中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
编者小注：
本专辑专为2022年上海新高考英语二轮总复习及1月春考准备。
说说编写思路：
版块一：冲刺讲义10讲，注重方法 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )性学习，对于知识的拆解全面到位，选题主要根据上海官方公布的近五年级春秋考真题试题为主，近两年一二模测试及今年最新期中试题为辅。
版块二：专练8讲，注重常考题型，高频考点的训练，数十篇选材均选于近两年上海高三四校、八金刚及十三名校之真题
版块三：模拟满分卷4套，供大家在完成以上讲练后进行整体测试，满分140分。
希望助上海的莘莘学子在求学路上一臂之力。
专练4：阅读理解单选ABC篇特训50篇（学生版）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读选择
（2021·上海市进才中学高三月考）ADOPTION CRITERIA:
Adopters are requi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )red to pay a $750 adoption fee at the time of adoption.21cnjy.com
Interested a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dopters and their families must be willing to travel, at their own expense, to our San Rafael. California campus within a week of being notified by our Dog Placement office that a potentially suitable dog is available. In particular, children under the age of 10 need to accompany their parents, to ensure the dog will be a good family match.
It is strongly rec ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ommended that any dog already in the household also come to the campus to meet the new dog on neutral ground and to improve the likelihood of a smooth transition.
Adopters must be willing to do the following:
☆ Purchase an extra ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) large size container for use in the transition to the new home.
☆ Attend dog traini ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng classes appropriate to the temperament of the new dog. Career change dogs often need further training or behavior modification.
☆ Have either a f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ully fenced area or kennel run at least five feet in height. A fence check will be performed prior to any dog going home. A fence check will not be performed until and unless a suitable dog is available.
ADOPTION RPOCESS
If you meet the ado ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ption criteria, the steps in the application are easy.
1. Complete the online application (link below).
2. If we have ques ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tions or need further information from you, we will contact you by phone. The volume of applications we receive does not permit responses to individual inquiries about the status of an application. Applicants not selected for adoption consideration will be notified by letter.
3. We will contact ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you by phone if and when we have a dog that may be suitable for you. At that time, you’ll receive a detailed description of the dog, including the reason it was career changed form the program, what it was like in the puppy raising home, what its current needs are, etc.
4. We will arrange an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )appointment for you to come to our campus and meet the dog. It typically takes about two hours to show a dog. If all parties agree that it looks like a good match, the paperwork is done, adoption fee paid and the dog can go home at that time.
1．The Smiths who have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a 4-year-old child and a Labrador Retriever should________.
A．keep the retriever isolated from the adopted dog
B．pay $750 for the vet checkup, travel and accommodation
C．keep in touch with Dog Placement office beforehand
D．introduced the dog to the child on a neutral and familiar territory
2．What is the precondition for having a career change dog
A．Behavior adaptation or discipline. B．A spacious apartment or house.
C．Familiarity with dog breeds. D．Knowledge of career change program.
3．Adoption is based on the principle that ________.
A．first come, first served B．suitability matters
C．customer comes first D．quality is the cornerstone
（2021·上海宝山·二模） ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) The classic road trip is more popular than ever. Here are several places to hit the open road.
Colo-road Trips
The Colorado Tourism O ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ffice has made it easy for road-trippers to explore the state's 24 Scenic Historic Byways. A new microsite includes an interactive map that enables travelers to explore options by region, interest or season. Travelers seeking inspiration can also access insider tips and side-trip suggestions within more than 150 Colo-road Trip itineraries (行程). The flexible itineraries offer suggestions for historic attractions, active adventures and highlight cultural opportunities.
The Bear-tooth Highway
Visitors who travel t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his extraordinary path experience the visual landscape of Montana, Wyoming and Yellowstone Park, home to the Absaroka and Bear-tooth mountains. The windy,cliff-hugging 68-mile stretch introduces road explorers to one of the most diverse ecosystems accessible by auto. Amazingly beautiful, this All-American Road displays wide highlands, painted with patches (一片片) of ice blue lakes, forested valleys, waterfalls and wildlife.
Seward Highway, Alaska
The road that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) connects Anchorage to Seward is a 127-mile treasure, including natural beauty, wildlife and stories of adventure and endurance. Take a day or several to explore the region that has earned three-fold recognition as a Forest Service Scenic Byway, an Alaskan Scenic Byway and an All-American Road. The drive begins at the base of the Chugach Mountains, hugs the scenic shores of Turn-again Arm and winds through mining towns, national forests and fishing villages as you imagine how explorers, fur traders and gold prospectors might have fared back in the day. Expect waterfalls, glaciers (冰川), eagles, moose (驼鹿) and some good bear stories.
The Lighthouse Trail, Maine
Travel the 375 miles ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )between Kittery and Calais, Maine, visit lighthouses along the way, and learn about the dangers that seagoing boats and their crew endured along the rocky Northeastern coast. Hear tales of shipwrecks (海滩) and of the difficult and lonely life led by those who kept the lights burning brightly. If possible, visit the Maine Lighthouse Museum, where artifacts and hands-on exhibits for children provide an attractive break.
4．What is special about each place mentioned above
A．Tourists of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Colo-road Trips are provided with adaptable plans of trip.
B．Visitors to the Bear-tooth Highway can enjoy the auto display.
C．Drivers along Sew ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ard Highway can appreciate the treasure underground.
D．The Lighthouse Trail ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) offers travelers seagoing boats to row on the sea.
5．Which trip may favor kids according to the passage
A．Colo-road Trips.
B．The Bear-tooth Highway.
C．Seward Highway, Alaska.
D．The Lighthouse Trail, Maine.
6．The best title for the passage is________.
A．Stories of adventure along road trips
B．American popular road trips
C．Recognition for classic places
D．All-American highway journey
（2021·上海宝山·二模） ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) People are motivated to do activities by many different factors. For me the main factors that are involved are competition, the desire for achieving greatness, the satisfaction of completing projects, and enjoyment.
Since I am a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) twin, a sense of competition is deep rooted in my brain. Healthy competition can push us to do fantastic things. It makes us strive for a certain goal and gets us to do things faster. However, I do not think competition should become harmful. When anger, frustration, and depression is a result of competition, it is not healthy. Yet, competition can bring about respect, friendship, and mutual gain. In the case with my twin brother, we have pushed ourselves to be good at sports, music, school, and even at work. This competitive spirit has leaked into my life without my twin around. In a sense, I reproduce my twin brother in other people. I always try to be number one at whatever I do—or at least in the top three. There are times this attitude becomes unhealthy, as I get frustrated if I give everything to a competition or activity and produce only average results. But as the years passed, I have gotten better at handling failure and defeat. All in all, I think I finish and do well in many areas of my life for the simple fact that I want to do well in them. The feeling of doing well against competent opponents is satisfying.
I enjoy the fee ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ling of completing an important project. For instance, last year, I finished a poetry collection with my late father’s poems and my own poems. It was an honor to him and his work. In a way, I felt that his death was not in vain and that his work was proved even more through this collection. It is hard to describe the moment of knowing when such an important project is set to rest: it is almost like you are ready to die. You sense that a chapter of your life has closed and you are now a new person. These deep emotions motivate me to complete projects on a regular basis.
The simplest ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )factor that motivates me to do something is enjoyment. There are people who do activities they do not enjoy for decades. I am not one of those people. I can work on tasks I do not like for a while, but in the end, my main focus should be on something that I enjoy. If I find joy in doing a certain work, I engage in it for a large part of the day, or even all day without tiring. Tiredness in most cases, in my life, is due to a lack of enjoyment in the work being done.
Each person has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his or her own motivating factors. I hope this reflection has allowed you to dip deeper into your true nature.
7．The author mentions his twin brother (Paragraph 2) to show______.
A．the peer of competition B．the root cause of competition
C．the competent opponent D．the competitive partner
8．By the poetry collection, the author intends to_____.
A．honor his father and himself for years to come
B．describe the sense of a chapter of his new life
C．allow his father to rest and get himself to ready to die
D．appreciate the satisfaction of completing projects
9．What attitude does the author take towards tasks
A．He feels angry, frustrated and depressed in his tasks.
B．He enjoys the tasks that other people are reluctant to do.
C．He works without tiredness if he takes pleasure in tasks.
D．He usually lacks enjoyment in the tasks being done.
10．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage
A．Motivation B．Competition C．Reflection D．Satisfaction
（2021·上海市南洋模范中学高三期中）About PISA
The Program for In ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ternational Student Assessment（PISA）is a triennial（每三年一次的）international survey which aims to evaluate education systems worldwide by testing the skills and knowledge of 15-year-old students.To date，students representing more than 70 economies have participated in the assessment.
What makes PISA different
PISA is unique ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) because it develops tests which are not directly linked to the school curriculum.The tests are designed to assess to what extent students at the end of compulsory education can apply their knowledge to real life situations and be equipped for full participation in society.The information collected through background questionnaires also provides context which can help analysts interpret the results.
What the assessment involves
Since the year ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )2000，every three years，fifteen-year-old students from randomly selected schools worldwide take tests in the key subjects：reading.mathematics and sciences with a focus on one subject in each year of assessment.The students take a test that lasts 2 hours.The tests are a mixture of open-ended and multiple-choice questions that are organized in groups based on a passage setting out a real-life situation. A total of about 390 minutes of test items are covered. Students take different combinations of different tests.
Additional PISA initiatives
PlSA-based Test for Schools（PTS）
As interest in PISA ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) has grown，School and local educators have been wanting to know how their individual schools compare with students and schools in education systems worldwide. To address this need，the OECD（The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development）has developed the PISA-based test for schools.It is currently available in the United States and the OECD is in discussions with governments to make the test available in other countries such as England and Spain.
11．PISA is different from other programs because ________ .
A．its test is closely related to the school curriculum
B．its test aims to ass ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ess whether students can solve real-life problems
C．its test can equip students for full participation in school
D．test scores directly determine the analysis of the test
12．Which of the foll ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )owing statements is TRUE according to the passage？
A．Test-takers are carefully selected.
B．Test-takers answer the same questions.
C．Test-takers are tested on three key subjects.
D．Test-takers spend about 390minutes on the test.
13．What can we infer from the last paragraph？
A．Students of all ages will be able to take PTS in the future.
B．More countries are likely to have PTS in the future.
C．School and local educators show little interest in PISA at present.
D．PISA provi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )des evaluation of the education system within a certain country.
（2021·上海杨浦·高三期中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )） A 47-year-old Frenchman had an unfortunate experience while walking around Cannes. Here he is to tell us all about it.
The Black Hole
I work in the p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hilosophy department at the university. Just last week, I had some drinks with some friends in a bar. After a few glasses of wine, but not too many, mind you, I felt. It was about six in the evening, and it was starting to get dark. It had been raining heavily the past few days, but that night it was pleasant so I decided to walk home. However, I'd just turned the corner into my street when all of a sudden, "whoosh", I fell down an uncovered manhole.
Flying
It was an in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )credible experience. It was as if I was flying through the air. I could feel the cold, wet sides of the drain. Eventually my back was rubbing along the side, until "splash", I fell into a pool of running water.
A Water Ride
Now I was movin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g quite fast. The current was very strong — I guess it was because of all the heavy rain that had flooded the drain. Luckily the water wasn't very deep so I could keep my head above water. There was nothing I could do, so I lay back, with my hands behind my head, as if I was on slide in a water park, and just let myself go. It was quite pleasant really, except for the occasional mouthful of sickening water, and a horrible smell. When was it going to end I was about to find out.
The End of the Ordeal
All of a sudden, I co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uld see a light at the end of the tunnel. It started off quite small, but then it got bigger and bigger. A few seconds later I was shot up violently out of the drain, and onto the beach, right below the luxurious Majestic Hotel. I lay there for a few second, shaken, but unharmed. Then I picked myself up, walked up to the hotel and told them what had happened. Of course, at first it was hard to convince them that this dirty, wet middle-aged man with a horrible smell on him was in fact a dignified university professor. Anyway, they eventually believed me and allowed me to clean myself in one of the rooms.
Recovery
Miraculously, I was un ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )injured after my 30-minutes ride. I am currently in the process of charging the local council with failing to warn the public about the unmarked manhole.
Meanwhile, the town m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ayor has blamed "unusually strong rain fall" for the situation.
14．Why did the man fall into to manhole
A．He was walking too fast. B．He had drunk too much wine.
C．The manhole was uncovered. D．The heavy rain blocked his vision.
15．The underlined word "ordeal" probably means________.
A．suffering B．spinning C．overflow D．offence
16．What can be learned about the man
A．He blamed his misfortune on the unusually heavy rain.
B．He was lucky enough to ge spotted by a hotel employee.
C．He had to swim against the strong current to survive.
D．He is engaged in a legal case against the local authorities.
