(共103张PPT)
模块形成性评价(五)(Module 5)
(120分钟 150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Text 1
M: ①Before feeding the dog, I’m going to clear up its house.
W: It’s about time. Look at the mess! It smells terrible.
1. What is the man going to do first
A. Feed the dog. B. Walk the dog.
C. Clean the dog house.
答案: C
Text 2
M: ②Make one copy of this document for me and twenty for other managers.
W: OK, Mr Collins. As soon as I send the e-mail to the important client, I will go to deal with this.
2. What is the woman related to Mr Collins
A. His secretary. B. His client. C. His manager.
答案: A
Text 3
M: ③The food in this restaurant is pretty good. And they also give the best service.
W: That’s right. Have you been here before
M: No, but my friend Bob often comes here.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A public service. B. A restaurant.
C. The man’s friend.
答案: B
Text 4
W: ④If your back is painful, maybe you shouldn’t get out of bed, dear. Don’t go to the kitchen. I’ll bring breakfast here.
M: No, no. My back feels worse lying down. ④Help me get dressed, please. Then I’ll walk outside a little.
4. Where does the conversation take place
A. In the kitchen. B. In the bedroom.
C. Outside the house.
答案: B
Text 5
W: How did you like the movie, John Tom said it was boring. But I know you were excited to see it.
M: I can’t decide. ⑤Some parts were all right, and others not so good.
5. What does the man think of the movie
A. Exciting. B. Boring. C. Just so-so.
答案: C
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
Text 6
M: Marissa, if your papers continue to be late, I will have to give you a failing grade for the course.
W: ⑥I’m sorry! I’ve been having a really hard semester.
M: You need to try a little harder, okay
W: I know, I will. There’s just been a lot going on lately. I’m moving out of my house, and my brother is in the hospital.
M: I’m sorry to hear that, ⑦but this is the 7th paper you’ve turned in late.
W: I promise I’ll get the next one in on time. Just please don’t fail me.
M: I’ll give you one more chance, but just one. Don’t let me down.
6. How does the woman most likely feel
A. Sorry. B. Disappointed. C. Annoyed.
答案: A
7. What has happened to the woman recently
A. She failed in the exams several times.
B. She moved out of her brother’s house.
C. She turned in papers late.
答案: C
听第7段材料, 回答第8~10题。
Text 7
W: Hey, Frank, I have just got a working holiday visa for the UK, and I wonder what I can do there.
M: The working holiday visa lasts six months, and you can work for three months. If your English is good, you shouldn’t have a problem getting work in a bar. ⑧But if you don’t like the noisy, smoky and no tipping bar, you can work in a restaurant. That’s another way to use your English, meet some different people and ⑨more importantly, you can get some tips.
W: OK, I prefer to work in a restaurant. My visa is for 6 months, ⑩so I’ll study for the first 3 months and work for the second 3 months.
M: But remember, it’s a holiday. It’s not for studying. You travel from place to place and you pick up jobs on the way. You can work for a maximum of three months, but no more.
W: Oh, that’s interesting. Thanks a lot.
M: If you have more questions, I’ll be there.
8. What does the man think of the bar environment
A. Quiet. B. Smoky. C. Good.
答案: B
9. What’s the advantage of working in a restaurant over a bar
A. Improving English. B. Meeting different people.
C. Earning some tips.
答案: C
10. How long can the woman work in the UK
A. 3 months. B. 6 months. C. 9 months.
答案: A
听第8段材料, 回答第11~13题。
Text 8
M: I just went to the doctor, and he said that according to my BMI, which means Body Mass Index, I am officially overweight. Do I look fat to you
W: I mean, you could lose a few pounds, but I certainly don’t think you look fat. Did he suggest anything to help you lose weight
M: He just said the usual stuff, like “eat less and exercise more”. I guess I could cut out soda. . .
W: Maybe you should cut out the sweets.
M: I eat sweets when I’m stressed out, so that’s going to be hard. I guess I should go to the gym tomorrow. I’m a member, but I never go.
W: I thought we were going to that new restaurant tomorrow after work. We’ve been talking about it for weeks.
M: Well, it’s probably not healthy for me to be going out to eat, you know The gym seems like a smarter e to think of it. Maybe I’ll go to the grocery store tonight and stock up on healthy options, too.
11. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Give up soda. B. Stop eating the sweets.
C. Exercise more.
答案: B
12. What will the man do tomorrow
A. Go to the gym. B. Go out for dinner.
C. Go to the grocery store.
答案: A
13. What is the conversation mainly about
A. Losing weight. B. Healthy meals.
C. A new restaurant.
答案: A
听第9段材料, 回答第14~17题。
Text 9
M: Well, you know, I enjoy staying in shape. I generally get up every morning at 5: 30 am, and exercise indoors.
W: Hey, jogging to the refrigerator for a glass of milk doesn’t count.
M: Yes, I usually lift weights. This helps me build muscle strength. Besides, I am fond of boxing because it helps me burn off stress and reduce anxiety.
W: Oh yeah, those lies. I’ll never buy this story. Actually, a study suggests using a fitness tracker can record and encourage you to take 10, 000 steps a day. Your immediate action matters. Not your words!
M: 10, 000 steps That is too much. Will a quarter as much as that help
W: Of course. Clay Marsh from Ohio State University says “Any amount of activity will do. As long as you stick to it, you will benefit. ”
M: OK. I will start walking tomorrow.
14. What is the woman’s attitude toward the man’s description
A. Understanding. B. Doubtful. C. Ambiguous.
答案: B
15. Why does the woman speak of a study
A. To persuade the man.
B. To support her findings.
C. To reduce the man’s anxiety.
答案: A
16. What does Clay Marsh probably do
A. He is an athlete. B. He is a coach.
C. He is a teacher.
答案: C
17. What exercise will the man take tomorrow
A. Boxing. B. Walking. C. Weightlifting.
答案: B
听第10段材料, 回答第18~20题。
W: It was 2: 05 in the afternoon. When I entered the classroom, I was surprised
to see a video camera. Our class teacher was operating the camera, and my
classmates were all talking among themselves slowly. Most of us had never been
in front of a video camera before, so we were quite nervous. As for myself, I had
once faced one at home. My uncle was shooting when we were celebrating my
sister’s birthday. But this was completely different. We had to talk about our
articles as if we were reading news on TV. The funny thing was that every time I
tried to face the camera and talk about my article, I forgot the article and couldn’t resist looking down at it. It was a completely different experience for me, thanks to our class teacher.
18. What were the students going to do
A. Read news on TV.
B. Celebrate the writer’s sister’s birthday.
C. Read their articles in front of a video camera.
答案: C
19. Why was the writer so nervous
A. She had never stood before a video camera.
B. She had never read her own article before a video camera.
C. This camera was different from the one she had once faced.
答案: B
20. What was the writer’s feeling to her class teacher
A. Nervous. B. Afraid. C. Thankful.
答案: C
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分)
A
It is easier to float in the ocean than it is to float in a swimming pool. Do you know why
Ocean water is full of salt and salt water can hold up more weight than fresh water. See for yourself!
You Will Need:
●3 cups of warm water
●Measuring cup
●Wide-mouthed jar
●Salt
●Spoon
●Raw potato
You Will Do:
1. Pour 1. 5 cups of warm water into the jar.
2. Add 1/3 cup of salt.
3. Stir(搅拌) until the salt is completely dissolved.
4. Add another 1. 5 cups of water. Pour it slowly over the back of the spoon into the jar so that the two liquids will not mix together.
5. Gently place the potato into the jar. Do not drop it.
What Will Happen:
The potato will sink— but only halfway!
Why
Salt water is heavier than fresh water, so it will stay on the bottom. The fresh water will remain on top.
The potato is heavier than the fresh water, but it is lighter than the salt water. That is why the potato will sink halfway down.
【文章大意】在海洋中漂浮比在泳池更容易, 因为海洋中富含盐分, 盐水比淡水承载更多的重量。
21. In which step of the experiment do you add the salt
A. Step 1. B. Step 2. C. Step 3. D. Step 4.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文中You Will Do: . . . 2. Add 1/3 cup of salt. 可知在第二步中你需要加入盐, 故选B。
22. In Step 4 of the experiment, why do you pour the water over the spoon “slowly”
A. Because it is easier to see what you are doing.
B. Because it pushes the fresh water to the bottom.
C. Because it will keep the water from coming out.
D. Because it will keep the liquids from mixing together.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据实验第四步Pour it slowly over the back of the spoon into the jar so that the two liquids will not mix together. 可知, 缓慢加入水, 是为了不让两种液体混合在一起。
23. In the experiment, what should you do right after you pour the water over the spoon
A. Add the salt to the water.
B. Stir the salt into the water.
C. Place the potato in the jar.
D. Pour warm water into the jar.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据实验第五步 5. Gently place the potato into the jar. Do not drop it. 可知注入水以后要轻轻地把土豆放入广口瓶, 故选C。
B
A few months after Wu Xingyu was congratulated by teachers for graduating from the university, the 23-year-old has been making his dream of relieving tens of thousands of teachers in China from drowning in marking papers a reality.
Yitiku, an online software system based on Wu’s idea, eases the workload of teachers by doing many of the functions that they did, such as selecting the test questions, forming an exam paper, and preparing exercises for the students.
The features of Yitiku may sound quite simple, but this idea won his company millions of dollars from China’s Internet giant Tencent in January. The unexpectedly successful fund raising story became a popular conversation starter among the people in the education business.
“I can say it’s quite an achievement for me and our company. As far as I know, I’m the first CEO born after 1990s that Tencent has invested (投资) in, and we are the first online education company they have invested in, ” Wu Xingyu told China Daily.
Different from other online companies that treat students as clients (客户), Yitiku has chosen teachers as their focus. “ We make the work of teachers easy. Usually it takes two to three hours for them to prepare a new exam paper. Now it’s just three clicks, ” said Wu. He is quite satisfied with the major feature of the software.
Sitting in his 10-square-meter office in Zhonguancun, a hub of innovation (创新) in Beijing, Wu looks confident and chatty when talking about his business. His fast-speed answers give people an impression that he has years of experience in the online education sector. The fact is that he had been putting most of attention in directing courses at an art college until about a year ago.
【文章大意】本文讲述了一位23岁的年轻人为了减轻教师的工作量开发了辅助老师教学的软件。
24. The best title for this passage might be_______.
A. 23-year-old wants to ease workload of teachers
B. the achievement made by a boy born after 1990s
C. Yitiku, an online software system loved by teachers
D. A 23-year-old surprises China’s Internet giant
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。文章介绍了23岁的应届大学毕业生为了减轻老师组卷批卷的负担开发了Yitiku软件系统, A项较为切题。
25. Yitiku has the following functions EXCEPT _______.
A. designing test papers
B. choosing the test questions
C. teaching the students
D. grading papers
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一、二段可知, 该系统可以选题、组卷和批卷, 但没有教学生的功能。
26. The underlined word “hub” in the last paragraph means _______.
A. special center B. small house
C. big market D. supermarket
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。众所周知, 北京的中关村, 是高科技公司的云集之地, 是许多高科技企业的研发中心, 故选A。
27. What will be continued after the last paragraph
A. Wu’s family background.
B. How Wu got the great idea.
C. What Wu studied in an art college.
D. Wu’s experience in directing courses.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段 Sitting in his 10-square-meter office in Zhonguancun, a hub of innovation in Beijing可判断出, 接下来将会讲述他的主意是如何获得的。
C
A Teenage Inventor
The world could be one step closer to quick and inexpensive Ebola detection thanks to a teenager from Connecticut.
Olivia Hallisey, a junior at Greenwich High School, was awarded $50, 000 in the Google Science Fair for her new method that detects Ebola, a virus that causes bleeding from different parts of the body and usually causes death. Olivia’s method is to ask patients to put their saliva (唾液) onto a testing card. The card changes color if the person is catching Ebola. Present Ebola tests take up to 12 hours and cost $1, 000. Olivia’s method, however, can be done just in 30 minutes for about $25. Besides, the sample (样本) doesn’t have to be put in a refrigerator thanks to the silk material Olivia uses to produce the testing cards.
Olivia was inspired to deal with this global problem after watching the news that more than 10, 000 people died from Ebola in West Africa. She was particularly worried about the fact that, while the acts of involvement can improve survival rates, present detection methods are costly, time-consuming and require complex tools. Olivia got help from her science research teacher. She drew out directions from past research, and figured out detection systems that have proven to work with other diseases, including Lyme disease and yellow fever.
“What affects one country affects everyone, ” Olivia told CNBC. “We have to work together to find answers to the huge challenges which cause harm to the global health. ” The Connecticut’s teen, who hopes to become a doctor one day, was named the Google Science Fair winner in the competition of 20 competitors from across the globe. The fair is open to young people between the ages of 13 and 18 in most countries.
Olivia hopes her success will inspire other girls interested in science and computers. “I would just encourage girls to try it in the beginning, and remind them that they don’t have to feel naturally drawn or feel like they have a special talent for maths or science, ” she told CNBC, “but just really look at something they are interested in and then think how to improve something or make it more enjoyable or relate it to their interests. ”
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一名青少年发明家。正是因为这名来自康涅狄格州的青少年, 世界距离快速廉价的埃博拉检测又近了一步。
28. According to the passage, present Ebola detection methods _______.
A. must use a large amount of samples
B. may detect other deadly viruses as well
C. have proven to be ineffective in practice
D. require samples to be kept in refrigerators
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段中The card changes color if the person is catching Ebola. Present Ebola tests take up to 12 hours and cost $1, 000. Olivia’s method, however, can be done just in 30 minutes for about $25. Besides, the sample doesn’t have to be put in a refrigerator thanks to the silk material Olivia uses to produce the testing cards. 可知, 目前的埃博拉检测方法要求样本保存在冰箱中。故选D。
29. What can we learn about Olivia’s method
A. Time-consuming. B. Cheap.
C. Complex. D. Out of date.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段中The card changes color if the person is catching Ebola. Present Ebola tests take up to 12 hours and cost $1, 000. Olivia’s method, however, can be done just in 30 minutes for about $25. 可知, Olivia的方法是“便宜的”。故选B。
30. What does the underlined word “drawn” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A. Attracted. B. Controlled.
C. Admitted. D. Exposed.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据最后一段中I would just encourage girls to try it in the beginning, and remind them that they don’t have to feel naturally drawn or feel like they have a special talent for maths or science“我只是想鼓励女孩们在一开始就尝试一下, 并提醒她们不必觉得自己天生就被吸引, 也不必觉得自己在数学或科学方面有什么特别的天赋。”推知画线词的意思是“吸引”。故选A。
31. The Google Science Fair is intended for _______.
A. students B. doctors
C. inventors D. scientists
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段第一句Olivia Hallisey, a junior at Greenwich High School, was awarded $50, 000 in the Google Science Fair for her new method that detects Ebola. . . 可知, the Google Science Fair是为学生准备的。故选A。
【方法技巧】词义猜测题的做法 任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的, 都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有关。利用上下文提供的情景和线索, 进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义, 尤其要注意画线词前后的内容。本文第30小题, 根据最后一段中I would just encourage girls to try it in the beginning, and remind them that they don’t have to feel naturally drawn or feel like they have a special talent for maths or science“我只是想鼓励女孩们在一开始就尝试一下, 并提醒她们不必觉得自己天生就被吸引, 也不必觉得自己在数学或科学方面有什么特别的天赋。”推知画线词的意思是“吸引”。故选A。
D
(2021·南京高一检测)
The Vienna-based researchers showed that dogs will stop doing a simple task when not rewarded if another dog, which continues to be rewarded is present.
