北师大版（2019）选择性必修第四册：综合检测(二)（含答案）

北师大版（2019）选择性必修第四册： 综合检测(二)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Dear Parents，
Singapore is currently experiencing a historically high number of dengue(登革热) cases.The National Environment Agency (NEA) is strongly encouraging all residents staying in dengue cluster areas to：
Spray insecticides in dark corners at home (e.g.behind curtains and under beds)；
Apply insect repellent(驱虫剂) regularly；
Wear long sleeve tops and long pants.
Our school is located in or near a dengue cluster area with 208 cases by 28 July 2020.To protect your child from dengue，NEA will be providing a bottle of repellent to him/her，for your family's use.
In addition，RVPS will also be providing each RVian two complimentary pieces of mosquito patches.
You are strongly advised to consider applying insect repellent on your children before they leave home for school.Students are also encouraged to bring the insect repellent to school for re application，before they leave school for home.Our teachers will also be conducting a lesson on dengue prevention for all RVians this Friday.
Do remind your family members to apply insect repellent too.The guideline on the use of insect repellent spray is attached for your reference.
Thank you.
Warm regards，
1．What is the present situation of the school
A．It has been shut down.
B．It has over 208 dengue cases.
C．It is likely to have dengue cases.
D．It has conducted dengue prevention lessons.
2．What should residents do according to the National Environment Agency
A．Stay in dengue cluster areas.
B．Apply insect repellent regularly.
C．Wear short sleeve tops and long pants.
D．Spray insect repellent everywhere at home.
3．What's the purpose of the letter
A．To call on all the parents to stay at home.
B．To teach parents how to use insect repellent.
C．To remind children to bring insect repellent to school.
D．To advise parents to protect the children from dengue.
B
It's fall，and that means some trees are losing their leaves.Many people might see cleaning up all that yard waste as tiring.But Bryant Liu，13，looked at his leaf blanketed lawn and saw a potential source of energy.
Right now，most people fuel their cars with petrol made from fossil fuels (化石燃料)，which are not renewable.So scientists are making biofuels.For example，engineers can produce bioethanol—a type of alcohol fuel—from sugars in plants.Turning to dead leaves，however，presents a challenge for biofuel developers.Dead leaves have sugar，but they also have lots of lignin—a tough substance that strengthens the walls of plant cells.To get to the sugars inside，scientists first have to break down the lignin with chemicals.
Bryant wanted to see if he could get sugar for biofuels out of dead leaves by pretreating those leaves with acids or bases (碱)．The young researcher gathered up three garbage bags full of leaves from his yard.Then he went to his father's laboratory.He broke the dead leaves into pieces，and then carefully loaded equal numbers of them into test tubes.Afterwards，he added either an acid solution or a base solution at different concentrations to the test tubes.“That was really fun，” Bryant says.“It made me feel like a real scientist.” Finally，the teen found that pretreating leaves with either an acid or base encouraged sugar to get out from his yard's leaves.However，he explains，the process is still too expensive.
Bryant now wants to take the sugars from his finding to the next step—making ethanol.If he could create a better method for producing biofuels，he explains，people would need fewer fossil fuels and “have a renewable energy source for the future”．And，Bryant adds，if people use all those dead leaves for biofuels，he and other kids may have to do less cleaning each fall.
4．What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2
A．Reflect on Bryant's experiences.
B．Use examples to support the topic.
C．Add some background information.
D．Introduce a new topic for discussion.
5．What is the purpose of Bryant's experiment
A．To test the toughness of the lignin.
B．To find the differences between acids and bases.
C．To identify the functions of the elements of leaves.
D．To get sugar from dead leaves using acids and bases.
6．What is Bryant's next step
A．To produce biofuels by using the sugars from dead leaves.
B．To promote the use of biofuels worldwide.
C．To make his pretreating process less costly.
D．To encourage other kids to collect dead leaves.
7．Which of the following best describes Bryant
A．He is caring.
B．He is demanding.
C．He has a good sense of humor.
D．He has a spirit of exploration.