17．Which of the following is the best title for the article
A．A Frenchman's Night Encounter B．A Ride down the Drain
C．Watch out f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or Hidden Dangers D．Defend One's Dignity in Tough Situations
（2021·上海·复旦附中高三月 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考） A lone humpback whale travelled more than 9,800 kilometers from breeding areas in Brazil to those in Madagascar, setting a record for the longest mammal migration even documented.
Humpback whales ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are known to have some of the longest migration distances of all mammals, and this huge journey is about 400 kilometers father than the previous humpback record. The finding was made by Peter Stevick, a biologist at the College of the Atlantic in Bar Harbor, Maine.
The whale's j ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ourney was unusual not only for its length, but also because it travelled across about 90 degrees of longitude from west to east. Typically, humpbacks move in a north-south direction between cold feeding areas and warm breeding grounds.
The whale, a female, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) was first spotted off the coast of Brazil, where researches photographed its tail fluke and took skin samples to determine the animal's sex. Two years later, a tourist on a whale-watching boat snapped a photo of the humpback near Madagascar.
To match the two sig ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )htings, Stevick's team used an extensive international catalogue of photographs of the undersides of tail flukes, which have distinctive markings. Researchers routinely compare the markings in each new photograph to those in the archive.
The scientists then e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )stimated the animal's shortest possible route: an arc skirting the southern tip of South Africa and heading north-east towards Madagascar. The minimum distance is 9,800 kilometers, says Stevick, but this is likely to be an underestimate, because the whale probably took a roundabout way to feed on frill in the Southern Ocean near Antarctica before reaching its destination.
Most humpback-wha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le researches focus on their efforts on the Northern Hemisphere because the Southern Ocean near the Antarctica is a tough environment and it is hard to get to, explaining Rochelle Constantine, who studies the ecology of humpback whales at the University of Auckland in New Zealand. But, for whales, oceans in the Southern Hemisphere are wider and easier to travel across, says Constantine. Scientists will probably observe more long-distance migrations in the Southern Hemisphere as satellite tracking becomes increasingly common, she adds.
Daniel Palacios, an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) oceanographer at the University of Hawaii at Monoa, says that record-breaking journey could indicate that migration patterns are shifting as populations begin to recover from near-extinction and the population increases. But the reasons why whale did not follow the usual migration routes remain a mystery. She could have been exploring new habitats, or simply have lost her way. “We generally think of humpback whales as very well studied, but then they surprise us with things like this,” Palacios says. “Undoubtedly there are a lot of things we still don't know about whale migration.”
18．In what way was the whale's journey considered unusual
A．It covered a long distance from west to east.
B．A female whale rather than a male one completed it.
C．The whale moved from its breeding ground to its feeding area.
D．No one had ever spotted the whale other than at its destination.
19．Why did the researchers compare the markings on tail flukes
A．There is a vast coll ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ection of such markings. B．The markings there last by far the longest.
C．No two whales sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are the same markings. D．The markings are easiest to photograph.
20．What can be inferred from the passage
A．More eviden ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce should have been provided that the whale had even arrived at Madagascar.
B．South Hemisphere ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )can provide more information about humpback whales' migration.
C．The whale's actual r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oute might well have been shorter than the scientists had estimated.
D．North Hemisp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )here's environment is becoming tougher for whales to survive.
21．What is the passage mainly about
A．A female whale was spotted twice in the Southern Ocean.
B．Research on whales is a breakthrough.
C．Whales' migration routes vary with the climate change.
D．A whale surprises researchers with her journey.
（2021·上海市进才中学高三期中） ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Professor Heinz Wolff, who has died aged 89, was a bioengineering pioneer. He established the discipline, named it and, in a 60-year career, made significant contributions to medicalresearch.But to the British public, he was best known as the"dotty scientist' who fronted The Great Egg Race, a BBC show in which colour-coded teams were set engineering challenges（the first was to transport an egg in a vehicle powered by rubber bands）.With his trademark bow tie, half-moon glasses and Mittel-European accent, he looked really like Professor Branestawn, as described by W. Heath Robinson. Yet while he cheerfully exploited his reputation as a "peculiar egghead'", he was very serious about his work and inspired thousands of young people to consider scientific careers.
Born in Berlin in 192 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )8, Heinz Wolff was the son of Jewish parents.His mother died in 1938, and the next year the family fled.They arrived in Britain on the day war was declared."We really cut it rather fine," he said on Desert Island Discs in 1998.After leaving school, he worked as a technician at the Radcliffe Infirmary in Oxford.where he invented a machine to count red blood cells, and then at the National Institute for Medical Research's pneumoconiosis research unit in Cardiff, where he designed a means of measuring dust levels in coal miners.He went on to study at University College London and graduated with a first in physics and physiology. Then, in 1983, he founded the Institute for Bioengineering at Brunel University.His particular interest was in technologies to improve the lives of older people, but he was also heavily involved in space research and worked as an adviser to the European Space Agency.
Wolff had made his ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) first appearance on TV on Panorama in 1966,encouraging Richard Dimbleby to swallow a“radio pill'".On The Great Egg Race, which ran from 1979,his task was to get opponent teams representing organizations such as the chemical company ICI. Challenges included building a hovercraft from a lawnmower, and inventing a bicycle that could ride on water.Marks were awarded for entertainment value and technical accomplishment.The show ended in the mid-l980s,but Wolff continued to judge scientific competitions, on TV and elsewhere. A natural entertainer with an inexhaustible curiosity about the world, he said he'd be happy to dress up as a clown if it got children interested in science.
22．The word “dotty” (paragraph1) is closest in meaning to ________ .
A．peculiar B．serious C．famous D．genius
23．Which of the follow ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing statements is TRUE of Heinz Wolff according to the passage？
A．His family left Berlin after World War II began.
B．He used to major in physics and physiology.
C．He invented a machine while in University College London.
D．His interest lay in helping those living in war-stricken areas.
24．Heinz Wolff didn't mind looking ridiculous as long as _________ .
A．he could keep being curious about the world
B．he could combine entertainment and technology
C．he could help arouse children's interest in science
D．he could appear on TV to judge scientific competitions
25．Which of the following is an achievement made by Heinz Wolff？21·cn·jy·com
A．Representing a chem ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ical company. B．Designing a method to count red blood cells.
C．Being the first sci ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )entist to front TV shows. D．Setting up the subject of bioengineering.
（2021·上海市进才中学 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )高三月考） Spelling Bees (英语拼写大赛) have always been cute. But they’re about to get cuter, because now they will actually be about something. The National Spelling Bee has announced that hereafter, contestants will have to know the definitions of words as well as how to write them out. The latter is cruel mechanics, which only became a thing to master and compete because of English’s awkward and random spelling system. In countries where writing actually corresponds regularly with how words are pronounced, there is no such thing as a Spelling Bee.
Yet in those count ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ries, there is often more of a love for the language itself, even among less educated people. And loving your language means a command of its vocabulary beyond the level of the everyday. This appreciation shows up in things they say that would not “translate” into English. A Russian friend of mine once said she fell in love with her husband because of “his Russian.” Note how hard it is to imagine an American woman saying what hooked her on her husband was “his English”. “The way he talked,” maybe, but not something as specific as his command of the language in an artistic sense.
I recently atten ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ded a conference where Castilians gave the opening addresses, in a distinctly formal layer of Spanish. In English this would have sounded extremely boring even at a university. You can buy volumes of high literature and poetry at an ordinary train station in Spain. At Long Island railroad stops in America, not.
Yet even in Ame ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rica there was once a richer love of English for its own sake. H. L. Mencken knocked Warren Harding for “the worst English that I have ever encountered.” Today we have knocked George W. Bush for “the way he talks” but not something as formal as “his English.”
Today we live in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a society where in 2001, then President of the University of California Richard Atkinson got good press with his announced horror that high school students spend hours each month— directly and indirectly— preparing for the SAT, studying long lists of verbal analogies such as ‘‘untruthful is to mendaciousness” as ‘‘circumspect is to caution.” In the old days, that was called, well, school.
Currently, Ame ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rica’s love for language focuses on the informal. Rap and spoken word have reawakened the country to poetry in itself. Texting and Twitter encourage creative uses of casual language, in ways I have celebrated widely. But we’ve fallen behind on enjoying the formal layer of our language. Critics such as Stefan Fatsis have argued that adding a comprehension component to the Spelling Bee is, ironically, “small-minded.” It isn’t. It’s getting back in touch with loving our native language, something ordinal in most cultures on earth— but so long unknown to us that the Fatsises and Atkinsons among us can barely imagine it.
26．Writing out a word in a Spelling Bee is difficult because________.
A．it is a thing to master and compete in
B．people do not feel it cute anymore
C．there is no spelling bee in other countries
D．the English spelling system is random
27．We can safely conclude from Paragraph 2 and 3 that________.
A．less educated people in other countries like the language itself
B．American people don’t appreciate English in its formal form
C．an American wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )man will be easily attracted to a man by his way of talking
D．a formal layer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of English can only be found at an American university
28．It is implied in Paragraph 5 that________.
A．the public felt the same horror as Richard Atkinson did
B．the SAT didn’t need so much attention from the students
C．high school students should go to school to prepare for the SAT
D．verbal analogies should have been taught in the old days
29．According to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the author, Americans need spelling bees and vocabulary tests because________.
A．they need to avoid being small-minded
B．rap and spoken word are not artistic enough
C．Fatsises and Atkinsons can barely imagine it
D．they need to focus more on formal English
（2021·上海市进才中学 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )高三月考） For something that weighs only about three pounds, the human brain has a lot of responsibility. Deep within all those gray folds and creases are the controls for everything you do.
More than a ce ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ntury ago, scientists first mapped the brain as they worked to develop an understanding of each particular region. Early on, the maps were simple: Which part of the brain controlled speech Which controlled hearing Having a detailed, accurate guide ensures that studies are using the same points of reference and makes for more efficient, accurate investigations.
Now, however, things ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are much more intricate. Researchers have just released an incredible new map of the brain, revealing nearly 100 new areas that were previously undiscovered or forgotten. Many experts are calling this a milestone in neuroscience according to the New York Times. The new map has been published in the journal Nature.
The new map dra ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ws on data collected by the Human Connectome Project, which studied 1,200 people using high-powered MRI scanners to understand how brain circuitry works. For the study, the participants’ brains were recorded while they laid in the scanner, while they did various math problems and memory tests, and while they listened to stories. Researchers drew boundaries based on where these and previous tests seemed to match. They also looked at anatomical differences, measuring, for example, the amount of myelin— a fatty substance that surrounds some neurons— in different areas of the brain.
“We have 112 differe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nt types of information we can tap into,” study co-author David Van Essen of Washington University Medical School told the New York Times.
With all those var ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iables in hand, researchers eventually created a map that included 83 already familiar areas of the brain, plus an additional 97 regions that were either previously undiscovered, or somehow forgotten and lost in scientific literature along the way. Some previously known regions are how broken down into sub-regions with separate responsibilities. For example, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is a large area toward the front of the brain that’s active during thought. The new map shows that it’s made up of many smaller areas that can be key for different kinds of thought, ranging from making decisions to lying.
While experts ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) are lauding the new map, it’s far from complete, say the researchers who created it.
“We’re thinking of thi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s as version 1.0”, says lead author Matthew Glasser, a neuroscientist at Washington University School of Medicine.” That doesn’t mean it’s the final version, but it’s a far better map than the ones we’ve had before.”
30．In the third paragraph, what does the word “intricate” mean
A．amazing B．tricky C．complicated D．difficult
31．What’s the researchers’ attitude to new map of the brain
A．They think it ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is still incomplete. B．They think it is the best version.
C．They don’t like th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e new map of the brain. D．They think it is a milestone in neuroscience.
32．Which of the fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )llowing statements is TRUE according to the passage
A．The new map included 97 unfamiliar areas of the brain.
B．The new map used previous data to study the brain circuitry.
C．Participants1 brains were monitored when they were telling stories.
D．The dorsolate ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ral prefrontal cortex is a small ares which is crucial for thinking.
33．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The responsibility of the brain circuitry.
B．Mixed opinions on the new map of the brain.
C．A study on an incredible new map of the brain.
D．The understanding of the familiar areas of the brain.
（2021·上海·华师大二附中高三月考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )） Be it from the mouths of foreigners who have lived here for a few years or from stories on travel websites, one of the most common qualities that people list about Shanghai is the infectious energy that courses through the city.
For some, this en ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ergy is defined by the way of life—Shanghai is a city that never sleeps. In the day, the streets arc always bustling with people from all over the world. After all, the city has long been China’s most cosmopolitan city, having been the epicenter of trade and cultural exchange between Chinese and foreigners since the city was forced to open its door to the world in 1843 after the First Opium War (1840-42).
Shanghai’s ubiquitou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s delivery people can be found on the roads even past midnight, rushing from point to point on their trusty electric scooters to satiate the hunger of night owls. Even before the break of dawn, pensioners can be found gathering in parks, ready to kick start their day with a tai chi session.
For others, this ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) energy is generated from the friction between the contrasts the city has. Indeed, it does not take long for one to realize that Shanghai's charm lies in it being a binary of old and new.
