人教版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 1 Art课后作业（Word版含解析）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 1 Art课后作业（Word版含解析） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2021-12-19 16:25:17 | ||
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UNIT1 ART
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A high degree of enthusiasm has (出现) in the masses.
2．He failed to pass his (视力的) test.
3．He was a professor of (雕塑) at the Academy.
4．The events I'm speaking of were (后来的) to the war.
5．They asked me to (传递) their sincere apology to you and promised to replace these rollers by new ones.
6．Tom wants to see the pen you (购买) yesterday.
7．These few words fully revealed her (高贵的) quality.
8．Our newspaper is an (有很大影响力的) newspaper in this city.
9．With the new technique，measurement was claimed to be much more (精确的)．
10．We should encourage pupils to set (现实的) goals.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2021·安徽合肥检测)The following 4 famous paintings—from Jan van Eyck's work to Pablo Picasso's masterpiece—have stood the test of time.
The Arnolfini Portrait
Jan van Eyck's The Arnolfini Portrait，an oil painting on oak produced in 1434，in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her，is undoubtedly a masterpiece in the National Gallery，London.This painting is one of the most famous and intriguing(非常有趣的)paintings in the world.It is also an informative document about the fifteenth century society.
The Starry Night
Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night，an oil on canvas(帆布画布)，a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small village，during his stay at the mental hospital near Saint Rémy de Provence，France in 1889.When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941，it was not well known，but it has become one of Vincent van Gogh's most famous works now.
The Harvesters
The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565.It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurs in the late summer.The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919.
Guernica
Guernica，a large oil painting，was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter，Pablo Picasso，in 1937.The title refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi during the Spanish Civil War.The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result，has come to be an anti war symbol and a reminder of the tragedy of war.Today，the painting is housed at the Museo Reina Sofía in Madrid.
1．Which was produced earliest
A．Guernica. B．The Harvesters.
C．The Starry Night. D．The Arnolfini Portrait.
2．What do we know about the painting The Starry Night
A．It was painted on wood in oils.
B．It described the painter's life in hospital.
C．It wasn't widely recognized before 1941.
D．It was given away to the museum by a collector.
3．Who created the painting describing the harvest season
A．Pieter Bruegel the Elder.
B．Vincent van Gogh.
C．Jan van Eyck.
D．Pablo Picasso.
B
John Constable was born in Suffolk，England，on 11 June，1776.His family hoped that he would join his father's business，but he showed great interest in art when he was very young.Finally，his family allowed him to enter the Royal Academy School，a very famous art college in England，at the age of twenty two.
At the Royal Academy，he was a good student，spending all his spare time drawing and reading.
He showed his first painting in 1802.Constable believed the greatest art came from using the inspiration(灵感)of nature，rather than using various techniques and imagination on art.
In his lifetime，Constable never had much money.His fame only grew after his death.He was unable to earn a living from the paintings.To support his family，Constable often drew portraits(肖像)of others.But it was something he never really enjoyed.He was attracted by the beauty of the British countryside.
He sold more paintings in France than in his home country，England，at first.But when given the chance to travel to sell his paintings abroad，he said he would rather“be a poor man in England than a rich man abroad”．
Constable died in 1837.During his lifetime he got little praise in his home country for painting countryside scenery.Yet he is now considered to be one of the greatest British artists.
4．John Constable studied painting because________．
A．he was interested in it
B．his parents hoped he would study it
C．he wanted to make more money
D．he liked the Royal Academy School
5．At the Royal Academy，John Constable________．
A．wasn't a good student
B．didn't get on well with his classmates
C．was very hard working
D．became very famous
6．What do we know about John Constable
A．He thought technique was the most important in art painting.
B．His paintings sold better in France than in England at first.
C．He was interested in drawing portraits.
D．He became very rich by painting.
7．What can we learn from the underlined part
A．John Constable was willing to travel to France.
B．John Constable was tired of being poor.
C．John Constable didn't want to sell his paintings.
D．John Constable loved his country very much.