C
No one ever said science education was easy.Certainly the concepts we teach，like conservation of momentum (动量守恒) or quantum mechanics (量子力学)，can be hard to grasp.But what really makes our reaching complicated is that we're also trying to teach a deeper lesson at the same time — to help students understand the nature of science itself.
All too often，young people get the impression that science is about learning certain “laws” and then applying them to different situations.After all，that's what we make them do on tests，to show that they've been doing the work.But that's not it at all.Science is the process of building these concepts through the collection of experimental evidence.
And while I'm on it let's call these concepts what they really are — not laws，but models.Science is all about building and testing models.It's difficult to help students understand that aspect of science when we just give them the models to begin with.Sure，in physics we often include historical or mathematical evidence to support big ideas，but that often isn't enough.
Of course，we can't start from scratch.If students had to build their own models from the ground up，it would be like trying to learn programming by inventing computers.As Isaac Newton is supposed to have said，we stand on the shoulders of giants．We must take models built by others and go from there.
What I'd like to suggest is that this actually provides a great way into the adventure of science and an opportunity to meet our objectives as educators.If you can create a situation that challenges students' assumptions and produces conceptual conflict，that's a great opportunity for learning.
8．What is the misunderstanding of teaching science
A．It's complicated.
B．It focuses on the nature of science.
C．It's very difficult.
D．It lies in teaching and testing “laws”．
9．Which way to teach science is highly recommended by the author
A．Encouraging students to always start from scratch.
B．Providing students with some models to follow suit.
C．Guiding students to begin with models built by others.
D．Offering students proof to support important concepts.
10．The author cites Isaac Newton's words to ．
A．justify the experiment
B．praise the statement
C．show the achievement
D．support the argument
11．What is the best title of the passage
A．Science Teaching　　　 B．Concept Building
C．Science Learning D．Concept Conflicting
D
To have the once in a lifetime chance to see rare Black Sea dolphins，people in the landlocked Russian town of Kaluga don't have to leave their city.In the parking lot of a large shopping mall is a white aquarium：the Moscow Traveling Dolphinarium.
Russia's dozen or so traveling aquariums are seen as a way to bring native wild animals to people who might never see the ocean.Owners and operators of wildlife tourism attractions say their animals live longer than wild animals，and the animals under their care are with them for life.They're family.
Alla Azovtseva，a longtime dolphin trainer in Russia，shakes her head.
“I don't see any sense in this work.My conscience bites me.I look at my animals and want to cry，”says Azovtseva.She has spent 20 years training dolphins to do tricks.But along the way she's grown heartsick from the forcing highly intelligent，social creatures to live a lonely life in small tanks.“Dolphins have evolved to swim great distances and live in complex social groups conditions that can't be reproduced in a pool，”she says.
“I would compare the dolphin situation with making a physicist sweep the street，”she says.“When they're not engaged in the performance or training，they just hang in the water facing down.It's the deepest depression.”
What people don't know about aquarium shows in Russia，Azovtseva says，is that the animals often die soon after being put in captivity(圈养)，especially those in traveling shows.And Azovtseva，making clear she's referring to the industry at large in Russia，says she knows many aquariums quietly and illegally replace their animals with new ones.
It's illegal to catch Black Sea dolphins in the wild for entertainment purposes，but aquarium owners who want to increase their dolphin numbers quickly and cheaply buy dolphins caught there.Because these dolphins are acquired illegally，they're missing the microchips that captive dolphins in Russia are usually tagged with as a form of required identification.
Some aquariums get around that，Azovtseva says，by cutting out dead dolphins' microchips and putting them into replacement dolphins.
12．What can be inferred about the town of Kaluga
A．It is a seaside town.
B．It is a long way from the ocean.
C．It is full of traveling aquariums.
D．It is well known for dolphins.
13．What does Azovtseva really mean by shaking her head
A．Dolphins in aquariums are actually treated badly.
B．Her work as a dolphin trainer is really boring.
C．Dolphins are more intelligent than people think.
D．People know little about how dolphins live.
14．What is the use of the microchips
A．To show the dolphins are used legally.
B．To show the dolphins can be replaced.
