Grammar
过去分词作定语和一般过去时的时间状语
观察上面对话, 并类比填空
The novel bought (buy) in the store last month is useful to me. It tells us a story that happened(happen) in America, a developed (develop) country.
Ⅰ. 过去分词作定语
过去分词作定语表示被修饰的名词或代词处于被动或完成的状态。
一、过去分词作定语的位置
单个过去分词作定语, 常放在被修饰的名词前;若被修饰的是代词, 如those, something, everything, nothing等, 则分词要放在其后。分词短语常放在被修饰的名词之后。
a retired worker 一位退休的工人
the given question 给定的问题
qualified teachers 合格的教师
the broken cup 破碎的杯子
everybody invited 所有被邀请的人
the languages spoken in Germany在德国使用的语言
the book written in simple English用浅显的英语写成的书
*There is only a little food left. 只剩下一点儿食物了。
*I like to read the novel Frogs written by Mo Yan.
我喜欢读莫言写的小说《蛙》。
(1)某些单个的动词过去分词作定语时通常置于所修饰词之后, 作后置定语, 如left(剩下的), concerned(相关的), provided(已提供的)等。
(2)过去分词短语(即带有自己的宾语或状语的过去分词短语)作宾语要后置, 放在被修饰词之后。
语法填空
(1)The book left (leave)on the table is Mary’s.
(2)The tiger shot (shoot) by the hunter belongs to an endangered species.
(3)Lost(lose) time will never return.
(4) (2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published(publish) in 2014 that showed a mere five to ten minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.
(5) (2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Frozen(freeze) bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness(成熟) and the temperature of the freezer.
(6) The eleven cars produced (produce) last month have been sold out.
二、过去分词作定语时的意义
(1)不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动, 只表示完成。
boiled water=water that has boiled开(了的)水
the fallen leaves=the leaves that have fallen落叶
a developed country=a country which has developed
发达国家
(2)有些过去分词作定语既表被动, 又表完成。即过去分词在定语中可以独立表示完成意义的被动语态。
*He told us of the great wrong done to him.
=He told us of the great wrong which had been done to him. 他给我们讲了他所遭受的巨大冤屈。
*Is there anything planned (=that has been planned) for the weekend 周末安排什么活动了吗
*Did you accept the invitation given(=that had been given) by the tour guide
你接受导游所给的邀请了吗
*Most of the artists invited(=who had been invited) to the party were from South Africa.
被邀请到会的大部分艺术家来自南非。
(1)有些表示情感或心理状态的过去分词已经完全形容词化, 常见的这类过去分词有: disappointed(失望的), moved(感动的), interested(感兴趣的), surprised(感到惊讶的), shocked(震惊的, 震撼的), puzzled(迷惑不解的), frightened(受惊吓的)等。例如: a frightened girl一个受惊吓的女孩
(2)一些动词短语作定语时, 不要漏掉动词短语中的介词或副词。例如: The boy looked after/taken care of by the nurse is getting better. 被这位护士照顾的男孩越来越好了。
(1)语法填空
①The glass broken(break) by Li Ming has been replaced.
②We took the frightened(frighten) boy to his home.
(2)The excited girl picked up a fallen flower and smelt it.
那个兴奋的女孩捡起一朵落花, 然后闻了闻。
(3)The teacher loved by us often reads us some interesting stories written by his students.
受我们爱戴的老师经常给我们读一些他的学生写的有趣的故事。
(4)The man operated on a year ago has got well.
一年前接受手术的那个人已经很好了。
Ⅱ. 一般过去时的时间状语
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或某段时间内反复发生的动作或存在的状态。与一般过去时连用的时间状语有: yesterday, two days ago, last year, the other day, during the day, one night, once upon a time, a long time ago, until the 1920’s, until it got dark, just now, in the old days, in the past, this morning等。
*(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器)-the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess-touched down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. 无人驾驶的嫦娥四号探测器——这个名字的灵感来源于一个中国古代的月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。
*Mr Smith came to see you just now.
史密斯先生刚才来找你。
*The live football match was broadcast last night.
这场足球比赛直播是昨天晚上进行的。
*The fire broke out during the night.
这场大火发生在夜间。
*We often went swimming when we were young.
我们小时候经常去游泳。
*The two students didn’t go out of the forest until it got dark. 直到天黑这两名学生才走出森林。
(1)语法填空
①(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The 80, 000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed (form) the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759.
②(2019·江苏高考)Emma, a female crane, has been in their care since she arrived (arrive) in 2004.
(2)(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) A son of immigrants, Chris started learning English a little over three years ago(三年前).
学生用书P33
Ⅰ. 用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Now there is a lot of business done (do) over the phone.
2. The box made (make) of paper is environment-friendly.
3. Those repeated (repeat) efforts were still not enough.
4. The new product finally passed the required (require) test.
5. The idea thought (think) up by Peter is much simpler.
6. It is a house built (build) by the Romans.
7. The man followed(follow) by some soldiers is an official.
8. They offered (offer) us all the tools needed yesterday.
9. As we watched the rising sun this morning, we felt (feel)energetic.
10. In 2018 my brother joined (join) the Party.
Ⅱ. 单句改错
1. The teacher has told us that the earth moves around the sun ten minutes ago. (去掉has)
2. In the past Mary liked to read books wrote by Dickens. (wrote→written)
3. I listened to the song sing by Liu Huan. (sing→sung)
4. Eli moved to Japan in 1978 and begun to work as a teacher in Tokyo. (begun→began)
5. There are not enough people to pick apples that day when we visited the farm. (are→were)
6. The popular books are written by a farmer in his thirties. (are→were)
7. The problem is discussed at the meeting yesterday. (is→was)
8. The students encouraging by the teacher worked even harder. (encouraging→encouraged)
9. The island, joining to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. (joining→joined)
10. Mrs White showed her students some old maps borrow from the library. (borrow→borrowed)
根据提示翻译下列句子并组句成篇。
1. 昨天我注意到路边有一些最近刚装修好的商店。(过去分词短语作定语)
2. 当我经过一家花店时, 我走到门口看了看。
3. 在门上有一张店主写的便条, 内容是这家商店何时开张。(过去分词短语作定语)
4. 我正在看时, 听到有人喊我。我回头一看, 是李华。他告诉我这家店是他开的。看着他兴奋的表情, 我向他表示祝贺。(过去分词短语作定语)
Yesterday I noticed that there were some shops decorated recently along the road. When I passed a flower store, I walked to the door to have a look. There was a note written by the shop owner saying when the shop would open. Just then, I heard someone calling me. Turning back, I saw Li Hua, who told me the store was his. Looking at his excited expression, I congratulated him.