Here, charmi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng neoclassical architecture and art deco structures stand alongside modem buildings with shimmering glass and metal facades, rustic (质朴的)lane houses and shikumen buildings. Humble mom-and-pop shops that look stuck in time can often be found right next to hip dining venues or industrial-chic fashion stores selling designer apparel.
One of the best ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) places to get an overview of these surreal contrasts is none other than the tallest building in the city — the Shanghai Tower in Lujiazui. Measuring a dizzying 632 meters in height, this architectural marvel boasts having the world's highest observation deck within a building or structure. It also comes with the world's fastest elevators which would get you from the bottom to the top at 20.5 meters per second.
On the other side of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the Huangpu River is where you would find the Bund, which is home to magnificent neoclassical buildings. The Bund is to Shanghai what Times Square is to New York or what the Champs-61ysees is to Paris. A trip to Shanghai would not be complete without exploring this iconic waterfront promenade.
Autumn is the be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )st time to experience Shanghai on foot, not merely because the weather is conducive for walking, but because this is when the roads and sidewalks in many areas are blanketed with a layer of colorful fallen leaves.
34．Why is the example of delivery man mentioned
A．To make a contrast with pensioners’ biological clock.
B．To illustrate the vibrant energy of modern Shanghai.
C．To highlight the diligence and consideration of delivery man.
D．To feature the courier delivery service in full swing.
35．Which of the following is TRUE about the contrast of Shanghai www-2-1-cnjy-com
A．The contrast mainly arises from the First Opium War.
B．The design of the Shanghai Tower stands for a contrast.
C．A marked contrast is shown in the use of building materials.
D．The dishes serv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed in mom-and-pop shops represent the outdated flavor.
36．The underlined wor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d “hip” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to________.
A．photographic B．modest C．peculiar D．stylish
37．Which of the fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )llowing will be most probably discussed following the last paragraph
A．Stunning views of the Shanghai skyline.
B．The best places to view the seasonal spectacle.
C．The walking path that hugs the Huangpu River.
D．Must-try dishes and food items typical of Shanghai.
（2021·上海市七宝中学高三月考）F ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or a filmmaker who is not known for being very productive, Wong Kar-wai has certainly made headlines as of late. Next week, his brand-new 20th-anniversary restoration of In the Mood for Love will finally debut at the New York Film Festival followed by a nationwide tour that includes other recent restorations of his work, and an eventual Criterion box set release. Meanwhile, production on his long-gestating, decades-spanning drama Blossoms is underway with plans to make a TV version and a feature film. Now the director is returning to the universe of one of his most beloved films yet again.
Reports have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )surfaced from many Chinese media outlets that Wong Kar-wai has scripted a sequel to his beloved 1994 romance Chungking Express. Titled Chungking Express 2020 and set in Chongqing in 2036, the China Film Administration approved the script back in April, which means it can move ahead. Here’s a brief synopsis:
In 1990s Hon ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g Kong, the lovelorn Policeman No. 223 encounters a blonde female assassin. They only spend a short time together overnight. The Policeman No. 663, getting over a failed relationship, has his life gradually changed by a “dreamer” who broke into his apartment. In Chongqing in 2036, young Xiaoqian and May are unwilling to be matched with their genetically-assigned partner, and are determined to find their own “destiny.”
While Wong Kar-wai has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) already technically expanded the story of Chungking Express with Fallen Angels––which was the planned third story of Chungking but ended up spinning off into its own feature––he’s clearly taking a different route than a direct follow-up. From that brief synopsis, it sounds like it’ll be a loose sequel, rather finding thematic connections similar to those that bond Days of Being Wild, In the Mood for Love, and 2046. He’s currently only on board as the screenwriter, so if a different director hops on, perhaps it could get made sometime in the near future. If the meticulous Wong Kar-wai wants to make it himself, then we’ll patiently wait to see if it ever comes to fruition, since the quest for perfection consumes time and patience. Just don’t expect cinematographer Christopher Doyle to return.
“To me Chung ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )king Express and Fallen Angels are one film that should be three hours long,” Wong Kar-wai said in 1998. “I always think these two films should be seen together as a double bill. In fact, people asked me during an interview for Chungking Express: “You’ve made these two stories which have no relationship at all to each other, how can you connect them ” And I said, “The main characters of Chungking Express are not Fay Wang or Takashi Kaneshiro, but the city itself, the night and day of Hong Kong. Chungking Express and Fallen Angels together are the bright and dark of Hong Kong.” I see the films as inter-reversible, the character of Fay Wang could be the character of Takashi in Fallen Angels; Brigitte Lin in Chungking Express could be Leon Lai in Fallen Angels. All of their characters are inter-reversible. Also, in Chungking Express we were shooting from a very long distance with long lenses, but the characters seem close to us.”
38．Which film ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )does the underlined part “one of his most beloved films” refer to
A．In the Mood for Love. B．Chunking Express.
C．Fallen Angels. D．Days of Being Wild.
39．Which of the following is True according to the Passage
A．The story o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f Chungking Express 2020 will directly follow that of Chungking Express.
B．It has been a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nnounced that Wong Kar-wai will direct Chungking Express 2020.
C．Currently, the sc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ript of Chungking Express 2020 has not been finished yet.
D．Wong Kar-wai inte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nds to adapt Blossoms for both the small and the big screen.
40．The underlined word “meticulous” means “________”.
A．attentive to small details B．curious about surroundings
C．indifferent to others’ feelings D．indecisive about contents
41．According ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to what Wong Kar-wai said in an interview in 1998, ________.
A．what the film ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Chungking Express really intends to emphasize is the city Chongqing itself
B．Chungking E ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xpress and Fallen Angels must be viewed as two separate cinematic works
C．the seemingly- ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )unrelated films Chungking Express and Fallen Angels tell the same story
D．long lenses were em ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ployed during the shooting to highlight the actors and actresses
（2021·上海市七宝中学高三月考） ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )
Lucky Dog is commi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tted to finding loving forever homes for each of our dogs and cats. Our customized adoption process is designed to find the best fit for adopters, whatever they may be looking for. You may have a specific pet in mind or just beginning your search for a new family member; wherever you are in the process our Adoption Coordinators are here to guide you through the process.
We are incredib ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly grateful for the overwhelming interest in our animals. You may notice that our dogs, cats, puppies and kittens are being adopted incredibly quickly and may not stay on the website very long. Please, don’t let that deter you! We have more new arrivals coming in all the time, and Lucky Dog is committed to finding you a great fit for your family. We will be happy to help you find a match once we receive your adoption application.
THE ADOPTION PROCESS
Step 1
Complete a Do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g or Cat Adoption Questionnaire at the link below. If you are interested in applying for a specific animal on the website, please be sure to list their names on your questionnaire. If you cannot select an animal please still submit your questionnaire and write in the notes who you might be interested in! You only need to apply once and we will ensure it is directed to the right person. Please note that submitting an application is the first step in our process and does not guarantee adoption of a particular dog or cat.
Step 2
You will be contacted ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) via email by a Volunteer Lucky Dog Animal Rescue Adoption Coordinator or Screener. They will then schedule an initial phone screening to further discuss your needs, preferences and lifestyle as you look for a new family member.
Step 3
Your Adoption Coordi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nator or Screener will also conduct any required checks, including a vet check to ensure your pets are up to date on medical needs, a landlord check if you rent, and a virtual home visit -- during which a knowledgeable volunteer will meet with all residents of your home to identify any risks or items to monitor when your new pet arrives and ensure that everyone is ready to welcome them home!
Step 4
At the time of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) adoption, the following adoption fees will be required, as well as a leash, ID tag, martingale collar and carrier for cats/kittens.
●Puppy (1 to 6 months): $425
●Young/Adult Dog (7 months to 8 years): $400
●Senior Dog (9 years and older): $300
●Dogs Receiving Heartworm Treatment: $475
●One Cat/Kitten: $175
●Two Cats/Kittens: $300
Spay/Neuter policy update:
A nonrefundable spa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y/neuter deposit will be added to a puppy or kitten’s adoption fee should you want Lucky Dog to pay for the cost of spay/neuter surgery at one of our low-cost vet partners. Adopters must be able to provide transportation to and from the partner visits.
42．How much do you n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eed to pay if you adopt two baby cats and a middle-aged dog
A．$ 600 B．$ 700 C．$ 750 D．$ 775
43．Your Adop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tion Coordinator or Screener may do any required checks except ________.
A．your current income level. B．a landlord check if necessary.
C．a personal visit to your home. D．your pet’s health condition
44．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The adoption proc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ess can take quite a long time because of the routine paperwork.
B．Once you s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ubmit your application, you are assured of adopting your desired dog or cat.
C．You will have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to pay some money in advance if you order a neuter surgery service.
D．Your Adoption Coor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dinator or Screener will only contact you through email.
（2021·上海市七宝中学高三月考） ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic (官僚主义的) management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-equipped factories and piped music, and by psychologists and “human-relations” experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and he is bored with it. In fact, the blue-collar and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.
The worker and e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mployee are anxious, seemingly because they might find themselves out of a job or they would say that they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life. In fact, they live an die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings.
Those higher up on the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of submissiveness and independence. From the moment on they are tested again and again by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than one’s fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness.
Am I suggesting that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) we should return to the pre-industrial mode of production or to nineteenth-century “free enterprise” capitalism Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system form a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities -- those of all love and of reason -- are the aims of social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man.
45．By “a well-o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iled cog in the machinery”, the author expresses the idea that man is ________.
A．an essential part ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of society though individual’s function is negligible
B．expected to work in reasonable harmony with the rest of society
C．a replaceable component of society, though functioning smoothly
D．responsible ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) for the smooth running of society and business operations
46．The real caus ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that ________.
A．they are filled with the well-founded fear of being unemployed
B．they don’t have any genuine satisfaction or interest in real life
C．they have to face the fundamental realities of human existence
D．they are deprived of their individuality and independence
47．From the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )passage we can infer that real happiness of life belongs to those who ________.
A．hold well-paid an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d life-long jobs B．enjoy high social status and reputation
C．outperform t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )heir fellow-competitors D．stay away from over- competitiveness
48．To solve t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he present social problems the author suggests the we should ________.
A．resort to the production mode of our ancestors
B．offer higher wages to workers and employees
C．enable man to fully develop his potentialities
D．take the fundamental realities for granted
（2021·上海市建平中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )学高三月考） With the fragrance industry expected to be worth an enormous $92 billion by 2024, there is big money to be made from scents. As the fashion and marketing industry moves away from targeting men and women and onto a more inclusive, non-gendered approach, fragrance companies are doing the exact same-creating products that can be worn happily by all genders. The smells we’re drawn to are inherently universal, across all genders and including all noses. With this in mind, we tested our noses against three of the brands that have made a play for gender neutrality.【版权所有：21教育】
Eccentric MoleculesThe unique selling ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )point of Eccentric Molecules is that it's designed to smell completely different on every wearer, reacting with our natural scents to create a unique blend. With potential for sharing with a loved one, their packaging is a practical if a little unromantic, simple bottle.Still, upon opening ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )their best seller "Molecule 01", the journey begins. Upon first spray, the overwhelming scent is of alcohol, but it soon settles into a barely-there smell that recalls soft leather and feels surprisingly soothing on skin.Top Scent: Molecule 01, ￡72 for 100ml
Clean ReserveClean Reserve smell ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s like it sounds-bright, fresh scents that would appeal to those who prefer light smell. It is also perfect for keeping in your gym or day bag to freshen up yourself.Packaging feel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s weighty and luxurious — without compromising sustainability — the bottle is made from sustainability -managed fores: wood and even the alcohol is derived from corn.Top Scent: Rain, 82 for100ml
Laboratory PerfumesPackaged in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )chemistry-class bottles, this brand's latest collection is strongly inspired by Britain and its natural abundance of herbs and flowers. What results are grown-up, powerful scents.Our clear favourites f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rom the collection couldn't be more different —“Samphire” is a refreshing coastal scent mixed with rose, while “Atlas” is a strong blend of wine and tobacco, an easy signature scent for day and night with minimal reapplication needed.Top Scent: Atlas, 65 for 100ml
49．The purpose of paragraph 1 is ______.
A．to analyze how smells influence us
B．to sell the idea of non-gendered fragrance
C．to inform the readers of a latest fashion trend
D．to justify the development of fragrance industry
50．The common fe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ature of Escentric Molecules and Clean Reserve is ______.
A．practical and simple packaging
B．sustainable packaging made from wood
C．a soft and light scent
D．smelling totally different on every user
51．For a customer who ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )prefer strong mature smells that lasts a whole day, which product should he choose
A．Molecule 01. B．Rain. C．Samphire. D．Atlas.
（2021·上海市敬业中学高三月考）Elephant Sanctuary
Guests are gui ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ded in small groups on foot through the sanctuary. Guides will provide in-depth information and insight into African elephants. You will be introduced to our elephants in the forest area, where you will be able to touch and interact with them.
