________ (prove) through experiments.
②The editor ________________ (证明是) kind and generous.
③________________ (已经得到证实) eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.
④Professor Smith was unhappy because the idea he stuck to ____________(证明是错误的)．
7.award vt.授予 n．奖品
(教材P52)The virtual choir was the idea of award-winning composer and conductor Eric Whitacre.
虚拟合唱团是获奖作曲家兼指挥埃里克·惠塔克的创意。
(1)n.[C]奖；奖品；奖金
win/receive/get an award (for sth.) (因某事)获奖
give sb. an award 给某人颁奖
an award presentation 颁奖典礼
an award ceremony 颁奖仪式
(2)vt.授予；奖励；判给
award sb. sth.＝award sth. to sb. 把某物颁发给/判给某人
award sb. sth. (for...)＝award sth. to sb. (for...)
(因……)把……授予/颁发给某人
I always dream of winning an award in the TV performance competition.
我一直梦想着在电视表演大赛中获奖。
He received a special award for his contribution to the committee.
他因对委员会的贡献而获得特别奖。
The judge awarded me first prize.＝The judge awarded first prize to me.裁判授予我一等奖。
[词语辨析]　award, prize与reward
易混词 辨析 例句
award 多指官方颁发的奖品、奖金，强调荣誉 The new invention won the highest award.这项新发明获得了最高奖。
prize 多指在比赛、竞争或抽奖中获得的奖 The first prize is a weekend for two in Miami.一等奖是迈阿密双人周末游。
reward 多指对某人的工作或服务等的回报、报酬 You deserve a reward for being so helpful.你帮了这么大的忙，理应受到奖励。
动词联想：
reward sb. with sth.用某物奖赏某人
reward sb. for (doing) sth.因为(做)某事而酬谢某人
the first prize一等奖
用法拓展：
as a reward for (doing) sth.＝in return for (doing) sth.作为对(做)某事的回报/奖赏
(1)His father bought him a mobile phone as a reward for his passing the exam.他父亲给他买了一只手机作为对他通过考试的奖赏。
(2)I bought him a pressent in return for his help.我给他习了一只手机作为对他帮我的回报。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子/辨析填空：award/prize/reward
①The young violinist was awarded ________ his excellent performance.
②Two students in my school ________ (award) first prize in the National English Speaking Competition last month.
③这位作家因其小说获奖。
The author ________________________________ his novels.
④获胜者被授予了一枚金牌。
The winner was awarded a gold medal.
＝A gold medal ________________________ the winner.
⑤You deserve a day off as a ________ for working so hard.
⑥He won the best actor ________ four years in a row.
⑦Andy won first ________ in the English Writing Competition.
8.original adj.原来的；独创的；原作的　n．原件；原作
[经典例句]　...Whitacre's original compositions began to become quite popular among choirs and singers.……惠塔克的原创作品在合唱团和歌手们当中开始流行起来。
originally adv. 最初；起初
origin n. 起源；由来；起因
He was a capable musician and some of his original compositions proved popular with all walks of life.他是一位才华横溢的音乐人，他的一些原创歌曲受到各阶层人士的喜欢。
常见搭配与拓展：
your original plan你原来的计划
an original idea一个独到的见解
an original thinker一个有创意的人
by origin出身，血统
in origin源头上
the origin of the word词源
the origins of life on earth地球上生命的起源
people of Asian origin亚裔民众
即学即练　单句语法填空
①Many buildings on the campus are his ________ (origin) creations.
②Our school was ________ (original) very small.
③He is of French ________ (original)．
④The ________ (origin) meaning of the word “goodbye” was “God be with you”．
9.stage n．(发展或进展的)时期；阶段；(多指剧场中的)舞台
(教材P52)．..which was first seen on stage on 23 July 2014 in the UK.
……该团于2014年7月23日在英国首次登台演出。
go on stage 登上舞台
take the center stage 处于中心位置
at this/that stage 在这个/那个阶段
at different stages of development 处在发展的不同阶段
at the early/later/final stage 在初期/后期/最终阶段
go through a stage 经历某一时期
reach/get to a stage 到达某一阶段
set the stage for sth. 为某事做准备；使某事成为可能
the early stage of a child's development 儿童成长的早期
the first stage of the scientific experiment 科学实验的第一阶段
They developed their friendship to a stage where they often shared sorrows and happiness.
他们的友谊已发展到了同甘共苦的地步。
误区警示：
stage用作先行词，且定语从句中缺少状语时，如果作“舞台，领域”讲，定语从句常用where引导，stage在这里表示抽象的地点。类似的词还有situation, point, case等。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The students may face different problems in their different ________ (stage) of learning.
②It's helpful to put children in a situation ________ they can see themselves differently.
③This is a stage ________ is prepared for the teenagers who have special talents.
④We have reached a ________ where we have to solve the problem by using scientific methods.
⑤The matter has reached a stage ________________________________ (他们只能让步)．
10.altogether adv.(用以强调)全部(＝completely)；总共(＝in total)
(教材P52)Altogether, 2,292 young people from 80 countries joined in to sing Whitacre's song “What If”．总共有来自80个国家的2 292名青年参与演唱惠塔克的歌曲《假如》。
The architect has been to twenty countries altogether, such as Denmark, Canada and Argentina.
这位建筑师总共到过二十个国家，如丹麦、加拿大和阿根廷。
The boy took careful aim but he missed the target altogether.
这个男孩小心瞄准，但是完全没有打中目标。
Altogether, our achievements are very great.总之，我们的成绩是很大的。
归纳拓展：
all together一起，同时；总共；一致地，统一地
教师提醒：
not altogether不完全(表示部分否定)
I do not altogether agree with you.
我并不完全同意你。
即学即练　完成句子
①It is said that ____________________ (总共100名毕业生) have applied for the post.
②While you may be right, I can't ________________ (完全赞同)．
③I was ________________ (并不十分吃惊) to hear that Toby had taken a flight to Morocco alone.
④Lots of sunshine, wonderful food and amazing nightlife—__________________________ (总的来说这是一个很棒的假期)．
⑤The hotel was nice; the weather was warm; the beaches were beautiful. ______________ (总之), I'd say it was a great trip.
第二版块|重要短语
1.come up with想出；提出(主意、建议、计划等)
(教材P52)The man who came up with the idea for a virtual choir.提出虚拟合唱团想法的人。
put up with 容忍，忍受
catch up with 追得上，赶得上
keep up with 跟上；与……齐头并进
end up with 结束，以……结束，以……告终
The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves.
政府花了近30年的时间想出一个重新引入狼群的计划。
比较：
会上提出了一个问题。
A question came up in the meeting.(√)
We came up with a question in the meeting.(√)
come up表示“问题、建议、计划等被提出”，表示被动意义；come up with后接问题、计划、建议等。come up短语无被动语态。
搭配
come up with an idea想出一个主意
come up with a plan提出一个计划
an idea came up一个主意出现了
a plan came up一个计划出现了
即学即练　完成句子
①因此，科学家们提出了一个令人震惊的想法。
So scientists have ________________________ a shocking idea.
②他因病休学一学期，因此，不得不努力学习来赶上别的同学。
He missed a term through illness. Thus, he had to work hard to ________ the others.
③An idea ________ (出现了) at the meeting and all the pupils agreed with it.
④Nobody can ________________________ (容忍) him, because he never cares about what others think about.
2.fall in love with喜欢上；爱上(表动作)
(教材P52)He fell in love with Mozart's classical music when he sang for the university choir.当他为大学合唱团唱歌时，他爱上了莫扎特的古典音乐。
[易错比较]　be in love with爱上，喜欢(表状态)
fall in love with表动作，不与时间段连用；be in love with表状态，可与时间段连用。
They fell in love with each other three years ago, and they have been in love with each other for three years.
三年前他们相爱了，三年来他们一直相爱着。
同类短语联想：
即学即练　完成句子
①我认识到，如果你爱上一件事并且一直做下去，你会做得越来越好。
I learned that if you ________________________ something and do it all the time, you will get better at it.
②他们已经相爱好几年了。
They've ________________________ each other for years.
③很小的时候，他就喜欢上了街舞，并利用一切机会去学习。
As a young child, he ________________________ street dance and seized every opportunity to learn it.
第三版块|典型句式
1．as引导非限制性定语从句
(教材P52)As one virtual choir member said, “Music helps me to...forget my problems. With music, I become someone else.”
一位虚拟合唱团成员说道：“音乐帮助我……忘记自己的问题。音乐，让我脱胎换骨。”
[句式分析]　as意为“正如，如同”，引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容。
as在从句中可作主语或宾语。
as引导的定语从句可位于主句前面、中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开。
The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
据报道，吸烟者的数量仅在一年内就已下降了17%。
I'd like to let you do it, but as you know, we are in the middle of a war. How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now
我想让你这么做，但你知道，我们正处于战争之中。现在我怎么可能花时间去为雕塑摆姿势呢？
As is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.
正如其他孩子的情况一样，医生到达时，艾米好多了。
知识拓展：
as引导非限制性定语从句时常用于以下搭配：
as is announced/reported正如宣布/报道的那样
as we all know大家都知道
as we expect正如我们预料的那样
as is known to all众所周知(＝as we all know)
as you can see如你所见
as has been said above如上所说
as is often the case情况常常如此
as (it is) expected 正如预料的那样
as I can remember正如我所记得的那样
即学即练　完成句子/一句多译
①____________________ (大家都知道), Shakespear is a famous writer.
②I'm very interested in, ____________________ (如你知道的那样), classical music.
③众所周知，台湾是中国的一部分。
________________________， Taiwan is a part of China.
④Taiwan, ________________________________， is a part of China.
⑤Taiwan is a part of China, ________________________.
⑥________ is known to all ________ Taiwan is a part of China.
⑦________ is known to all is ________ Taiwan is a part of China.
2.过去分词短语在句中作状语
(教材P52)Moved by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.”
他被这种音乐感动了，他说：“这就像第一次看到颜色一样。”
[句式分析]　该句为简单句，moved by...为过去分词短语在句中作状语，与主语he构成逻辑上的被动关系。
Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book.
受到“天知道”动机的激励，他决定写一本书。
Informed that a summer camp “Entering American Families” will be launched, I am writing the application.得知“进入美国家庭”夏令营即将开展，我写信申请(加入)。
For the first time we have spent a special festival without firecrackers.
我们头一次度过了一个没有鞭炮的特殊节日。
名师点津：
过去分词作状语小结
过去分词作状语主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件，表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随等情况。过去分词结构可置于主句前，也可置于主句后，用逗号与主句隔开。过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Greatly ________ (inspire), most of the students took an active part in his class.
②________ (addict) to playing online games, you are not only wasting your valuable time.
③________ (encourage) by us, one of Australian students applied what he had observed to practice.
④________ (bathe) in sunshine, we enjoyed the splendid view cheerfully.
⑤他目不转睛地看着那姑娘，像是第一次见到她。
He stared at the girl as if seeing her ________________________.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Nowadays, she is a famous composer, but she wants to live an ________ (平凡的) life.
2．She loves the ________ (虚拟的) world, with only her computer to keep her company.
3．In order to ________ (证明) my musical talent, I'll do my best to perform on the stage.
4．________ (如今) means at the present time, in contrast with the past.
5．Someone who is ________ (有能力的) has the skill or qualities necessary to do a particular thing well, or is able to do it well.
6．To my ________ (消除，解脱), I got through the task with the help of my brother.
7．This medicine could provide relief from the ache, but couldn't ________ (治愈) your disease for the time being.
8．If several amounts add up to a particular amount ________(总共), that amount is their total.
9．This piano player has shown her musical ________ (才能，天赋) since childhood.
10．A ________ (乐队) is a small group of musicians who play popular music such as jazz, rock, pop or rap.
11．The young pianist was ________ (奖励) for his excellent performance.
12．Compared with the ________ (原创的) composition, this translation is not good enough.
13．Recently the ________ (现象) has led to wide concern.
14．Music gives me strength and ________ (使能够) me to be full of energy.
15．My band played my original ________ (作品) on the stage.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” ________ being Britain's oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week.
2．A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith fell in love ________ the people and culture there.
3．While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets ________ stage for that exploration.
4．Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ______ (perform) consistently over a large area.
5．The Internet enables us ________ (exchange) ideas with many others to check our claims, and to judge our actions.
6．Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage of the opportunity ________ (join) sports teams.
7．In spite of all the problems, several of the players produced excellent ________ (perform)．
8．You will be able to take part ________ a number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor.
9．Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate ________ both ordinary and astonishing ways.
10．This enabled Emma ________ (give) birth to five baby cranes.
Ⅲ.短语填空
fall in love with； be awarded for； have the opportunity； prove to be true； ordinary people； be capable of； cure...of...； be absorbed in； be full of； on stage
1．Does this world exist if we ____________ someone we should not have
2．The concert was so successful that our band ____________ its excellent performance.
3．He failed again. The experience ________ him ________ his ambition to become a composer.
4．Henry ____________ writing compositions in spite of his gradual blindness.
5．Usually used for singing performances, the Silver Hall ____________ cheers and energy.
6．I am very happy to ____________ to perform on the same stage with the famous musician.
7．The original ____________ after we had carefully identified it.
8．When he ____________ his world of music, he felt as if all previous pains were gone with the wind.
9．Last night I went to see my friend's new rock band perform ____________ at a small local music festival.
10．He proved to the world with his success that even ____________ can become famous.
Ⅳ.短文语法填空
Eric Whitacre was the first person 1.________ (come) up with the idea for 2.________ virtual choir. In 1988, he began studying music at the University of Nevada and 3.________ (fall) in love with Mozart's classical music. In 1995, he graduated from the university and then received a master's degree in musical composition in New York in 1997. Over the next 10 years, his 4.________ (origin) compositions began to become quite popular among choirs and singers. In 2009, 5.________ (inspire) by a video of a girl who was singing one of his works, he asked his fans to make videos 6.________ he then joined together into one 7.________ (perform). Thus his first virtual choir 8.________ (form). Since 9.________， the virtual choir has become a worldwide phenomenon.
The virtual choir has proved to have a positive influence 10.________ the lives of many people. It is a good way for people around the world to sing with one voice and make the world a better place.
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
语篇细研·教材精读
2．答案：(1)A　(2)C　(3)C　(4)D　(5)B
知识探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．①composed　②composer　③composing　④composes music
2．①to redefine　②opportunities　③takes every opportunity to improve herself　④having an opportunity to explore
3．①演奏　②表现　③做　④perform an operation　⑤performs an important role in　⑥performance　⑦performer
4．①ordinary people　②in the ordinary way　③usual　④ordinary　⑤normal　⑥common
5．①to have　②Airplanes/Planes enable people to travel great distances rapidly.
6．①was proved　②proved (to be)　③It has been proved that　
④proved wrong
7．①for　②were awarded　③won the award for　④was awarded to　⑤reward　⑥award　⑦prize
8．①original　②originally　③origin　④original
9．①stages　②where　③which　④stage　⑤where they have to give in
10．①100 graduates altogether　②altogether agree　③not altogether amazed　④altogether it was a great vacation　⑤Altogether
第二版块|重要短语
1．①come up with　②catch up with　③came up　④put up with
2．①fall in love with　②been in love with　③fell in love with
第三版块|典型句式
1．①As everybody knows　②as you know　③As is known to all　
④as is known to all　⑤as is known to all　⑥It　that　⑦What　that
2．①inspired　②Addicted　③Encouraged　④Bathed　⑤for the first time
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．ordinary　2.virtual　3.prove　4.Nowadays　5.capable　6.relief
7．cure　8.altogether　9.talent　10.band　11.awarded　12.original
13．phenomenon　14.enables　position
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．答案与解析：for　award sb. ...for...因……把……授予/颁发给某人。句中因sb.被提到了句首，用了被动语态。句意：一位90岁的老人被授予“年度女性”称号，因为她是英国年龄最大的全职员工——仍然每周工作40小时。
2．答案与解析：with　fall in love with爱上。句意：史密斯先生抵达中国几个月后，爱上了那里的人们和文化。
3．答案与解析：the　set the stage for为……创造条件。句意：虽然高中一般不鼓励学生探索生活的新方面，但大学为那种探索创造了条件。
4．答案与解析：to perform　此处是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。句意：追踪北极熊数量的现代方法从20世纪80年代中期才开始使用，而且要在大范围内持续进行，成本很高。
5．答案与解析：to exchange　enable sb. to do sth.使某人能够做某事。句意：互联网使我们能够与许多其他人交流观点，以检查我们的主张，并判断我们的行动。
6．答案与解析：to join　take advantage of the opportunity to do sth.利用机会做某事。句意：家长应积极督促孩子利用这个机会加入体育队。
7．答案与解析：performances　形容词excellent修饰名词。句意：尽管有这么多问题，有几个队员还是表现得很出色。
8．答案与解析：in　take part in参加。句意：你将能够参加一些像划独木舟和在达特穆尔野营这样的活动。
9．答案与解析：in　in the ordinary way一般地，通常地。句意：人类将继续用普通或惊人的方式来适应变化的气候。
10．答案与解析：to give　enable sb./sth. to do sth.使某人或某物能够做某事。句意：这使得艾玛生下了五只鹤宝宝。
Ⅲ.短语填空
1．fell in love with　2.was awarded for　3.cured　of　4.was capable of　5.is full of　6.have the opportunity　7.proved to be true　8.was absorbed in　9.on stage　10.ordinary people
Ⅳ.短文语法填空
1．to come　2.a　3.fell　4.original　5.inspired　6.which/that
7．performance　8.was formed　9.then　10.on
24(共56张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
语法精讲·难点透析
课时达标·随堂自测
语法精讲·难点透析
第一版块|核心词汇
1.gradual adj.逐渐的；渐进的
(教材P54)Though he was affected by gradual blindness soon after the performance...
尽管演出后不久他就逐渐失明……
a gradual process 一个循序渐进的过程
gradual growth 逐渐成长
a gradual increase in the birth rate 出生率的逐渐增长
a gradual change in climate 气候的逐渐变化
a gradual increase in the number of people owning cars 拥有汽车的人数在逐渐上升
As you go further south, you will notice a gradual change of climate.
当你一路往南走下去的时候，你就会注意到气候的逐渐变化。
词语积累：
gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地
have gradually changed逐渐变化

温馨提示：
exercise用法小解
exercise特指：(1)为提高技巧或业务水平而规定的“练习”“训练”可数名词，使用时可用“an exercise”也可用复数“exercises”。
如：The book contains a series of graded exercises adapted for beginners.书中有一系列按难易排列的练习，以适应初学者之用。
(2)“体格锻炼”。
如：You need more outdoor exercise.你需要多做户外锻炼。
这时exercise不可数。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①These exercises let your heart rate increase and decrease ________ (gradual), but not suddenly.
②Over 300 years its population grew ________ (gradual) from 800 people to 8 million.
③Arts have a ________ (gradual) spreading effect.
④There is a ______________ (逐渐变化) in climate.
⑤Education is ______________ (一个渐进的过程)．
gradually
gradually
gradually
gradual change
a gradual process
2.capable adj.有能力的；有才能的
(教材P54)．..Henry was still capable of writing compositions...……亨利仍然有能力作曲……
incapable adj.　　　没有能力的；不能克制自己的
You are capable of better work than this.你有能力做得比这更好。
Not everyone is capable of judging art.并不是每个人都有鉴赏艺术的能力。
“much of a＋名词”是个特殊结构，much of表示一种程度，意为“称得上……的，了不起的”
When first entered, Vanak Restaurant does not look like much of a restaurant, but once the pleasant smells of kabob hit the senses, you are incapable of calling it anything less.
当第一次进去的时候，Vanak餐厅看上去不太像一个餐厅，但是一旦烤肉串的香味迎面而来，你就再也不会这样说了。
常用搭配：
be (perfectly) capable of (doing) sth.(完全)有能力(做)某事
此搭配中，capable可以用副词来修饰，表示程度
be incapable of doing sth.没能力做某事
a strong capable woman一个坚强能干的女人
capable hands能手，高手(用于指具有某种高超技艺的人)

