中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
编者小注：
本专辑专为2022年上海新高考英语二轮总复习及1月春考准备。
说说编写思路：
版块一：冲刺讲义10讲，注重方法性学习， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )对于知识的拆解全面到位，选题主要根据上海官方公布的近五年级春秋考真题试题为主，近两年一二模测试及今年最新期中试题为辅。
版块二：专练8讲，注重常考题型，高频考点的训练，数十篇选材均选于近两年上海高三四校、八金刚及十三名校之真题
版块三：模拟满分卷4套，供大家在完成以上讲练后进行整体测试，满分140分。
希望助上海的莘莘学子在求学路上一臂之力。
专练2：十一选十特训30篇（学生版）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
（2021·上海大学附属中学高三期中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．healing B． ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )priorit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ize C．assigned D．symbolizing E. secondary F. peculiarG. featuring H. engaged I. patterned J. followed K. embracing
The Healing Power of Art
Dreams have no age lim ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )it. A 79 year old lady who restarts her life by painting proves that it is never too late to 1． oneself.
Meeting the 77-year-o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld Li Yufeng at her workshop in the Lingang Special Area, I am soon infected by her energy and passion. 2． pumpkins, Hami melons, pebbles and playing cards, a number of her paintings hang on the walls. All her works are inspired by the everyday things in her life. As the Mid-Autumn Festival has just passed when we meet, Li's latest works portrays a moon-cake 3． with a dragon and phoenix.
Natural and peaceful, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her paintings have 4． power. They enable viewers to feel the beauty of small things, which we easily ignore in our daily lives. Last year, she was invited to hold a painting exhibition at the Xuhui Art Museum. To many people's surprise, Li 5． with art just three years ago.
Li spent her ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) childhood in the confusion of civil war. Her father was 6． to Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region as a teacher in a middle school, and Li and her mother 7． him to the land of rugged mountains and vast desert basins.
"The green lawn an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d the camphor tree in front of our house in Human have always been impressed in my childhood memories," said Yin.
8． prosperity and fres ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hness, green is Li's favorite color, which she frequently uses in her paintings. She recalls that she wore a green tweed coat on her wedding day in 1963.
Li used to w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ork as an electric welde（r 电焊工）. Lacking proper eye protection, the flash from the welding equipment eventually damaged her vision. However, that hasn't stopped her from 9． colors.
Li became fully enga ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ged in painting after her husband's passing away in 2017. Painting brought her into the present moment and let her forget the pain of losing her husband and her diseases. In the flow of painting, it is hard to dwell on so many troubles. For Li, her improved painting skills are 10． to the joy that art brings her.
（2021·上海市复兴高级中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )学高三期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．thread B．ill ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ustrate C．breaks D．films E. engage F. secondG. favored H. constantly I. embracing J. considerably K. certified
Learning for a Distracted Generation
Today's students hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e a problem, and it is not the one written on the board. They were born into a world where algorithms (算法) keep them clicking, scrolling and swiping at a rapid pace. Technology, smartphones, social media, and immediate access to the internet are hurting their ability to focus and changing the way they think.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
Now teachers have a p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )roblem too. They find it particularly exhausting to ask students to read complex or long texts without taking regular 11．. Smartphones have clearly affected the younger generation, but how education should evolve for digital-native students was not something that was covered when they were getting 12． . 【版权所有：21教育】
A common 13． ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )among teachers is that short is good. When students can't seem to pay attention to long lectures, many teachers simply hack lessons into smaller chunks (模块). In fact, students need time to 14． with a topic once the teacher introduces it before moving on. Switching between small lessons too quickly could rob them of valuable comprehension.
A 2018 study from ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )educational publisher Pearson found that students aged between 10 and 24 tend to stay away from physical books. They prefer video as a source of information 15． only to teachers. Therefore, some tech-forward teachers choose to “meet kids where they are" on platforms such as YouTube and Instagram. Asha Choksi, vice president of global research at Pearson, gives the example of a teacher who 16． himself performing a science experiment and posts it to YouTube. When it is time for class, he uses the video to 17． materials in the textbook, which can seem boring to students.
Still, while ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) those educators are 18． technology in the classroom to meet students’ needs, they are also finding value in traditional methods, and so suggest a blended (混合的) learning approach. Diregt instruction from them will never be replaced in their classes. Technology will be 19． only when it improves a lesson in ways that are impossible offline.
Digital native ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s will continue to eagerly adopt new media. Teachers have no choice but to adapt. They are making an effort not only to ensure that students take advantage of new technologies, but to teach students valuable skills that can help them succeed in a world 20． trying to distract them. Think of the Zuckerbergs, the Gates, the Jobs and all those pioneers in the tech world. They became successful not because they could code; it was because they could think.
（2021·上海市晋元高级中学高三期中）D ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )irections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．complicate ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d B．c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oncern C．disruptions D．eventually E.frequent F.healingG.holding H.reminder I. representatively J. vocalizing K.zero
Secrets are bad for your health
I grew up in a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Midwestern town where the popular wisdom was to only talk about what was pleasant and to keep secrets，if necessary，to make that happen.This meant staying silent when someone offended you，rarely 21． negative feelings and smiling a little more than is necessary. It also meant 22． room for airing any sort of dirty laundry，especially not the kinds of personal secrets that keep people up at night.
Many of us li ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ke to believe that sweeping unpleasant truths under the rug might make them 23． go away. Instead，keeping secrets--especially heavy ones--can spin an even more 24． web of isolation and deception. So why do we do it？2·1·c·n·j·y
The truth can hur ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t. But in many situations，it s better to get it out and let the 25． start，rather than allowing it to become more dangerous.The burden of 26． in the truth doesn't just disappear. It hides itself in the back of your mind and can cause a number of 27． to your life and health.
"If the situations ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in your daily life are regular 28． of the secret，and you find it stressful to keep it，then yes，it can have emotional and physical consequences.” says Dr.Dean McKay. “Some people also find keeping secrets stressful out of a general 29． that they will 'slip’. This 30． and recurring thought of the secret can in itself be stressful.”
（2021·上海市延安中学高三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．prosperous ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B．dedicated C．defiance D．imitated E. instantly F. claimG. prioritized H. freedom I. notoriously J. traumatic K. profound
The French Icon Who Revolutionized Women’s Clothes
In fashion folk ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lore, Gabrielle Coco Chanel is famously credited as the designer who popularized trousers, making them a key piece in women’s wardrobes, and also for helping to liberate women from the tyranny of the corset (紧身衣). Instead of caging them in stuffy designs, her clothes 31． freedom of movement, mobility and comfort. She broke down dressing codes by borrowing elements of men’s fashion, such as pockets and tweed (粗花呢). Like any good pioneer, Chanel’s 32． of societal and gender stereotypes early in her career confused some, and inspired others.
Indeed, a look back at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Chanel’s earlier career places her within the Roaring 20s, a time of indulgence driven by 33． economy and post-war recovery. Chanel was responding to the mood of the decade, designing clothes for women who exerted their new-found 34． by chopping off their hair and dancing to American jazz music all night. It’s easy to see why some view her as a feminist icon. Words like “feminine” and “femininity” appear often to describe her creations, though she never talked in these terms. What is really obvious, nevertheless, is that she placed women at the center of her creations and 35． her life to imagining a new way for women to experience fashion.
While the life of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the legendary designer—for her 36． childhood as an abandoned orphan to the 37． that she was a spy for German intelligence—has been scrutinized (仔细审视) in film and books since her death in 1971, the body of her work and her contribution to women’s fashion is far less understood.
“There are more ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )than a hundred biographies about her, which talk mostly about her private life,” says Miren Arzalluz, co-curator of Gabrielle Chanel: Fashion Manifesto. “We thought we knew her. But what we realized was that we lacked a 38． knowledge of her work. As curators, we rediscovered Chanel.”
Take the ico ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nic tweed suit, for example. The two-piece costume, 39． recognizable as signature Chanel, remains a staple in the modern woman’s luxury wardrobe nearly 70 years after it was first introduced to the world, and is 40． frequently in cheap versions by other brands. But beyond its aesthetic, there are definitive reasons that the suit has become an enduring classic. The secret lies in the details: the jacket was designed to be soft and light and the skirt is designed to rests comfortably on top of the hips and angles slightly backwards to hang below the knee, offering the wearer freedom of movement.21世纪教育网版权所有
（2021·上海市吴淞中学高三期中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．foresight B．basic C． ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )critical D．inconvenient E. inevitably F. minimumG. rate H. financing I. staffed J. typically K. prepared
Cities around the wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rld are racing to declare themselves "smart". Smart cities make two fundamental promises: lots of data and automated decision-making based on that data. The ultimate smart city will require lots of existing and to-be-invented technologies, from sensors to artificial intelligence. For many, this promises a safer and more efficient city; for others, it raises questions about privacy and algorithmic （算法的）bias.
However, ther ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e is a more 41． concern when it comes to smart cities: They will be very complex to manage, with all sorts of unpredictable vulnerabilities.
As we know a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll too well from our personal lives, technology ages rapidly, with glitches（小故障）becoming increasingly common only a couple of years into its life. We accept regular disruptions in the internet and cellphone functions as a fact of life.
But would we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) accept the same 42． of disruption in, say, our water and power services City infrastructure is designed to last decades or centuries and must always work.
Managing all the sens ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ors and data will require a municipal administration 43． by tech experts. Since current average salaries for tech workers are 44． higher than for public employees, such an administration is likely to be expensive. Besides, new technology in 2020 will be outdated before 2025. If we widely use smart tech in cities, we need to be 45． to replace it every few years, with the associated disruption and cost. But who will assume those costs
Cities must plan fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r the inevitable moments when the sensors fail to matter how often we maintain them. Failures in engineered systems tend to come at the most 46． times, like when a storm drops high levels of water and, at the same time, knocks out the electricity to a smart water management system.
The most 47． q ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uestion, however, is whether having a smart city will make us better at solving urban problems. Data and algorithms alone don't add very much on their own. No matter how much data a city has, addressing urban challenges will still require stable long-term 48．, good management and effective personnel. If smart data identifies a road that needs paving, it still needs people to show up with tools.21教育网
As an infrast ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ructure engineer, I seek the simplest effective solution to a problem with a(n) 49． of negative consequences. For many of our urban challenges, we don't always need new technologies or new ideas; we need the 50． and courage to use the best of the old ideas.
（2021·上海市徐汇中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )学高三期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．address；B．emerged；C．harmoniously；D．plex； F. fashion；G. troublesome；H. understandablyI. initial；J. harvest；K. novel
With the rapid growth ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of the aging population in China, the installation of elevators in old communities has gradually become an inevitable issue. A lot of neighborhoods are living no longer 51． due to the living ills of their six-story, elevator-less buildings.
Recently, a resid ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ential 52． in Hangzhou has come up with an initiative designed to 53． the problem as to how to raise funds for facilities much-needed by elderly residents, which are called “public transit elevators.” Pay one yuan, and you can take the ride once, just like taking a bus. The price remains unchanged whether you take the lift by yourself or with your whole family. From my perspective, this 54． solution is quite necessary, but still needs improvement.
The greatest conc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ern is the price. Residents in old communities have been at odds with one another regarding how to most effectively distribute the necessary money with which to pay for the installation of elevators. Most residents living on lower floors are 55． reluctant to pay for an elevator to be installed given that it will likely end up occupying their common area of public space. For those living on higher floors, however, the lack of elevator can often be quite 56．, especially for the elderly. Therefore, although the installation charge has been cut down to a very low level by adding pay-to-use elevators, how to properly allocate(分配) the 57． costs involved remains to be negotiated. Another problem has 58． concerning who’ll ultimately pay for the ride, suppose two families share one elevator at the same time.
Much easier as i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t is to work things on paper, it requires a considerable investment of financial and material resources in its initial stage, and it will only be able to 59． subtle returns, at least in the short run, making it challenging for whatever authority to carry out the proposal.
Still we have to pla ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce ourselves in the position in which we can best serve the greater society and by this, treat the issue in a more reasonable 60． so as to minimize any potential losses.
（2020-2021年上海·位育中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )学高三期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．disturbing；B．ac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )customed；C．deposit；D．prospects；E. inheritedF. overcome；G. vaguely；H. bettering；I. flexible；J. miracle；K. rewarded
For more than thr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ee centuries, the American colonies and later, the United States have been a place for many "have-nots" to make the "American Dream" come true for themselves and to become "haves." And the optimism that people have, knowing that this61．will always happen, has grown out of some key elements in the history of the nation, a nation that has differed profoundly from every other country in the world. The economic62．of the nation will also be very much tied to these success stories. Three characteristics have contributed to such attainments.21·cn·jy·com
First, the Uni ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ted States had natural resources undreamed of in other parts of the world. For farmers and ranchers there was land, often to be had cheaply or even for free. There were endless forests to supply lumber and rich63．of coal, oil, silver, copper and gold. Besides, critical to the development of these resources was a population of both native-born Americans and immigrant who were connected by their common work ethic. This ethic held that industry and thrift should be
64．with - as Benjamin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Franklin says -- "a State of Affluence and some Degree of Reputation in the World," These Americans believed in self improvement as well as in the nobility of all kinds of work. They also, if somewhat65．, often linked material success with spiritual movement. Next, by and large, America was characterized by a(n) 66．class structure. In contrast to England and other European countries with their history of aristocrats（贵族）, this country was filled by numerous communities in which family connections or67．money counted for little.