You will experience t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he special relationship between the elephant handlers and their elephants. Start a short walk with the elephants (trunk-in-hand) and see where the elephants sleep. Guests learn about the inner structure of the elephants and will feed them. On some hot days you may even see the elephants swimming.
Enjoy a drink from the cash bar on the main deck before departure.
Remember to wear flat walking shoes, sun hats and bring your camera.
Departure times
Morning tour: 06:30 and 08:00
Afternoon tour: 12:00 Duration: 6-8 hours
Price: $ 33 (1),$20 (2-3), $ 17 (4-13+people)
Entrance fees, return transport included
Not included: Elephant ride
52．Which of the following is true
A．Tourists can feed the elephants and swim with them on hot days
B．Before departure, tourists can enjoy some drinks free of charge.
C．The pricing system encourages tourists to bring their babies along.
D．In the forest, visitors can have a close contact with elephants.
53．The word “Sanctuary” probably means“________”.
A．Park B．Information Center C．Shelter D．Refugee
54．What is the passage mainly about
A．Introduction to the elephants in the wild.
B．Promotion of a giant animal and the living environment.
C．Advertisement of handlers and their elephants.
D．A visit to a scenic spot.
（2021·上海市敬业中学高三月考） ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) MIT chemistry professor Daniel Nocera led research on the artificial leaf project, says he and his colleagues took their cues from plants, which are literally buzzing with electricity.
“What happens is that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sunlight comes in and hits the leaf and then the leaf immediately takes that sunlight and makes a wireless current,”says Nocera.
During photosy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nthesis, the energy in sunlight splits water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen joins with carbon dioxide to make sugar, an essential fuel for plant growth. In Nocera’s laboratory, scientists replicated that chemical process using a silicon device about the size and shape of a playing card, only thinner. It's coated with nickel and cobalt catalysts that when exposed to water and ultraviolet light, accelerate a chemical reaction.
“So you can litera ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lly just take this bottle of water and we could take the chip, put the chip inside the bottle of water, and go holding it up in the sun and you would start seeing hydrogen and oxygen bubbles coming up.”
The hydrogen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is then recombined with the oxygen in a fuel cell to produce electricity. Nocera’s work builds on previous research. John Turner of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory pioneered the concept in 1998 using materials too expensive and unstable for commercialization.
Nocera says hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s so-called practical artificial leaf uses less expensive materials, is more stable and more efficient than that earlier design. He says the challenge is to collect the gases coming off the silicon and store them until the energy is needed. “That has to be engineered still,” he adds. “We don't know how to do that. It will be something that we will start doing pretty soon. You’ll be storing a fair amount of energy because this system is working at the efficiency more or less of the solar cell.”
In laboratory ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) experiments, Nocera's solar cell prototype operated continuously for 45 hours without a drop in electrical output. Nocera notes that it works in any type of water. “So you can use natural water sources, which for us is a big deal, because if you are in rural parts of the world. especially where they are poor, it is really costly to bring in pure water and so, the fact that you can go over there' to a puddle and pick the water up and begin using it, is something that is very powerful for us."
Nocera believes the ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tificial leaf could be especially useful as an inexpensive source of electricity for low-income populations in developing countries. The goal, Nocera says, is to make each home its own power station. He predicts a commercial version of the artificial leaf will be on the market within three years.
55．MIT chemistry ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) professor Daniel Norcera's research is different from John Turner's mainly in that________.
A．Norcera's research outcome is too commercialized
B．Norcera has found a cheaper and steadier material
C．Norcera's working system is like the solar cell
D．Norcera's research is original and unprecedented
56．The next step ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) for Nocera's laboratory to do is probably to find out________.
A．an efficient way of storing gases coming off the silicon
B．a feasible system that is as efficient as solar cell
C．a silicon device that can accelerate the chemical reaction
D．how to spread ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the cheap source of electricity in developing countries
57．The biggest advantage of Nocera's research is that________.
A．It is convenient for every home to own a power station
B．It can change the ordinary water into pure water
C．It has a commercial value for poor populations
D．It can recycle waste water and thus eco-friendly
58．What is probably the best title of the passage
A．Plants Can Produce Cheap and Steady Electricity
B．Storage of Energy Is a Tough Challenge
C．Artificial Leaf Tuns Sunlight into Electric Power
D．Inexpensive Source of Electricity Is Finally Available
（2021·上海市敬业中学高三月考） ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Mr. Everest is no longer an inaccessible giant. More than 4,000 people have stood on the world's highest peak since 1953. Last year alone, more than 650 people made it to the top.
But as the cro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wds have grown, so too has the list of stories coming from the mountain: long lines over train, and conflict over the value of Sherpas.
For people who want a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) more drama-free climbing experience, the globe is filled with other peaks worth tackling.
There are litera ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lly 13 other mountains over 8,000 meters and some get virtually no attention. They are very challenging mountains that would be an equal feather in someone's hat to climb with many routes still to be discovered, unlike Everest." Mountains taller than 8,000 meters (more than 26,000 feet) are rare and exceptionally challenging to climb, purely for the lack of oxygen at such height. Above 8,000 m, it becomes so difficult to breathers that climbers call it the “death zone."
The Himalayas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) contain all 14 of the world's 8,000 meter-plus peaks, which are among Nepal, China, India and Pakistan. Among those, Everest is not only the tallest. It's also accessible by hiking for about a week and a half after flying into Lukla.
From there, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the mountain is loaded with equipment, including a cell phone tower and Sherpas who fix ropes for Western climbers. That makes the climb far less technical than it otherwise would be.
Why Do People Keep ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Climbing Mt. Everest “It's certainly not the easiest climb because of the height, ”said Alan Amette, a mountaineer and Everest blogger in Fort Collins, Colo. I hate the word 'easy' for any 8,000-meter mountain. A better word is achievable. Everest is achievable.”
One emerging alt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ernative to Everest is K2, the world's second tallest mountain -- at 8,611 m(28,251 feet) to Everest's 8,848 m (29,029 feet). But for every four or so people who have summited K2, one person has died trying, Arnette said, for a total of 300 successful climbs and 81 deaths.
On Everest, by c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )omparison, the ratio of successes to deaths is about 24 to one with more than 6,000 summits and about 250 deaths. K2 is a "loose" mountain with lots of rock fall and avalanche(雪崩) activity, Amette said. Its main route also goes up the east side, making climbers get affected by incoming storms.
59．The term “Death Zone" is used to describe an area________.
A．that is 8,000 meters high with the shortage of oxygen
B．where there is the highest rate of death in mountain-climbing
C．where climbers are unable to breathe
D．where breathers are very likely to die due to the height.
60．Which of the following is true of the Himalayas
A．They cover as many as four countries.
B．They contain ten peaks over 8,000 meters.
C．Everest is its tallest and easiest peak to climb.
D．Everest is its peak with good technical support.
61．K2 is more challenging to climb than Mt Everest in that________.
A．more people died in mountain-climbing.
B．more natural disasters occur due to its loose quality.
C．there are more snow storms happening on average.
D．storms are more unpredictable at the peak.
62．What is the passage mainly about
A．Introduction to mountain climbing.
B．The challenges of the tallest mountains.
C．Climbing the most challenging mountains in the world.
D．How to overcome difficulties as mountaineers.
（2021·上海市南洋模范 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中学高三期中） The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing--Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for $13.5bn，but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service，which doesn't have any physical product at all.What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate（复杂的）and finely detailed web of its users' friendships and social lives.
Facebook promis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed the European commission then that it would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities，but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through. Even without knowing what was in the messages，the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be.What political journalist，what party whip，would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Theresa May's enemies are currently plotting？It may be that the value of Whole Foods to Amazon is not so much the 460 shops it owns，but the records of which customers have purchased what.
Competition l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aw appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power. But it is clumsy. For one thing, it is very slow compared to the pace of change within the digital economy. By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace，to be replaced by new abuses of power. But there is a deeper conceptual problem，petition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users of these services don't pay for them.The users of their services are not their customers.That would be the people who buy advertising from them---and Facebook and Google，the two virtual giants，dominate digital advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and entertainment companies.
The product they're se ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lling is data，and we，the users，convert our lives to data for the benefit of the digital giants. Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphids（蚜虫）for the honeydew they produce when they feed，so Google farms us for the data that our digital lives yield. Ants keep predatory insects away from where their aphids feed；Gmail keeps the spammers（垃圾邮件发送者）out of our inboxes. It doesn't feel like a human or democratic relationship，even if both sides benefit.
63．According to Par ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )agraph 1，Facebook acquired WhatsApp for its________ .
A．digital products B．user information
C．physical assets D．quality service
64．According to the author，competition law ________ .
A．should serve the new ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) market powers B．may worsen the economic imbalance
C．should not pro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vide just one legal solution D．cannot keep pace with the changing market
65．Competition ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) law as presently interpreted can hardly protect Facebook users because ________ .
A．they are not defined as custo中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
编者小注：
本专辑专为2022年上海新高考英语二轮总复习及1月春考准备。
说说编写思路：
版块一：冲刺讲义10讲，注重方法性学 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )习，对于知识的拆解全面到位，选题主要根据上海官方公布的近五年级春秋考真题试题为主，近两年一二模测试及今年最新期中试题为辅。
版块二：专练8讲，注重常考题型，高频考点的训练，数十篇选材均选于近两年上海高三四校、八金刚及十三名校之真题
版块三：模拟满分卷4套，供大家在完成以上讲练后进行整体测试，满分140分。
希望助上海的莘莘学子在求学路上一臂之力。
专练4：阅读理解单选ABC篇特训50篇（详解版）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读选择
（2021·上海市进才中学高三月考）ADOPTION CRITERIA:
Adopters ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e required to pay a $750 adoption fee at the time of adoption.
Interested ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )adopters and their families must be willing to travel, at their own expense, to our San Rafael. California campus within a week of being notified by our Dog Placement office that a potentially suitable dog is available. In particular, children under the age of 10 need to accompany their parents, to ensure the dog will be a good family match.
It is strongly ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )recommended that any dog already in the household also come to the campus to meet the new dog on neutral ground and to improve the likelihood of a smooth transition.
Adopters must be willing to do the following:
☆ Purchase an extra l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arge size container for use in the transition to the new home.
☆ Attend dog training ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) classes appropriate to the temperament of the new dog. Career change dogs often need further training or behavior modification.
☆ Have either a full ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y fenced area or kennel run at least five feet in height. A fence check will be performed prior to any dog going home. A fence check will not be performed until and unless a suitable dog is available.
ADOPTION RPOCESS
If you meet the adopt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ion criteria, the steps in the application are easy.
1. Complete the online application (link below).
2. If we have question ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s or need further information from you, we will contact you by phone. The volume of applications we receive does not permit responses to individual inquiries about the status of an application. Applicants not selected for adoption consideration will be notified by letter.
3. We will contact you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) by phone if and when we have a dog that may be suitable for you. At that time, you’ll receive a detailed description of the dog, including the reason it was career changed form the program, what it was like in the puppy raising home, what its current needs are, etc.
4. We will arra ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nge an appointment for you to come to our campus and meet the dog. It typically takes about two hours to show a dog. If all parties agree that it looks like a good match, the paperwork is done, adoption fee paid and the dog can go home at that time.
1．The Smiths w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ho have a 4-year-old child and a Labrador Retriever should________.
A．keep the retriever isolated from the adopted dog
B．pay $750 for the vet checkup, travel and accommodation
C．keep in touch with Dog Placement office beforehand
D．introduced the dog to the child on a neutral and familiar territory
2．What is the precondition for having a career change dog
A．Behavior adaptation or discipline. B．A spacious apartment or house.
C．Familiarity with dog breeds. D．Knowledge of career change program.
3．Adoption is based on the principle that ________.
A．first come, first served B．suitability matters
C．customer comes first D．quality is the cornerstone
【标准答案】
1．C
2．A
3．B
【思路点拨】
这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了收养狗的一些须知。
1．
细节理解题。根据文中“Cal ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ifornia campus within a week of being notified by our Dog Placement office that a potentially suitable dog is available.”（在收到我们的狗安置办公室的通知后一周内，在加利福尼亚大学校园内将提供一只潜在的合适的狗）由此可知，史密斯家有一个4岁的孩子和一只拉布拉多猎犬，他们应该事先与狗安置办公室取得联系。故选C项。
2．
细节理解题。根据文中“Career chan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ge dogs often need further training or behavior modification.”（职业转换犬通常需要进一步的训练或行为调整。）由此可知，拥有一只职业转换犬的前提条件是它的行为适应或行为符合准则。故选A项。
3．
细节理解题。根据文中“We will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) contact you by phone if and when we have a dog that may be suitable for you.”（如果我们有适合您的狗，我们将通过电话与您联系）由此可知，收养基于适合的原则。故选B项。
（2021·上海宝山·二模 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )） The classic road trip is more popular than ever. Here are several places to hit the open road.