词语积累：
capability n．才能；能力
即学即练　完成句子
①我完全有能力完成这个任务。
I'm perfectly capable of ________ through the task.
②The pianist ___________ (有……才能) playing various songs on the piano.
③Actually, we _____________________ (有能力阻止) the disease from spreading.
getting
is capable of
are capable of preventing
3.relief n．(焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除；(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱
(教材P54)．..he found that creating music was a relief and cure for his illness.
……他发现创作音乐是一种对自己疾病的缓解和治疗。
in relief 如释重负；松了口气
to one's relief 令某人欣慰的是
much to one's relief/to one's great relief 令某人非常欣慰的是
It is a relief to see/have/know... 看到/拥有/知道……是件令人宽慰的事。
What a relief! 终于放心了！
breathe a sigh of relief 松了口气
She smiled in relief after she heard her son survived in the disaster.
听到儿子在灾难中幸存下来，她如释重负地笑了。
To her relief, her younger brother recovered quickly after operation.
令她欣慰的是，她弟弟手术后很快就恢复了。
In a way it was a relief to know exactly what was happening.
确切了解正在发生的事情，在一定程度上令人宽慰。
误区警示：
to one's relief使某人欣慰的是，为了强调，可在to前面加much或者在relief前加great，意为“使某人非常欣慰的是”。有相同用法的词还有：surprise, joy, regret等。
disaster relief赈灾
relief work救济工作
pain relief疼痛的缓解

词语积累：
relieve vt.减轻，缓解→relief n．宽慰，安心
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Having seen the patient come back to life, Doctor Li nodded his head ________ relief.
②—Don't worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only the flu.
—What ________ relief! I'll tell Dad there's nothing serious.
③It is a relief ________ (hear) that he will come back soon.
④With all the problems solved, he went home _______ (如释重负地)．
⑤___________ (令她欣慰的是), the architect was out of danger.
in
a
to hear
in relief
To her relief
4.cure vt.治愈；治好(疾病)；解决(问题)　n．药物；治疗；(解决问题、改善糟糕情况的)措施
(教材P54)．..he found that creating music was a relief and cure for his illness.
……他发现创作音乐是一种对自己疾病的缓解和治疗。
cure＋疾病 治愈某种疾病
cure＋人 治愈某人的病
cure sth. 解决某种问题
cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的……病；矫正/改正某人的某种不良行为或态度
There is no easy cure for... 没有办法治愈……，没有办法解决……
There is still no cure for AIDS.艾滋病仍然无法治愈。
a cure for crime解决犯罪问题的措施
The doctor cured him of his disease.医生治好了他的病。
I finally managed to cure the rattling noise in my car.我最终设法解决了汽车发出的吱吱声。
cure him of his bad habits矫正他的坏习惯
[词语辨析]　cure与treat
The doctor treated her headache with a new medicine, but didn't cure her.
医生用一种新药为她治头痛，但没把她治好。
易混词 辨析 搭配
cure 强调结果，即“治愈” cure sb. of sth.治愈某人的……病
treat 强调过程，即“治疗” treat sb. for sth.治疗某人的……病
同类搭配词联想：
与cure sb. of sth.结构相同的短语还有：
warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事
inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事
remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事
rob sb. of sth.抢某人的某物
rid sb. of sth.使某人摆脱某事
accuse sb. of sth.指控某人犯有……罪
suspect sb. of sth.怀疑某人某事
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子/辨析填空：cure/treat
①My son has got into some bad habits. I think I should cure him______ them.
②Up to now we haven't found a cure ________ cancer.
③The doctor ___________ (治好了) his headache.
④People still can't find __________ (治疗……的方法) the disease.
⑤Which doctor is ________ you for this trouble
⑥The only way to ________ backache is to rest.
of
for
cured him of
a cure for
treating
cure
5.previous adj.先前的；以往的
(教材P54)．..he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him, like he had in his previous life.……他觉得他仿佛能“看到”周围世界的美，就像他前世一样。
previously adv. 以前，先前
previous to 在……以前(to是介词)
the previous day/chapter/owner 前一天/前一章/前一个主人
previous experience 以前的经验
The author referred to it in the previous paragraph.作者在前一段里提到这件事。
Previous to the conference, we discussed the matter among ourselves.
在会议之前，我们自己讨论了这个问题。
[归纳拓展]
同义词辨析：
previous指按时间和次序在某事物“之前的”：the previous chapter上一章
former指“从前的”，而不是现在的：the former US president美国前总统

词语积累：
previously adv.以前，先前
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Previous to ________ (draw) a conclusion, please take all aspects into account.
②The building had ________ (previous) been used as a hotel.
③Although he only joined the company last year, he is senior ________ me.
④Janet made a good impression on me ____________ (在……之前) the matter.
⑤I just can't believe Kobe Bryant died. I had only seen him on TV _______________ (前几天)．
drawing
previously
to
previous to
the previous days
6.unemployed adj.失业的；待业的
(教材P54)Dave was unemployed so he had time to consider what job he really wanted.
戴夫失业了，所以他有时间考虑他真正想要的工作。
an unemployed builder 失业的建筑工人
become unemployed 失业
the unemployed 失业者(一类人)
employment n. 就业；工作；使用
full employment 全面就业
out of employment (＝out of work) 失业
full-time/part-time employment 全职/兼职工作
unemployment n. 失业；失业人数
an area of high/low unemployment 失业率高/低的地区
The company employed his sister as a secretary.那公司雇用他姐姐当秘书。
词语积累：
be employed in doing sth.＝employ oneself in doing sth.从事某事，忙于做某事
employ vt. 雇用；使用
employ sb. as sth. 雇用某人当……
employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事
employer n. 雇主
employee n. 雇员
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①She has been employed ________ a secretary in a big company in Shanghai.
②It is a fact beyond debate that the __________ (employ) pressure of graduates is heavy.
③It's been reported that 76 percent of ________ (employee) in some western countries are using emojis (表情符号) at work.
④The government has promised to take measures to help the _________ (employ)．
⑤The woman was employed ________ (watch) over the old during his absence.
⑥He_________________(一直忙于……) researching the wildlife protection in recent years.
as
employment
employees
unemployed
to watch
has been employed in
7．impact n. 巨大影响；强大作用；冲击力　v．(对某事物)有影响
(教材P54)．..the Impact members show quite a few striking qualities.
……有影响力的成员显示了相当多的惊人的品质。
have an impact on/upon 对……有影响
impact on/upon 对……有影响
This incident had a great impact on his life.这件事对他的生活有很大的影响。
These costs will impact on our profitability.这些费用会影响到我们的利润。
归纳拓展：
affect/influence sb./sth.对……有影响
have an effect/influence on/upon对……有影响
注意：effect在此短语中是名词，不是动词。它作动词用时是“使发生；实现；引起”之意。
如：effect great changes in the company.使公司发生巨大变化。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①A study shows drinking coffee before exercise has a negative impact ________ heart.
②The teachers' words always have a deep impact ________ a student's future career.
③How will the war ________________________________ (影响) the lifestyle of ordinary people
④To tell the truth, smoking _____________________________(对健康有不好的影响)．
on/upon
on/upon
have an impact on/upon或impact on/upon
has a bad impact on/upon ones' health
8.aim vi.& vt.力求达到；力争做到；瞄准　vt.目的是；旨在　n．目的；目标
(教材P54)Filled with team spirit, they act as a whole, always aiming for glory.
充满团队精神，他们作为一个整体，总是追求荣誉。
aim to do sth./aim at doing sth. 力求做某事
aim (sth.) at... (使某物)针对某人；(用某物)瞄准某物
be aimed at (doing) sth. 旨在……，目的是……
with the aim of doing sth. 为了做某事
achieve one's aim 达到某人的目的/目标
take aim at 瞄准……
词语积累：aimless adj.漫无目的的；无目标的
aimlessly adv.漫无目的地；无目标地
They are aiming to reduce unemployment by 50%.他们正力求使失业率下降50%。
He aimed (his gun) at the deer, fired but missed it.他(用枪)瞄准一头鹿，开了枪但未打中。
These measures are aimed at preventing violent crime.这些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。
She went to London with the aim of finding a job.她去伦敦是为了找工作。
He achieved his aim of becoming a composer.他实现了成为作曲家的目标。
Slowly the hunter raised his gun and began to take aim at the antelope.
猎人慢慢地举起枪，开始瞄准羚羊。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Jane moved ________ (aimless) down the tree-lined street, not knowing where she was heading.
②Well, I came out here ________ (aim) for the gold.
③All our projects aim ___________ (promote) the development of poor and remote communities.
④I was aiming ______ the tree but hit the car by mistake.
⑤She went to the library with the aim______borrowing an English novel.
⑥The new toy______(aim) at children has been a surprise hit with adults.
⑦The proposal put forward by the scientist ______ (力求) help promote fully automatic driving.
⑧_________ (旨在) preventing accidents at work, the rules work well.
aimlessly
aiming
to promote
at
of
aimed
aims to
Aimed at
9.be/get absorbed in sth./sb.被……吸引住；专心致志
(教材P54)When he got absorbed in his world of music...当他沉浸在音乐的世界里时……
absorb one's attention (＝attract one's attention) 吸引某人的注意力
absorb oneself in (＝be absorbed in) 全神贯注于，专注于
absorb...into... 把……吸收进……；将……并入……
Yuan Longping is absorbed in his research on rice.袁隆平专心于他的水稻研究。
The cream is easily absorbed into the skin.这种乳霜易被皮肤吸收。
The surrounding small towns have been absorbed into the city.四周的小城镇已被并入这座城市。
Every time I see him he is buried in his work.我每次见到他，他都埋头工作。
Over half his speech was devoted to the issue of unemployment.
他那篇演讲用了一半多的篇幅讨论失业问题。
学法点拨：
be absorbed in全神贯注于；专注于
be lost in陷于；为……所吸引
be buried in埋头于；专心于
be occupied in忙于
be devoted to专心于；致力于
focus on把注意力集中于
concentrate on把注意力集中于
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①That country had absorbed some small states ________ her empire.
②All eyes were focused ________ him when he came in.
③With the children making so much noise outside, I can't get absorbed ________ my study.
④________ (absorb) in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.
⑤Rose _______________________________ (全神贯注于) her job that she didn't hear anybody knocking at the door.
＝_____________________________ her job, Rose didn't hear anybody knocking at the door.
⑥You should ________________ (把注意力集中于) the road when you're driving.
into
on
in
Absorbed
was so absorbed/buried/lost/occupied in
Absorbed/Buried/Lost/Occupied in
concentrate/focus on
第二版块|单元语法——过去分词作表语和状语
[即学即练1]　过去分词作表语/单句语法填空
1．The fact is that store is now ________(close)．
2．They were ________ at the ________ news.(excite)
3．The sound was _________ and he was _________.(frighten)
[即学即练2]　过去分词作状语/单句语法填空
1．Nervously ________ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”．
2．________(order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.
3．________(raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.
closed
excited
exciting
frightening
frightened
facing
Ordered
Raised
4．Clearly and thoughtfully ______ (write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
5.________(ask) why they lied, the most common reason was to “impress” someone they were speaking to.
6．Film has a much shorter history, especially when ________(compare) to such art forms as music and painting.
7．___________(not know) which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.
8．When ________(ask) for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
9．________(offer) an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.
written
Asked
compared
Not knowing
asked
Offered
[即学即练3]　单句语法填空
1．For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying ________ (connect)．
2．In April, thousands of holiday-makers remained ________ (stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
3．Ladies and gentlemen, please remain ________ (seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.
4．How ________ (relax) his lifestyle was!
connected
stuck
seated
relaxing
5．His most ________ (excite) invitation was to perform on a TV programme called “Top of the Pops”．
6．A sudden stop can be a very __________ (frighten) experience, especially if you are travelling at high speed.
7．I have been ________ with his ________ stories.(bore)
8．There's something deeply ________ (satisfy) about eating vegetables that you have grown yourself.
exciting
frightening
bored
boring
satisfying
[即学即练4]　完成句子
1．听到那个消息他似乎很高兴。
___________________________________________________________
2．门仍然锁着。
___________________________________________________________
3．他们的热烈欢迎使他很高兴。
___________________________________________________________
4．这位艺术家受到自然美的启发。
___________________________________________________________
He seemed quite delighted at the news.
The door remained locked.
He was pleased with their warm welcome.
The artist is inspired by the beauty of nature.
一、过去分词作表语
(1)过去分词作表语主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。
The well is surrounded with a wall only 12 inches high.
井被只有12英寸高的井台包围着。
(2)“get＋过去分词”也能用于被动结构和系表结构，用于被动结构时，它强调动作的发生；用于系表结构时，它强调状态的变化。
*Most of the skin on his face got burnt away in the fire.
在火灾中，他脸上的皮肤大部分烧掉了。
(3)过去分词作表语与被动语态的差异。
作表语用的过去分词表示主语的特点或所处的状态，强调主谓关系。这种结构中的过去分词前可加quite, very, rather等修饰词。被动语态表示动作，强调动宾关系，绝大多数被动结构中的行为执行者还可以用by短语来表示。
* The novel is well written.(系表结构)这部小说写得很好。
* The novel is written by Lu Xun.(被动语态)这部小说是鲁迅写的。
(4)有些过去分词作表语时，相当于形容词，且大部分已转化为形容词，常见的有：delighted，disappointed，discouraged, drunk, amused, astonished, hurt, interested，crowded, tired, satisfied, pleased, surprised, worried，excited, married, puzzled, upset等。
*On hearing the good news everyone was very excited.听到这个好消息，大家都很激动。
*The book is very interesting and I'm very interested in it.这本书很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。
【名师点津】
充当形容词的动词-ing形式和过去分词的区别：动词-ing形式一般具有主动意义，表示“起某种作用”，多用于说明事物本身的性质、特征及给人的感觉；过去分词一般具有被动意义，表示“受某种影响”，多用于形容人的感觉。
常用的这类词有：