The experiment consisted of taking pairs of dogs and getting them to present a paw for a reward. On giving this “handshake” the dogs received a piece of food. One of the dogs was then asked to shake hands, but received no food. The other dog continued to get the food when it was asked to perform the task.
The dog without the reward quickly stopped doing the task, and showed signs of anger or stress when its partner was rewarded.
To make sure that the experiment was really showing the interaction between the dogs rather than just the frustration of not being rewarded, a similar experiment was conducted where the dogs performed the task without the partner. Here they continued to present the paw for much longer.
Dr. Frederike Range from the University of Vienna says this shows that it was the presence of the rewarded partner that was the greater influence on their behavior.
“The only difference is that one gets food and the other doesn’t. They are responding to being unequally rewarded. ” she says.
The researchers say this kind of behavior, where one animal gets frustrated with what is happening with another, has only been observed in primates (灵长类) before.
Studies with various types of monkeys and chimpanzees show they react not only to seeing their partners receiving rewards when they are not, but also to the type of reward.
The dog study also looked at whether the type of reward made a difference. Dogs were given either bread or sausage, but seemed to react equally to either. Dr. Range says this may be because they have been trained.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项实验表明狗也是有公平感的, 介绍了其实验过程以及动物在实验中的表现。
32. The dogs refused to give the paw when they _______.
A. found another dog was given nothing
B. felt they were not treated equally
C. were aware they received less food
D. were given too much reward
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段以及第三段“The dog without the reward quickly stopped doing the task, and showed signs of anger or stress when its partner was rewarded. ”可知, 当狗感到没有得到平等对待时, 它们就拒绝伸出爪子。故选B。
33. What would a dog do if it presented its paw alone
A. It would go on with the performance much longer.
B. It would be too shy to present its paw.
C. It would miss its partner.
D. It would compare what it got with that of another.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段“To make sure that the experiment was really showing the interaction between the dogs rather than just the frustration of not being rewarded, a similar experiment was conducted where the dogs performed the task without the partner. Here they continued to present the paw for much longer. ”可知, 如果是单独一只狗伸出它的爪子, 它伸出爪子的时间会更长。故选A。
34. According to the passage, compared with dogs, monkeys and chimpanzees _______.
A. pay no attention to the type of reward
B. only like to play interesting games
C. pay attention to the type of reward as well as whether they are rewarded
D. care more about how they are rewarded
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Studies with various types of monkeys and chimpanzees show they react not only to seeing their partners receiving rewards when they are not, but also to the type of reward. ”可知, 与狗相比, 猴子和黑猩猩更注重奖赏的类型以及是否受到奖赏。故选C。
35. Which of the following can best summarize the passage
A. Animals’ various ways to show anger.
B. Dogs are more envious than human beings.
C. Most animals want to be rewarded for their work.
D. Animals also have a sense of fairness.
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据倒数第四段“The only difference is that one gets food and the other doesn’t. They are responding to being unequally rewarded. ”结合文章主要说明了一项实验表明狗也是有公平感的, 介绍了其实验过程以及动物在实验中的表现。这种行为以前只在灵长类动物中观察到过, 说明动物和人一样, 有公平意识。故选D。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。
Riding a Mobike on the street, you might hear people speaking Chinese aloud.
36 After walking into a store, it’s possible that you’ll see Huawei smartphones for sale. This isn’t referring to China, but Manchester, UK. 37 Indeed, Chinese products have gone global.
38 But to meet local people’s tastes, Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes. “One example is the meat”, said Yin Hang, who is studying at the University of Wollongong in Australia. “We like to eat meat with the bone in, but people here don’t. So Chinese restaurants provide big pieces of meat without bones, even for fish. ”
39 In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers, reported Reuters. More than half of US-owned drones (无人机) are Chinese models, according to China Daily. They’re not simply made in China, but designed and developed in the country.
In the past, most Western people thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable. But things have changed greatly. 40 “For example, Huawei, one of China’s major smartphone makers, overtook Apple in global smartphone sales for the first time in June and July last year, ” noted consulting firm Counterpoint Research.
A. Turning to the right, you may see a Sichuan-style restaurant.
B. What is the biggest problem with many Chinese brands
C. Many Chinese brands (品牌) are also becoming more popular.
D. Chinese food has been enjoyed in Western countries for a long time.
E. “Made in China” has become cool and more people trust Chinese brands.
F. In fact, you might see similar things in many other cities around the world.
G. Meanwhile, international brands are still enjoying great success in China.
【文章大意】本文是新闻报道, 主要讲述了越来越多的中国产品走向世界, 受到外国人的青睐。
36. 【解析】选A。考查承上启下句。上文在街上骑摩拜单车, 下文走进一家商店, 推断此内容根据空间顺序, 因此骑车→右拐, 看到餐厅→走进商店, 符合行文逻辑, 故选A。
37. 【解析】选F。考查承接句。根据Indeed, Chinese products have gone global. 可知, 中国产品走向世界。可推知上句应该是In fact, you might see similar things in many other cities around the world. 在世界上很多其他的城市见过类似的东西。故选F。
38. 【解析】选D。考查启下句。根据But to meet local people’s tastes, Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes. 空格处应该填与食物有关的内容。故选D。
39. 【解析】选C。考查启下句。根据In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers, reported Reuters. More than half of US-owned drones are Chinese models, according to China Daily. 据《路透社》报道, 在欧洲许多城市, 商店出售TCL电视、海尔冰箱和联想电脑。据《中国日报》报道, 美国拥有的无人机中, 超过一半是中国型号。这里介绍的是中国产品的品牌, 所以上句应该是Many Chinese brands are also becoming more popular. 许多中国品牌也变得越来越受欢迎。故选C。
40. 【解析】选E。考查承上启下句。根据In the past, most Western people thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable. But things have changed greatly. 在过去, 大多数西方人认为中国产品便宜且不可靠。但是事情已经发生了很大的变化。后面应该叙述这种转变, “Made in China” has become cool and more people trust Chinese brands. “中国制造”变得很酷, 越来越多的人信任中国品牌。故选E。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节, 满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分30分)
My name is Peter, and I use a wheelchair to get around. This year I 41 to be in the School Walkathon.
At the Walkathon last year, I helped hand out drinks to the walkers. The teachers and parents said they couldn’t have 42 without me.
“Are you going to give out drinks 43 this year ” my friend Michael asked.
“I 44 so, ” I said. “But I 45 wish I could do laps(跑道的圈) with you. ”
Michael told Mrs Hunt that I wanted to 46 the Walkathon. Mrs Hunt looked at me. “It’s not a good course for a wheelchair, ” she said. “The hilly part would be too 47 . ”
“But I could push Peter over the hard bits, ” said Michael.
“I’ll 48 it, ” said Mrs Hunt.
That afternoon, Mrs Hunt called a class meeting. Michael told everyone about his 49 .
“We could all take turns. That way no one would get too 50 , ” said Olivia. Then everyone said they would take a turn.
When the Walkathon began, I turned my wheels round and round as 51 as I could. When we came to the hilly bit, Michael 52 to push me up it. Olivia was waiting halfway up. “My 53 now, ” she said. With all the help my
54 were giving me, I 55 the first lap and did a second lap—and another. I was tired in the 56 .
“It’s time to announce the winner of the mystery prize. It goes to. . . Peter!” Mrs Hunt said.
I looked at all the things I had 57 , and felt extremely 58 . But then I remembered that the whole 59 had helped me.
“I want everyone to 60 the prize, ” I said. “Let’s keep all the things in our classroom. Then we can all have some fun!”
And that’s what we did.
【文章大意】作者是残疾人, 不能走路, 要用轮椅来走动, 然而, 他参加了学校的步行马拉松比赛并获了奖。
41. A. need B. agree C. want D. offer
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据下文中的Michael told Mrs Hunt that I wanted to. . . 可知, 作者“想(want)”参加今年的步行马拉松比赛。
42. A. remembered B. waited
C. helped D. managed
【解析】选D。词义辨析题。根据上一句中的 I helped hand out drinks to the walkers可知, 作者在去年的步行马拉松比赛时帮忙发饮料因此老师和家长说如果没有作者的帮忙, 他们可能“应付(managed)”不过来。
43. A. soon B. again C. once D. first
【解析】选B。词汇复现题。根据上一段中的 At the Walkathon last year, I helped hand out drinks to the walkers. 可知, Michael问作者今年是不是还要“再(again)”发饮料。
44. A. suppose B. hope C. do D. say
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据下一句But I_______wish I could do laps with you. 可知, 作者“猜想 (suppose)”还是会被安排发饮料的任务, 故选A。
45. A. never B. really C. partly D. still
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。联系上下文内容可知, 作者“真地(really)”很想和朋友一起参加比赛。故选B。
46. A. lead B. organize
C. give up D. join in
【解析】选D。词义辨析题。根据上文中的be in the School Walkathon可知, 作者想“参加(join in)”步行马拉松比赛。
47. A. difficult B. serious
C. important D. different
【解析】选A。背景知识题。根据上文中的 I use a wheelchair to get around. 可知, 多坡的道路对于一名残疾人来说是很“困难的(difficult)”, 故选A。
48. A. take control of B. have pity on
C. think about D. look after
【解析】选C。词义辨析题。根据下一句 That afternoon, Mrs Hunt called a class meeting. 可知, 老师答应“考虑(think about)” Michael 的提议。
49. A. fear B. idea C. success D. story
【解析】选B。词义辨析题。根据下文班里同学的回应可知Michael将自己的“想法(idea)”告诉了大家。
50. A. sad B. dirty C. slow D. tired
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据上一句We could all take turns. 可知, Olivia认为大家轮流推作者, 这样每个人都不至于太“累(tired)”。
51. A. fast B. long C. far D. often
【解析】选A。背景知识题。比赛一开始, 作者尽可能“快地(fast)”转动轮椅的轮子。
52. A. forgot B. avoided
C. started D. hated
【解析】选C。词义辨析题。根据该空前的When we came to the hilly bit可知, 到了有坡的地方, Michael就“开始(started)”推作者。
53. A. break B. decision C. turn D. plan
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据上一句 Olivia was waiting halfway up. 可知, Olivia说“轮到我了 (My turn)”。
54. A. teachers B. friends
C. parents D. neighbors
【解析】选B。词汇复现题。根据上文中的my friend Michael 和a class meeting可知, 作者的这些 “朋友(friends)”在比赛中帮助他。
55. A. finished B. caught
C. prevented D. wasted
【解析】选A。词义辨析题。根据该空后的did a second lap—and another可知, 作者“完成了 (finished)” 第一圈。
56. A. day B. way C. past D. end
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据后面开始颁奖可知, 作者在“最后(end)”感到很疲倦。
57. A. owned B. expected
C. won D. discovered
【解析】选C。词义辨析题。根据上文中的 . . . the winner of the mystery prize. It goes to. . . Peter!可知, 作者看着这些他“赢得(won)”的奖品。
58. A. nervous B. happy C. bored D. young
【解析】选B。词义辨析题。能够在比赛中获奖作者感到非常“开心(happy)” , 故选 B。
59. A. class B. family
C. school D. world
【解析】选A。词义辨析题。根据上文中的 everyone said they would take a turn 可知, 整个“班(class)”的同学都帮助了作者。
60. A. share B. receive C. value D. show
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据下文“Let’s keep all the things in our classroom. Then we can all have some fun!”可知, 作者想和大家“分享(share)”奖品。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An app(xue xi qiang guo) aimed at 61 (enable) people to learn more so they can make the country stronger has become popular recently.
The app, 62 focuses on promoting the Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, is 63 platform that enables Party members and the public to raise their sense of civic(公民的) duty and scientific literacy (素养).
The learning platform, which includes several channels, 64 ( provide) a huge amount of text and video material including news, magazines, books, open courses, songs and 65 (movie) for the public to browse and study 66 free.
The learning platform was 67 (official) opened to the public on Jan. 1 2019, 68 it has become popular among the public within a short time. According to the media, till the 69 (begin) of April, the total amount of registered users of the learning platform has exceeded 100 million, and the
70 (day) active users account for as high as 40 to 60 percent of the total users.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要介绍了很流行的一个应用程序“学习强国”, 它可以让人们学到更多知识, 从而让国家变得更强大。
61. 【解析】enabling。考查非谓语动词。句意: 最近, 一款旨在让人们学到更多知识, 从而让国家变得更强大的应用程序变得流行起来。at为介词, 介词后加动词enable, 应用其动词-ing形式enabling。故填enabling。
62. 【解析】which。考查定语从句关系词。分析句子结构可知, 本句为which引导非限制性定语从句修饰The app, 并在从句中作主语。故填which。
63. 【解析】a。考查冠词。句意: 它是一个平台, 能使党员和公众提高公民责任感和科学素养。platform为可数名词, 此处不是特指, 故用冠词a。故填a。
64. 【解析】provides。考查时态与主谓一致。句意: 该学习平台包括多个频道, 提供大量的文本和视频材料。分析句子结构可知, 本句主语为The learning platform, provide为谓语动词, 本句时态为一般现在时, 故用第三人称单数形式provides。故填provides。
65. 【解析】movies。考查名词复数。句意: 包括新闻、期刊、书籍、公开课程、歌曲和电影。movie为可数名词, 根据and前与之并列的名词, 可知movie应用复数形式movies。故填movies。
66. 【解析】for。考查固定短语。句意: 包括新闻、期刊、书籍、公开课程、歌曲和电影, 供公众免费浏览和学习。固定短语for free, 免费的。故填for。
67. 【解析】officially。考查副词。副词修饰动词, 此处应用official的副词形式officially修饰opened。故填officially。
68. 【解析】and。考查连词。句意: 该学习平台于2019年1月1日正式向公众开放, 并在很短的时间内就受到了公众的欢迎。空处前后两句为承接关系, 故用and连接。故填and。
69. 【解析】beginning。考查固定短语。句意: 截至4月初。the beginning of……的开始。故填beginning。
70. 【解析】daily。考查副词。句意: 日活跃用户高达总用户的40%至60%。分析句子结构可知, 空处修饰后面的形容词active, 应用其副词形式daily, 表示“每天, 每日”, 故填daily。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(每小题1分, 满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改: 在错的词下面划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My grandfather and I enjoy fishing. One Sunday morning we go fishing at a lake. We took ours fishing poles and headed for the lake. As soon as we arrived, so we dropped the lines into the water. Before waiting for about half an hour, I was beginning to get impatiently. I wanted to give up, and my grandfather told me to wait a little longer. Finally, there were a sudden pull at the pole and fish was caught. Within the next few minute, my grandfather also caught a fish. Felt hungry, we built a fire by the lake and barbecued the fish. It was delicious.