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
Art galleries are places in which artists can display all types of works of art，including paintings，drawings，photographs，sculptures，etc. 1 At the same time，however，each artwork must be protected from exposure to too much light since that can cause works to fade and therefore get ruined. 2
The most common form of lighting used to light up the artwork is indoor spotlights on tracks attached to the ceiling near where the work is being displayed. 3 It enables the lights to be moved more easily when the light patterns require adjusting.Recessed(嵌入墙壁凹处的)lights in walls and ceilings can be useful so long as they are not fixed in place so they can be easily moved to create ideal light patterns.Most art gallery directors state that a combination of track lighting and recessed light equipment is ideal because the track lighting focuses directly on the artwork while the recessed lights are used on the nearby walls to provide a surrounding light source. 4
How to angle the lights depends upon the height of the ceiling and the size of the artwork.Caution must be exercised to avoid creating too many areas with shadows.Besides，the lights should not be bare bulbs burning directly above the artwork but should be made in some way to make the lighting softer.According to experts，low voltage(电压)bulbs are the best when lighting the artwork. 5 Thus the artwork should be placed in a room where sunlight can't directly hit it.
A．It can make the displays attractive.
B．Using track lighting is beneficial.
C．Light plays a key role in art galleries.
D．This light source can better improve the mood surrounding the work.
E．To better improve their appearance，the display area needs to be well lit.
F．Finding a happy medium between not enough light and too much of it requires considerable skills and experience.
G．Above all，natural light should be avoided since direct sunlight will damage the artwork，particularly paintings，over time.
参考答案：
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A high degree of enthusiasm has emerged(出现) in the masses.
2．He failed to pass his visual(视力的) test.
3．He was a professor of sculpture(雕塑) at the Academy.
4．The events I'm speaking of were subsequent(后来的) to the war.
5．They asked me to convey(传递) their sincere apology to you and promised to replace these rollers by new ones.
6．Tom wants to see the pen you purchased(购买) yesterday.
7．These few words fully revealed her noble(高贵的) quality.
8．Our newspaper is an influential(有很大影响力的) newspaper in this city.
9．With the new technique，measurement was claimed to be much more precise(精确的)．
10．We should encourage pupils to set realistic(现实的) goals.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2021·安徽合肥检测)The following 4 famous paintings—from Jan van Eyck's work to Pablo Picasso's masterpiece—have stood the test of time.
The Arnolfini Portrait
Jan van Eyck's The Arnolfini Portrait，an oil painting on oak produced in 1434，in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her，is undoubtedly a masterpiece in the National Gallery，London.This painting is one of the most famous and intriguing(非常有趣的)paintings in the world.It is also an informative document about the fifteenth century society.
The Starry Night
Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night，an oil on canvas(帆布画布)，a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small village，during his stay at the mental hospital near Saint Rémy de Provence，France in 1889.When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941，it was not well known，but it has become one of Vincent van Gogh's most famous works now.
The Harvesters
The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565.It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurs in the late summer.The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919.
Guernica
Guernica，a large oil painting，was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter，Pablo Picasso，in 1937.The title refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi during the Spanish Civil War.The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result，has come to be an anti war symbol and a reminder of the tragedy of war.Today，the painting is housed at the Museo Reina Sofía in Madrid.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四幅著名艺术家的作品。
1．Which was produced earliest
A．Guernica. B．The Harvesters.
C．The Starry Night. D．The Arnolfini Portrait.
D [细节理解题。根据The Arnolfini Portrait部分的内容可知，The Arnolfini Portrait是在1434年由Jan van Eyck创作，其他几幅画的创作时间都晚于这幅画。故选D。]
2．What do we know about the painting The Starry Night
A．It was painted on wood in oils.
B．It described the painter's life in hospital.
C．It wasn't widely recognized before 1941.
D．It was given away to the museum by a collector.
C [细节理解题。根据The Starry Night部分的内容可知，1941年，当纽约现代艺术博物馆从私人收藏家手中买下这幅画时，这幅画并不出名，后来才成为文森特·梵高最著名的作品之一。故选C。]
3．Who created the painting describing the harvest season
A．Pieter Bruegel the Elder.