They were shocked to know that some people died of the unknown disease.
得知一些人死于这种未知的疾病，他们感到震惊。
Although the little girl was frightened, she answered in a calm voice.
虽然小女孩很害怕，但她还是用平静的声音回答。
【学法点拨】
有些使令动词，如dress, seat, absorb等，其过去分词无论作定语还是表语，都无被动的意味。因为dress oneself in等于be dressed in; seat oneself on等于be seated on; absorb oneself in等于be absorbed in，这种现象缘于反身代词的用法：主语和宾语同为一人，主语是动作的发出者，又是动作的承受者，这就出现了被动语态或过去分词不表示“被动”的语言现象。
二、过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
1．原因状语
*Choked by the heavy smoke, he could hardly breathe.
他被浓烟呛了，几乎不能呼吸了。
*Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.
因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身都湿透了。
2．时间状语
*Left to itself in the room, the baby began to cry.
当被独自留在房间里时，婴儿哭了起来。
*Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty.
当被问及他为什么要这么做时，班长说这是他的职责。
3．条件状语
*Seen in this aspect, the matter isn't as serious as people generally suppose.
如果从这个角度看，问题并不像人们普遍认为的那样严重。
*Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.
如果被种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
4．方式或伴随状语
*Surrounded by his students, the professor sat there cheerfully.
那位教授在学生的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。
*He stood there silently, moved to tears.
他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。
5．让步状语
*Beaten by the police and sent to jail, Gandi created the principle of nonviolent resistance first.
尽管受到了警察的殴打并被投入了监狱，甘地却首创了非暴力抵抗的原则。
*Defeated again, he didn't lose heart.
虽然再次被击败，但他没有灰心。
三、现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别
1．逻辑关系
现在分词作状语与过去分词作状语的最主要区别在于：两者与所修饰的主句的主语的逻辑关系的区别。
(1)现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
*He went out，shutting the door behind him.
他出去后随手关上了门。(he是shut这个动作的发出者，构成逻辑上的主谓关系)
*Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.
由于不知如何是好，他去找父母帮忙。
(2)过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
*Given more encouragement, the boy could have behaved better.
如果多给这个男孩一些鼓励，他本能表现得更好。(句子主语the boy与give构成逻辑上的动宾关系)
*Faced with difficulties，we must try to overcome them.
在遇到困难时，我们必须设法克服。
(3)部分过去分词来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示“被动关系”，其前不用being。常见的这种过去分词及短语有：lost in(陷入某种状态)，seated(坐着的)，hidden(躲着)，lost/absorbed(沉溺于)，born in(出生于)，dressed in(穿着)，tired of(厌烦了)等。
*Lost/Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't hear the sound.
因为陷入沉思中，所以他没有听到那个声音。
*Born in this beautiful town, he hates to leave it.
出生于这个美丽的小镇，他不愿离开它。
2．时间概念
过去分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，或表示“一种状态”，与谓语动作同时发生或存在。现在分词的一般式(doing)表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或在说话时正在进行。
*Written in a hurry, this article was not so good.
因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。
*Reading carefully, he found something he hadn't known before.
他仔细读书时，发现了一些从前不知道的东西。
【学法点拨】
分词作状语记忆口诀
分词作状语，主语是问题。
逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。
主语找出后，再来断关系。
主动用v.-ing，被动用v.-ed。
having done表先后，千万要记住。
一般来说，不论是动词不定式作状语、-ing分词作状语，还是过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。但是，有一些非谓语动词短语已经游离出来，成为单独的短语，在句子中作状语。
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．________(catch) in a heavy rain, he was all wet.
2．________(grow) in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.
3．___________(surround) by his students, the professor sat there cheerfully.
4．________(bury) in the novel, he didn't notice her enter the room.
5．________(read) the book carefully, he didn't notice his teacher enter the room.
6．Yesterday we were deeply ________(move) by the movie directed by Zhang Yimou.
7．I am very ________(delight) at the news that my brother got first place in the long-distance race.
Caught
Grown
Surrounded
Buried
Reading
moved
delighted
8．We were all ________ by the ________ speech made by the well-known teacher.(inspire)
9．My parents were ________(satisfy) with the plan for our summer vacation.
10．Tony is really amusing and tells jokes when he thinks we're getting ________(bore)．
11．________(guide) by an artist, the girl made great progress.
12．Though ________(defeat) many times, the man didn't lose heart.
13．________(worry) about their children's safety, parents together with the teachers went into the mountains in search of the ________(lose) students.
14．________(praise) by the head teacher, Amy was excited all day.
15．Completely ________(examine) by the doctors, Mr.Lee went back to work right now.
inspired
inspiring
satisfied
bored
Guided
defeated
Worried
lost
Praised
examined
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．When it is completed, the museum will be open to the public next year.
→_____________， the museum will be open to the public next year.
2．If he is given time, he'll make a first-class tennis player.
→_____________， he'll make a first-class tennis player.
3．When Mr. Smith was tired of the boring speech, he started to read a novel.
→Mr. Smith, ____________________， started to read a novel.
4．Unless you are invited to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
→__________________， you should remain silent at the conference.
When completed
Given time
tired of the boring speech
Unless invited to speak
Ⅲ.短文语法填空
People have all turned to sad music to make 1.__________ (they) feel better at some point in their lives, but why does the music with double sadness help drag people out of low spirits
A new study throws light on what's going on inside people's brains when they match their music to their feelings, and it looks as if sad music can be enjoyable, rather than 2.________ (simple) depressing. Music of this sort can arouse positive memories in people's life, thus 3.________ (lift) their mood.
Psychologist Adrian North from Curtin University in Australia says 4.________ exist two groups of possible explanations for why people enjoy listening 5.________ sad music—one from social psychology (心理学), and the other from cognitive neuroscience (神经学)．
themselves
simply
lifting
to
better
In terms of social psychology, one idea about this is that people will feel 6.________ (good) about themselves if they focus on someone who's doing even worse. Everything's going to be okay, because this person is having 7.________ even worse day than they are.
Another idea from social psychology is that people like to listen to the very music 8.________ shows their present life circumstances, because this kind of music makes them feel they are understood. With their emotions 9.________ (share), they definitely get a certain amount of comfort.
So sad music does cheer people up, and it 10.________ (work) far better than happy music, in most cases.
better
an
that
shared
worksSection Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
第一版块|核心词汇
1.gradual adj.逐渐的；渐进的
(教材P54)Though he was affected by gradual blindness soon after the performance...
尽管演出后不久他就逐渐失明……
a gradual process 一个循序渐进的过程
gradual growth 逐渐成长
a gradual increase in the birth rate 出生率的逐渐增长
a gradual change in climate 气候的逐渐变化
a gradual increase in the number of people owning cars 拥有汽车的人数在逐渐上升
As you go further south, you will notice a gradual change of climate.
当你一路往南走下去的时候，你就会注意到气候的逐渐变化。
词语积累：
gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地
have gradually changed逐渐变化
温馨提示：
exercise用法小解
exercise特指：(1)为提高技巧或业务水平而规定的“练习”“训练”可数名词，使用时可用“an exercise”也可用复数“exercises”。
如：The book contains a series of graded exercises adapted for beginners.书中有一系列按难易排列的练习，以适应初学者之用。
(2)“体格锻炼”。
如：You need more outdoor exercise.你需要多做户外锻炼。
这时exercise不可数。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①These exercises let your heart rate increase and decrease ________ (gradual), but not suddenly.
②Over 300 years its population grew ________ (gradual) from 800 people to 8 million.
③Arts have a ________ (gradual) spreading effect.
④There is a ________________ (逐渐变化) in climate.
⑤Education is ________________________ (一个渐进的过程)．
2.capable adj.有能力的；有才能的
(教材P54)．..Henry was still capable of writing compositions...……亨利仍然有能力作曲……
incapable adj.　　　没有能力的；不能克制自己的
You are capable of better work than this.你有能力做得比这更好。
Not everyone is capable of judging art.并不是每个人都有鉴赏艺术的能力。
“much of a＋名词”是个特殊结构，much of表示一种程度，意为“称得上……的，了不起的”
When first entered, Vanak Restaurant does not look like much of a restaurant, but once the pleasant smells of kabob hit the senses, you are incapable of calling it anything less.
当第一次进去的时候，Vanak餐厅看上去不太像一个餐厅，但是一旦烤肉串的香味迎面而来，你就再也不会这样说了。
常用搭配：
be (perfectly) capable of (doing) sth.(完全)有能力(做)某事
此搭配中，capable可以用副词来修饰，表示程度
be incapable of doing sth.没能力做某事
a strong capable woman一个坚强能干的女人
capable hands能手，高手(用于指具有某种高超技艺的人)
词语积累：
capability n．才能；能力
即学即练　完成句子
①我完全有能力完成这个任务。
I'm perfectly capable of ________ through the task.
②The pianist ________________ (有……才能) playing various songs on the piano.
③Actually, we ________________________ (有能力阻止) the disease from spreading.
3.relief n．(焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除；(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱
(教材P54)．..he found that creating music was a relief and cure for his illness.
……他发现创作音乐是一种对自己疾病的缓解和治疗。
in relief 如释重负；松了口气
to one's relief 令某人欣慰的是
much to one's relief/to one's great relief 令某人非常欣慰的是
It is a relief to see/have/know... 看到/拥有/知道……是件令人宽慰的事。
What a relief! 终于放心了！
breathe a sigh of relief 松了口气
She smiled in relief after she heard her son survived in the disaster.
听到儿子在灾难中幸存下来，她如释重负地笑了。
To her relief, her younger brother recovered quickly after operation.
令她欣慰的是，她弟弟手术后很快就恢复了。
In a way it was a relief to know exactly what was happening.
确切了解正在发生的事情，在一定程度上令人宽慰。
误区警示：
to one's relief使某人欣慰的是，为了强调，可在to前面加much或者在relief前加great，意为“使某人非常欣慰的是”。有相同用法的词还有：surprise, joy, regret等。
disaster relief赈灾
relief work救济工作
pain relief疼痛的缓解
词语积累：
relieve vt.减轻，缓解→relief n．宽慰，安心
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Having seen the patient come back to life, Doctor Li nodded his head ________ relief.
②—Don't worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only the flu.
—What ________ relief! I'll tell Dad there's nothing serious.
③It is a relief ________ (hear) that he will come back soon.
④With all the problems solved, he went home ____________________ (如释重负地)．
⑤____________________ (令她欣慰的是), the architect was out of danger.
4.cure vt.治愈；治好(疾病)；解决(问题)　n．药物；治疗；(解决问题、改善糟糕情况的)措施
(教材P54)．..he found that creating music was a relief and cure for his illness.
……他发现创作音乐是一种对自己疾病的缓解和治疗。
cure＋疾病 治愈某种疾病
cure＋人 治愈某人的病
cure sth. 解决某种问题
cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的……病；矫正/改正某人的某种不良行为或态度
There is no easy cure for... 没有办法治愈……，没有办法解决……
There is still no cure for AIDS.艾滋病仍然无法治愈。
a cure for crime解决犯罪问题的措施
The doctor cured him of his disease.医生治好了他的病。
I finally managed to cure the rattling noise in my car.我最终设法解决了汽车发出的吱吱声。
cure him of his bad habits矫正他的坏习惯
[词语辨析]　cure与treat
易混词 辨析 搭配
cure 强调结果，即“治愈” cure sb. of sth.治愈某人的……病
treat 强调过程，即“治疗” treat sb. for sth.治疗某人的……病
The doctor treated her headache with a new medicine, but didn't cure her.
医生用一种新药为她治头痛，但没把她治好。
同类搭配词联想：
与cure sb. of sth.结构相同的短语还有：
warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事
inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事
remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事
rob sb. of sth.抢某人的某物
rid sb. of sth.使某人摆脱某事
accuse sb. of sth.指控某人犯有……罪
suspect sb. of sth.怀疑某人某事
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子/辨析填空：cure/treat
①My son has got into some bad habits. I think I should cure him ________ them.
②Up to now we haven't found a cure ________ cancer.
③The doctor ________________ (治好了) his headache.
④People still can't find ____________________ (治疗……的方法) the disease.
⑤Which doctor is ________ you for this trouble
⑥The only way to ________ backache is to rest.
5.previous adj.先前的；以往的
(教材P54)．..he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him, like he had in his previous life.……他觉得他仿佛能“看到”周围世界的美，就像他前世一样。
previously adv. 以前，先前
previous to 在……以前(to是介词)
the previous day/chapter/owner 前一天/前一章/前一个主人
previous experience 以前的经验
The author referred to it in the previous paragraph.作者在前一段里提到这件事。
Previous to the conference, we discussed the matter among ourselves.
在会议之前，我们自己讨论了这个问题。
[归纳拓展]
同义词辨析：
previous指按时间和次序在某事物“之前的”：the previous chapter上一章
former指“从前的”，而不是现在的：the former US president美国前总统
词语积累：
previously adv.以前，先前
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Previous to ________ (draw) a conclusion, please take all aspects into account.
②The building had ________ (previous) been used as a hotel.
③Although he only joined the company last year, he is senior ________ me.
④Janet made a good impression on me ____________ (在……之前) the matter.
⑤I just can't believe Kobe Bryant died. I had only seen him on TV ______________________ (前几天)．
6.unemployed adj.失业的；待业的
(教材P54)Dave was unemployed so he had time to consider what job he really wanted.
戴夫失业了，所以他有时间考虑他真正想要的工作。
an unemployed builder 失业的建筑工人
become unemployed 失业
the unemployed 失业者(一类人)
employment n. 就业；工作；使用
full employment 全面就业
out of employment (＝out of work) 失业
full-time/part-time employment 全职/兼职工作
unemployment n. 失业；失业人数
an area of high/low unemployment 失业率高/低的地区
The company employed his sister as a secretary.那公司雇用他姐姐当秘书。
词语积累：
be employed in doing sth.＝employ oneself in doing sth.从事某事，忙于做某事
employ vt. 雇用；使用
employ sb. as sth. 雇用某人当……
employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事
employer n. 雇主
employee n. 雇员
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①She has been employed ________ a secretary in a big company in Shanghai.
②It is a fact beyond debate that the ________ (employ) pressure of graduates is heavy.
③It's been reported that 76 percent of ________ (employee) in some western countries are using emojis (表情符号) at work.
④The government has promised to take measures to help the ________ (employ)．
⑤The woman was employed ________ (watch) over the old during his absence.
⑥He ________________________________ (一直忙于……) researching the wildlife protection in recent years.
7．impact n. 巨大影响；强大作用；冲击力　v．(对某事物)有影响
(教材P54)．..the Impact members show quite a few striking qualities.
……有影响力的成员显示了相当多的惊人的品质。
have an impact on/upon 对……有影响
impact on/upon 对……有影响
This incident had a great impact on his life.这件事对他的生活有很大的影响。
These costs will impact on our profitability.这些费用会影响到我们的利润。
归纳拓展：
affect/influence sb./sth.对……有影响
have an effect/influence on/upon对……有影响
注意：effect在此短语中是名词，不是动词。它作动词用时是“使发生；实现；引起”之意。
如：effect great changes in the company.使公司发生巨大变化。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①A study shows drinking coffee before exercise has a negative impact ________ heart.
②The teachers' words always have a deep impact ________ a student's future career.
③How will the war ________________________ (影响) the lifestyle of ordinary people
④To tell the truth, smoking __________________________________(对健康有不好的影响)．
8.aim vi.& vt.力求达到；力争做到；瞄准　vt.目的是；旨在　n．目的；目标
(教材P54)Filled with team spirit, they act as a whole, always aiming for glory.
充满团队精神，他们作为一个整体，总是追求荣誉。
aim to do sth./aim at doing sth. 力求做某事
aim (sth.) at... (使某物)针对某人；(用某物)瞄准某物
be aimed at (doing) sth. 旨在……，目的是……
with the aim of doing sth. 为了做某事
achieve one's aim 达到某人的目的/目标
take aim at 瞄准……
They are aiming to reduce unemployment by 50%.他们正力求使失业率下降50%。
He aimed (his gun) at the deer, fired but missed it.他(用枪)瞄准一头鹿，开了枪但未打中。
These measures are aimed at preventing violent crime.这些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。
She went to London with the aim of finding a job.她去伦敦是为了找工作。
He achieved his aim of becoming a composer.他实现了成为作曲家的目标。
Slowly the hunter raised his gun and began to take aim at the antelope.
猎人慢慢地举起枪，开始瞄准羚羊。
词语积累：
aimless adj.漫无目的的；无目标的
aimlessly adv.漫无目的地；无目标地
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Jane moved ________ (aimless) down the tree-lined street, not knowing where she was heading.
②Well, I came out here ________ (aim) for the gold.
③All our projects aim ________ (promote) the development of poor and remote communities.
④I was aiming ________ the tree but hit the car by mistake.
⑤She went to the library with the aim ________ borrowing an English novel.
⑥The new toy ________ (aim) at children has been a surprise hit with adults.
⑦The proposal put forward by the scientist ________________ (力求) help promote fully automatic driving.
⑧________________ (旨在) preventing accidents at work, the rules work well.
9.be/get absorbed in sth./sb.被……吸引住；专心致志
(教材P54)When he got absorbed in his world of music...当他沉浸在音乐的世界里时……
absorb one's attention (＝attract one's attention) 吸引某人的注意力
absorb oneself in (＝be absorbed in) 全神贯注于，专注于
absorb...into... 把……吸收进……；将……并入……
Yuan Longping is absorbed in his research on rice.袁隆平专心于他的水稻研究。
The cream is easily absorbed into the skin.这种乳霜易被皮肤吸收。
The surrounding small towns have been absorbed into the city.四周的小城镇已被并入这座城市。
Every time I see him he is buried in his work.我每次见到他，他都埋头工作。
Over half his speech was devoted to the issue of unemployment.
他那篇演讲用了一半多的篇幅讨论失业问题。
学法点拨：
be absorbed in全神贯注于；专注于
be lost in陷于；为……所吸引
be buried in埋头于；专心于
be occupied in忙于
be devoted to专心于；致力于
focus on把注意力集中于
concentrate on把注意力集中于
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①That country had absorbed some small states ________ her empire.
②All eyes were focused ________ him when he came in.
③With the children making so much noise outside, I can't get absorbed ________ my study.
④________ (absorb) in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.
⑤Rose ________________________________ (全神贯注于) her job that she didn't hear anybody knocking at the door.
＝________________ her job, Rose didn't hear anybody knocking at the door.
⑥You should ________________ (把注意力集中于) the road when you're driving.
第二版块|单元语法——过去分词作表语和状语
[即学即练1]　过去分词作表语/单句语法填空
1．The fact is that store is now ________(close)．
2．They were ________ at the ________ news.(excite)
3．The sound was ________ and he was ________.(frighten)
[即学即练2]　过去分词作状语/单句语法填空
1．Nervously ________ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”．
2．________(order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.
3．________(raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.
4．Clearly and thoughtfully ______ (write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
5.________(ask) why they lied, the most common reason was to “impress” someone they were speaking to.
6．Film has a much shorter history, especially when ________(compare) to such art forms as music and painting.
7．________(not know) which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.
8．When ________(ask) for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
9．________(offer) an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.
[即学即练3]　单句语法填空
1．For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying ______ (connect)．
2．In April, thousands of holiday-makers remained ________ (stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
3．Ladies and gentlemen, please remain ________ (seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.
4．How ________ (relax) his lifestyle was!
5．His most ________ (excite) invitation was to perform on a TV programme called “Top of the Pops”．
6．A sudden stop can be a very ________ (frighten) experience, especially if you are travelling at high speed.
7．I have been ________ with his ________ stories.(bore)
8．There's something deeply ________ (satisfy) about eating vegetables that you have grown yourself.
[即学即练4]　完成句子
1．听到那个消息他似乎很高兴。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．门仍然锁着。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．他们的热烈欢迎使他很高兴。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．这位艺术家受到自然美的启发。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
一、过去分词作表语
(1)过去分词作表语主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。
The well is surrounded with a wall only 12 inches high.
井被只有12英寸高的井台包围着。
(2)“get＋过去分词”也能用于被动结构和系表结构，用于被动结构时，它强调动作的发生；用于系表结构时，它强调状态的变化。
*Most of the skin on his face got burnt away in the fire.
在火灾中，他脸上的皮肤大部分烧掉了。
(3)过去分词作表语与被动语态的差异。
作表语用的过去分词表示主语的特点或所处的状态，强调主谓关系。这种结构中的过去分词前可加quite, very, rather等修饰词。被动语态表示动作，强调动宾关系，绝大多数被动结构中的行为执行者还可以用by短语来表示。
* The novel is well written.(系表结构)这部小说写得很好。
* The novel is written by Lu Xun.(被动语态)这部小说是鲁迅写的。
(4)有些过去分词作表语时，相当于形容词，且大部分已转化为形容词，常见的有：delighted，disappointed，discouraged, drunk, amused, astonished, hurt, interested，crowded, tired, satisfied, pleased, surprised, worried，excited, married, puzzled, upset等。
*On hearing the good news everyone was very excited.听到这个好消息，大家都很激动。
*The book is very interesting and I'm very interested in it.这本书很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。
【名师点津】
充当形容词的动词-ing形式和过去分词的区别：动词-ing形式一般具有主动意义，表示“起某种作用”，多用于说明事物本身的性质、特征及给人的感觉；过去分词一般具有被动意义，表示“受某种影响”，多用于形容人的感觉。
常用的这类词有：
They were shocked to know that some people died of the unknown disease.
得知一些人死于这种未知的疾病，他们感到震惊。
Although the little girl was frightened, she answered in a calm voice.
虽然小女孩很害怕，但她还是用平静的声音回答。
【学法点拨】
有些使令动词，如dress, seat, absorb等，其过去分词无论作定语还是表语，都无被动的意味。因为dress oneself in等于be dressed in; seat oneself on等于be seated on; absorb oneself in等于be absorbed in，这种现象缘于反身代词的用法：主语和宾语同为一人，主语是动作的发出者，又是动作的承受者，这就出现了被动语态或过去分词不表示“被动”的语言现象。
二、过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
1．原因状语
*Choked by the heavy smoke, he could hardly breathe.
他被浓烟呛了，几乎不能呼吸了。
*Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.
因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身都湿透了。
2．时间状语
*Left to itself in the room, the baby began to cry.
当被独自留在房间里时，婴儿哭了起来。
*Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty.
当被问及他为什么要这么做时，班长说这是他的职责。
3．条件状语
*Seen in this aspect, the matter isn't as serious as people generally suppose.
如果从这个角度看，问题并不像人们普遍认为的那样严重。
*Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.
如果被种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
4．方式或伴随状语
*Surrounded by his students, the professor sat there cheerfully.
那位教授在学生的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。
*He stood there silently, moved to tears.
他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。
5．让步状语
*Beaten by the police and sent to jail, Gandi created the principle of nonviolent resistance first.
尽管受到了警察的殴打并被投入了监狱，甘地却首创了非暴力抵抗的原则。
*Defeated again, he didn't lose heart.
虽然再次被击败，但他没有灰心。
三、现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别
1．逻辑关系
现在分词作状语与过去分词作状语的最主要区别在于：两者与所修饰的主句的主语的逻辑关系的区别。
(1)现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
*He went out，shutting the door behind him.
他出去后随手关上了门。(he是shut这个动作的发出者，构成逻辑上的主谓关系)
*Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.
由于不知如何是好，他去找父母帮忙。
(2)过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
*Given more encouragement, the boy could have behaved better.
如果多给这个男孩一些鼓励，他本能表现得更好。(句子主语the boy与give构成逻辑上的动宾关系)
*Faced with difficulties，we must try to overcome them.
在遇到困难时，我们必须设法克服。
(3)部分过去分词来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示“被动关系”，其前不用being。常见的这种过去分词及短语有：lost in(陷入某种状态)，seated(坐着的)，hidden(躲着)，lost/absorbed(沉溺于)，born in(出生于)，dressed in(穿着)，tired of(厌烦了)等。
*Lost/Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't hear the sound.
因为陷入沉思中，所以他没有听到那个声音。
*Born in this beautiful town, he hates to leave it.
出生于这个美丽的小镇，他不愿离开它。
2．时间概念
过去分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，或表示“一种状态”，与谓语动作同时发生或存在。现在分词的一般式(doing)表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或在说话时正在进行。
*Written in a hurry, this article was not so good.
因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。
*Reading carefully, he found something he hadn't known before.
他仔细读书时，发现了一些从前不知道的东西。
【学法点拨】
分词作状语记忆口诀
分词作状语，主语是问题。
逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。
主语找出后，再来断关系。
主动用v.-ing，被动用v.-ed。
having done表先后，千万要记住。
一般来说，不论是动词不定式作状语、-ing分词作状语，还是过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。但是，有一些非谓语动词短语已经游离出来，成为单独的短语，在句子中作状语。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．________(catch) in a heavy rain, he was all wet.
2．________(grow) in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.
3．________(surround) by his students, the professor sat there cheerfully.
4．________(bury) in the novel, he didn't notice her enter the room.
5．________(read) the book carefully, he didn't notice his teacher enter the room.
6．Yesterday we were deeply ________(move) by the movie directed by Zhang Yimou.
7．I am very ________(delight) at the news that my brother got first place in the long-distance race.
8．We were all ________ by the ________ speech made by the well-known teacher.(inspire)
9．My parents were ________(satisfy) with the plan for our summer vacation.
10．Tony is really amusing and tells jokes when he thinks we're getting ________(bore)．
11．________(guide) by an artist, the girl made great progress.
12．Though ________(defeat) many times, the man didn't lose heart.
13．________(worry) about their children's safety, parents together with the teachers went into the mountains in search of the ________(lose) students.
14．________(praise) by the head teacher, Amy was excited all day.
15．Completely ________(examine) by the doctors, Mr.Lee went back to work right now.
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．When it is completed, the museum will be open to the public next year.
→________________， the museum will be open to the public next year.
2．If he is given time, he'll make a first-class tennis player.
→________________， he'll make a first-class tennis player.
3．When Mr. Smith was tired of the boring speech, he started to read a novel.
→Mr. Smith, ________________， started to read a novel.
4．Unless you are invited to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
→________________， you should remain silent at the conference.
Ⅲ.短文语法填空
People have all turned to sad music to make 1.________ (they) feel better at some point in their lives, but why does the music with double sadness help drag people out of low spirits
A new study throws light on what's going on inside people's brains when they match their music to their feelings, and it looks as if sad music can be enjoyable, rather than 2.________ (simple) depressing. Music of this sort can arouse positive memories in people's life, thus 3.________ (lift) their mood.
Psychologist Adrian North from Curtin University in Australia says 4.________ exist two groups of possible explanations for why people enjoy listening 5.________ sad music—one from social psychology (心理学), and the other from cognitive neuroscience (神经学)．
In terms of social psychology, one idea about this is that people will feel 6.________ (good) about themselves if they focus on someone who's doing even worse. Everything's going to be okay, because this person is having 7.________ even worse day than they are.
Another idea from social psychology is that people like to listen to the very music 8.________ shows their present life circumstances, because this kind of music makes them feel they are understood. With their emotions 9.________ (share), they definitely get a certain amount of comfort.
So sad music does cheer people up, and it 10.________ (work) far better than happy music, in most cases.
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
语法精讲·难点透析
第一版块|核心词汇
1．①gradually　②gradually　③gradually　④gradual change　⑤a gradual process
2．①getting　②is capable of　③are capable of preventing
3．①in　②a　③to hear　④in relief　⑤To her relief
4．①of　②for　③cured him of　④a cure for　⑤treating　⑥cure
5．①drawing　②previously　③to　④previous to　⑤the previous days
6．①as　②employment　③employees　④unemployed　⑤to watch　⑥has been employed in
7．①on/upon　②on/upon　③have an impact on/upon或impact on/upon　④has a bad impact on/upon ones' health
8．①aimlessly　②aiming　③to promote　④at　⑤of
⑥aimed　　⑦aims to　⑧Aimed at
9．①into　②on　③in　④Absorbed　⑤was so absorbed/buried/lost/occupied in　Absorbed/Buried/Lost/Occupied in　⑥concentrate/focus on
第二版块|单元语法
[即学即练1]
1．closed　2.excited　exciting　3.frightening　frightened
[即学即练2]
1．facing　2.Ordered　3.Raised　4.written　5.Asked　6.compared　7.Not knowing　8.asked　9.Offered
[即学即练3]
1．connected　2.stuck　3.seated　4.relaxing　5.exciting　6.frightening
7．bored　boring　8.satisfying
[即学即练4]
1．He seemed quite delighted at the news.
2．The door remained locked.
3．He was pleased with their warm welcome.
4．The artist is inspired by the beauty of nature.
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Caught　2.Grown　3.Surrounded　4.Buried　5.Reading　
6．moved　7.delighted　8.inspired　inspiring　9.satisfied　10.bored　11.Guided　12.defeated　13.Worried　lost　14.Praised　15.examined
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．When completed　2.Given time　3.tired of the boring speech
4．Unless invited to speak
Ⅲ.短文语法填空
1．themselves　2.simply　3.lifting　4.there　5.to　6.better　7.an
8．that　9.shared　10.works
18Section Ⅴ　Writing——如何写演讲稿
演讲稿不是普通的英语文章，它是进行演讲的依据，是对演讲内容和形式的规范和提示，它体现着演讲的目的和手段。它可以用来交流思想、感情，表达主张、见解；也可以用来介绍自己的学习、工作情况和经验等。演讲稿具有宣传、鼓励、教育等作用，它可以把演讲者的观点、主张与思想感情传达给听众以及读者，使他们信服并在思想感情上产生共鸣。
演讲稿一般分为以下三部分：
1．首段：打招呼，说明演讲的主题。一篇好的演讲稿能够在一开始就清楚地让听众明白演讲的主题并能够吸引听众。可以引用名人名言，或向观众提出问题，也可以采用开门见山的方式等。
2．主体段：要用各种方法和材料说明、支持你的论点，表达你的思想，感染听众；也可以设立问句并结合自身经历支持演讲话题。写作时可根据需要有效、正确地使用英语写作方法和技巧，例如恰当地运用明喻、暗喻或夸张等各种修辞手段，用词要准确，避免使用生僻、模棱两可的语言。
3．尾段：总结概括，提出期望，表示感谢。要强调论点、得出结论或表达感情，结束演讲。可以重复开头，也可用号召行动结尾或用反问结尾。
[常用表达]
1．Good morning everybody! It's my honor to speak here.
2．I am honored to be here on such a special occasion.
3．Today I want to talk to you about a very important subject.
4．It's my honor to stand here to make a speech with the title of “Dreams Lighten My life”．
5．I am very glad to share my topic with you. Then today I'd like to talk something about...
6．OK, thank you for listening. That's all.
[书面表达]
假设你是新华中学的李华，将参加主题为“Let's Ride Bicycles”的英语演讲比赛。请你就此主题写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1．汽车带来的空气污染和交通拥堵等问题；
2．骑自行车的益处，如节能环保、有利健康等。
参考词汇：environmentally friendly环保的
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Good morning, everyone.__________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
That's all. Thank you!
[教你审题]
本题要求写的演讲稿的目的是呼吁绿色出行，保护环境。审题时需注意以下几点：
1．主体人称：第一人称
2．主体时态：一般现在时
3．从篇章结构上看，文章可分为三部分：
(1)第一段进行简单的自我介绍并说明演讲的主题；
(2)第二段介绍目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞等问题；
(3)第三段介绍骑自行车的好处并呼吁大家参与进来。
[范文展示]
Good morning, everyone. I'm Li Hua, from Xinhua Middle School. It is my honor to make a speech here.【1】 The topic of my speech is “Let's Ride Bicycles”．
As is known to all, with the improvement of people's living standards, cars have become a popular means of transport, bringing great convenience to our life【2】. However, they have also caused some problems, such as air pollution and traffic jams. How can we solve the problems
As far as I'm concerned, riding bicycles is a good solution. For one thing, bicycles don't need any petrol and they are energy-saving. For another, bicycles are environmentally friendly because they don't give off waste gas. What's more, riding bicycles is a good way for us to exercise and it is beneficial to our health. Therefore, let's take the responsibility to build a low-carbon city by riding e on and join us！【3】
That's all. Thank you！
[名师指津]
该篇演讲稿结构清晰、完整，语言铿锵有力，符合演讲稿的一般特征。作者运用了一些高级和多样的句式结构，显示了作者的语言水平。整体而言此篇演讲稿不失为一篇佳作。
【1】此处为“It's one's honor to do sth.”句型，意为“某人很荣幸做某事”。
【2】此处为v.-ing短语作结果状语。
【3】此处用祈使句呼吁大家参与进来，具有感染力。
[写作训练]
假定你是李华，针对学生近视人数不断攀升的状况，你校决定举办以“Let's Protect Our Eyes”为主题的英语演讲比赛，你有意报名参加。请根据下面的提示，写一篇80词左右的演讲稿，并发表自己的看法。内容包括：
1．学生近视的现状；
2．造成近视的原因；
3．呼吁大家保护眼睛。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Section Ⅴ　Writing
One possible version：
Let's Protect Our Eyes
Good morning everybody! I am Li Hua. The number of students in our school who are short sighted has been on the increase in the last few years. Here I am appealing to everyone to protect our eyes.
There are some reasons why more and more students are short sighted. First of all, we spend most of our time on our lessons. So our eyes are too tired every day. Besides, we seldom stop to do something to relax our eyes. It is time for us to take effective measures to protect our eyes. It is a good idea to look up from our books every forty minutes to have a rest. And it is wise not to read in the dim light. More importantly, we should do eye exercises regularly.
Let's take action now! Thank you!
4Section Ⅳ　Listening and Talking, Reading for Writing & Assessing Your Progress
[课文内容]
Good morning! My name is Sarah Williams. It's an honour to be here and to share with you the story of how music has had an impact on my life.【1】
【1】该句中It作形式主语，真正的主语为and连接的两个动词不定式短语to be here和to share with you the story...my life；在第二个不定式短语中包含一个由how引导的宾语从句，作介词of的宾语。
[A] Have you ever faced a time when things looked dark① and you had no hope at all？【2】 Two years ago, I was told I had a serious disease② which was difficult to cure. My body ached③ all the time and thus I thought I didn't have much longer to live. I was very afraid and I felt so alone and discouraged④. Then one day, I had to go through a two-hour medical treatment⑤. The doctor wanted me to relax, so he had me listen to some music, and one of the songs was “Happy”. The song made me feel so much better that from then on⑥ I began to listen to music all the time.【3】 [B] John A. Logan said, “Music is the medicine of the mind.” And it's true. Music helped me recover.
【2】该句为复合句，其中含有一个由关系副词when引导的定语从句，先行词为a time；定语从句中包含由并列连词and连接的两个并列分句。
【3】该句中包含“so...that...”结构，表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。
[C] Music gave me happiness. When I listened to music, [D] it made my spirits fly like a kite in the wind. [C] Music gave me strength and brought me relief. [E] It was the rock I leant⑦ on to become strong and to get through⑧ those hard times【4】. Moreover⑨， [C] music gave me hope and a sense of satisfaction⑩. [F] It became my best friend. It spoke words of encouragement to the deepest part of my being .
【4】I leant on...hard times为省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，先行词rock在句中作on的宾语，动词不定式短语to become strong and to get through those hard times作目的状语。
Of course, I hope none of you have to go through the same kind of suffering that I did.【5】 At the same time ， we all go through various periods when we feel sad or alone. During those times, music can help you in the same way that it helped me. I hope all of you will somehow begin to treasure music and make it a part of your life.
Thank you!
【5】该句中I hope后面为省略了引导词that的宾语从句；在宾语从句中又包含一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句，从句中的did替代了went through。
[词语积累]
①dark adj.[熟词生义]　忧郁的，不快的，无望的
②disease/d 'zi z/n.(疾)病
[近义] illness指病、疾病、患病期
③ache /e k/vi.& n．疼痛
[思考]名词＋ ache构成的合成名词有哪些？
它们分别是什么意思？
④discouraged/d s'k r d d/adj.泄气的，灰心的
discouraging adj.令人泄气的
discourage vt.使泄气
encourage v．鼓励
courage n．勇气
[思考]前缀dis-构成的词，你能想到哪些？
⑤treatment/'tri tm nt/n.治疗；对待；处理
treatment for...治疗……
⑥from then on从那时起，常用于一般过去时。
from now on从现在起
from today on从今天起
⑦lean/li n/vi.(leant/leaned, leant/leaned)倚靠；倾斜
lean against/on...倚靠在某物上
⑧get through度过(困难时期)；(设法)处理，完成
⑨moreover/m r' v (r)/adv.而且；此外
furthermore adv.此外，而且，再者
besides adv.况且，再说
what's more另外；更重要的是
⑩satisfaction/ s t s'f k n/n.满足；满意；欣慰
being/'bi /n. [熟词生义]　身心，思想感情
suffering/'s f r /n.[U](身体或精神上的)痛苦，折磨；[C]痛苦，苦恼(常用复数)
at the same time同时；然而
various/'ve ri s/adj.各种不同的；各种各样的
treasure　[熟词生义]　vt.珍视；珍爱；珍重
人物小传
John A. Logan(约翰·洛根)1961年生于美国伊利诺伊州的芝加哥，美国影视编剧、制作人。洛根于1983年毕业于芝加哥西北大学并开始他的戏剧创作生涯。他在芝加哥完成了一系列著名的戏剧与影视作品。他的第一部戏剧作品为《永无罪人》(1985)；影视作品方面，他曾凭《角斗士》《飞行家》两获奥斯卡最佳原创剧本提名，凭《雨果》获奥斯卡最佳改编剧本提名。此外，他因《红色》获2010年托尼奖最佳戏剧奖。他其他著名的作品包括《007：大破天幕杀机》《最后的武士》《理发师陶德》《低俗怪谈》等。
[课文释译]
早上好，我叫萨拉·威廉姆斯。很荣幸来到这里，与大家分享音乐如何对我的生活产生影响。
你是否曾经面临过这样的时刻：一切看起来都很黯淡，而你却毫无希望？两年前，我被告知患有一种很难治愈的严重疾病。因为身体一直在疼，所以我想我活不了多久了。我很害怕，感到非常孤独和沮丧。后来有一天，我必须接受两个小时的医学治疗。医生想让我放松，所以他让我听了一些音乐，其中一首歌是《快乐》。这首歌让我感觉好多了，从那时起我开始一直听音乐。约翰·洛根说过：“音乐是医治心灵的良药。”真的是这样。音乐帮助我恢复健康。
音乐给了我快乐。听音乐时，它使我的精神像风筝一样在风中飞翔。音乐给了我力量，给了我安慰。它是一块岩石，靠着它，我变得坚强，挨过那些艰难的日子。还有，音乐给了我希望和满足感。它成了我最好的朋友。它向我内心深处传递了鼓励的话语。
当然，我希望你们中没有任何人遭受和我一样的痛苦。同时，我们都会经历不同的感到悲伤或孤独的时期。在那些时光里，音乐可以像帮助我一样帮助你。我希望你们所有人都能开始珍惜音乐，让它成为你们生活的一部分。
谢谢！
Ⅰ.文本整体理解：快速浏览文章
Grasp the main idea of each paragraph.
Paragraph 1：____________________
Paragraph 2：____________________
Paragraph 3：____________________
Paragraph 4：____________________
Paragraph 5：____________________
Ⅱ.文本细节理解：关注特色表达
A．拟人　　　　B．引述　　　　C．明喻　　　　D．暗喻
1．It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times.(　　)
2．John A. Logan said, “Music is the medicine of the mind.”(　　)
3．It (Music) became my best friend. It spoke words of encouragement to the deepest part of my being.(　　)
4．When I listened to music, it made my spirits fly like a kite in the wind.(　　)
Ⅲ.文本梳理
Outline of the text
Introduction: The speaker Sara and the topic 1.________.
Sara's personal experience: Listening to music made her feel 2.________ and she began to listen to music all the time.
Relating her own experience to the audience: When we feel sad or alone, music can help us to 3.____________ those times.
Ⅳ.阅读理解(根据课文内容选择正确答案)
1．What was Sarah's problem
A．She felt upset from time to time.
B．She didn't get along well with her friend.
C．She had a serious disease which was hard to cure.
D．She felt happy.
2．According to Sarah, music gives her the following except ________.
A．happiness　　B．strength　　C．hope　　D．sorrow
3．What's Sarah's advice to others
A．Value music. B．Don't lose heart.
C．Turn to others for help. D．Create the music.
第一版块|核心单词
1．equipment n．[U]设备；装备　equip vt.装备，配备；使能够胜任
不可数名词，可以借助量词piece来表达数量概念
(教材P55)People to set up equipment 安装设备的人
a piece of equipment 一件设备
camping equipment 露营装备
office equipment 办公设备
computer equipment 计算机设备
a shop selling camping equipment 一家出售露营装备的商店
a very useful piece of equipment 一件非常有用的设备
A lot of money was spent on the equipment of the new hospital. 新医院的设备花费巨大。
The rooms are equipped with cameras. 房间里都装有摄像头。
The course is designed to equip students for a career as architects.
该课程旨在使学生具备从事建筑师职业的能力。
The boss has equipped our workplace with a computer. We are very happy to have such equipment. To equip us with enough skills, we often use the new equipment to find some information.
老板给我们的工作场所配备了一台电脑。我们很高兴有这样的设备。为了使我们具备足够的技能，我们经常使用新设备来查找一些信息。
学法点拨：
equipment是不可数名词，没有复数形式，表达“一件设备”要用a piece of equipment。常考的不可数名词还有information, news, advice, luggage, furniture, word(消息)等 。
词语积累：
medical equipment 医疗设备
necessary equipment 必要的设备
equip...with... 用……装备……
be equipped with 配备有……
equip sb. for sth. 使某人能胜任某事
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空
①He spent a lot of money ____________________________ (给每个员工配备最新的设备)．
②He looked at Lily and felt that she ____________________________ (不能胜任这项任务)．
③The lecture hall ________(配备)advanced cameras.
④Modern ________ (equip) and no smoking are two of the things I like about working here.
⑤The explorers were told to equip themselves ________ everything they would need for the voyage.
⑥The more we learn, the more ________ (equip) we are for our future.
⑦His evening study has equipped him ________ a career as a teacher.
2.talent n．天才；天资；天赋　talented adj.有天赋的；有才华的
(教材P55)What can those who think they do not have musical talent do
那些认为自己没有音乐天赋的人能做什么呢？
have a talent for 在……方面有天赋；有……天赋
show a talent for 展现出……方面的天赋，显示出……天赋
show talent in 在……展现天分
He has a talent for writing and is eager to be an author.他有写作的天赋，渴望成为一名作家。
She showed a talent for designing at an early age.她在很小的时候就展现出了设计方面的天赋。
He is considered to be the most excellent talent in our neighborhood.
他被认为是我们街区里最有才华的人。
归纳拓展：
a man of many talents 多才多艺的男子
a wealth of talent 人才济济
a talented actor/artist 有天赋的演员/艺术家
be talented in/at 在……方面有天赋
gift n．天赋，天才，才能
gifted adj.有天赋的，有才华的
be gifted with...具有……
be gifted in/at 在……方面有才能/天赋
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①My sister had a talent ________ painting at an early age.
＝My sister was talented ________ painting at an early age.
②I remember you were a ________(talent) pianist at college.
③我们如果不去尝试，永远不会知道我们是否对一门学科感兴趣或有天赋。
We will never know if we are interested or talented ________ a subject if we don't try it.
④布莱恩在音乐创作方面有天赋；他非常有可能成为像贝多芬那样的人。
Brian is gifted ________ writing music；he is very likely to be a Beethoven.
⑤Your daughter ______________________(在……方面有天赋) dancing. If she works hard, she will be famous as a dancer one day.
⑥In fact he never ____________________(在……展现天分) any direction whatever.
3.assume vt.以为；假设　assumption n．假设　
(教材P55)So can I assume that the aim of the festival is to raise money
所以我能认为这个节日的目的是筹集资金吗？
assume vt. 以为；假设
assume the worst 往最坏处想
assume...to be/as... 假定……是……，认定……是……
assume(that)．.. 假定……，认定……
It is assumed that... 据推测……
Let us/Let's assume (that)．.. 我们假设……
It is reasonable to assume (that)．.. 认为……是有道理的。
It is generally/usually assumed that... 普遍/通常认为……
I had assumed him to be a performer.我本以为他是位演员。
It is reasonable to assume (that) the economy will continue to improve.
认为经济将继续好转是有道理的。
It is assumed that she will be back at seven.据推测她将七点钟回家。
Even assuming (that) smokers do see the health warnings, I doubt they'll take any notice.
即便假定抽烟者看到了(烟盒上的)健康警示，我觉得他们也会视而不见。
误区警示：
assuming(that)．..假定……
assuming可以用作连词，表示“假设……为真，假如”，引导从句，此用法同supposing, providing, provided, given that。
词语积累：
assuming conj.假定，假设
assumption n．假定，假设
make an assumption作出假设，认为
be based on an assumption以假设为基础
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①It may ________ (assume) that there is no animal life on Mars.
②________ (assume) that we can't get the necessary equipment, we will have to give up the experiment.
③We all made the ________ (assume) that the company would close due to his wrong decision.
④Many people ________ (认为) that poverty only exists in the Third World.
⑤________ (假如) the proposal is accepted, when are we going to get the money
⑥普遍认为，压力是工作过多所致。
________________________________ stress is caused by too much work.
⑦Farmers will have a good harvest, ________________________(假定天气有利)．
4．treatment n．治疗；对待；处理　treat vt.治疗，医治；处理
(教材P56)Then one day, I had to go through a two-hour medical treatment.
后来有一天，我需要去做两个小时的治疗。
a treatment for... ……的治疗
give sb. treatment 为某人治疗
get/have/receive treatment 接受治疗
need/require treatment 需要治疗
hospital/medical treatment 入院/药物治疗
He's receiving a treatment for cancer.他正在接受癌症治疗。
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from blindness for lack of proper treatment.后来，他在非洲工作，那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。
They were well treated by the local people.他们受到当地人的善待。
Eat to your heart's content. It's my treat.大家尽情地吃。我请客。
词语积累：
treat sb. for sth. 治疗某人的……
treat...with...用……治疗……
treat sb. well/badly 对待某人好/不好
treat sb. as...像……那样对待某人
treat sb./oneself to...用……招待某人/犒劳自己
It's my treat. 我请客。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①He was deeply impressed by the careful ________ (treat) of the doctors.
②Men and women must ________ (treat) equally in education and employment.
③He treated them ________ a good dinner on New Year's Day.
④They treated me ________ their own child.
⑤He __________________(用……犒劳他自己)a glass of beer in a nearby pub.
⑥Our teachers are kind to us and ____________________(像对待他们的朋友那样对待我们)．
⑦该医院最近获得了新的医疗设备，从而使更多的病人能够得到治疗。
The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing more patients ____________________________ .
5．lean vt. (leant/leaned, leant/leaned)依靠；倾斜
(教材P56)It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times.
它是我依靠的岩石，使我变得坚强，度过那些艰难的日子。
They always lean on us when they're in trouble.他们有麻烦时总是依赖我们。
The young politician is beginning to lean to the opinions of the workers.
那位年轻的政治家逐渐开始倾向于工人的意见。
Lean against my arm. I will support you.靠在我胳膊上，我会扶住你。
常见搭配：
lean on依靠，依赖(……的帮助和支持)(＝depend on)；对……施加压力
lean to/towards/toward倾向，偏向(尤指某意见或利益)
lean against/on sth. 倚靠……；靠在……
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空
①He ________ heavily ________(依赖)his family.
②The UK ________(倾向) the US proposal.
③He has been leaning ________ the TV company not to broadcast the show.
④A huge mirror was leaning ________ the wall.
⑤The old temple leans ________ the right at a dangerous angle.
6.satisfaction n．满足；满意；欣慰；令人满意的事物
(教材P56)Moreover, music gave me hope and a sense of satisfaction.
不仅如此，音乐还给予我希望和满足感。
satisfy vt. 使满意
satisfied adj. 满意的
satisfying adj. 令人满意的
get/gain satisfaction from sth. 从某事中得到满足感
find satisfaction in sth. 在某事中找到满足感
take satisfaction in/from sth. 从某事中获得满足
with satisfaction 满足地
express satisfaction 表示满意
a look/smile of satisfaction心满意足的表情/笑容
a sense/feeling of satisfaction满足感
great/deep satisfaction极大的/深深的满足
customer/patient/voter satisfaction 顾客/病人/选民的满意度
personal satisfaction 个人的满足感
job satisfaction工作满意度
She is satisfied with the particular style of the dress.
她对这件连衣裙的独特款式感到满意。
[词语积累]
归纳拓展：
satisfy one's needs/demands 满足某人的需要/要求
be satisfied to do...乐意做……＝be pleased to do...
be satisfied with 对……感到满意＝be pleased with...
to one's satisfaction＝to the satisfaction of sb.使某人满意
a satisfaction to sb. 对某人来说是一件满意的事
提醒：
satisfactory adj.令人满意的
可与satisfying互换。
如：After a long search, we found a satisfactory (＝satisfying) hotel.经过长时间的寻找，我们找到了一家令人满意的宾馆。
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空
①__________________(令她满意的是), her dream has come true.
②Working at the charity gives her ____________________(一种满足感)．
③When I didn't ________________(从……中得到满足感)the local people I wrote to the head office.
④While visiting the gallery, the professor kept nodding his head to express his ________ (satisfy) with his students' work.
⑤When she finished her meal, she gave a ________ (satisfy) smile.
⑥Working with them was our most ________ (satisfy) activity.
⑦I noticed ________ great satisfaction that you made great progress.
7.various adj. 各种不同的；各种各样的　vary vt. & vi. 使不同，变化　variety n. 变化，多样性，种类
(教材P56)At the same time, we all go through various periods when we feel sad or alone.
同时，我们都会经历悲伤或孤独的时光。
The products we sell are various. 我们出售的产品是各式各样的。
(1)vary vi. & vt. 变化；使相异
vary in 在……方面不同
vary with sth. 随……而变化
vary between...and... 从……到……不等
vary from...to... 从……到……变化
vary from person to person 因人而异
(2)variety n. 种类，品种；多样性
a variety of＝varieties of＝various 种类繁多的
The colors of the lights vary with music. 灯光的颜色随着音乐而变化。
This pile of apples vary in size. 这堆苹果大小不一。
常见搭配：
for various reasons
由于种种原因
in various sizes 大小不一
近义词：
all kinds/sorts/types of各种各样的
即学即练　单句语法填空/一句多译
①The activity attracted ________ (vary) people.
②The cafe offers a wide ________ (vary) of sandwiches in order to attract customers.
③The prices of some goods vary ________ the season.
④The prices of the goods vary ________ one yuan to one thousand yuan.
这个学校为学生提供各种各样的课程。
⑤Students are offered ________/________________________/________________ courses in this school.
8.reaction n．反应；回应　react v. 回应；发生化学反应
(教材P58)Encouraged by this first performance and the positive reaction of the audience, I have continued to play the piano...在第一次演出和观众的积极反应的鼓舞下，我继续弹钢琴……
react vi. 回应；抗拒；发生反应
react to 对……起反应；对……作出回应
react on/upon 对……起作用，对……有影响，对……起反应
react with 与……起化学反应
react slowly＝be slow to react 反应迟钝
how to react to the suggestion 对这个建议如何反应
react on the price of food 影响食物价格
pay attention to their reaction to the event 注意他们对这个事件的反应
Their reaction to the event is shock. 他们对此事的反应极为震惊。
Children have reacted happily to the news that they will get gifts free of charge on Children's Day.
孩子们对儿童节会收到免费礼物的消息感到高兴。
His words react upon the audience. 他的话对听众有影响。
Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust.铁和水及空气发生反应产生铁锈。
He reacted against his father's influence by becoming a composer.
他不受父亲的影响，成了一名作曲家。
学法点拨：in reaction to与react to中的to均为介词，后接名词或动名词作宾语。
常见搭配：
in reaction to
作为对……的反应
a reaction to
对……的反应
a chain reaction
连锁反应
nuclear chain reaction
核链式反应
plants' reaction to weather
植物对天气的反应
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①What was your mother's reaction ________ the news that you had been admitted into Peking University
②Hearing how others react ________ the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.
③Children sometimes react ________ the things their parents think right.
④If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my immediate ________ (react) will be to tell the police.
⑤—I want to know how you ________ (对……反应) my opinion.
—On the whole, it's very excellent, but I ________(反对) your statement on the product.
9．disease n．(疾)病
(教材P56)．..I was told I had a serious disease which was difficult to cure.
……我被告知我得了一种难以治愈的病。
heart disease 心脏病
reduce the risk of heart disease 减少得心脏病的风险
a deadly/rare disease 致命的/罕见的疾病
a disease that attacks the brain 侵袭大脑的疾病
a universal disease 全球性疾病
sleep-related diseases 睡眠相关的疾病
struggle against disease 同疾病作斗争
cure sb. of disease 治愈某人的疾病
He retired from active work after a long period of illness. 他在长期患病后退休。
The organization will carry on a struggle against disease.
该组织将继续开展对抗疾病的斗争。
Physical exercise can protect you against heart disease.体育锻炼可以预防心脏病。
To our sadness, John's wife got a serious disease and ended in death.
令我们悲伤的是，约翰的妻子患了重病，并最终去世。
As we all know, there is a strong connection between smoking and heart disease.
众所周知，吸烟和心脏病之间有着密切的联系。
同义词辨析：illness和sickness常可通用，很少指具体疾病，通常只表示抽象的疾病或生病状态。例如：他患了一种怪病。
He is suffering from a curious disease (√)
He is suffering from a curious illness/sickness (×)
知识拓展：
disease 指具体的“疾病”如：chronic disease(慢性病)，acute disease(急性病)，contagious diseases(传染病)，heart disease(心脏病)等。
即学即练　单句语法填空(用disease, illness或sickness填写句子)
①A new cure has been found for that ________.
②The efficient quarantine system prevented the ________ from spreading.
③Workers in many countries are constantly threatened by ________ and unemployment.
④The teacher often suffer from heart ________ and I think he will retire from school for ____________________ soon.
10.ache vi. & n. 疼痛　hurt n. 创伤；伤害
(教材P56)My body ached all the time and...我的身体总是疼……
ache for 渴望
ache to do sth. 渴望做某事
the ache of his loneliness 他的孤寂之苦
[易混辨析]　pain与ache比较
ache通常指一种较持久的疼痛，或因一些小病或失调引起的感觉，常常是局部的。如headache 头痛；toothache牙痛。
[注意]　ache可和身体的部分部位组成合成名词，而其他词不行。
pain指人身体感到不舒服或由于严重受伤或疾病引起的疼痛，有时指局部疼痛影响全身，比ache严重。如：a pain in the neck脖子酸痛，chest pains 胸部痛。
知识拓展：
a headache头疼
a toothache牙疼
a stomachache胃痛
在日常英语中，人们一般说have a headache，have (a) backache, have (a) stomachache或者have (a) toothache, 而不说head/back/ ...aches
即学即练　单句语法填空
①Great ________ (pain) have been taken to make the information as accurate as possible.
②Apart from the usual ________ (ache) and pains, she felt all right.
③His feet were ________ (ache) from standing so long.
④I am aching ________ some sleep.
⑤He ached ________ (reach) out and hold her close.
第二版块|重要短语
1．set sth. up安装好(设备或机器)；建起，设立；创建，开办
(教材P55)people to set up equipment 安装设备的人
set about doing sth. 开始/着手做某事
set out to do sth. 开始/着手做某事
set aside 把……放到一旁；留出(钱或时间)
set off 动身，出发；使爆炸
set out(for) 出发(去)，动身(去)
set down 记下，写下；放下；制定，规定
set fire to 点燃…… set sb. free释放某人
set a date 确定日期 set an example 树立榜样
Many new devices have been set up to help improve the production.
已经安装了许多新设备来帮助改进生产。
A monument was set up as a memorial to the dead soldiers. 为阵亡的士兵立了一个纪念碑。
The fisherman was set free. He set down his suitcase, set up a tent and set fire to some wood to get warm. After he had set a date for going home, he set about preparing to set out next week.
渔夫被释放了。他放下行李箱，搭了个帐篷，烧了一些木头取暖。在确定了回家的日期之后，他开始准备下周出发。
常见搭配：
set up one's business成立公司
set up the equipment 安装设备
set up a company 创立公司
set up an online campaign 在网上发起一项活动
set up roadblocks 设置路障
set up a tent 搭建帐篷
联想与链接：
“v. ＋up”型短语：
put up 建造；张贴；提供住宿
build up 逐步增加；使发展
make up 构成；编造；化妆
pick up 捡起；学会；搭载
bring up 抚养，养育
tum up 出现；调高
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空
①Besides, our school ________ (成立)a volleyball team and a basketball team.
②The weather was very cold and they had to ________ (点燃)some wood to warm themselves.
③Alice is a very nice girl and ready to help others. She has ________(树立榜样)to us and we should learn from her.
④He decided to set ________ a school for the poor children from the mountain villages.
⑤If we had set ________ her address, we wouldn't have had difficulty finding her house.
⑥We need to set ________ finding a way to deal with the problem.
⑦The next morning he hired a boat and set out ________ (find) the well-known painter.
⑧She sets ________ a bit of money every month for the future use.
⑨We were warned to set ________ early to avoid the heavy traffic.
2．try out 参加……选拔(或试演)；试用；测试；试验
(教材P55)Who can try out as a performer？谁能试着成为一名演员？
These teams are going to try out for the Olympic Games.
这些队伍要参加奥林匹克运动会的选拔赛。
They're trying out a new host for the show. 他们正在为这个节目试用一位新主持人。
The composer will try out the new technique of composing.这个作曲家将尝试新的作曲技术。
We hope to have the opportunity to try the new idea out.
我们希望有机会试验一下这个新想法。
Try on the shoes to see if they fit. 试试那双鞋子看合不合适。
He was then trying for a new job. 当时他正在谋求一份新工作。
归纳拓展：
try on 试穿，试戴
try for 谋求，争取
try to do sth. 尽力做某事
try doing sth. 尝试做某事
try one's best (to do sth.)竭尽所能(做某事)
have a try 试一试
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Every means has been tried ________ but none of them is effective.
②Why not try ________ (do) the experiment in another way
③What a beautiful dress! Why don't you try it ________ for size
④The aim of the project is to encourage students to ________ (尝试) new ideas on the Internet.
⑤Now that you have nothing to lose, why don't you ________ (参加选拔) the music competition
⑥He thought of ________ (谋求) a position in a research institute.
3.in addition (to sb./sth.)除……以外(还)
(教材P55)How else could you help in addition to what has already been mentioned
除了已经提到的，你还能提供什么帮助呢？
In addition to swimming, she likes playing the guitar.除了游泳，她还喜欢弹吉他。
In addition to being a famous conductor, he is a sportswear designer.
除了是一名著名的指挥家外，他还是一位运动服装设计师。
In addition，you should keep track of the information in his blog post.
另外，你应该留意他博客里的信息。
There is, in addition, one further point to make.此外，还有一点要说。
误区警示：
①in addition可用于句首、句中或句末，用于句首或句中时，通常用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。
②in addition与in addition to
in addition“除此之外，另外”，是副词短语，单独作状语。
in addition to“除……之外(还)”，是短语介词，后面要接名词、代词或动名词，相当于介词besides和短语介词as well as，apart from。
即学即练　完成句子/辨析填空：in addition/in addition to
①The products are of high quality. ________ (另外)，the price is low.
②________________(除了游泳)，she likes playing the guitar.
③The house is too far from our school; ________________，it is too old.
④______________ the school, the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support.
4.get through (1)(设法)处理；完成；通过(测试等)；渡过(难关)　(2)设法联系上(尤指打通电话)　(3)(使)正式通过，获得采纳　(4)消耗掉；用完，耗尽
(教材P56)It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times.
是我所依靠的那块岩石使我变得坚强并度过了那些艰难的时光/期。
get across 被理解
get around 传播；流传
get over 克服；控制
get along with 相处；进展
He tried to get through this amount of work in time.他设法按时完成了这么多工作。
Thankfully, I managed to get through the hard times, and the pain was struck into my heart.
幸好，我熬过了那些困难时期，那伤痛是刻骨铭心的。
I'm afraid the phone must be out of order and I can't get through. 恐怕电话出毛病了，我打不通。
The candidates didn't all get through.报考者没有全部通过。
He has got through all the money I lent him.我借给他的钱他已经花光了。
归纳拓展：
get in 进入；收割
get on 进展，相处；上车
get away with带着……潜逃；做(坏事)而未受惩罚
get down to (doing) sth. 开始(做)/认真对待某事
即学即练　单句语法填空/写出句中get through的含义
①Anyway, we're here now, so let's get down first ________ some tough tasks.
②Although the two boys are different in character, they get along well ________ each other.
③I've been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network; I can't seem to get ________.
④I can't keep you company right now, because I haven't got through my composition yet.________
⑤I called you last night, but I couldn't get through.________
⑥They got the bill through Congress.________
⑦We got through a fortune while we were in New York.________
5.from then on 从那时起
(教材P56)．..from then on I began to listen to music all the time.
……从此之后，我开始一直听音乐。
from now on 从现在起(用于将来时)
from today on 从今天起(用于将来时)
from tomorrow on 从明天起(用于将来时)
from that day on 从那天起(用于过去时或完成时)
from that moment on 从那一刻起(用于过去时/完成时)
From then on, they became good friends. 从那以后，他们成了好朋友。
From then on, I started to play football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.
从那时起，我开始在放学后和同学踢足球。我现在踢得不错。
From now on, you will not let anyone stop you from change. Right
从现在开始，你将不再让任何人阻止你改变。对吗？
误区警示：
from then on 可用于过去时或现在完成时。
since then on 只用于现在完成时。
语境助记：
From then on, mother and daughter have depended on each other for survival.
从那时起，母女俩相依为命。
即学即练　完成句子
①____________(从那以后)，they studied English every day.
②__________________(从那一刻起)，basketball has connected me with this great city.
③______________(此刻)，I do not know what to say.
6．put up 张贴
(教材P57)Put up your speech in the classroom or deliver it to your class.
把你的讲话稿贴在教室里或发送给你的同班同学们。
put up 举起；留宿；竖起，建造；张贴；提高(价格)
Put your hands up. 举起你的手。
put up at a hotel for the night 在酒店过夜
put sb. up 留宿某人
put up some posters 贴几张海报
put up the rent 提高租金
...posters were put up around our school, calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth. ……海报张贴在我们学校四处，呼吁我们加入绿色地球的行动中。
...by January those same toys can be found put away in the basement.
……到明年一月，那些同样的玩具可能会在地下室找到。
词汇联想：
put away 放好；储存
put aside 把……放在一边
put back 放回原处
put down 放下；写下；平定
put off 拖延；推迟
put on 穿上；上演
put forward 提出
put out 扑灭
put up with 忍受，容忍
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空
①去年他们盖了许多高楼。
They ________________ many buildings last year.
②安娜刚发邮件说经理会议推迟到下周一。
Anna just emailed to say that the managers' meeting is put ________ till next Monday.
③You'd better ________ your worries ________ and enjoy your time at the beach.
④The meeting has been put ________ to 9 a．m. from 10 a．m.
⑤She put the magazine ________ and started to listen to the teacher.
7.turn out 结果是，结果证明
(教材P58)As it turned out, there was no need to be nervous...
结果证明，没必要紧张……
turn up 露面，到达；调高(音量等)
turn down 调小；拒绝
turn on 打开
turn off 关掉
After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, which turned out to be a wise decision. 大学毕业后，我抽出了一些时间去旅行，结果证明这是一个明智的决定。
It turned out that she was the physical education teacher of my sister.
她原来是我妹妹的体育老师。
The weather forecast had predicted rain all day but it turned out (to be) a lovely day.
天气预报预测全天下雨，但结果天气非常好。
常见搭配：
turn out＋
联想拓展：
turn to 向……求助
turn over 使翻转；移交
turn around 转身
turn in 交还
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空
①不要担心。我肯定你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现的。
Don't worry.I'm sure your missing glasses will ________________ sooner or later.
②I had thought the boy would perform badly, but it ________________(结果是) that he performed quite well.
③Don't forget to turn ________ the lights before you leave the office.
④I had worried much about his going there alone. Actually, he turned ________ quite good at doing things all by himself.
第三版块|典型句式
1．the way 后跟定语从句
(教材P56)．..music can help you in the same way that it helped me.
……音乐可以帮助你，就像它曾经帮助我一样。
[句式分析]　本句是主从复合句。that it helped me是定语从句，修饰the same way，从句用了关系词that，此处that还可以替换为in which 或省略不用。
She admired the way (in which/that) I answered the questions. 她钦佩我回答问题的方式。
The way that/which was used to solve the problem is really practical.
用来解决这个问题的方法是很实用的。
She doesn't like the way (that/which) her father told her.她不喜欢她父亲告诉她的方式。
在含有定语从句的复合句中，the way作先行词时有以下三种情况：
(1)关系词在从句中作状语，关系词用in which，that或省略；
(2)关系词在从句中作主语，关系词用that或which；
(3)关系词在从句中作宾语，关系词用that，which或省略。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①What surprised me was not what he said but the way ________ he said it.
②We admire him for the way ________ he faces difficulties.
③The Smiths are praised for ________(他们抚养孩子的方式)．
④I don't know __________________________(汤姆是怎样从这样的大火中幸存下来的)．
2．...a time when...一段……的时期
(教材P56)Have you ever faced a time when things looked dark and you had no hope at all
你是否曾经历过黯淡无光、万念俱灰的一段时光？
[句式分析]　句中的a time when...意为“一段……的时期”，when引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词a time。此外还有以下句式：This was a time when...这是一段……时期。
There was a time when...曾经有一段时期……
This was a time when the two countries were at war.这是两国交战的时期。
There was a time when I was getting along well with my classmates.
曾有一段时间我和同学们相处得很好。
知识拓展：
“It/This/That is the first/second...time (that)…”这/那是……第一/二……次……，从句中的谓语动词需用现在完成时。
It/This/That was the first/second...time (that)．..这/那是……第一/二……次……，从句中的谓语动词需用过去完成时。
这是我第一次游览长城。
It is the first time I have visited the Great Wall.
It was the first time I had visited the Great Wall.
即学即练　单句语法填空
①There was a time ________ I was crazy about outdoor activities.
②Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize in literature. It was the first time that a Chinese writer ________(win) such an important award.
③There was ________ time ________ some people's lives were devoted simply to the cultivation of the land or the care of cattle.
④________ was a time ________ most girls couldn't go to school.
⑤Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing other people, but there ________ times ________ some level of disturbance is unavoidable.
⑥It is the second time I ________(see) the famous player, but I still feel excited.
⑦Louis Braille lived in a time ________ the blind couldn't get much education.
3.so...that...如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句
(教材P56)The song made me feel so much better that from then on I began to listen to music all the time. 听着这首歌，我感觉好多了；从此之后，我开始一直听音乐。
[句式分析]　so＋＋that...
The kids have done so well that they deserve our praise.
孩子们做得那么好，他们值得我们的表扬。
I have had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over.
我跌了这么多跤，全身青一块紫一块的。
It is such a difficult problem that I find it hard to solve.问题很难，我发现很难解决它。
It was such fine weather that all children played outdoors.天气那么好，孩子们都在户外玩。
Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages.
引发愤怒的事件如此之多以至于描述它们都需要数百页纸。
We arrived early in the morning, so that we caught the first train.
我们早上到得很早，所以赶上了早班火车。(结果)
We moved to the country so that we could be away from the noisy and dull city.
我们搬到了乡下，以便能离开喧闹、单调的城市。(目的)
句式比较：
so＋adj. ＋a(n)＋可数名词单数
＝such＋a(n)＋adj. ＋可数名词单数
so good a teacher＝such a good teacher
so difficult a problem＝such a difficult problem
误区警示：
(1)so/such...that...结构中，so/such...置于句首时，主句用部分倒装，that...不倒装。
So well have the kids done that they deserve our praise.
Such a difficult problem is it that I find it hard to solve.
(2)so...that/so that
so...that只引导结果状语从句。
so that可引导结果状语从句或目的状语从句。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①On our way to the house, it was raining ________ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there.
②Besides, I have ________ a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.
③Who hasn't received an email so annoying ________ it ruined an entire day
④The building is ________ splendid that the people living there all think highly of it.
⑤乒乓球是一项非常有趣的运动，很多中国人打乒乓球。
Table tennis is so interesting a game that many people in China play it.
→Table tennis is ________________________________________ many people in China play it.
⑥他走得如此匆忙以至于忘了锁门。
He left in such a hurry that he forgot to lock the door.
→He left ________________ that he forgot to lock the door.
⑦进攻来得如此突然，敌人没有时间逃跑。
The attack was so sudden that the enemy had no time to escape.
→________________________________________________ the enemy had no time to escape.
4.动词不定式作目的状语
(教材P58)To be a good daughter, I agreed to learn even though I wasn't interested in it at all. 为了做一个好女儿，我同意学习，尽管我对学习它一点儿也不感兴趣。
[句式分析]　不定式短语to be a good daughter在句中作目的状语。意为：为了做一个好女儿。
I sent him some pictures for him to see what Paris is like.
我寄给他几张照片，让他看一看巴黎是什么样子。
Let's hurry so as not to be late for the movie.咱们快点儿吧，免得看电影迟到了。
知识拓展：
(1)逻辑主语：一般为句子的主语。逻辑主语与构成不定式的动词为主动关系时，不定式用主动式，否则用被动式。当逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，要用for引出不定式自身的逻辑主语。
(2)与谓语动作的关系：不定式动作是谓语动作的目的，所以不定式动作通常发生在谓语动作之后。
(3)in order to为了……，否定形式为in order not to，可放在句首或句中。
(4)so as to为了……，否定形式为so as not to，不能位于句首，只能放在句中。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①________ (get) the students back in order, I shared my own story of getting my knee stuck between the rails of a balcony.
②During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together ________ (share) a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.
③The provincial government and its partners offer many programs ________ (help) students find summer jobs.
④那么，我们跳舞是为了让自己感觉更好、更平静、更健康吗？
So do we dance ________________________ make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The band bought a lot of ________(设备) and set it up in their studio.
2．Somehow, whenever he goes down the stairs his knees ________ (疼痛) a bit.
3．At the end of his performance, the audience expressed ________ (满意)．
4．She is proud that both her children have a ________ (天赋) for hip-hop.
5．He proved himself (to be) a ________ (有能力的) businessman.
6．Her ________ (目标) is to release her own album as well as to perform on the international music stage.
7．Somehow she had a serious disease, which had a great ________ (影响) on her previous life.
8．The pianist is capable of playing various songs on the piano; he leads a ________ (浪漫的) life.
9．If you ________ (假定) that something is true, you imagine that it is not false. But sometimes you are wrong.
10．The patient got careful ________ (治疗) in the hospital. Finally she was cured of the disease.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．When ________ (question) by the police, the thief admitted the theft at last.
2．I was told I had a serious disease which was difficult ________(cure)．
3．It's an honour to be here and to share with you the story of how music has had an impact ________ my life.
4．Moreover, music gave me hope and a sense of ________ (satisfy)．
5．His musical works were so popular that he was thought ________ by many as the most important composer of his generation.
6．John, you can play the piano. How about ________ (play) it at the festival
7．They were pleased with his classical music and folk songs and finally invited him ________ (perform) in the silver hall.
8．When he got absorbed ________ his world of music, he felt as if he could see the beauty of the world around him.
9．These exercises let your heart rate increase and reduce ________ (gradual), but not suddenly.
10．The album was recorded in a new way, so it ________ (expect) to be popular with techno fans.
Ⅲ.短语填空
in relief， previous to， have a great impact on， aim at， set up， try out for， in addition， from then on， get through， with satisfaction
1．The band ____________ the musical equipment in their studio and began to practise their music.
2．Now that you have nothing to lose, why don't you ____________ the music competition
3．She was unemployed last year. ____________， she had a serious disease. Life was tough for her.
4．He got injured last month. ____________ he often had a headache and was not capable of thinking clearly.
5．The audience watched their performance ____________. It was very successful.
6．She had an unhappy family, which ____________ her previous life.
7．Thus she got treatment in the hospital. ____________ she was cured of the disease.
8．____________ the conference we had discussed the issue among ourselves in order to express our idea clearly.
9．I ____________ the target but hit the wall. It was just so embarrassing.
10．I can't keep you company right now, because I haven't ____________ my composition yet.
Ⅳ.短文语法填空
I love music. It's 1.________ important part of my life. When I was very young, I fell in love 2.________ music. Every time I listened to it, my body would move to the music and I would feel 3.________ (relax). Particularly, I preferred a song 4.________ (call) Let the Music Heal Your Soul. I think that a lot of young people have favorite songs and 5.________ (singer). When they see their idols face to face, they will say “thank you” to them, because their songs encourage these young people 6.________ (move) on in their dark days. The songs express positive messages to the public and encourage them not to give up.
Listening to music is a good way for me to relax. Sometimes before I go to bed, I listen to some light music, 7.________ helps me to relax and sleep much 8.________ (well). I think the reason why adults like to meet in KTV after work also 9.________ (lie) in relaxing. They need to sing at the tops of their voices and shout and forget about the boring things. Music 10.________ (enjoy) by all of us and it plays an important part in our lives.
Section Ⅳ　Listening and Talking, Reading for Writing & Assessing Your Progress
语篇细研·教材精读
Ⅰ.文本整体理解：快速浏览文章
1．Introduce herself and the topic of the speech.
2．Sara's personal experience.
3．How music helps her during her difficult time.
4．Sara's advice to others.
5．Close the speech.
Ⅱ.文本细节理解：关注特色表达
1．D　2.B　3.A　4.C
Ⅲ.文本梳理
1．the influence of music　2.encouraged　3.get through
Ⅳ.阅读理解
1．C　2.D　3.A
知识探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．①equipping every employee with the latest equipment　②was not equipped for this task　③is equipped with　④equipment　⑤with　⑥equipped　⑦for
2．①for　in/at　②talented　③in/at　④in/at　⑤has a talent/gift for　⑥showed talent in
3．①be assumed　②Assuming　③assumption 　④make the assumption　⑤Assuming that　⑥It is generally assumed that　
⑦assuming/supposing/provided that the weather is favorable
4．①treatment　②be treated　③to　④as　⑤treated himself to　
⑥treat us as their friends　⑦to be treated
5．①leans　on　②leant　③on　④on/against　⑤to/towards
6．①To her satisfaction　②a sense of satisfaction　③get any satisfaction from　④satisfaction　⑤satisfied　⑥satisfying　⑦with
7．①various　②variety　③with　④from　⑤various/a variety of/varieties of
8．①to　②to　③against　④reaction　⑤react to　react against
9．①disease　②disease　③sickness/illness　④disease　sickness/illness
10．①pains　②aches　③aching　④for　⑤to reach
第二版块|重要短语
1．①set up　②set fire to　③set an example　④up　⑤down　
⑥about　⑦to find　⑧aside　⑨off
2．①out　②doing　③on　④try out　⑤try out for　⑥trying for
3．①In addition　②In addition to swimming　③in addition　④In addition to
4．①to　②with　③through　④完成　⑤接通电话　⑥(使)正式通过　⑦消耗掉
5．①From then on　②From that moment on　③At this moment
6．①put up　②off　③put; away　④forward　⑤aside
7．①turn up　②turned out　③out　④out
第三版块|典型句式
1．①in which/that　②in which/that　③the way they bring up their children　④the way Tom survived such a big fire
2．①when　②had won　③a　when　④That　when　⑤are　when
⑥have seen　⑦when
3．①so　②such　③that　④so　⑤such an interesting game that　
⑥so hurriedly　⑦So sudden was the attack that
4．①To get　②to share　③to help　④in order to/so as to
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．equipment　2.ache　3.satisfaction　4.talent　5.capable　6.aim
7．impact　8.romantic　9.assume　10.treatment
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．questioned　2.to cure　3.on/upon　4.satisfaction　5.of　
6．playing　7.to perform　8.in　9.gradually　10.was expected
Ⅲ.短语填空
1．set up　2.try out for　3.In addition　4.From then on　5.with satisfaction　6.had a great impact on　7.In relief　8.Previous to　
9．aimed at　10.got through
Ⅳ.短文语法填空
【语篇解读】　主题：人与自我(生活)；话题：音乐。本文是一篇议论文。作者喜欢音乐，认为音乐在我们的日常生活中起着重要作用。
1．答案与解析：an　此处意为“音乐是我生命中重要的一部分”，泛指“一个部分”且important的读音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。
2．答案与解析：with'fall in love with“爱上”，是固定短语。
3．答案与解析：relaxed'此处表示人“感到放松的”，故用 ed形容词。
4．答案与解析：called'song与call之间是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。
5．答案与解析：singers'根据空格前的songs可知此处用名词的复数形式。
6．答案与解析：to move'encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事。
7．答案与解析：which'所填词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰light music，故用which。
8．答案与解析：better'much修饰形容词或副词的比较级。
9．答案与解析：lies'从句中the reason作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。根据上下文可知用一般现在时，故用lies。lie in意为“在于”。
10．答案与解析：is enjoyed'此处介绍一般情况，且music与enjoy之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。
32(共110张PPT)
Section Ⅳ　Listening and Talking, Reading for
Writing & Assessing Your Progress
课文预习·解疑清障
[课文内容]
Good morning! My name is Sarah Williams. It's an honour to be here and to share with you the story of how music has had an impact on my life.【1】
【1】该句中It作形式主语，真正的主语为and连接的两个动词不定式短语to be here和to share with you the story...my life；在第二个不定式短语中包含一个由how引导的宾语从句，作介词of的宾语。
[A] Have you ever faced a time when things looked dark① and you had no hope at all？【2】 Two years ago, I was told I had a serious disease② which was difficult to cure. My body ached③ all the time and thus I thought I didn't have much longer to live. I was very afraid and I felt so alone and discouraged④. Then one day, I had to go through a two-hour medical treatment⑤. The doctor wanted me to relax, so he had me listen to some music, and one of the songs was “Happy”.
The song made me feel so much better that from then on⑥ I began to listen to music all the time.【3】 [B] John A. Logan said, “Music is the medicine of the mind.” And it's true. Music helped me recover.
【2】该句为复合句，其中含有一个由关系副词when引导的定语从句，先行词为a time；定语从句中包含由并列连词and连接的两个并列分句。
【3】该句中包含“so...that...”结构，表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。
[C] Music gave me happiness. When I listened to music, [D] it made my spirits fly like a kite in the wind. [C] Music gave me strength and brought me relief. [E] It was the rock I leant⑦ on to become strong and to get through⑧ those hard times【4】. Moreover⑨， [C] music gave me hope and a sense of satisfaction⑩.
[F] It became my best friend. It spoke words of encouragement to the deepest part of my being .
【4】I leant on...hard times为省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，先行词rock在句中作on的宾语，动词不定式短语to become strong and to get through those hard times作目的状语。
Of course, I hope none of you have to go through the same kind of suffering that I did.【5】 At the same time ， we all go through various periods when we feel sad or alone. During those times, music can help you in the same way that it helped me. I hope all of you will somehow begin to treasure music and make it a part of your life.
Thank you!
【5】该句中I hope后面为省略了引导词that的宾语从句；在宾语从句中又包含一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句，从句中的did替代了went through。
[词语积累]
①dark adj.[熟词生义]　忧郁的，不快的，无望的
②disease/d 'zi z/n.(疾)病
[近义] illness指病、疾病、患病期
③ache /e k/vi.& n．疼痛
[思考]名词＋ ache构成的合成名词有哪些？
它们分别是什么意思？
④discouraged/d s'k r d d/adj.泄气的，灰心的
discouraging adj.令人泄气的
discourage vt.使泄气
encourage v．鼓励
courage n．勇气
[思考]前缀dis-构成的词，你能想到哪些？
⑤treatment/'tri tm nt/n.治疗；对待；处理
treatment for...治疗……
⑥from then on从那时起，常用于一般过去时。
from now on从现在起
from today on从今天起
⑦lean/li n/vi.(leant/leaned, leant/leaned)倚靠；倾斜
lean against/on...倚靠在某物上
⑧get through度过(困难时期)；(设法)处理，完成
⑨moreover/m r' v (r)/adv.而且；此外
furthermore adv.此外，而且，再者
besides adv.况且，再说
what's more另外；更重要的是
⑩satisfaction/ s t s'f k n/n.满足；满意；欣慰
being/'bi /n. [熟词生义]　身心，思想感情
suffering/'s f r /n.[U](身体或精神上的)痛苦，折磨；[C]痛苦，苦恼(常用复数)
at the same time同时；然而
various/'ve ri s/adj.各种不同的；各种各样的
treasure　[熟词生义]　vt.珍视；珍爱；珍重
人物小传
John A. Logan(约翰·洛根)1961年生于美国伊利诺伊州的芝加哥，美国影视编剧、制作人。洛根于1983年毕业于芝加哥西北大学并开始他的戏剧创作生涯。他在芝加哥完成了一系列著名的戏剧与影视作品。他的第一部戏剧作品为《永无罪人》(1985)；影视作品方面，他曾凭《角斗士》《飞行家》两获奥斯卡最佳原创剧本提名，凭《雨果》获奥斯卡最佳改编剧本提名。此外，他因《红色》获2010年托尼奖最佳戏剧奖。他其他著名的作品包括《007：大破天幕杀机》《最后的武士》《理发师陶德》《低俗怪谈》等。
[课文释译]
早上好，我叫萨拉·威廉姆斯。很荣幸来到这里，与大家分享音乐如何对我的生活产生影响。
你是否曾经面临过这样的时刻：一切看起来都很黯淡，而你却毫无希望？两年前，我被告知患有一种很难治愈的严重疾病。因为身体一直在疼，所以我想我活不了多久了。我很害怕，感到非常孤独和沮丧。后来有一天，我必须接受两个小时的医学治疗。医生想让我放松，所以他让我听了一些音乐，其中一首歌是《快乐》。这首歌让我感觉好多了，从那时起我开始一直听音乐。约翰·洛根说过：“音乐是医治心灵的良药。”真的是这样。音乐帮助我恢复健康。
音乐给了我快乐。听音乐时，它使我的精神像风筝一样在风中飞翔。音乐给了我力量，给了我安慰。它是一块岩石，靠着它，我变得坚强，挨过那些艰难的日子。还有，音乐给了我希望和满足感。它成了我最好的朋友。它向我内心深处传递了鼓励的话语。
当然，我希望你们中没有任何人遭受和我一样的痛苦。同时，我们都会经历不同的感到悲伤或孤独的时期。在那些时光里，音乐可以像帮助我一样帮助你。我希望你们所有人都能开始珍惜音乐，让它成为你们生活的一部分。
谢谢！
语篇细研·教材精读
Ⅰ.文本整体理解：快速浏览文章
Grasp the main idea of each paragraph.
Paragraph 1：_________________________________
Paragraph 2：_________________________________
Paragraph 3：_________________________________
Paragraph 4：_________________________________
Paragraph 5：________________________________
Introduce herself and the topic of the speech.
Sara's personal experience.
How music helps her during her difficult time.
Sara's advice to others.
Close the speech.
Ⅱ.文本细节理解：关注特色表达
A．拟人　　　　B．引述　　　　C．明喻　　　　D．暗喻
1．It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times.(　　)
2．John A. Logan said, “Music is the medicine of the mind.”(　　)
3．It (Music) became my best friend. It spoke words of encouragement to the deepest part of my being.(　　)
4．When I listened to music, it made my spirits fly like a kite in the wind.(　　)