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6Integrating Skills
Ⅰ. 用本模块单词的适当形式填空
1. buy some souvenirs on a trip to the seaside
在去海滨的旅行中买一些纪念品
2. build a new stadium for the Olympic Games
为奥林匹克运动会建造新的体育场
3. frighten somebody to death 把某人吓死
4. play at the kindergarten 在幼儿园玩耍
5. live in a small apartment 住在一个小公寓里
6. have an interview for a job 进行工作面试
7. the interviewer who is asking questions
正在问问题的主考官
8. one of the most important events in the history of mankind 人类历史上最重要的事件之
一
9. look absolutely exhausted 看起来非常疲惫不堪
10. a downtown restaurant 一家市中心的餐馆
11. a train running along the rails 沿着铁轨疾驰的列车
12. a graduation ceremony 毕业典礼
13. a single/double track 单/双轨
Ⅱ. 用适当的介词、副词填空
1. Will the cotton dress be out of date
2. The teacher wasn’t referring to you when he said some student was stupid.
3. I often wake up at midnight, or rather, at 12 p. m.
4. He was travelling at a speed of 90 mph.
5. They like to travel around the country by plane.
6. I saw such a big lake for the first time.
Ⅲ. 翻译下列课文原句, 并观察黑体部分
1. Would you mind showing me your ticket
你介意让我看看你的票吗
2. I remember learning to swim—it was wonderful.
我记得学习游泳——那很棒。
3. It takes a long time to make a film.
拍一部电影用很长时间。
4. Travelling at a speed of over 400 kilometres per hour, the train can complete the 30-kilometre journey in eight minutes.
以每小时400多千米的速度行驶, 列车能在8分钟内完成30千米的路程。
1. frighten vt. 使吃惊;惊吓
*The eagle suddenly flew in the air and frightened me.
那只鹰突然飞上天空, 吓了我一跳。
*He tried to frighten people into doing what he wanted.
他试图恐吓人们听他的话做事。
*(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) He had tried to coax the dog to him but, frightened, it had run off.
他试图哄小狗到他身边, 但是小狗却害怕地跑开了。
*It is said that more than four million people die from smoking each year, which is really frightening.
据说每年四百多万人死于吸烟, 这真是令人害怕。
(1)frighten away 吓跑;吓走
frighten sb. into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事
(2)frightened adj. 恐惧的, 害怕的
be frightened to do sth. 害怕做某事
be frightened of. . . 害怕……
(3)frightening adj. 令人恐惧的, 恐怖的
The prince must therefore be a fox to recognize traps, and a lion to frighten wolves. —Niccolò Machiavelli
因此, 一个统治者必须是一只狐狸, 去发现陷阱。也必须是一只狮子, 去战胜群狼。——尼科洛·马基雅维利
(1)用frighten的适当形式填空
①Were you frightened at the sight of the frightening snake
②Mary was too frightened to tell her family the frightening scene because it frightened her to death.
③In a way, I suppose I’m frightened of failing.
(2)He was frightened to find his partner was frightened to death.
发现他的同伴被吓死了, 他很害怕。
2. refer to 指的是;提到;涉及;查阅
*When I said some people were frightened of making mistakes, I wasn’t referring to you.
当我说某些人害怕犯错误时, 我指的不是你。
*We referred the proposal to the board of directors.
我们把这一建议提交董事会处理。
*Please refer to a dictionary if you are not sure about the word. 如果你对这个单词不能确定, 请查一下词典。
*Why is the lion referred to as the king of the jungle
为什么狮子被称为森林之王
refer. . . to. . . 把……递交/委托给……
refer to. . . as. . . 将……称为……
(1)在refer to中, to是介词, 后接名词、代词或动名词形式。
(2)refer的过去式、过去分词和现在分词都先双写“r”, 再加“-ed”或“-ing”。类似的词还有prefer, occur等。
(1)I didn’t know what she was referring to(她指的是什么).
(2)If you want to know the meaning of the word, you may refer to the dictionary(查词典).
(3)Please don’t refer to his past again. Now he likes to be referred to as “Doctor King”.
请别再提他的往事了。现在他喜欢被称作“Doctor King”。
(4)I don’t want to refer this patient to that doctor.
我不想把这个病人交给那位医生。
3. interview n. 面试, 面谈;(记者等的)采访 v. 面试;采访
*If one is late for a job interview, it is not likely that he will get the job.
如果一个人求职面试迟到, 他很可能得不到这份工作。
*When I interviewed the soldier, he told me many frightening scenes happening in the war.
当我采访那位士兵时, 他告诉了我许多战争中发生的可怕的场景。
*The interviewer asked us a lot of unexpected questions so we, the interviewees, didn’t know how to answer them. 采访者问了我们许多出乎意料的问题, 所以我们这些被采访者不知道怎样回答。
(2021·天津高考) Two hours before my husband came back home from another job interview, my daughter climbed up to grab a glass vase from a high shelf.
