云南省丽江市古城区第一高级中学2021-2022学年高一12月月考英语试卷(Word版含答案,无听力部分)

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名称 云南省丽江市古城区第一高级中学2021-2022学年高一12月月考英语试卷(Word版含答案,无听力部分)
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丽江市古城区第一高级中学2021-2022学年高一12月月考
英语试卷
A
The Daily News
By Robert Woodhouse Monday,27 December 2004
The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami(海啸)that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday,killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,and at least four other countries.Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a.m.,Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia's Sumatra Island.In that area alone,at least 1,870 people were killed.
In Sri Lanka,some 1,600 kilometres west of the quake centre,the number of deaths stood at 2,498,and one million more were affected by the tsunami,government officials said.Indian officials said as many as 1,900 had been killed along the southern coast.Another 254 were found dead in Thailand and 54 in three other countries.In southern Thailand,1,900 people were hurt and many more were missing,local officials said. "I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.We had to leave everything and run to safety," said Chandra Theeravit,a local Thai woman.
Thousands of people are still missing,and the number of deaths is expected to grow even higher over the next few days.Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countries.However,dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
1. When did the tsunami happen? ______
A. On 25 December 2004. B. On 26 December 2004.
C. On 27 December 2004. D. On 28 December 2004.
2. What caused the tsunami? ______
A. A powerful earthquake. B. Water pollution.
C. Global warming. D. Human behaviour.
3. Why would it be difficult to deliver food and supplies? ______
A. Because the aid from foreign countries was not enough.
B. Because the number of deaths was expected to grow higher.
C. Because more work was needed to search for missing people.
D. Because the condition was dangerous and roads were damaged.
B
Friends Reunited In 2011,retired bricklayer(砖瓦工)Joao,71,found a South American penguin lying on the rocks and close to death on his local beach,just outside Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.Joao cleaned the oil off the penguin's feathers,fed him a daily diet of fish to get his strength up and named him Dindim.
A week later,Joao tried to release the penguin back into the sea,but he just wouldn't leave.Joao took him out in his boat,went to a nearby island and released him.Later that day,the penguin was back in Joao's backyard.In the end,Dindim stayed with Joao for 11 months and then,"just after he changed his coat for new feathers,he disappeared," Joao explains.
In fact,Dindim returns to Joao's little beach in the summer every year-it's believed that the penguin prefers to visit the elderly man rather than migrate(迁徙)to the feeding areas of his species.
Joao recalls how the penguin continued to follow him home. "Everyone said he wouldn't return,but he has been coming back to visit me for the past four years," he says. "He arrives in June and leaves to go home in February and every year he becomes more affectionate(表示关爱的)as he appears even happier to see me." Now new pictures have emerged of Dindim visiting Joao in his village earlier this month.
When Dindim is staying with Joao,the two friends sometimes like to take a walk together down the beach-or sometimes Joao walks and Dindim swims alongside him. "I love the penguin like it's my own child and I believe the penguin loves me," Joao says. "No one else is allowed to touch him.He pecks(啄)them if they do.He lies on my lap,lets me give him showers and allows me to feed him sardines and to pick him up."
Who said there wasn't still some good news left in the world?
4. Where did Joao find Dindim at first? ______
A. In his boat. B. In his backyard.
C. On his local beach. D. On a nearby island.
5. What did Joao do after Dindim recovered? ______
A. He tried to set Dindim free.
B. He did nothing but keep feeding.
C. He tried to take a walk with Dindim.
D. He waited until Dindim changed his coat.
6. What do Joao and Dindim like to do when they are together? ______
A. They do some running down the beach.
B. They prefer to take a walk in the backyard.
C. They like to walk together down the beach.
D. They would like to swim in the sea together.
7. How can we describe their attachment to each other? ______
A. They feel happy with each other.
B. They are fond of working together.
C. They are attached with a big profit.
D. The penguin wants to be treated like a pet.
C
Anne Frank and her diary Throughout history,we can find examples of inspiring young people who showed courage and hope in times of extreme hardship.Anne Frank is one of them.Her diary is one of the most important diaries ever written.
Anne was born on 12 June,1929,in Frankfurt,Germany.Her family was Jewish.During World War Ⅱ,they had to live in a secret hiding place to escape the Nazi Holocaust (大屠杀).This was a time when the German Nazis were killing Jews.Around six million Jews died in the Holocaust.
Anne's father was a successful businessman in Germany.When the Nazi took control of the country in 1933,the Frank family moved to Amsterdam in Netherlands.Later,this city became unsafe,so Anne's father prepared some secret rooms above his offices.On 6 July,1942,Anne moved into this "secret annexe(辅楼)" with her parents,her older sister Margot,and four other Jewish people.
The annexe was small and crowded.Everyone had to be very quiet.They were often hungry and always afraid of being caught.To keep busy,Anne wrote in her diary.She described her daily life and her struggles,but also wrote about her hopes and dreams. "I don't think of all the misery," she wrote,"but of the beauty that still remains."
The family was in hiding for two years.During that time,Anne kept a diary and wrote in it almost every day.On 4 August,1944,the annexe was discovered and everyone hiding there were sent to labour camps(劳改营).Anne and her sister Margot died in a German camp in March 1945.Of all the people who had hidden in the annexe,only Otto Frank,Anne's father,survived.