D
B
A
C
Ⅲ.文本梳理
Outline of the text
Introduction: The speaker Sara and the topic 1._________________.
Sara's personal experience: Listening to music made her feel 2.________ and she began to listen to music all the time.
Relating her own experience to the audience: When we feel sad or alone, music can help us to 3.____________ those times.
the influence of music
encouraged
get through
Ⅳ.阅读理解(根据课文内容选择正确答案)
1．What was Sarah's problem
A．She felt upset from time to time.
B．She didn't get along well with her friend.
C．She had a serious disease which was hard to cure.
D．She felt happy.
2．According to Sarah, music gives her the following except ________.
A．happiness　　B．strength　　C．hope　　D．sorrow
3．What's Sarah's advice to others
A．Value music. B．Don't lose heart.
C．Turn to others for help. D．Create the music.
C
D
A
知识探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．equipment n．[U]设备；装备　equip vt.装备，配备；使能够胜任
不可数名词，可以借助量词piece来表达数量概念
(教材P55)People to set up equipment 安装设备的人
a piece of equipment 一件设备
camping equipment 露营装备
office equipment 办公设备
computer equipment 计算机设备
a shop selling camping equipment 一家出售露营装备的商店
a very useful piece of equipment 一件非常有用的设备
A lot of money was spent on the equipment of the new hospital. 新医院的设备花费巨大。
The rooms are equipped with cameras. 房间里都装有摄像头。
The course is designed to equip students for a career as architects.
该课程旨在使学生具备从事建筑师职业的能力。
The boss has equipped our workplace with a computer. We are very happy to have such equipment. To equip us with enough skills, we often use the new equipment to find some information.
老板给我们的工作场所配备了一台电脑。我们很高兴有这样的设备。为了使我们具备足够的技能，我们经常使用新设备来查找一些信息。
学法点拨：
equipment是不可数名词，没有复数形式，表达“一件设备”要用a piece of equipment。常考的不可数名词还有information, news, advice, luggage, furniture, word(消息)等 。