C．To prove the dolphins are still alive.
D．To prove the dolphins are from the Black Sea.
15．What is the purpose of the text
A．To give an account of how an aquarium works.
B．To draw people's attention to dolphin society.
C．To uncover the dark truth behind aquarium shows.
D．To report the dolphin situation in the world.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
In 2010，a huge earthquake hit Haiti，causing the deaths of over a hundred thousand people and millions of dollars' worth of damage. 16 On this occasion，funds were raised with amazing speed—within a week of the quake，the American Red Cross had raised $22 million.The reason？People were donating via their mobile phones.
17 Gone are the days when people donated door by door.In today's world of computers，smartphones，tablets，and smartwatches，charities can now reach more people than ever before.
Social media in particular has had a great impact on charity. 18 This enables charities to raise money extremely quickly，as in Haiti.And the quicker aid can be delivered，the more lives can be saved.Individual fundraising has also benefited.Most people are now so well connected through sites like Facebook that asking people to contribute to your chosen cause is easier than ever.
New，innovative ways of donating are being thought up all the time.For example，if you want to support a good cause and keep fit at the same time，you can use an app called Charity Miles. 19 For every kilometer you cover，the app's sponsors will make a donation to a charity of your choice.There's also Snapdonate，which allows users to donate simply by taking a photo of a charity's logo with their smartphones.The app recognizes the logo and allows users to immediately make a donation through their phones.This cuts out the need for entering payment details on charity websites，and makes the process of donating small amounts to multiple charities much simpler.
Apps like these are growing in number，and that can only be a good thing. 20
A．People were eager to aid others in trouble.
B．The app can track the distance you run or cycle.
C．News of disasters spreads quickly around the world.
D．Charity helps to refresh the development of social Media.
E．Technological advances have changed how charities work.
F．The international community jumped into action to provide aid.
G．In future，we could support our chosen cause more easily and more often.
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Denver，Colorado is one of the fastest growing cities in America.It also has one of the biggest populations of 21 young people.A Denver coffee shop is seeking to solve the problem.The Purple Door Coffee Shop employs and 22 homeless young people，giving them a second 23 to make a new start.
For many years，Kevin Persons lived on the 24 ．Today，he is working in a bar，serving coffee.He is also working to move off the streets and into a home.
The owners of the two year old nonprofit 25 three to four young adults per year.Shelters such as Urban Peak，where Kevin was staying， 26 young people who are ready to commit to working.
Madison Chandler，co founder of Purple Door，and her partner meet with their workers 27 each week.They talk about topics 28 from mental health，finance to customer service.They also 29 a life coach to make sure the workers have the 30 and skills that will set them up for success.
Kevin 31 that he is learning what he needs to 32 the struggles of homelessness and live a full life.
For Madison Chandler，providing these young adults with 33 and education and helping them become confident and 34 is worthwhile.The most 35 part of her job is helping them achieve a life for themselves that they have dreamed of.
21．A.hopeless　　　　　　 B．homeless
C．powerless D．useless
22．A.controls B．treats
C．requires D．trains
23．A.change B．charity
C．chance D．compromise
24．A.roofs B．bridges
C．banks D．streets
25．A.hire B．fire
C．contact D．exchange
26．A.remind B．indicate
C．recommend D．suggest
27．A.accidentally B．proudly
C．particularly D．individually
28．A.including B．ranging
C．spreading D．extending
29．A.advertise B．teach
C．provide D．promote
30．A.support B．imagination
C．production D．supply
31．A.lies B．regrets
C．recognizes D．claims
32．A.keep B．leave
C．await D．recall
33．A.adjustment B．development
C．movement D．employment
34．A.humorous B．independent
C．determined D．stubborn
35．A.rewarding B．encouraging
C．astonishing D．amusing
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Lullabies (摇篮曲) bring mom and kids together.As the COVID 19 pandemic began changing life globally，physical distancing 36.________ (particular) changed the way we connect.At present，nearly 70 percent of health workers worldwide 37.________ (make) up of women.Apart from looking after the patients，they also face the challenge of how best to care for their own families.Among them is Elizabeth Streeter，38.________ works as a nurse on the COVID 19 floor of her hospital in Massachusetts.