答案:
1. 【解析】第二句中的go改为went。“一个星期天的上午”, 讲述的是过去的事情, 故句子用一般过去时态, 把go改为went。
2. 【解析】第三句中的ours改为our。形容词性物主代词修饰名词, 放在名词前面, 名词性物主代词不能放在名词前面, 故把ours改为our。
3. 【解析】第四句中的so去掉。as soon as 引导的是时间状语从句, 这里不是并列句, 故把so删去。
4. 【解析】第五句中的Before改为After。句意: 等了大约半小时之后, 我开始变得有点不耐烦。故把Before改为After。
5. 【解析】第五句中的impatiently改为impatient。句意: 等了大约半小时之后, 我开始变得有点不耐烦。此处get 是连系动词“变得”, 后面用形容词作表语, 故把impatiently改为impatient。
6. 【解析】第六句中的and改为but。句意: 我想放弃, 但是我爷爷让我再等一会儿。此处表示转折关系, 故把and改为but。
7. 【解析】第七句中的were改为was。这是一个there be 句型, 主语是a sudden pull, 单数形式, 又是一般过去时态, 故把were改为 was。
8. 【解析】第七句中的fish前加a。句意: 最后, 突然有东西拉鱼竿, 一条鱼被抓住了。在这里fish是可数名词, 故在fish前加a。
9. 【解析】第八句中的minute改为minutes。这里的意思是“接下来的几分钟”, 所以minute用复数形式, 故把minute改为minutes。
10. 【解析】第九句中的Felt改为Feeling。句意: 感到饿了, 我们在湖边生火, 烤鱼吃。we 和feel之间是主动关系, 所以用现在分词作状语, 故把Felt改为Feeling。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假如你是明德中学高一学生李华, 请你给你的外教J. C写一封信, 邀请他担任科技读书节(Science Technology and Reading Festival)英语海报设计大赛的评委, 信件内容包括:
1. 介绍大赛的相关信息(如目的, 主题等);
2. 告知对方评选活动的时间以及地点;
3. 说明发出邀请的原因, 并询问对方意向。
注意: 1. 词数100个左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 使行文连贯。
Dear J. C,
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear J. C,
I am writing to invite you to act as the judge of English poster design competition of Science Technology and Reading Festival.
The competition whose topic is “love science, pursue knowledge and develop oneself” is to cultivate students healthy interests, encourage students to pursue knowledge, love science and care about society.
As we all know, you have a lot of experience in teaching different subjects, innovation and research. That is the reason why I invite you to be the judge. The activity is going to start at 8: 00 am on December 28th, 2020 in our school hall. It will last 2 hours. I would like to know whether you are willing to be the judge.
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【备选训练】
单句语法填空
1. Don’t try to mix business ____ pleasure.
2. __ conclusion, I’d like to say how much I’ve enjoyed staying here.
3. What I said was not aimed __ you.
4. How did he react __ your suggestion
5. The _____ (much) he drank, the less he moved.
6. You’ll soon be used __ your new job.
7. He was supposed _____(be) an expert in this field.
with
In
at
to
more
to
to be
8. This table is twice ______ (big) than that one.
9. The factory was ________ (equip) with advanced machines.
10. I will study hard so that my parents will be proud __ me.
bigger
equipped
of(共23张PPT)
Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab
Grammar
语法精讲·思维构建
比较等级
【语法感知】
观察上面对话并类比填空。
The sun _________________the earth and the moon is not ________the earth.
太阳比地球大得多, 月亮并不和地球一样大。
is much bigger than
as big as
【语法精讲】
一、倍数表达法
1. 倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as
*The journey to Europe cost two times as much as I had expected. 去欧洲旅行的花费是我预算的两倍。
2. 倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than
*His house is twice larger than mine.
他的房子比我的房子大一倍。
*The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one. 这本字典比那本恰好贵5倍。
3. 倍数+the+名词(height, size, length, depth, width, etc. )+of
*This rope is half the length of that one.
这根绳子是那根的一半长。
*The ballroom is twice the width of our classroom.
舞厅是我们教室宽度的两倍。
【名师点津】
(1)倍数表达结构中的倍数可用half(一半), twice(两倍);三倍及更多倍用“基数词+times”。
(2)在as. . . as句型中, 如果名词为单数可数名词, 应注意冠词与形容词的位置关系, 即“as+adj. +a(n)+单数可数名词+as”;如果名词为复数名词或不可数名词, 应为“as+adj. +可数名词复数/不可数名词+as”。
【即学活用】
(1)单句改错
①My brother often exercises and he can walk three times further as me. ( )
②This table is twice as longer as that one. ( )
(2)句型转换
①This river is three times the depth of that one.
=This river is _________________as that one.
as→than
longer→long
three times as deep
②The weight of paper produced every year is three times as heavy as the world’s
production of vehicles.
=The weight of paper produced every year is _________________than the world’s
production of vehicles.
three times heavier
二、比较级的常用结构
1. 比较级+and+比较级“越来越……”
*The climate is getting warmer and warmer so that the polar ice is melting faster and faster.
气候变得越来越暖和, 所以极地的冰融化得越来越快。
*She became more and more talkative as the evening went on. 夜渐深, 她的话也渐渐多起来。
2. the+比较级, the+比较级“越……越……”
*The earlier the treatment is given, the bigger the patient’s chances are.
病人越早接受治疗, 康复的可能性就越大。
*The higher the monkey goes, the more he shows his tail.
猴子爬得越高, 尾巴越暴露。
【名师点津】
(1)大多双音节词和多音节词的比较级是在前面加more。用“比较级+and+比较级”结构时, 形式为“more and more+形容词或副词原形”。
(2)“the+比较级, the+比较级”意为“越……, 越……”, 表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化。
(3)“the+比较级+of the two+n. ”表示“两者中较……的那个”。
(4)“否定词 + 比较级”表示最高级。
【即学活用】
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①The fresh water is becoming ____ and ____. (little)
②The ______(hard) he worked, the more he got.
(2)The higher the ground is, __________the air becomes.
离地面越高, 空气就越稀薄。
(3)The ___________you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll make in the experiment.
你越小心, 你做实验犯的错误就越少。
less
less
harder
the thinner
more careful
三、修饰比较级的副词和短语
修饰比较级的副词和短语常见的有: much, rather, even, still, far, yet, no, any, a little, a bit, a lot等。
*A train runs much faster than a bus.
火车比公共汽车跑得快多了。
*In fact, the earth is a little nearer to the sun during the winter. 事实上, 冬天的时候地球离太阳近一些。
*This book is no more interesting than that one.
这本书和那本书一样不令人感兴趣。
*He has no more than three children.
他只有 3 个孩子。
【名师点津】
(1)修饰比较级时, a little, a bit译为“一点儿”, a lot, rather, much, far译为“多”。
(2)“no+比较级+than” 表示对两者都否定, 意为“同……一样不……”。no more than仅仅, 只有。
(3)any修饰比较级用于疑问句和否定句。
【即学活用】
(1)英译汉
①Do you feel any better today
你今天感觉____了吗
②Peter is no more careful than you.
__________________
(2)语法填空
①It’s much ______ (cold) today than it was yesterday.
②The new system is far ______ (good) than the old one.
好些
彼得和你一样不仔细。
colder
better
学情诊断·课堂测评
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2020·天津高考) I’m relieved to know that “cool” has a much _______ (broad)
definition than what I used to think.
2. Judging from the number of cars, there are not __ many people as we expected at
the party.
3. A friend is _____ (easy) lost than found.
4. Unlike my boss, I won’t buy a car __ expensive as this one.
5. The tower of London is three times the ______ (high) of the church tower.
6. The ______ (hard) you work, the better result you will get.
broader
as
easier
as
height
harder
7. 21st Century is more ____ a newspaper. Many students improve their English by
reading it.
8. I’d gladly pay twice __ much for the reference book because it is really useful to
my study.
9. Farming produced more food per person ____ hunting and gathering, so people
were able to raise more children.
10. —Are you pleased with his performance
—Well done!It couldn’t have been ______ (good).
than
as
than
better
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. A good neighbour ____________a brother in the next village.
远亲不如近邻。
2. __________the war lasts, ________the people there will suffer.
战争持续得越久, 那里的人民遭受的苦难就越多。
3. The more we get together, __________we will be.
我们越经常聚在一起, 我们越感到开心。
4. He runs __________any other boy in his class.
他在班级里比其他任何男孩跑得都快。
is better than
The longer
the more
the happier
faster than
5. Carrying goods by train costs nearly ___________________carrying them by
ship.
通过铁路运货的成本比驳船运货成本高出近3倍。
6. The air in the country is much ___________that in the city.
农村的空气要比城市的空气清新。
7. The roads here are __________those in our city.
这里的道路要比我们城市的道路宽。
three times more than
fresher than
wider than
8. His grades are getting _______________, so he is becoming ______________
___________study.
他的成绩越来越好, 所以他对学习越来越感兴趣。
9. This test takes ____________thirty minutes.
这个测验只要30分钟。
10. This street is _______________than that one.
这条街是那条街的三倍宽。
better and better
more and more
interested in
no more than
three times wider
【语法主题应用】
根据提示翻译下列语段。
随着科学技术的发展, 越来越多的(more and more)智能机器人将在未来得到广泛的应用(一般将来时的被动语态)。 在家里, 机器人将帮助人们做一些家务和照顾老人, 婴儿和病人(省略to的不定式作宾语补足语)。 机器人可以做更多任务(take more tasks), 甚至可以和人类下棋、做运动。 在工厂里, 机器人比我们更适合(will be more suitable)从事一些危险的工作。机器人将在许多方面改变我们未来的生活, 使之更加丰富多彩和舒适(more colorful and comfortable)。
________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
______________________.
With the development of science and technology, more and more intelligent
robots will be widely used in the future. At home, robots will help people do some
housework and take care of the elderly, babies and patients. Robots can take
more tasks. They will even be able to play chess and do exercise with people. In
factories, robots will be more suitable to perform some dangerous jobs than us.
Robots will change our future life in many ways, which will make it more
colorful and comfortable(共31张PPT)
十四 Module 5 Grammar
【基础全面练】
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. I think it’s too expensive. I’d like a _______(cheap) one.
2. The more difficult the problem is, ___more careful you should be.
3. The new building is three times the ______(high) of the old one.
4. The restaurant wasn’t half as good __other restaurants we had been to.
5. She looks much _____________(beautiful) without her glasses.
6. This one is the ______(big) of the two houses.
cheaper
the
height
as
more beautiful
bigger
7. My friend earned much more money ____I did last year.
8. As the winter is drawing near, it’s getting colder ____colder.
9. Life is very much _____(easy) than it was twenty years ago.
10. I try to find as much information __I can about the survey.
than
and
easier
as
Ⅱ. 单句改错
1. The more magazines you sell, the much money you will get. ( )
2. The air in Beijing is getting much clean now than a few years ago. ( )
3. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are cheaper as before. ( )
4. The driver was more than two time over the legal limit. ( )
5. —Wait until we get a satisfactory reply, will you
—I couldn’t agree much. The idea sounds great to me. ( )
much→more
clean→cleaner
as→than
time → times
much→more
6. Mr Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been
popular. ( )
7. The dining hall is three times large than that one. ( )
8. As the saying goes, the grass is green on the other side. ( )
9. George did much work than anyone else. ( )
10. The new designs are more better than the old ones. ( )
popular前面加more
large→larger
green→ greener
much →more
more →much
【综合应用练】
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
We all know that water is tasteless. But it happens from time to time: you pick up the bottle of water you didn’t finish yesterday, and it tastes strange. Most often, you tend to drop the bottle in the trash bin, believing that the water has gone bad. But is it true
According to Time, of course not, taste has little to do with quality of water.
According to Time, when water is exposed to the air for 12 hours, carbon dioxide interacts with the H2O in the water, and the PH value lowers slightly. As a result, the water has a different taste.
“But it’s most likely safe to drink, ” Norwegian expert Truls Krogh told Science Nordic. “If the water is covered and of good quality to start with, in principle it can last a thousand years. That’s because when water is fresh, it contains little organic matter(有机物质). As long as water is held in clean glasses or bottles, no polluted substances will enter it to harm our health. ”
People in countries like the US, the UK and Australia usually drink tap water. According to Time, if tap water is drunk within six months, the chlorine (氯气) in the water will be enough to kill any bacteria(细菌) and keep it safe to drink.
However, there are also some exceptions. If you accidentally put your fingers into water or store water in unclean containers, day after day, microorganism (微生物) will enter the water.
With the help of surrounding temperature, and sunlight streaming through windows, these microorganisms increase quickly. Sooner or later, the water will be in the charge of the unfriendly bacteria. And if you drink this kind of water too often, then you’re more likely to be ill.
And what about water in plastic bottles “Heat and plastic are a bad combination, ”the US researcher Kellogg Schwab says. “When plastic bottles are used at high temperatures, they produce a chemical called BPA. BPA is linked with ‘several health damage, including heart disease and cancer’, ” Time reported.
Schwab suggests replacing plastic bottles with the containers made of metal or glass to deal with BPA.
【文章大意】本文为说明文。本文就喝剩下的水是否会变坏进行了研究。研究表明没喝完的水虽然味道有点怪, 但只要水质是好的, 保存恰当不被细菌污染, 是不会变坏的。但专家建议不要用塑料杯要用金属或玻璃制品装热水。
1. The purpose of the first paragraph is to _______.
A. show an example B. draw a conclusion
C. analyze a phenomenon D. introduce a topic
【解析】选D。推理判断题。结合下文的内容可知, 写第一段的目的就是引出下文的话题, 故选D。
2. Which of the following may Truls Krogh agree
A. If the water tastes different, we shouldn’t drink it.
B. The water held in a clean container is likely safe to drink.
C. Although kept fresh, water may still have much organic matter.
D. Covered water can last for a thousand years.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段Truls Krogh的话“But it’s most likely safe to drink, ”及“As long as water is held in clean glasses or bottles, no polluted substances will enter it to harm our health. ”可知, 只要水质好, 保存在干净的容器内, 就不会有污染物, 都是安全可饮用的。故选B。
3. What can we infer from the passage
A. BPA does little harm to our health.
B. Tap water is always safe to drink.
C. Microorganisms are easy to produce in the heat.
D. Plastic bottles have been banned already.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第七段With the help of surrounding temperature, and sunlight streaming through windows, these microorganisms increase quickly. 可知, 在周围温度和阳光透过窗户的帮助下, 这些微生物迅速增加。由此可推断出, 微生物容易在高温下产生。故选C。
4. What can be the best title of the passage
A. Why Water is Tasteless
B. How to Get Clean Water
C. Does Water Really Go Bad
D. Learn to Protect Water
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。本文第一段引出问题: 昨天没有喝完的水虽然味道有点怪, 水质真的坏了吗 接着对这个问题“But is it true ”进行了大量的研究调查, 证明只要水质好, 保存在干净的容器内, 不被污染的水都是安全可饮用的。由此可推断出C项(水真的会坏吗 )符合题意, 故选C。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
(2021·绍兴高一检测)
Jenna, a popular girl from Westwood Middle School, had graduated first in her class and was ready for new 1 in high school.
2 , high school was different. In the first week, Jenna went to tryouts for cheerleaders. She was competing against very talented girls, and she knew it would be 3 for her to be selected. Two hours later, the 4 read a list of the girls for a second tryout. Her heart 5 as the list ended without her name. Feeling 6 , she walked home carrying her schoolbag full of homework.