词语积累：
medical equipment 医疗设备
necessary equipment 必要的设备
equip...with... 用……装备……
be equipped with 配备有……
equip sb. for sth. 使某人能胜任某事
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空
①He spent a lot of money _____________________________________ (给每个员工配备最新的设备)．
②He looked at Lily and felt that she ______________________ (不能胜任这项任务)．
③The lecture hall _____________(配备)advanced cameras.
④Modern _________ (equip) and no smoking are two of the things I like about working here.
⑤The explorers were told to equip themselves ________everything they would need for the voyage.
⑥The more we learn, the more ________ (equip) we are for our future.
⑦His evening study has equipped him ________ a career as a teacher.
equipping every employee with the latest equipment
was not equipped for this task
is equipped with
equipment
with
equipped
for
2.talent n．天才；天资；天赋　talented adj.有天赋的；有才华的
(教材P55)What can those who think they do not have musical talent do
那些认为自己没有音乐天赋的人能做什么呢？
have a talent for 在……方面有天赋；有……天赋
show a talent for 展现出……方面的天赋，显示出……天赋
show talent in 在……展现天分
He has a talent for writing and is eager to be an author.他有写作的天赋，渴望成为一名作家。
She showed a talent for designing at an early age.她在很小的时候就展现出了设计方面的天赋。
He is considered to be the most excellent talent in our neighborhood.
他被认为是我们街区里最有才华的人。
归纳拓展：
a man of many talents 多才多艺的男子
a wealth of talent 人才济济
a talented actor/artist 有天赋的演员/艺术家
be talented in/at 在……方面有天赋
gift n．天赋，天才，才能
gifted adj.有天赋的，有才华的
be gifted with...具有……
be gifted in/at 在……方面有才能/天赋
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①My sister had a talent ________ painting at an early age.
＝My sister was talented ________ painting at an early age.
②I remember you were a ________(talent) pianist at college.
③我们如果不去尝试，永远不会知道我们是否对一门学科感兴趣或有天赋。
We will never know if we are interested or talented ________ a subject if we don't try it.
for
in/at
talented
in/at
④布莱恩在音乐创作方面有天赋；他非常有可能成为像贝多芬那样的人。
Brian is gifted ________ writing music；he is very likely to be a Beethoven.
⑤Your daughter _______________(在……方面有天赋) dancing. If she works hard, she will be famous as a dancer one day.
⑥In fact he never ______________ (在……展现天分) any direction whatever.
in/at
has a talent/gift for
showed talent in
3.assume vt.以为；假设　assumption n．假设　
(教材P55)So can I assume that the aim of the festival is to raise money
所以我能认为这个节日的目的是筹集资金吗？
assume vt. 以为；假设
assume the worst 往最坏处想
assume...to be/as... 假定……是……，认定……是……
assume(that)．.. 假定……，认定……
It is assumed that... 据推测……
Let us/Let's assume (that)．.. 我们假设……
It is reasonable to assume (that)．.. 认为……是有道理的。
It is generally/usually assumed that... 普遍/通常认为……
I had assumed him to be a performer.我本以为他是位演员。
It is reasonable to assume (that) the economy will continue to improve.
认为经济将继续好转是有道理的。
It is assumed that she will be back at seven.据推测她将七点钟回家。
Even assuming (that) smokers do see the health warnings, I doubt they'll take any notice.
即便假定抽烟者看到了(烟盒上的)健康警示，我觉得他们也会视而不见。
误区警示：
assuming(that)．..假定……
assuming可以用作连词，表示“假设……为真，假如”，引导从句，此用法同supposing, providing, provided, given that。