Anne's diary was discovered by friends and returned to Otto Frank after the war.The diary was originally written in Dutch.Since then,it has been published in at least 67 languages and 31 million copies have been sold.The English version is called The Diary of a Young Girl.Today,the annexe building in Amsterdam where Anne and her family hid is a museum called Anne Frank House.
Although Anne's life in hiding was extremely difficult,her dairy reveals her positive attitude.For example,in 1944,she wrote,"In spite of everything I still believe that people are really good at heart."
Anne Frank's diary has inspired teenagers everywhere. "The good news," she wrote,"is that you don't know how great you can be,how much you can love,what you can accomplish,and what your potential is!"
8. What happened to Anne's family during World War Ⅱ? ______
A. They moved into the annexe with thousands of Jews.
B. They used their own money to help frightened children.
C. Anne's father recorded their lives in his diary almost daily.
D. They were forced to go into hiding to escape the Nazi Holocaust.
9. Why did Anne keep a diary and write in it almost every day? ______
A. To show love to her family.
B. To make her stories published.
C. To keep her busy and stay positive.
D. To record her childhood memories.
10. What is the Anne Frank House? ______
A. The office where Ann's father did business.
B. The building where Anne hid during the war.
C. A labour camp where Anne and her sister hid.
D. A building where Anne's diary was discovered.
11. What can be inferred from the text? ______
A. Anne wrote her diary originally in English.
B. The Diary of a Young Girl is a Chinese version.
C. Anne's diary is filled with plenty of cruel stories.
D. Anne's diary conveys a message of courage and hope.
D
The future of surgery is looking "remote." Doctors in China have directed the heart surgery(外科手术) of a patient hundreds of kilometers away,using a 5 G mobile Internet connection.This follows on from a surgeon who recently used the same technology to remotely control a surgical robot for an operation.
What makes long-distance surgery attractive is that leading specialists can help with operations without being present in the operating room.All they need is a fast Internet connection that can be trusted.Up till now,this was what they lacked.
On April 3,heart specialist Dr Guo directed surgery on a 41-year-old woman.She had a hole in her heart since birth.Guo and his expert team were in a hospital in Guangzhou,while the woman was almost 400 kilometres away in a hospital in Gaozhou.
To prepare for the operation,Guo and his team studied a 3 D model of the patient's heart,put together by artificial intelligence using medical images.Then they worked out a surgical plan.
Guo and his team used a live video conference link to instruct the operating team on where to make cuts and where to sew up.They could see the operation clearly.They also observed the operation from a camera placed inside the woman's chest.
"Advanced Internet technology can save our doctors a lot of time because they don't have to travel as much.They can use that time to save more lives," said Dr Zhang from a hospital in Guangzhou.
Following its success,this technique has been repeated several times all over China.Doctors far apart have had the chance to work together.
The 5 G network used in these operations is many times faster than the 4 G mobile Internet that we currently use.It can provide a more stable connection by greatly reducing signal delay.With 4 G,delays can be between 20 and 80 milliseconds(毫秒).With 5 G ,they drop to about 1 milliseconds.
This reduction isn't too important when there are human doctors at both ends of a connection.But it makes a huge difference during telesurgery when a doctor operates remotely with a robot.Recently,neurosurgeon(神经外科医师)Dr Ling used a surgical robot to insert a medical device into the brain of someone with Parkinson's disease.At the time,the surgeon was located in Hainan while the patient was in Beijing.Ling could not fly to Beijing immediately when his patient needed surgery.However,he was there "remotely",directing the robot to be his hands.
This is what the future of healthcare will look like.
12. What does the author mean by "The future of surgery is looking 'remote'."? ______
A. Surgeons can perform long-distance surgery quietly.
B. Surgeons can perform long-distance surgery using 5 G.
C. Surgeons have the remotest interest in long-distance surgery.
D. There is little chance to perform long-distance surgery with 5 G.
13. What is the advantage of 5 G network over 4 G network? ______
A. It is much faster and more stable.
B. It needs less power and is faster.
C. It is more environmental-friendly.
D. It costs less money and is more safe.
14. In what type of surgery is 5 G network particularly important? ______
A. Special surgery when surgeons insert a medical device into the brain.
B. Ordinary operation when human doctors at both ends of a connection.
C. Telesurgery when a doctor perform a long-distance operation with a robot.
D. Live operation when a video conference is linked with the operating team.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text? ______
A. What is 5 G wireless technology?
B. Future life with 5 G for Chinese doctors
C. Modern technology change lives greatly
D. Doctors in China do surgery over 5 G internet
Take charge of your health
As you get older,you're able to start making your own decision about a lot of things that matter most to you.You may choose your own clothes,music and friends. (1)
(2) Try to replace foods high in sugar,salt and unhealthy fats with fruits,vegetables,whole grains and low-fat protein foods.Make half of your plate fruits and vegetables.Dark green,red and orange vegetables have high levels of the nutrients you need.When you can,choose fresh or frozen fruits and veggies(蔬菜)over processed foods.Drink fat-free or low-fat milk and avoid sugary drinks.Soda,energy drinks,sweet tea and some juices have added sugars,a source of extra calories.