B．Vincent van Gogh.
C．Jan van Eyck.
D．Pablo Picasso.
A [细节理解题。根据The Harvesters部分中的“It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurs in the late summer.”可知，由Pieter Bruegel the Elder创作的The Harvesters描绘了收获的季节。故选A。]
B
John Constable was born in Suffolk，England，on 11 June，1776.His family hoped that he would join his father's business，but he showed great interest in art when he was very young.Finally，his family allowed him to enter the Royal Academy School，a very famous art college in England，at the age of twenty two.
At the Royal Academy，he was a good student，spending all his spare time drawing and reading.
He showed his first painting in 1802.Constable believed the greatest art came from using the inspiration(灵感)of nature，rather than using various techniques and imagination on art.
In his lifetime，Constable never had much money.His fame only grew after his death.He was unable to earn a living from the paintings.To support his family，Constable often drew portraits(肖像)of others.But it was something he never really enjoyed.He was attracted by the beauty of the British countryside.
He sold more paintings in France than in his home country，England，at first.But when given the chance to travel to sell his paintings abroad，he said he would rather“be a poor man in England than a rich man abroad”．
Constable died in 1837.During his lifetime he got little praise in his home country for painting countryside scenery.Yet he is now considered to be one of the greatest British artists.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国最伟大的艺术家之一John Constable的主要人生经历。
4．John Constable studied painting because________．
A．he was interested in it
B．his parents hoped he would study it
C．he wanted to make more money
D．he liked the Royal Academy School
A [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“His family hoped that he would join his father's business，but he showed great interest in art when he was very young.”可知，他的家人希望他能加入父亲的事业，但他很小的时候就对艺术表现出极大的兴趣。因此John Constable学习绘画是因为他对绘画感兴趣。故选A。]
5．At the Royal Academy，John Constable________．
A．wasn't a good student
B．didn't get on well with his classmates
C．was very hard working
D．became very famous
C [推理判断题。根据第二段“At the Royal Academy，he was a good student，spending all his spare time drawing and reading.”可知，在皇家学院，他是个好学生，把业余时间都花在绘画和阅读上。因此在皇家学院，John Constable是非常努力的。故选C。]
6．What do we know about John Constable
A．He thought technique was the most important in art painting.
B．His paintings sold better in France than in England at first.
C．He was interested in drawing portraits.
D．He became very rich by painting.
B [细节理解题。根据第五段中的“He sold more paintings in France than in his home country，England，at first.”可知，起初他在法国卖的画比他在英国卖的多。因此他的画一开始在法国比在英国卖得好。故选B。]
7．What can we learn from the underlined part
A．John Constable was willing to travel to France.
B．John Constable was tired of being poor.
C．John Constable didn't want to sell his paintings.
D．John Constable loved his country very much.
D [推理判断题。根据第五段“He sold more paintings in France than in his home country，England，at first.But when given the chance to travel to sell his paintings abroad，he said he would rather‘be a poor man in England than a rich man abroad’．”可知，他在法国卖的画比在自己的祖国英国卖的多。但当他有机会去国外卖画时，他说他宁愿在英国当穷人，也不愿在国外当富人，由此我们看出John Constable非常热爱他的国家。故选D。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
Art galleries are places in which artists can display all types of works of art，including paintings，drawings，photographs，sculptures，etc. 1 At the same time，however，each artwork must be protected from exposure to too much light since that can cause works to fade and therefore get ruined. 2
The most common form of lighting used to light up the artwork is indoor spotlights on tracks attached to the ceiling near where the work is being displayed. 3 It enables the lights to be moved more easily when the light patterns require adjusting.Recessed(嵌入墙壁凹处的)lights in walls and ceilings can be useful so long as they are not fixed in place so they can be easily moved to create ideal light patterns.Most art gallery directors state that a combination of track lighting and recessed light equipment is ideal because the track lighting focuses directly on the artwork while the recessed lights are used on the nearby walls to provide a surrounding light source. 4
How to angle the lights depends upon the height of the ceiling and the size of the artwork.Caution must be exercised to avoid creating too many areas with shadows.Besides，the lights should not be bare bulbs burning directly above the artwork but should be made in some way to make the lighting softer.According to experts，low voltage(电压)bulbs are the best when lighting the artwork. 5 Thus the artwork should be placed in a room where sunlight can't directly hit it.