Colo-road Trips
The Colorado Tourism ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Office has made it easy for road-trippers to explore the state's 24 Scenic Historic Byways. A new microsite includes an interactive map that enables travelers to explore options by region, interest or season. Travelers seeking inspiration can also access insider tips and side-trip suggestions within more than 150 Colo-road Trip itineraries (行程). The flexible itineraries offer suggestions for historic attractions, active adventures and highlight cultural opportunities.
The Bear-tooth Highway
Visitors who travel t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his extraordinary path experience the visual landscape of Montana, Wyoming and Yellowstone Park, home to the Absaroka and Bear-tooth mountains. The windy,cliff-hugging 68-mile stretch introduces road explorers to one of the most diverse ecosystems accessible by auto. Amazingly beautiful, this All-American Road displays wide highlands, painted with patches (一片片) of ice blue lakes, forested valleys, waterfalls and wildlife.
Seward Highway, Alaska
The road tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t connects Anchorage to Seward is a 127-mile treasure, including natural beauty, wildlife and stories of adventure and endurance. Take a day or several to explore the region that has earned three-fold recognition as a Forest Service Scenic Byway, an Alaskan Scenic Byway and an All-American Road. The drive begins at the base of the Chugach Mountains, hugs the scenic shores of Turn-again Arm and winds through mining towns, national forests and fishing villages as you imagine how explorers, fur traders and gold prospectors might have fared back in the day. Expect waterfalls, glaciers (冰川), eagles, moose (驼鹿) and some good bear stories.
The Lighthouse Trail, Maine
Travel the 37 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )5 miles between Kittery and Calais, Maine, visit lighthouses along the way, and learn about the dangers that seagoing boats and their crew endured along the rocky Northeastern coast. Hear tales of shipwrecks (海滩) and of the difficult and lonely life led by those who kept the lights burning brightly. If possible, visit the Maine Lighthouse Museum, where artifacts and hands-on exhibits for children provide an attractive break.
4．What is special about each place mentioned above
A．Tourists of Colo- ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )road Trips are provided with adaptable plans of trip.
B．Visitors to the Bear-tooth Highway can enjoy the auto display.
C．Drivers al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ong Seward Highway can appreciate the treasure underground.
D．The Lighthouse T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rail offers travelers seagoing boats to row on the sea.21*cnjy*com
5．Which trip may favor kids according to the passage
A．Colo-road Trips.
B．The Bear-tooth Highway.
C．Seward Highway, Alaska.
D．The Lighthouse Trail, Maine.
6．The best title for the passage is________.
A．Stories of adventure along road trips
B．American popular road trips
C．Recognition for classic places
D．All-American highway journey
【标准答案】
4．A
5．D
6．B
【思路点拨】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国四个经典的公路旅行，以及它们各自具有的特点和作者的推荐。
4．
细节理解题。由Colo-r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oad Trips中的“Travelers seeking inspiration can also access insider tips and side-trip suggestions within more than 150 Colo-road Trip itineraries (行程). The flexible itineraries offer suggestions for historic attractions, active adventures and highlight cultural opportunities. (寻求灵感的旅行者还可以在150多条科洛公路旅行路线中获得内部提示和边行建议。灵活的路线为历史景点、积极冒险和亮点文化机会提供建议)”可知，Colo-road Trips的特别之处在于，游客可以获得内部提示和边行建议，即“Colo-road Trips给游客提供适应性的旅行计划”。故选A项。
5．
细节理解题。由The Lighthou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se Trail, Maine中的“If possible, visit the Maine Lighthouse Museum, where artifacts and hands-on exhibits for children provide an attractive break. (如果可能的话，参观Maine Lighthouse Museum，它为孩子们提供了一个有吸引力的休息时间)”可知，The Lighthouse Trail, Maine有利于孩子们。故选D项。
6．
主旨大意题。由第一段“The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) classic road trip is more popular than ever. Here are several places to hit the open road. (经典的公路旅行比以往任何时候都更受欢迎。这里有几个地方可以走上开阔的道路)”和下文内容可知，文章介绍了美国四个经典的公路旅行，以及它们各自具有的特点和作者的推荐，B项“美国流行的公路旅行”符合文意。故选B项。
（2021·上海宝山·二模） Peop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le are motivated to do activities by many different factors. For me the main factors that are involved are competition, the desire for achieving greatness, the satisfaction of completing projects, and enjoyment.
Since I am a twin, a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sense of competition is deep rooted in my brain. Healthy competition can push us to do fantastic things. It makes us strive for a certain goal and gets us to do things faster. However, I do not think competition should become harmful. When anger, frustration, and depression is a result of competition, it is not healthy. Yet, competition can bring about respect, friendship, and mutual gain. In the case with my twin brother, we have pushed ourselves to be good at sports, music, school, and even at work. This competitive spirit has leaked into my life without my twin around. In a sense, I reproduce my twin brother in other people. I always try to be number one at whatever I do—or at least in the top three. There are times this attitude becomes unhealthy, as I get frustrated if I give everything to a competition or activity and produce only average results. But as the years passed, I have gotten better at handling failure and defeat. All in all, I think I finish and do well in many areas of my life for the simple fact that I want to do well in them. The feeling of doing well against competent opponents is satisfying.
I enjoy the f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eeling of completing an important project. For instance, last year, I finished a poetry collection with my late father’s poems and my own poems. It was an honor to him and his work. In a way, I felt that his death was not in vain and that his work was proved even more through this collection. It is hard to describe the moment of knowing when such an important project is set to rest: it is almost like you are ready to die. You sense that a chapter of your life has closed and you are now a new person. These deep emotions motivate me to complete projects on a regular basis.
The simplest fa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ctor that motivates me to do something is enjoyment. There are people who do activities they do not enjoy for decades. I am not one of those people. I can work on tasks I do not like for a while, but in the end, my main focus should be on something that I enjoy. If I find joy in doing a certain work, I engage in it for a large part of the day, or even all day without tiring. Tiredness in most cases, in my life, is due to a lack of enjoyment in the work being done.
Each person has his ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) or her own motivating factors. I hope this reflection has allowed you to dip deeper into your true nature.
7．The author mentions his twin brother (Paragraph 2) to show______.
A．the peer of competition B．the root cause of competition
C．the competent opponent D．the competitive partner
8．By the poetry collection, the author intends to_____.
A．honor his father and himself for years to come
B．describe the sense of a chapter of his new life
C．allow his father to rest and get himself to ready to die21教育网
D．appreciate the satisfaction of completing projects
9．What attitude does the author take towards tasks
A．He feels angry, frustrated and depressed in his tasks.
B．He enjoys the tasks that other people are reluctant to do.
C．He works without tiredness if he takes pleasure in tasks.
D．He usually lacks enjoyment in the tasks being done.
10．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage
A．Motivation B．Competition C．Reflection D．Satisfaction
【标准答案】
7．B
8．D
9．C
10．A
【思路点拨】
这是一篇说明文。短文主要介绍了作者做事的动力。
7．
推理判断题。根据第二段“S ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ince I am a twin, a sense of competition is deep rooted in my brain. In the case with my twin brother, we have pushed ourselves to be good at sports, music, school, and even at work. This competitive spirit has leaked into my life without my twin around.”（由于我是双胞胎，竞争意识深深扎根于我的大脑。就我的孪生兄弟而言，我们努力使自己擅长体育、音乐、学校，甚至工作。这种竞争精神已经渗透到我不和他在一起的生活中）由此判断出，作者提到了他的双胞胎兄弟来说明竞争的根本原因。故选B项。
8．
细节理解题。根据第三段“I enjoy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the feeling of completing an important project. For instance, last year, I finished a poetry collection with my late father’s poems and my own poems.”（我喜欢完成一个重要项目的感觉。例如，去年，我完成了一本诗集，收录了我已故父亲的诗和我自己的诗）由此可知，通过诗集，作者希望能够感受到完成作品的满足感。故选D项。
9．
细节理解题。根据第四段“I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) can work on tasks I do not like for a while, but in the end, my main focus should be on something that I enjoy. If I find joy in doing a certain work, I engage in it for a large part of the day, or even all day without tiring.”（我可以在一段时间内从事我不喜欢的工作，但最终，我的主要精力应该放在我喜欢的事情上。如果我从做某项工作中找到乐趣，我会一天中的大部分时间都去做它，甚至一整天都不觉得累）由此可知，作者对任务的态度是如果他从工作中获得乐趣，他不会疲倦。故选C项。
10．
主旨大意题。根据第一段“P ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eople are motivated to do activities by many different factors. For me the main factors that are involved are competition, the desire for achieving greatness, the satisfaction of completing projects, and enjoyment.”（人们进行活动的动机有许多不同的因素。对我来说，其中的主要因素是竞争、取得伟大成就的渴望、完成项目的满足感和享受。）由此可知，短文主要介绍了作者做事的动力。所以短文的最佳标题为“动力”。故选A项。
（2021·上海市南洋模范中学高三期中）About PISA
The Program for Int ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ernational Student Assessment（PISA）is a triennial（每三年一次的）international survey which aims to evaluate education systems worldwide by testing the skills and knowledge of 15-year-old students.To date，students representing more than 70 economies have participated in the assessment.
What makes PISA different
PISA is unique beca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )use it develops tests which are not directly linked to the school curriculum.The tests are designed to assess to what extent students at the end of compulsory education can apply their knowledge to real life situations and be equipped for full participation in society.The information collected through background questionnaires also provides context which can help analysts interpret the results.
What the assessment involves
Since the year 2000， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )every three years，fifteen-year-old students from randomly selected schools worldwide take tests in the key subjects：reading.mathematics and sciences with a focus on one subject in each year of assessment.The students take a test that lasts 2 hours.The tests are a mixture of open-ended and multiple-choice questions that are organized in groups based on a passage setting out a real-life situation. A total of about 390 minutes of test items are covered. Students take different combinations of different tests.
Additional PISA initiatives
PlSA-based Test for Schools（PTS）
As interest in PIS ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )A has grown，School and local educators have been wanting to know how their individual schools compare with students and schools in education systems worldwide. To address this need，the OECD（The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development）has developed the PISA-based test for schools.It is currently available in the United States and the OECD is in discussions with governments to make the test available in other countries such as England and Spain.
11．PISA is different from other programs because ________ .
A．its test is closely related to the school curriculum
B．its test aims to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) assess whether students can solve real-life problems
C．its test can equip students for full participation in school
D．test scores directly determine the analysis of the test
12．Which of the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )following statements is TRUE according to the passage？
A．Test-takers are carefully selected.
B．Test-takers answer the same questions.
C．Test-takers are tested on three key subjects.
D．Test-takers spend about 390minutes on the test.
13．What can we infer from the last paragraph？
A．Students of all ages will be able to take PTS in the future.
B．More countries are likely to have PTS in the future.
C．School and local educators show little interest in PISA at present.
D．PISA provides ev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aluation of the education system within a certain country.
【标准答案】
11．B
12．C
13．B
【思路点拨】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了每三年一次的国际学生评估项目PISA。
11．
细节理解题。根据第二段“PI ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )SA is unique because it develops tests which are not directly linked to the school curriculum. The tests are designed to assess to what extent students at the end of compulsory education can apply their knowledge to real life situations and be equipped for full participation in society.（PISA是独一无二的，因为它开发了与学校课程没有直接联系的测试。这些测试旨在评估在义务教育结束时，学生可以在多大程度上将他们的知识应用到现实生活中，并为参与社会做好准备）”可知，PISA与其他测试项目不同的是旨在测试学生能否解决现实生活中的问题。故选择B项。
12．
细节理解题。根据第三段“Since t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he year 2000，every three years，fifteen-year-old students from randomly selected schools worldwide take tests in the key subjects：reading. Mathematics and sciences with a focus on one subject in each year of assessment. The students take a test that lasts 2 hours.（自从2000年，每三年，来自世界各地随机选择的学校的15岁的学生参加阅读、数学和科学的关键科目的测试，每年重点评估一门科目。学生进行2个小时的测试。）”可知，考生会在三个关键科目上进行测试，故选择C项。
13．
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It is c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )urrently available in the United States and the OECD is in discussions with governments to make the test available in other countries such as England and Spain.（PTS目前可在美国提供，经合组织正在与各国政府讨论，以便在英国和西班牙等其他国家提供该测试。）”可知，未来可能会有更多的国家使用这项测试，故选择B项。
（2021·上海杨浦·高三期中） A 47-year-old Frenchman had an unfortunate experience while walking around Cannes. Here he is to tell us all about it.
The Black Hole
I work in the p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hilosophy department at the university. Just last week, I had some drinks with some friends in a bar. After a few glasses of wine, but not too many, mind you, I felt. It was about six in the evening, and it was starting to get dark. It had been raining heavily the past few days, but that night it was pleasant so I decided to walk home. However, I'd just turned the corner into my street when all of a sudden, "whoosh", I fell down an uncovered manhole.