就在我丈夫参加另一场工作面试回家前两个小时, 我女儿爬到一个高高的架子上, 抓起一个玻璃花瓶。
(1)give an interview to sb. 接见某人, 接受某人的采访
have an interview with sb. 采访某人, 与某人面谈
go for an interview 参加面试
(2)interviewer n. (面试时的)主考官;采访者
(3)interviewee n. 接受面试者, 被采访者
(1)用interview的适当形式填空
①He interviews customers at the bar every day now.
②The friendly interviewer made the graduates who looked for a job feel relaxed.
③An interviewee is the person who answers the questions during an interview.
(2)I never give interviews to reporters.
我从不接受记者的采访。
4. Would you mind if I saw your ticket
你介意我看看你的票吗
【句式解构】
(1)该句为复合句, 是一个向对方征求意见的常用表达句式。
(2)Would/Do you mind if. . . 可以译为“倘若……你不介意吧 ”“请你……好吗 ”“你能不能…… ”。
*Would you mind if I bought a dictionary
你介意我买一本词典吗
*Do you mind if I refer to your notes
你介意我看你的笔记吗
*Do you mind them living here 你介意他们住在这儿吗
(1)句式“Would you mind. . . ”后面接名词、v. -ing形式以及if引导的从句, if从句中要用一般过去时表示虚拟语气;但Do you mind后的if从句中用一般现在时。
(2)回答Would/Do you mind. . . 问句时, 一定要特别注意前后文的一致性, 常见的表“不介意”的答语有: Certainly not; Not at all; Not a bit; No, go ahead等;表“介意”的答语有: I’m sorry, but I do; Yes, I do mind; I’m sorry, but you’d better not等。
一句多译
我抽烟你介意吗
(1)Do you mind if I smoke
(2)Would you mind if I smoked
(3)Would you mind me/my smoking
5. Travelling at a speed of over 400 kilometres per hour, the train can complete the 30-kilometre journey in eight minutes. 火车以每小时400多千米的速度行驶, 在8分钟之内就能完成30千米的路程。
【句式解构】
(1)这是一个简单句。句中的Travelling at. . . 是现在分词短语作条件状语。
(2)现在分词短语作状语在句中除表示条件外, 还可以表示原因、时间、伴随和结果等。
*Working as a volunteer teacher in the West, the girl took up growing vegetables. 在西部地区当志愿者老师时, 这个女孩对种菜产生了兴趣。
*The students stood in line, waiting for their teacher.
学生们排队等候他们的老师。
*Being ill, the worker had two days off.
因为生病, 那个工人请假两天。
句式改写
(1) Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off.
=When the mouse saw the cat, it ran off.
(2)I decided to go with them, because I had nothing better to do.
→Having nothing better to do, I decided to go with them.
(3)The boys sat there and played with their toys.
→The boys sat there, playing with their toys.
(4)If you work hard, you will make progress.
→Working hard, you will make progress.
【要点拾遗】
1. for the first time第一次
*The children were so excited to be taken aboard for the first time. 那些小孩第一次被带上飞机, 兴奋极了。
*The operation was a great success and the doctors said she would recover in no time.
手术很成功, 医生们说她很快就会恢复健康。
*At times he would be absent for a couple of days.
他时常会离开几天。
*The first magazine with your gift message will arrive in time for the special day. 带有你的礼物信息的第一本杂志会为了这个特殊的日子及时到达。
in time 及时
at a time 一次
on time 按时, 准时
in no time 立刻
at times 时常
at one time 曾经;一度
all the time 一直
【易混辨析】
for the first time “第一次”, 用作状语, 不可引导句子
the first time “第一次, 首次”, 名词词组用作连词, 可引导句子
(2021·天津高考) It was so good to feel accepted for what I’m good at. For the first time in my life, I actually felt cool.
我很高兴能接受我所擅长的。这是我有生以来第一次感到很酷。
(1)一句多译
第一次见到他, 我就对他印象深刻。
①The first time I saw him, I was impressed with him.
②When I saw him for the first time, I was impressed with him.
(2)用time短语完成句子
①At one time, I borrowed two books in the library at a time. The librarian told me to return them on time.
曾经, 在图书馆我一次借了两本书, 图书管理员告诉我要按时归还。
②At times, I will get up in no time as soon as the alarm clock goes off, but sometimes I will lie in bed all the time without moving.
有时闹钟一响我就立刻起床, 但有时我会一动不动地一直躺在床上。
2. event n. 事件;体育比赛;比赛项目
*It became a fixed event every August and now attracts 400, 000 people yearly.
它成了每年八月的固定项目, 现在每年吸引40万人。
*The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon.
夏季奥运会最长的田径项目是50公里竞走, 比马拉松长约5英里。
*What’s the matter Why have so many accidents happened at the crossing
怎么回事 为什么在这个十字路口发生这么多事故
【易混辨析】
accident 强调偶然或意外发生的不幸事情
event 可指任何大小事件, 但尤指历史上的重大事件, 还指比赛项目
matter 多指麻烦事
用event, accident, matter的适当形式填空
(1)This year’s Olympic Games will be the biggest ever sporting event.
(2) Over 70, 000 people are killed or seriously injured every year in road accidents.
(3)Talking about the world’s problems is one thing, but solving them is another matter altogether.
3. out of date过时的
*It’s out of date. It’s a month old.
它(车票)过期了。已经有一个月了。
*The clothes are out of date and few people are willing to buy them.
这些衣服过时了, 很少有人愿意买。
*We missed the train because we used an out-of-date timetable. 我们没赶上火车, 因为我们用了过时的时刻表。
*For the first time my mother bought a coat that was up to date. 第一次我妈妈买了一件时髦的大衣。
(1)out of date在句中常用作表语和状语;out-of-date在句中常用作定语, 意为“过时的”。
(2)up to date现代的, 时髦的。
【知识延伸】
out of control失控 out of danger远离危险
out of reach手不能及 out of sight看不见
一句多译
(1)这条信息陈旧了, 所以我们不会采用它。
①The information is out of date so we can’t adopt it.
