2022届高考英语二轮专项复习：阅读理解词义猜测易错题及应对策略 讲义（通用版）（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语二轮专项复习：阅读理解词义猜测易错题及应对策略 讲义（通用版）（含答案） |  | |
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2022高考英语专项复习：阅读理解词义猜测易错题及应对策略（通用版）
第一部分 易错题解题范例
答题第一步：浏览题干及选项，标注定位词。（见题干及选项标线处）
答题第二步：带着问题通读全文，标注4类词：时间、地点、概念等名词（用红色底纹表示），极端词和程度词（用蓝色底纹表示），态度词和语气词（用粉色底纹表示），逻辑词和关系词（用绿色底纹表示）。
Today,an increasing number of people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down.These people are called the “Heads-down Tribe（低头族）”。Are you a heads-down tribe member Heads-down tribe members now can be seen everywhere.
More and more traffic accidents are happening because more drivers use mobile phones when they are driving.In order to make drivers pay more attention to driving, some new traffic rules have been made. For example,people who use mobile phones while driving in Taiwan are fined(罚款）。Car drivers and motorcyclists who break the traffic rule will be fined NT$3,000 and NT$1,000 respectively(分别地）。
As we can see above,using mobile phones may cause accidents and even cost a lot of money.Also,more and more interesting and strange facts happen to the “Heads-down Tribe".Let's have a look at an interesting TV report. A man in America kept using his mobile phone on his way home.As a result,he knocked into a big lost bear.When he lifted his eyes from the phone,he was so afraid that he turned around and ran away quickly.Another fact is that we can often see people in the restaurant eating face to face but looking at their own mobile phones. It's strange that they don't talk to the ones who sit opposite to them during the meal. Some of them even have fun communicating with others on the phone.
Mobile phones are helpful and necessary tools for modern life. Are mobile phones good or bad It depends on how people use them. Let's be “healthy”users and try to be the “Heads-up Tribe”。
如今，一个总是低头看手机的群体出现了，人数呈现上升趋势。这些人被称作“低头族”。
你是一名低头族吗？低头族如今到处可见。
由于越来越多的驾驶员开车使用手机，交通事故的发生越来越频繁。为了使驾驶员更加专心地驾驶汽车，各地制定了一些新的交通法规。例如，在台湾，人们在驾驶过程中使用手机会被罚款。那些违反交通法规的汽车驾驶员和摩托车驾驶员将分别被罚款新台币3000元和1000元。
从上面可以看出，使用手机可能会造成交通事故，甚至会付出一大笔钱。同样地，越来越多的有趣、新奇的事情发生在“低头族”身上。让我们来看一则有趣的电视报道。一名美国人在回家的路上不停地使用着手机。结果他撞上了一只迷路的熊。当他把目光从手机上面移开抬起头（看到熊）时，他吓得赶紧转身，飞速跑走了。另一个情况就是，我们常常看到人们在餐厅里面对面坐着吃饭，但每个人的目光却都落在自己的手机上。像他们这样在吃饭时不与面对面坐着的人讲话的现象非常奇怪。其中一些人甚至充满兴趣地与手机上其他人交流着。
手机在现代人的生活中是很有帮助且不可或缺的工具。手机究竟是好是坏？这就要取决于人们该怎么使用它们了。让我们做“健康的”手机使用者，努力成为“抬头族”。
答题第三步：根据题干或选项定位词找回原文，将选项与原文进行对比、归纳，确定答案。
答题第四步：核对答案，反思错题。
61.A heads-down tribe member .定位到第一段第二句
A.is good at using the Internet
B.is a dangerous driver
C. is always looking at his or her mobile phone
错因分析：易错选B.第二段大篇幅描写开车时使用手机导致越来越多的车祸发生，因此误认为B项是正确答案。其实仔细看第二段就会明白，车祸的发生与驾驶员开车时看手机有关。若把B项代入题干则成了“低头族是危险的驾驶员”，而“低头族”概念在第一段已经给出，是“总是低头看手机的一个群体”，故B项与原文不符。
正确解答：C 细节理解题。由第一段前两句可知，“低头族”是总是看手机的一群人，故选C.
62.The underlined word “motorcyclists" in the passage means_ in Chinese.定位到第二段最后一句
A.摩托车手
B.手机使用者
C.低头族
错因分析：易错选B.文章讲的是总是低头看手机的人，易忽视语境、盲目猜测此处表示“手机使用者”。
正确解答：A
词义猜测题。由第二段后半部分“...people who use mo- bile phones while driving in Taiwan are fined. Car drivers and motorcyclists who break the traffic rule will be fined NT$3,000 and NTS1,000 respectively.”可知，前一句是说在台湾开车时使用手机的驾驶员会被罚款，下一句又讲了两种违反交通法规的人将被罚，其中and为并列连词，其前后的词应是并列的。既然car drivers意为“汽车驾驶员”，那么motorcyclists也应为“······驾驶员”。结合选项可知，motorcyclists意为“摩托车手”。
63.The American was when he knocked into the bear.定位到第三段中间部分
A.driving a car
B.going to work
C.using his mobile
正确解答：C 细节理解题。由第三段中间两句“A man in America kept using his mobile phone on his way home. As a result, he knocked into a big lost bear.”可知，当他撞到熊时，他一直目不转睛地使用手机，故选C.
64. According to the passage,the “Heads-down Tribe” when they eat in a restaurant.定位到第三段倒数第二、三句
A. look at their own mobile phones
B.don't talk to the people who sit opposite
C.both A and B
错因分析：易错选A.忽视C项的意思，看到A项正确就草率地选出答案。
正确解答：C 细节理解题。由第三段倒数第二、三句“Another fact..but looking at their own mobile phones. It's strange that they don't talk to the ones who sit opposite to them during the meal.”可知，A项和B项都是低头族在餐厅时的表现，故选C.
65. What's the best title for the passage
A.Drive your car carefully
B.Use mobile phones properly
C.Be a heads-down tribe member
错因分析：易错选C.文章开头就提到heads-down tribe了，误认为这就是文章的主题，忽视最后一段的意思。
正确解答：B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要描述了“低头族”现象，并举例说明了这一现象引发的问题，最后呼吁读者做“抬头族”，做“健康的”手机使用者。由此可知，B项能概括本文主旨，适合做标题。
答题第五步：整理词汇和长难句，并将需要积累的内容整理在学霸笔记本上。
长难句分析：Another fact is that we can often see people in the restaurant eating face to
主语 谓语that引导表语从句
face but looking at their own mobile phones.
现在分词短语作宾语补足语
另一个情况就是，我们常常看到人们在餐厅里面对面坐着吃饭，但每个人的目光却都落在自己的手机上。
句法分析：句中that引导表语从句；see sb.do/doing sth.意为“看见某人做／正做某事”。see sb.do sth.强调看见动作的全过程，see sb.doing sth.强调看见动作正在进行。
第二部分 阅读理解词义猜测易错题解题应对策略
1.利用代入法来猜测词义
将备选答案逐一代入文中，看哪个选项能使句意通顺、连贯，且与上下文内容一致，注意被猜词和正确选项的感彩要契合。
示例：Turn off your computer. The computer will distract you from your job at hand-listening.
44.The underlined word “distract” in the 6th paragraph means “ ”
A.使担忧 B.使放松 C.使分心 D.使冷静
分析：从感彩契合方面考虑，由原文“Turn off your computer.”可排除B、D项。把A、C项的意思分别代入原文中，“计算机会让你在工作中分心”更通顺、连贯，故选C.