(3) You should be physically active for at least 60 minutes a day,3 days a week.Routine activities,such as cleaning your room or taking out the trash,may not get heart rate up the way biking or jogging does,but they are also good ways to keep you active on a regular basis.Fitness apps that you can download onto your computer,smartphone,or other mobile device can help you keep track of how active you are each day.
(4) You may also find that you make friends when you get active by joining a sports team or dance club.Try different kinds of group activities.Involve your friends and challenge them to be healthy with you.Sign up for active events together,like charity walks for fun runs.
(5) You need enough sleep to do well at school and work and to fight off infection.Not getting enough sleep may make you moody and irritable.If you're between 13 and 18 years old,you should get 8 to 10 hours of sleep each night.
Changing your habits can be hard and developing new habits takes time,but so long as you stay motivated,you will meet your goal.
A.You should give advice about health problems.
B.Physical activity should be part of your daily life.
C.Getting enough sleep is important for staying healthy.
D.You may also be ready to make decisions about your body and health.
E.Being active can be more fun with other people,like friends or family members.
F.People can maintain a lifestyle that includes a healthy diet,daily exercise and a low-stress life.
G.Healthy eating involves taking control of how much and what types of food you eat,as well as as the beverages you drink.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
Malaria Fighter's Path to Noble Prize In 2015,Tu Youyou,an 84-year-old woman,became the first Chinese scientist to win the Noble Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Born in Ningbo in 1930,Youyou was(21)after a verse(诗,韵文)in the Book of Song.When she left Ningbo and(22)to China's capital to further her studies in 1951,Tu chose medicine.After graduating from the School of Medicine at Peking University four years later,Tu(23)to work at China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine(now China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences).Then she got married and(24)down in Beijing.
In 1969,everything changed when Tu was tasked with searching for a new malaria(25)in nature.She went to Hainan,where the disease was widespread.In the hot and(26)rainforests of southern China,Tu studied the disease.
It was in ancient Chinese medicine that Tu found the key to(27)the disease.Back in Beijing,Tu and her team examined hundreds of books about traditional Chinese medicine and interviewed many(28)Chinese medical doctors to gather the necessary information.She(29) over 2,000 prescriptions(药方),summarising 640 of them in a single collection of anti-malarial prescriptions.After long hard research,Tu's team found the(30)in an ancient medical book,written by Ge Hong (284-364)of the East Jin dynasty,which(31)that sweet wormwood (Qinghao) was a treatment for malaria.
Tu's team started running test on the plant.At first,the results were mixed.(32)after much persistence(坚持),they found(33)in the plant that could treat malaria-artemisinin(青蒿提取物).They tested it on animals,but were not(34)as the results were not conclusive.In order to speed(35)the process,Tu decided to test artemisnin on herself. "As head of this research group it was my(36)" she said.The treatment worked and was safe for humans.Artemisnin became an important tool in the fight(37)malaria in Africa and Asia.Thanks to this discovery,millions of lives were saved.
"Of course,the(38)was a really happy moment in my career as a research," Tu said.A modest person,Tu speaks of her training in Chinese medicine and the help of her team as the(39)for her success.However,it was her passionate commitment(行为,贡献) to finding a cure that made the struggle (40).
21. A. told B. named C. believed D. asked
22. A. headed B. put C. passed D. ran
23. A. continued B. took C. started D. gave
24. A. began B. decided C. lived D. settled
25. A. tool B. research C. suggestion D. treatment
26. A. wet B. dry C. sandy D. stormy
27. A. facing B. finishing C. beating D. helping
28. A. active B. interested C. trained D. experienced
29. A. knew B. collected C. shared D. created
30. A. answer B. question C. information D. opinion
31. A. argued B. discussed C. stated D. talked
32. A. So B. But C. And D. Therefore
33. A. something B. nothing C. everything D. anything
34. A. thankful B. annoyed C. satisfied D. upset
35. A. up B. over C. off D. from
36. A. case B. duty C. order D. event
37. A. for B. with C. against D. along
38. A. change B. creation C. development D. discovery
39. A. examples B. reasons C. facts D. results
40. A. hopeless B. risky C. productive D. worthwhile
41. When I studied in Shanghai,I lived with a Chinese host family.Before leaving for China,I had learned strategies(策略)from the International Programs Office,an organization (1) helps prepare students to deal with various kinds of problems in a foreign culture. (2) , I still experienced culture shock during my stay.I had learned that many Chinese traditions focus on food but my first meal with the family completely took me (3) surprise.In the middle of the table were (4) (dish) of a variety of foods and small bowls of rice for each member of the family.My host mother took charge and (5) (place) food into my bowl,and I happily ate whatever was served.I was taught that finishing your plate was to show your host how much you enjoyed the meal,but my host mother tended to refill (6) (I)bowl every time it was empty.It seemed a bit odd to me.I later learned that finishing your bowl in China is (7) signal to the host that you would like more food.So (8) (leave)some food in the bowl to show you are quite full is also acceptable.My experience may illustrate(举例说明) the type of problems many exchange students are likely (9) (run)into when they first experience a foreign culture.My advice would be:keep an open mind,show respect and try to understand;you'll gain (10) (value) experience.
