中考英语答题秘籍+典题精例：阅读理解

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
英语选择型阅读理解答题方法
题型概述
阅读理解是英语必考题和最常见 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的题型, 也是分值比重最大的题型，而选择型阅读理解是最普遍的。顾名思义，阅读理解考查的就是阅读能力和理解能力，即通过阅读，思维、分析和判断的能力。
选择型阅读理解所给材料有 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )短文和图表等，词数200～300左右不等。体裁涉及记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文等，话题涉及方方面面。命题形式一般有信息提示题、细节理解题、词义猜测题、推理判断题、主旨大意题、观点态度题等。
答题方法
速读、通读与查读相结合，掌握短文大意，运用基础知识和综合运用能力进行分析判断。
★瞻前顾后
看短文的开头和结尾，从而 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )确定短文的题材，预测其内容。短文的主题句一般安排在文章的开头或结尾，而每段的首句往往会提供重要的信息，尾句一般作为对全篇的总结。所以，要寻找短文的主旨大意，就需要留意短文的首句和尾句，这样就有助于搜索各段落以至整篇短文的大意。【版权所有：21教育】
★带题阅读
看短文后所给题目，再带着问题去读短文。阅读理解短文相对来说事实细节
题稍多一点，如果带着问题读文章，就会有利于抓住细节。
★整体阅读
对短文从从头至尾加以快速理解地阅读，阅读时要抓住关键词，寻找出重要信息，对信息进行筛选，然后把握它们之间的相互联系，弄清文章的大意。21*cnjy*com
★查读解题
根据已知的短文内容，着手解题。可先将后面的题 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )目看一下，然后带着问题再去阅读，边阅读边解题，这样做一方面有助于对文章的进一步理解，另一方面可以有针对性地从文章中寻找答案。
★复读核实
迅速复读短文，检查自己的理解是否正确，逻辑思维是否严密， 所选答案前后是否矛盾，答案是否有误；对有疑问的答案仔细斟酌，最后核实确定答案。
实战演练
Passage 1
Money is not everyt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hing and there is something else that money can’t buy, but you can’t do anything without money. What’s more valuable than money to you 21教育网
In order to make a liv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing, I had to work two jobs. I was raising my 6-year-old alone. I have been working hard although I was very tired. And I hoped my son and I could have a better life. Every night, my son and I would spend some time together and tried to make him happy, but he seemed to feel that I was under much stress, even though I tried to hide it from him. One Saturday night, I told him a story before we went to bed. The story was about a family with everything－a beautiful house with a big garden and swimming pool, a new car and so on. I knew it was too far away from what we had. Tears came to my eyes and I turned away from my son, I didn’t want him to see me like this.21*cnjy*com
My young, but ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) very wise little boy seemed to read my mind and said to me with a smile, “mom, don’t cry. This family may have a lot of things, but you know we are also very rich, I am very satisfied and have been very happy.”
I turned to l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ook at him and didn’t fully understand what he meant. He went on to say, “we may not have a lot, but we have each other, and best of all, we love each other with all our hearts. Money can’t buy that.”
What my son said shock ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed me. I smiled and said happily, “let me give you an infinity(无限的) kiss.”
根据短文内容，从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案。
( )1. The underlined word “raising” means “______ ” in Chinese.2·1·c·n·j·y
A. 抚养 B. 喂养 C. 培养 D. 教养
( )2. We can learn that the writer’s son ______.
A. loved his mother very much B. felt satisfied with their life
C. wanted to make his mother happy D. understood his mother so much
( )3. What can we infer according to the passage 【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
A. The father of the writer’s son was dead.
B. The writer and her son depended on each other.
C. The writer wanted to be richer and happier.
D. The writer hoped to give her son everything.
( )4. Which of the following is True
A. Money is as important as love.
B. The writer and her son live a hard life.
C. Love can make life better.
D. The writer’s kiss to her son moved the readers.21cnjy.com
( )5. The best title of this passage is _____.21·cn·jy·com
A. The Importance of Money C. Expecting for Good Life
C. The Value of Love D. Love of Each Other
Passage 2
Nick was a curious ch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ild. One night, he quietly went into his grandfather’s storeroom to see what was in it. He stood on the chair and picked up a box. In the box his grandfather had kept many watches bought from different countries. While getting down from the chair, Nick’s arm struck(碰撞) against the chair. The box fell from his hands onto the floor so that all the watches were scattered(分散的) all around. To his shock, he found the glass of his grandfather’s favorite expensive watch broken. Nick got frightened and picked up the pieces of glass from the floor.