2.根据生活常识来猜测词义
示例：Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history. At that time only children from noble families could go to school,but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime.
48.The underlined word “noble” in Paragraph 3 has the closest meaning to .
A.poor B.bright C.wealthy D.cute
分析：画线的单词是 noble,根据常识可知，当时只有富裕家庭的孩子可以去上学，但孔子相信每一个人都应该去上学，由此可知noble和wealthy意义最接近，故选C.
3.据转折、因果等逻辑关系来猜测词义
示例：Scientists used to believe that people tamed cats to catch mice and protect the grain. However,cats don't like to be told what to do!
54.What does the underlined word “tamed"mean in Chinese
A.驱散 B.捕捉 C.驯化 D.引进
分析：根据下句“However, cats don't like to be told what to do!”中表示转折的However 可知，前后两句意思相反，故 tamed与 be told what to do意思相同，故选C.
4.根据上下文语境来猜测词义
示例：Is it possible to be born shy Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic.
51.What does the underlined word “genetic" in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Passed down from parents.
B.Learned from friends.
C.Taught by teachers.
D.Made up by brothers.
分析：由画线单词上一句中的“。these shy babies usually have shy parents.”可知，这些害羞的婴儿的父母通常也很害羞，所以，画线的单词指“父母身上继承而来的”，故选A.
5.通过句法功能来猜测词义
示例：Vanuatu is an island nation in the South Pacific. It is one of the smallest countries in the world. But for those who are interested in adventure and sport, there is a lot to do. Vanuatu's islands offer visitors two of the most exciting and dangerous activities in the world: volcano( 火山） surfing and land diving.
61. In Line 2, what does the word “those”mean
A.People. B.Animals. C.Activities. D.Islands.
分析：定语从句 who are interested in adventure and sport 修饰先行词 those.关系代词who指人，其先行词those也应指人，故选A.
6.利用构词法猜测词义
英语中有大量的单词是通过合成或加前缀、后缀形成的，因此运用构词法来判断生词的意义是一种快速、有效解决词汇障碍的方法。前缀往往是改变词义的，如：dislike,unhappy,inexpensive,impossible等表示否定意义；后缀往往是改变词性的，如：politely,invention,teacher等。
7.利用同义词或反义词猜测词义
有时作者为了使自己的意思表达得更清楚明白，通常用一个或多个同义词、近义词、反义词或英文解释来说明文中一个比较难的词或关键词。通过我们熟悉的单词或解释，用已知的知识就不难推断出生词的词义。
·第三部分 题型专练
（一）
One day, a man saw an old lady sitting inside her car at the side of the road. Though it was dark, he could see she needed help. So he stopped his car and walked towards her. The old lady was worried, even though she noticed the smile on his face. Was he going to hurt her ＂I’ll help you start your car, madam. By the way, my name is Bryan Anderson, ＂ he said.
While Anderson was fitting a spare tired(备胎) to her car, the lady began to talk to him. She thanked him much for coming to help.
Anderson just smiled as he put his tools away. The lady asked how much she should pay him. He told her that if she really wanted to pay him back, the next time she saw someone who needed help, she could give them the help they needed. He waited until she started her car and drove off.
A few miles down the road, the lady saw a small restaurant. She went in and a waitress came over with a sweet smile. The old lady noticed the waitress was nearly eight months pregnant(怀孕的), but she never let the pains and aches change her smile when she served her.
The lady finished her meal and paid with a hundred-dollar bill. The waitress quickly went to get change, but the old lady was gone when the waitress came back. The waitress wondered where the lady could be. Then she found there was a note on the napkin(餐巾), ＂You don’t need to give me anything back. Somebody once helped me out the way I’m helping you. If you really want to pay me back, here is what you do—do not let this chain(链子) of love end with you.＂
Under the napkin were four more $100 bills.
31. Why did Anderson tell his name to the old lady
A. Because he wanted to check if the lady knew him.
B. Because he hoped that may help relax the lady.
C. Because he thought he could be paid back one day.
D. Because he wanted to leave his name for doing good things.
32. What does the underlined word they refer to(指的是)
A. The old lady and Anderson.
B. The people who need help.
C. The old lady and the waitress.
D. The people who help others.
33. Which is the right order of the old lady’s feelings
①Thankful ②Happy ③Worried ④Helpless ⑤Willing and ready to help
A. ④③①⑤② B. ④①③②⑤
C. ③②①⑤④ D. ③①④⑤②
34. What can be inferred(推断) from the passage
A. The meal cost the old lady 400 dollars.
B. Anderson must be helped by someone before.
C. The old lady was able to fit a spare tire herself.
D. The waitress will probably help someone later.
35. What’s the best title for the passage
A. The Help of Strangers B. The Power of Smile
C. The China of Love D. The Bill of Kindness
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了爱的传递的两个小故事，一个男人看见一个女士陷入了难题，便停车为她解决了这个问题，他对女士说：如果想报答我，就去帮助别人吧。女士在经过一家餐厅时，看见怀孕的女服务员很辛苦，就偷偷地给了这位服务员一些钱。
31. B【解析】推理判断题。根据文中的信息The old lady was worried, even though she noticed the smile on his face. Was he going to hurt her 这位老妇人担心Anderson会伤害她，可推知她可能很紧张，所以Anderson告诉她自己的名字，为的是使这位老妇人放轻松，故答案选B。
32. B【解析】词义猜测题。根据上文the next time she saw someone who needed help,下次她看到有人需要帮助时，结合本句she could give them the help they needed.她可以给予他们需要的帮助；由此可知they是指上文提到的那些需要帮助的人，故答案选B。
33. A【解析】理解排序题。通读全文可知，首先是老妇人的车坏在了路上，她感到很无助（Helpless）；Anderson路过想帮助她，但她担心（Worried）Anderson会伤害她；Anderson告诉她自己的名字，并帮助了她，老妇人想给他钱感谢（Thankful）他；老妇人在一个餐馆里帮助了一个孕妇，（说明她乐于助人Willing and ready to help）；最后从老妇人给孕妇留的字条上可以看出，老妇人感到很幸福（Happy），因为她让爱的链条得到了延续。结合选项可知A选项符合题意，故答案选A。
34. D【解析】理解判断题。通读全文可知，Anderson帮助一个年纪大的女士，并告诉他自己不需要感谢，只希望她把帮助别人这个好习惯传递下去，然后这位年纪大的女士又帮助了一位孕妇服务员，同样她希望这位孕妇服务员也把帮助别人这个好习惯传递下去；由此可推知，这位孕妇服务员以后可能会帮助别人，故答案选D。
35. A【解析】标题归纳题。根据文中的信息Somebody once helped me out the way I’m helping you. If you really want to pay me back, here is what you do—do not let this chain(链子) of love end with you. 有人也这样帮助了我，你也可以这样做，不要让这条爱之链随着你而结束。所以应该是帮助他人，传递爱心。结合选项A. The Help of Strangers陌生人的帮助；B. The Power of Smile微笑的力量；C. The China of Love爱的中国；D. The Bill of Kindness仁慈的比尔；可知A选项符合题意，故答案选A。
（二）
Tina graduated from college. Several days later, she got a new job. She would work in the biggest company（公司）in her city. Her friends admired her very much.