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When I started studying German,it is a struggle.I told my mum that I wanted to give up,and that I would never live in a country where German was speaking.My mum told me that study a language was not just for my future.It was exercise for the brain;the more I learnt of a language,the less my brain would grow.And I remember that day when I sudden felt like German was no longer a foreign language.It was felt like my brain had doubled in size.I could see the world from a differently point of view.I felt as if I had reached the goal I had been fighting.I could open a book and see meanings,not just a sea of word.I finally understood the reason that my mum had encouraged me not to give up.Thanks,Mum!
43. NOTICEDate:17th July
Time:3 p.m. -- 4 p.m.
Place:Room 306,Building 6
We'll hold a class meeting on "My Secrets to Success" this week.You are expected to share your own secrets to success in a certain field.Looking forward to your participation.
The Class Committee请阅读上述一则书面通知,回顾一次成功经历,写下自己的成功秘诀,准备在会上发言。要点如下:
1.选择一个你最愿意分享的成功经历;
2.列出至少三个有助于这一成就的因素。
注意:
1.字数 80-100;
2.结构:首先介绍你所取得的成就,然后解释其背后的原因。
3.参考表达:
There are several reasons / factors / causes for ...Several factors lead to ...
The first is ...The second is ...
One possible factor is ...Another possible factor is ...
Due to these reasons ...As a result ....
My Secrets to Success_____________
44.
答案
1.【答案】
【小题1】B 【小题2】A 【小题3】D
【解析】(1)B.细节理解题。根据副标题By Robert Woodhouse Monday,27 December 2004.罗伯特 伍德豪斯2004年12月27日星期一;以及第一段The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami(海啸)that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday,killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,and at least four other countries.昨日,过去40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸席卷了整个亚洲的海岸线,在印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚和至少其他四个国家造成6500多人死亡。可知,海啸是2004年12月26日发生的。故选B。
(2)A.细节理解题。根据第一段Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.9级强震引发的巨浪卷走了渔民、游客、酒店、住宅和汽车。可知,海啸的起因是强烈的地震。A.A powerful earthquake强烈地震;B.Water pollution水污染;C.Global warming全球变暖;D.Human behaviour人类行为。故选A。
(3)D.细节理解题。根据最后一段However,dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.然而,危险的环境和受损的道路将使粮食和供应品难以运送。可知,因为情况很危险,道路被破坏了导致运送食物和物资会很困难。故选D。
本文是一篇健康环保类阅读,主要介绍了2004年12月26日由强烈地震引发的海啸造成的破坏。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据。
4.【答案】
【小题1】C 【小题2】A 【小题3】C 【小题4】A
【解析】(1)C.细节理解题。根据第一段"In 2011,retired bricklayer(砖瓦工)Joao,71,found a South American penguin lying on the rocks and close to death on his local beach,just outside Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.(2011年,71岁的退休泥瓦匠若昂在巴西里约热内卢外的当地海滩上发现了一只躺在岩石上奄奄一息的南美企鹅。)"可知,若昂一开始是在他当地的海滩上发现丁丁的。故选C。
(2)A.细节理解题。根据第二段"A week later,Joao tried to release the penguin back into the sea,but he just wouldn't leave.(一周后,若昂试图将企鹅放回大海,但他就是不愿离开)"可知,丁丁康复后若昂试图让丁丁自由。故选A。
(3)C.细节理解题。根据最后一段"When Dindim is staying with Joao,the two friends sometimes like to take a walk together down the beach-or sometimes Joao walks and Dindim swims alongside him.(当丁丁和若昂住在一起时,这两个朋友有时喜欢一起沿着海滩散步--或者有时若昂和丁丁在一起游泳)"可知,若昂和丁丁在一起的时候喜欢一起沿着海滩散步。故选C。
(4)A.推理判断题。根据最后一段""I love the penguin like it's my own child and I believe the penguin loves me," Joao says. "No one else is allowed to touch him.He pecks(啄)them if they do.He lies on my lap,lets me give him showers and allows me to feed him sardines and to pick him up."("我爱这只企鹅,就像它是我自己的孩子一样,我相信这只企鹅也爱我,"若昂说。"任何人都不允许碰它。他啄啄他们如果他们做。它躺在我的腿上,让我给它洗澡,让我喂它沙丁鱼,让我抱它。")"可推断,他们彼此感到幸福。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了71岁的退休泥瓦匠若昂和企鹅丁丁彼此依恋的故事。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据。
8.【答案】
【小题1】D 【小题2】C 【小题3】B 【小题4】D