A．It can make the displays attractive.
B．Using track lighting is beneficial.
C．Light plays a key role in art galleries.
D．This light source can better improve the mood surrounding the work.
E．To better improve their appearance，the display area needs to be well lit.
F．Finding a happy medium between not enough light and too much of it requires considerable skills and experience.
G．Above all，natural light should be avoided since direct sunlight will damage the artwork，particularly paintings，over time.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文中作者主要向我们描述了美术馆是艺术家可以展示各种艺术作品的地方，同时美术馆的灯光也是十分重要的。
1．E [E选项表示为了更好地改善它们的外观，陈列区域需要有良好的照明，承接下文，且E选项中的“be well lit”和空后的“too much light”相呼应。故选E。]
2．F [根据空前的内容可知，为了改善美术馆艺术作品的陈列效果，需要良好的照明，而作品过多暴露在光线下会褪色，进而被损坏，所以需要找到一个折中办法，这就需要相当多的技巧和经验。F选项可以承接上文内容。故选F。]
3．B [B选项中的“track lighting”与空前的“indoor spotlights on tracks”相呼应。故选B。]
4．D [根据空前内容可知，活动式投射照明灯和嵌入灯的组合是理想的，D选项(这种组合光源可以更好地改善作品周围的氛围)表示了这种组合光源的效果，顺承上文。故选D。]
5．G [根据空后的“Thus the artwork should be placed in a room where sunlight can't directly hit it.”可知，此处应该说明艺术品要避免阳光直射的原因，G选项符合语境。且G选项中的“sunlight”和空后的“sunlight”相呼应，故选G。]
PAGE
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A high degree of enthusiasm has (出现) in the masses.
2．He failed to pass his (视力的) test.
3．He was a professor of (雕塑) at the Academy.
4．The events I'm speaking of were (后来的) to the war.
5．They asked me to (传递) their sincere apology to you and promised to replace these rollers by new ones.
6．Tom wants to see the pen you (购买) yesterday.
7．These few words fully revealed her (高贵的) quality.
8．Our newspaper is an (有很大影响力的) newspaper in this city.
9．With the new technique，measurement was claimed to be much more (精确的)．
10．We should encourage pupils to set (现实的) goals.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2021·安徽合肥检测)The following 4 famous paintings—from Jan van Eyck's work to Pablo Picasso's masterpiece—have stood the test of time.
The Arnolfini Portrait
Jan van Eyck's The Arnolfini Portrait，an oil painting on oak produced in 1434，in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her，is undoubtedly a masterpiece in the National Gallery，London.This painting is one of the most famous and intriguing(非常有趣的)paintings in the world.It is also an informative document about the fifteenth century society.
The Starry Night
Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night，an oil on canvas(帆布画布)，a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small village，during his stay at the mental hospital near Saint Rémy de Provence，France in 1889.When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941，it was not well known，but it has become one of Vincent van Gogh's most famous works now.
The Harvesters
The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565.It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurs in the late summer.The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919.
Guernica
Guernica，a large oil painting，was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter，Pablo Picasso，in 1937.The title refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi during the Spanish Civil War.The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result，has come to be an anti war symbol and a reminder of the tragedy of war.Today，the painting is housed at the Museo Reina Sofía in Madrid.
1．Which was produced earliest
A．Guernica. B．The Harvesters.
C．The Starry Night. D．The Arnolfini Portrait.
2．What do we know about the painting The Starry Night
A．It was painted on wood in oils.
B．It described the painter's life in hospital.
C．It wasn't widely recognized before 1941.