Arriving home, she started with math. She had always been a good math student, but now she was 7 . She moved on to English and history, and was 8 to find that she didn’t have any trouble with those 9 . Feeling better, she decided not to 10 math at present.
The next day Jenna went to see Mrs Biden about being on the school 11 . Mrs Biden wasn’t as enthusiastic as Jenna. “I’m sorry, but we have enough 12 for the newspaper already. Come back next year and we’ll talk then. ” Jenna smiled 13 and left. “Why is high school so different ” she 14 .
Later in 15 class, Jenna devoted herself to figuring out the problems that had given her so much 16 . By the end of class, she understood how to get them right, As she gathered her books, Jenna decided she’d continue to try to 17 at her new school. She wasn’t sure if she’d succeed, but she knew she had to 18 . High school was just as her mom had said, “You will feel like a small fish in a big pond 19 a big fish in a small pond. The challenge is to become the 20 fish you can be. ”
1. A. processes B. decisions C. challenges D. exercises
2. A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Besides
3. A. boring B. easy C. difficult D. interesting
4. A. editor B. boss C. candidate D. judge
5. A. jumped B. stopped C. sank D. raced
6. A. awful B. strange C. happy D. lonely
7. A. struggling B. improving C. working D. complaining
8. A. ashamed B. disappointed C. confused D. relieved
9. A. homework B. books C. subjects D. objects
10. A. put up B. prepare for C. worry about D. give up
11. A. committee B. radio C. newspaper D. team
12. A. speakers B. readers C. cheerleaders D. writers
13. A. widely B. brightly C. excitedly D. weakly
14. A. added B. shouted C. sighed D. announced
15. A. physics B. history C. English D. math
16. A. pleasure B. trouble C. hope D. sorrow
17. A. fit in B. look out C. stay up D. get around
18. A. swim B. try C. ask D. escape
19. A. in return for B. in case of C. in terms of D. instead of
20. A. slimmest B. best C. weakest D. gentlest
【文章大意】本文是记叙文。本文讲述了Jenna以优异的成绩考上了高中。当她
来到高中后, 感觉很多事情都不顺利, 甚至自己曾经很擅长的数学学习方面, 也出
现了很多困难, 但是Jenna并没有放弃, 而是不断的努力尝试, 她的挑战就是成为
最好的学生。
1. 【解析】选C。根据后文“high school was different”可知Jenna进入了新的高中, 可以推断, 此处应为迎接新的挑战。最后一段最后一句“The challenge is to become”也是提示。故选C。
2. 【解析】选B。结合上下文语境, 可知为转折关系, 应用However。故选B。
3. 【解析】选C。根据上文“She was competing against very talented girls”可知, 对手是很有天赋的女孩, Jenna知道自己很难被选中。故选C
4. 【解析】选D。根据后文“read a list of the girls for a second tryout”以及常识可知, 是由裁判宣布进入下一轮选拔的名单。故选D。
5. 【解析】选C。根据后文“as the list ended without her name(名单上没有她的名字)”可知, 得知没有自己的名字, 没有进入下一轮选拔, Jenna心情沉重。sb. ’s heart sinks“心情沉重, 情绪低落”。故选C。
6. 【解析】选A。结合上文“as the list ended without her name”可知由于被淘汰了, Jenna感觉糟糕。故选A。
7. 【解析】选A。根据上文“She had always been a good math student, but now she”可知, but表示转折, 她曾经擅长数学, 但现在感觉有些吃力。故选A。
8. 【解析】选D。根据下文“that she didn’t have any trouble with those”可知Jenna在英语和历史学科上没有遇到任何问题很欣慰, 与下文的“Feeling better”呼应。故选D。
9. 【解析】选C。根据前文“English and history”可知, 此处指在这些科目上没有问题。故选C。
10. 【解析】选C。根据后文“math at present”结合后文说明第二天去校报应聘, 可知, Jenna暂时不担心她的数学了。故选C。
11. 【解析】选C。根据下文“for the newspaper already”可推知, 她找拜登太太是谈应聘校报的事。故选C。
12. 【解析】选D。结合后文“for the newspaper already”可以推断是去校报应聘, 但是撰稿作家已经够了。故选D。
13. 【解析】选D。根据上文“Come back next year and we’ll talk then(明年再来, 我们到时候再谈)”可知, Jenna被校报拒绝了, 因此只是淡淡地笑着离开了。故选D。
14. 【解析】选C。根据前文可知, Jenna数学成绩变得不好, 接着又被校报拒绝了, 可以推断, 此处为发出叹息。故选C。
15. 【解析】选D。根据后文“Jenna devoted herself to figuring out the problems that had given her”结合前文提到的Jenna数学不好, 可知, 此处为解决数学上的问题。故选D。
16. 【解析】选B。根据下文“By the end of class, she understood how to get them right. ”可知, 因为数学上有困难, 所以对Jenna来说是麻烦。故选B。
17. 【解析】选A。她解决了数学难题, 获得了信心, 所以, 当Jenna收拾课本的时候, 决心继续努力适应新的学校生活。故选A。
18. 【解析】选B。努力才会成功, 且根据“succeed”可以推断, 此处为要尝试。故选B。
19. 【解析】选D。。根据前后文语境“You will feel like a small fish in a big pond _______a big fish in a small pond. ”可知, 像大池塘里的小鱼, 而不是小池塘里的大鱼。instead of符合语境。故选D。
20. 【解析】选B。根据前文可以推断, 无论是大池塘里的小鱼, 还是小池塘里的大鱼, 都要努力成为最好的鱼。故选B。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
There is good news for those who enjoy 1. ________ (run) around in rain and don’t want to get their clothes dirtied or those who play soccer but don’t want their shirts to get soiled or wet with sweat. British scientists have created a fabric (织物)that never gets dirty or wet! The cloth 2. ________ (treat) with a special non-sticky chemical that resists oil and water. This ensures that the clothes made 3. ________ it remain clean. But the scientists are not yet ready to make public the 4. ________ (detail) information of this “miracle” chemical.
A well-known French company recently launched 5. ________ new range of jackets that have Teflon in them. Teflon is the plastic coating on non-stick cooking pans, 6. ________ has a special characteristic: No reaction to anything. As a result, dirt and water slip away from the Teflon fabric, as 7. ________ (easy) as oil slips out of a Teflon-coated pan.
American scientists have gone a step 8. ________ (far). They have added insecticide (杀虫剂) to the fabric that kills mosquitoes on contact. This new anti-mosquito fabric 9. ________ (find) immediate buyers shortly after its invention. According to reports, several mosquito net producers are planning 10. ________ (compete) with each other in the bid (投标) in order to use this new technology.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一种特殊的不粘的化学物质处理过的布料, 它能防水防油从而能使衣服保持干净。
1. 【解析】running。考查非谓语动词。句意: 对于那些喜欢在雨中跑步, 不想把衣服弄脏的人, 或者那些踢足球, 但又不想让衬衫被汗水弄脏弄湿的人来说, 这是个好消息。短语enjoy doing sth. “喜欢做某事”, 故填running。
2. 【解析】is treated。考查动词的时态和语态。句意: 这种布料是用一种特殊的不粘的化学物质处理过的, 它能防水防油。描述客观事实用一般现在时, 且主语cloth是不可数名词, 与谓语动词构成被动, 故填is treated。
3. 【解析】of。考查介词。句意: 这确保了用这种布料做的衣服能保持干净。it指代cloth, 短语made of “用……制作”, 表示能看出原材料, 故填of。
4. 【解析】detailed。考查形容词。句意: 但是科学家们还没有准备好公开这种“奇迹”化学物质的详细信息。information为名词, 需要形容词修饰, 故填detailed, 表示“详细的”。
5. 【解析】a。考查冠词。句意: 一家著名的法国公司最近推出了一系列新的含有聚四氟乙烯的夹克。短语a range of“一系列;一套”, 故填a。
6. 【解析】which。考查定语从句的连接词。句意: 聚四氟乙烯是一种不粘锅上的塑料涂层, 它有一个特殊的特点: 对任何东西都没有反应。本句为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词Teflon, 且先行词在从句中作主语, 指物, 故填关系代词which。
7. 【解析】easily。考查副词。句意: 结果, 灰尘和水从聚四氟乙烯织物上滑落, 就像油从涂有聚四氟乙烯的平底锅里滑落一样容易。修饰动词slip用副词, 故填easily。
8. 【解析】further。考查形容词比较级。句意: 美国科学家则更进一步。此处表示“(程度)更深”, 表示程度。应填further。
9. 【解析】found/has found。考查动词时态。句意: 这种新型防蚊织物发明后不久就立即找到了买主。根据句意可知应用一般过去时或现在完成时, 故填found/has found。
10. 【解析】to compete。考查非谓语动词。句意: 据报道, 几家蚊帐生产商正计划竞争投标, 以便能使用这项新技术。短语plan to do sth. “计划做某事”, 后跟不定式, 故填to compete。(共69张PPT)
Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab
Integrating Skills
基础认知·自主学习
Ⅰ. 用本模块恰当的单词补全语境
1. on the _______在天平上
2. over the Bunsen _____在本生灯的火焰上
3. the science ________科学设备
4. public science _______公共科学演讲
5. have good Physics ____________有很棒的物理系
6. the __________expression吃惊的表情
balance
flame
facilities
lectures
Departments
astonished
Ⅱ. 根据语境用恰当的词补全短语
1. The children are either reading __ doing their homework at this time.
2. There are too many people in the mall on weekends. What _____ buying online
3. Even if you are with your best friends, it’s better to keep your voice _____ in
public places.
4. Go ______ and do what you like.
5. Pete ____ to play with me as soon as he got home from school.
6. They have made real discoveries __ the area of science.
or
about
down
ahead
used
in
7. The Nobel Prize is the highest scientific prize there is, so we should be very
proud __ that.
8. Soldiers are supposed __ obey their commanding officers.
of
to
Ⅲ. 根据课文及汉语提示补全句子
1. We need a piece _________________________________(比那大得多的).
2. You’ve _____(明白)!
3. I _________________(过去从来没有喜欢过)science, but last year I changed
schools, and the science teachers at my new school are excellent.
4. The science facilities are very good, with laboratories ___________________
__________ (有所有最先进的设备).
5. I’m ________________________________________(变得对物理越来越感兴
趣), and have decided that I want to study it at university.
which is (very) much bigger than that
got it
never used to enjoy
that have all the latest
equipment
becoming more and more interested in physics
要点精研·理解应用
1. used to 过去(常常)……
*I didn’t use to like opera, but now I’m getting interested.
我过去不喜欢歌剧, 但是现在慢慢地感兴趣了。
*He is used to taking notes of everything he does.
他习惯把他所做的一切事情都记下来。
*(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
它的谷物的一个重要作用是用于饲养鸡、猪和牛。
【名师点津】“过去常常”花样多
(1)used to后跟动词原形, 表示过去的习惯动作或状态, 而现在不再那样了。
(2)used to的否定式有两种, 即used not to 和did not use to。疑问式也有两种, 即Used+主语+to do. . . 和Did+主语+use to do. . .
【巧学助记】
I used to play football on the playground, but now I am used to reading in the library and the knowledge I get can be used to equip myself. 我过去常常在操场上踢足球, 但现在我习惯在图书馆看书, 用获取的知识来武装自己。
【链高考·明考向】
(2021·天津高考) It used to be that you could drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.
以前你可能在这里开了几英里, 都没见过别人, 但现在到处都是房子和人。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①(2020·江苏高考) We used _______(think) that insects were the smallest
organisms (生物), and that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters.
②(2020·全国 Ⅰ 卷) The technology, Strano said, could one day be used _______
(light) the rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps.
to think
to light
(2)单句改错
①Her library used to being a meeting place for all who loved books and liked to
share knowledge. ( )
②He used to stay up late, but now he is used to go to bed early. ( )
being改为be
go改为going
2. in the area of 在……领域
*The new manager has lots of experience in the area of business management.
新经理在企业管理方面有丰富的经验。
*The island has an area of 7. 6 million square meters and has many holiday centers and hotels. 这座岛屿占地七百六十万平方米, 而且有许多度假中心与宾馆。
【词块积累】
area n. 领域, 方面;面积;地区
have/ cover an area of. . . 有……面积;占地……
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①Altogether, __ the area of hospitals and medicine, our country still has a lot of
problems.
②The city covers ___ area of 15 square kilometers.
(2)He earned a high reputation __________________.
他在科学领域赢得了很高的声誉。
in
an
in the area of science
3. be proud of 为……感到自豪/ 骄傲
*Chinese should be proud of our traditional culture.
中国人应该为我们的传统文化感到自豪。
*She was proud that the magazine had agreed to publish one of her stories.
那份杂志同意刊登她的一篇小说, 她很自豪。
*He always takes pride in his work. He’s really very efficient. 他总是为自己的工作感到自豪。 他的确很能干。
proud及其派生词的用法
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①We’re so proud __ her for telling the truth.
②He was proud to _________(elect)chairman of the Students’ Union.
③He takes great pride __ his children’s progress.
(2)单句改错
I promise to make my parents be pride of me in the future. ( )
of
be elected
in
pride改为proud
4. be supposed to 应当;理应
*Everyone is supposed to wear a seat-belt in the car.
在车上每个人都应该系安全带。
*He is supposed to have graduated from college two years ago. 他本该两年前大学毕业。
*The policy is perfectly clear and I see no reason to suppose that it isn’t working.
这项政策非常明了, 我看不出有何理由认为它行不通。
*Supposing (that) I were left alone on a deserted island, what would I do
如果我被孤单地遗留在荒岛上, 我怎么办
【词块积累】
(1)suppose v. 认为;料想
be supposed to do sth. 应当/理应做某事
be supposed to have done 本应该做某事 (但事实上没做)
suppose that+从句 认为/料想……;假定……
(2)supposing/suppose (that). . . 假如/假设……
【即学活用】
语法填空
(1)You’re supposed ______(ask) the teacher if you want to leave the classroom in
advance.
(2)You are not ________ (suppose) to smoke on the bus.
(3)You are supposed to ____________(finish) the work, but I haven’t seen it now.
(4)_________________ (suppose) you can’t come, who will do the work
to ask
supposed
have finished
Supposing/Suppose
5. astonished adj. 吃惊的;惊愕的
*Alice waked up and was astonished to find her lying on the ground in the garden.
爱丽丝醒了, 惊奇地发现她躺在花园的地上。
*I’m astonished that you should even think about such a thing!我真没料到你竟然会想这种事!
*We can know that the news is astonishing from his astonished look.
从他惊讶的表情我们就知道这个消息是惊人的。
*To our astonishment, they arrived on time on such a rainy night.
使我们惊讶的是, 在如此的雨夜他们仍准时到了。
【巧学助记】一句识惊奇
To our astonishment, our teacher stepped into the classroom with an astonished look and told us the astonishing news, which rather astonished us.
使我们感到吃惊的是, 老师带着吃惊的表情走进教室, 告诉我们这个令人吃惊的消息, 这让我们深感震惊。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①We were quite __________ (astonish) at the rapid progress he had made.
②To my ____________(astonish), my car was gone.