【解析】(1)D.细节理解题。根据第二段"During World War II,they had to live in a secret hiding place to escape the Nazi Holocaust (大屠杀).(第二次世界大战期间,为了躲避纳粹大屠杀,他们不得不住在一个秘密藏身处。)"可知,二战期间安妮的家庭被迫躲藏起来以逃避纳粹大屠杀。故选D。
(2)C.细节理解题。根据第四段"To keep busy,Anne wrote in her diary.(为了保持忙碌,安妮在日记中写道。)"可知,安妮坚持写日记,而且几乎每天都写的原因是为了让她忙起来,保持积极。故选C。
(3)B.细节理解题。根据倒数第三段"Today,the annexe building in Amsterdam where Anne and her family hid is a museum called Anne Frank House.(是的,安妮和她的家人藏在阿姆斯特丹的附属建筑是一个叫做安妮 弗兰克之家的博物馆。)"可知,安妮 弗兰克之家是战争期间安妮藏过的那座建筑。故选B。
(4)D.推理判断题。根据最后一段"Anne Frank's diary has inspired teenagers everywhere. "The good news," she wrote, "is that you don't know how great you can be,how much you can love,what you can accomplish,and what your potential is !"(安妮 弗兰克的日记鼓舞了世界各地的青少年。"好消息是,"她写道,"你不知道你可以变得多伟大,你可以爱得多深,你可以成就什么,你的潜力是什么!")"可推断,安妮的日记传达了勇气和希望的信息。故选D。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了安妮写日记的历史背景,原因和它的影响。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据。
12.【答案】
【小题1】B 【小题2】A 【小题3】C 【小题4】D
【解析】(1)B.句意理解题。根据第一段"The future of surgery is looking "remote." Doctors in China have directed the heart surgery(外科手术) of a patient hundreds of kilometers away,using a 5 G mobile Internet connection.(外科手术的未来看起来很"遥远"。中国医生利用5 G移动互联网连接,指导数百公里外的一名患者进行心脏手术。)"可知,作者说"外科手术的未来看起来很‘遥远'"是指外科医生可以使用5 G进行远程手术。故选B。
(2)A.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"The 5 G network used in these operations is many times faster than the 4 G mobile Internet that we currently use.It can provide a more stable connection by greatly reducing signal delay.(在这些业务中使用的5 G网络比我们目前使用的4 G移动互联网快很多倍。它可以提供一个更稳定的连接,大大减少信号延迟。)"可知,与4 G网络相比,5 G网络优势在于它更快更稳定。故选A。
(3)C.细节理解题。根据最后一段"This reduction isn't too important when there are human doctors at both ends of a connection.But it makes a huge difference during telesurgery when a doctor operates remotely with a robot.(当连接两端都有人类医生时,这种减少并不太重要。但在远程手术中,当医生用机器人进行远程操作时,情况就大不一样了。)"可知,5 G网络在远程手术,即医生用机器人进行远程的手术中特别重要。故选C。
(4)D.标题归纳题。根据全文可知,文章主要介绍了中国医生利用5 G快速且稳定的网络进行远程手术,描述了5 G对于远程手术的利用情况和优势以及发展前景。再结合第一段"The future of surgery is looking "remote." Doctors in China have directed the heart surgery(外科手术) of a patient hundreds of kilometers away,using a 5 G mobile Internet connection.(外科手术的未来看起来很"遥远"。中国医生利用5 G移动互联网连接,指导数百公里外的一名患者进行心脏手术。)"可知,"Doctors in China do surgery over 5 G internet(中国医生通过5 G网络进行手术)"作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了5 G对于远程手术的利用情况和优势以及发展前景。
1.直接信息题:
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息,选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。
2.间接信息题:
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息,但在语言表达上与原文有差异,做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。
3.综合信息题:
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话,可能是原文的几句话,或者是散落在文章不同的地方,要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析,而不能断章取义。
16.【答案】
【小题1】D 【小题2】G 【小题3】B 【小题4】E 【小题5】C
【解析】(1)D.推理判断题。根据前文"As you get older,you're able to start making your own decision about a lot of things that matter most to you.(随着年龄的增长,你开始能够自己决定很多对你来说最重要的事情。)"和下文主要讲述的是健康的饮食习惯,可知,我们也可以决定自己的身体健康。D选项"You may also be ready to make decisions about your body and health.(你可能也准备好对你的身体和健康做出决定。)"符合题意,故选D。
(2)G.推理判断题。根据下文"Try to replace foods high in sugar,salt and unhealthy fats with fruits,vegetables,whole grains and low-fat protein foods.Make half of your plate fruits and vegetables.Dark green,red and orange vegetables have high levels of the nutrients you need.When you can,choose fresh or frozen fruits and veggies(蔬菜)over processed foods.Drink fat-free or low-fat milk and avoid sugary drinks.Soda,energy drinks,sweet tea and some juices have added sugars,a source of extra calories.(试着用水果、蔬菜、全谷物和低脂肪蛋白质食物来代替高糖、高盐和不健康脂肪的食物。让你盘子里的水果和蔬菜占一半。深绿色、红色和橙色的蔬菜富含你所需的营养。如果可以的话,选择新鲜或冷冻的水果和蔬菜,而不是加工食品。喝无脂或低脂牛奶,避免含糖饮料。苏打水、能量饮料、甜茶和一些果汁都添加了糖,这是额外热量的来源。)"可知,本段主要讲述的是健康饮食。G选项"Healthy eating involves taking control of how much and what types of food you eat,as well as as the beverages you drink.(健康的饮食包括控制你吃多少、吃什么以及喝什么饮料。)"符合题意,故选G。