②This is out-of-date information so we can’t adopt it.
(2)这些产品是最新的。
①These products are up to date.
②They are up-to-date products.
4. exhausted adj. 疲惫不堪的
*We were exhausted. We had to get up at 4 am and we didn’t go to bed until midnight. 我们疲惫不堪。我们凌晨4点钟就得起床, 一直到半夜才能睡觉。
*The day’s shopping left her exhausted.
=She was exhausted from the day’s shopping.
那天的购物使她疲惫不堪。
*(2019·天津高考) But eventually I exhausted myself understanding the economy and trying new marketing techniques. 但是, 理解经济和尝试新的市场营销技能最终使我自己精疲力竭。
(1)be exhausted from/by 因……而疲惫不堪
(2)exhaust vt. 使筋疲力尽;耗尽
exhausting adj. 令人疲惫不堪的
(2021·天津高考) I attended classes two nights a week. Although exhausting, it gave me energy, enthusiasm and happiness. 我每周上两晚的课。虽然很累, 但它给了我活力、热情和快乐。
(1)用exhaust的适当形式填空
①I’ve exhausted myself with all that cleaning.
②I’ve had an exhausting day.
③I’m exhausted since I have walked for two hours.
(2)一句多译
搬运这些石头使他精疲力竭。
①Carrying the stones exhausted him.
②Carrying the stones made him exhausted.
(3)单句改错
It is exhausted to look after three two-year-old boys.
(exhausted 改为exhausting)
5. I remember the day my father tried to teach me how to ride a bicycle.
我还记得我父亲试图教我骑自行车的那一天。
【句式解构】
how to ride a bicycle属于“疑问词+不定式”结构, 相当于一个名词性从句, 可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。“疑问词+不定式”结构经常放在tell, show, teach, learn, know, wonder, discuss, remember, forget, find out等动词(词组)之后作宾语。
*(2021·天津高考) Upon simply satisfying a material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.
在满足物质需求的同时, 他还为附近的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理自行车的机会。
*My mother was wondering how to deal with the out-of-date food when a dog ate it up.
我妈妈正在想怎样处理那些过期的食物, 这时一只狗把它吃光了。
*Even as a six-year-old girl I realized that knowing how to read could open many doors. 即使是一个六岁的女孩, 我也认识到知道怎样读书能打开许多扇门。
疑问副词(how, when, where, why)和疑问代词(what, which, who)后面接动词不定式时, 动词不定式只能用to do形式, 且只用动词不定式的主动形式。
(1) Roz doesn’t know how to shop online.
Roz不知道怎样在网上购物。
(2)I can’t decide what to do next.
我不能决定下一步做什么。
(3)They’re easy to find, if you know where to look for them.
如果你知道在哪儿寻找它们, 你就很容易找到它们。
Ⅰ. 语段填词
1. The exhausted (疲惫不堪的) mother smiled at her newborn baby. She even imagined her baby would be in the kindergarten (幼儿园).
2. After watching the ceremony(仪式), they bought some souvenirs(纪念品) for their friends.
3. In his new apartment(公寓), he watched his favourite cartoon (卡通)with me.
4. The president will come here by rail (铁轨) and give an interview(采访) to us reporters tomorrow.
5. The interviewer(主考官) asked me if the publication of the new dictionary was one of the cultural events (事件)of the year.
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. Though the clothes are out of date, they are still in good condition.
2. The store you referred to last Friday belonged to my brother.
3. Attending such an important meeting for the first time, I felt nervous.
4. The car ran through the crowd at very low speed.
5. We went to Madrid two years ago and stayed there for two months.
6. At midnight we often hear somebody sing.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. Would you mind my/me drinking beer /Would you mind if I drank beer /Do you mind if I drink beer
你介意我喝啤酒吗
2. Walking/When I was walking in the beautiful school, I felt proud.
走在这个美丽的学校里, 我感到很自豪。
3. They have told me how to finish the plan.
他们已经告诉我怎样完成这个计划。
4. It took me two years to learn to drive.
学会开车花费了我两年的时间。
Ⅳ. 课文短文改错
The fastest train in the world, that is called the Transrapid Maglev, ran between Shanghai’s Pudong Airport and Longyang Station. Travel at a speed of over 400 kilometres per hour, the train can complete the 30-kilometre journey in eight minute.
There are no rails but no noise so the train travels very fast and uses more energy.
Premier Zhu Rongji and the German chancellor had attended the opening ceremony in December 31, 2002. About a year late, the Maglev reached speed of 501 kilometres per hour.
答案:
1. 【解析】第一句that →which。考查非限制性定语从句。此处which引导非限制性定语从句, 且在从句中作主语。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
2. 【解析】第一句ran→ runs。考查动词的时态。此处讲的是现在仍然存在的情况, 所以用一般现在时。
3. 【解析】第二句Travel →Travelling。考查非谓语动词。此处是现在分词作状语, travel和句子主语the train之间是主动关系, 所以用动词的-ing形式。
4. 【解析】第二句minute→ minutes。考查名词的复数。minute是可数名词, 根据eight可知此处用复数形式。
5. 【解析】第三句but →and。考查连词。此处前后是并列关系。
6. 【解析】第三句more→ less。考查形容词比较级。此处指火车跑得快且用的能源少。
7. 【解析】第四句去掉had。考查动词的时态。根据时间状语可知此处用一般过去时。
8. 【解析】第四句in→ on。考查介词。此处指在2002年12月31日, 表示在具体的某一天, 用介词on。
9. 【解析】第五句late→ later。考查副词。“时间段+later”表示“多久以后”。
10. 【解析】第五句reached后面加a。考查冠词。a speed of. . . ……的速度。
旅游游览类记叙文
旅游游览类记叙文是记叙游览过程的文章, 重在叙述游览过程中的所见所感。写作时, 一般按照提示信息并结合自己的游览顺序安排写作内容。开头部分引出话题;主体部分详细记述游览过程;结尾部分简要记述自己的感受或体验。
假设你是李华, 暑假时你去了北京旅行。请以“A Trip to Beijing”为题, 写一篇英语游记, 内容须包括以下几点:
1. 坐火车去北京;
2. 游览长城, 为中国文化感到骄傲;
3. 天安门广场是世界上最大的广场(square)之一;
4. 北京之行, 令你回味无穷, 你希望以后再次去那里旅游。
注意: 1. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;
2. 词数 100个左右。
1. 完成句子
(1)我有机会游览天安门广场。
I also had a chance to visit the Tian’anmen Square.