(2)单句改错
①What brought about this astonished change in me ( )
②We were astonishing to hear what had happened. ( )
astonished
astonishment
astonished→astonishing
astonishing→astonished
6. It’s your turn means you’re next.
“It’s your turn”意思是“轮到你了”。
【句式解构】
(1)It’s one’s turn to do sth. 表示“轮到某人做某事了”。
(2)turn为名词, 意为“(轮到的)机会”, 通常用单数。
*It’s your turn to take out the rubbish.
轮到你倒垃圾了。
*The two sisters took care of their sick mother by turns/ in turn. 两姐妹轮流照顾她们生病的母亲。
*Let us take turns to clean the room.
让我们轮流打扫这个房间吧。
【词块积累】
turn n. 次序
【即学活用】
语法填空
(1)Please wait until it is your turn ___________(serve).
(2)The students clean the blackboard __ turn.
(3)We sit in front of the fire and sing songs by _____ (turn).
(4)You can’t both use the bikes at once. You’ll have to take _____ (turn).
to be served
in
turns
turns
7. In the last twenty years, seven Canadian scientists have won the Nobel Prize!在过去的二十年中, 七位加拿大科学家赢得了诺贝尔奖!
【句式解构】
(1)短语in the last twenty years与现在完成时连用。
(2)“in/over/during the last/past+一段时间”意为“在过去的一段时间里”。
*The city’s population has exploded in the last few years.
在过去的几年里, 这个城市的人口急剧增加。
*You’ve really worked hard in the past few days.
你们这几天工作真够辛苦的。
*Over the past 20 years, I have watched The Lion King for more than a dozen times.
在过去的20年里, 《狮子王》我已经看了十几遍了。
*We were not quite clear about this question in the past.
我们过去对这个问题的认识不是十分清楚。
【名师点津】“过去”与时态
(1)“in/ over/ during the last/ past + 一段时间”意为“在过去的一段时间里”, 通常与现在完成时连用。
(2)in the past“在过去”, 与一般过去时连用。
【即学活用】
语法填空
(1)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ) Corn production __________(jump) nearly 125 percent over
the past 25 years.
(2)In the past, we ____(take) a picture together on the first snow every winter.
(3)My wife and I _________(use) TV Ears almost daily in the past two years.
(4)In the last few years, China _________(make) great achievements in
environmental protection.
has jumped
took
have used
has made
8. I’m going to try to go to either Montreal or Ottawa University, as both are supposed to have good Physics Departments. 我打算努力上蒙特利尔或渥太华大学, 因为这两者应该有很好的物理系。
【句式解构】
either. . . or. . . 意为“要么……要么……;或者……或者……”, 是并列连词词组, 在句中可连接并列主语、谓语、宾语或表语、状语, 也可连接并列分句。
*We can finish the work either this week or next week.
不是这星期就是下星期我们就可以完成这项工作。
* You must either go at once or wait till tomorrow.
你要么马上走, 要么等到明天。
*(2018·江苏高考)It had also given me a choice, either to leave that page blank or to keep writing the story with hope. 它也给我一个选择, 要么留下那页空白, 要么带着希望继续写这个故事。
*Either you’ll leave this house or I’ll call the police.
你要是不离开这座房子, 我就叫警察来。
【名师点津】either. . . or. . . 的主谓一致原则
(1)either. . . or. . . 连接并列主语时, 谓语的单复数要遵循“就近原则”。
(2)遵循“就近原则”的并列连词还有: neither. . . nor. . . 既不……也不……;not. . . but. . . 不是……而是……;not only. . . but also. . . 不仅……而且……;. . . or. . .
……或者……。
【即学活用】语法填空
(1)(2018·江苏高考)They should either monitor their websites better so that children
do not sign up too early, __ they should adjust their websites to the needs of
younger users.
(2)Either he or you ___ (be) right.
(3)Neither he nor she __ (be) at home today.
(4)Not only his parents but also he himself ____ (like) this girl.
or
are
is
likes
【要点拾遗】
1. balance n. 天平
*Great care must be taken in the use of the balance.
这种天平使用时必须十分小心。
*The sea runs so high that it was hard to keep your balance. 海上波涛汹涌, 很难保持身体平衡。
*She nearly lost her balance as the bus suddenly moved forward. 公共汽车突然向前移动, 她差一点失去平衡。
*The blow was hard enough to knock him off balance.
这一拳力量很大, 足以使他失去平衡。
*Out of balance, little Kate fell in the snow.
小凯特没站稳, 摔倒在雪地上。
*(2019·天津高考)These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance.
这些行为极大地影响了生态平衡。
【巧学助记】图解balance
【即学活用】
语法填空
(1)People have learnt the importance of keeping a ________ (balance) diet to keep
fit.
(2)The girl lost ___ balance and fell off the balance beam.
(3)___ balance, I think we made the right decision.
balanced
her
On
2. go ahead 开始;进行
*“Could I talk with you about your husband” “Sure, go ahead. ”
“我能和你谈谈你的丈夫吗 ”“当然, 说吧。”
*The sports meeting will be going ahead as scheduled, no matter what the weather is like.
不管天气如何, 运动会都将如期举行。
*Don’t be bothered;just go ahead with your work.
不要受干扰, 你们只管干你们的活。
(2019·天津高考)Those who tend to think back can hardly go ahead.
那些总是回想过去的人几乎不能前进。
【词块积累】
(1)表示允许某人继续说、继续做某事。
(2)表示(人)开始做、开始执行。常构成go ahead with sth. 。
(3)表示(事件、活动)发生、进行。
(4)本义, go作动词, ahead作副词, 意为: 前进;走在前面;提前走。
【即学活用】
(1)介、副词填空
①I doubted it, but let him go ______, for I had nothing to lose.
②Although many people are against it, the boss has decided to go ahead ____ the
plan.
ahead
with
(2)翻译句子
①I suggest we go ahead with the experiment and see what will happen.
________________________________
②You go ahead and I’ll join you shortly.
___________________
我建议我们继续实验, 看看会发生什么。
你先走, 我一会儿就来。
3. keep. . . down 压制
* Keep your voice down or the sleeping dogs will wake up. 小点声, 否则那些睡着的狗会被惊醒的。
*He keeps his head down as his mother blames him.
他母亲谴责他时, 他始终低着头。
*He couldn’t keep down his anger.
他无法控制怒气。
*Embarrassment has kept me from doing all sorts of things. 我总是害怕受窘, 什么事都不敢去做。
*The girls had to run to keep up with the boys.
这些女孩子不得不加快脚步以赶上男孩子们。
【即学活用】
介、副词填空
(1)She is managing to keep _____ her spending.
(2)Keep away _____ the scene of the accident.
(3)We should keep children _____ playing games too much.
(4)(2020·天津高考) I probably would have continued trying to ____________him
for the rest of my high school career, but when my family moved, everything
changed.
down
from
from
keep up with
4. These are always very interesting, as the lecturers are people who have made real discoveries in their area of science.
这些讲座总是很有趣, 因为主讲者都是那些在他们的科学领域有过真正发现的人。
【句式解构】
*We asked Philip to go with us, as he knew the road.
我们叫菲利普一起去, 因为他认识路。
* (2021·天津高考) As working from home becomes increasingly common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career.
随着在家工作变得越来越普遍, 人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易。
*Try as she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.
无论休怎样努力, 她就是打不开门。
*We’d better leave things as they are until the police arrive.
在警察到来以前, 我们最好什么也别动。
【名师点津】as作连词引导从句小结
(1)as引导原因状语从句, 语气较弱。
(2)as引导时间状语从句, 强调从句中的动作和主句的动作同时进行, 可译为“随着, 一边……一边”。
(3)as引导让步状语从句, 意为“尽管”, 可以将从句中的表语或状语提到as之前。
(4)as引导方式状语从句, 意为“像;按照”。
【知识延伸】
as可以引导非限制性定语从句, 修饰整个主句, 译为“正如”。
As you can see, we’re still working.
如你所见, 我们仍在工作。
【即学活用】翻译黑体部分
(1)Child as he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. ( )
(2)As time passed, things seemed to get better. ( )
(3)As it was getting dark, we soon turned back. ( )
(4)Leave them as they are. ( )
尽管
随着
因为, 由于
按照
学情诊断·课堂测评
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. Professor Li gave a very interesting ______ (演讲) on art yesterday.
2. Her __________ (惊讶的) expression suggested that she hadn’t expected that
result.
3. We need to consider how many ________ (设备) we will use for physical training.
4. It’s been dry for so long that the forest could burst into _______(火焰) at any
moment.
5. I had learned in the __________ (系) of English for four years before I graduated.
lecture
astonished
facilities
flame(s)
department
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. We need to keep our costs _____ if we want to go through the economic crisis.
2. You may do these exercises either in class __ after class, but you must.
3. The doctors were astonished _____ the speed of her recovery.
4. Garbage sorting must be part of a ________ (balance) solution to reducing
pollution.
5. Maybe the person who was supposed ______(ask) your question quit at the
meeting.
down
or
at/by
balanced
to ask
6. She used ______(live) in the city but now she finds herself used to _____(live) in
the country.
7. We usually take turns _____(do)the cleaning, and today it is my turn.
8. He is proud __ his wife’s achievements.
9. —May I ask you a question
—Yes, go ______.
10. With hard work and determination you can get through your online school with
a degree __ the area of your choice.
to live
living
to do
of
ahead
in
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. _________________a story.
轮到你讲故事了。
2. —We’re going out this weekend but I don’t know ________________________
just have fun here.
——这个周末我们要出去, 但是我不知道是开车去远方还是在这里玩。
— ________________to the museum in our city It’s just been rebuilt.
——去我们城市的博物馆怎么样 它刚被重建。
It’s your turn to tell
whether to drive faraway or
What about going
3. ___________________to design the blackboard newspaper for New Year’s Day.
You both are the best painters in our class.
不是你就是琳达为元旦设计黑板报。你们俩是我们班最好的画家。
4. __________________, I turned around to start for home. 天越来越晚, 于是我掉
头回家。
5. I __________________2, 000 English words during the last three years.
在过去三年中, 我已学了两千个英语单词。
Either you or Linda is
As it was getting late
have learned/ learnt
Ⅳ. 课文语法填空
I never used 1. _______(enjoy) science, but I like science now because last
year I changed schools. At my new school the science 2. ________ (facility) are
very good, and labs have all the 3. _____ (late) equipment. Our chemistry teacher
takes us to public science lectures, 4. ______ are interesting, as the lecturers are
people who have made real discoveries 5. __ their area of science. In the last twenty
years, seven Canadian scientists 6. _________(win) the Nobel Prize, and we are
proud 7. __ that.
to enjoy
facilities
latest
which
in
have won
of
I’m going to either Montreal 8. __ Ottawa University, as both are supposed
9. _______(have) good Physics Departments. My parents are 10. __________
(astonish) because they thought I would become an English teacher.
or
to have
astonished
如何写科学实验报告
【文体感知】
文体特点
实验报告是把实验目的、方法、过程、结果等记录下来, 经过整理写成的书面汇总材料。实验报告要明确体现实验目的、步骤和结果, 对具体实验现象的描述要客观准确, 分析要全面具体, 语言要简洁质朴、通俗易懂。
写作精析·技能提升
【实践应用】
英语课堂上, 老师让大家写一篇英语实验报告。请根据以下要点, 完成此项任务。
实验目的: 验证冰在融化后体积是否变化。
实验器材: 一个玻璃杯、一块冰、一些水。
实验步骤: 把冰放在玻璃杯中, 杯中倒满水, 让冰浮在水上面;等待几分钟直到冰融化, 观察是否有水从杯子里流出或杯子里的水是否有所减少。
实验结论: 水并没有从杯子里流出反而有所减少, 故冰在融化后体积减小。
注意: 词数100个左右, 可适当增加细节。
词汇: 体积volume; 减小decrease
【谋篇立意】
【遣词造句】
1. 完成句子
(1)在杯子里放上冰。
Put the ice __________.
(2)杯子里放满水。
Fill the glass __________.
(3)冰会浮在水上。
The ice will _______________.
in the glass
with water
float in the water
(4)水的体积减小。
The volume of water _________.
(5)冰融化了。
The ice _____.
2. 句式升级
(6)用and合并(2)、(3)句。
___________________________________________________
(7)用when引导的时间状语从句合并(4)、(5)句。
___________________________________________
decreases
melts
Fill the glass with water, and the ice will float in the water.
The volume of water decreases when the ice melts.
【完美成篇】
__________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________
________________________________
______________________________________________________
___________________________________
__________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Aim: To find out whether the volume of ice changes when it melts.
Apparatus: A glass, a piece of ice and some water.
Method: (1)Put the ice in the glass.
(2)Fill the glass with water, and the ice will float in the water.
(3)Wait a few minutes till the ice melts.
Result: The volume of water decreases when the ice melts.
Conclusion: The volume of ice does not increase but decrease when it melts.
【话题拓展】
1. 话题词汇
①do/carry out/conduct an experiment 做实验
②aim 目的;目标
③apparatus 器材
④method 方法
⑤stage 阶段
⑥result 结果
⑦draw/come to a conclusion 得出结论
2. 话题句式
(1)描述实验目的、器材、结果、结论:
①The aim of the experiment is to find out the temperature and what happens when water is boiling.
实验的目的是观察水沸腾时的温度和现象。
②To do the experiment, you need the following apparatus: a beaker, a thermometer, an alcohol lamp and matches.
为了做实验, 你需要下列器材: 一个烧杯、一个温度计、一个酒精灯和火柴。
③Some time later, bubbles begin to appear when the temperature reaches 100℃.
一段时间之后, 温度到达100℃时开始出现气泡。
(2)描述实验步骤:
①First, fill the beaker with about 100g of water.
第一, 在烧杯里盛100g左右的水。
②Then, put a thermometer in the water.
然后, 在水中放入温度计。
③Next, heat the water in the beaker and watch the readings of the thermometer. 接下来, 加热烧杯中的水, 并观察温度计的读数。
④Finally, write down the temperature when bubbles begin to appear.
最后, 气泡开始出现时记下温度。(共30张PPT)
十五 Module 5 Integrating Skills
【基础全面练】
Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. The hotel has its own pool and leisure(休闲) ________(facility).
2. They looked __________(astonish) when I dropped out of school to start my own
business.
3. She’s a brilliant _______(lecture) at Edinburgh University.
4. I am ______(pride) to be a member of this organization.
5. It is hard to live a ________(balance) life if you always work overtime.
facilities
astonished
lecturer
proud
balanced
6. Eating some _______(steam) potatoes or baked potatoes at night will not increase
your weight.
7. The college years are ________(suppose) to be a time for important growth in
independence.
8. His _____(late) film is one of the funniest films he’s ever made.
steamed
supposed
latest
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. Everyone is ______________________, but none of them are looking at me.
人们或者聊天或者喝酒, 但是没有一个人看我。
2. He told a story ____________________.
他讲了一个使我们深受感动的故事。
3. ___________booking a restaurant and treating staff to a nice dinner at the end of
the year
年末订个饭店, 请大家吃顿好饭怎么样
either talking or drinking
which moved us deeply
What about
4. You _________right, and you should believe in him.
你已经正确理解了, 你应该信任他。
5. I _________________and take an hour’s walk before breakfast.
我过去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小时。
have got it
used to get up early
单句语法填空
1. The villagers used _______(climb) up to the mountain to collect herbal
medicine.