(3)B.推理判断题。根据下文"You should be physically active for at least 60 minutes a day,3 days a week.(你应该每周运动3天,每天至少60分钟。)"可知,要注重体育锻炼。B选项"Physical activity should be part of your daily life.(体育活动应该成为你日常生活的一部分。)"符合题意,故选B。
(4)E.细节理解题。根据下文"You may also find that you make friends when you get active by joining a sports team or dance club.(你也会发现,当你积极参加运动队或舞蹈俱乐部时,你会交到朋友。)"可知,本段主要讲述要积极参加活动。E选项"Being active can be more fun with other people,like friends or family members.(和其他人在一起时,比如朋友或家人,保持活跃会更有趣。)"符合题意,故选E。
(5)C.推理判断题。根据后文"You need enough sleep to do well at school and work and to fight off infection.(你需要足够的睡眠来在学校和工作中表现良好,并对抗感染。)"可知,本段讲述的是睡眠对健康的重要性。C选项"Getting enough sleep is important for staying healthy.(充足的睡眠对保持健康很重要。)"符合题意,故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们需要健康饮食,适量运动,积极参加活动和充足睡眠来保持身心健康。
选句填空类阅读理解题材广泛,所以学生要拓展知识面,关心时事,学习之余,增加阅读面。做此类题型,要通读全文,了解常见写作顺序,重点理解空白处前后的句子,关注段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系,如:并列、转折、因果关系及其它关系。把握意思的连贯性、逻辑性,锁定线索词,认真阅读选项,排除迷惑项,确定选项后,再快速泛读全文,确保文章上下衔接流畅,选项有据可依。
21.【答案】
【小题1】B 【小题2】A 【小题3】C 【小题4】D 【小题5】D
【小题6】A 【小题7】C 【小题8】D 【小题9】B 【小题10】A
【小题11】C 【小题12】B 【小题13】A 【小题14】C 【小题15】A
【小题16】B 【小题17】C 【小题18】D 【小题19】B 【小题20】D
【解析】(1)B.考查动词及语境理解。A.told告诉;B.named命名;C.believed相信;D.asked问。name after以……命名。句意:呦呦,1930年生于宁波,以《诗经》中的一句诗命名。根据后文"a verse (诗,韵文) in the Book of Song."可知,屠呦呦的名字是以《诗经》中的一句诗命名。故选B。
(2)A.考查动词及语境理解。A.headed前往;B.put放;C.passed通过;D.ran跑。句意:1951年,屠呦呦离开宁波前往中国首都继续深造,她选择了医学。根据"When she left Ningbo"可知,屠呦呦前往中国首都继续深造学习医学。故选A。
(3)C.考查动词及语境理解。A.continued继续;B.took带来;C.started开始;D.gave给予。句意:四年后,屠呦呦从北京大学医学院毕业,开始在中国中医科学院(现在的中国中医科学院)工作。根据后文"After graduating from the School of Medicine at Peking University four years later,"可知,屠呦呦毕业之后开始到中国中医科学院工作。故选C。
(4)D.考查动词及语境理解。A.began开始;B.decided决定;C.lived生活;D.settled定居。settle down定居。句意:后来她结婚了,在北京定居下来。根据前文"Then she got married"可知,屠呦呦婚后在北京定居。故选D。
(5)D.考查名词及语境理解。A.tool工具;B.research研究;C.suggestion建议;D.treatment治疗。句意:1969年,屠呦呦然受命在自然界寻找新的疟疾治疗方法,一切都变了。根据后文"She went to Hainan,where the disease was widespread."可知,屠呦呦受命到海南寻找新的疟疾治疗方法。故选D。
(6)A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.wet湿的;B.dry干的;C.sandy含沙的;D.stormy暴风雨的。句意:屠呦呦在中国南方湿热的热带雨林中研究了这种疾病。根据后文"rainforests of southern China,"可知,中国南方的热带雨林又湿又热。故选A。
(7)C.考查动词及语境理解。A.facing面对;B.finishing完成;C.beating打败;D.helping帮助。句意:屠呦呦在古代中医中发现了战胜疾病的关键。根据前文"Tu found the key"可知,屠呦呦发现了战胜疾病的关键。故选C。
(8)D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.active积极的;B.interested有趣的;C.trained训练过的;D.experienced有经验的。句意:回到北京后,屠呦呦和她的团队检查了数百本关于中医的书籍,并采访了许多经验丰富的中医医生,以收集必要的信息。根据后文"to gather the necessary information."可知,屠呦呦和她的团队寻访许多经验丰富的中医医生。故选D。
(9)B.考查动词及语境理解。A.knew知道;B.collected收集;C.shared分享;D.created创造。句意:她收集了2000多张处方,将其中640张归纳为一个单一的抗疟疾处方集合。根据前文 "Back in Beijing,Tu and her team examined hundreds of books about traditional Chinese medicine and interviewed many ____(8)____ Chinese medical doctors to gather the necessary information."可知,屠呦呦收集了2000多张处方。故选B。
(10)A.考查名词及语境理解。A.answer答案;B.question问题;C.information信息;D.opinion观点。句意:经过长期艰苦的研究,屠呦呦的团队在东晋葛洪(284-364)写的一本古代医学书中找到了答案,书中说青蒿可以治疗疟疾。根据后文"which ____(11)___ that sweet wormwood (Qinghao) was a treatment for malaria."可知,屠呦呦的团队在一本古代医学书中找到了答案。故选A。
(11)C.考查动词及语境理解。A.argued争论;B.discussed讨论;C.stated陈述;D.talked交谈。句意:经过长期艰苦的研究,屠呦呦的团队在东晋葛洪(284-364)写的一本古代医学书中找到了答案,书中说青蒿可以治疗疟疾。根据后文"that sweet wormwood (Qinghao) was a treatment for malaria."可知,这里指书中所陈述的内容。故选C。
(12)B.考查连词或副词及语境理解。A.So因此;B.But但是;C.And并且;D.Therefore因此。句意:但经过长期坚持,他们在这种植物中发现了治疗疟疾的药物——青蒿提取物。前后句之间为转折关系,所以用转折连词but。故选B。