On her first workday, Tina arrived at 8：45 a. m. She took the lift to the 1lth floor（楼层），and a clerk showed her where her desk was. As a green hand, she didn’t know what to do, so she tried to talk to the girls who sat near her in the office. However, they were not friendly to her. After a while, a young boss came in. Tina was surprised that the boss was not the old man who interviewed her several days ago. The boss gave her a lot of reports to write. But when she began to write, she found that she had much trouble understanding the reports. She spent almost the whole day trying to do the work. At 5：30 pm. , it was time to go home. Although most of the reports weren’t finished, she got into the lift. On the 10th floor, she was greeted by John, the old man who interviewed her several days ago. "Tina！"he said, ＂Why didn’t you work with us today ＂All of a sudden，Tina realized she mistook the 11th floor for the 10th floor. "Oh, my God！"she answered，"_________" After hearing this, John couldn’t help laughing.
50. The underlined（划线的）words ＂a green hand" most probably mean __________.
A. a person without experience
B. a person caring about the environment
C. a person doing well in growing vegetables
51. Tina was surprised because__________
A. she was not allowed to leave the company
B. the young boss wasn’t the man who interviewed her
C. the bosses in the two companies refused her in the interviews
52. Tina spent__________ trying to finish the reports.
A. almost the whole day
B. almost the whole morning
C. almost the whole afternoon
53. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. Tina moved to another city for a new job.
B. The girls sitting near Tina were unfriendly to her.
C. Tina arrived at the company at 5:30 a. m. on her first workday.
54. "___________" can be the missing sentence in the passage.
A. I forgot the interview date!
B. I have finished all the reports!
C. I have been in the wrong office all day!
【文章大意】蒂娜大学毕业后找到了一份新工作。上班的第一天，蒂娜在上午8：45到达办公室，办公室的其他人对她并不友好，蒂娜感到惊讶的是年轻的老板并不是几天前面试她的那位老人。工作了一天之后，蒂娜才发现自己走错了办公室。
50. A【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段开头的句子On her first workday，以及第二段第二行划线短语之后的句子she didn’t know what to do，so she tried to talk to the girls who sat near her in the office.可知，这是蒂娜大学毕业后第一次上班，不知道该怎么办，表明她是一个没有经验的人。故答案为A。
51. B【解析】细节理解题。根据短文中第二段第四行 Tina was surprise that the boss was not the old man who interviewed her several days ago. Tina 可知，让蒂娜感到惊讶的是年轻的老板并不是几天前面试她的那位老人。故答案为B。
52. A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文中第二段第六行she found that she had much trouble understanding the reports. She spent almost the whole day trying to do the work.可知，Tina花费一整天的时间做这项工作。故答案为A。
53. B【解析】判断正误题。根据第一段中的句子She would work in the biggest company in her city.可知，蒂娜在自己所住的城市找到了一份工作，A选项错误；短文中第二段第三行they were not friendly to her. 从这句话得知们对她并不友好，B选项正确；根据第二段开头的句子On her first workday，Tina arrived at 8：45 a. m.可知，在她的第一个工作日，蒂娜在上午8：45到达。C选项错误。故答案选B。
54. C【解析】细节推理题。根据前面的句子＂All of a sudden, Tina realized she mistook the 1lth floor for the 10th floor.＂可知，Tina走错了楼层，导致进错了办公室。故答案为C。
（三）
I am a selfish child.
I hope the sunshine lies only upon me, so I can feel its warmth.
I am a selfish child.
I hope there is a corner of the world that can comfort me when I am sad,
I am a selfish child.
I hope my mom belongs only to me, so I can enjoy the sweetness of love. "
This poem was written by a middle school student in a lonely mountainous town in Yunnan Province during her first poetry class. The girl missed her mother, who died when she was 5.
Kang Yu, the teacher who taught the girl how to write the poem, graduated from Renmin University of China in Beijing in 2015. Soon after her gradation, Kang moved to a town in Yunnan, and worked as a teacher at a middle school there.
Kang said, "Compared with students in the city, perhaps students in the countryside need a way to express their feelings and be heard more." Supported by the headmaster and other teachers,
the school held eight poetry classes for students every year.
As the classes grew in popularity, Kang became the school’s favourite teacher. After she finished her teaching at the school in June 2017, she returned to Beijing and planned to study abroad.
However, on Teachers’ Day in 2017, Kang received a big box full of poems and letters written by students at her old school. She felt she was needed and decided to abandon her plan of studying abroad. Instead, she set up Enlighten our Future, a charity that reaches students in the countryside how to write poems.
"Now, I go to several places every week. I sleep less than six hours a night and the job provides no vacations and little money, but the happiness and satisfaction I feel is rewarding enough." Kang said.
55. What’s the poem about at the beginning of the passage
A. A world which is full or love. B. A mother who misses her child.
C. A child who is in need of mother’s love. D. A child who can feel the sun’s warmth
56. What’s the meaning of the underlined word "abandon"
A. work out B. carry out C. give up D. make up
57. Which of the following information is TRUE according to the passage
A. Kang ever worked at a school named Enlighten our Future.
B. The school held eight poetry classes for students every term.
C. Kang said she was doing a well-paid job and had some vacations.
D. Before Kang set up the charity, she taught in Yunnan for about two years.
【文章大意】康玉毕业于中国人民大学，毕业后不久，她去了云南的一个小镇，在那里的一所中学当老师。她觉得与城市的孩子相比，农村的孩子更需要用一种方式来表达他们的情感，让更多的人都听到他们的心声。于是她在这所学校里每年给孩子们举行八节诗歌课。她甚至为了这些学生放弃了出国的机会，并且建立了一个叫＂点亮未来＂的公益组织，教农村的孩子们写诗。
55. C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文开头的这首诗歌的内容以及第二段This poem was written by a middle school student in a lonely mountainous town in Yunnan Province during her first poetry class. The girl missed her mother, who died when she was 5.可知，这首诗表达了女孩对妈妈的思念以及渴望得到妈妈的爱。由此可知应选C。
56. C【解析】词义猜测题。work out计算出，锻炼；carry out实施；give up放弃；make up编造，弥补。根据短文第五段After she finished her teaching at the school in June 2017, she returned to Beijing and planned to study abroad.可知，康玉准备出国；再根据划线单词所在的句子She felt she was needed and decided to abandon her plan of studying abroad.＂她感觉她是被需要的＂以及最后一段Now, I go to several places every week.可知，康玉最后没有出国，而是建立了一个组织，教农村的孩子们写诗。由此可猜测abandon的意思应该是＂放弃＂，故应选C。
57. D【解析】推理判断题。根据短文第三段Kang Yu, the teacher who taught the girl how to write the poem, graduated from Renmin University of China in Beijing in 2015. Soon after her gradation, Kang moved to a town in Yunnan, and worked as a teacher at a middle school there.可知，康玉是在2015年大学毕业后不久来到了云南。再根据短文第五段After she finished her teaching at the school in June 2017, she returned to Beijing可知，康玉在2017年回到了北京。由此可知她在云南待了大约两年的时间，故应选D。根据she set up Enlighten our Future, a charity that reaches students in the countryside how to write poems.可知A不对；根据第四段the school held eight poetry classes for students every year.可知B不对；根据最后一段I sleep less than six hours a night and the job provides no vacations and little money可知C不对。
（四）
When he was a teenager, Hunter Adams was very unhappy, and he spent many years in the 1960s and 1970s in a special hospital for people with mental(精神的) health problems.