Flying
It was an incredi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ble experience. It was as if I was flying through the air. I could feel the cold, wet sides of the drain. Eventually my back was rubbing along the side, until "splash", I fell into a pool of running water.
A Water Ride
Now I was moving quite ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) fast. The current was very strong — I guess it was because of all the heavy rain that had flooded the drain. Luckily the water wasn't very deep so I could keep my head above water. There was nothing I could do, so I lay back, with my hands behind my head, as if I was on slide in a water park, and just let myself go. It was quite pleasant really, except for the occasional mouthful of sickening water, and a horrible smell. When was it going to end I was about to find out.
The End of the Ordeal
All of a sud ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )den, I could see a light at the end of the tunnel. It started off quite small, but then it got bigger and bigger. A few seconds later I was shot up violently out of the drain, and onto the beach, right below the luxurious Majestic Hotel. I lay there for a few second, shaken, but unharmed. Then I picked myself up, walked up to the hotel and told them what had happened. Of course, at first it was hard to convince them that this dirty, wet middle-aged man with a horrible smell on him was in fact a dignified university professor. Anyway, they eventually believed me and allowed me to clean myself in one of the rooms.
Recovery
Miraculously, I was un ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )injured after my 30-minutes ride. I am currently in the process of charging the local council with failing to warn the public about the unmarked manhole.
Meanwhile, the town ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )yor has blamed "unusually strong rain fall" for the situation.
14．Why did the man fall into to manhole
A．He was walking too fast. B．He had drunk too much wine.
C．The manhole was uncovered. D．The heavy rain blocked his vision.
15．The underlined word "ordeal" probably means________.
A．suffering B．spinning C．overflow D．offence
16．What can be learned about the man
A．He blamed his misfortune on the unusually heavy rain.
B．He was lucky enough to ge spotted by a hotel employee.
C．He had to swim against the strong current to survive.
D．He is engaged in a legal case against the local authorities.
17．Which of the following is the best title for the article
A．A Frenchman's Night Encounter B．A Ride down the Drain
C．Watch out for Hid ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )den Dangers D．Defend One's Dignity in Tough Situations
【标准答案】
14．C
15．A
16．D
17．B
【思路点拨】
本文是应用文。文章讲述了47岁的法国大学教授在晚上回家途中掉进地面的检修孔，在下水道里顺水漂流半个小时的不幸遭遇。
14．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Howeve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r, I'd just turned the corner into my street when all of a sudden, "whoosh", I fell down an uncovered manhole.(然而，我刚拐进我住的那条街，突然，“嗖”的一声，我掉进了一个没有盖的下水道)”可知，下水道的检修孔没有盖上，所以他掉了下去。故选C项。
15．
词句猜测题。根据第五段“All of a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sudden, I could see a light at the end of the tunnel.(突然间，我在隧道尽头看到了一线亮光)”、“A few seconds later I was shot up violently out of the drain, and onto the beach, right below the luxurious Majestic Hotel.(几秒钟后，我从下水道里被猛烈地喷了出来，落到海滩上，就在豪华的Majestic酒店的正下方)”和“Of course, at first it was hard to convince them that this dirty, wet middle-aged man with a horrible smell on him was in fact a dignified university professor.(当然，一开始很难让他们相信，这个脏兮兮、湿漉漉、身上散发着难闻气味的中年男子实际上是一位高贵的大学教授)”可知，本段描写了他如何从下肮脏的下水道脱身，结束了可怕的下水道漂流，所以小标题“The End of the Ordeal”中的ordeal是指“在下水道漂流的痛苦”，suffering与其词义相近，表示“痛苦”。故选A项。
16．
细节理解题。根据第六段“I am curre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ntly in the process of charging the local council with failing to warn the public about the unmarked manhole.(我现在正在起诉地方议会没有提醒公众注意未标记的下水道)”可知，他正在起诉地方议会。故选D项。
17．
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了47岁的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法国大学教授在晚上回家途中掉进地面的检修孔，在下水道里顺水漂流半个小时的不幸遭遇，故B项“A Ride down the Drain(下水道漂流)”是最佳标题。故选B项。
（2021·上海·复旦附中高三月 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考） A lone humpback whale travelled more than 9,800 kilometers from breeding areas in Brazil to those in Madagascar, setting a record for the longest mammal migration even documented.
Humpback whales are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) known to have some of the longest migration distances of all mammals, and this huge journey is about 400 kilometers father than the previous humpback record. The finding was made by Peter Stevick, a biologist at the College of the Atlantic in Bar Harbor, Maine.
The whale's journey w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as unusual not only for its length, but also because it travelled across about 90 degrees of longitude from west to east. Typically, humpbacks move in a north-south direction between cold feeding areas and warm breeding grounds.【出处：21教育名师】
The whale, a f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )emale, was first spotted off the coast of Brazil, where researches photographed its tail fluke and took skin samples to determine the animal's sex. Two years later, a tourist on a whale-watching boat snapped a photo of the humpback near Madagascar.
To match the two sig ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )htings, Stevick's team used an extensive international catalogue of photographs of the undersides of tail flukes, which have distinctive markings. Researchers routinely compare the markings in each new photograph to those in the archive.
The scientists the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n estimated the animal's shortest possible route: an arc skirting the southern tip of South Africa and heading north-east towards Madagascar. The minimum distance is 9,800 kilometers, says Stevick, but this is likely to be an underestimate, because the whale probably took a roundabout way to feed on frill in the Southern Ocean near Antarctica before reaching its destination.
Most humpback-whale ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )researches focus on their efforts on the Northern Hemisphere because the Southern Ocean near the Antarctica is a tough environment and it is hard to get to, explaining Rochelle Constantine, who studies the ecology of humpback whales at the University of Auckland in New Zealand. But, for whales, oceans in the Southern Hemisphere are wider and easier to travel across, says Constantine. Scientists will probably observe more long-distance migrations in the Southern Hemisphere as satellite tracking becomes increasingly common, she adds.
Daniel Palaci ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )os, an oceanographer at the University of Hawaii at Monoa, says that record-breaking journey could indicate that migration patterns are shifting as populations begin to recover from near-extinction and the population increases. But the reasons why whale did not follow the usual migration routes remain a mystery. She could have been exploring new habitats, or simply have lost her way. “We generally think of humpback whales as very well studied, but then they surprise us with things like this,” Palacios says. “Undoubtedly there are a lot of things we still don't know about whale migration.”
18．In what way was the whale's journey considered unusual
A．It covered a long distance from west to east.
B．A female whale rather than a male one completed it.
C．The whale moved from its breeding ground to its feeding area.
D．No one had ever spotted the whale other than at its destination.
19．Why did the researchers compare the markings on tail flukes
A．There is a va ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )st collection of such markings. B．The markings there last by far the longest.
C．No two wha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )les share the same markings. D．The markings are easiest to photograph.
20．What can be inferred from the passage
A．More evidence s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hould have been provided that the whale had even arrived at Madagascar.
B．South Hemi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sphere can provide more information about humpback whales' migration.
C．The whale's ac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tual route might well have been shorter than the scientists had estimated.
D．North Hemisphe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re's environment is becoming tougher for whales to survive.
21．What is the passage mainly about
A．A female whale was spotted twice in the Southern Ocean.
B．Research on whales is a breakthrough.
C．Whales' migration routes vary with the climate change.
D．A whale surprises researchers with her journey.
【标准答案】
18．A
19．C
20．B
21．D
【思路点拨】
这是一篇说明文。说明了一头座头鲸从 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )巴西的繁殖地迁徙到马达加斯加的繁殖地，行程超过9800公里，创造了哺乳动物迁徙时间最长的记录，这让研究人员感到惊讶。文章介绍了这条鲸鱼的一些情况和科学家对此的看法。
18．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hale's journey was unusual not only for its length, but also because it travelled across about 90 degrees of longitude from west to east.(这条鲸鱼的旅行很不寻常，不仅因为它的长度，还因为它从西向东穿越了大约90度经度)”可知，鲸鱼的旅行从西到东跨越了一段很长的距离，所以被认为是不寻常的。故选A。
19．
推理判断题。根据第四段“The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) whale, a female, was first spotted off the coast of Brazil, where researches photographed its tail fluke and took skin samples to determine the animal's sex. Two years later, a tourist on a whale-watching boat snapped a photo of the humpback near Madagascar.(这头鲸鱼是一头雌性，最初是在巴西海岸被发现的，研究人员拍摄了它的尾鳍，并采集了皮肤样本来确定它的性别。 两年后，一名乘坐观鲸船的游客在马达加斯加附近拍下了这头座头鲸的照片)”以及第五段To match the two sightings, Stevick's team used an extensive international catalogue of photographs of the undersides of tail flukes, which have distinctive markings. Researchers routinely compare the markings in each new photograph to those in the archive.(为了匹配这两种发现，史蒂威克的团队使用了大量的国际图片目录，记录了尾部裂片的底面，这些裂片有独特的标记。研究人员经常将每张新照片上的标记与存档照片上的标记进行比较)”可推知，研究人员要比较尾鳍上的标记是因为没有两只鲸鱼有相同的标记。故选C。
20．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“But ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), for whales, oceans in the Southern Hemisphere are wider and easier to travel across, says Constantine. Scientists will probably observe more long-distance migrations in the Southern Hemisphere as satellite tracking becomes increasingly common, she adds.(但是，康斯坦丁说，对于鲸鱼来说，南半球的海洋更宽，更容易穿越。她补充说，随着卫星追踪变得越来越普遍，科学家们可能会在南半球观察到更多的长距离迁徙)”可推知，南半球可以提供更多关于座头鲸迁徙的信息。故选B。
21．
主旨大意题。根据第一段“A lone hum ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pback whale travelled more than 9,800 kilometers from breeding areas in Brazil to those in Madagascar, setting a record for the longest mammal migration even documented.(一头座头鲸从巴西的繁殖地迁徙到马达加斯加的繁殖地，行程超过9800公里，创造了哺乳动物迁徙时间最长的记录)”以及最后一段中““We generally think of humpback whales as very well studied, but then they surprise us with things like this,” Palacios says. “Undoubtedly there are a lot of things we still don't know about whale migration.”(Palacios说：“我们通常认为座头鲸已经被研究得很透彻了，但它们的这种行为让我们感到惊讶。毫无疑问，关于鲸鱼迁徙，我们还有很多不知道的事情。”)”结合文章介绍了这条鲸鱼的一些情况和科学家对此的看法。可知，这篇文章的主要内容是一头鲸鱼的旅程让研究人员感到惊讶。故选D。
（2021·上海市进才中学 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )高三期中） Professor Heinz Wolff, who has died aged 89, was a bioengineering pioneer. He established the discipline, named it and, in a 60-year career, made significant contributions to medicalresearch.But to the British public, he was best known as the"dotty scientist' who fronted The Great Egg Race, a BBC show in which colour-coded teams were set engineering challenges（the first was to transport an egg in a vehicle powered by rubber bands）.With his trademark bow tie, half-moon glasses and Mittel-European accent, he looked really like Professor Branestawn, as described by W. Heath Robinson. Yet while he cheerfully exploited his reputation as a "peculiar egghead'", he was very serious about his work and inspired thousands of young people to consider scientific careers.
Born in Berlin in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 1928, Heinz Wolff was the son of Jewish parents.His mother died in 1938, and the next year the family fled.They arrived in Britain on the day war was declared."We really cut it rather fine," he said on Desert Island Discs in 1998.After leaving school, he worked as a technician at the Radcliffe Infirmary in Oxford.where he invented a machine to count red blood cells, and then at the National Institute for Medical Research's pneumoconiosis research unit in Cardiff, where he designed a means of measuring dust levels in coal miners.He went on to study at University College London and graduated with a first in physics and physiology. Then, in 1983, he founded the Institute for Bioengineering at Brunel University.His particular interest was in technologies to improve the lives of older people, but he was also heavily involved in space research and worked as an adviser to the European Space Agency.
Wolff had made his ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )first appearance on TV on Panorama in 1966,encouraging Richard Dimbleby to swallow a“radio pill'".On The Great Egg Race, which ran from 1979,his task was to get opponent teams representing organizations such as the chemical company ICI. Challenges included building a hovercraft from a lawnmower, and inventing a bicycle that could ride on water.Marks were awarded for entertainment value and technical accomplishment.The show ended in the mid-l980s,but Wolff continued to judge scientific competitions, on TV and elsewhere. A natural entertainer with an inexhaustible curiosity about the world, he said he'd be happy to dress up as a clown if it got children interested in science.
22．The word “dotty” (paragraph1) is closest in meaning to ________ .
A．peculiar B．serious C．famous D．genius
23．Which of the follo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wing statements is TRUE of Heinz Wolff according to the passage？
A．His family left Berlin after World War II began.
B．He used to major in physics and physiology.
C．He invented a machine while in University College London.
D．His interest lay in helping those living in war-stricken areas.
24．Heinz Wolff didn't mind looking ridiculous as long as _________ .