(2)天安门广场被认为是世界上最大的广场之一。
The Tian’anmen Square is considered as one of the biggest squares in the world.
(3)旅行期间, 我参观了很多公园。
During my trip, I visited many parks.
(4)在这些公园中北海公园给我的印象最深刻, 因为它有美丽的景色。
Among the parks, Beihai Park impressed me most, because it has beautiful scenery.
2. 词句升级
(5)用定语从句合并(1)、(2)句
I also had a chance to visit the Tian’anmen Square, which is considered as one of the biggest squares in the world.
(6)用定语从句合并(3)、(4)句
During my trip, I visited many parks, among which Beihai Park impressed me most, for it has beautiful scenery.
This summer vacation I went to Beijing. It impressed me greatly with its natural beauty.
I went there by train. The train is fast and comfortable. During my stay there, I visited the Great Wall built in ancient times. I am proud of Chinese culture. I also had a chance to visit the Tian’anmen Square, which is considered as one of the biggest squares in the world. During my trip, I visited many parks, among which Beihai Park impressed me most, for it has beautiful scenery.
I’ll always remember the beauty of Beijing. I hope that I can go there again one day.
1. 话题词汇
①visit/pay a visit to 参观
②enjoy 欣赏
③scenery 风景
④travel 旅游
⑤tourist 游客
⑥gather 集合
⑦take a photo/picture 拍照
⑧climb a mountain 爬山
⑨be interested in 对……感兴趣
⑩be impressed with 对……印象深刻
2. 话题句式
(1)描写风景
①The golden leaves of the trees begin to fall.
树上的金黄色的叶子开始落下。
②The garden with all kinds of flowers is so beautiful.
满是花的花园很美。
③A clear long river runs through the city, so it is called “the city of water”.
一条清澈的长河流过这座城市, 所以它被称作“水城”。
④The mountain with rocks of different shapes is attractive to the visitors.
有形状各异的岩石的山脉吸引了游客们。
(2)表达感情
①Though we were tired, we were happy.
虽然我们很累, 但很高兴。
② After we covered some distance, we were surprised to see different scenery.
我们走了一段距离后, 我们很吃惊地看到了不同的风景。
③Listening to the birds singing pleasantly, we felt lost in the wonderful world.
听着小鸟悦耳地歌唱, 我们沉浸在这美好的世界里。
④Seeing the beautiful scenery, we couldn’t help cheering and taking pictures.
看到美景, 我们禁不住欢呼拍照。
PAGE
17Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary
Ⅰ. 用本模块单词的适当形式填空
1. the distance of the earth from the sun
地球距离太阳的距离
2. an abandoned baby 一个被遗弃的婴儿
3. a medical expert 一个医学专家
4. leave at midnight 在半夜离开
5. stop to appreciate the scenery 停下来欣赏风景
6. poor soil 贫瘠的土壤
7. a two-hour train journey 两个小时的火车旅行
8. train hard for the race 为比赛努力训练
Ⅱ. 根据语境用适当的介词或副词填空
1. My father’s car stopped at the school gate and I got out of it and rushed to the classroom.
2. The visitors got off the bus and enjoyed nature.
3. The people waiting at the stop got on the bus as soon as it arrived.
4. We got into the taxi and then the driver drove away towards our destination.
5. The plane took off at 8: 30 a. m.
6. IOC is short for International Olympic Committee.
7. He didn’t cry any more.
Ⅲ. 根据课文及汉语提示补全句子
1. And what a ride(多么美好的旅行)!
2. We ate great meals cooked by experts(烹饪大师们做的美味饭菜).
3. They tried riding horses(尝试骑马), but the horses didn’t like the hot weather and sand.
4. Camels were much better than horses (骆驼比马好很多)for travelling a long distance.
1. 有些-t结尾的形容词变-t为-ce构成名词表示抽象含义
例如: distant→distance距离
important→importance重要性
different→difference不同
silent→silence寂静
2. be+ adj. + for改成的短语常在句中作表语或定语
be short for 是……的缩写/简称
be famous/well-known for因……出名
be fit for适合
be good for对……有好处
Task 1 框架宏观建构: 整体理解
Task 2 文本微观剖析: 细节探究
1. 根据文章细节信息完成下列问题。
(1)According to the text, we can know that _______.
A. it was sunny during Alice Thompson’s journey
B. the fields were covered with red sand all the way
C. the travel lasted 36 hours
D. Alice Thompson and her friend travelled from Alice Springs to Sydney
(2)Alice Thompson _______on the train.
A. didn’t like to talk to other passengers
B. sometimes learned Chinese
C. only read books during the day
D. always watched the night sky
(3)Camels were brought to Australia because_______.
A. camels ran faster than horses
B. camels could carry more food and supplies than horses
C. camels could travel a long distance and could stand hot weather and sand
D. trains cost too much then
(4)We can infer from the abandoned farms that _______.