词语积累：
assuming conj.假定，假设
assumption n．假定，假设
make an assumption作出假设，认为
be based on an assumption以假设为基础
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①It may __________ (assume) that there is no animal life on Mars.
②________ (assume) that we can't get the necessary equipment, we will have to give up the experiment.
③We all made the __________ (assume) that the company would close due to his wrong decision.
④Many people __________________ (认为) that poverty only exists in the Third World.
be assumed
Assuming
assumption
make the assumption
⑤____________(假如) the proposal is accepted, when are we going to get the money
⑥普遍认为，压力是工作过多所致。
______________________ stress is caused by too much work.
⑦Farmers will have a good harvest, _____________________________
________________(假定天气有利)．
Assuming that
It is generally assumed that
assuming/supposing/provided that the weather is favorable
4．treatment n．治疗；对待；处理　treat vt.治疗，医治；处理
(教材P56)Then one day, I had to go through a two-hour medical treatment.
后来有一天，我需要去做两个小时的治疗。
a treatment for... ……的治疗
give sb. treatment 为某人治疗
get/have/receive treatment 接受治疗
need/require treatment 需要治疗
hospital/medical treatment 入院/药物治疗
He's receiving a treatment for cancer.他正在接受癌症治疗。
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from blindness for lack of proper treatment.后来，他在非洲工作，那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。
They were well treated by the local people.他们受到当地人的善待。
Eat to your heart's content. It's my treat.大家尽情地吃。我请客。
词语积累：
treat sb. for sth. 治疗某人的……
treat...with...用……治疗……
treat sb. well/badly 对待某人好/不好
treat sb. as...像……那样对待某人
treat sb./oneself to...用……招待某人/犒劳自己
It's my treat. 我请客。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①He was deeply impressed by the careful _________ (treat) of the doctors.
②Men and women must ____________ (treat) equally in education and employment.
③He treated them ________ a good dinner on New Year's Day.
④They treated me ________ their own child.
⑤He ______________(用……犒劳他自己)a glass of beer in a nearby pub.
⑥Our teachers are kind to us and ____________________(像对待他们的朋友那样对待我们)．
⑦该医院最近获得了新的医疗设备，从而使更多的病人能够得到治疗。
The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing more patients _____________ .
treatment
be treated
to
as
treated himself to
treat us as their friends
to be treated
5．lean vt. (leant/leaned, leant/leaned)依靠；倾斜
(教材P56)It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times.
它是我依靠的岩石，使我变得坚强，度过那些艰难的日子。
They always lean on us when they're in trouble.他们有麻烦时总是依赖我们。
The young politician is beginning to lean to the opinions of the workers.
那位年轻的政治家逐渐开始倾向于工人的意见。
Lean against my arm. I will support you.靠在我胳膊上，我会扶住你。
常见搭配：
lean on依靠，依赖(……的帮助和支持)(＝depend on)；对……施加压力