However, the pur ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )suit of American Dream sometimes also proved to be a source of tension and strain. At the beginning of the 20th century, writers like Jack London and F. Scott Fitzgerald depicted a lot of "have-not" characters whose fate is not a matter of free will. They are68．by forces beyond their control. Often, in their works, children or young people are victimized by poverty that prevents them from69．themselves. Convinced that a person's destiny is the result of his or her heredity interacting with the environment, they employ many70． details to explore the oppressive world in which their characters are trapped. Analyzing characters' assumptions and values continued to illuminate the American experience.
（2020-2021年上海市市西中学高 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )三期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．portraits B．resistance C．mixed D．forgotten E. concerns F. drafts
G. explores H. alternatives I. criticizes J. regarding K. inspired
The Great Gatsby is a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 1925 novel written by American author F. Scott Fitzgerald that follows a cast of characters living in the fictional town of West Egg on prosperous Long island in the summer of 1922. The story primarily 71． the young and mysterious millionaire Jay Gatsby and his crazy passion and obsession for the beautiful former lover Daisy Buchanan. Considered to be Fitzgerald's masterpiece, the Great Gatsby 72． themes of degradation, idealism, 73． to chance and social conflicts, creating 74． of the Jazz Age or the Roaring Twenties described as a warming tale 75． the American Dream.www.21-cn-jy.com
Fitzgerald- 76． by th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e parties he had attended while visiting Long Island's north shore - began planning the novel in 1923, desiring to produce, in his words, "something new - something extraordinary and beautiful and simple and elaborately patterned." Progress was slow, with Fitzgerald completing his 77． following a move to the French Riviera in 1924. His editor, Maxwell Perkins, felt the book was vague and persuaded the author to revise over the next winter. Fitzgerald repeatedly hesitated about the book's title and he considered a variety of 78．, including titles that referenced the Roman character Trimalchi o; the title he was last documented to have desired was Under the Red, White and Blue.
First publish ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed in April 1925, the Great Gatsby received 79． reviews and sold 20,000 copies in its first year. Fitzgerald died in 1940, believing himself to be a failure and his work 80．. However, the novel experienced a revival during World War II, and became a part of American high school curricula and numerous stage and film adaptations in the following decades. Today, the Great Gatsby is widely considered to be a literary classic and a competitor for the title "Great American Novel".
（2020-2021年上海市大同中学高三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. 21cnjy.com
A．contact；B．shifting；C．precisely；D．term；E. identifying；F. illustratedG. initially；H. sounding；I. divided；J. caution；K. frustrating
On Jan. 22, two ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )days after Chinese officials first publicized the serious threat posed by the new virus ravaging the city of Wuhan, the chief of the World Health Organization held the first of what would be months of almost daily media briefings, 81． the alarm, telling the world to take the outbreak seriously.
But with its offici ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )als 82．, the W.H.O., still seeing no evidence of sustained spread of the virus outside of China, declined the next day to declare a global public health emergency. A week later, the organization reversed course and made the declaration.21·世纪*教育网
Those early day ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s of the epidemic 83． the strengths and weaknesses of the W.H.O., an arm of the United Nations that is now under fire by President Trump, who on Tuesday ordered a cutoff of American funding to the organization.
With limited, consta ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ntly 84． information to go on, the W.H.O. showed an early, consistent determination to treat the new contagion(接触性传染病) like the threat it would become, and to persuade others to do the same. At the same time, the organization repeatedly praised China, acting and speaking with a political 85． born of being an arm of the United Nations, with few resources of its own, unable to do its work without international cooperation.
It was on the d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay of the lockdown in Wuhan that the W.H.O. at first declined to declare a global emergency, its officials split and expressing concern about 86． a particular country as a threat, and about the impact of such a declaration on people in China. Such caution is a standard — if often 87． — fact of life for United Nations agencies, which operate by consensus(共识) and have usually avoided even a hint of criticizing nations directly.
It is impossible to k ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )now whether the nations of the world would have acted sooner if the W.H.O. had called the epidemic a global emergency a week earlier than it did.
But day after ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )day, Dr. Tedros, in his rambling(冗长含糊的) style, was delivering less formal warnings, telling countries to contain the virus while it was still possible, to do testing and 88． tracing, and isolate those who might be infected.
The organization wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s criticized for not 89． calling the contagion a pandemic, meaning an epidemic spanning the globe. The 90． has no official significance within the W.H.O., and officials insisted that using it would not change anything, but Dr. Tedros began to do so on March 11, explaining that he made the change to draw attention because too many countries were not taking the group’s warnings seriously enough.
（2020-2021年上海师范大学附 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )属外国语中学高三期中）Directions: After reading the passage and the sentences below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
A．bind B．exact ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) C．intently D．covers E. alert F. instantlyG. remains H. springs I. attack J. identify K. triggered
Antibodies pl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay a key role in the immune system. They begin the process of getting rid of the invaders that may cause harm or infection. This lesson 91．how antibodies work and the different kinds of antibodies.
What Are Antibodies
Antibodies, also known ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) as immunoglobulins, are Y-shaped proteins that are produced by the immune system to help stop intruders from harming the body. When an intruder enters the body, the immune system 92．into action. These invaders, which are called antigens (抗原), can be viruses, bacteria, or other chemicals. When an antigen is found in the body, the immune system will create antibodies to mark the antigen for the body to destroy.
Function
The antibodies act ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) sort of like the immune system’s scouts. They find antigens, stick to them, and 93．for the immune system the 94．type of antigen so that it can be destroyed. Each antibody is made for one and only one antigen, and it’s fitted with special receptors that will only 95．to that antigen. For instance, a specific antibody is created to help destroy the chickenpox virus. Only that particular antibody will attack a chickenpox virus.
How Antibodies Fight Antigens
So what happens w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hen an antigen tries to enter the body When it does, the immune system is 96．. Chemical signals are sent to 97．all the different parts of the immune system into action.
First, the viru ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s is met by a type of cell called B cells. The B cells are responsible for creating antibodies to match the antigen. Remember, each type of antibody matches to only one antigen. After the B cells have created their antibodies, the antibodies stick to the virus, marking it for the next round of 98．. T cells are then ordered to attack the antigen that the antibodies have marked for it.
After the antigen has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) been destroyed, the cleanup crew comes along. A wave of phagocytes large cells that can consume foreign matter, eats the 99．of the infection.
Immunizations
After an infection ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is defeated, the antibodies still remain in the body. They are left there to wait in case that particular antigen returns. Immunizations take advantage of the fact that antibodies remain in the body after an infection is eradicated. Most immunizations consist of a weak or diluted form of an antigen-not enough of the antigen to make the patient sick, but just enough to trigger the creation of antibodies. This way, the body can100．attack any form of the infection it encounters, stopping the infections before they begin.
（2020-2021年上海市松江一中高三期 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中）Directions: After reading the passage and the sentences below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
Daily Life in Ancient Africa
A．respectable ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B．unique C．graduating D．return E. evident F. movedG. distinctive H. travelled I. harmony J. creativity K. winning
This paintin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g titled Enchanied Melody (1986) (魔法旋律) was created by the Iranian master of Persian miniature Mahmoud Farshchian (1930-).
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )
He was born in the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) great city of architecture, art and love, Esfahan. At the age of five, it became 101． that his life would be devoted to art and painting. His father, a 102． Persian Carpet merchant in Esfahan, encouraged his interest in design and planted the seeds of art in his heart. While still in school, he was invited to learn painting from the famous masters of the time. After 103． from the Academy of Fine Arts in Isfahan, he 104． to Europe to study the works of western artists. Upon his 105． to Isfahan, he began working in the Directorate of Fine Arts. He joined the Faculty of Fine Arts of Tehran University as an art professor. It was there that he created many of his 106． masterpieces. And then he 107． to the United States and currently resides in New York.
The painting, En ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )chanted Melody, portrays the beautiful ancient story of falling in love. There is 108． with mature and the melody of the flute (长笛) flows through the rich air of a sweet autumn day. The man is clearly successful in winning the young woman's heart by playing the flute. He has achieved a 109． style and created a school of his own in painting. Some of his talents are his own wonderful sense of 110．, his motive designs, his creation of round spaces, his smooth and powerful lines, and his creation of undulating colors.
Today, Farshc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hian does not only belong to Iran, but he is a global artist. He had travelled the globe, studied, taught and worked with various global artists and left us a rich legacy of artwork.
（2020-2021年上海·华 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )东师范大学松江实验高级中学高三期中）Directions: After reading the passage and the sentences below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
A．accurate B．al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )teration C．average D．calculates E. conceal F. enormously G. initial H. intervals I. merely J. multiply K. prediction
Beyond two or three d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ays, the world’s best weather forecasts are doubtful, and beyond six or seven they are worthless.
The Butterfly ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Effect is the reason. For small pieces of weather—to a global forecaster, small can mean thunder—storms and blizzards—any 111．becomes worse rapidly. Errors and uncertainties 112．, gathering upward through a chain of unable features, from dust devils(尘旋风) and storms up to continent-size eddies(旋涡)113．satellites can see.
The modern weather mod ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )els work with net-like points sixty miles apart, and even so, some 114．data have to be guessed, since ground stations and satellites cannot see everywhere. But suppose the earth could be covered with sensors placed one foot apart, rising at one-foot 115． all the way to the top of the atmosphere. Suppose every sensor gives perfectly 116．readings of temperature, pressure, humidity(温度), and any other data a weatherman would want. Exactly at noon a(n) 117． powerful computer takes all the data and 118．what will happen at each point at 12.01, then 12.02, then 12.03…
The computer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) will still be unable to predict whether Princeton will have sun or rain one month away. At noon the spaces between the sensors will 119．alterations that the computer will not know about, tiny variations from the 120．. By 12.01, those fluctuations will already have created small errors one foot away. Soon the errors will have added to the ten-foot scale，and so on up to the size of the globe.
（2021·上海奉贤·一模）Direct ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．similarly B．poten ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tial C．restricting D．sense E. evidenced F. influentialG. crowned H. fairly I. emerging J. terms K. contexts
Cambridge Dictionary’s Word of the Year 2020
Quarantine has bee ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n named Word of the Year 2020 by Cambridge Dictionary, a website where editors use data from the website, blogs, and social media to identify and prioritize new additions. On the New Words Blog, 121． new additions are posted weekly for readers to cast their votes on whether they feel these words should be added. Surprisingly, “Quarantine” has defeated “lockdown” and “pandemic” to be 122． Word of the Year 2020 after data showed it to be one of the most highly searched for on the Cambridge Dictionary.
The Cambridge ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Dictionary editors have also tracked how people were using the word quarantine and discovered a new meaning 123．: a general period of time in which people are not allowed to leave their homes or travel freely, so that they do not catch or spread a disease.
Research show ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s the word is being used 124． to lockdown, particularly in the United States, to refer to a situation in which people stay home to avoid catching the disease.
This new 125 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )． of quarantine has now been added to the Cambridge Dictionary, and marks a shift from the existing meanings, which relate to 126． a person or animal suspected of being infectious.
Neither corona viru ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s nor COVID-19 appeared among the words that Cambridge Dictionary users searched for most this year. We believe this indicates that people have been 127． confident about what the virus is. Instead, users have been searching for words related to the social and economic impacts of the pandemic, as 128． not just by quarantine but by the two runners-up on the shortlist for Word of the Year: lockdown and pandemic itself. This interest in quarantine and other related 129． was reflected not only in our search statistics, but also in visits to this blog.
Cambridge Dictio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nary is the top dictionary website for English learning. The dictionary not only shows how words are used in real-world 130． but also gives out their definitions.
（2021·上海黄浦·二模）Di ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．concerned；B．sign ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )als；C．mechanical；D．monitor；E. identification；F. philosophicalG. thoughts；H. assume；I. embedded；J. privacy；K. procedures
Would you wear a computer under your skin
Forget smartphones ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and smart glasses. One day, we might have smart tattoos, body modifications. The company NewDealDesign came up with an idea for a product called UnderSkin. The device would look like a pair of tattoos on your arms and the side of your thumb, but it would actually be a very thin computer implanted just below your skin. It would draw power from your body’s energy, and you could use it to unlock doors, 131． your health, exchange and store information, or even express your personality. UnderSkin is just an idea — you can’t go out and get one — but the technology exists to make it work. “We 132． it is about five years from being real,” says designer Gadi Amit.
Writer and techno ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )logy initiator Amal Graffstra already has a chip called a radio-frequency 133． tag implanted in his hand. “I use it to log into my computer. I also use it to share contact details with people,” he says. The chip is about the size of a grain of rice and responds to radio 134． with a unique number for recognition.
If a computerized tat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )too or 135． tag isn’t crazy enough for you, what about a brain chip The company Intel is working on technology that would let you control your devices with your mind. Dean Pomerleau, one of the researchers, explains, “We’re trying to prove you can do interesting things with brain waves…. Imagine being able to surf the Web with the power of your 136．.”