A. agriculture developed very well more than 100 years ago
B. the place was becoming desert more than 100 years ago
C. few trees could grow there more than 100 years ago
D. no people would like to live there more than 100 years ago
(5)How did Alice feel about her first ride on the famous Ghan train
A. Dull. B. Bored. C. Excited. D. Sad.
答案: (1)~(5)ABCAC
(6)Why did people shoot camels
Because they thought the animals were useless and they were a problem.
2. 运用语句知识解构课文中的长难句。
(1)We saw (abandoned) farms which were built more
↓ ↑ ↑
过去分词作定语 主句 定语从句
than a hundred years ago.
译文: 我们看到被遗弃了的100多年前建造的农庄。
(2)[In 1925], they passed a law which allowed people to
状语 主句 定语从句
shoot the animals 〔if they were a problem〕.
if引导条件状语从句
译文: 1925年, 他们通过了一条法令, 规定如果这些动物成为问题, 就允许人们射杀它们。
根据文章内容完成空格。
My First Ride on a Train
The ride I had my first ride on the famous Ghan train with a friend and (1)spent two days and nights on the train.
The (2)scenery seen from the train At first, the scenery was colourful. Then, it was desert and we saw (3)abandoned farms.
What we did on the train We ate great meals (4)cooked by experts. I (5)looked out of the window, talked with other passengers, read and listened to cassettes.
The reason (6)why the train is called the Ghan Ghan is (7)short for Afghanistan, from where many years ago, Australians brought camels. (8)Trained camels did a lot for Australians.
The camels in Australia Most of them were (9)shot after the government built a new (10)railway line.
Task 3 阅读思维升华: 主题实践
1. 结合课文主题, 回答下列问题。
(1)If you go to Beijing, which means of transport will you choose Why
I prefer to go there by train. This is because taking a train is cheaper than taking a plane and more comfortable than taking a coach.
(2)Do you think it is right of the Australians to kill so many camels Why
I think it’s wrong. Camels did a lot for them so they were supposed to treat them kindly.
2. 根据提示, 运用本模块词汇与句型完成短文。
(1)在10岁时我跟随父母第一次乘火车进行了一次长途(distance)旅行。我们在济南上(get on)火车, 在北京下(get off)车。沿途的风景(scenery)很美。在火车上我们吃在我们镇上商店买的食物。
(2)在北京, 我们去了北京动物园, 在那儿我们看到一些受过训练的(trained)狮子和老虎。
(3)动物园里不允许(allow)游客喂动物, 但我们仍然能看到游客把食物扔给动物。一些动物的身边有一些被遗弃的(abandoned)食物。
At the age of 10, I first travelled a long distance by train with my parents. We got on the train in Jinan and got off in Beijing. The scenery along the way was nice. On the train we ate food bought in the store in our town. In Beijing, we visited Beijing Zoo, where we saw some trained lions and tigers. Visitors were not allowed to feed the animals, but some visitors didn’t respect the rule so there was some abandoned food around some animals.
1. distance n. 距离;远处, 远方
*The city centre and shops are only a short distance away. 距离市中心和商店很近。
* Much to our delight, the sound of water in the distance caught our attention and drove us to the riverbank.
令我们非常高兴的是, 远处的水声吸引了我们的注意, 把我们引到了河边。
*The Palace Museum is within easy walking distance of the stop. 从这个公交车站点走几步路就到故宫博物院。
*You’d better keep your distance from the dangerous dog. 你最好离那条危险的狗远点。
(1) in the distance 在远方
from/at a distance 在远处, 从远处(较近处)
keep one’s distance from 与……保持一定的距离
within walking distance 在步行距离内
(2) distant adj. 疏远的, 遥远的
【巧学助记】巧辨at a distance和in the distance
【熟词生义】
She needs to distance herself from some of the people who have bad habits. (vt. 与……保持距离)
她必须与那些有坏习惯的人保持一定的距离。
Friends agree best at a distance. 君子之交淡如水。(当代广义地表达真正的朋友平时交往可能并不频繁, 联系也可能不多, 但是双方确实是交心交底的)
(1)语法填空
①Does she live within walking distance (distant)of her parents
②The tower being built in the distance will be completed in two months.
(2)At a distance of six miles you can’t see anything.
距离6英里你很难看清任何东西。
【补偿训练】
(1)英译汉
①We can see the mountain from the distance.
我们从远处就可以看到那座山。
②We can see the mountain in the distance.
我们可以看到远处的那座山。
(2)语法填空
①Just 36% preferred a smaller house within walking distance of shops and workplaces.
②The story tells a man in a village 30 miles distant (distance) from here prefers to keep his distance from others because he is addicted to computer games.
2. get on 上(车、船等);骑上(马等);进步;进展
*My brother got on the bus, took a seat by the window and waved goodbye to us. 我哥哥上了公共汽车, 在车窗旁就座, 然后向我们挥手告别。
* If you grow up in a large family, you are more likely to develop the ability to get on well with others.
如果你在一个大家庭中长大, 你更有可能培养与他人相处融洽的能力。
*I’m getting off at the next stop and my home is within walking distance.
我在下一站下车, 我家走几步路就到了。
get on well with 与……相处得好
get off (使)下车
get into/out of 上/下(车)
get through 通过;接通;完成
用get动词短语填空
(1)We got on the train in Beijing and got off in Wuhan.
(2)I got into my son’s car and told him that I would get out of it at the gate of the zoo.
(3)She’s never really got on well with her sister since they quarrelled(争吵).
(4)Let’s start; there’s a lot of work to get through.
3. take off (飞机)起飞, 脱下, 成功, 请假
The plane took off though it was raining.