D．It was given away to the museum by a collector.
3．Who created the painting describing the harvest season
A．Pieter Bruegel the Elder.
B．Vincent van Gogh.
C．Jan van Eyck.
D．Pablo Picasso.
B
John Constable was born in Suffolk，England，on 11 June，1776.His family hoped that he would join his father's business，but he showed great interest in art when he was very young.Finally，his family allowed him to enter the Royal Academy School，a very famous art college in England，at the age of twenty two.
At the Royal Academy，he was a good student，spending all his spare time drawing and reading.
He showed his first painting in 1802.Constable believed the greatest art came from using the inspiration(灵感)of nature，rather than using various techniques and imagination on art.
In his lifetime，Constable never had much money.His fame only grew after his death.He was unable to earn a living from the paintings.To support his family，Constable often drew portraits(肖像)of others.But it was something he never really enjoyed.He was attracted by the beauty of the British countryside.
He sold more paintings in France than in his home country，England，at first.But when given the chance to travel to sell his paintings abroad，he said he would rather“be a poor man in England than a rich man abroad”．
Constable died in 1837.During his lifetime he got little praise in his home country for painting countryside scenery.Yet he is now considered to be one of the greatest British artists.
4．John Constable studied painting because________．
A．he was interested in it
B．his parents hoped he would study it
C．he wanted to make more money
D．he liked the Royal Academy School
5．At the Royal Academy，John Constable________．
A．wasn't a good student
B．didn't get on well with his classmates
C．was very hard working
D．became very famous
6．What do we know about John Constable
A．He thought technique was the most important in art painting.
B．His paintings sold better in France than in England at first.
C．He was interested in drawing portraits.
D．He became very rich by painting.
7．What can we learn from the underlined part
A．John Constable was willing to travel to France.
B．John Constable was tired of being poor.
C．John Constable didn't want to sell his paintings.
D．John Constable loved his country very much.
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
Art galleries are places in which artists can display all types of works of art，including paintings，drawings，photographs，sculptures，etc. 1 At the same time，however，each artwork must be protected from exposure to too much light since that can cause works to fade and therefore get ruined. 2
The most common form of lighting used to light up the artwork is indoor spotlights on tracks attached to the ceiling near where the work is being displayed. 3 It enables the lights to be moved more easily when the light patterns require adjusting.Recessed(嵌入墙壁凹处的)lights in walls and ceilings can be useful so long as they are not fixed in place so they can be easily moved to create ideal light patterns.Most art gallery directors state that a combination of track lighting and recessed light equipment is ideal because the track lighting focuses directly on the artwork while the recessed lights are used on the nearby walls to provide a surrounding light source. 4
How to angle the lights depends upon the height of the ceiling and the size of the artwork.Caution must be exercised to avoid creating too many areas with shadows.Besides，the lights should not be bare bulbs burning directly above the artwork but should be made in some way to make the lighting softer.According to experts，low voltage(电压)bulbs are the best when lighting the artwork. 5 Thus the artwork should be placed in a room where sunlight can't directly hit it.
A．It can make the displays attractive.
B．Using track lighting is beneficial.
C．Light plays a key role in art galleries.
D．This light source can better improve the mood surrounding the work.
E．To better improve their appearance，the display area needs to be well lit.
F．Finding a happy medium between not enough light and too much of it requires considerable skills and experience.
G．Above all，natural light should be avoided since direct sunlight will damage the artwork，particularly paintings，over time.
参考答案：
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A high degree of enthusiasm has emerged(出现) in the masses.
2．He failed to pass his visual(视力的) test.
3．He was a professor of sculpture(雕塑) at the Academy.
4．The events I'm speaking of were subsequent(后来的) to the war.
5．They asked me to convey(传递) their sincere apology to you and promised to replace these rollers by new ones.
6．Tom wants to see the pen you purchased(购买) yesterday.
7．These few words fully revealed her noble(高贵的) quality.
8．Our newspaper is an influential(有很大影响力的) newspaper in this city.