Do you think these c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hips sound frightening or cool Some doctors are 137． about people hurting themselves while getting devices implanted. They argue that medical 138． are meant to heal sick people, and not to give healthy people special powers. Others worry about hacking and 139．. Could someone hack in and steal your identity, or even control your mind On a more 140． level, if you have a computer inside your body, are you still human Or are you a cyborg, a being that is part human and part machine, or a machine that looks like a human being
What do you think — would you want a computer under your skin 21*cnjy*com
（2021·上海长宁·二模）Directio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ns: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．weaken B．ensure C．considerably D．benefits E. independently F. apply
G. aggressive H. conflicts I. potential J. subjects K. proposed
Obstacles can be overcome, say trade experts
The main problem ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in the EU-UK talks on a trade deal is resolvable so long as neither side treats the matter as a question of high principle, according to trade experts.
German Chancellor A ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ngela Merkel warned on Wednesday that a trade deal must 141． a “level playing field, not only for today, but also for tomorrow ”. But British Prime Minister Boris Johnson said on Wednesday evening that Britain would never sign up to automatically having to 142． future EU rules in areas such as environmental regulations and labour standards in order to keep the 143． of a trade deal.
Nonetheless, e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xperts said there was the 144． for negotiation between Britain’s position, a willingness to swear not to 145． regulatory standards as they stand at the end of its Brexit (British exit) transition period, and the EU’s quest to ensure that these trade deals work well for ever.
The “landing zon ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e” for any deal would likely ensure that the UK was not able to weaken the effectiveness of European regulations and keep the advantages of zero tariffs (关税) in goods: the main feature of the 146． free trade agreement.
David Henig, UK d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )irector of the European Centre For International Political Economy, said what was needed to be agreed were specific 147． that the trade deal covered and the process for dealing with possible 148．.
The only reason t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat this should spoil the trade deal talks, said Mr. Henig, was if one or both sides keep their positions on a matter of principle.
Since the start o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f the talks, the EU’s concern has been to avoid having a(n) 149． competitor close to its single market, seizing an advantage through lax (宽松的) environmental regulations and labour standards.
The EU has already ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) moved 150． on state aid. Brussels entered the negotiations saying the UK should continue to in effect operate the state aid system under the supervision of the European Court of Justice. It has since agreed to an approach based upon agreeing common principles with Britain.
（2021·全国·高二课时练习）Direc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each -word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．targeted ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B．culture C．consumption D．interview E. combineF. distributed G. especially H. compete I. extremely J. estimates K. old-fashioned
Spain Looks to Chinese Travelers
Spain's tourism ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )industry is looking to Chinese tourists for its high-end market, according to the president of the Spain-China Tourism Association.
“It is the kind o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f tourism that is not only interested in the sun, beach and the all-included 151． . They enjoy good food, wine, history and nature, and the new Chinese tourists would also want to spend more money in Spain,” said Rafael Cascales in a recent152． with Xinhua.
The Spanish bus ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iness leader described the 153． Chinese tourists as being younger, more international, and perhaps including more women. “They also travel on their own or in couples or in smaller groups. The 154． large groups of visitors have not disappeared, but this new form of traveling is becoming more important,” he said.
Speaking of the 155． p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )attern of the new kind of Chinese tourists the Tourism Association president said, “The money they spend is 156． better because they will book one flight with one airline, the hotel with another company and the restaurant with another.”
In his eyes, “C ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hinese tourists are very important because they 157． two things: there are a large number of them and they spend more money than anyone else — almost four times more than tourists from other countries.”
They not only tra ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vel abroad in the summer months when Spain has to158． with the sun and beaches in countries such as Turkey and Egypt, but also travel in the off-peak seasons of a year, according to Cascales.
Spain is the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) second most popular tourist destination in the world, only after France. It attracted about 82 million visitors in 2017, 700,000 of them from China, a number which the United Nations World Tourism Organization 159． will rise to about 1 million by 2021.
“We are ready ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ); we have the infrastructure (基础设施)at every level, 160． in hotel capacity. Here those visitors can find what they are looking for, including the luxury items which distinguish them,” Cascales noted.
（2021·上海浦东新· ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )二模）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．critical ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B．disproportionately C．distancing D．gaps E. headachesF. hugging G. typical H. remotely I. restart J. ship K. worth
Disrupted Schooling Spells Worse Results and Deeper Inequality
The first meeting ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) between teachers in Montpelier, Vermont, before the start of the autumn term is usually festive — 161． over breakfast and coffee. This year they had to make do with an online video conference. After a scramble in the spring (to set up online learning, pack lunches for poor pupils who relied on them and 162． computers to those without them), the district plans to let younger pupils return for in-person learning on September 8th. High school will remain partly online because the building is too small to allow enough room in between. The young pupils who can return will need to wear masks, keep their social 163． and have temperature checks before entering school buses or buildings. Setting up these protocols took many 60-hour weeks over the summer holidays, says Libby Bonesteel, the superintendent.
Of the 50 la ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rgest school districts in America, 35 plan to start the coming term entirely 164．. The opportunity to control the virus over the summer has been lost, upending(颠覆) plans for “hybrid” education (part-time in-person instruction). This means more than just child-care 165． for parents. The continued disruption to schooling will probably spell permanent learning loss, 166． hurting poorer pupils.
“Achievement 16 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )7． will become great achievement differences,” warns Robin Lake, director of the Centre on Reinventing Public Education, a research group. Analysts at McKinsey, a consultancy, think that the 168． American pupil would suffer 6.8 months of learning loss if in-person instruction does not 169． until January 2021 (which looks possible). This would fall heaviest on black pupils, who would lose over ten months’ 170． of instruction, and poor ones, who would fall behind by more than a year. Most likely, there could be 648,000 more high-school dropouts.
（2021·全国·高二课时练习 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．prey B．internalize ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) C．attachment D．initial E. insufficient F. struggling G. capped H. edgeI. imposed J. suspected K. ignorance
As colleges and unive ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rsities nationwide revealed their admission decisions, news broke of a dramatic decline in acceptance rates-and not just at Ivy League schools. The shift meant that many high school students who pinned all their hopes on particular dream schools might find themselves 171． with real disappointment.
Why were admissi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ons so low these years It’s a number game. These years, colleges saw the number of applicants soar to record-high levels. But considering 172． budgets, the number of spots colleges could offer had to be 173．. As a result, both state schools and private colleges kept seeing their acceptance rates fall rapidly.
It’s not that most st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )udents won’t get into colleges at all. Instead, there are more than enough spots nationwide for every qualified applicant to find a place for study. But for many, the school they end up enrolling in may not have been their first, or even third choice. The 174． strike of rejection, in some cases, could be heartbreaking. These are kids who are used to being the best of the best.www-2-1-cnjy-com
But some of the press ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ure is 175．, without excuses, by students themselves, according to Laurence Steinberg, professor of Psychology. He thinks that Americans fall 176． to their own addiction to school rankings and fame. Students and their parents have formed strong commitments to particular schools long before admission decisions are made. “When they are rejected, it’s like being rejected by a boyfriend or girlfriend,” Steinberg says. “They 177． it: What’s the matter with me What could I have done differently ”
That emotional 178 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )． is often only about what school name students will paste on their parents’ cars but it may also lead to families’ 179． of what may actually be the suitable school for the students.
Actually, pai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nful as the rejection is, in the long run, getting into a high-ranking university doesn’t necessarily mean competitive 180． in terms of job prospects and earnings. A research shows that many students rejected by highly selective schools earn as much as Ivy League graduates. What really matters is how seriously students take their studies.
（2021·上海青浦·二模） ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．earth-bound B．repeatedly C．decay D．increasinglyE. redirect F. detecting G. complexity H. self-destructingI. exhibit J. protective K. atmosphere
New Effort To Clean Up Space Junk Reaches Orbit (轨道)
A demonstration ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mission to test an idea to clean up space debris (碎片) was launched Monday morning local time from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Known as ELSA-d, the mission will 181． technology that could help capture space junk, the millions of pieces of orbital debris that float above Earth.
The more than 8,000 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )metric tons of debris threaten the loss of services we rely on for 182． life, including weather forecasting, telecommunications and GPS systems.
The spacecraft works b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y attempting to -attach itself to dead satellites and pushing them toward Earth to burn up in the 183．.
The mission, which wi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll be run from the U.K., will carry out this catch and release process 184． over the course of six months. The goal is to prove the servicer satellite’s ability to track down and remove with its target in varying levels of 185．.
Space junk has been ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a growing problem for years as human-made objects such as old satellites and spacecraft parts build up in low Earth orbit until they 186．, deorbit, explode or crash with other objects, breaking into smaller pieces of waste.
According to a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) recent report by NASA, at least 26,000 of the millions of pieces of space junk are orbiting along at 17,500 mph, they could “destroy a satellite on impact”. More than 500,000 pieces are a “mission-ending threat” because of their ability to impact 187． systems, fuel tanks and spacecraft cabins.
The development ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of other cleanup technologies has been in progress for years. In 2016, Japan’s space agency sent a 700-meter chain into space to try to slow down and 188． space junk. In 2018, a device called RemoveDebris successfully cast a net around a copy satellite.
The European Space Age ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ncy also plans to send a(n) 189． robot into orbit in 2025, which the organization’s former director general has referred to as a space “vacuum cleaner”.
These efforts coul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d prove 190． important as private space ventures like SpaceX continue to disorder low Earth orbit with a huge number of satellites.
（2021·上海市洋泾中学高三期中）Di ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．slippery ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B．negative C．extending D．combination E. refocus F. guiltyG. scan H. tough I. escape J. reasonable K. motivating
When Stephan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ie Andel can feel her eyes glaze over scrolling through academic papers, institutional emails or student marking, she'll open a new tab in her web browser and explore. "I take a few minutes every hour or two to surf the web, look at news or 191． my Facebook feed to catch up with friends," Andel, assistant professor of psychology at Indiana University—Purdue University of Indianapolis, admits.
This phenomeno ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n is "cyberloafing." The word is a（n） 192． of "cyber," which means "related to computers," and "loafing," which means "relaxing in a lazy way."
It is a（n） 193． s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lope, which can damage productivity. A study from the University of Taxes suggests we are 194． of this form of procrastination（拖延）for 14% of our working day. On a Friday afternoon, it's more than that.
Cyberloafing is often ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) presented as a 195． . Yet more recent research suggests that a degree of cyberloafing may be beneficial to employees；those small breaks help them 196． between tasks and even deal with workplace stress.
The key questio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n is when a short break to reset after a 197． task turns into procrastination. "There's a fine line between cyberloafing to refresh the mind and when people are doing it as an 198． from the task because they find the task challenging," says Dr Fuschia Sirois of the University of Sheffield's Department of Psychology.
Sirois says that 199． ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a break to recalibrate（重新校准）needs to be done with care. "You've always got to be 200． ," she says. "A 15-minute break because your brain is turning into mush is fine. But if you find yourself saying you just need another few minutes, it's bad. If you go past the point where you set a limit on your break time, it just becomes procrastination."
（2021·上海杨浦·高三期中）Di ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．natural B．substi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tuting C．stable D．disappear E. piece F. transformingG. returned H. regrowth I. habitats J. flat K. pulled
Fire That Was Started 92,000 Years Ago
Human are ac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tively changing landscapes across the globe, but shaping ecosystems is not just a modern activity.
An analysis of the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) northern shores of East Africa's Lake Malawi reveals ancient inhabitants used fire 92,000 years ago to prevent forest 201．. These Stone Age humans burned forest to make room for a growing population.
The Yale-led ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) study discovered settlements in the area, along with charcoal deposits in the core of the lake, allowing researchers to 202．the story together.
Jessica Thom ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pson, the paper's lead author, said: "This is the earliest evidence I have seen of humans 203．their ecosystem with fire. It suggests that by the Late Pleistocene（晚更新世）, humans were learning to use fire in truly new ways.
The work began in 20 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )18. Researchers from Pennsylvania State University examined fossils, pollen（花粉）and minerals 204．from the bottom of the lake. The analysis showed environment changes that could not be explained with 205．factors.
Normally forest alon ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g the lake shore 206．during dry periods and recover when the lake reaches normal levels. But here researchers discovered that when wetter periods 207． and water levels became normal, forests along the shore did not recover, and the species richness went 208．.
Sarah Ivory fro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m Pennsylvania State University said: "The pollen that we see in this most recent period of 209．climate is very different than before. Specifically, trees are no longer common and are replaced by pollen from plants that deal well with frequent fire."
It's not clear ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) why people were burning the landscape. It's possible that they were experimenting with controlled burns to produce 210．. It could be that their fires burned out of control, or that there were simple a lot of people burning fuel in their environment that provided for warmth, cooking, or socialization.
（2021·上海市进才中学高三期中）Dire ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ctions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．capped；B．eventually； ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )C．fleeing；D．commitment；E. accompaniedF. unfolded；G. expanding；H. interest；I. dissimilar；J. processing；K. urgently
It was 1975. Wash ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ington largely opened America's doors, letting in some 300,000 refugees from Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia over the next four years. Joseph R. Biden Jr., then a young senator from Delaware, co-sponsored landmark legislation that won approval in the Senate and was signed into law in 1980, generally 211． the number allowed into the country each year.
As similar sce ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nes of chaos and desperation 212． in Kabul（喀布尔）with the conclusion of America's 20-year war in Afghanistan, most analysts said there was little chance the country would repeat the extensive refugee resettlement effort that 213． the end of the war in Vietnam. Concerns over terrorism and the coronavirus pandemic almost eliminated the possibility of a similar mass mobilization.