When he left hospital, Adams decided to become a doctor, so he went to Medical School in Virginia, USA. But when he was there he did things in a different way. For example, he didn’t like the doctor’s white coats. He preferred to wear shirts with flowers on them when he visited his patients, and he tried to make them laugh. The doctors at the medical school didn’t like Adams very much because he was too different.
But Adams believed that people in hospital need more than medicine. He saw unhappy and lonely people, and he tried to help them as patients, but as people too. He spent a lot of time with children in the hospital, and often put a special red nose on his face to look like a clown and to make the children laugh.
When he finished medical school and became a doctor, Adams opened his own hospital, called ＂the Gesundheit Institute＂, together with some other doctors. They wanted it to be a place in a different way of working with sick people.
Hunter Adams became famous during the 1980s, and in 1998, Universal Pictures made a film about his life. It was very successful. In the film(called Patch Adams), Robin Williams played Adams. Williams said, ＂Hunter is a really warm person, who believes that patients need a doctor who’s friend. I enjoyed playing him.＂
23. What probably made Hunter decide to be a doctor
A. His interest in medicine. B. His idea to open a hospital.
C. His early experience as a teenager. D. His love for the lonely children around.
24. How was Hunter different from other doctors
A. He was famous before working in hospital.
B. He liked to wear shirts with flowers in them every day.
C. He treated his patients as friends in every way possible.
D. He was good at dealing with people who were mentally ill.
25. What does the underlined word ＂clown＂ in paragraph 3 probable mean
A. 木偶 B. 小丑 C. 外星人 D. 蜘蛛侠
26. What can we know from Robin Williams words
A. He thought highly of Hunter.
B. Every doctor needs a patient friend.
C. He became a warm person ever after.
D. A good actor makes a successful film.
【文章大意】文章介绍了亚当斯在少年时在医院和有精神疾病的人度过了许多年，后来他决定上医学院当医生，但是他做了许多与众不同的事情，他不喜欢穿白大褂，他看望病人时，喜欢穿上面有花的衬衫，在医院和孩子们在一起时，他喜欢在脸上放一个红鼻子，引孩子们发笑，医学院毕业后，他开了自己的医院。后来他的事情被拍成了电影，而且非常成功。
23. C【解析】细节理解题。根据When he was a teenager, Hunter Adams was very unhappy, and he spent many years in the 1960s and 1970s hospital for people with mental(精神的) health problems. When he left hospital, Adams decided to become a doctor可知是他早期的在医院的经历让他决定成为一名医生；故选C。
24. C【解析】细节理解题。根据But Adams believed that people in hospital need more than medicine. He saw unhappy and lonely people ,and he tried to help them as patients, but as people too.和Hunter is a really warm person, who believes that patients need a doctor who’s friend.可知他把病人看做是朋友来对待；故选C。
25. B【解析】词义猜测题。根据often put a special red nose on his face和make the children laugh可知他经常脸上放一个红鼻子，逗孩子们笑，由此可猜测是扮演小丑；故选B。
26. A【解析】细节理解题。根据Hunter is a really warm person ,who believes that patients need a doctor who’s friend .I enjoyed playing him.可知，他喜欢扮演他，推测是他高度评价了亚当斯；故选A。
【点睛】
短文阅读，做题时要结合文章的特点，题目涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断，做题时要在了解文章大意的基础上，结合题目针对不同的题型采用不同的解答方式，比如细节理解题，我们要抓住里面的最有效的信息选择出正确的答案。例如：小题1 细节理解题。根据When he was a teenager, Hunter Adams was very unhappy, and he spent many years in the 1960s and 1970s hospital for people with mental(精神的) health problems. When he left hospital ,Adams decided to become a doctor可知是他早期的在医院的经历让他决定成为一名医生；故选C。
（五）
By Anna Matteo
28 January, 2019
A 3-year-old boy who was lost in the woods for two days is now safe at home with his family. But Casey Hathaway told his rescuers(救援者) that he was not alone in the rainy, freezing cold woods. He said he was with a friend - a bear.
The child went missing on January 22 while playing with friends near his grandmother’s house in North Carolina. When the other children returned but Casey did not, the family searched the area for almost an hour before calling the police.
Police formed a search team to look for the young boy in the nearby woods. But two days went by and - no Casey.
Then on January 24, someone called the police saying he heard a child crying in the woods. Police followed up on the information and found Casey at about 9: 30 that night. He was in good health.
Casey told the rescuers he had hung out with a black bear for two days, a bear he called his "friend".
The police officer Chip Hughes spoke with reporters from several news agencies. He said Casey did not say how he could survive in the woods for two days in the cold, rainy weather. "However," the police officer said, "he did say he had a friend in the woods that was a bear with him."
Hundreds of people helped in the search and rescue efforts, including some 600 volunteers, police and members of the army. Doctors at the medical center gave Casey some examination. He was then sent to his family on January 25.
His mother talked with reporters and thanked everyone who joined the search for her son. "We just want to tell everybody that we’re very thankful that you took the time out to search for Casey," said his mother. "He is up and talking. He’s already asked to watch cartoons. "
15. Who stayed with Casey in the woods during the two days
A. A bear. B. The police. C. His mother. D. The volunteers.
16. The underlined word "survive" in Paragraph 6 probably means "_____________".
A. give up B. get lost C. fall asleep D. remain alive
17. What is the correct order in which these happen
a. Someone heard a child crying. b. The family started to look for Casey.
c. Casey played with his friends. d. The police found Casey was in good health.
A. b-c-a-d B. b-c-d-a C. c-b-a-d D. c-b-d-a
18. After Casey was sent back home, he was _____________.
A. scared B. nervous C. relaxed D. surprised
【文章大意】这是一篇新闻，报道了一个3岁的小孩在树林里迷路了，2天后被找到，他告诉救援者，他不是独自一人在树林里，他和他的一个朋友——一只熊在一起，他的妈妈对记者说，她感谢每个参与搜救她儿子的人，他现在已经没事了，要看动画片了。
15. A【解析】细节理解题。根据But Casey Hathaway told his rescuers (救援者) that he was not alone in the rainy, freezing cold woods. He said he was with a friend - a bear.可知是一只熊和他呆在一起；故选A。
16. D【解析】词义猜测题。根据He said Casey did not say how he could survive in the woods for two days in the cold, rainy weather. "However," the police officer said, "he did say he had a friend in the woods that was a bear with him."他没说这两天他是怎么生存的，他说他有一个朋友，是一只熊，可知是生存的意思；故选D。
17. C【解析】顺序排列题。根据The child went missing on January 22 while playing with friends near his grandmother’s house in North Carolina.和朋友玩，the family searched the area for almost an hour before calling the police.家人找他，someone called the police saying he heard a child crying in the woods.有人听到小孩哭，Police followed up on the information and found Casey at about 9: 30 that night. He was in good health.警察发现他健康状况良好；故选C。
18. C【解析】细节理解题。根据But Casey Hathaway told his rescuers (救援者) that he was not alone in the rainy, freezing cold woods. He said he was with a friend - a bear.和He is up and talking. He’s already asked to watch cartoons.可知他很放松；故选C。
【点睛】
本篇是新闻报道类短文阅读，做题时要结合新闻报道的特点，题目涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断，做题时要在了解文章大意的基础上，结合题目针对不同的题型采用不同的解答方式，比如细节理解题，我们要抓住里面的最有效的信息选择出正确的答案，总之理解透文章是做好一篇阅读理解的关键。例如：细节理解题。根据But Casey Hathaway told his rescuers (救援者) that he was not alone in the rainy, freezing cold woods. He said he was with a friend - a bear.可知是一只熊和他呆在一起；故选A。
第一部分 易错题解题范例
答题第一步：浏览题干及选项，标注定位词。（见题干及选项标线处）
答题第二步：带着问题通读全文，标注4类词：时间、地点、概念等名词（用红色底纹表示），极端词和程度词（用蓝色底纹表示），态度词和语气词（用粉色底纹表示），逻辑词和关系词（用绿色底纹表示）。
Today,an increasing number of people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down.These people are called the “Heads-down Tribe（低头族）”。Are you a heads-down tribe member Heads-down tribe members now can be seen everywhere.