(13)A.考查代词及语境理解。A.something某事;B.nothing什么也没有;C.everything一切;D.anything任何事。句意:但经过长期坚持,他们在这种植物中发现了治疗疟疾的药物---青蒿提取物。根据后文"that could treat malaria-artemisinin."可知,屠呦呦在植物中发现了一些可以治疗疟疾的东西。故选A。
(14)C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.thankful感谢的;B.annoyed恼怒的;C.satisfied满意的;D.upset沮丧的。句意:他们在动物身上进行了试验,但并不满意,因为结果没有定论。根据后文"as the results were not conclusive."可知,屠呦呦团队对实验并不满意。故选C。
(15)A.考查介词及语境理解。A.up向上;B.over遍及;C.off离开;D.from来自。speed up加速。句意:为了加快这一过程,屠呦呦决定在自己身上试验青蒿素。根据后文"Tu decided to test artemisnin on herself."可知,屠呦呦为了加快实验过程。故选A。
(16)B.考查名词及语境理解。A.case情况;B.duty责任;C.order命令;D.event事件。句意:"作为这个研究小组的负责人,这是我的职责,"她说。根据前文"As head of this research group"可知,因为屠呦呦是负责人,所以这是她的责任。故选B。
(17)C.考查介词及语境理解。A.for为了;B.with和……一起;C.against反对;D.along沿着。句意:青蒿素成为非洲和亚洲抗击疟疾的重要工具。fight against抗击。根据后文 "Thanks to this discovery,millions of lives were saved."可知,青蒿素成为抗击疟疾的重要工具。故选C。
(18)D.考查名词及语境理解。A.change改变;B.creation创造;C.development发展;D.discovery发现。句意:"当然,这一发现是我研究生涯中非常幸福的时刻,"屠呦呦说。根据"Thanks to this discovery,millions of lives were saved."可知,屠呦呦对自己的发现很自豪。故选D。
(19)B.考查名词及语境理解。A.examples例子;B.reasons原因;C.facts事实;D.results结果。句意:屠呦呦是一个谦虚的人,她说自己接受的中医培训和团队的帮助是她成功的原因。根据前文 "Tu speaks of her training in Chinese medicine and the help of her team"可知,屠呦呦把成功的原因归咎于自己接受的中医培训和她的团队。故选B。
(20)D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.hopeless无望的;B.risky冒险的;C.productive多产的;D.worthwhile值得的。句意:然而,正是她满腔热情地致力于寻找治疗方法,才使这场斗争有了价值。根据前文"it was her passionate commitment (行为,贡献) to finding a cure"可知,正是因为成功,所以与疟疾的斗争是价值的。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了疟疾斗士屠呦呦通往诺贝尔奖之路。
做完形填空首先要通读全文,了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格,所以,必须先通读一至两遍,才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句,做一句。其次要逐句分析,前后一致。选择答案时,要考虑整个句子的内容,包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后,再通读一遍文章,检查是否通顺流畅,用词得当,意思正确。
41.【答案】【小题1】that / which
【小题2】However
【小题3】by
【小题4】dishes
【小题5】placed
【小题6】my
【小题7】a
【小题8】leaving
【小题9】to run
【小题10】valuable
【解析】(1)that / which.考查定语从句。句意:在去中国之前,我从国际项目办公室学到了一些策略,这是一个帮助学生应对外国文化中各种问题的组织。分析句子可知,此处引导定语从句,先行词为organization,在从句中作主语,故填that/which。
(2)However.考查副词。句意:然而,在我逗留期间,我仍然经历了文化冲击。结合句意可知,前后为转折关系,置于句首,首字母大写,故填However。
(3)by.考查介词。句意:我了解到许多中国传统注重食物,但我和家人一起吃的第一顿饭让我大吃一惊。by surprise表示"出乎意料"符合句意,故填by。
(4)dishes.考查名词。句意:桌子中间摆着各式各样的食物和一碗米饭供每个家庭成员吃。结合句意和were可知,此处用名词的复数形式,故填dishes。
(5)placed.考查动词时态。句意:我的寄宿母亲负责把食物放进我的碗里,我高兴地吃了碗里所有的东西。结合句意和took可知,句子用一般过去时,故填placed。
(6)my.考查形容词性物主代词。句意:有人告诉我,吃完你的盘子就是向主人展示你有多喜欢这顿饭,但我的主人妈妈总是在我的碗空的时候给我添满。分析句子可知,此处修饰名词bowl,故用形容词性物主代词,故填my。
(7)a.考查冠词。句意:后来我了解到,在中国吃完碗里的饭是向主人发出的一个信号,表示你想要更多的食物。结合句意可知,此处表示泛指,故用不定冠词,signal为辅音音素开头的单词,故填a。
(8)leaving.考查动名词。句意:所以在碗里放一些食物来表示你已经吃饱了也是可以接受的。分析句子可知,此处用动名词作主语,故填leaving。
(9)to run.考查动词不定式。句意:我的经验可以说明许多交换生在第一次体验外国文化时可能遇到的问题。be likely to do表示"可能做某事"符合句意,故填to run。
(10)valuable.考查形容词。句意:我的建议是:保持开放的心态,表现出尊重并努力去理解;你会获得宝贵的经验。分析句子可知,此处修饰名词experience,形容词修饰名词,故填valuable。
本文为记叙文,主要讲述作者第一次体验外国文化时遇到的问题。
解答此类题目应先浏览全文,概括大意,再根据句子间的提示以及括号内的汉语提示或首字母提示,依据语法规则和行为逻辑来推测并填写合适的词语。
42.【答案】When I started studying German,it is a struggle.I told my mum that I wanted to give up,and that I would never live in a country where German was speaking.My mum told me that study a language was not just for my future.It was exercise for the brain;the more I learnt of a language,the less my brain would grow.And I remember that day when I sudden felt like German was no longer a foreign language.It was felt like my brain had doubled in size.I could see the world from a differently point of view.I felt as if I had reached the goal I had been fighting∧.I could open a book and see meanings,not just a sea of word.I finally understood the reason that my mum had encouraged me not to give up.Thanks,Mum!