lean to/towards/toward倾向，偏向(尤指某意见或利益)

lean against/on sth. 倚靠……；靠在……
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空
①He ________ heavily ________(依赖)his family.
②The UK ________(倾向) the US proposal.
③He has been leaning ________ the TV company not to broadcast the show.
④A huge mirror was leaning _________ the wall.
⑤The old temple leans ________ the right at a dangerous angle.
leans
on
leant
on
on/against
to/towards
6.satisfaction n．满足；满意；欣慰；令人满意的事物
(教材P56)Moreover, music gave me hope and a sense of satisfaction.
不仅如此，音乐还给予我希望和满足感。
satisfy vt. 使满意
satisfied adj. 满意的
satisfying adj. 令人满意的
get/gain satisfaction from sth. 从某事中得到满足感
find satisfaction in sth. 在某事中找到满足感
take satisfaction in/from sth. 从某事中获得满足
with satisfaction 满足地
express satisfaction 表示满意
a look/smile of satisfaction心满意足的表情/笑容
a sense/feeling of satisfaction满足感
great/deep satisfaction极大的/深深的满足
customer/patient/voter satisfaction 顾客/病人/选民的满意度
personal satisfaction 个人的满足感
job satisfaction工作满意度
She is satisfied with the particular style of the dress.
她对这件连衣裙的独特款式感到满意。
[词语积累]
归纳拓展：
satisfy one's needs/demands 满足某人的需要/要求
be satisfied to do...乐意做……＝be pleased to do...
be satisfied with 对……感到满意＝be pleased with...
to one's satisfaction＝to the satisfaction of sb.使某人满意
a satisfaction to sb. 对某人来说是一件满意的事

提醒：
satisfactory adj.令人满意的
可与satisfying互换。
如：After a long search, we found a satisfactory (＝satisfying) hotel.经过长时间的寻找，我们找到了一家令人满意的宾馆。
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空
①_______________(令她满意的是), her dream has come true.
②Working at the charity gives her _________________(一种满足感)．
③When I didn't ___________________(从……中得到满足感)the local people I wrote to the head office.
④While visiting the gallery, the professor kept nodding his head to express his _________ (satisfy) with his students' work.
⑤When she finished her meal, she gave a ________ (satisfy) smile.
⑥Working with them was our most ________ (satisfy) activity.
⑦I noticed ________ great satisfaction that you made great progress.
To her satisfaction
a sense of satisfaction
get any satisfaction from
satisfaction
satisfied
satisfying
with
7.various adj. 各种不同的；各种各样的　vary vt. & vi. 使不同，变化　variety n. 变化，多样性，种类
(教材P56)At the same time, we all go through various periods when we feel sad or alone.
同时，我们都会经历悲伤或孤独的时光。
The products we sell are various. 我们出售的产品是各式各样的。
(1)vary vi. & vt. 变化；使相异
vary in 在……方面不同
vary with sth. 随……而变化
vary between...and... 从……到……不等
vary from...to... 从……到……变化
vary from person to person 因人而异
(2)variety n. 种类，品种；多样性
a variety of＝varieties of＝various 种类繁多的
The colors of the lights vary with music. 灯光的颜色随着音乐而变化。
This pile of apples vary in size. 这堆苹果大小不一。
常见搭配：
for various reasons
由于种种原因
in various sizes 大小不一

近义词：
all kinds/sorts/types of各种各样的
即学即练　单句语法填空/一句多译
①The activity attracted ________ (vary) people.
②The cafe offers a wide ________ (vary) of sandwiches in order to attract customers.
③The prices of some goods vary ________ the season.
④The prices of the goods vary ________ one yuan to one thousand yuan.
这个学校为学生提供各种各样的课程。
⑤Students are offered ________/________________________/________________ courses in this school.
various
variety
with
from
various
a variety of
varieties of
8.reaction n．反应；回应　react v. 回应；发生化学反应
(教材P58)Encouraged by this first performance and the positive reaction of the audience, I have continued to play the piano...在第一次演出和观众的积极反应的鼓舞下，我继续弹钢琴……
react vi. 回应；抗拒；发生反应
react to 对……起反应；对……作出回应
react on/upon 对……起作用，对……有影响，对……起反应
react with 与……起化学反应
react slowly＝be slow to react 反应迟钝
how to react to the suggestion 对这个建议如何反应
react on the price of food 影响食物价格
pay attention to their reaction to the event 注意他们对这个事件的反应
Their reaction to the event is shock. 他们对此事的反应极为震惊。
Children have reacted happily to the news that they will get gifts free of charge on Children's Day.
孩子们对儿童节会收到免费礼物的消息感到高兴。
His words react upon the audience. 他的话对听众有影响。
Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust.铁和水及空气发生反应产生铁锈。
He reacted against his father's influence by becoming a composer.
他不受父亲的影响，成了一名作曲家。
学法点拨：in reaction to与react to中的to均为介词，后接名词或动名词作宾语。
常见搭配：
in reaction to
作为对……的反应
a reaction to
对……的反应
a chain reaction
连锁反应
nuclear chain reaction
核链式反应
plants' reaction to weather
植物对天气的反应
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①What was your mother's reaction ________ the news that you had been admitted into Peking University
②Hearing how others react ________ the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.
③Children sometimes react ________ the things their parents think right.
④If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my immediate ________ (react) will be to tell the police.
⑤—I want to know how you ________ (对……反应) my opinion.
—On the whole, it's very excellent, but I _____________(反对) your statement on the product.
to
to
against
reaction
react to
react against
9．disease n．(疾)病
(教材P56)．..I was told I had a serious disease which was difficult to cure.
……我被告知我得了一种难以治愈的病。
heart disease 心脏病
reduce the risk of heart disease 减少得心脏病的风险
a deadly/rare disease 致命的/罕见的疾病
a disease that attacks the brain 侵袭大脑的疾病
a universal disease 全球性疾病
sleep-related diseases 睡眠相关的疾病
struggle against disease 同疾病作斗争
cure sb. of disease 治愈某人的疾病
He retired from active work after a long period of illness. 他在长期患病后退休。
The organization will carry on a struggle against disease.
该组织将继续开展对抗疾病的斗争。
Physical exercise can protect you against heart disease.体育锻炼可以预防心脏病。
To our sadness, John's wife got a serious disease and ended in death.
令我们悲伤的是，约翰的妻子患了重病，并最终去世。
As we all know, there is a strong connection between smoking and heart disease.
众所周知，吸烟和心脏病之间有着密切的联系。
同义词辨析：illness和sickness常可通用，很少指具体疾病，通常只表示抽象的疾病或生病状态。例如：他患了一种怪病。
He is suffering from a curious disease (√)
He is suffering from a curious illness/sickness (×)

知识拓展：
disease 指具体的“疾病”如：chronic disease(慢性病)，acute disease(急性病)，contagious diseases(传染病)，heart disease(心脏病)等。
即学即练　单句语法填空(用disease, illness或sickness填写句子)
①A new cure has been found for that ________.
②The efficient quarantine system prevented the _______ from spreading.
③Workers in many countries are constantly threatened by ____________ and unemployment.
④The teacher often suffer from heart ________ and I think he will retire from school for _____________ soon.
disease
disease
sickness/illness
disease
sickness/illness
10.ache vi. & n. 疼痛　hurt n. 创伤；伤害
(教材P56)My body ached all the time and...我的身体总是疼……
ache for 渴望
ache to do sth. 渴望做某事
the ache of his loneliness 他的孤寂之苦
[易混辨析]　pain与ache比较
ache通常指一种较持久的疼痛，或因一些小病或失调引起的感觉，常常是局部的。如headache 头痛；toothache牙痛。
[注意]　ache可和身体的部分部位组成合成名词，而其他词不行。
pain指人身体感到不舒服或由于严重受伤或疾病引起的疼痛，有时指局部疼痛影响全身，比ache严重。如：a pain in the neck脖子酸痛，chest pains 胸部痛。
知识拓展：
a headache头疼
a toothache牙疼
a stomachache胃痛

在日常英语中，人们一般说have a headache，have (a) backache, have (a) stomachache或者have (a) toothache, 而不说head/back/ ...aches
即学即练　单句语法填空
①Great ________ (pain) have been taken to make the information as accurate as possible.
②Apart from the usual ________ (ache) and pains, she felt all right.
③His feet were ________ (ache) from standing so long.
④I am aching ________ some sleep.
⑤He ached ________ (reach) out and hold her close.
pains
aches
aching
for
to reach
第二版块|重要短语
1．set sth. up安装好(设备或机器)；建起，设立；创建，开办
(教材P55)people to set up equipment 安装设备的人
set about doing sth. 开始/着手做某事
set out to do sth. 开始/着手做某事
set aside 把……放到一旁；留出(钱或时间)
set off 动身，出发；使爆炸
set out(for) 出发(去)，动身(去)
set down 记下，写下；放下；制定，规定
set fire to 点燃…… set sb. free释放某人
set a date 确定日期 set an example 树立榜样
Many new devices have been set up to help improve the production.
已经安装了许多新设备来帮助改进生产。
A monument was set up as a memorial to the dead soldiers. 为阵亡的士兵立了一个纪念碑。
The fisherman was set free. He set down his suitcase, set up a tent and set fire to some wood to get warm. After he had set a date for going home, he set about preparing to set out next week.
渔夫被释放了。他放下行李箱，搭了个帐篷，烧了一些木头取暖。在确定了回家的日期之后，他开始准备下周出发。
常见搭配：
set up one's business成立公司
set up the equipment 安装设备
set up a company 创立公司
set up an online campaign 在网上发起一项活动
set up roadblocks 设置路障
set up a tent 搭建帐篷