尽管下着雨, 飞机仍照常起飞。
*He got on the bus, took off his coat and sat down in the last row. 他上了公共汽车, 脱掉外套, 在最后一排坐下。
* I’m taking next week off work. 我下周要休假。
*Sales of home computers have taken off in recent years. 家庭电脑的销售量近年来上升很快。
* Jack’s career started taking off and we were proud of him. 杰克的事业开始成功了, 我们为他感到骄傲。
用take动词短语填空
(1)I felt quite excited as the plane took off from London.
(2)He sat on the bed to take his dirty shoes off and then let the waiter take them away.
(3)After my father took over the company, it took on a new look.
(4)The old books that are taking up space in the office should be sold out.
4. be short for 是……的缩写/简称
*USA is short for the United States of America.
=The United States of America is called USA for short.
USA是美利坚合众国的缩写/简称。
*When they are short of money, we should help them.
他们缺钱时我们应该帮助他们。
*In short, I hope my business will take off soon.
总之, 我希望我的生意在不久后能成功。
be short of 缺乏
for short 简称, 缩写
in short 简而言之, 总而言之
be short of表示内容的缺少。常译为“缺少, 缺乏, 不足, 未达到”等, 其结构一般为: 主语+系动词+short of sth. 。其中, 系动词除了 be动词以外, 还有go, fall, run, get等。
(1) WTO is short for World Trade Organization.
WTO是 World Trade Organization的缩写。
(2) Benjamin is often called Ben for short.
Benjamin经常被简称为Ben。
(3)Because we are short of time, we are worried that we won’t finish the work on time.
因为我们缺少时间, 所以我们担心我们不能按时完成工作。
(4) Things couldn’t be worse financially. In short, our store is to close down.
在财务方面已经糟得不能再糟了。 总之, 我们的商店要关闭了。
5. And what a ride! 多么美好的一次旅行啊!
【句式解构】
本句是一个感叹句, 其结构是What+a/an(+adj. )+可数名词单数+陈述句(陈述句可以省略)。
*What a great place to stay in!
这真是一个居住的好地方!
*What lovely flowers they are! 好美的花朵啊!
*What bad weather we’re having! 多讨厌的天气!
*How beautifully you sing! 你唱得真美妙!
感叹句还有以下几种:
(1)what+adj. +不可数名词/可数名词复数+陈述句
(2)how+adj. /adv. +陈述句
(3)how+adj. +a/an +可数名词单数+陈述句
用what和how填空
(1)What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we would have had a good time together.
(2)How boring the activity is! / What a boring activity it is!
(3)How hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun!
(4)What clear water!
览时事·晓天下
1. After the samples were collected and sealed, the ascender of Chang’e-5 took off from the lunar surface, and was expected to dock with the orbiter-returner in lunar orbit.
样品采集密封后, 嫦娥五号上升器从月球表面起飞, 有望在月球轨道上完成与轨道返回器的对接。
2. Chinese train makers will reunite and train for high-speed railway technology to expand the global market.
中国火车制造者将再聚, 为高速列车技术进行培训, 来拓宽全球市场。
3. Some singles have got on the C9999 “Love Train” to get to know each other and look for their partners.
一些单身人士已经登上了C9999“爱情列车”, 开始认识彼此寻找他们的伴侣。
4. Tourists are urged to follow local COVID-19 containment protocols, such as wearing masks and keeping social distance at public venues.
游客要自觉遵守当地新冠疫情防控规定, 例如在公共场所戴口罩并保持社交距离。
【要点拾遗】
1. abandoned adj. 被遗弃的
*We saw abandoned farms which were built more than a hundred years ago.
我们看到一些一百多年前建造的现已废弃的农场。
*Despite some difficulties, we are not going to abandon the plan.
尽管遇到了一些困难, 但我们不打算放弃这个计划。
* Abandoned to playing computer games, he didn’t pass the exam.
由于沉溺于玩电脑游戏, 他没有通过考试。
abandon vt. 抛弃, 遗弃(某人);离弃, 逃离(某地);放弃, 终止
abandon oneself to sth. =be abandoned to sth.
放纵, 沉湎于
(1)语法填空
①We often see some abandoned(abandon)pets in the street.
②Abandoning(abandon) phone calls means getting away from the modern life.
(2)The student was not abandoned to playing computer games any more.
那个学生不再沉迷于玩电脑游戏了。
2. train vt. 训练 n. 火车
*The match was abandoned because of bad weather but they continued to train.
比赛因天气恶劣而取消但他们继续训练。
* The workers are trained to operate the machine.
训练工人们操作机器。
*Travelling by train is more relaxing than driving.
乘火车旅行比驾车轻松。
(1)train sb. as/to be. . . 把某人训练为……
train (sb. ) for sth. /to do sth. . . . 为了……训练(某人)
(2)training n. 训练
(3)catch/miss the train 赶上/没赶上火车
by train 乘火车
(2021·天津高考) A French medical-imaging technologist was invited to train a few members in the medical-imaging department of the children’s hospital.
一位法国医学影像技术专家应邀在儿童医院的医学影像科培训一些成员。
(1)语法填空
①In spite of the fact that he was not a trained (train) economist, his achievements were remarkable.
②It’s necessary for them to receive training (train) before doing the job.
③Hangzhou No. 2 High school students train to become (become) “wolf warriors”.
(2)They went to the camp by train to be trained.
他们乘火车去营地接受训练。
(3)My sister has been trained as/to be an excellent nurse.
我姐姐已经被训练成为一名优秀的护士。
3. shoot vt. 射杀
*It’s reported that about 10 people were shot to death by the terrorists last week.
据报道, 上周大约有10人被恐怖分子枪杀。
*The man shot at the bird in the distance but missed.
那个人朝远处的鸟儿开枪但未打中。
辨析shoot和shoot at
shoot “射杀, 击中”, 强调结果
shoot at “向……射击”, 但不一定射中, 强调过程
【熟词生义】
①As soon as she got close, the old woman’s hand shot out. (v. 伸出)
她一靠近, 那老妇人的手就猛地伸了出来。
②They had almost reached the boat when a figure shot past them. (v. 冲;奔)
他们差不多快到船边时, 一个人影从他们旁边飞奔而过。
(1)语法填空
①The new soldier shot at the target, but missed it again.