A．he could keep being curious about the world
B．he could combine entertainment and technology
C．he could help arouse children's interest in science2-1-c-n-j-y
D．he could appear on TV to judge scientific competitions
25．Which of the following is an achievement made by Heinz Wolff？
A．Representing a chemi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cal company. B．Designing a method to count red blood cells.
C．Being the first s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cientist to front TV shows. D．Setting up the subject of bioengineering.
【标准答案】
22．A
23．B
24．C
25．D
【思路点拨】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述生物工程的先驱海因茨·沃尔夫教授的事迹和成就。
22．
词义猜测题。根据第一段“Yet ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )while he cheerfully exploited his reputation as a "peculiar egghead'", he was very serious about his work and inspired thousands of young people to consider scientific careers. （然而，当他愉快地利用自己“古怪的书呆子”的名声时，他对自己的工作非常认真，并激励了成千上万的年轻人考虑科学事业。）”这句话中的“peculiar egghead”是对他的称呼的再一次出现，由此可知dotty和peculiar同义，都是古怪的意思，故选A。
23．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Born in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Berlin in 1928, Heinz Wolff was the son of Jewish parents.（海因茨·沃尔夫1928年出生于柏林，父母是犹太人。） ”， A选项错误； “He went on to study at University College London and graduated with a first in physics and physiology.（他继续在伦敦大学学院学习，毕业时获得了物理学和生理学的第一名。） ” ，B选项正确；“After leaving school, he worked as a technician at the Radcliffe Infirmary in Oxford. where he invented a machine to count red blood cells（毕业后，他在牛津的拉德克里夫医院做技术员。在那里，他发明了一种计算红细胞的机器，）”，C选项错误；D选项“他的兴趣在于帮助那些生活在战争灾区的人”文中未提到，故选B。
24．
细节理解题。 根据最后一段 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“A natural entertainer with an inexhaustible curiosity about the world, he said he'd be happy to dress up as a clown if it got children interested in science.（作为一个天生的表演者，他对世界有着无尽的好奇心。他说，如果能让孩子们对科学感兴趣，他很乐意打扮成小丑。）”由此可知，只要能激发孩子们的科学兴趣，海因茨·沃尔夫不介意看上去很滑稽， 故选C。
25．
细节理解题。根据第二段“T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hen, in 1983, he founded the Institute for Bioengineering at Brunel University.（1983年，他在布鲁内尔大学建立了生物工程研究所）”由此可知，建立生物工程研究课题是他的成就，故选D。
（2021·上海市进才中学高三月考） ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Spelling Bees (英语拼写大赛) have always been cute. But they’re about to get cuter, because now they will actually be about something. The National Spelling Bee has announced that hereafter, contestants will have to know the definitions of words as well as how to write them out. The latter is cruel mechanics, which only became a thing to master and compete because of English’s awkward and random spelling system. In countries where writing actually corresponds regularly with how words are pronounced, there is no such thing as a Spelling Bee.
Yet in those coun ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tries, there is often more of a love for the language itself, even among less educated people. And loving your language means a command of its vocabulary beyond the level of the everyday. This appreciation shows up in things they say that would not “translate” into English. A Russian friend of mine once said she fell in love with her husband because of “his Russian.” Note how hard it is to imagine an American woman saying what hooked her on her husband was “his English”. “The way he talked,” maybe, but not something as specific as his command of the language in an artistic sense.
I recently at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tended a conference where Castilians gave the opening addresses, in a distinctly formal layer of Spanish. In English this would have sounded extremely boring even at a university. You can buy volumes of high literature and poetry at an ordinary train station in Spain. At Long Island railroad stops in America, not.
Yet even in Americ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a there was once a richer love of English for its own sake. H. L. Mencken knocked Warren Harding for “the worst English that I have ever encountered.” Today we have knocked George W. Bush for “the way he talks” but not something as formal as “his English.”
Today we live ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in a society where in 2001, then President of the University of California Richard Atkinson got good press with his announced horror that high school students spend hours each month— directly and indirectly— preparing for the SAT, studying long lists of verbal analogies such as ‘‘untruthful is to mendaciousness” as ‘‘circumspect is to caution.” In the old days, that was called, well, school.
Currently, Ameri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ca’s love for language focuses on the informal. Rap and spoken word have reawakened the country to poetry in itself. Texting and Twitter encourage creative uses of casual language, in ways I have celebrated widely. But we’ve fallen behind on enjoying the formal layer of our language. Critics such as Stefan Fatsis have argued that adding a comprehension component to the Spelling Bee is, ironically, “small-minded.” It isn’t. It’s getting back in touch with loving our native language, something ordinal in most cultures on earth— but so long unknown to us that the Fatsises and Atkinsons among us can barely imagine it.
26．Writing out a word in a Spelling Bee is difficult because________.
A．it is a thing to master and compete in
B．people do not feel it cute anymore
C．there is no spelling bee in other countries
D．the English spelling system is random
27．We can safely conclude from Paragraph 2 and 3 that________.
A．less educated people in other countries like the language itself
B．American people don’t appreciate English in its formal form
C．an American wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )man will be easily attracted to a man by his way of talking
D．a formal laye ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r of English can only be found at an American university
28．It is implied in Paragraph 5 that________.
A．the public felt the same horror as Richard Atkinson did
B．the SAT didn’t need so much attention from the students
C．high school students should go to school to prepare for the SAT
D．verbal analogies should have been taught in the old days
29．According to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the author, Americans need spelling bees and vocabulary tests because________.
A．they need to avoid being small-minded
B．rap and spoken word are not artistic enough
C．Fatsises and Atkinsons can barely imagine it
D．they need to focus more on formal English
【标准答案】
26．D
27．B
28．A
29．D
【思路点拨】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过介绍英语拼写大赛的规则变化告诉我们一个事实：公众需要更多地关注正式英语。
26．
细节理解题。根据第一段关 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )键句“The National Spelling Bee has announced that hereafter, contestants will have to know the definitions of words as well as how to write them out. The latter is cruel mechanics, which only became a thing to master and compete because of English’s awkward and random spelling system. In countries where writing actually corresponds regularly with how words are pronounced, there is no such thing as a Spelling Bee.”（全国英语拼写大赛宣布，此后，参赛者将必须知道单词的定义以及如何写出单词。后者是残酷的机制，由于英语笨拙而随意的拼写系统，它只能成为一种需要掌握和竞争的东西。在那些书写与单词发音有规律的国家，根本没有拼字比赛。）可知，要求参赛者拼写出单词是很残酷的，因为英语的拼写系统是随意的，由此可知，在拼字比赛中写出一个单词很难，因为英语拼写系统是随意的。故选D项。
27．
推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“N ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ote how hard it is to imagine an American woman saying what hooked her on her husband was “his English”.”（请注意，很难想象一位美国妇女说，她丈夫吸引她的是“他的英语”。）和第三段关键句“You can buy volumes of high literature and poetry at an ordinary train station in Spain. At Long Island railroad stops in America, not.”（你可以在西班牙的一个普通火车站买到大量的高级文学和诗歌。在美国长岛火车站，不是这样的。）可知，通过第二段和第三段的例子我们知道，美国女性不会因为丈夫说着一口正式的英语而爱上他，美国火车站也买不到高级文学和诗歌，由此可知，美国人对正式的英语语言没有那么喜爱和重视，我们可以从第2段和第3段得出结论，美国人不欣赏正式形式的英语。故选B项。
28．
推理判断题。根据第五段关键句“Toda ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y we live in a society where in 2001, then President of the University of California Richard Atkinson got good press with his announced horror that high school students spend hours each month— directly and indirectly— preparing for the SAT, studying long lists of verbal analogies such as ‘‘untruthful is to mendaciousness” as ‘‘circumspect is to caution.””（今天，我们生活在一个社会，在2001，然后加利福尼亚大学校长Richard Atkinson因宣布的恐惧而受到好评，他的恐惧是高中生每个月都要花费数小时——直接或间接地——为SAT做准备，学习一长串的语言类比，如“不诚实就是虚伪”和“考虑周密的就是谨慎”。）可知，Richard Atkinson的恐惧是高中生每个月都要花费数小时学习一长串的语言类比，他因宣布这个恐惧而受到公众的好评，由此可推断出，第5段内容暗示公众和Richard Atkinson有一样感到恐惧，所以才会对他的言论给予好评。故选A项。
29．
推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“But ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) we’ve fallen behind on enjoying the formal layer of our language. Critics such as Stefan Fatsis have argued that adding a comprehension component to the Spelling Bee is, ironically, “small-minded.” It isn’t. It’s getting back in touch with loving our native language, something ordinal in most cultures on earth— but so long unknown to us that the Fatsises and Atkinsons among us can barely imagine it.”（但是我们在享受语言的正式层面上已经落后了。Stefan Fatsis等批评家认为，讽刺的是，在拼写比赛中加入理解成分是“心胸狭窄”的。事实并非如此。它正在回归到热爱我们的母语，这在地球上的大多数文化中都是很平常的事情——但长期以来我们都不知道，我们中间的Fatsises和Atkinsons几乎无法想象。）可知，文章主要介绍了在英语拼写大赛加入理解成分，这样做是为了让我们重新热爱我们的母语，也就是上文提到的正式英语，由此可知，根据作者的说法，美国人需要拼写比赛和词汇测试，因为他们需要更多地关注正式英语。故选D项。
（2021·上海市进才中学高三月考） ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) For something that weighs only about three pounds, the human brain has a lot of responsibility. Deep within all those gray folds and creases are the controls for everything you do.
More than a century ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ago, scientists first mapped the brain as they worked to develop an understanding of each particular region. Early on, the maps were simple: Which part of the brain controlled speech Which controlled hearing Having a detailed, accurate guide ensures that studies are using the same points of reference and makes for more efficient, accurate investigations.
Now, however, things ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) are much more intricate. Researchers have just released an incredible new map of the brain, revealing nearly 100 new areas that were previously undiscovered or forgotten. Many experts are calling this a milestone in neuroscience according to the New York Times. The new map has been published in the journal Nature.
The new map draws o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n data collected by the Human Connectome Project, which studied 1,200 people using high-powered MRI scanners to understand how brain circuitry works. For the study, the participants’ brains were recorded while they laid in the scanner, while they did various math problems and memory tests, and while they listened to stories. Researchers drew boundaries based on where these and previous tests seemed to match. They also looked at anatomical differences, measuring, for example, the amount of myelin— a fatty substance that surrounds some neurons— in different areas of the brain.
“We have 112 differ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ent types of information we can tap into,” study co-author David Van Essen of Washington University Medical School told the New York Times.
With all those va ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )riables in hand, researchers eventually created a map that included 83 already familiar areas of the brain, plus an additional 97 regions that were either previously undiscovered, or somehow forgotten and lost in scientific literature along the way. Some previously known regions are how broken down into sub-regions with separate responsibilities. For example, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is a large area toward the front of the brain that’s active during thought. The new map shows that it’s made up of many smaller areas that can be key for different kinds of thought, ranging from making decisions to lying.
While experts are l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )auding the new map, it’s far from complete, say the researchers who created it.
“We’re thinki ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng of this as version 1.0”, says lead author Matthew Glasser, a neuroscientist at Washington University School of Medicine.” That doesn’t mean it’s the final version, but it’s a far better map than the ones we’ve had before.”
30．In the third paragraph, what does the word “intricate” mean
A．amazing B．tricky C．complicated D．difficult
31．What’s the researchers’ attitude to new map of the brain
A．They think it is sti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll incomplete. B．They think it is the best version.
C．They don’t like the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) new map of the brain. D．They think it is a milestone in neuroscience.
32．Which of the foll ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )owing statements is TRUE according to the passage
A．The new map included 97 unfamiliar areas of the brain.
B．The new map used previous data to study the brain circuitry.
C．Participants1 brains were monitored when they were telling stories.
D．The dorsolateral pr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )efrontal cortex is a small ares which is crucial for thinking.
33．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The responsibility of the brain circuitry.
B．Mixed opinions on the new map of the brain.
C．A study on an incredible new map of the brain.
D．The understanding of the familiar areas of the brain.