More and more traffic accidents are happening because more drivers use mobile phones when they are driving.In order to make drivers pay more attention to driving, some new traffic rules have been made. For example,people who use mobile phones while driving in Taiwan are fined(罚款）。Car drivers and motorcyclists who break the traffic rule will be fined NT$3,000 and NT$1,000 respectively(分别地）。
As we can see above,using mobile phones may cause accidents and even cost a lot of money.Also,more and more interesting and strange facts happen to the “Heads-down Tribe".Let's have a look at an interesting TV report. A man in America kept using his mobile phone on his way home.As a result,he knocked into a big lost bear.When he lifted his eyes from the phone,he was so afraid that he turned around and ran away quickly.Another fact is that we can often see people in the restaurant eating face to face but looking at their own mobile phones. It's strange that they don't talk to the ones who sit opposite to them during the meal. Some of them even have fun communicating with others on the phone.
Mobile phones are helpful and necessary tools for modern life. Are mobile phones good or bad It depends on how people use them. Let's be “healthy”users and try to be the “Heads-up Tribe”。
如今，一个总是低头看手机的群体出现了，人数呈现上升趋势。这些人被称作“低头族”。
你是一名低头族吗？低头族如今到处可见。
由于越来越多的驾驶员开车使用手机，交通事故的发生越来越频繁。为了使驾驶员更加专心地驾驶汽车，各地制定了一些新的交通法规。例如，在台湾，人们在驾驶过程中使用手机会被罚款。那些违反交通法规的汽车驾驶员和摩托车驾驶员将分别被罚款新台币3000元和1000元。
从上面可以看出，使用手机可能会造成交通事故，甚至会付出一大笔钱。同样地，越来越多的有趣、新奇的事情发生在“低头族”身上。让我们来看一则有趣的电视报道。一名美国人在回家的路上不停地使用着手机。结果他撞上了一只迷路的熊。当他把目光从手机上面移开抬起头（看到熊）时，他吓得赶紧转身，飞速跑走了。另一个情况就是，我们常常看到人们在餐厅里面对面坐着吃饭，但每个人的目光却都落在自己的手机上。像他们这样在吃饭时不与面对面坐着的人讲话的现象非常奇怪。其中一些人甚至充满兴趣地与手机上其他人交流着。
手机在现代人的生活中是很有帮助且不可或缺的工具。手机究竟是好是坏？这就要取决于人们该怎么使用它们了。让我们做“健康的”手机使用者，努力成为“抬头族”。
答题第三步：根据题干或选项定位词找回原文，将选项与原文进行对比、归纳，确定答案。
答题第四步：核对答案，反思错题。
61.A heads-down tribe member .定位到第一段第二句
A.is good at using the Internet
B.is a dangerous driver
C. is always looking at his or her mobile phone
错因分析：易错选B.第二段大篇幅描写开车时使用手机导致越来越多的车祸发生，因此误认为B项是正确答案。其实仔细看第二段就会明白，车祸的发生与驾驶员开车时看手机有关。若把B项代入题干则成了“低头族是危险的驾驶员”，而“低头族”概念在第一段已经给出，是“总是低头看手机的一个群体”，故B项与原文不符。
正确解答：C 细节理解题。由第一段前两句可知，“低头族”是总是看手机的一群人，故选C.
62.The underlined word “motorcyclists" in the passage means_ in Chinese.定位到第二段最后一句
A.摩托车手
B.手机使用者
C.低头族
错因分析：易错选B.文章讲的是总是低头看手机的人，易忽视语境、盲目猜测此处表示“手机使用者”。
正确解答：A
词义猜测题。由第二段后半部分“...people who use mo- bile phones while driving in Taiwan are fined. Car drivers and motorcyclists who break the traffic rule will be fined NT$3,000 and NTS1,000 respectively.”可知，前一句是说在台湾开车时使用手机的驾驶员会被罚款，下一句又讲了两种违反交通法规的人将被罚，其中and为并列连词，其前后的词应是并列的。既然car drivers意为“汽车驾驶员”，那么motorcyclists也应为“······驾驶员”。结合选项可知，motorcyclists意为“摩托车手”。
63.The American was when he knocked into the bear.定位到第三段中间部分
A.driving a car
B.going to work
C.using his mobile
正确解答：C 细节理解题。由第三段中间两句“A man in America kept using his mobile phone on his way home. As a result, he knocked into a big lost bear.”可知，当他撞到熊时，他一直目不转睛地使用手机，故选C.
64. According to the passage,the “Heads-down Tribe” when they eat in a restaurant.定位到第三段倒数第二、三句
A. look at their own mobile phones
B.don't talk to the people who sit opposite
C.both A and B
错因分析：易错选A.忽视C项的意思，看到A项正确就草率地选出答案。
正确解答：C 细节理解题。由第三段倒数第二、三句“Another fact..but looking at their own mobile phones. It's strange that they don't talk to the ones who sit opposite to them during the meal.”可知，A项和B项都是低头族在餐厅时的表现，故选C.
65. What's the best title for the passage
A.Drive your car carefully
B.Use mobile phones properly
C.Be a heads-down tribe member
错因分析：易错选C.文章开头就提到heads-down tribe了，误认为这就是文章的主题，忽视最后一段的意思。
正确解答：B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要描述了“低头族”现象，并举例说明了这一现象引发的问题，最后呼吁读者做“抬头族”，做“健康的”手机使用者。由此可知，B项能概括本文主旨，适合做标题。
答题第五步：整理词汇和长难句，并将需要积累的内容整理在学霸笔记本上。
长难句分析：Another fact is that we can often see people in the restaurant eating face to
主语 谓语that引导表语从句
face but looking at their own mobile phones.
现在分词短语作宾语补足语
另一个情况就是，我们常常看到人们在餐厅里面对面坐着吃饭，但每个人的目光却都落在自己的手机上。
句法分析：句中that引导表语从句；see sb.do/doing sth.意为“看见某人做／正做某事”。see sb.do sth.强调看见动作的全过程，see sb.doing sth.强调看见动作正在进行。
第二部分 阅读理解词义猜测易错题解题应对策略
1.利用代入法来猜测词义
将备选答案逐一代入文中，看哪个选项能使句意通顺、连贯，且与上下文内容一致，注意被猜词和正确选项的感彩要契合。
示例：Turn off your computer. The computer will distract you from your job at hand-listening.
44.The underlined word “distract” in the 6th paragraph means “ ”
A.使担忧 B.使放松 C.使分心 D.使冷静
分析：从感彩契合方面考虑，由原文“Turn off your computer.”可排除B、D项。把A、C项的意思分别代入原文中，“计算机会让你在工作中分心”更通顺、连贯，故选C.
2.根据生活常识来猜测词义
示例：Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history. At that time only children from noble families could go to school,but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime.