Nick thought, “how ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n I tell my grandfather the truth If I tell him, he will be very angry with me. But if I don’t, he won’t know. ” Nick was so nervous that his heart started beating faster. He put the broken watch back into the box and placed the box back on the shelf. He couldn’t fall asleep all night. 21世纪教育网版权所有
The next morning, Nic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k get up the courage to tell his grandfather everything and admit his fault. His grandfather looked very calm and said nothing to Nick. He went over to the storeroom. After a while his grandfather came back from the storeroom, and said to Nick, “I’m very angry that you have broken my valuable watch. It was given to me by your grandmother when we got married forty years ago. But you need not worry. Only the glass is broken. I will have it replaced.”
And finally, Nick’ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s grandfather added, “you dare to tell me the truth, you’re really a good child who don’t tell lies.” Nick felt very relaxed. He gave his grandfather a grateful look.
1. The underlined word “curious” means ______.
A. new and strange B. magical and funny
C. lovely and exciting D. special and unusual
2. Nick couldn’t sleep all night because ______.
A. he broke the watch. B. he felt nervous. 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
C. he was afraid o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f his grandfather. D. he did something wrong
3. We can kno ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w that Nick’s grandfather hoped he not make mistakes again.
A. reminded him not ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to enter the storeroom. B. reminded him to tell the truth
C. hoped he admitted ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his mistake D. hoped he not make a mistake again
4. The order in which Nick’s mood changes is ______.www-2-1-cnjy-com
①frightened ②curious ③worried ④relaxed ⑤confused
A. ①③②⑤④ B. ②①⑤④③ C. ③②⑤①④ D. ④③①②⑤
5. The writer want to tell us ______.
A. not to tell a lie B. not to hide the truth
C. to dare to admit fault D. to be an honest child
Passage 1
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，作者主要讲述了和儿子独自生活的感人故事，阐释了爱的价值。
【答 案】1～5 ADBDC
【解 析】
1. A 词义猜测题。根据短文第二段前四 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句可知，作者独自一人为了生活努力工作，其儿子只有6岁，并且作者希望和儿子能有一个更好的生活。联系常理可推测出一个只有6岁的小孩需要父母抚育和教养，所以画线单词“raising”意为“抚养”。故选A。
2. D 事实细节题。作者独自和儿子 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )生活，为了生活努力工作，希望有一个更好的生活；懂事的儿子劝慰其母亲；儿子说话时的笑和作者听到儿子所言后的泪的反衬。这些都足以说明作者的儿子非常理解其母亲。故选D。 21·世纪*教育网
3. B 分析判断题。作者和儿子 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的生活状况，懂事的儿子对母亲的理解和劝慰，以及母亲的感动和对儿子的感激之情(吻)，这些都是文中他们生活中活生生的描述，足以说明作者和儿子生活不易而相依为命。故选B。【出处：21教育名师】
4. D 态度观点题。作者独自和儿子相 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )依为命，儿子的笑和作者的哭，儿子的理解和劝慰，作者给儿子的吻，彼此心底的爱。毫无疑问，作者给儿子的吻是故事的高潮和结局，且这些事实都是真情流露，不仅感动作者，更能感动读者，所以D项“作者对儿子的吻感动了读者。”说法正确。故选D。21教育名师原创作品
5. C 主旨大意题。本 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文首段就以反问的方式提出了短文的主旨：还有什么比钱更有价值？ 全文都是围绕这个观点用事实阐述了爱的尊贵和意义，选项中The Value of Love意为“爱的价值”，无疑是短文的最佳标题。故选C。2-1-c-n-j-y
Passage 2
【文章大意】本文讲述了Nick敢于承担责任和承认错误的勇气和精神，告诉我们要做一个诚实的人。
【答 案】1～5 ABDCD
【解 析】
1. A 词义猜测题。下一句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )提到他悄悄地走进祖父的储藏室，想看看里面有什么。由此可知Nick对储藏室感到很神秘，说明了他对事物感到新奇，据此即可猜测出画线单词curious意为“好奇的”，new and strange意为“新奇”，是对curious的释义。故选A。
2. B 信息提示题。Nick因为打破手表而害怕，因为害怕又导致心理紧张而无法入睡。故选B。
3. D 细节理解题。最后一段Nick的爷爷所说的话表面上是夸奖他，其实暗藏的信息是希望他不要再犯错误。故选D。www.21-cn-jy.com
4. C 归纳总结题。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )通读全文可知：首先Nick因为好奇而进入储藏室，然后打破手表感到害怕，接下来是该不该向爷爷告诉真相时的困惑，以及告诉真相后的担忧，到最后爷爷的宽容和夸奖而感到放松，所以Nick的情绪变化的顺序是：好奇→害怕→困惑→担忧→放松。故选C。
5. D 作者意图题。文中先提到Nick敢告 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )诉他爷爷真相，并承认错误，联系最后一段他爷爷所说的“……敢说实话，是个不说谎的好孩子”即可推测出作者想告诉我们的是“做一个诚实的孩子”。故选D。
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