9．With the new technique，measurement was claimed to be much more precise(精确的)．
10．We should encourage pupils to set realistic(现实的) goals.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2021·安徽合肥检测)The following 4 famous paintings—from Jan van Eyck's work to Pablo Picasso's masterpiece—have stood the test of time.
The Arnolfini Portrait
Jan van Eyck's The Arnolfini Portrait，an oil painting on oak produced in 1434，in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her，is undoubtedly a masterpiece in the National Gallery，London.This painting is one of the most famous and intriguing(非常有趣的)paintings in the world.It is also an informative document about the fifteenth century society.
The Starry Night
Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night，an oil on canvas(帆布画布)，a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small village，during his stay at the mental hospital near Saint Rémy de Provence，France in 1889.When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941，it was not well known，but it has become one of Vincent van Gogh's most famous works now.
The Harvesters
The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565.It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurs in the late summer.The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919.
Guernica
Guernica，a large oil painting，was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter，Pablo Picasso，in 1937.The title refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi during the Spanish Civil War.The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result，has come to be an anti war symbol and a reminder of the tragedy of war.Today，the painting is housed at the Museo Reina Sofía in Madrid.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四幅著名艺术家的作品。
1．Which was produced earliest
A．Guernica. B．The Harvesters.
C．The Starry Night. D．The Arnolfini Portrait.
D [细节理解题。根据The Arnolfini Portrait部分的内容可知，The Arnolfini Portrait是在1434年由Jan van Eyck创作，其他几幅画的创作时间都晚于这幅画。故选D。]
2．What do we know about the painting The Starry Night
A．It was painted on wood in oils.
B．It described the painter's life in hospital.
C．It wasn't widely recognized before 1941.
D．It was given away to the museum by a collector.
C [细节理解题。根据The Starry Night部分的内容可知，1941年，当纽约现代艺术博物馆从私人收藏家手中买下这幅画时，这幅画并不出名，后来才成为文森特·梵高最著名的作品之一。故选C。]
3．Who created the painting describing the harvest season
A．Pieter Bruegel the Elder.
B．Vincent van Gogh.
C．Jan van Eyck.
D．Pablo Picasso.
A [细节理解题。根据The Harvesters部分中的“It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurs in the late summer.”可知，由Pieter Bruegel the Elder创作的The Harvesters描绘了收获的季节。故选A。]
B
John Constable was born in Suffolk，England，on 11 June，1776.His family hoped that he would join his father's business，but he showed great interest in art when he was very young.Finally，his family allowed him to enter the Royal Academy School，a very famous art college in England，at the age of twenty two.
At the Royal Academy，he was a good student，spending all his spare time drawing and reading.
He showed his first painting in 1802.Constable believed the greatest art came from using the inspiration(灵感)of nature，rather than using various techniques and imagination on art.
In his lifetime，Constable never had much money.His fame only grew after his death.He was unable to earn a living from the paintings.To support his family，Constable often drew portraits(肖像)of others.But it was something he never really enjoyed.He was attracted by the beauty of the British countryside.
He sold more paintings in France than in his home country，England，at first.But when given the chance to travel to sell his paintings abroad，he said he would rather“be a poor man in England than a rich man abroad”．
Constable died in 1837.During his lifetime he got little praise in his home country for painting countryside scenery.Yet he is now considered to be one of the greatest British artists.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国最伟大的艺术家之一John Constable的主要人生经历。
4．John Constable studied painting because________．
A．he was interested in it
B．his parents hoped he would study it
C．he wanted to make more money
D．he liked the Royal Academy School
A [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“His family hoped that he would join his father's business，but he showed great interest in art when he was very young.”可知，他的家人希望他能加入父亲的事业，但他很小的时候就对艺术表现出极大的兴趣。因此John Constable学习绘画是因为他对绘画感兴趣。故选A。]
5．At the Royal Academy，John Constable________．
A．wasn't a good student
B．didn't get on well with his classmates
C．was very hard working
D．became very famous
C [推理判断题。根据第二段“At the Royal Academy，he was a good student，spending all his spare time drawing and reading.”可知，在皇家学院，他是个好学生，把业余时间都花在绘画和阅读上。因此在皇家学院，John Constable是非常努力的。故选C。]
6．What do we know about John Constable
A．He thought technique was the most important in art painting.