48.The underlined word “noble” in Paragraph 3 has the closest meaning to .
A.poor B.bright C.wealthy D.cute
分析：画线的单词是 noble,根据常识可知，当时只有富裕家庭的孩子可以去上学，但孔子相信每一个人都应该去上学，由此可知noble和wealthy意义最接近，故选C.
3.据转折、因果等逻辑关系来猜测词义
示例：Scientists used to believe that people tamed cats to catch mice and protect the grain. However,cats don't like to be told what to do!
54.What does the underlined word “tamed"mean in Chinese
A.驱散 B.捕捉 C.驯化 D.引进
分析：根据下句“However, cats don't like to be told what to do!”中表示转折的However 可知，前后两句意思相反，故 tamed与 be told what to do意思相同，故选C.
4.根据上下文语境来猜测词义
示例：Is it possible to be born shy Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic.
51.What does the underlined word “genetic" in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Passed down from parents.
B.Learned from friends.
C.Taught by teachers.
D.Made up by brothers.
分析：由画线单词上一句中的“。these shy babies usually have shy parents.”可知，这些害羞的婴儿的父母通常也很害羞，所以，画线的单词指“父母身上继承而来的”，故选A.
5.通过句法功能来猜测词义
示例：Vanuatu is an island nation in the South Pacific. It is one of the smallest countries in the world. But for those who are interested in adventure and sport, there is a lot to do. Vanuatu's islands offer visitors two of the most exciting and dangerous activities in the world: volcano( 火山） surfing and land diving.
61. In Line 2, what does the word “those”mean
A.People. B.Animals. C.Activities. D.Islands.
分析：定语从句 who are interested in adventure and sport 修饰先行词 those.关系代词who指人，其先行词those也应指人，故选A.
6.利用构词法猜测词义
英语中有大量的单词是通过合成或加前缀、后缀形成的，因此运用构词法来判断生词的意义是一种快速、有效解决词汇障碍的方法。前缀往往是改变词义的，如：dislike,unhappy,inexpensive,impossible等表示否定意义；后缀往往是改变词性的，如：politely,invention,teacher等。
7.利用同义词或反义词猜测词义
有时作者为了使自己的意思表达得更清楚明白，通常用一个或多个同义词、近义词、反义词或英文解释来说明文中一个比较难的词或关键词。通过我们熟悉的单词或解释，用已知的知识就不难推断出生词的词义。
·第三部分 题型专练
（一）
One day, a man saw an old lady sitting inside her car at the side of the road. Though it was dark, he could see she needed help. So he stopped his car and walked towards her. The old lady was worried, even though she noticed the smile on his face. Was he going to hurt her ＂I’ll help you start your car, madam. By the way, my name is Bryan Anderson, ＂ he said.
While Anderson was fitting a spare tired(备胎) to her car, the lady began to talk to him. She thanked him much for coming to help.
Anderson just smiled as he put his tools away. The lady asked how much she should pay him. He told her that if she really wanted to pay him back, the next time she saw someone who needed help, she could give them the help they needed. He waited until she started her car and drove off.
A few miles down the road, the lady saw a small restaurant. She went in and a waitress came over with a sweet smile. The old lady noticed the waitress was nearly eight months pregnant(怀孕的), but she never let the pains and aches change her smile when she served her.
The lady finished her meal and paid with a hundred-dollar bill. The waitress quickly went to get change, but the old lady was gone when the waitress came back. The waitress wondered where the lady could be. Then she found there was a note on the napkin(餐巾), ＂You don’t need to give me anything back. Somebody once helped me out the way I’m helping you. If you really want to pay me back, here is what you do—do not let this chain(链子) of love end with you.＂
Under the napkin were four more $100 bills.
31. Why did Anderson tell his name to the old lady
A. Because he wanted to check if the lady knew him.
B. Because he hoped that may help relax the lady.
C. Because he thought he could be paid back one day.
D. Because he wanted to leave his name for doing good things.
32. What does the underlined word they refer to(指的是)
A. The old lady and Anderson.
B. The people who need help.
C. The old lady and the waitress.
D. The people who help others.
33. Which is the right order of the old lady’s feelings
①Thankful ②Happy ③Worried ④Helpless ⑤Willing and ready to help
A. ④③①⑤② B. ④①③②⑤
C. ③②①⑤④ D. ③①④⑤②
34. What can be inferred(推断) from the passage
A. The meal cost the old lady 400 dollars.
B. Anderson must be helped by someone before.
C. The old lady was able to fit a spare tire herself.
D. The waitress will probably help someone later.
35. What’s the best title for the passage
A. The Help of Strangers B. The Power of Smile
C. The China of Love D. The Bill of Kindness
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了爱的传递的两个小故事，一个男人看见一个女士陷入了难题，便停车为她解决了这个问题，他对女士说：如果想报答我，就去帮助别人吧。女士在经过一家餐厅时，看见怀孕的女服务员很辛苦，就偷偷地给了这位服务员一些钱。
31. B【解析】推理判断题。根据文中的信息The old lady was worried, even though she noticed the smile on his face. Was he going to hurt her 这位老妇人担心Anderson会伤害她，可推知她可能很紧张，所以Anderson告诉她自己的名字，为的是使这位老妇人放轻松，故答案选B。
32. B【解析】词义猜测题。根据上文the next time she saw someone who needed help,下次她看到有人需要帮助时，结合本句she could give them the help they needed.她可以给予他们需要的帮助；由此可知they是指上文提到的那些需要帮助的人，故答案选B。
33. A【解析】理解排序题。通读全文可知，首先是老妇人的车坏在了路上，她感到很无助（Helpless）；Anderson路过想帮助她，但她担心（Worried）Anderson会伤害她；Anderson告诉她自己的名字，并帮助了她，老妇人想给他钱感谢（Thankful）他；老妇人在一个餐馆里帮助了一个孕妇，（说明她乐于助人Willing and ready to help）；最后从老妇人给孕妇留的字条上可以看出，老妇人感到很幸福（Happy），因为她让爱的链条得到了延续。结合选项可知A选项符合题意，故答案选A。
34. D【解析】理解判断题。通读全文可知，Anderson帮助一个年纪大的女士，并告诉他自己不需要感谢，只希望她把帮助别人这个好习惯传递下去，然后这位年纪大的女士又帮助了一位孕妇服务员，同样她希望这位孕妇服务员也把帮助别人这个好习惯传递下去；由此可推知，这位孕妇服务员以后可能会帮助别人，故答案选D。
35. A【解析】标题归纳题。根据文中的信息Somebody once helped me out the way I’m helping you. If you really want to pay me back, here is what you do—do not let this chain(链子) of love end with you. 有人也这样帮助了我，你也可以这样做，不要让这条爱之链随着你而结束。所以应该是帮助他人，传递爱心。结合选项A. The Help of Strangers陌生人的帮助；B. The Power of Smile微笑的力量；C. The China of Love爱的中国；D. The Bill of Kindness仁慈的比尔；可知A选项符合题意，故答案选A。
（二）
Tina graduated from college. Several days later, she got a new job. She would work in the biggest company（公司）in her city. Her friends admired her very much.