2. We are proud __our success and hopeful for the future.
3. Either he could not come __he did not want to.
4. I was supposed to _________(see) her off, but I was busy with my work and
forgot it.
5. There have been great improvements in the area __health and education in China
these days.
6. To our ____________ (astonish), he made such great mistakes.
to climb
of
or
have seen
of
astonishment
7. Hurry up to change your clothes; it’s your turn __________(performance) in ten
minutes.
8. If you insist on leaving now, please go ______.
9. Insects play an important part in keeping _____garden pests.
10. In the last three days, we ____________(finish) all the tasks.
to perform
ahead
down
have finished
【综合应用练】
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2021·徐州高一检测)
Green living has become more important than ever and as time goes by, it will only become a more important issue. While it used to be a matter of making an extra effort to save energy and reduce waste in our homes, this has extended to the professional side of things since. Public buildings, such as schools, hospitals and offices, are under an increasing amount of pressure to make the change and go green, even if it’s just a step-by-step process that takes a few years to complete.
There are plenty of reasons for offices to go green and these reasons go beyond the concept that it should be done just for the sake of the environment. While the environment is unbelievably important and vital to our survival and quality of life, sustainable(可持续的) office design can also have positive impacts upon employees and people using the building.
For example, a report carried out last September revealed that the way an office is designed can significantly impact on the health of the staff there. It was also found to have an effect on productivity and could be a contributory(起作用的)factor to the amount of sick leave and staff turnaround within the business. It’s fascinating to think that people can be so sensitive to their environments but it also makes a lot of sense. Even the choice of colour in your office can negatively or positively affect the people working there.
Based on this study, it is clear that companies should be making more efforts to improve on the office design while making sure the environment is sustainable and green. There are various little changes that can be made to lead to something bigger, from making sure the lights are turned off at night to recycling the paper your company gets through on a weekly basis. Once these changes are in place, you can start looking at the bigger picture and begin complete changes to design and construction, like having wood fibre insulation(绝缘)fitted.
Along with other sustainable features, insulation can be beneficial in various ways. Not only will an insulated office space be environmentally sound by helping you to keep warm in the winter and cool in the summer, reducing the reliance on the thermostat(恒温器) and central heating and saving money, but it can also be an effective form of sound absorption. The study revealed that noise is a contributory factor to productivity problems, and if you work in a particularly busy area, then noise can become a real issue. The aim is to create an environment that is comfortable and calm enough for people to concentrate and work productively. Soundproof walls are an effective and environmentally friendly solution.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。本文主要论述“绿色”生活方式越来越重要了, “绿色化”公共场合不仅仅省钱, 而且还有其他许多好处。
1. What is the author’s argument in the passage
A. Green living can help to save energy.
B. Public building should go green.
C. Green living still has a long way to go.
D. It is important to lead a green life.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。本文是一篇议论文, 其论点是在文章的首段最后一句(学校、医院和办公室等公共建筑正承受着越来越大的压力, 需要做出改变, 走向绿色)”, 据此, 我们可以看出, 其论点就是公共场合“绿色化”。故选B。
2. The author mentioned the report carried out last year for the purpose of _______.
A. showing us how to design an office
B. telling us the side effects of green living
C. improving the productivity of office workers
D. proving the benefits of green office design
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“sustainable office design can also have positive impacts upon employees and people using the building”可知, 作者提到“可持续办公设计也可以对员工和使用大楼的人产生积极的影响”, 接着第三段举这个调查报告的例子, 提到“报告显示办公室的设计方式会对那里的员工的健康产生重大影响”, 所以作者提到调查报告的目的是支持自己的论点, 证明绿色办公环境设计的好处。故选D。
3. According to the author, what is necessary for companies to do
A. Allow enough sick leave to their employees.
B. Paint all the walls of their offices green.
C. Make some improvements to their office design.
D. Make their staff more productive than before.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段的首句“根据这项研究, 很明显, 企业在确保环境的可持续和绿色发展的同时, 应该更努力改善办公室设计”可知, 在作者看来, 公司很有必要对办公室的设计作一些改善。故选C。
4. The last paragraph mainly tells us about _______.
A. the benefits of insulation to offices
B. how to keep an office’s temperature constant
C. the advantages of living a green life in the city
D. how to make staff work comfortably and effectively
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。最后一段首句“Along with other sustainable features, insulation can be beneficial in various ways. (和其他可持续发展的特点一样, 隔断在很多方面都是有益的)”为主题句, 接着具体讲述隔热、隔音设计对于办公室的种种好处。故选A。
B
A food additive (添加剂) is any substance that is added to food. Many people are put off by the idea of “chemicals in food”. The truth is that all food is made up of chemicals. Natural substances like milk, as well as man-made ones like drinks on sale in the market, can be described by chemical substances. Some chemical substances are indeed harmful, but a person who refused to consume any chemicals would find nothing to eat.
The things we eat can be divided into natural and man-made substances. Some people feel that only natural foods are healthy and that all man-made substances are to be avoided. But many natural chemicals, found in plants and animals, are harmful when eaten, and some laboratory-made substances increase the nutritional(营养的) value of food. Other chemicals have natural and man-made forms that are exactly alike: vitamin C is vitamin C, whether it comes from a test tube or from an orange. Like “chemical”, “man-made” doesn’t necessarily mean “not fit to eat”.
Food additives are used for many reasons. We add sugar and salt and other things to foods we prepare at home to make them taste better. Food producers have developed a lot of additives that thicken, harden, keep wet, keep firm, or improve the appearance of their products. Additives can make food more convenient or nutritious, give it a longer shelf life, and make it more attractive to the consumer, thus increasing the sales and profits of the producers.
Food additives are presently the centre of a storm of serious argument. Food producers have been known to use additives that have not been proved safe; some substances in common use have been proved unsafe and have been taken off the market. Many people feel there’s a risk of eating food to which anything has been added. But food additives are now regulated by the FDA of the federal government, and new additives will go through strict testing before they can be placed on the market. For most people, the chances of developing serious side effects from the long-term use of presently approved (批准) food additives are very small.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了食物添加剂的种类及作用, 人们对食物添加剂的担忧以及联邦政府为保证食物添加剂的安全所做的努力。
5. From the passage we can learn that _______.
A. natural foods are much safer than man-made ones
B. it is right to refuse chemicals in food
C. food additives are harmful to our health
D. all foods have chemical substances
【解析】选D。 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句The truth is that all food is made up of chemicals. 和最后一句Some chemical substances are indeed harmful, but a person who refused to consume any chemicals would find nothing to eat. 可知现在所有食物都含有添加剂, 如果一个人拒绝食用任何形式的添加剂, 他会发现自己没有东西吃。也就是说所有食物都有化学添加剂。故D项正确。
6. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. Food additives can improve the quality of foods in many ways.
B. To ensure food safety, the FDA will stop food additives.
C. Foods free of additives can keep a much longer shelf life.
D. Foods with more additives have higher nutritional value.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段后三句We add sugar and salt and other things to foods we prepare at home to make them taste better. Food producers have developed a lot of additives that thicken, harden, keep wet, keep firm, or improve the appearance of their products. Additives can make food more convenient or nutritious, give it a longer shelf life, and make it more attractive to the consumer, thus increasing the sales and profits of the producers. 可知添加剂让食物的味道更好, 可以提高产品的外形, 更吸引消费者, 让食物更方便、更有营养。这说明添加剂可以在很多方面提高食物的品质。故A项正确。
7. We can infer from the regulation to the food additives by the FDA that _______.
A. new additives will be approved more easily than before
B. food with common-used additives will be taken off the market
C. food additives will be used in a safer and more scientific way
D. food producers won’t be allowed to use new food additives
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章最后两句But food additives are now regulated by the FDA of the federal government, and new additives will go through strict testing before they can be placed on the market. For most people, the chances of developing serious side effects from the long-term use of presently approved food additives are very small. 可知食物添加剂受到联邦政府的严格控制并经过严格的测试, 对人的副作用会很小。故C项正确。
8. According to the writer, the food additive is _______.
A. worrying B. acceptable
C. poisonous D. avoidable
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段前两句可知人们对食物添加剂有很多担心, 但是根据最后两句可知食物添加剂受到联邦政府的严格控制并经过严格的测试, 对人的副作用会很小。也就是说作者认为食物添加剂还是可以接受的。故B项正确。
Ⅱ. 短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Today we had a chemistry test. I found the test difficulty, but I tried hardly to do it. Suddenly Mary, my best friend, asks me to let her to copy my answers. After think for some time, I let her copy my answers. But after the test, all of us were called to the teacher’s office. The teacher was angrily because we had same answers in the test. We were warned not to cheat again so she would need to see our parents. I was very upset. I didn’t cheat. I was just helping a friend. How did she punish me
1. 【解析】第二句中的difficulty→difficult。此句为“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构, 宾语补足语用形容词。
2. 【解析】第二句中的hardly→hard。hard努力地。
3. 【解析】第三句中的asks→asked。根据语境可知用一般过去时。
4. 【解析】第三句中去掉 copy前的 to。let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事。
5. 【解析】第四句中的think→thinking。After在这里为介词, 其后接名词或动名词。
6. 【解析】第五句中的all→both。表示“两个人都”用both。
7. 【解析】第六句中的angrily→angry。此句为“主系表”结构, 形容词作表语。
8. 【解析】第六句中的same前加 the。the same answers相同的答案。
9. 【解析】第七句中的so→or。用or“否则”符合逻辑关系。
10. 【解析】第十一句中的How→Why。她为什么惩罚我呢 (共99张PPT)
Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab
Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary
核心脉图·目标导引
基础认知·自主学习
Ⅰ. 用本模块恰当的词语补全语境
1. a clear yellow ______ 一种透明淡黄色的液体
2. Metals _______with heat. 金属遇热膨胀。
3. Earthworms can ________. 蚯蚓能收缩。
4. a _______of iron and other __________ 铁和其他物质的混合物
5. a few experiments on _________ 几个电学实验
6. the ______of a scientific experiment 科学实验的阶段
7. come to a __________ 得到结论
8. achieve the ____ 达到目标
liquid
expand
contract
mixture
substances
electricity
stages
conclusion
aim
9. the _______ of metals with _______ 金属和氧气的反应
10. __________________ 电气设备
11. _____ with different substances和不同物质反应
12. ______ reaction 部分反应
13. ____ the water 把水煮沸
14. ________ water 普通水
15. _____ an oxide 形成一种氧化物
reaction
oxygen
electrical equipment
react
partial
boil
ordinary
form
Ⅱ. 根据语境写出黑体部分的汉语意思
1. Add some oil to the water. ( )
2. This will keep air out of the water. ( )
3. The reaction of metals with these substances can be put in order. ( )
4. Think of yourself as working for yourself, not for the company. ( )
5. The ship sank and many treasures on it were buried at the bottom of the sea.
( )
把……加入……
使……不进入……
按顺序排列
想象
在……底部
Ⅲ. 根据课文及汉语提示补全句子
1. The earth is _______________________(四十九倍大) the moon.
2. Different metals ________________(有不同的用途), for example, steel ______
__ (用于) cars.
3. _____________(这里是一个表格) with the metals that react most at the top, and
the metals that react least at the bottom.
forty-nine times as large as
have different uses
is used
in
Here is a table
1. 名词后缀-ment, 例如: equip + -ment → equipment设备;装备
develop→___________发展 employ→___________就业
establish→____________建设 agree→_________协议
2. “at the +名词+of”构成的短语, 常在句中作状语。例如: at the bottom of在……
底部
at the ___ of 在……岁时 at the _________ of 在……开始时
at the ____ of 以……为代价 at the _____ of 一看到……就
development
employment
establishment
agreement
age
beginning
cost
sight
语篇精读·合作探究
Task 1 框架宏观建构: 整体理解
Task 2 文本微观剖析: 细节探究
1. 根据文章细节信息完成下列问题。
(1)The first sentence “It is hard to think of a world without metals. ” will make us think _______.
A. metals make up the world
B. metals play a greatly important role in the world
C. there would be no world if there were no metals
D. it is difficult for us to live in the world of metals
(2)Which of the following metals reacts the most with water
A. Copper. B. Iron.
C. Aluminium. D. Sodium.
(3)How to prevent air from water
A. Boil the water for a long time.
B. Make the tube full of water.
C. Pour the water into the glass and cover it.
D. Put some oil into the water.
答案: (1)~(3)BDD
2. 根据文章内容完成空格。
The Reaction of Metals
The importance
of metals and
the reaction of
metals with
water and
oxygen Metals are very important in the world and have different
uses, for example, iron is used in electrical (1)__________.
They (2)_____ with different (3)__________. The (4)_______
of metals with water and oxygen can be put in (5)_____.
Among common metals, potassium is at the (6)___ because
it reacts most and copper is at the (7)_______ because it
reacts least.
equipment
react
substances
reaction
order
top
bottom
The Reaction of Metals
A simple
scientific
experiment that
shows how iron
reacts with air
and with water The (8)____ of the experiment is to find out if iron (9)_____
in dry air, in air-free water and in (10)________ water. The
conclusion of the experiment is that iron doesn’t rust in dry
air and air-free water, but rusts in ordinary water.
aim
rusts
ordinary
3. 运用语句知识解构课文中的长难句。
(1)
译文: _______________, 要了解金属和不同的物质, 例如与水和氧气如何发生反
应, 这一点很重要。
当我们使用金属时
(2)
译文: _____________, 反应最强的金属在顶部, 反应最弱的金属在底部。
这里是一个表格
Task 3 阅读思维升华: 主题实践
1. 结合课文主题, 回答下列问题。
(1)Do you think metals are important in the world Why
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_______
Yes, I think so. Because metals have many important uses in our daily life. For
example, steel is used in cars and iron is used in electrical equipment. Sodium
exists in salt we need every day and our body needs calcium, iron and other
metals.
(2)In your daily life, to make iron nails not rust, what can you do
①_______________________________________________________________
______________
②________________________________________________________________
__________
I can put them in dry air or air-free water and make them avoid touching
ordinary water.
Besides, I even put some oil on their surface to keep the air or water away
from them.
2. 根据提示, 运用本模块词汇与句型完成短文。
(1)为了了解一些金属和水及氧气的反应(react with), 我研究了一个表格, 表格中这些反应(reaction)按强弱顺序排列(put. . . in order), 发现钾排在顶部(at the top), 而铜排在底部(at the bottom)。
(2)我还从一个科学实验中得出结论: 铁在干燥的空气和没有空气的水中不生锈(rust), 但在普通的(ordinary)水中生锈。
___________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________
In order to learn about how some metals react with water and oxygen, I have
studied a table in which the metals are put in order according to the degree of
reaction and found that potassium is at the top and copper is at the bottom.
I also draw a conclusion from a scientific experiment that iron does not rust in dry
air or air-free water, but rusts in ordinary water.
要点精研·理解应用
1. aim n. 目的;目标
*Now we have to take aim at the problem and try to get it solved. 现在我们不得不正视这个难题并努力解决它。
*The programme aims to provide free treatment for old people suffering from eye disease.
该计划旨在为患眼病的老年人提供免费治疗。
*This dictionary aims at explaining the most common mistakes in word use.
这本词典旨在说明用词上最常见的错误。
【词块积累】
【巧学助记】 “瞄准”目标
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①The hunter took aim __ the rabbit and fired.