The refugee la ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w that Mr. Biden co-sponsored calls for the president to determine the number of refugee admissions for a given year based on humanitarian concerns or what is otherwise in the national 214．, giving the White House wide freedom.
When the program bega ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n in 1980, the U. S. 215． the number of refugees at 234,000. But that limit has trended generally downward since the presidency of Donald J. Trump, whose hostility to all kinds of immigration was a cornerstone of his administration.
Mr. Biden ran ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) on a(n) 216． to adopt a more humane policy and rebuild the resettlement program, but the country may admit the lowest number of refugees in the history of the program partly because the pandemic delayed the 217． of applications.
Faith-based gr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oups across Afghanistan are volunteering to help sponsor Afghan families. But with large numbers of people 218． violence and poverty in Central America and other countries pushing recently across the border with Mexico, some conservatives are calling for a hard line against large numbers of Afghan refugees. They cautioned that thousands of Afghans could be transported to Fort McCoy in his state without appropriate screening, thus 219． resulting in "millions" of Afghan immigrants invading America.
Some Americans ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) said they would rather accept ordinary immigrants coming to look for better lives than refugees getting away from war and violence because "Refugees start to look more foreign or 220． to people in the U. S. Therefore, instead of being seen as people courageously escaping persecution（迫害）, they are seen as people who will be an economic burden."
（2020-2021年上 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )海市延安中学高三期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．possibility B ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )．gloomy C．superficially D．challenge E.opposite F.unbalanceG. intelligently H. escape I. maximize J. false K.energetic
If you think ab ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )out it, work-life balance is a strange aspiration for fulfilling life. Balance is about stasis(静止): if our lives were ever in balance — parents happy, kids taken care of, work working then our thought would be to shout “Nobody move!” and pray all would stay perfect forever. This 221． hope is made worse by the implication that work is bad, and life is good; we lose ourselves in work but find ourselves in life; we survive work, but live life. And so the challenge, we are told, is to balance the heaviness of work with the lightness of life.
Yet work is not the2 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )22．of life. It is instead a part of life just as family is, as are friends and hobbies. All of these aspects of living have their share of wonderful, uplifting moments and their share of223． moments that drag us down. The same is true of work, yet when we think of it as something bad in need of a counterweight, we lose sight of the224． for better. 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
It seems mor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e useful, then, to not try to balance the unbalanceable, but to treat work the same way you do life:225． what you love. Think of your life’s many different activities as threads. Some are black, some are grey and some are white. But some of these activities contain all the signs of love : before you do them, you find yourselves looking forward to them; while you’re doing them, time speeds up and you find yourself involved ; and after you’ve done them, you feel226．.These are your red threads, and our research reveals that 73% of us claim that we have the freedom to modify our job to fit our strengths better, but that only 18 % of us do so. Your227．, then, is to use your red threads to228． change, over time, the content of your job, so that it contains more things that you love doing and fewer that you’re aching(渴望) to229．.21教育名师原创作品
The most helpful ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )categories for us are not “work” and “life”. We should not struggle to balance the two. Instead, the best categories are “love” and “loathe(憎恨)”. Our goal should be to, little by little, week by week, intentionally230． all aspects of our work toward the former and away from the latter. Not simply to make us feel better, but so that our colleagues, our friends and our family can all benefit from us at our very best. We can’t always do only what we love. But we can always find the love in what we do.
（2021·上海徐汇·二模）Di ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.21*cnjy*com
A．collectively B． ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )engine C．convinced D．contribute E. distribute F. envisionedG. address H. increasingly I. seemingly J. engagement K. initiative
Ocean plasti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )c has become a defining problem of our time, and a challenge to the world’s brightest thinkers and innovators. With a significant portion of plastic waste entering through rivers, the Alliance to End Plastic Waste is supporting the work of Renew Ocean to 231． the lack of waste infrastructure in developing regions.
Research published ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in Environmental Science & Technology in 2017 shows that rivers 232． dump anywhere from a half to three million tons of plastic into the seas every year. According to the data, ten rivers alone carry 93 percent of the river-borne plastics that end up in the ocean. To help prevent this plastic waste from reaching the ocean, the Alliance to End Plastic Waste will sponsor Renew Oceans, a localized 233． and investment project focused on high-leakage rivers. As a Founding Global Oceans Sponsor, the Alliance will 234． its materials and logistics (物流) capabilities. The National Geographic Society has also supported the Renew Oceans 235．.
Renew Oceans is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )part of the Renewology partnership, a brainchild of Priyanka Bakaya. Growing up in Australia, Bakaya became fascinated by science, chemistry, and the environment. Trips to India as a child 236． her of the need to do something positive for an environment 237． strained by plastic waste. At Stanford University, she became aware of social entrepreneurship and continued developing her ideas for ending plastic waste in business school at MIT.
How does Renew Oceans ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )plan to tackle a(n) 238． insurmountable (难以克服的) problem First, using proprietary (专利的) “biofence” technology designed by Renewology, plastic waste is collected as it flows down rivers and branches. ReFences divert the plastic and thus keep it from accumulating and entering the ocean. As 239．, the program has major side benefits. The plastic collected across the developing world will be converted into fuel, while waste pickers will receive compensation directly tied to the fuel generated from the plastic they collect. Renewology can become a powerful 240． for empowering local communities while cleaning up the world’s trash and providing necessary fuel.
（2021·上海金山·二 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．consumed B．asses ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sing C．attracted D．mirror E. particularly F. sources G. motivate H. ranging I. encounter J. densities K. deliberately
Plastic “Food” Endangering Turtles
Endangered gr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )een turtles are confusing plastic for food, according to scientists. Sea turtles mostly find their food visually, by 241．the color and shape of an object to work out if it is edible. Some of their favorite foods look like plastic.
Emily Duncan, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a postdoctoral researcher in marine conservation commented in a statement: “The 242．of this plastic might include things like black trash bags.”
Researchers studied 3 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )4 turtles who had washed up on the beaches of on the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, and found they w中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
编者小注：
本专辑专为2022年上海新高考英语二轮总复习及1月春考准备。
说说编写思路：
版块一：冲刺讲义10讲，注重方法性学习，对 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )于知识的拆解全面到位，选题主要根据上海官方公布的近五年级春秋考真题试题为主，近两年一二模测试及今年最新期中试题为辅。
版块二：专练8讲，注重常考题型，高频考点的训练，数十篇选材均选于近两年上海高三四校、八金刚及十三名校之真题
版块三：模拟满分卷4套，供大家在完成以上讲练后进行整体测试，满分140分。
希望助上海的莘莘学子在求学路上一臂之力。
专练2：十一选十特训30篇（详解版）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
（2021·上海大学附属中学 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )高三期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．healing B．priori ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tize C．assigned D．symbolizing E. secondary F. peculiarG. featuring H. engaged I. patterned J. followed K. embracing
The Healing Power of Art
Dreams have no ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) age limit. A 79 year old lady who restarts her life by painting proves that it is never too late to 1． oneself.
Meeting the 77-year ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )-old Li Yufeng at her workshop in the Lingang Special Area, I am soon infected by her energy and passion. 2． pumpkins, Hami melons, pebbles and playing cards, a number of her paintings hang on the walls. All her works are inspired by the everyday things in her life. As the Mid-Autumn Festival has just passed when we meet, Li's latest works portrays a moon-cake 3． with a dragon and phoenix.
Natural and peaceful, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) her paintings have 4． power. They enable viewers to feel the beauty of small things, which we easily ignore in our daily lives. Last year, she was invited to hold a painting exhibition at the Xuhui Art Museum. To many people's surprise, Li 5． with art just three years ago.
Li spent her childh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ood in the confusion of civil war. Her father was 6． to Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region as a teacher in a middle school, and Li and her mother 7． him to the land of rugged mountains and vast desert basins.
"The green lawn a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd the camphor tree in front of our house in Human have always been impressed in my childhood memories," said Yin.
8． prosperity an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d freshness, green is Li's favorite color, which she frequently uses in her paintings. She recalls that she wore a green tweed coat on her wedding day in 1963.
Li used to work as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) an electric welde（r 电焊工）. Lacking proper eye protection, the flash from the welding equipment eventually damaged her vision. However, that hasn't stopped her from 9． colors.
Li became fully eng ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aged in painting after her husband's passing away in 2017. Painting brought her into the present moment and let her forget the pain of losing her husband and her diseases. In the flow of painting, it is hard to dwell on so many troubles. For Li, her improved painting skills are 10． to the joy that art brings her.
【标准答案】
1．B
2．G
3．I
4．A
5．H
6．C
7．J
8．D
9．K
10．F
【思路点拨】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍艺术的治愈力量。
1．
考查动词。句意：一位以绘画重新开始生活的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )79岁老妇人证明，优先考虑自己永远都不晚。固定结构：too…to…“太……而不能……”；动词prioritize的意思是“优先考虑”符合句意。故选B。
2．
考查现在分词作状语。句意：墙上挂 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )着她的许多画，画的主题有南瓜、哈密瓜、鹅卵石和扑克牌。此处是现在分词作伴随状语；动词feature的意思是“以……为特色”，其现在分词featuring符合题意。故选G。
3．
考查过去分词作后置定语。句意： ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我们见面的时候刚好是中秋节，李连杰的最新作品是一个龙凤图案的月饼。be patterned with“与……相等，以……图案装饰”。句中a moon-cake和patterned之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语。故选I。2-1-c-n-j-y
4．
考查形容词作定语。句意：她 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的画自然祥和，具有治愈的力量。形容词修饰名词power，形容词healing的意思是“能治愈的”，在句中作定语。故选A。
5．
考查一般过去时。句意：令许多人惊讶的是，李翊 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )云三年前才开始接触艺术。根据时间状语three years ago可知句子用一般过去时，动词短语be engaged with的意思是“忙于，从事于”。故选H。
6．
考查过去分词。句意：她的父亲被分配到新疆维 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )吾尔自治区的一所中学当老师，李和她的母亲跟着他来到了这片崎岖的山区和广阔的沙漠盆地。固定短语：be assigned to“被分配到……”。此处是一般过去时的被动语态，所以assigned符合题意。故选C。
7．
考查一般过去时。句意：她的父亲被分 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )配到新疆维吾尔自治区的一所中学当老师，李和她的母亲跟着他来到了这片崎岖的山区和广阔的沙漠盆地。这里在描述过去发生的事情，所以句子用一般过去时，动词follow的意思是“跟随”，其过去式followed符合题意。故选J。
8．
考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：绿色 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )象征着繁荣和新鲜，是李翊云最喜欢的颜色，她在绘画中经常使用绿色。此处是现在分词作伴随状语。动词symbolize的意思是“象征”，其现在分词是symbolizing，符合题意。故选D。
9．
考查动名词作宾语。句意：然而，这并没有 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )阻止她拥抱颜色。介词from后面用动名词作宾语；动词embrace的意思是“拥抱”，其动名词是embracing。故选D。
10．
考查形容词作表语。句意：对 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )于李来说，她的绘画技巧的提高是艺术带给她的快乐所独有的。固定短语：be peculiar to“是……所特有的”，其中形容词peculiar作表语，符合题意。故选F。
（2021·上海市复兴高级中学高三期 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．thread B．illus ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )trate C．breaks D．films E. engage F. secondG. favored H. constantly I. embracing J. considerably K. certified
Learning for a Distracted Generation
Today's students h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave a problem, and it is not the one written on the board. They were born into a world where algorithms (算法) keep them clicking, scrolling and swiping at a rapid pace. Technology, smartphones, social media, and immediate access to the internet are hurting their ability to focus and changing the way they think.
Now teachers have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a problem too. They find it particularly exhausting to ask students to read complex or long texts without taking regular 11．. Smartphones have clearly affected the younger generation, but how education should evolve for digital-native students was not something that was covered when they were getting 12． .
A common 13． ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) among teachers is that short is good. When students can't seem to pay attention to long lectures, many teachers simply hack lessons into smaller chunks (模块). In fact, students need time to 14． with a topic once the teacher introduces it before moving on. Switching between small lessons too quickly could rob them of valuable comprehension.
A 2018 study fro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m educational publisher Pearson found that students aged between 10 and 24 tend to stay away from physical books. They prefer video as a source of information 15． only to teachers. Therefore, some tech-forward teachers choose to “meet kids where they are" on platforms such as YouTube and Instagram. Asha Choksi, vice president of global research at Pearson, gives the example of a teacher who 16． himself performing a science experiment and posts it to YouTube. When it is time for class, he uses the video to 17． materials in the textbook, which can seem boring to students.
Still, while those ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )educators are 18． technology in the classroom to meet students’ needs, they are also finding value in traditional methods, and so suggest a blended (混合的) learning approach. Diregt instruction from them will never be replaced in their classes. Technology will be 19． only when it improves a lesson in ways that are impossible offline.
Digital natives ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )will continue to eagerly adopt new media. Teachers have no choice but to adapt. They are making an effort not only to ensure that students take advantage of new technologies, but to teach students valuable skills that can help them succeed in a world 20． trying to distract them. Think of the Zuckerbergs, the Gates, the Jobs and all those pioneers in the tech world. They became successful not because they could code; it was because they could think.