联想与链接：
“v. ＋up”型短语：
put up 建造；张贴；提供住宿
build up 逐步增加；使发展
make up 构成；编造；化妆
pick up 捡起；学会；搭载
bring up 抚养，养育
tum up 出现；调高
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空
①Besides, our school _______ (成立)a volleyball team and a basketball team.
②The weather was very cold and they had to ________ (点燃)some wood to warm themselves.
③Alice is a very nice girl and ready to help others. She has __________
(树立榜样)to us and we should learn from her.
④He decided to set ________ a school for the poor children from the mountain villages.
set up
set fire to
set an example
up
⑤If we had set ________ her address, we wouldn't have had difficulty finding her house.
⑥We need to set ________ finding a way to deal with the problem.
⑦The next morning he hired a boat and set out ________ (find) the well-known painter.
⑧She sets ________ a bit of money every month for the future use.
⑨We were warned to set ________ early to avoid the heavy traffic.
down
about
to find
aside
off
2．try out 参加……选拔(或试演)；试用；测试；试验
(教材P55)Who can try out as a performer？谁能试着成为一名演员？
These teams are going to try out for the Olympic Games.
这些队伍要参加奥林匹克运动会的选拔赛。
They're trying out a new host for the show. 他们正在为这个节目试用一位新主持人。
The composer will try out the new technique of composing.这个作曲家将尝试新的作曲技术。
We hope to have the opportunity to try the new idea out.
我们希望有机会试验一下这个新想法。
Try on the shoes to see if they fit. 试试那双鞋子看合不合适。
He was then trying for a new job. 当时他正在谋求一份新工作。
归纳拓展：
try on 试穿，试戴
try for 谋求，争取
try to do sth. 尽力做某事
try doing sth. 尝试做某事
try one's best (to do sth.)竭尽所能(做某事)
have a try 试一试
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Every means has been tried ________ but none of them is effective.
②Why not try ________ (do) the experiment in another way
③What a beautiful dress! Why don't you try it ________ for size
④The aim of the project is to encourage students to ________ (尝试) new ideas on the Internet.
⑤Now that you have nothing to lose, why don't you _________ (参加选拔) the music competition
⑥He thought of ________ (谋求) a position in a research institute.
out
doing
on
try out
try out for
trying for
3.in addition (to sb./sth.)除……以外(还)
(教材P55)How else could you help in addition to what has already been mentioned
除了已经提到的，你还能提供什么帮助呢？
In addition to swimming, she likes playing the guitar.除了游泳，她还喜欢弹吉他。
In addition to being a famous conductor, he is a sportswear designer.
除了是一名著名的指挥家外，他还是一位运动服装设计师。
In addition，you should keep track of the information in his blog post.
另外，你应该留意他博客里的信息。
There is, in addition, one further point to make.此外，还有一点要说。
误区警示：
①in addition可用于句首、句中或句末，用于句首或句中时，通常用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。
②in addition与in addition to
in addition“除此之外，另外”，是副词短语，单独作状语。
in addition to“除……之外(还)”，是短语介词，后面要接名词、代词或动名词，相当于介词besides和短语介词as well as，apart from。
即学即练　完成句子/辨析填空：in addition/in addition to
①The products are of high quality. _________ (另外)，the price is low.
②___________________(除了游泳)，she likes playing the guitar.
③The house is too far from our school; ____________，it is too old.
④______________ the school, the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support.
In addition
In addition to swimming
in addition
In addition to
4.get through (1)(设法)处理；完成；通过(测试等)；渡过(难关)　(2)设法联系上(尤指打通电话)　(3)(使)正式通过，获得采纳　(4)消耗掉；用完，耗尽
(教材P56)It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times.
是我所依靠的那块岩石使我变得坚强并度过了那些艰难的时光/期。
get across 被理解
get around 传播；流传
get over 克服；控制
get along with 相处；进展
He tried to get through this amount of work in time.他设法按时完成了这么多工作。
Thankfully, I managed to get through the hard times, and the pain was struck into my heart.
幸好，我熬过了那些困难时期，那伤痛是刻骨铭心的。
I'm afraid the phone must be out of order and I can't get through. 恐怕电话出毛病了，我打不通。
The candidates didn't all get through.报考者没有全部通过。
He has got through all the money I lent him.我借给他的钱他已经花光了。
归纳拓展：
get in 进入；收割
get on 进展，相处；上车
get away with带着……潜逃；做(坏事)而未受惩罚
get down to (doing) sth. 开始(做)/认真对待某事
即学即练　单句语法填空/写出句中get through的含义
①Anyway, we're here now, so let's get down first ________ some tough tasks.
②Although the two boys are different in character, they get along well ________ each other.
③I've been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network; I can't seem to get ________.
④I can't keep you company right now, because I haven't got through my composition yet.________
⑤I called you last night, but I couldn't get through.________
⑥They got the bill through Congress.___________
⑦We got through a fortune while we were in New York.________
to
with
through
完成
接通电话
(使)正式通过
消耗掉
5.from then on 从那时起
(教材P56)．..from then on I began to listen to music all the time.
……从此之后，我开始一直听音乐。
from now on 从现在起(用于将来时)
from today on 从今天起(用于将来时)
from tomorrow on 从明天起(用于将来时)
from that day on 从那天起(用于过去时或完成时)
from that moment on 从那一刻起(用于过去时/完成时)
From then on, they became good friends. 从那以后，他们成了好朋友。
From then on, I started to play football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.
从那时起，我开始在放学后和同学踢足球。我现在踢得不错。
From now on, you will not let anyone stop you from change. Right
从现在开始，你将不再让任何人阻止你改变。对吗？
误区警示：
from then on 可用于过去时或现在完成时。
since then on 只用于现在完成时。

语境助记：
From then on, mother and daughter have depended on each other for survival.
从那时起，母女俩相依为命。
即学即练　完成句子
①____________(从那以后)，they studied English every day.
②__________________(从那一刻起)，basketball has connected me with this great city.
③______________(此刻)，I do not know what to say.
From then on
From that moment on
At this moment
6．put up 张贴
(教材P57)Put up your speech in the classroom or deliver it to your class.
把你的讲话稿贴在教室里或发送给你的同班同学们。
put up 举起；留宿；竖起，建造；张贴；提高(价格)
Put your hands up. 举起你的手。
put up at a hotel for the night 在酒店过夜
put sb. up 留宿某人
put up some posters 贴几张海报
put up the rent 提高租金
...posters were put up around our school, calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth. ……海报张贴在我们学校四处，呼吁我们加入绿色地球的行动中。
...by January those same toys can be found put away in the basement.
……到明年一月，那些同样的玩具可能会在地下室找到。
词汇联想：
put away 放好；储存
put aside 把……放在一边
put back 放回原处
put down 放下；写下；平定
put off 拖延；推迟
put on 穿上；上演

put forward 提出
put out 扑灭
put up with 忍受，容忍
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空
①去年他们盖了许多高楼。
They ________ many buildings last year.
②安娜刚发邮件说经理会议推迟到下周一。
Anna just emailed to say that the managers' meeting is put ________ till next Monday.
③You'd better ________ your worries ________ and enjoy your time at the beach.
④The meeting has been put ________ to 9 a．m. from 10 a．m.
⑤She put the magazine ________ and started to listen to the teacher.
put up
off
put
away
forward
aside
7.turn out 结果是，结果证明
(教材P58)As it turned out, there was no need to be nervous...
结果证明，没必要紧张……
turn up 露面，到达；调高(音量等)
turn down 调小；拒绝
turn on 打开
turn off 关掉
After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, which turned out to be a wise decision. 大学毕业后，我抽出了一些时间去旅行，结果证明这是一个明智的决定。
It turned out that she was the physical education teacher of my sister.
她原来是我妹妹的体育老师。
The weather forecast had predicted rain all day but it turned out (to be) a lovely day.
天气预报预测全天下雨，但结果天气非常好。
常见搭配：
turn out＋

联想拓展：
turn to 向……求助
turn over 使翻转；移交
turn around 转身
turn in 交还
即学即练　完成句子/单句语法填空
①不要担心。我肯定你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现的。
Don't worry.I'm sure your missing glasses will ________ sooner or later.
②I had thought the boy would perform badly, but it ___________(结果是) that he performed quite well.
③Don't forget to turn ________ the lights before you leave the office.
④I had worried much about his going there alone. Actually, he turned ________ quite good at doing things all by himself.
turn up
turned out
out
out
第三版块|典型句式
1．the way 后跟定语从句
(教材P56)．..music can help you in the same way that it helped me.
……音乐可以帮助你，就像它曾经帮助我一样。
[句式分析]　本句是主从复合句。that it helped me是定语从句，修饰the same way，从句用了关系词that，此处that还可以替换为in which 或省略不用。
She admired the way (in which/that) I answered the questions. 她钦佩我回答问题的方式。
The way that/which was used to solve the problem is really practical.
用来解决这个问题的方法是很实用的。
She doesn't like the way (that/which) her father told her.她不喜欢她父亲告诉她的方式。
在含有定语从句的复合句中，the way作先行词时有以下三种情况：
(1)关系词在从句中作状语，关系词用in which，that或省略；
(2)关系词在从句中作主语，关系词用that或which；
(3)关系词在从句中作宾语，关系词用that，which或省略。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①What surprised me was not what he said but the way ____________ he said it.
②We admire him for the way ___________ he faces difficulties.
③The Smiths are praised for ____________________________(他们抚养孩子的方式)．
④I don't know _____________________________(汤姆是怎样从这样的大火中幸存下来的)．
in which/that
in which/that
the way they bring up their children
the way Tom survived such a big fire
2．...a time when...一段……的时期
(教材P56)Have you ever faced a time when things looked dark and you had no hope at all
你是否曾经历过黯淡无光、万念俱灰的一段时光？
[句式分析]　句中的a time when...意为“一段……的时期”，when引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词a time。此外还有以下句式：This was a time when...这是一段……时期。
There was a time when...曾经有一段时期……
This was a time when the two countries were at war.这是两国交战的时期。
There was a time when I was getting along well with my classmates.
曾有一段时间我和同学们相处得很好。
知识拓展：
“It/This/That is the first/second...time (that)…”这/那是……第一/二……次……，从句中的谓语动词需用现在完成时。

It/This/That was the first/second...time (that)．..这/那是……第一/二……次……，从句中的谓语动词需用过去完成时。

这是我第一次游览长城。
It is the first time I have visited the Great Wall.
It was the first time I had visited the Great Wall.
即学即练　单句语法填空
①There was a time ________ I was crazy about outdoor activities.
②Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize in literature. It was the first time that a Chinese writer ________(win) such an important award.
③There was ________ time ________ some people's lives were devoted simply to the cultivation of the land or the care of cattle.
④________ was a time ________ most girls couldn't go to school.
⑤Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing other people, but there ________ times ________ some level of disturbance is unavoidable.
⑥It is the second time I ________(see) the famous player, but I still feel excited.
⑦Louis Braille lived in a time ________ the blind couldn't get much education.
when
had won
a
when
That
when
are
when
have seen
when
3.so...that...如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句
(教材P56)The song made me feel so much better that from then on I began to listen to music all the time. 听着这首歌，我感觉好多了；从此之后，我开始一直听音乐。
[句式分析]　so＋ ＋that...
The kids have done so well that they deserve our praise.
孩子们做得那么好，他们值得我们的表扬。
I have had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over.
我跌了这么多跤，全身青一块紫一块的。
It is such a difficult problem that I find it hard to solve.问题很难，我发现很难解决它。
It was such fine weather that all children played outdoors.天气那么好，孩子们都在户外玩。
Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages.
引发愤怒的事件如此之多以至于描述它们都需要数百页纸。
We arrived early in the morning, so that we caught the first train.
我们早上到得很早，所以赶上了早班火车。(结果)
We moved to the country so that we could be away from the noisy and dull city.
我们搬到了乡下，以便能离开喧闹、单调的城市。(目的)
句式比较：
so＋adj. ＋a(n)＋可数名词单数
＝such＋a(n)＋adj. ＋可数名词单数
so good a teacher＝such a good teacher
so difficult a problem＝such a difficult problem
误区警示：
(1)so/such...that...结构中，so/such...置于句首时，主句用部分倒装，that...不倒装。
So well have the kids done that they deserve our praise.
Such a difficult problem is it that I find it hard to solve.
(2)so...that/so that
so...that只引导结果状语从句。
so that可引导结果状语从句或目的状语从句。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①On our way to the house, it was raining ________ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there.
②Besides, I have ________ a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.
③Who hasn't received an email so annoying ________ it ruined an entire day
④The building is ________ splendid that the people living there all think highly of it.
⑤乒乓球是一项非常有趣的运动，很多中国人打乒乓球。
Table tennis is so interesting a game that many people in China play it.
→Table tennis is______________________many people in China play it.
so
such
that
so
such an interesting game that
⑥他走得如此匆忙以至于忘了锁门。
He left in such a hurry that he forgot to lock the door.
→He left __________ that he forgot to lock the door.
⑦进攻来得如此突然，敌人没有时间逃跑。
The attack was so sudden that the enemy had no time to escape.
→________________________ the enemy had no time to escape.
so hurriedly
So sudden was the attack that
4.动词不定式作目的状语
(教材P58)To be a good daughter, I agreed to learn even though I wasn't interested in it at all. 为了做一个好女儿，我同意学习，尽管我对学习它一点儿也不感兴趣。
[句式分析]　不定式短语to be a good daughter在句中作目的状语。意为：为了做一个好女儿。
I sent him some pictures for him to see what Paris is like.
我寄给他几张照片，让他看一看巴黎是什么样子。
Let's hurry so as not to be late for the movie.咱们快点儿吧，免得看电影迟到了。
知识拓展：
(1)逻辑主语：一般为句子的主语。逻辑主语与构成不定式的动词为主动关系时，不定式用主动式，否则用被动式。当逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，要用for引出不定式自身的逻辑主语。
(2)与谓语动作的关系：不定式动作是谓语动作的目的，所以不定式动作通常发生在谓语动作之后。
(3)in order to为了……，否定形式为in order not to，可放在句首或句中。
(4)so as to为了……，否定形式为so as not to，不能位于句首，只能放在句中。
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
①________ (get) the students back in order, I shared my own story of getting my knee stuck between the rails of a balcony.
②During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together ________ (share) a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.
③The provincial government and its partners offer many programs ________ (help) students find summer jobs.
④那么，我们跳舞是为了让自己感觉更好、更平静、更健康吗？
So do we dance ________________make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier
To get
to share
to help
in order to/so as to
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The band bought a lot of ________(设备) and set it up in their studio.
2．Somehow, whenever he goes down the stairs his knees ________ (疼痛) a bit.
3．At the end of his performance, the audience expressed ________ (满意)．
4．She is proud that both her children have a ________ (天赋) for hip-hop.
5．He proved himself (to be) a ________ (有能力的) businessman.
6．Her ________ (目标) is to release her own album as well as to perform on the international music stage.
equipment
ache
satisfaction
talent
capable
aim
7．Somehow she had a serious disease, which had a great ________ (影响) on her previous life.
8．The pianist is capable of playing various songs on the piano; he leads a ________ (浪漫的) life.
9．If you ________ (假定) that something is true, you imagine that it is not false. But sometimes you are wrong.
10．The patient got careful ________ (治疗) in the hospital. Finally she was cured of the disease.
impact
romantic
assume
treatment
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．When ________ (question) by the police, the thief admitted the theft at last.
2．I was told I had a serious disease which was difficult ______(cure)．
3．It's an honour to be here and to share with you the story of how music has had an impact ________ my life.
4．Moreover, music gave me hope and a sense of ________ (satisfy)．
5．His musical works were so popular that he was thought ________ by many as the most important composer of his generation.
6．John, you can play the piano. How about ________ (play) it at the festival
questioned
to cure
on/upon
satisfaction
of
playing
7．They were pleased with his classical music and folk songs and finally invited him _________ (perform) in the silver hall.
8．When he got absorbed ________ his world of music, he felt as if he could see the beauty of the world around him.
9．These exercises let your heart rate increase and reduce ________ (gradual), but not suddenly.
10．The album was recorded in a new way, so it __________ (expect) to be popular with techno fans.
to perform
in
gradually
was expected
Ⅲ.短语填空
in relief， previous to， have a great impact on， aim at， set up， try out for， in addition， from then on， get through， with satisfaction
1．The band ____________ the musical equipment in their studio and began to practise their music.
2．Now that you have nothing to lose, why don't you ____________ the music competition
3．She was unemployed last year. ____________， she had a serious disease. Life was tough for her.
4．He got injured last month. ____________ he often had a headache and was not capable of thinking clearly.
set up
try out for
In addition
From then on
5．The audience watched their performance _____________. It was very successful.
6．She had an unhappy family, which _________________ her previous life.
7．Thus she got treatment in the hospital. ________ she was cured of the disease.
8．____________ the conference we had discussed the issue among ourselves in order to express our idea clearly.
9．I _________ the target but hit the wall. It was just so embarrassing.
10．I can't keep you company right now, because I haven't ____________ my composition yet.
with satisfaction
had a great impact on
In relief
Previous to
aimed at
got through
Ⅳ.短文语法填空
I love music. It's 1.________ important part of my life. When I was very young, I fell in love 2.________ music. Every time I listened to it, my body would move to the music and I would feel 3.________ (relax). Particularly, I preferred a song 4.________ (call) Let the Music Heal Your Soul.
1．答案与解析：an　此处意为“音乐是我生命中重要的一部分”，泛指“一个部分”且important的读音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。
2．答案与解析：with'fall in love with“爱上”，是固定短语。
3．答案与解析：relaxed'此处表示人“感到放松的”，故用 -ed形容词。
4．答案与解析：called'song与call之间是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。
I think that a lot of young people have favorite songs and 5.________ (singer). When they see their idols face to face, they will say “thank you” to them, because their songs encourage these young people 6.________ (move) on in their dark days. The songs express positive messages to the public and encourage them not to give up.
5．答案与解析：singers'根据空格前的songs可知此处用名词的复数形式。
6．答案与解析：to move'encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事。
Listening to music is a good way for me to relax. Sometimes before I go to bed, I listen to some light music, 7.________ helps me to relax and sleep much 8.________ (well). I think the reason why adults like to meet in KTV after work also 9.________ (lie) in relaxing. They need to sing at the tops of their voices and shout and forget about the boring things. Music 10.________ (enjoy) by all of us and it plays an important part in our lives.
7．答案与解析：which'所填词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰light music，故用which。
8．答案与解析：better'much修饰形容词或副词的比较级。
9．答案与解析：lies'从句中the reason作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。根据上下文可知用一般现在时，故用lies。lie in意为“在于”。
10．答案与解析：is enjoyed'此处介绍一般情况，且music与enjoy之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。