On her first workday, Tina arrived at 8：45 a. m. She took the lift to the 1lth floor（楼层），and a clerk showed her where her desk was. As a green hand, she didn’t know what to do, so she tried to talk to the girls who sat near her in the office. However, they were not friendly to her. After a while, a young boss came in. Tina was surprised that the boss was not the old man who interviewed her several days ago. The boss gave her a lot of reports to write. But when she began to write, she found that she had much trouble understanding the reports. She spent almost the whole day trying to do the work. At 5：30 pm. , it was time to go home. Although most of the reports weren’t finished, she got into the lift. On the 10th floor, she was greeted by John, the old man who interviewed her several days ago. "Tina！"he said, ＂Why didn’t you work with us today ＂All of a sudden，Tina realized she mistook the 11th floor for the 10th floor. "Oh, my God！"she answered，"_________" After hearing this, John couldn’t help laughing.
50. The underlined（划线的）words ＂a green hand" most probably mean __________.
A. a person without experience
B. a person caring about the environment
C. a person doing well in growing vegetables
51. Tina was surprised because__________
A. she was not allowed to leave the company
B. the young boss wasn’t the man who interviewed her
C. the bosses in the two companies refused her in the interviews
52. Tina spent__________ trying to finish the reports.
A. almost the whole day
B. almost the whole morning
C. almost the whole afternoon
53. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. Tina moved to another city for a new job.
B. The girls sitting near Tina were unfriendly to her.
C. Tina arrived at the company at 5:30 a. m. on her first workday.
54. "___________" can be the missing sentence in the passage.
A. I forgot the interview date!
B. I have finished all the reports!
C. I have been in the wrong office all day!
【文章大意】蒂娜大学毕业后找到了一份新工作。上班的第一天，蒂娜在上午8：45到达办公室，办公室的其他人对她并不友好，蒂娜感到惊讶的是年轻的老板并不是几天前面试她的那位老人。工作了一天之后，蒂娜才发现自己走错了办公室。
50. A【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段开头的句子On her first workday，以及第二段第二行划线短语之后的句子she didn’t know what to do，so she tried to talk to the girls who sat near her in the office.可知，这是蒂娜大学毕业后第一次上班，不知道该怎么办，表明她是一个没有经验的人。故答案为A。
51. B【解析】细节理解题。根据短文中第二段第四行 Tina was surprise that the boss was not the old man who interviewed her several days ago. Tina 可知，让蒂娜感到惊讶的是年轻的老板并不是几天前面试她的那位老人。故答案为B。
52. A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文中第二段第六行she found that she had much trouble understanding the reports. She spent almost the whole day trying to do the work.可知，Tina花费一整天的时间做这项工作。故答案为A。
53. B【解析】判断正误题。根据第一段中的句子She would work in the biggest company in her city.可知，蒂娜在自己所住的城市找到了一份工作，A选项错误；短文中第二段第三行they were not friendly to her. 从这句话得知们对她并不友好，B选项正确；根据第二段开头的句子On her first workday，Tina arrived at 8：45 a. m.可知，在她的第一个工作日，蒂娜在上午8：45到达。C选项错误。故答案选B。
54. C【解析】细节推理题。根据前面的句子＂All of a sudden, Tina realized she mistook the 1lth floor for the 10th floor.＂可知，Tina走错了楼层，导致进错了办公室。故答案为C。
（三）
I am a selfish child.
I hope the sunshine lies only upon me, so I can feel its warmth.
I am a selfish child.
I hope there is a corner of the world that can comfort me when I am sad,
I am a selfish child.
I hope my mom belongs only to me, so I can enjoy the sweetness of love. "
This poem was written by a middle school student in a lonely mountainous town in Yunnan Province during her first poetry class. The girl missed her mother, who died when she was 5.
Kang Yu, the teacher who taught the girl how to write the poem, graduated from Renmin University of China in Beijing in 2015. Soon after her gradation, Kang moved to a town in Yunnan, and worked as a teacher at a middle school there.
Kang said, "Compared with students in the city, perhaps students in the countryside need a way to express their feelings and be heard more." Supported by the headmaster and other teachers,
the school held eight poetry classes for students every year.
As the classes grew in popularity, Kang became the school’s favourite teacher. After she finished her teaching at the school in June 2017, she returned to Beijing and planned to study abroad.
However, on Teachers’ Day in 2017, Kang received a big box full of poems and letters written by students at her old school. She felt she was needed and decided to abandon her plan of studying abroad. Instead, she set up Enlighten our Future, a charity that reaches students in the countryside how to write poems.
"Now, I go to several places every week. I sleep less than six hours a night and the job provides no vacations and little money, but the happiness and satisfaction I feel is rewarding enough." Kang said.
55. What’s the poem about at the beginning of the passage
A. A world which is full or love. B. A mother who misses her child.
C. A child who is in need of mother’s love. D. A child who can feel the sun’s warmth
56. What’s the meaning of the underlined word "abandon"
A. work out B. carry out C. give up D. make up
57. Which of the following information is TRUE according to the passage
A. Kang ever worked at a school named Enlighten our Future.
B. The school held eight poetry classes for students every term.
C. Kang said she was doing a well-paid job and had some vacations.
D. Before Kang set up the charity, she taught in Yunnan for about two years.
【文章大意】康玉毕业于中国人民大学，毕业后不久，她去了云南的一个小镇，在那里的一所中学当老师。她觉得与城市的孩子相比，农村的孩子更需要用一种方式来表达他们的情感，让更多的人都听到他们的心声。于是她在这所学校里每年给孩子们举行八节诗歌课。她甚至为了这些学生放弃了出国的机会，并且建立了一个叫＂点亮未来＂的公益组织，教农村的孩子们写诗。
55. C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文开头的这首诗歌的内容以及第二段This poem was written by a middle school student in a lonely mountainous town in Yunnan Province during her first poetry class. The girl missed her mother, who died when she was 5.可知，这首诗表达了女孩对妈妈的思念以及渴望得到妈妈的爱。由此可知应选C。
56. C【解析】词义猜测题。work out计算出，锻炼；carry out实施；give up放弃；make up编造，弥补。根据短文第五段After she finished her teaching at the school in June 2017, she returned to Beijing and planned to study abroad.可知，康玉准备出国；再根据划线单词所在的句子She felt she was needed and decided to abandon her plan of studying abroad.＂她感觉她是被需要的＂以及最后一段Now, I go to several places every week.可知，康玉最后没有出国，而是建立了一个组织，教农村的孩子们写诗。由此可猜测abandon的意思应该是＂放弃＂，故应选C。
57. D【解析】推理判断题。根据短文第三段Kang Yu, the teacher who taught the girl how to write the poem, graduated from Renmin University of China in Beijing in 2015. Soon after her gradation, Kang moved to a town in Yunnan, and worked as a teacher at a middle school there.可知，康玉是在2015年大学毕业后不久来到了云南。再根据短文第五段After she finished her teaching at the school in June 2017, she returned to Beijing可知，康玉在2017年回到了北京。由此可知她在云南待了大约两年的时间，故应选D。根据she set up Enlighten our Future, a charity that reaches students in the countryside how to write poems.可知A不对；根据第四段the school held eight poetry classes for students every year.可知B不对；根据最后一段I sleep less than six hours a night and the job provides no vacations and little money可知C不对。
（四）
When he was a teenager, Hunter Adams was very unhappy, and he spent many years in the 1960s and 1970s in a special hospital for people with mental(精神的) health problems.
When he left hospital, Adams decided to become a doctor, so he went to Medical School in Virginia, USA. But when he was there he did things in a different way. For example, he didn’t like the doctor’s white coats. He preferred to wear shirts with flowers on them when he visited his patients, and he tried to make them laugh. The doctors at the medical school didn’t like Adams very much because he was too different.