【标准答案】
11．C
12．K
13．A
14．E
15．F
16．D
17．B
18．I
19．G
20．H
【思路点拨】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )了如今为了适应年轻一代被智能手机分心的影响，老师们也在学着改进自己的教学方式，文章列举了教师们所采取的一些方法和作者对此的看法。
11．
考查名词。句意：他们发现，要求学生阅读复杂 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )或冗长的文本而不定期休息特别令人疲惫。根据语境及常识可知，长时间学习而不休息，会让人疲惫不堪，固定短语take a break/take breaks“休息一会儿”符合题意。故选C。
12．
考查非谓语动词。句意：智能手机显然已 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )经影响了年轻一代，但对于数字原生代学生来说，教育应该如何发展并不是他们在获得认证时所涵盖的内容。根据语境可知，此处使用动词certify为“证明；保证；证实”，get后加过去分词。故选K。
13．
考查名词。句意：老师们普遍认为短就好 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。根据下文“When students can't seem to pay attention to long lectures, many teachers simply hack lessons into smaller chunks (模块).”可知，师们普遍认为短就好。名词thread“思路”符合题意。故选A。
14．
考查动词。句意：事实上，一旦老师 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )介绍了一个主题，学生们需要时间去理解它，然后再继续。根据常识可知，学生们需要时间去理解老师介绍的新话题，engage with“忙于”符合题意，不定式to后接动词原形。故选E。
15．
考查形容词。句意：他们更喜欢 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )视频作为仅次于老师的信息来源。固定搭配second to“仅次于……的”，修饰名词a source of information。故选F。
16．
考查动词。句意：培生集团全球研究副总裁 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )阿莎 乔科斯举了一个例子，一位老师拍下了自己进行科学实验的视频，并上传到YouTube上。根据“posts it to YouTube”可知，此处指拍摄，动词film“ 把……拍成电影”符合题意。根据故选D。
17．
考查动词。句意：上课的时候，他会用视频来解 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )释课本上的材料，这对学生来说可能很无聊。根据语境及常识可知，此处指老师给学生解释课本上的材料，动词illustrate“解释，说明”符合题意，不定式to后接动词原形。故选B。
18．
考查动词。句意：尽管如此，当这些教育 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )工作者在课堂上采用技术来满足学生的需求时，他们也发现了传统方法的价值，因此建议采用一种混合的学习“方法”。根据“technology in the classroom to meet students’ needs”可知，此处指老师采用技术来满足学生的需求，动词embrace为“欣然接受，乐意采纳”符合题意，且与主语educators之间为主动关系，由空前are可知，用现在进行时态。故选I。
19．
考查动词。句意：只有当科技以 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )离线不可能的方式改善课程时，它才会受到青睐。根据上文“Diregt instruction from them will never be replaced in their classes.”可知，此处讲述在什么情况下，科技才会受到青睐。由此可知，动词favor为“偏爱；支持”符合题意，且与主语Technology之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。。故选G。
20．
考查副词。句意：他们不仅努力确保学生利用新 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )技术，而且教学生有价值的技能，可以帮助他们在一个不断分散他们注意力的世界中成功。分析句子可知，此处修饰动词 trying，用副词形式，副词constantly“不断地”符合题意。故选H。
（2021·上海市晋元高级中学高三期中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )）Directions：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．complicate ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d B． ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )concern C．disruptions D．eventually E.frequent F.healingG.holding H.reminder I. representatively J. vocalizing K.zero
Secrets are bad for your health
I grew up in a Midw ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )estern town where the popular wisdom was to only talk about what was pleasant and to keep secrets，if necessary，to make that happen.This meant staying silent when someone offended you，rarely 21． negative feelings and smiling a little more than is necessary. It also meant 22． room for airing any sort of dirty laundry，especially not the kinds of personal secrets that keep people up at night.
Many of us like to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) believe that sweeping unpleasant truths under the rug might make them 23． go away. Instead，keeping secrets--especially heavy ones--can spin an even more 24． web of isolation and deception. So why do we do it？
The truth can h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )urt. But in many situations，it s better to get it out and let the 25． start，rather than allowing it to become more dangerous.The burden of 26． in the truth doesn't just disappear. It hides itself in the back of your mind and can cause a number of 27． to your life and health.
"If the situations in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )your daily life are regular 28． of the secret，and you find it stressful to keep it，then yes，it can have emotional and physical consequences.” says Dr.Dean McKay. “Some people also find keeping secrets stressful out of a general 29． that they will 'slip’. This 30． and recurring thought of the secret can in itself be stressful.”
【标准答案】
21．J
22．K
23．D
24．A
25．F
26．G
27．C
28．H
29．B
30．E
【思路点拨】
这是一篇议论文。主要论述了掩饰内心真实情感，压抑自我对自身是有害的。
21．
考查非谓语动词。句意：这意味着当 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )有人冒犯你时，你要保持沉默，很少说出负面情绪，必要时多微笑一点。mean doing意味着……，此处是有and并列的三个动名词作宾语，根据句意，此处意指表露自己的负面情绪。vocalizing符合句意，故选J项。
22．
考查形容词。句意：这也意味着没有空间让任何不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )好的事情发生，尤其是那些让人夜不能寐的个人秘密。根据空格后名词room，可知此处要填形容词；根据前句，在有负面情绪时，在别人冒犯你时，你都不说出来，这就让不好的事情无法传达出去。zero符合句意，故选K项。
23．
考查副词。句意：我们许多人喜欢相信，把 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )不愉快的事实扫到地毯下面，它们最终可能会消失。根据句子结构，此处应该用副词修饰后面的动词go away；根据句意，此处意指最终会消失。eventually符合句意，故选D项。
24．
考查形容词。句意：相反，保 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )守秘密——尤其是重大的秘密——会编织出一张更加复杂的孤立和欺骗之网。根据句子结构可知，此处要填形容词修饰后面的名词web；根据句意，此处意指保守秘密会使情况变得更加复杂。complicated符合句意，故选A项。
25．
考查名词。句意：但在许多情况下， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )最好是把它说出来，让它开始愈合，而不是让它变得更危险。根据句子结构可知，此处要填名词作宾语；根据句意，此处意指让事情慢慢好起来。healing符合句意，故选F项。
26．
考查非谓语动词。句意：坚持真相的负担不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )会凭空消失。根据句子结构可知，此处位于介词of之后，名词the truth之前，所以要填动名词；根据句意，此处意指保守秘密，坚持真相。holding符合句意，故选G项。
27．
考查名词。句意：它隐藏在你的思 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )想深处，会对你的生活和健康造成许多困扰。分析句子结构可知，此处要填名词，在句中作宾语；根据句意，此处意指坚守真相，保守秘密的负担会对你的健康造成很多困扰。disruptions符合句意，故选C项。
28．
考查名词。句意：如果你日常生活中的情 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )况经常会提醒你这个秘密，而你觉得保守这个秘密很有压力，那么是的，它会对你的情绪和身体产生影响。分析句子结构可知，此处要填名词，在句中作表语；根据句意，此处意指生活中的一些事情经常会让你想到保守的这个秘密。reminder符合句意，故选H项。
29．
考查名词。句意：还有些人 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )因为普遍担心自己会“失言”，会觉得保守秘密让人感到压力。根据句子结构可知，此处要填名词；根据其后的宾语从句，可知此处意指担忧自己会失言，泄露秘密。concern符合句意，故选B项。
30．
考查形容词。句意：这种频繁反复 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )地想到秘密本身就会让人感到压力。根据句子结构可知，此处要填形容词，和and后的recurring并列修饰后面的名词thought；根据句意，此处意指经常反复地想到这个秘密。frequent符合句意，故选E项。
（2021·上海市延安中学高三期中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．prosperous B． ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dedicated C．defiance D．imitated E. instantly F. claimG. prioritized H. freedom I. notoriously J. traumatic K. profound
The French Icon Who Revolutionized Women’s Clothes
In fashion folklore, G ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )abrielle Coco Chanel is famously credited as the designer who popularized trousers, making them a key piece in women’s wardrobes, and also for helping to liberate women from the tyranny of the corset (紧身衣). Instead of caging them in stuffy designs, her clothes 31． freedom of movement, mobility and comfort. She broke down dressing codes by borrowing elements of men’s fashion, such as pockets and tweed (粗花呢). Like any good pioneer, Chanel’s 32． of societal and gender stereotypes early in her career confused some, and inspired others.
Indeed, a look b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ack at Chanel’s earlier career places her within the Roaring 20s, a time of indulgence driven by 33． economy and post-war recovery. Chanel was responding to the mood of the decade, designing clothes for women who exerted their new-found 34． by chopping off their hair and dancing to American jazz music all night. It’s easy to see why some view her as a feminist icon. Words like “feminine” and “femininity” appear often to describe her creations, though she never talked in these terms. What is really obvious, nevertheless, is that she placed women at the center of her creations and 35． her life to imagining a new way for women to experience fashion.
While the life ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of the legendary designer—for her 36． childhood as an abandoned orphan to the 37． that she was a spy for German intelligence—has been scrutinized (仔细审视) in film and books since her death in 1971, the body of her work and her contribution to women’s fashion is far less understood.
“There are more ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) than a hundred biographies about her, which talk mostly about her private life,” says Miren Arzalluz, co-curator of Gabrielle Chanel: Fashion Manifesto. “We thought we knew her. But what we realized was that we lacked a 38． knowledge of her work. As curators, we rediscovered Chanel.”
Take the iconic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) tweed suit, for example. The two-piece costume, 39． recognizable as signature Chanel, remains a staple in the modern woman’s luxury wardrobe nearly 70 years after it was first introduced to the world, and is 40． frequently in cheap versions by other brands. But beyond its aesthetic, there are definitive reasons that the suit has become an enduring classic. The secret lies in the details: the jacket was designed to be soft and light and the skirt is designed to rests comfortably on top of the hips and angles slightly backwards to hang below the knee, offering the wearer freedom of movement.
【标准答案】
31．G
32．C
33．A
34．H
35．B
36．J
37．F
38．K
39．E
40．D
【思路点拨】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了法国时装设计师加布里埃·香奈儿对女性时装的改革和创新。
31．
考查动词和时态。句意：她并没有将衣 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )服拘禁在保守的设计中，而是优先考虑行动自由、流行性和舒适性。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，根据句意可知，“行动自由、流行性和舒适性”是她在设计衣服时优先考虑的事情，“prioritize”意为“优先考虑”，动词词性，过去式为“prioritized”。故选G项。【出处：21教育名师】
32．
考查名词。句意：和任何优秀的先驱者一样，香奈 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )儿在职业生涯早期对社会和性别的陈旧观念的反抗让一些人感到困惑，也启发了一些人。根据句中“Chanel’s”可知，空格处应用名词，结合上文“Instead of caging them in stuffy designs”可知，她并没有将衣服拘禁在保守的设计中，由此可知，她对社会和性别的陈旧观念进行了反抗，“defiance”意为“反抗，违抗”，为不可数名词。故选C项。
33．
考查形容词。句意：事实上，回顾香奈 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )儿早年的职业生涯，她已经进入了20多岁的辉煌时期，经济繁荣和战后复苏推动了她的放纵。根据句中“economy”可知，空格处应用形容词，在句中作定语，结合句意可知，句中指“经济繁荣和战后复苏”，“prosperous”意为“繁荣的”，形容词词性。故选A项。
34．
考查名词。句意：香奈儿顺应了这十年的潮流 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，为那些通过剪掉头发和整夜随着美国爵士乐跳舞来实现新自由的女性设计服装。根据句中“their”可知，空格处应用名词，结合句中“by chopping off their hair and dancing to American jazz music all night”可知，“剪掉头发和整夜随着美国爵士乐跳舞”体现了女性在实现自由，“freedom”意为“自由”，为不可数名词。故选H项。
35．
考查动词和时态。句意：然而，真正显而易见 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的是，她将女性置于创作的中心，并将自己的一生致力于想象一种让女性体验时尚的新方式。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，结合句意可知，句中指香奈儿一生致力于想象一种让女性体验时尚的新方式，“dedicate”意为“奉献”，动词词性，“dedicate one’s life to doing”意为“毕生致力于做某事”，“dedicate”的过去式为“dedicated”。故选B项。
36．
考查形容词。句意：自从1971年去 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )世以来，这位传奇设计师在电影和书籍中一直在被仔细审视，审视她作为一名被遗弃的孤儿所度过的痛苦的童年，并声称她是德国情报局的间谍。然而，她的作品以及她对女性时尚的贡献却远未被人们所了解。根据句中“childhood”可知，空格处应用形容词，在句中作定语，结合句意可知，句中指“痛苦的童年”，“traumatic”意为“痛苦的”，形容词词性。故选J项。
37．
考查名词。句意：自从1971年去世以来，这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )位传奇设计师在电影和书籍中一直在被仔细审视，审视她作为一名被遗弃的孤儿所度过的痛苦的童年，并声称她是德国情报局的间谍。然而，她的作品以及她对女性时尚的贡献却远未被人们所了解。根据空格前不定冠词“the”可知，空格处应用名词，结合句意可知，句中指“声称她是德国情报局的间谍”，“claim”意为“声明，宣称”，名词词性，根据空格前不定冠词“the”可知，空格处应用其单数形式，特指对她是德国情报局的间谍的声明。故选F项。
38．
考查形容词。句意：我们以为我们了解 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )她。但我们意识到我们对她的作品缺乏深刻的了解。作为负责人，我们重新发现了香奈儿。根据句中“knowledge”可知，空格处应用形容词，在句中作定语，结合句意可知，句中指“我们对她的作品缺乏深刻的了解”，“profound”意为“深远的，深切的”，形容词词性。故选K项。
39．
考查副词。句意：以标志性的粗花呢套装为例。这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )种两件套的服装，立即就能认出是经典的香奈儿作品，在它首次被引入世界近70年后，它仍然是现代女性豪华衣柜中的一种主要服装，并且经常被其他品牌以廉价的形式模仿。根据句中“recognizable”可知，空格处应用副词，在句中作状语，结合句意可知，粗花呢套装是经典的香奈儿作品，应该是立即就能被认出，“instantly”意为“立即，马上”，副词词性。故选E项。
40．
考查动词和被动语态。句意：以标志性的粗花呢 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )套装为例。这种两件套的服装，立即就能认出是经典的香奈儿作品，在它首次被引入世界近70年后，它仍然是现代女性豪华衣柜中的一种主要服装，并且经常被其他品牌以廉价的形式模仿。根据句意可知，句中指香奈儿两件套的服装被其他品牌模仿，“imitate”意为“模仿”，动词词性，句中“two-piece costume”与“imitate”之间为被动关系，句子应用一般现在时的被动语态，空格处应用“imitate”的过去分词“imitated”。故选D项。
（2021·上海市吴淞中学高三期中）Dire ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ctions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．foresight B．b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )asic C．critical D．inconvenient E. inevitably F. minimumG. rate H. financing I. staffed J. typically K. prepared
Cities around ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the world are racing to declare themselves "smart". Smart cities make two fundamental promises: lots of data and automated decision-making based on that data. The ultimate smart city will require lots of existing and to-be-invented technologies, from sensors to artificial intelligence. For many, this promises a safer and more efficient city; for others, it raises questions about privacy and algorithmic （算法的）bias.