②In the newspaper of our school there is a column called “Foreign Cultures”,
aiming ___________(introduce) foreign customs and the life of high school
students.
③A bill ______(aim) at controlling house prices was passed at the meeting.
at
to introduce
aimed
(2)单句改错
①The visit was aimed for expanding relations between the two countries.
( )
②We aim to finishing the work by Friday. ( )
for改为at
finishing改为finish或to改为at
2. equipment n. 设备;装备
*How about a gift that will add to her collection, or a piece of equipment to help with her hobby
送一件礼物来增加她的收藏, 或者买一件设备来帮助她培养兴趣, 怎么样
*The new factory was equipped with the latest machinery.
那家新工厂安装了最新的机器设备。
【名师点津】
equipment为不可数名词, 不和不定冠词连用, 也无复数形式, 通常借助于量词来表示数量关系, 如a set of equipment一套设备;a piece of/an article of equipment一件设备。
【链高考·明考向】
(2021·天津高考) We provide full furnishings, like donated kitchen equipment and furniture items.
我们提供全套家具, 比如捐赠的厨房设备和家具。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①A computer is the most important piece of __________ (equip) you will buy.
②The kids equip themselves ____ helmets and knee pads before learning to ride a
bike.
(2)单句改错
You must carry the necessary equipments with you when going out.
( )
equipment
with
equipments改为equipment
3. react vi. (化学)反应
*Many chemical substances react with oxygen.
许多化学物质与氧发生反应。
*(2019·浙江高考)They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music.
他们不确定美国人对这种新型音乐会有什么反应。
*He reacted angrily to the suggestion that he had lied.
有人暗示他说谎, 他非常生气。
*Most people’s reaction to that question is that we are probably not helping enough.
许多人对那个问题的反应是我们可能帮得不够。
【即学活用】
(1)介词填空
①The water was reacting ____ the iron in the tank.
②Children prefer to react _______ their parents by going against their wishes.
③He couldn’t even begin to think how she would react __ his secret.
(2)Gases buried deep in the Earth can also escape to the surface, where they _____
____ (与……发生反应) oxygen.
with
against
to
react
with
4. put. . . in order 把……按顺序排列
*All goods should be put in order on the shelves before the supermarket opens.
超市开门前, 所有的货物都必须整齐地排列在货架上。
*He keeps playing with the radio;he is sure to put it out of order.
他老是摆弄收音机, 一定会把它弄坏的。
*Some teachers find it difficult to keep their classes in order.
有些教师觉得课堂秩序很难维持。
*Write down the qualities you’d like to have in order of priority.
按照优先次序写下你想具有的品质。
【即学活用】
(1)My boss prefers to have his affairs _______(井然有序) before he leaves on
vacation.
(2)Things have to _____________(按顺序整理好) before our mother comes back
home.
(3)I couldn’t get through to him because his telephone was ___________now and
then.
我打不通他的电话, 因为他的电话时不时出故障。
in order
be put in order
out of order
5. add. . . to. . . 往……加入……
*Make sure you add milk to the mixture to make it delicious.
确保在混合物中加入牛奶, 使它美味可口。
*I don’t want to add to your trouble.
我不想给你增加麻烦。
*Don’t ask me to add up the bill; maths isn’t my strong point.
别叫我算账单, 我的数学可不怎么样。
*The cost of two trips added up to 1, 000 dollars.
两次旅行的费用总计达1 000美元。
【巧学助记】 看图记add
【链高考·明考向】
*(2021·天津高考) She added that she had a line of staff at her door wanting to take the training.
她补充说, 有一队员工在她门口等着接受培训。
*(2021·天津高考)Knowing a little about a lot of things that interest you can add to the richness of a whole, well-lived life.
了解一些你感兴趣的事情, 使你整个生活丰富多彩。
【小词汇·大文化】
The flame runs high when everyone adds wood to the fire. 众人拾柴火焰高。(启示我们团结就是力量)
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) After that, not only did he sell popcorn, but he also
added cream and salt __ the popcorn to make it taste better.
②At the exits polite assistants will take the goods and add ___ the cost.
③I should add ____ I am not happy about this decision.
(2)单句改错
As is known to all, good friends add happiness and value into life. ( )
to
up
that
into改为to
6. Two-thirds of the earth’s surface is water. 地球表面的三分之二是水。
【句式解构】
(1)本句为简单句, 主语为Two-thirds of the earth’s surface, 谓语用单数形式。
(2)“分数或百分数+of+名词”作主语时, 谓语与of后的名词保持数的一致: 名词为单数或不可数名词时, 谓语用单数;名词为复数名词时, 谓语用复数。
*Two-thirds of the continent was covered by ice before the last Ice Age.
该大陆的三分之二在上个冰河时代之前被冰覆盖。
*Three-fourths of the teachers in this school are women teachers.
这个学校的四分之三的教师是女教师。
*(2020·全国Ⅱ卷) It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western
countries are using emojis at work.
据报道, 在一些西方国家, 76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号。
【名师点津】分数的表达
分子基数词, 分母序数词, 分子大于“1”, 分母加“-s”。若是“ ”和“ ”, 可分
别用a half和a quarter表达。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①About 60 percent of the workers in this company ___ (be)young people.
②One-fifth of the water ______(come) from the underground.
(2)单句改错
One-third of the books is worth reading. ( )
are
comes
is→are
7. It is hard to think of a world without metals.
很难想象一个没有金属的世界。
【句式解构】
(1)本句句式为: It is+adj. +to do sth. 。句式中it为形式主语, 动词不定式短语to do sth. 为真正的主语。
*It is easy to be wise after the event.
事后诸葛亮人人会做。
(2)句式的变式为: It is+adj. +for sb. +to do sth.
It is+adj. +of sb. +to do sth.
* (2020·全国Ⅱ卷) He says it’s not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it.
他说, 说服人们海狸鼠皮毛是环保的不容易, 但是他坚信人们会相信的。
*It was polite of him to give his seat to an old man on the bus.
他很有礼貌, 在公共汽车上把座位让给一位老年人。
【名师点津】介词不同意不同
(1)It is+adj. +for sb. +to do sth. 此结构中的形容词常见的有: easy, important, difficult, hard, possible, impossible, necessary等。
(2)It is+adj. +of sb. +to do sth. 在句中作表语的形容词是对sb. 及其行为的评价, 这类形容词有: kind, nice, good, honest, careful, careless, clever, wise, stupid, foolish, rude, polite, impolite等。
【小词汇·大文化】
It is hard to please all.
众口难调。(形容做事很难让所有的人都满意。启示我们应该坚持做自己, 不要为了取悦他人而迷失自我。)
【知识延伸】用it作形式主语的常见句式归纳:
It is +adj. /n. +to do sth. /that-clause
It seems/feels+adj. +to do sth. /that-clause
It is no use/good doing sth.
It is + done + that-clause
【即学活用】 语法填空
(1)It’s so nice _______(hear) from her again.
(2)It was difficult ___ Cathy to accept that she wasn’t a winner.
(3)It was considerate __ Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.
(4)It is difficult for you _______(solve) the problem.
to hear
for
of
to solve
【要点拾遗】
1. expand vi. 膨胀
*Why not try to expand your story into a novel
你为什么不试图把你的故事扩展成小说呢
*He asked his teacher to expand on the steps of programming.
他让老师详述编制程序的步骤。
*(2021·天津高考) These expansions into new worlds help us by giving us new perspectives.
这些对新世界的扩展通过给我们新的视角来帮助我们。
【名师点津】
expand指在尺寸、数量或重要性上变大, 强调“膨胀”, 也可指花瓣等的张开。
【巧学助记】 看图记expand
【知识延伸】不同的扩展
(1)extend指空间、土地、时间等的伸长, 延长;也指(梯子等)伸长或舒展(肢体)。
*Can you extend your visit a few days longer
你能多停留几天吗
*The bird extended its wings in flight. 那只鸟展翅飞翔。
(2)spread指张开(双臂、翅膀), 或铺开(桌布、地图), 也指疾病、消息、恐惧、水等的蔓延, 面积上的扩展。
*The bird spread (out) its wings. 那只鸟张开了翅膀。
*Fear spread quickly through the village.
恐惧很快在全村蔓延开了。
(3)stretch指将某物拉长、撑大, 伸长或伸出(一肢或身体某部), 也指面积或时间的伸展。
*He stretched out his arm to take the book.
他伸出手臂去拿书。
*The road stretched (out) across the desert into the distance. 这条道路穿过沙漠伸向远方。
【即学活用】
语法填空
(1)The director plans to expand the firm ____ an international company.
(2) I am quite satisfied with your explanation, so there’s no need to expand ___ it.
(3) Heat causes the _________ (expand) of gases.
into
on
expansion
2. contract vi. 收缩
*The liquid expands and contracts with changes in temperature.
液体随着温度的变化而膨胀和收缩。
*The economy has contracted by 2. 5% since last year.
自去年起经济已经萎缩了2. 5%。
*Researchers think olive oil may slow stomach contractions.
研究人员认为橄榄油可能减缓胃收缩。
contract及其派生词的用法
【熟词生义】
Once you have reached formal agreement, you should enter into a contract with the
other party.
一旦达成正式协议, 你就应该和对方签订合同。 ( )
n. 合同;契约
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①The __________ (contract) of the muscle is a reaction of the body.
②They have contracted _______(build) a railway across Africa.
(2) ______________as it cools.
玻璃遇冷收缩。
contraction
to build
Glass contracts
3. mixture n. 混合物
*Steel is a mixture of iron and other substances.
钢是铁和其他物质的混合物。
*You can mix this paint with water or oil.
你可以用水或油调和这种绘画颜料。
*People often mix him up with other actors.
人们经常把他和其他演员弄混。
*I came home from the meeting with mixed feelings.
我带着复杂的心情从会场回到家。
(2018·北京高考)Wax is a complex mixture, but the basic bond in polyethylene, the carbon-carbon bond, is there as well.
蜡是一种复杂的混合物, 但是聚乙烯中的基本键, 碳碳键, 也存在。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①This drink is a _______(mix) of three different fruits.
②Mix the flour ____ the eggs and water.
③It’s common to mix him up ____ his brother; they’re twin brothers.
④Alice left the job with ______ (mix) emotions.
(2)(2018·全国Ⅲ)This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to ____________
modern and traditional Chinese elements.
这一创作由于融合了现代和传统的中国元素而受到广泛关注。
mixture
with
with
mixed
its mixture of
4. stage n. 阶段;时期
*Hamlet is on stage for most of the act.
这一幕的大部分时间哈姆雷特都出场。
*Their youngest child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences. 他们最小的孩子目前所处的阶段是会说单个的词, 但还不会说整句话。
*The company wants to compete on the world stage.
这家公司想在世界舞台上竞争。
stage的用法
【名师点津】stage与介词
当stage表示“阶段, 时期”时, 常与介词at或in搭配;表示“舞台”时, 常与on连用。
【链高考·明考向】
(2020·天津高考)A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage. 聚光灯只照亮舞台的一部分。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①The project is still ____ a planning stage.
②If you stand ___ stage and share your view of the world, people will connect with
you.
(2)Piaget concluded that there were __________________in the development of
children.
皮亚杰推断儿童发展有四个不同的阶段。
at/in
on
four different stages
5. conclusion n. 结论
*I soon arrived at/came to/drew/reached the conclusion that she spent more money on November 11th this year.
我不久就得出结论, 她今年双十一花了更多钱。
*In conclusion, I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today. 最后, 我想说我今天过得很开心。
*The performance will conclude with a light and sound show about Hanfu.
表演将以一场关于汉服的光影秀结束。
【名师点津】
conclusion后可接that引导的同位语从句, 进一步解释说明其内容。
【链高考·明考向】
(2020·天津高考) This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely lonely people in his community, who are easy targets of cheating.
这让琼斯得出结论, 在社区里有太多极度孤独的人, 他们很容易成为被骗的目标。
【即学活用】
(1)Doctors failed to reach a __________ (conclude) on the exact cause of the death.
(2)__ conclusion, the Belt and Road program is moving forward, which is a fact
that no one can change.
(3)I drew a conclusion from my own experience ____ nothing is more valuable than
health.
(4)The author concludes her lecture ____ a brief summary.
conclusion
In
that
with
6. think of 想出;想起;考虑
*Hannah started to think of how she could help them.
汉娜开始考虑她如何能帮助他们。
*We think highly of their research in the field.
我们对他们在这个领域的研究评价很高。
*Because of these documentaries about China, some foreigners have begun to think of coming to China. 因为这些关于中国的纪录片, 一些外国人开始考虑来中国。
【词块积累】
think highly/poorly of. . . 对……评价高/差
think nothing of. . . 不把……当回事
think of. . . as. . . 把……看作……
What do you think of. . . 你认为……怎么样
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①(2020·天津高考) I think __ one friend who couldn’t arrange flowers to satisfy
herself.
②We all think of her __ a responsible teacher.
(2)Who can _____________to raise money
谁能想出个集资的办法
(3) ___________________women who wear high heel shoes
你觉得穿高跟鞋的女士怎么样
of
as
think of a way
What do you think of
(4)The boss seems ___________________.
老板似乎很器重你。
to think highly of you
7. find out 弄清楚;查明白
*Women aren’t finding out about the costs until the bills come in. 女人直到收到账单才会知道开销。
*I couldn’t make out what he was saying.
我不明白他说的话。
*I believe that you can work out this problem by yourself.
我相信你自己能算出这道题。
【链高考·明考向】
(2020·江苏高考) To find out, British scientists conducted a study. 为了找到答案, 英国科学家进行了一项研究。
【即学活用】
语法填空
(1)Can you find ___ when the meeting starts
(2)We can find a way to work ___ this problem.
(3)The firemen worked hard but were not able to put ___ the fire.
out
out
out
8. keep. . . out of. . . 防止……进入……;使……留在外面
*This will keep air out of the water.
这会使空气不进入水中。
*I hope you’ll keep out of trouble while I’m away.
我不在家时, 希望你不要惹事。
*The plastic house will keep the cold air out to protect the vegetables.
塑料大棚会把寒气挡在外面以保护蔬菜。
*As long as you can keep away from them, you’ll be safe. 只要远离他们, 你就会安全。
*Please keep off the grass. 请勿践踏草坪。
【即学活用】
语法填空
(1)The doctor kept everyone out __ the room when he was working.
(2)Before you go to bed you’d better close the doors and windows to keep thieves
___.
(3)(2020·天津高考) The “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help break down the
invisible social barrier that keeps people _____ saying hello.
(4)The fire is dangerous so you should keep the child ___ it.
of
out
from
off
9. ordinary adj. 普通的;平常的
*Ordinary people tend to watch TV for relaxation at ordinary times. 普通人平时喜欢看电视放松自己。
*(2019·天津高考)But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment. 但是, 尽可能做好任何普通的工作本身就是一种令人钦佩的承诺。
*She is ordinarily very busy in the morning.
她早上通常很忙。
*Snowstorms are common during winter.
暴风雪在冬天里很常见。
*She’s smiling her usual friendly smile.