详解:
1.is改为was.考查时态。句意:当我开始学习德语时,它不是一件易事。根据时间状语中的动词started可知,事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故is改为was。
2.speaking改为spoken.考查语态。句意:我告诉我妈妈我想放弃而且我永远不会住在一个说德语的国家。主语German与speak之间为被动关系,所以应用被动语态。根据动词前的was可知,此处应用过去分词,故speaking改为spoken。
3.study改为studying.考查动名词。句意:我妈妈告诉我,学习一门语言不仅仅是为了我的未来。分析句子结构可知,这里是宾语从句的主语,应用动名词短语作主语,故study改为studying。
4.less改为more.考查比较级。句意:一种语言我学得越多,我的大脑就会越发达。根据句意可知,学得越多,大脑越发达,故less改为more。
5.sudden改为suddenly.考查副词。句意:我还记得那天我突然觉得德语不再是外语了。动词felt前应用副词修饰,故sudden改为suddenly。
6.去掉felt前的was.考查语态。句意:我感到我的大脑变大了一倍。feel like表示"(感到)像是……(的样子)",这里表示事物给人的感觉,没有被动含义,故去掉felt前的was。
7.differently改为different.考查形容词。句意:我可以从不同的角度看世界。名词point前应用形容词修饰,故differently改为different。
8.fighting后加for.考查介词。句意:我觉得我好像达到了我一直为之奋斗的目标。分析可知,这是省略了引导词的定语从句,先行词为the goal,完整从句是I had been fighting for the goal,fight for"为……奋斗",固定短语,故在fighting后加for。
9.word改为words.考查名词的数。句意:打开一本书,我就能理解其中的含义,而不仅仅是一片文字的海洋。word"单词,词",可数名词,根据句中的a sea of(大量的)可知,应用复数形式,故word改为words。
10.that改为why.考查引导词。句意:我终于明白了妈妈鼓励我不要放弃的原因。分析可知,此处为定语从句,先行词为the reason,在定语从句中作原因状语,所以应用关系副词why引导,故that改为why。
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在母亲鼓励下努力学习德语并学有所成的故事。
短文改错是一项综合技能,考查学生对语言的综合运用能力。该题型要求学生在阅读中敏锐地发现、判断、纠正语篇中的词法、句法及语法问题。
43.【答案】My Secrets to Success
Everybody wants to succeed.Everybody has his or her success story.I am sharing with you my experience as a young speaker who made a speech before the public.【高分句型一】(点明主题)
Before giving that talk,I used to be a shy girl.I was afraid to express myself anywhere.But at that time I don't have to be afraid of public speaking.Finally,I made it!(分享成功经历)There are several reasons for my success.The first is full preparation.I wrote my main points on cue cared,which helped me a lot.The second factor is more practice.I practiced again and again before giving the speech,making sure I would sound fluent.【高分句型二】Another possible factor is keeping calm.I breathed deeply several times before I began the speech.(列出有助于这一成就的因素)
Due to these reasons,I have overcome my fear of public speaking.This success story has influence me greatly.(影响)
【解析】高分句型一
I am sharing with you my experience as a young speaker who made a speech before the public.
分析:句子里,代指先行词a young speaker,关系词who引导定语从句made a speech before the public.
翻译:我和大家分享我作为一名年轻演讲者在公众面前发表演讲的经历。
高分句型二
I practiced again and again before giving the speech,making sure I would sound fluent.
分析:句子里,现在分词making sure I would sound fluent作伴随状语。
翻译:在演讲之前,我反复练习,确保自己的声音流利。
这是一篇提纲作文,需要写的内容已经给出,但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译,而是要添加些内容,使文章看起来更充实,要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文,一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题,给出的要点都需要包括,缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态,上下文意思连贯,符合逻辑关系,不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式,同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数,不要太多也不要太少。
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