However, there ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is a more 41． concern when it comes to smart cities: They will be very complex to manage, with all sorts of unpredictable vulnerabilities.
As we know all too ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )well from our personal lives, technology ages rapidly, with glitches（小故障）becoming increasingly common only a couple of years into its life. We accept regular disruptions in the internet and cellphone functions as a fact of life.
But would we accept ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the same 42． of disruption in, say, our water and power services City infrastructure is designed to last decades or centuries and must always work.
Managing all the se ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nsors and data will require a municipal administration 43． by tech experts. Since current average salaries for tech workers are 44． higher than for public employees, such an administration is likely to be expensive. Besides, new technology in 2020 will be outdated before 2025. If we widely use smart tech in cities, we need to be 45． to replace it every few years, with the associated disruption and cost. But who will assume those costs
Cities must ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )plan for the inevitable moments when the sensors fail to matter how often we maintain them. Failures in engineered systems tend to come at the most 46． times, like when a storm drops high levels of water and, at the same time, knocks out the electricity to a smart water management system.
The most 47． ques ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tion, however, is whether having a smart city will make us better at solving urban problems. Data and algorithms alone don't add very much on their own. No matter how much data a city has, addressing urban challenges will still require stable long-term 48．, good management and effective personnel. If smart data identifies a road that needs paving, it still needs people to show up with tools.
As an infrastructure e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ngineer, I seek the simplest effective solution to a problem with a(n) 49． of negative consequences. For many of our urban challenges, we don't always need new technologies or new ideas; we need the 50． and courage to use the best of the old ideas.
【标准答案】
41．B
42．G
43．I
44．J
45．K
46．D
47．C
48．H
49．F
50．A
【思路点拨】
这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了智能城市所面对的一些不可预测的问题。
41．
考查形容词。句意：然而，当谈 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )到智能城市时，还有一个更基本的担忧:它们将非常复杂，有各种不可预测的脆弱性。分析句子可知，空处填形容词修饰名词。再根据“They will be very complex to manage, with all sorts of unpredictable vulnerabilities.”可知，空处填basic“基本的”作定语。故选B项。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
42．
考查名词。句意：但我们会接受同样的中断率吗，比如说，我们的水和电力服务？accept后接名词作宾语，rate“比率”符合句意。故选G项。
43．
考查过去分词。句意：管理所有 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )传感器和数据将需要一个由技术专家组成的市政管理机构。分析句子可知，空处填非谓语动词，根据“by tech experts.”可知，staff“任职于”符合句意。故选I项。
44．
考查副词。句意：由于目前科技工 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作者的平均工资通常高于公共部门雇员，这样的管理可能会很昂贵。分析句子可知，空处填副词修饰形容词，根据下文“such an administration is likely to be expensive.”可知，typically“通常”符合句意。故选J项。21教育网
45．
考查形容词。句意：如果我们在城市中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )广泛使用智能技术，我们需要准备好每隔几年就替换它，带来相关的破坏和成本。分析句子可知，空处填形容词作表语，根据上文“if we widely use smart tech in cities”可知，prepared“准备好的”符合句意。故选K项。
46．
考查形容词。句意：工程系统的故 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )障往往出现在最不方便的时候，比如当暴风雨降水量大时，同时，智能水管理系统的电力中断时。分析句子可知，空处填形容词作定语，根据下文“when a storm drops high levels of water and, at the same time, knocks out the electricity to a smart water management system.”可知，inconvenient“不方便的”符合句意。故选D项。
47．
考查形容词。句意：然而，最关键的问题是， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )拥有一个智慧城市是否会让我们更好地解决城市问题。分析句子可知，空处填形容词作定语，critical“关键的”符合句意。故选C项。
48．
考查名词。句意：无论一个城市有多少数据，应对 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )城市挑战仍然需要稳定的长期融资、良好的管理和有效的人才。分析句子可知，形容词修饰名词，financing“融资”符合句意。故选H项。
49．
考查名词。句意：作为一名基础 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )设施工程师，我寻求最简单有效的解决方案，以将负面影响降到最低。分析句子可知，with a后接名词, 再根据“I seek the simplest effective solution to a problem”可知，minimum“最小值，最低限度”符合句意。故选F项。
50．
考查名词。句意：我们需要先见之明和勇气来运用旧思想的精华。need后接名词作宾语，foresight“先见之明”符合句意。故选A项。
（2021·上海市徐汇中学高三期中）Dir ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．address；B．emerged；C．harmoniously；D．plex； F. fashion；G. troublesome；H. understandablyI. initial；J. harvest；K. novel
With the rapi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d growth of the aging population in China, the installation of elevators in old communities has gradually become an inevitable issue. A lot of neighborhoods are living no longer 51． due to the living ills of their six-story, elevator-less buildings.
Recently, a r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )esidential 52． in Hangzhou has come up with an initiative designed to 53． the problem as to how to raise funds for facilities much-needed by elderly residents, which are called “public transit elevators.” Pay one yuan, and you can take the ride once, just like taking a bus. The price remains unchanged whether you take the lift by yourself or with your whole family. From my perspective, this 54． solution is quite necessary, but still needs improvement.
The greatest conce ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rn is the price. Residents in old communities have been at odds with one another regarding how to most effectively distribute the necessary money with which to pay for the installation of elevators. Most residents living on lower floors are 55． reluctant to pay for an elevator to be installed given that it will likely end up occupying their common area of public space. For those living on higher floors, however, the lack of elevator can often be quite 56．, especially for the elderly. Therefore, although the installation charge has been cut down to a very low level by adding pay-to-use elevators, how to properly allocate(分配) the 57． costs involved remains to be negotiated. Another problem has 58． concerning who’ll ultimately pay for the ride, suppose two families share one elevator at the same time.
Much easier ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as it is to work things on paper, it requires a considerable investment of financial and material resources in its initial stage, and it will only be able to 59． subtle returns, at least in the short run, making it challenging for whatever authority to carry out the proposal.
Still we have to p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lace ourselves in the position in which we can best serve the greater society and by this, treat the issue in a more reasonable 60． so as to minimize any potential losses.
【标准答案】
51．C
52．E
53．A
54．K
55．H
56．G
57．I
58．B
59．J
60．F
【思路点拨】
这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了杭州的一个住宅区提出一项旨在解决如何为老年居民急需的设施“公交电梯”筹集资金的问题的倡议。
51．
考查副词。句意：许多社区的生活不再 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )那么和谐，因为他们的六层楼房，没有电梯造成生活困难。副词harmoniously“和谐地”符合句意，修饰动词living。故选C项。
52．
考查名词。句意：最近，杭州的一个住宅区 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )提出了一项倡议，旨在解决如何为老年居民急需的设施筹集资金的问题，这些设施被称为“公交电梯”。名词complex“(类型相似的)建筑群，（住宅）区”符合句意，在句中用作主语，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故选E项。
53．
考查动词。句意：最近，杭州的一个住 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )宅区提出了一项倡议，旨在解决如何为老年居民急需的设施筹集资金的问题，这些设施被称为“公交电梯”。动词address“设法解决；处理”符合句意，构成不定式，作目的状语。故选A项。
54．
考查形容词。句意：在我看来，这种新 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )颖的解决方案是非常必要的，但仍需要改进。形容词novel“新的”符合句意，作定语修饰名词solution。故选K项。
55．
考查副词。句意：大多数住在较低楼层 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的居民不愿意为安装电梯买单，这是可以理解的，因为电梯最终可能会占用他们的公共空间。副词understandably“可以理解地”符合句意，修饰形容词reluctant。故选H项。
56．
考查形容词。句意：然而，对于那些 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )住在较高楼层的人来说，缺少电梯往往是相当麻烦的，尤其是对老年人来说。形容词troublesome“麻烦的”符合句意，和系动词be构成系表结构。故选G项。
57．
考查形容词。句意：因此，尽管安装费用已经通过 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )增加使用电梯的费用降至非常低的水平，但如何合理分配所涉及的初始成本仍有待协商。形容词initial“最初的”符合句意，用作定语修饰名词costs。故选I项。
58．
考查动词。句意：另一个问题出现了，如果 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )两个家庭同时共用一部电梯，那么最终谁来支付乘坐费用。动词过去分词emerged“出现”符合句意，和前文助动词has一起构成现在完成时作谓语。故选B项。
59．
考查动词。句意：虽然在书面上 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )工作要容易得多，但它需要在初始阶段投入大量的财力和物力资源，而且它只能收获微小的回报，至少在短期内是如此，这使得任何当局都难以实施该提案。动词harvest“收获”符合句意，和前文will only be able to构成复合谓语。故选J项。
60．
考查名词固定短语。句意：然而，我们必须使自己 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )处于一种能够最好地为更大的社会服务的位置，从而以更合理的方式处理这一问题，以尽量减少任何潜在的损失。介词短语in (a)…fashion“以……方式”是固定搭配，符合句意。故选F项。
（2020-2021年上 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )海·位育中学高三期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．disturbing； ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )B．accustomed；C．deposit；D．prospects；E. inheritedF. overcome；G. vaguely；H. bettering；I. flexible；J. miracle；K. rewarded
For more tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n three centuries, the American colonies and later, the United States have been a place for many "have-nots" to make the "American Dream" come true for themselves and to become "haves." And the optimism that people have, knowing that this61．will always happen, has grown out of some key elements in the history of the nation, a nation that has differed profoundly from every other country in the world. The economic62．of the nation will also be very much tied to these success stories. Three characteristics have contributed to such attainments.
First, the United Sta ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tes had natural resources undreamed of in other parts of the world. For farmers and ranchers there was land, often to be had cheaply or even for free. There were endless forests to supply lumber and rich63．of coal, oil, silver, copper and gold. Besides, critical to the development of these resources was a population of both native-born Americans and immigrant who were connected by their common work ethic. This ethic held that industry and thrift should be
64．with - as Ben ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )jamin Franklin says -- "a State of Affluence and some Degree of Reputation in the World," These Americans believed in self improvement as well as in the nobility of all kinds of work. They also, if somewhat65．, often linked material success with spiritual movement. Next, by and large, America was characterized by a(n) 66．class structure. In contrast to England and other European countries with their history of aristocrats（贵族）, this country was filled by numerous communities in which family connections or67．money counted for little.
However, the pur ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )suit of American Dream sometimes also proved to be a source of tension and strain. At the beginning of the 20th century, writers like Jack London and F. Scott Fitzgerald depicted a lot of "have-not" characters whose fate is not a matter of free will. They are68．by forces beyond their control. Often, in their works, children or young people are victimized by poverty that prevents them from69．themselves. Convinced that a person's destiny is the result of his or her heredity interacting with the environment, they employ many70． details to explore the oppressive world in which their characters are trapped. Analyzing characters' assumptions and values continued to illuminate the American experience.