B．His paintings sold better in France than in England at first.
C．He was interested in drawing portraits.
D．He became very rich by painting.
B [细节理解题。根据第五段中的“He sold more paintings in France than in his home country，England，at first.”可知，起初他在法国卖的画比他在英国卖的多。因此他的画一开始在法国比在英国卖得好。故选B。]
7．What can we learn from the underlined part
A．John Constable was willing to travel to France.
B．John Constable was tired of being poor.
C．John Constable didn't want to sell his paintings.
D．John Constable loved his country very much.
D [推理判断题。根据第五段“He sold more paintings in France than in his home country，England，at first.But when given the chance to travel to sell his paintings abroad，he said he would rather‘be a poor man in England than a rich man abroad’．”可知，他在法国卖的画比在自己的祖国英国卖的多。但当他有机会去国外卖画时，他说他宁愿在英国当穷人，也不愿在国外当富人，由此我们看出John Constable非常热爱他的国家。故选D。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
Art galleries are places in which artists can display all types of works of art，including paintings，drawings，photographs，sculptures，etc. 1 At the same time，however，each artwork must be protected from exposure to too much light since that can cause works to fade and therefore get ruined. 2
The most common form of lighting used to light up the artwork is indoor spotlights on tracks attached to the ceiling near where the work is being displayed. 3 It enables the lights to be moved more easily when the light patterns require adjusting.Recessed(嵌入墙壁凹处的)lights in walls and ceilings can be useful so long as they are not fixed in place so they can be easily moved to create ideal light patterns.Most art gallery directors state that a combination of track lighting and recessed light equipment is ideal because the track lighting focuses directly on the artwork while the recessed lights are used on the nearby walls to provide a surrounding light source. 4
How to angle the lights depends upon the height of the ceiling and the size of the artwork.Caution must be exercised to avoid creating too many areas with shadows.Besides，the lights should not be bare bulbs burning directly above the artwork but should be made in some way to make the lighting softer.According to experts，low voltage(电压)bulbs are the best when lighting the artwork. 5 Thus the artwork should be placed in a room where sunlight can't directly hit it.
A．It can make the displays attractive.
B．Using track lighting is beneficial.
C．Light plays a key role in art galleries.
D．This light source can better improve the mood surrounding the work.
E．To better improve their appearance，the display area needs to be well lit.
F．Finding a happy medium between not enough light and too much of it requires considerable skills and experience.
G．Above all，natural light should be avoided since direct sunlight will damage the artwork，particularly paintings，over time.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文中作者主要向我们描述了美术馆是艺术家可以展示各种艺术作品的地方，同时美术馆的灯光也是十分重要的。
1．E [E选项表示为了更好地改善它们的外观，陈列区域需要有良好的照明，承接下文，且E选项中的“be well lit”和空后的“too much light”相呼应。故选E。]
2．F [根据空前的内容可知，为了改善美术馆艺术作品的陈列效果，需要良好的照明，而作品过多暴露在光线下会褪色，进而被损坏，所以需要找到一个折中办法，这就需要相当多的技巧和经验。F选项可以承接上文内容。故选F。]
3．B [B选项中的“track lighting”与空前的“indoor spotlights on tracks”相呼应。故选B。]
4．D [根据空前内容可知，活动式投射照明灯和嵌入灯的组合是理想的，D选项(这种组合光源可以更好地改善作品周围的氛围)表示了这种组合光源的效果，顺承上文。故选D。]
5．G [根据空后的“Thus the artwork should be placed in a room where sunlight can't directly hit it.”可知，此处应该说明艺术品要避免阳光直射的原因，G选项符合语境。且G选项中的“sunlight”和空后的“sunlight”相呼应，故选G。]
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