【标准答案】
30．C
31．A
32．A
33．C
【思路点拨】
这是一篇说明文。研究人员刚刚 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )发布了一幅令人难以置信的大脑新地图，揭示了近100个以前未被发现或被遗忘的新区域。文章介绍了研究开展的过程、发现以及人们对此的看法。
30．
词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Res ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )earchers have just released an incredible new map of the brain, revealing nearly 100 new areas that were previously undiscovered or forgotten. Many experts are calling this a milestone in neuroscience according to the New York Times.”可知，研究人员刚刚发布了一幅令人难以置信的大脑新地图，揭示了近100个以前未被发现或被遗忘的新区域。 据《纽约时报》报道，许多专家称这是神经科学的一个里程碑，且however表示转折，说明现在的情况比以前要复杂得多了。故intricate意思是“复杂的”。A. amazing令人惊异的；B. tricky狡猾的；C. complicated复杂的；D. difficult困难的。故选C。
31．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“W ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hile experts are lauding the new map, it’s far from complete, say the researchers who created it.(尽管专家们对这幅新地图赞不绝口，但绘制它的研究人员表示，它还远远不够完整)”可知，研究人员认为新的大脑图谱仍然不完整。故选A。
32．
细节理解题。根据倒数第三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段中“With all those variables in hand, researchers eventually created a map that included 83 already familiar areas of the brain, plus an additional 97 regions that were either previously undiscovered, or somehow forgotten and lost in scientific literature along the way.(在掌握了所有这些变量后，研究人员最终绘制出了一张地图，其中包括83个已经熟悉的大脑区域，以及另外97个以前没有被发现或在科学文献中被遗忘或丢失的区域)”可知，A选项“新地图包括了97个不熟悉的大脑区域”正确。故选A。
33．
主旨大意题。根据第三段中“R ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )esearchers have just released an incredible new map of the brain, revealing nearly 100 new areas that were previously undiscovered or forgotten. Many experts are calling this a milestone in neuroscience according to the New York Times.(研究人员刚刚发布了一幅令人难以置信的大脑新地图，揭示了近100个以前未被发现或被遗忘的新区域。据《纽约时报》报道，许多专家称这是神经科学的一个里程碑)”结合文章介绍了研究开展的过程、发现以及人们对此的看法。可知，这篇文章的主旨是对一幅令人难以置信的大脑新地图的研究。故选C。
（2021·上海·华师大二附 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中高三月考） Be it from the mouths of foreigners who have lived here for a few years or from stories on travel websites, one of the most common qualities that people list about Shanghai is the infectious energy that courses through the city.
For some, this energy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is defined by the way of life—Shanghai is a city that never sleeps. In the day, the streets arc always bustling with people from all over the world. After all, the city has long been China’s most cosmopolitan city, having been the epicenter of trade and cultural exchange between Chinese and foreigners since the city was forced to open its door to the world in 1843 after the First Opium War (1840-42).
Shanghai’s u ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )biquitous delivery people can be found on the roads even past midnight, rushing from point to point on their trusty electric scooters to satiate the hunger of night owls. Even before the break of dawn, pensioners can be found gathering in parks, ready to kick start their day with a tai chi session.
For others, this ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )energy is generated from the friction between the contrasts the city has. Indeed, it does not take long for one to realize that Shanghai's charm lies in it being a binary of old and new.
Here, charming n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eoclassical architecture and art deco structures stand alongside modem buildings with shimmering glass and metal facades, rustic (质朴的)lane houses and shikumen buildings. Humble mom-and-pop shops that look stuck in time can often be found right next to hip dining venues or industrial-chic fashion stores selling designer apparel.
One of the best pl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aces to get an overview of these surreal contrasts is none other than the tallest building in the city — the Shanghai Tower in Lujiazui. Measuring a dizzying 632 meters in height, this architectural marvel boasts having the world's highest observation deck within a building or structure. It also comes with the world's fastest elevators which would get you from the bottom to the top at 20.5 meters per second.
On the other sid ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e of the Huangpu River is where you would find the Bund, which is home to magnificent neoclassical buildings. The Bund is to Shanghai what Times Square is to New York or what the Champs-61ysees is to Paris. A trip to Shanghai would not be complete without exploring this iconic waterfront promenade.
Autumn is the be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )st time to experience Shanghai on foot, not merely because the weather is conducive for walking, but because this is when the roads and sidewalks in many areas are blanketed with a layer of colorful fallen leaves.
34．Why is the example of delivery man mentioned
A．To make a contrast with pensioners’ biological clock.
B．To illustrate the vibrant energy of modern Shanghai.
C．To highlight the diligence and consideration of delivery man.
D．To feature the courier delivery service in full swing.
35．Which of the following is TRUE about the contrast of Shanghai
A．The contrast mainly arises from the First Opium War.
B．The design of the Shanghai Tower stands for a contrast.
C．A marked contrast is shown in the use of building materials.
D．The dishes serv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed in mom-and-pop shops represent the outdated flavor.
36．The underlined w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ord “hip” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to________.
A．photographic B．modest C．peculiar D．stylish
37．Which of t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he following will be most probably discussed following the last paragraph
A．Stunning views of the Shanghai skyline.
B．The best places to view the seasonal spectacle.
C．The walking path that hugs the Huangpu River.
D．Must-try dishes and food items typical of Shanghai.
【标准答案】
34．B
35．B
36．D
37．B
【思路点拨】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了上海这个城市的生活和以及它的风景。
34．
推理判断题。根据第二段的“For some, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) this energy is defined by the way of life—Shanghai is a city that never sleeps. ”（对一些人来说，这种活力是由生活方式决定的——上海是一座不夜城。）和第三段的“Shanghai’s ubiquitous delivery people can be found on the roads even past midnight, rushing from point to point on their trusty electric scooters to satiate the hunger of night owls. ”可知，上海是个不夜城，即使到了午夜依然很活跃。第三段中提出送货员的例子是为了表明上海这个城市的活力。故选B。
35．
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“One o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f the best places to get an overview of these surreal contrasts is none other than the tallest building in the city — the Shanghai Tower in Lujiazui. ”（要一览这种超现实的反差，最好的地方莫过于上海最高的建筑——陆家嘴的上海中心大厦。）可知，上海中心大厦的设计体现了一种对比。故选B。
36．
词义猜测题。根据上文的“Here ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), charming neoclassical architecture and art deco structures stand alongside modem buildings with shimmering glass and metal facades, rustic (质朴的)lane houses and shikumen buildings. ”（在这里，迷人的新古典主义建筑和装饰艺术建筑与闪闪发光的玻璃和金属外墙的现代建筑、乡村小巷的房子和石库门建筑并肩而立。。）可知，这里的建筑都是古典建筑和现代建筑并立，因此可推测出，看起来很过时，不起眼的夫妻店，经常可以在旁边找到的应该是“现代的”时尚餐饮。因此，hip意为“时尚的”。故选D。
37．
推理判断题。最后一段主要介绍了秋天是徒 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )步体验上海的最佳时间，不仅因为天气有利于步行，还因为这是许多地区的道路和人行道上覆盖着一层多彩的落叶。由此可推断出，接下来的一段应该介绍去哪里欣赏上海秋天的美景最好。故选B。
（2021·上海市七宝中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )学高三月考）For a filmmaker who is not known for being very productive, Wong Kar-wai has certainly made headlines as of late. Next week, his brand-new 20th-anniversary restoration of In the Mood for Love will finally debut at the New York Film Festival followed by a nationwide tour that includes other recent restorations of his work, and an eventual Criterion box set release. Meanwhile, production on his long-gestating, decades-spanning drama Blossoms is underway with plans to make a TV version and a feature film. Now the director is returning to the universe of one of his most beloved films yet again.
Reports have su ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rfaced from many Chinese media outlets that Wong Kar-wai has scripted a sequel to his beloved 1994 romance Chungking Express. Titled Chungking Express 2020 and set in Chongqing in 2036, the China Film Administration approved the script back in April, which means it can move ahead. Here’s a brief synopsis:
In 1990s Hong Kong, th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e lovelorn Policeman No. 223 encounters a blonde female assassin. They only spend a short time together overnight. The Policeman No. 663, getting over a failed relationship, has his life gradually changed by a “dreamer” who broke into his apartment. In Chongqing in 2036, young Xiaoqian and May are unwilling to be matched with their genetically-assigned partner, and are determined to find their own “destiny.”
While Wong Kar-w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ai has already technically expanded the story of Chungking Express with Fallen Angels––which was the planned third story of Chungking but ended up spinning off into its own feature––he’s clearly taking a different route than a direct follow-up. From that brief synopsis, it sounds like it’ll be a loose sequel, rather finding thematic connections similar to those that bond Days of Being Wild, In the Mood for Love, and 2046. He’s currently only on board as the screenwriter, so if a different director hops on, perhaps it could get made sometime in the near future. If the meticulous Wong Kar-wai wants to make it himself, then we’ll patiently wait to see if it ever comes to fruition, since the quest for perfection consumes time and patience. Just don’t expect cinematographer Christopher Doyle to return.
“To me Chungking ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Express and Fallen Angels are one film that should be three hours long,” Wong Kar-wai said in 1998. “I always think these two films should be seen together as a double bill. In fact, people asked me during an interview for Chungking Express: “You’ve made these two stories which have no relationship at all to each other, how can you connect them ” And I said, “The main characters of Chungking Express are not Fay Wang or Takashi Kaneshiro, but the city itself, the night and day of Hong Kong. Chungking Express and Fallen Angels together are the bright and dark of Hong Kong.” I see the films as inter-reversible, the character of Fay Wang could be the character of Takashi in Fallen Angels; Brigitte Lin in Chungking Express could be Leon Lai in Fallen Angels. All of their characters are inter-reversible. Also, in Chungking Express we were shooting from a very long distance with long lenses, but the characters seem close to us.”
38．Which film ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) does the underlined part “one of his most beloved films” refer to
A．In the Mood for Love. B．Chunking Express.
C．Fallen Angels. D．Days of Being Wild.
39．Which of the following is True according to the Passage
A．The story ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of Chungking Express 2020 will directly follow that of Chungking Express.
B．It has been ann ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ounced that Wong Kar-wai will direct Chungking Express 2020.
C．Currently, th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e script of Chungking Express 2020 has not been finished yet.
D．Wong Kar-wai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )intends to adapt Blossoms for both the small and the big screen.
40．The underlined word “meticulous” means “________”.
A．attentive to small details B．curious about surroundings
C．indifferent to others’ feelings D．indecisive about contents
41．According to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) what Wong Kar-wai said in an interview in 1998, ________.
A．what the fil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m Chungking Express really intends to emphasize is the city Chongqing itself
B．Chungking ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Express and Fallen Angels must be viewed as two separate cinematic works
C．the seemingl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y-unrelated films Chungking Express and Fallen Angels tell the same story
D．long lenses were e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mployed during the shooting to highlight the actors and actresses
【标准答案】
38．B
39．D
40．A
41．C
【思路点拨】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要是王家卫导演对于其电影的一些诠释以及拍摄计划。
38．
词句猜测题。根据第二段中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“Reports have surfaced from many Chinese media outlets that Wong Kar-wai has scripted a sequel to his beloved 1994 romance Chungking Express.(许多中国媒体报道称，王家卫为他钟爱的1994年拍摄的爱情电影《重庆森林》编了续集)”可知，王家卫导演最喜欢的电影是《重庆森林》，故画线词部分指的是“Chunking Express”。故选B。
39．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Meanwhi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le, production on his long-gestating, decades-spanning drama Blossoms is underway with plans to make a TV version and a feature film.(与此同时，他酝酿已久、跨越数十年的的剧作《花开》正在制作中，计划制作电视剧版和故事片)”可知，D选项“王家卫打算将《花开》改编成大银幕和小银幕”正确。故选D。
40．
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“then we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’ll patiently wait to see if it ever comes to fruition, since the quest for perfection consumes time and patience”可知，追求完美需要时间和耐心，说明王家卫导演是一个注重小细节，追求完美的人。故画线词意思是“注重小细节”。故选A。
41．
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“I always think these two films should be seen together as a double bill. In fact, people asked me during an interview for Chungking Express: “You’ve made these two stories which have no relationship at all to each other, how can you connect them ” And I said, “The main characters of Chungking Express are not Fay Wang or Takashi Kaneshiro, but the city itself, the night and day of Hong Kong. Chungking Express and Fallen Angels together are the bright and dark of Hong Kong.”(“我一直认为这两部电影应该放在一起看。 事实上，在《重庆森林》的一次采访中，有人问我：“你写了两个毫无关联的故事，你怎么把它们联系起来？”我说：“《重庆森林》的主角不是王菲或金城武，而是这个城市本身，香港的日夜。《重庆森林》和《堕落天使》一起构成了香港的光明和黑暗。”)”可知，根据王家卫在1998年的一次采访中所说，看似无关的电影《重庆森林》和《堕落天使》讲述的是同一个故事。故选C。
（2021·上海市七宝中学高三月考） ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )
Lucky Dog is com ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mitted to finding loving forever homes for each of our dogs and cats. Our customized adoption process is designed to find the best fit for adopters, whatever they may be looking for. You may have a specific pet in mind or just beginning your search for a new family member; wherever you are in the process our Adoption Coordinators are here to guide you through the process.
We are incredibly gr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ateful for the overwhelming interest in our animals. You may notice that our dogs, cats, puppies and kittens are being adopted incredibly quickly and may not stay on the website very long. Please, don’t let that deter you! We have more new arrivals coming in all the time, and Lucky Dog is committed to finding you a great fit for your family. We will be happy to help you find a match once we receive your adoption application.
THE ADOPTION PROCESS
Step 1
Complete a Do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g or Cat Adoption Questionnaire at the link below. If you are interested in applying for a specific animal on the website, please be sure to list their na