【标准答案】
61．J
62．D
63．C
64．K
65．G
66．I
67．E
68．F
69．H
70．A
【思路点拨】
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是许多“穷人”实现自己的“美国梦”并成为“富人”的原因。
61．
考查名词。句意：人们所拥有的乐观主义， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )知道这个奇迹永远会发生，是源于美国历史上的一些关键因素，这个国家与世界上任何一个国家都截然不同。由“the United States have been a place for many "have-nots" to make the "American Dream" come true for themselves and to become "haves."”可知，美国一直是许 多“穷人”实现自己的“美国梦”并成为“富人”的地方，这是个奇迹，因此空格处是“奇迹”，故选J。
62．
考查名词。句意：国家的经济前景也将与这些成功 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )故事紧密相连。由“economic”和“these success stories”可知，句子表示“国家的经济前景也将与这些成功故事紧密相连”，因此空格处是“前景”，即prospect，前面无冠词，空格处用复数，故选D。
63．
考查名词。句意：这里有无尽的森林 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可以提供木材，还有丰富的煤炭、石油、白银、铜和黄金矿藏。由“coal, oil, silver, copper and gold”可知，这里有丰富的煤炭、石油、白银、铜和黄金矿藏，因此空格处是“矿床”，即deposit，故选C。
64．
考查动词。句意：这种观念认为 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，勤劳和节俭应该得到回报——正如本杰明·富兰克林所说的——“一个富裕的国家和在世界上一定程度上的声誉”。由“industry and thrift”和“ "a State of Affluence and some Degree of Reputation in the World,"”可知，句子表 示“勤劳和节俭应该得到一个富裕的国家和在世界上一定程度上的声誉这样的回报”，因此空格处是“回报”，是reward，是被回报，因此空格处是过去分词，故选K。
65．
考查副词。句意：他们还常常模糊 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )地将物质成功与精神运动联系在一起。由“linked material success with spiritual movement”可知，他们还常常模糊地将物质成功与精神运动联系在一起，空格处是“模糊地”，是vaguely，故选G。
66．
考查形容词。句意：其次，总的来说，美国的特点 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是阶级结构灵活。根据常识可知，美国阶级结构灵活，因此空格处是“灵活的”，即flexible，故选I。
67．
考查过去分词。句意：与拥有贵 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )族历史的英国和其他欧洲国家相比，这个国家充满了众多的社区，在这些社区中，家族关系和继承的金钱并不重要。由“family connections”可知，在这些社区中，家族关系和继承的金钱并不重要，空格处是“继承”，是inherit，钱是被继承，因此空格处是过去分词inherited，故选E。
68．
考查动词。句意：他们被自 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )己无法控制的力量所征服。由“by forces beyond their control”可知，他们被自己无法控制的力量所征服，空格处是“征服”，是overcome，他们是被征服，因此空格处用过去分词overcome，故选F。
69．
考查动名词。句意：在他们的作 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )品中，儿童或年轻人常常成为贫困的受害者，而贫困使他们无法改善自己。由“victimized by poverty”可知，儿童或年轻人常常成为贫困的受害者，而贫困使他们无法改善自己，因此空格处是“改善”，是better，空格处用动名词作from的宾语，故选H。
70．
考查形容词。句意：他们相信一个人的命运是他 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )或她的遗传与环境相互作用的结果，他们使用许多令人不安的细节来探索他们的角色被困的压抑的世界。由“their characters are trapped”可知，他们使用许多令人不安的细节来探索他们的角色被困的压抑的世界，空格处是“令人不安的”，故选A。
（2020-2021年上海市市西中学高三期中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．portraits B．resistance C．mixed D．forgotten E. concerns F. drafts
G. explores H. alternatives I. criticizes J. regarding K. inspired
The Great Ga ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tsby is a 1925 novel written by American author F. Scott Fitzgerald that follows a cast of characters living in the fictional town of West Egg on prosperous Long island in the summer of 1922. The story primarily 71． the young and mysterious millionaire Jay Gatsby and his crazy passion and obsession for the beautiful former lover Daisy Buchanan. Considered to be Fitzgerald's masterpiece, the Great Gatsby 72． themes of degradation, idealism, 73． to chance and social conflicts, creating 74． of the Jazz Age or the Roaring Twenties described as a warming tale 75． the American Dream.
Fitzgerald- 76 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )． by the parties he had attended while visiting Long Island's north shore - began planning the novel in 1923, desiring to produce, in his words, "something new - something extraordinary and beautiful and simple and elaborately patterned." Progress was slow, with Fitzgerald completing his 77． following a move to the French Riviera in 1924. His editor, Maxwell Perkins, felt the book was vague and persuaded the author to revise over the next winter. Fitzgerald repeatedly hesitated about the book's title and he considered a variety of 78．, including titles that referenced the Roman character Trimalchi o; the title he was last documented to have desired was Under the Red, White and Blue.
First published in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )April 1925, the Great Gatsby received 79． reviews and sold 20,000 copies in its first year. Fitzgerald died in 1940, believing himself to be a failure and his work 80．. However, the novel experienced a revival during World War II, and became a part of American high school curricula and numerous stage and film adaptations in the following decades. Today, the Great Gatsby is widely considered to be a literary classic and a competitor for the title "Great American Novel".
【标准答案】
71．E
72．G
73．B
74．A
75．J
76．K
77．F
78．H
79．C
80．D
【思路点拨】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了小说《伟大的盖茨比》的故事概要，以及其作者F. Scott Fitzgerald创造这部小说的经过。
71．
考查动词。句意：故事主要讲述了年轻而 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )神秘的百万富翁杰伊·盖茨比和他对美丽的前情人黛西·布坎南的疯狂迷恋。空处作谓语，根据后文the young and mysterious millionaire Jay Gatsby and his crazy passion and obsession for the beautiful former lover Daisy Buchanan以及句意表示“涉及，讲述”应用concern，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为story，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填concerns。故选E。
72．
考查动词。句意：《了不起 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的盖茨比》被认为是菲茨杰拉德的杰作，它探讨了堕落、理想主义、抵制机遇和社会冲突等主题，描绘了爵士乐时代或繁荣的二十年代，并被描述为一个有关美国梦的温暖故事。空处作谓语，根据后文themes of degradation, idealism，结合句意表示“探讨”应用动词explore，此处为一般现在时，主语为the Great Gatsby，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填explores。故选G。
73．
考查名词。句意：《了不起的盖茨比》被认为是菲 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )茨杰拉德的杰作，它探讨了堕落、理想主义、抵制机遇和社会冲突等主题，描绘了爵士乐时代或繁荣的二十年代，并被描述为一个有关美国梦的温暖故事。作宾语，根据后文 to chance ，结合句意表示“抵制”应用名词resistance，不可数。故填resistance。故选B。
74．
考查名词。句意：《了不起的盖茨 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )比》被认为是菲茨杰拉德的杰作，它探讨了堕落、理想主义、抵制机遇和社会冲突等主题，描绘了爵士乐时代或繁荣的二十年代，并被描述为一个有关美国梦的温暖故事。作宾语，根据后文of the Jazz Age or the Roaring Twenties ，结合句意表示“描绘”应用名词portrait，此处前文没有冠词，应用复数形式。故填portraits。故选A。
75．
考查介词。句意：《了不起的盖茨比》被认 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为是菲茨杰拉德的杰作，它探讨了堕落、理想主义、抵制机遇和社会冲突等主题，描绘了爵士乐时代或繁荣的二十年代，并被描述为一个有关美国梦的温暖故事。后跟名词 the American Dream作宾语，表示“关于”应用介词regarding。故填regarding。故选J。
76．
考查动词。句意：菲茨杰拉德在访问长岛北岸时 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，受到了参加派对的启发，于1923年开始策划这部小说，用他的话来说，希望创作出“新颖的东西——非凡的、美丽的、简单的、精心设计的东西。”根据后文by the parties he had attended while visiting Long Island's north shore以及句意“受启发”应用动词inspire，此处与逻辑主语Fitzgerald构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填inspired。故选K。
77．
考查名词。句意：进展缓慢，菲茨杰 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )拉德在1924年搬到法国里维埃拉后完成了他的草稿。空处作宾语，根据上文with Fitzgerald completing his，结合句意表示“草稿”应用名词drafts，前文没有冠词，应用复数形式。故填drafts。故选F。
78．
考查名词。句意：菲茨杰拉德反复犹豫书名的选择 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，他考虑了各种各样的选择，包括引用罗马人物特里马乔的书名；他最后一次想写的标题是《红白蓝之下》。 空处作宾语，结合句意表示“选择”应用名词alternative，由a variety of修饰应用复数形式。故填alternatives。故选H。
79．
考查形容词。句意：《了不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )起的盖茨比》于1925年4月首次出版，反响不一，第一年只卖出了2万册。修饰后文名词reviews，结合句意表示“褒贬不一的”应用形容词mixed。故填mixed。故选C。
80．
考查动词。句意：菲茨杰拉德 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )于1940年去世，他认为自己是个失败者，他的作品也被遗忘了。结合句意表示“忘记”应用动词forget，与逻辑主语work构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填forgotten。故选D。
（2020-2021年上海 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )市大同中学高三期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．contact；B．shifting；C．precisely；D．term；E. identifying；F. illustratedG. initially；H. sounding；I. divided；J. caution；K. frustrating
On Jan. 22, two days a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fter Chinese officials first publicized the serious threat posed by the new virus ravaging the city of Wuhan, the chief of the World Health Organization held the first of what would be months of almost daily media briefings, 81． the alarm, telling the world to take the outbreak seriously.
But with its offic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ials 82．, the W.H.O., still seeing no evidence of sustained spread of the virus outside of China, declined the next day to declare a global public health emergency. A week later, the organization reversed course and made the declaration.
Those early days of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the epidemic 83． the strengths and weaknesses of the W.H.O., an arm of the United Nations that is now under fire by President Trump, who on Tuesday ordered a cutoff of American funding to the organization.
With limited, cons ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tantly 84． information to go on, the W.H.O. showed an early, consistent determination to treat the new contagion(接触性传染病) like the threat it would become, and to persuade others to do the same. At the same time, the organization repeatedly praised China, acting and speaking with a political 85． born of being an arm of the United Nations, with few resources of its own, unable to do its work without international cooperation.
It was on the day ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of the lockdown in Wuhan that the W.H.O. at first declined to declare a global emergency, its officials split and expressing concern about 86． a particular country as a threat, and about the impact of such a declaration on people in China. Such caution is a standard — if often 87． — fact of life for United Nations agencies, which operate by consensus(共识) and have usually avoided even a hint of criticizing nations directly.
It is impossib ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le to know whether the nations of the world would have acted sooner if the W.H.O. had called the epidemic a global emergency a week earlier than it did.
But day after day, Dr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). Tedros, in his rambling(冗长含糊的) style, was delivering less formal warnings, telling countries to contain the virus while it was still possible, to do testing and 88． tracing, and isolate those who might be infected.
The organiza ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tion was criticized for not 89． calling the contagion a pandemic, meaning an epidemic spanning the globe. The 90． has no official significance within the W.H.O., and officials insisted that using it would not change anything, but Dr. Tedros began to do so on March 11, explaining that he made the change to draw attention because too many countries were not taking the group’s warnings seriously enough.
【标准答案】
81．H
82．I
83．F
84．B
85．J
86．E
87．K
88．A
89．G
90．D
【思路点拨】
这是一篇新闻报道。1月22日 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，在中国官员首次公布了肆虐武汉市的新型病毒所带来的严重威胁两天后，世界卫生组织的负责人召开了今后几个月几乎每天都要召开的媒体通报会的第一次会议，敲响了警钟，告诉全世界要认真对待这次疫情。文章主要说明了此次疫情爆发，世界卫生组织所发挥的作用和其中存在的一些问题。
81．
考查非谓语动词。句意：1月22日，在中国官 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )员首次公布了肆虐武汉市的新型病毒所带来的严重威胁两天后，世界卫生组织的负责人召开了今后几个月几乎每天都要召开的媒体通报会的第一次会议，敲响了警钟，告诉全世界要认真对待这次疫情。结合句意表示“敲响”应用sound，且分析句子结构可知sound在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语media briefings构成主动关系，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填sounding。故选H。
82．
考查形容词。句意：但由于官员们意见不一， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )世卫组织仍然没有发现病毒在中国以外持续传播的证据，因此拒绝在第二天宣布进入全球公共卫生紧急状态。此处为with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，结合句意表示“意见不一，有分歧的”应用形容词divided作宾补。故填divided。故选I。
83．
考查动词时态。句意：疫情爆发的最初 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )几天显示了世卫组织的优势和弱点，作为联合国的一个分支，该组织目前正受到特朗普总统的抨击，特朗普于周二下令切断美国对该组织的资助。分析句子可知，此处为主句谓语动词，结合句意表示“显示”可知应用动词illustrate，且结合上文Those early days可知应用一般过去时。故填illustrated。故选F。
84．
考查形容词。句意：由于信息有限，而且不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )断变化，世卫组织表现出了一种早期的、一贯的决心，即把这种新的传染病当作它可能成为的威胁来对待，并说服其他国家也这么做。修饰后文名词information，表示“变化的”应用形容词shifting。故填shifting。故选B。
85．
考查名词。句意：与此同时，联合国一再赞扬中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )国，作为联合国的一个机构，中国的言行都带有一种政治上的谨慎，而联合国自身资源很少，没有国际合作就无法开展工作。结合上文a political以及句意“谨慎”可知应填单数名词caution。故填caution。故选J。
86．
考查非谓语动词。句意：正是在武汉封锁的那一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )天，世卫组织起初拒绝宣布全球进入紧急状态，该组织的官员出现了分歧，对确定某个国家为威胁，以及这样的声明对中国人民的影响表示担忧。结合句意“确定”可知应用动词identify，此处作介词about的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填identifying。故选E。
87．
考查形容词。句意：如果是令 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )人沮丧的生死攸关的事实，联合国机构的标准是持谨慎态度，因为这些机构以协商一致的方式运作，通常避免直接批评国家的一丝一毫。结合句表示“令人沮丧的”可知应用形容词frustrating，作定语修饰名词fact。故填frustrating。故选K。
88．
考查固定短语。句意：但日复一日，谭德 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )赛博士以他那冗长含糊的风格，在发布着不太正式的警告，告诉各国要趁早控制病毒，进行检测和接触者追踪，并隔离那些可能被感染的人。结合句意表示“接触者追踪”可知短语为contact tracing，根据上文to do testing and可知应填原形。故填contact。故选A。
89．
考查副词。句意：该组织被批评一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )开始没有将这种传染病称为“pandemic”，即一种全球范围内的流行病。修饰后文动词call，表示“一开始”应用副词initially，作状语。故填initially。故选G。
90．
考查名词。句意：这个术语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在世卫组织内部没有官方意义，官员们坚称，使用这个词不会改变什么，但谭德赛从3月11日开始这么做，他解释说，他这么做是为了吸引人们的注意，因为有太多国家没有足够重视世卫组织的警告。本空作主语，结合句意表示“术语”可知应填名词term，该词是可数名词，根据后文has可知应填单数。故填term。故选D。
（2020-2021年上海师范大学 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )附属外国语中学高三期中）Directions: After reading the passage and the sentences below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
A．bind B．exact ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) C．intently D．covers E. alert F. instantlyG. remains H. springs I. attack J. identify K. triggered
Antibodies play a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )key role in the immune system. They begin the process of getting rid of the invaders that may cause harm or infection. This lesson 91．how antibodies work and the different kinds of antibodies.