She made a difficult decision 39.________ (stay) away from her three boys in early April last year，to avoid exposing them 40.________ the virus.During the evenings，Elizabeth connected with her kids by phone and sang their favorite lullabies while fighting through tears.For the young mother，ensuring her children's 41.________ (safe) meant being physically present.However，so far，living away from her children 42.________ (become) her way of keeping them safe.“It looks entirely different than 43.________ I always thought protection looked like.” She said，“Anyway，lullabies work very well.”
These songs remind us that we are not alone in this seemingly 44.________ (end) fight against the disease，and in the dark of night，they seem to hold a promise on the other side 45.________ (await) the light of morning.
Ⅴ.应用文写作(满分15分)
你校响应国家号召，开展了“厉行节约，反对浪费”的活动。崇尚节俭在校园内已蔚然成风。请你就此活动的背景、内容和影响，为校英文报写一篇报道。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．题目已为你写好。
参考词汇： practice strict economy and combat waste厉行节约，反对浪费
New Fashion in Our School
Ⅵ.读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was my first university day of new term，which I had been looking forward to in the summer vacation.Mother decided Dad should accompany me though I thought I could manage it myself.Everything here appeared a little fresh to me；yet I still had a butterfly in my stomach.The letter of admission said my dormitory was Room 512 on the fifth floor.
I climbed the stairs slowly，carrying a big suitcase，my father following with two bigger more.By the time I set foot onto the fifth floor，I got entirely burnt out and at the same time had a feeling of loneliness.Worse still，Dad missed a step and fell on his back，sending my new suitcases rolling down the stairs.“Damn it! (见鬼！)” he screamed，his face turning red.I knew storm was on the way.Whenever Dad's face turns red，look out.
How could I ever get him to finish unloading the car without screaming at me and making a scene in front of the other girls，whom I would have to spend the rest of the year with？At that point，doors along the narrow passage were opening and strange faces peering out (探出) with curiosity，as Dad walked with difficulty close behind.I felt it in my bones that my college life was getting off to a bad start.
“Wish to find the room quickly！” I prayed as I walked with my head bent.“Get him into a chair and calmed down.” But then again，would there be a chair in my dormitory？Or would it be a purely empty room？I didn't know what was in store for me.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Finally I arrived at Room 512.
And there on a well made bed sat a girl，my new roommate.
综合检测(二)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
1-3．C　B　D　
B
4-7．C　D　A D　
C
8-11．DCDA　
D
12-15．B　A　A　C
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
16．F　17．E　18．C　19．B　20．G
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
21-25 BDCDA
26-30CDBCA
31-35 CBDBA　
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
36．Particularly 37．are made　38．who　39．to stay　40．to41．safety　42．has become　43．what44．endless45．awaiting　
Ⅴ.应用文写作(满分15分)
【参考范文】
New Fashion in Our School
With the national call to practice strict economy and combat waste，it has become a fashion to put an end to waste in our school.
We were required to start with small actions，such as turning off the tap immediately after using water and writing on both sides of the paper if we could.We also went to public places to promote the idea that saving today is saving the generation tomorrow.
From the activity，we have greatly raised our awareness of saving.
Ⅵ.读后续写(满分25分)
【参考范文】
Finally I arrived at Room 512.I turned the key into the lock and pushed the door a little open，with Dad still complaining about a hurting knee or something.I put my head in，expecting the worst.But much to my surprise，the room wasn't empty at all! It was furnished with two sets of desks and chairs，bookshelves，curtains，a TV，and several pleasant paintings on the walls.
And there on a well made bed sat a girl，my new roommate.She was dressed simply but neatly.Greeting me with a nod，she said in a soft voice，“Hi，I'm Amy，you must be Cori.” Then，she turned down the music and looked over at Dad，“And of course，you're Mr.Faber，” she said smiling.“Would you like a glass of iced tea？” Dad's face turned decidedly less red before he could bring out a “yes”．I knew then that Amy and I would be friends and my first year of college would be a success.