But Adams believed that people in hospital need more than medicine. He saw unhappy and lonely people, and he tried to help them as patients, but as people too. He spent a lot of time with children in the hospital, and often put a special red nose on his face to look like a clown and to make the children laugh.
When he finished medical school and became a doctor, Adams opened his own hospital, called ＂the Gesundheit Institute＂, together with some other doctors. They wanted it to be a place in a different way of working with sick people.
Hunter Adams became famous during the 1980s, and in 1998, Universal Pictures made a film about his life. It was very successful. In the film(called Patch Adams), Robin Williams played Adams. Williams said, ＂Hunter is a really warm person, who believes that patients need a doctor who’s friend. I enjoyed playing him.＂
23. What probably made Hunter decide to be a doctor
A. His interest in medicine. B. His idea to open a hospital.
C. His early experience as a teenager. D. His love for the lonely children around.
24. How was Hunter different from other doctors
A. He was famous before working in hospital.
B. He liked to wear shirts with flowers in them every day.
C. He treated his patients as friends in every way possible.
D. He was good at dealing with people who were mentally ill.
25. What does the underlined word ＂clown＂ in paragraph 3 probable mean
A. 木偶 B. 小丑 C. 外星人 D. 蜘蛛侠
26. What can we know from Robin Williams words
A. He thought highly of Hunter.
B. Every doctor needs a patient friend.
C. He became a warm person ever after.
D. A good actor makes a successful film.
【文章大意】文章介绍了亚当斯在少年时在医院和有精神疾病的人度过了许多年，后来他决定上医学院当医生，但是他做了许多与众不同的事情，他不喜欢穿白大褂，他看望病人时，喜欢穿上面有花的衬衫，在医院和孩子们在一起时，他喜欢在脸上放一个红鼻子，引孩子们发笑，医学院毕业后，他开了自己的医院。后来他的事情被拍成了电影，而且非常成功。
23. C【解析】细节理解题。根据When he was a teenager, Hunter Adams was very unhappy, and he spent many years in the 1960s and 1970s hospital for people with mental(精神的) health problems. When he left hospital, Adams decided to become a doctor可知是他早期的在医院的经历让他决定成为一名医生；故选C。
24. C【解析】细节理解题。根据But Adams believed that people in hospital need more than medicine. He saw unhappy and lonely people ,and he tried to help them as patients, but as people too.和Hunter is a really warm person, who believes that patients need a doctor who’s friend.可知他把病人看做是朋友来对待；故选C。
25. B【解析】词义猜测题。根据often put a special red nose on his face和make the children laugh可知他经常脸上放一个红鼻子，逗孩子们笑，由此可猜测是扮演小丑；故选B。
26. A【解析】细节理解题。根据Hunter is a really warm person ,who believes that patients need a doctor who’s friend .I enjoyed playing him.可知，他喜欢扮演他，推测是他高度评价了亚当斯；故选A。
【点睛】
短文阅读，做题时要结合文章的特点，题目涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断，做题时要在了解文章大意的基础上，结合题目针对不同的题型采用不同的解答方式，比如细节理解题，我们要抓住里面的最有效的信息选择出正确的答案。例如：小题1 细节理解题。根据When he was a teenager, Hunter Adams was very unhappy, and he spent many years in the 1960s and 1970s hospital for people with mental(精神的) health problems. When he left hospital ,Adams decided to become a doctor可知是他早期的在医院的经历让他决定成为一名医生；故选C。
（五）
By Anna Matteo
28 January, 2019
A 3-year-old boy who was lost in the woods for two days is now safe at home with his family. But Casey Hathaway told his rescuers(救援者) that he was not alone in the rainy, freezing cold woods. He said he was with a friend - a bear.
The child went missing on January 22 while playing with friends near his grandmother’s house in North Carolina. When the other children returned but Casey did not, the family searched the area for almost an hour before calling the police.
Police formed a search team to look for the young boy in the nearby woods. But two days went by and - no Casey.
Then on January 24, someone called the police saying he heard a child crying in the woods. Police followed up on the information and found Casey at about 9: 30 that night. He was in good health.
Casey told the rescuers he had hung out with a black bear for two days, a bear he called his "friend".
The police officer Chip Hughes spoke with reporters from several news agencies. He said Casey did not say how he could survive in the woods for two days in the cold, rainy weather. "However," the police officer said, "he did say he had a friend in the woods that was a bear with him."
Hundreds of people helped in the search and rescue efforts, including some 600 volunteers, police and members of the army. Doctors at the medical center gave Casey some examination. He was then sent to his family on January 25.
His mother talked with reporters and thanked everyone who joined the search for her son. "We just want to tell everybody that we’re very thankful that you took the time out to search for Casey," said his mother. "He is up and talking. He’s already asked to watch cartoons. "
15. Who stayed with Casey in the woods during the two days
A. A bear. B. The police. C. His mother. D. The volunteers.
16. The underlined word "survive" in Paragraph 6 probably means "_____________".
A. give up B. get lost C. fall asleep D. remain alive
17. What is the correct order in which these happen
a. Someone heard a child crying. b. The family started to look for Casey.
c. Casey played with his friends. d. The police found Casey was in good health.
A. b-c-a-d B. b-c-d-a C. c-b-a-d D. c-b-d-a
18. After Casey was sent back home, he was _____________.
A. scared B. nervous C. relaxed D. surprised
【文章大意】这是一篇新闻，报道了一个3岁的小孩在树林里迷路了，2天后被找到，他告诉救援者，他不是独自一人在树林里，他和他的一个朋友——一只熊在一起，他的妈妈对记者说，她感谢每个参与搜救她儿子的人，他现在已经没事了，要看动画片了。
15. A【解析】细节理解题。根据But Casey Hathaway told his rescuers (救援者) that he was not alone in the rainy, freezing cold woods. He said he was with a friend - a bear.可知是一只熊和他呆在一起；故选A。
16. D【解析】词义猜测题。根据He said Casey did not say how he could survive in the woods for two days in the cold, rainy weather. "However," the police officer said, "he did say he had a friend in the woods that was a bear with him."他没说这两天他是怎么生存的，他说他有一个朋友，是一只熊，可知是生存的意思；故选D。
17. C【解析】顺序排列题。根据The child went missing on January 22 while playing with friends near his grandmother’s house in North Carolina.和朋友玩，the family searched the area for almost an hour before calling the police.家人找他，someone called the police saying he heard a child crying in the woods.有人听到小孩哭，Police followed up on the information and found Casey at about 9: 30 that night. He was in good health.警察发现他健康状况良好；故选C。
18. C【解析】细节理解题。根据But Casey Hathaway told his rescuers (救援者) that he was not alone in the rainy, freezing cold woods. He said he was with a friend - a bear.和He is up and talking. He’s already asked to watch cartoons.可知他很放松；故选C。
【点睛】
本篇是新闻报道类短文阅读，做题时要结合新闻报道的特点，题目涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断，做题时要在了解文章大意的基础上，结合题目针对不同的题型采用不同的解答方式，比如细节理解题，我们要抓住里面的最有效的信息选择出正确的答案，总之理解透文章是做好一篇阅读理解的关键。例如：细节理解题。根据But Casey Hathaway told his rescuers (救援者) that he was not alone in the rainy, freezing cold woods. He said he was with a friend - a bear.可知是一只熊和他呆在一起；故选A。