What Are Antibodies
Antibodies, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )also known as immunoglobulins, are Y-shaped proteins that are produced by the immune system to help stop intruders from harming the body. When an intruder enters the body, the immune system 92．into action. These invaders, which are called antigens (抗原), can be viruses, bacteria, or other chemicals. When an antigen is found in the body, the immune system will create antibodies to mark the antigen for the body to destroy.
Function
The antibodies act so ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rt of like the immune system’s scouts. They find antigens, stick to them, and 93．for the immune system the 94．type of antigen so that it can be destroyed. Each antibody is made for one and only one antigen, and it’s fitted with special receptors that will only 95．to that antigen. For instance, a specific antibody is created to help destroy the chickenpox virus. Only that particular antibody will attack a chickenpox virus.
How Antibodies Fight Antigens
So what happens when ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) an antigen tries to enter the body When it does, the immune system is 96．. Chemical signals are sent to 97．all the different parts of the immune system into action.21·cn·jy·com
First, the virus is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )met by a type of cell called B cells. The B cells are responsible for creating antibodies to match the antigen. Remember, each type of antibody matches to only one antigen. After the B cells have created their antibodies, the antibodies stick to the virus, marking it for the next round of 98．. T cells are then ordered to attack the antigen that the antibodies have marked for it.
After the anti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gen has been destroyed, the cleanup crew comes along. A wave of phagocytes large cells that can consume foreign matter, eats the 99．of the infection.
Immunizations
After an infec ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tion is defeated, the antibodies still remain in the body. They are left there to wait in case that particular antigen returns. Immunizations take advantage of the fact that antibodies remain in the body after an infection is eradicated. Most immunizations consist of a weak or diluted form of an antigen-not enough of the antigen to make the patient sick, but just enough to trigger the creation of antibodies. This way, the body can100．attack any form of the infection it encounters, stopping the infections before they begin.
【标准答案】
91．D
92．H
93．J
94．B
95．A
96．K
97．E
98．I
99．G
100．F
【思路点拨】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了抗体、抗体功能及其作用等。
91．
考查动词。句意：这节课包括抗体是如何工作的以及不同种类的抗体。此处缺乏谓语动词，动词covers(包括、覆盖)符合句意。故选D项。
92．
考查动词。句意：当入侵者进入人体时，免 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )疫系统就会迅速行动起来。此处缺乏谓语动词，spring into(行动起来)，动词springs(跃、突然猛烈地移动)符合句意。故选H项。
93．
考查动词。句意：他们找到抗原 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，粘住他们，为免疫系统识别出确切的抗原类型，以便将其摧毁。此处缺乏谓语动词，与and前面的谓语find和stick to并列，动词identify(识别)符合句意。故选J项。
94．
考查形容词。句意：他们找 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )到抗原，粘住他们，为免疫系统识别出确切的抗原类型，以便将其摧毁。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词type，形容词exact(确切的)符合句意。故选B项。
95．
考查动词。句意：每一种抗体都是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )针对一种抗原而制备的，它配备了只与抗原结合的特殊受体。助动词will 后接动词原形，动词bind(结合)符合句意。故选A项。
96．
考查被动语态。句意：一旦发生，免疫系统就会 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )被触发。此处缺乏谓语动词，被动语态(be done)，此处用过去分词，过去分词triggered(触发)符合句意。故选K项。
97．
考查动词。句意：化学信号被发送来警 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )告免疫系统的所有不同部分采取行动。此处是动词不定式(to do)，此处用动词原形形式，动词alert(向……报警)符合句意。故选E项。
98．
考查名词。句意：在B细胞产生抗体后，抗 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )体会粘附在病毒上，为下一轮攻击做好准备。the next round of ___8___是名词所有格，此处用名词形式，名词attack(攻击)符合句意。故选I项。
99．
考查名词。句意：一波吞噬细胞能吞 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )噬异物，吞噬感染残余物。the ___9___of the infection是名词所有格，此处用名词形式，名词remains(剩余物、残留物)符合句意。故选G项。
100．
考查副词。句意：这样，身体可 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )以立即攻击它遇到的任何形式的感染，在感染开始之前阻止它们。此处用副词作状语修饰动词attack，副词instantly(立即)符合句意。故选F项。
（2020-2021年上海市松江一中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )高三期中）Directions: After reading the passage and the sentences below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
Daily Life in Ancient Africa
A．respectable ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B．unique C．graduating D．return E. evident F. movedG. distinctive H. travelled I. harmony J. creativity K. winning
This painting titled ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Enchanied Melody (1986) (魔法旋律) was created by the Iranian master of Persian miniature Mahmoud Farshchian (1930-).
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )
He was born in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the great city of architecture, art and love, Esfahan. At the age of five, it became 101． that his life would be devoted to art and painting. His father, a 102． Persian Carpet merchant in Esfahan, encouraged his interest in design and planted the seeds of art in his heart. While still in school, he was invited to learn painting from the famous masters of the time. After 103． from the Academy of Fine Arts in Isfahan, he 104． to Europe to study the works of western artists. Upon his 105． to Isfahan, he began working in the Directorate of Fine Arts. He joined the Faculty of Fine Arts of Tehran University as an art professor. It was there that he created many of his 106． masterpieces. And then he 107． to the United States and currently resides in New York.
The painting, En ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )chanted Melody, portrays the beautiful ancient story of falling in love. There is 108． with mature and the melody of the flute (长笛) flows through the rich air of a sweet autumn day. The man is clearly successful in winning the young woman's heart by playing the flute. He has achieved a 109． style and created a school of his own in painting. Some of his talents are his own wonderful sense of 110．, his motive designs, his creation of round spaces, his smooth and powerful lines, and his creation of undulating colors.
Today, Farshchian does ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) not only belong to Iran, but he is a global artist. He had travelled the globe, studied, taught and worked with various global artists and left us a rich legacy of artwork.
【标准答案】
101．E
102．A
103．C
104．H
105．D
106．B
107．F
108．I
109．G
110．J
【思路点拨】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了全球闻名的艺术家Farshchian及其作品。
101．
考查形容词。句意：在他五岁的时候，很明显，他 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的一生将致力于艺术和绘画。it became evident that很明显……。evident明显的。故选E。
102．
考查形容词。句意：他的父亲是一位 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在伊斯法罕的受人尊敬的波斯地毯商人，鼓励他对设计的兴趣，并在他心中播下艺术的种子。修饰名词merchant，前用形容词形式。respectable值得尊重的。故选A。
103．
考查非谓语动词。句意：从伊斯法罕美术学院毕业 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )后，他前往欧洲学习西方艺术家的作品。句中逻辑主语he与graduate之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。所以填graduating。故选C。
104．
考查动词。句意：从伊斯法罕美术学院毕业后， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )他前往欧洲学习西方艺术家的作品。句中缺少谓语动词。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。所以填travelled。故选H。21*cnjy*com
105．
考查名词。句意：回到伊斯法 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )罕后，他开始在美术理事会工作。介词upon后接名词或动名词，根据形容词性物主代词his可知，用名词形式。所以填return。故选D。
106．
考查形容词。句意：正是在那里，他创作了许多独特的杰作。修饰名词masterpieces，前用形容词形式。unique独特的。故选B。
107．
考查动词。句意：之后他移居美国，目前居住在纽约。move to移到。故选F。
108．
考查名词。句意：有成熟的和谐，长笛的旋律在甜美的秋日浓郁的空气中流淌。harmony with与……调和/融洽。故选I。
109．
考查形容词。句意：他在绘 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )画方面独树一帜，创造了自己的画派。修饰名词，用形容词形式。distinctive 独特的，有特色的，与众不同的。故选G。
110．
考查名词。句意：他的一些才 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )能是他自己奇妙的创新意识，他的动机设计，他的创造圆形空间，他的流畅和有力的线条，他的创造波动的色彩。sense of creativity 创新意识。故选J。
（2020-2021年上海·华 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )东师范大学松江实验高级中学高三期中）Directions: After reading the passage and the sentences below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
A．accurate ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B．alteration C．average D．calculates E. conceal F. enormously G. initial H. intervals I. merely J. multiply K. prediction
Beyond two or three d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ays, the world’s best weather forecasts are doubtful, and beyond six or seven they are worthless.
The Butterfly E ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ffect is the reason. For small pieces of weather—to a global forecaster, small can mean thunder—storms and blizzards—any 111．becomes worse rapidly. Errors and uncertainties 112．, gathering upward through a chain of unable features, from dust devils(尘旋风) and storms up to continent-size eddies(旋涡)113．satellites can see.
The modern we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ather models work with net-like points sixty miles apart, and even so, some 114．data have to be guessed, since ground stations and satellites cannot see everywhere. But suppose the earth could be covered with sensors placed one foot apart, rising at one-foot 115． all the way to the top of the atmosphere. Suppose every sensor gives perfectly 116．readings of temperature, pressure, humidity(温度), and any other data a weatherman would want. Exactly at noon a(n) 117． powerful computer takes all the data and 118．what will happen at each point at 12.01, then 12.02, then 12.03…
The computer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) will still be unable to predict whether Princeton will have sun or rain one month away. At noon the spaces between the sensors will 119．alterations that the computer will not know about, tiny variations from the 120．. By 12.01, those fluctuations will already have created small errors one foot away. Soon the errors will have added to the ten-foot scale，and so on up to the size of the globe.
【标准答案】
111．K
112．J
113．I
114．G
115．H
116．A
117．F
118．D
119．E
120．C
【思路点拨】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要关于 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )天气预报，世界上最好的两三天以上的天气预报是靠不住的，如果超过六七天，天气预报就没有任何价值了。文章分析了这背后的原因，以及进行天气预报的操作过程。
111．
考查名词。句意：对于全球预报员来说，小 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )范围的天气可能意味着雷雨和暴风雪，任何预测都会迅速变得更糟。此处作主语，结合句意表示“预测”应用名词prediction，且表抽象概念，不可数。故填prediction。故选K。
112．
考查动词时态。句意：误差和不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )确定性成倍增加，通过一连串无法预测的特征向上聚集，从尘旋风和风暴到只有卫星能看到的大陆大小的涡旋。此处作谓语，结合句意表示“成倍增加”应用动词multiply，且陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，主语为Errors and uncertainties，动词用原形。故填multiply。故选J。
113．
考查副词。句意：误差和不确定 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )性成倍增加，通过一连串无法预测的天气状况向上聚集，从尘旋风和风暴到只有卫星能看到的大陆大小的涡旋。修饰后文整个句子，表示“只有”应用副词merely。故填merely。故选I。
114．
考查形容词。句意：即使这样，一些 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )最初的资料也不得不依靠推测，因为地面工作站和卫星不可能看到地球上的每一个地方。修饰后文名词data应用形容词，表示“最初的”应用initial作定语。故填initial。故选G。
115．
考查名词。句意：但假设地球上可以布满传感器， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )每个相隔1英尺，按1英尺的间隔从地面一直上升到大气层顶端。作宾语，结合句意表示“间隔”应用名词interval，此处间隔不止一处应用复数形式。故填intervals。故选H。
116．
考查形容词。句意：假设每个传感器都非 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )常准确地读出了温度、压力、湿度和气象员需要的任何其他数据。修饰后文名词readings应用形容词，且表示“准确的”应用形容词accurate作定语。故填accurate。故选A。
117．
考查副词。句意：恰好在中午时分，一台 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )力量非常强大的计算机将所有数据收集并计算出来，并计算出12. 01，12. 02，12. 03每个时间点会发生什么……修饰后文形容词powerful，且表示“非常”应用副词enormously。故填enormously。故选F。
118．
考查动词时态。句意：恰好在中午时分，一台 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )力量非常强大的计算机将所有数据收集并计算出来，