她脸上挂着她一贯友好的微笑。
*There is nothing to worry about. This is a perfectly normal baby. 不用担心。 这是一个完全正常的孩子。
【词块积累】
ordinarily adv. 通常地;一般地
【名师点津】
ordinary 意为“普通的;平常的”, 指与一般事物的性质标准相同, 强调“平
常”而无奇特之处
common 意为“常见的;普遍的”, 用于指物, 侧重很常见, 不稀奇。强调许
多事物具有某种共同点而“不足为奇”。common sense常识
usual 意为“通常的;惯常的”, 是按照某类人或某个人的常规情况判断,
有“遵循常规”的意味。as usual像往常一样
normal 意为“正常的”, 形容人或物“符合常态或常规”
【即学活用】
(1)选词填空(ordinary, common, usual, normal)
①A _______ heart beats around seventy-six times a minute.
②Windmills(风车) are a ________ sight in Holland.
③As _____, there weren’t many people at the meeting.
④Now electrical equipment has entered ________ families.
(2)单句改错
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one.
( )
normal
common
usual
ordinary
ordinarily→ ordinary
10. Below is a description of a simple scientific experiment.
下面是对一个简单的科学实验的描述。
【句式解构】
(1)本句是个倒装句。主语为a description of a simple scientific experiment, is为系动词, 副词below为表语。
(2)“某些副词+不及物动词+主语”句式, 使用全部倒装。常用的副词有: here, there, now, then, out, in, down, up, away等。
*(2020·全国 Ⅰ 卷) Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
这里有一些方法可以帮你找到正确的方向。
*Here comes the summer. 夏天到了。
*There remains a more difficult task for us.
这有一项更艰苦的工作需要我们做。
*The door opened and out rushed the children.
门开了, 孩子们冲了出来。
【名师点津】
“某些副词+不及物动词+主语”句式中, 当主语为代词时, 不倒装。
*Here you are. 给你。
【知识延伸】其他使用全部倒装的情况
(1)表示方位的短语放在句首, 后面一般使用全部倒装。
*By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand. 窗边坐着一个年轻人, 手里拿着一本杂志。
(2)当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时, 常用全部倒装。
*From the valley came a frightening sound.
山谷里传来了吓人的声响。
*On the top of the hill stands a temple. 山顶上有座寺庙。
【即学活用】
用全部倒装完成句子
(1)The door opened and ________________.
门开了, 史密斯先生进来了。
(2) ______________________
最后一班火车开走了。
(3)语法填空
①Here __ (be)a telegram for you.
②Now ______ (come) your turn.
in came Mr Smith
There goes the last train.
is
comes
【览时事·晓天下】
1. These conclusions add to mounting evidence that they may not so much have been lone predators, but hunted in packs like wolves.
这些结论再次证实霸王龙可能并非离群索居的食肉动物, 而是像狼一样成群结队地捕食。
2. Known as InnoMake, the smart shoe aims to become an alternative to the decades-old walking stick. 这款名为InnoMake的智能鞋旨在成为数十年历史的手杖的替代品。
3. Certain animals could be useful for identifying COVID-19 in places or countries in which high-tech laboratory equipment is scarce or inaccessible.
在高科技实验室设备稀缺或无从获取的地区或国家, 可以用某些动物来识别新冠肺炎。
学情诊断·课堂测评
Ⅰ. 语段填空
1. _________ with the advanced __________, the cinema gives people more
wonderful experience. (equip)
2. In my opinion, each of us should have an ____ (目标)of our own. But some of us
lead an _______ (无目标的)life every day. (aim)
3. Jack said he could ________ from Jane’s expression that Jane had stolen his
money. But everyone knew Jack always jumped to __________ without any
evidence to support his __________. In __________, nobody was likely to believe
Jane was a thief. (conclude)
Equipped
equipment
aim
aimless
conclude
conclusions
conclusion
conclusion
4. The _______ showed us how the company _______ to the need of the customer.
(react)
5. The chemistry teacher let each student put a finger into the _______ that he had
______ and tasted. (mix)
reaction
reacted
mixture
mixed
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. If the soup is salty, you can add some boiled water __ it.
2. She reacted _______ the mindlessness and luxury of their lives.
3. —Have you got in touch with Tom
—Oh, sorry. I couldn’t think __ his phone number at the moment.
4. (2018·浙江高考) The steam-powered printing press was still __ its early stages;
the literacy (识字) rate in England was under 50%.
5. It is still too early to reach a __________ (conclude) on this point.
to
against
of
in
conclusion
6. They will start their project aiming __ helping the poor children to be educated in
China’s west.
7. The president used today’s speech to expand ___ remarks he made last month.
8. After the experiment, everything is put __ order in the cupboard.
9. (2018·全国卷I)All riders are ________ (equip) with reflective vests and safety
lights.
10. You’ll have to watch next week to find ___ what happens.
at
on
in
equipped
out
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. Skin care is almost ____________popular in China __ makeup.
护肤品在中国的受欢迎程度是化妆品的三倍。
2. One third of my spare time _________________books.
我三分之一的业余时间都用来读书。
3. _________________________________others’ room without knocking at the
door.
你不敲门就走进别人的房间是不礼貌的。
three times as
as
is spent (in) reading
It is not polite/ impolite of you to enter
4. __________the bus; we’ll have to wait for the next one.
公交车开走了, 我们只好等下一辆了。
5. I think ____________________to recognize it.
我认为对他们来说认识到这一点很重要。
There goes
it’s important for them
Ⅳ. 课文语法填空
It is hard to think of a world without metals. Metals are very 1. _______ (importance) in the world. Different metals have different uses. For example, steel is 2. _______ (use) in cars, and iron is used in 3. _______ (electricity) equipment. When we use metals, 4. _______ is very important 5. _______ (know)how they react 6. _______ different substances, for example, water and oxygen. The
7. _______ (react) of metals with these 8. _______ (substance) can be put in order. Potassium, Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium, Aluminium and Zinc react most
9. _______iron and copper react 10. _______ (little).
答案: 1. important 2. used 3. electrical 4. it 5. to know
6. with 7. reaction 8. substances 9. while/but 10. least(共26张PPT)
十三 Module 5 Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary
【基础全面练】
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. We all know that many materials _______(膨胀) when heated.
2. After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of __________(设备) was damaged.
3. He _______(形成) the habit of taking notes while doing some reading.
4. There were perhaps two main __________(结论) to be drawn from the above
discussion.
expand
equipment
formed
conclusions
5. The ____ (目的) of the policy is the preservation of peace.
6. He was surprised that his answer should have caused such a strong _______ (反
应).
7. Would you like to ____(添加)more sugar to your coffee
8. Ordinary people are merely passers-by at the _____(阶段) of history.
9. I listened to his adventure with a _______(混合) of amusement and disbelief.
10. The _________(电) went off during the storm, which made the girl scared.
aim
reaction
add
stage
mixture
electricity
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. Playing golf with clients is one way to mix business ____pleasure.
2. The small hall was full of people. What’s more, the loud music added __the
confusion.
3. The files should be put __order so that you can find what you want as soon as
possible.
4. Close the door and keep the cold out __the room.
5. The picture made me think __my past.
with
to
in
of
of
6. We found ___that our competitors were selling a similar product at a much higher
price.
7. Don’t have a freezing cold shower, as your body will react __the sudden change
in temperature by preserving heat.
8. To arrive __this conclusion, the researchers invited 57 students to participate in a
study.
9. The education aimed __combining brain work with manual labour.
10. He is equipped ____much experience in teaching.
out
to
at
at
with
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. From behind the door ________________________.
从门后冲出了一个三岁的男孩。
2. ______________________to come to help me.
你来帮我真好。
3. This factory produced cars _______________than it did 10 years ago.
这家工厂生产的汽车是十年前的三倍。
4. Two-thirds of the students in our class ________.
我们班三分之二的学生是男生。
5. _________you practise, _________you can speak.
你练习得越多, 你就能说得越好。
rushed a three-year-old boy
It is very nice/kind of you
three times more
are boys
The more
the better
【综合应用练】
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
Smart Kids is a collection of one hundred events scheduled in October. This year, it is experimenting with Pay What You Decide (PWYD). That is, you can decide to pay what you want to or can afford, after you have attended an event. You can pre-book events without paying for a ticket in advance. Here are some of the director’s picks.
Walk on the Wild Side
Not ticketed, Free
Join storyteller Sarah Law to hear science stories about animals. Along the way you’ll meet all sorts of beautiful creatures and discover life cycles and food chains. Best suited to children aged 5—9. Children under 8 must be accompanied(陪同) by an adult.
Introduction to Waves
Pre-book, PWYD
Subjects range from sound waves to gravity(重力) waves, and from waves of light to crashing waves on the ocean. Mike Goldsmith explores the features shared by all waves in the natural world.
Science in the Field
Not ticketed, Free
This storytelling night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field e along for inspiring and informative stories straight from the scientist’s mouth. Join Mark Samuels to find out more in this fun-filled workshop.
Festival Dinner
Pre-book, ￡25 per person
Whether you want to explore more about food, or just fancy a talk over a meal, join us to mark the first science festival in London. Which foods should you eat to trick your brain into thinking that you are full Find out more from Tom Crawford.
【文章大意】本文为说明文。文章介绍了Smart Kids收集的在十月份举行的四项以科学为主题的活动, 以及各个活动的内容和特色。
1. In which event can you decide the payment
A. Introduction to Waves. B. Walk on the Wild Side.
C. Science in the Field. D. Festival Dinner.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“This year, it is experimenting with Pay What You Decide (PWYD). That is, you can decide to pay what you want to or can afford”可知, PWYD中你可以决定付款, 而四项活动中只有Introduction to Waves可以PWYD, 故选A。
2. Who will talk about experiences of collecting direct data
A. Mike Goldsmith. B. Sarah Law.
C. Mark Samuels. D. Tom Crawford.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据Science in the Field活动中的“This storytelling night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field trips. ”可知, Mark Samuels会分享他最喜欢的关于在各种实地考察中收集第一手数据的回忆, 故选C。
3. What do the four events have in common
A. Family-based.
B. Science-related.
C. Picked by children.
D. Filled with adventures.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。通读全文可知, 这四项活动都是与科学有关的, 故选B。
B
When I was in a primary school, I got into an argument with a boy in my class. I have forgotten what the argument was about, but I have never forgotten the lesson I learned that day.
I was sure that “I” was right and “he” was wrong---and he was just sure that “I” was wrong and “he” was right. The teacher decided to teach us a very important lesson. She brought us up to the front of the class and placed him on one side of her desk and me on the other.
In the middle of her desk was a large, round object. I could clearly see that it was black. She asked the boy what color the object was. “White, ” he answered.
I couldn’t believe he said the object was white, because it was obviously black! Another argument started between my classmate and me, this time about the color of the object.
The teacher told me to go to stand where the boy was standing and told him to come to stand where I had been. We changed places, and then she asked me what the color of the object was. I had to answer, “White. ” It was an object with two differently colored sides, and from his side it was white. Only from my side it was black.
My teacher taught me a very important lesson that day: you must stand in other persons’ shoes and look at the situation through their eyes in order to truly understand their opinions.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 讲述了作者在小学跟一个同学争辩的经历, 老师通过黑与白的实验教给了他一个道理, 为了真正理解别人, 要站在别人的立场看问题。
4. When brought up to the front of the class, the two students were standing _____.
A. side by side B. face to face
C. back to back D. facing the blackboard
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知, 老师让“我”们到讲台上, 一个男生站在讲桌的一侧, “我”站在另一侧, 因此“我”们是面对面站着的。
5. From the lesson we may infer that______is right.
A. none of them
B. the author’s classmate
C. the teacher
D. the author
【解析】选C。推理判断题。老师用一个大的圆形的两面是不同颜色的物体做实验来证明, 看待问题不要有偏颇和主观臆断, 故老师是正确的。
6. What can we conclude from the text
A. A lesson in the past should never be forgotten.
B. A teacher should give students a lesson before the class.
C. Every large, round object has two differently colored sides.
D. We should imagine that we’re in other persons’ situation.
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。本文旨在告诉我们, 我们要站在别人的立场看待问题。
7. Which of the following can best describe the teacher
A. Patient. B. Wise. C. Rude. D. Kind.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。老师没有用说教的方式解决争端, 而是巧妙地用一个简单的实验告诉了作者一个深刻的道理, 用意深远, 体现了老师的聪明智慧。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
(2021·信阳高一检测)
We all see and hear about extraordinary people around us and wonder why we can’t be more like them. It’s not the big things that make someone extraordinary. Here are some small things that extraordinary people do every day:
1 That you’re the boss doesn’t mean you are right every time. Learn to back up your decisions with reason. Use logic(逻辑) to explain things, not authority. By doing this your decisions might invite criticism, but you will also get an opportunity to improve.
They are generous with compliments(恭维). Remember the time, when you worked really hard but got nothing in return Not even a thank-you. 2 So every chance you get to praise someone, do it. A simple, “That was some great work, keep it up, ” can go a long way in making the employees feel great about themselves. 3
They are helpful. Never hesitate to help someone. It’s fairly simple but it goes a long way. Don’t say something vague(含糊)like, “Can I help you ” because they might just say, “No, I’m good. ” 4 “I had the same problem with this coffee machine in the morning. I think I have figured a way to make it work. ” Offer in a way that feels mutually beneficial.
They’re in charge of their emotions. Sometimes it is very important to stay silent. Especially when you’re angry, you don’t want to end up saying things you didn’t really mean to. So they take their time to think about what happened, and then come to a decision about how to deal with it. 5 Never be too casual with words or actions.
A. The key is to be specific. B. They are open to criticism.
C. They are sensitive to others. D. It hurts when your efforts are not recognised.
E. Before you say anything, consider others’ feelings.
F. A compliment can have a positive impact on their lives.
G. When you feel awkward receiving a compliment, give the person a smile.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。平时的小事也能成就非凡的人, 文章介绍了非凡的人每天做的一些小事。
1. 【解析】选B。根据下文“运用逻辑来解释事情, 而不是运用权威。这样做的话你的决策可能会引发批评, 但是你却得到了提高的机会。”可知, 本段讲述老板如果运用逻辑而不是权威来决策, 根据常理推断, 会令人愿意接受批评。B项“他们乐于接受批评”作为小标题合适。故选B。
2. 【解析】选D。根据本段标题“They are generous with compliments. ”(他们毫不吝啬赞美之词)和空前“还记得你认真学习或努力工作而没有任何回报的时候吧 甚至连句‘谢谢’都没有。”可推断本处为“你的努力不被承认时你会受到打击”, 既承接上文又与下文“当你有机会赞扬他人时, 一定要赞扬”相得益彰。故选D。
3. 【解析】选F。 根据上句“一句简单的赞美之词, 如‘做得真好, 继续努力, ’会让雇员在很长时间内都会感觉良好。”, 可知, 赞美能对他们的生活产生积极的影响, 顺承上文, 符合语境。故选F。
4. 【解析】选A。根据上文“because they might just say”可知别人可能以为你只是说说, 因此推断本处为“注意要具体一点”, 下文举例说明“I had the same problem with this coffee machine in the morning. I think I have figured a way to make it work. 早晨我也碰到这个咖啡机出现过同样的问题。我觉得我想到了一个办法能把它修好”, 前后连贯, 符合语境。故选A。
5. 【解析】选E。根据下文“Never be too casual with words or actions. 不要轻率说话或行动”, 可知“在说话之前, 考虑他人的感受” 符合语境。故选E。