②The prisoner who tried to escape was shot(shoot) and died.
(2)He who shoots at the moon will shoot higher than the one who aims at a tree.
朝月亮射击的人总比瞄准树的人射得高。
4. scenery n. 风景, 景色
*We were enjoying the beautiful scenery when we noticed a hunter shooting at a bird.
我们正在欣赏美景突然注意到一个猎人正在射杀一只鸟。
*The boats in the river made a beautiful scene, and the scene of two men saving a drowning boy made the world look more beautiful.
河中的船只构成美丽的景色, 两个人救溺水男孩的一幕使这个世界看起来更美。
* (2021·天津高考) China’s National Highway 318, extending over 5, 000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the “heavenly road” for its amazing views.
中国的国道318号, 从上海到西藏樟木, 延伸出5 000多公里, 因为它令人赞叹的景观, 被称为“天堂之路”。
【易混辨析】
scenery 不可数名词, (总称)风景、景色, 指自然风光, 是由多个scene构成的景色, 常译为“景色, 风景”
scene 可数名词, 表示在某一特定环境中呈现的景色, 可指具体的“情景或现场”;scene还可指戏剧中的一幕
view 常指从某处俯视的情景(如从窗口往外看), 也可指“见解, 看法”
sight “风景, 名胜”, 是眼睛所看到的景象, 可以指美丽的风景, 也可以指悲惨的景象, 常用复数形式sights表示名胜古迹、人文景观
(2020·全国Ⅲ卷) Discover the China of past ages, its walled cities, temples and mountain scenery with Prof.
与教授一起探索中国过去的历史, 它的有城墙的城市, 寺庙和山景。
用scenery, scene, view, sight填空
(1)The beautiful scenery and convenient transport here will surely make your trip pleasant.
(2) Do you remember the scene in the play where Susan meets Alan for the first time
(3)All the houses were burned down. What a terrible sight it was!
(4)On the top of the mountain as we looked around us, we were surprised by the view.
5. What do you think the central part of the country is like 你认为这个国家的中部怎么样
【句式解构】
(1)What do you think sb. /sth. be like 就某人/物的内在本质或外观提问, 意为“你认为某人/物怎么样 ”相当于How do you+ like/find sb. /sth.
(2)句中do you think是插入语, 通常位于特殊疑问词之后, do you think后面的部分要用陈述语序。
*—What do you think the girl is like
—She is kind and beautiful.
——你认为这个女孩怎么样
——她善良而且美丽。
*Who do you think made the film Forever Young
你认为谁制作了《无问西东》这部电影
用于此句型的动词除think外, 还有believe, consider, suppose, imagine和suggest等。
(1)—What do you think the student is like
—He is clever and handsome.
——你认为那位同学怎么样
——他聪明, 长得也帅。
(2)Who do you think will be sent to look into the accident
你认为会派谁去调查这起事故
(3)Where do you think he will buy a new house
你认为他会在哪儿买一座新房子
Ⅰ. 语段填词
1. In the desert (沙漠), the police found an abandoned (被遗弃的)motorbike (摩托车)and they decided to find out who it belonged to.
2. Some experts (专家) who were riding camels(骆驼)across the Sahara Desert were attracted by the surprising scenery(风景)of the desert.
3. During an online distance(距离) learning, I learned how to train (训练) dogs and I began to have a strong interest in it.
4. One midnight (半夜), I took out the product (产品)I bought in the journey (旅行)in the day and found it shining like a diamond(钻石), which made me surprised.
5. After he shot (射杀) the bird, he buried it under some soil(土壤).
Ⅱ. 用下面短语的适当形式填空
get on, get off , get into, get out of, take off, be short for, not. . . any more
1. I don’t have time to stop and chat—my train’s leaving in ten minutes and I need to find where I can get on!
2. We got off the bus and walked into the cold wind.
3. After the helicopter took off, they returned to their office.
4. VCR is short for video cassette recorder.
5. I will not go to the hospital any more because the doctor is not friendly to the patients.
6. When they got out of the car, they saw their friends waiting for them at the gate of the hotel.
7. When somebody was running after me, I saw a car, got into it and drove away.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. When do you think he began to do business in WeChat
你认为他是在什么时候开始在微信里做生意的
2. What a wonderful world it is!/How wonderful the world is!
这是一个多么美好的世界!
3. The concerts held in China to greet the upcoming New Year were wonderful.
为迎接即将到来的新年在中国举办的音乐会很精彩。
4. Now they are driving by the house which Andy has described.
现在他们正在经过Andy描述的那座房子。
5. If you have finished eating you may leave the table.
你要是吃完了, 就可以离席了。
Ⅳ. 课文语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Alice Thompson 1. comes(come) from Sydney and is 18 years old.
2. Recently(recent), she had a long-distance train. 3. What a ride! On the train, they ate great meals cooked by experts and the scenery was very colourful. They first 4. saw(see) fields with dark red soil, and then desert. During the day, she sat and looked out of the window and talked to other 5. passengers(passenger). At midnight, the stars shone 6. like diamonds. Why is the train called Ghan A long time ago, Australians needed a way 7. to travel(travel) to the middle of the country. They tried 8. riding(ride) horses, but the horses didn’t like 9. the hot weather. They brought camels from Afghanistan. In the 1920s, a new railway line 10. was built(build) and the camels were no longer needed.
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17模块素养培优(三) Module 3
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. The moon’s distance (distant) from the earth remains the same, but its direction continually changes.
2. There are many abandoned (abandon) houses all over this area with no one living in them for ages.
3. Three experts (expert) have described how a teenage girl was struck by lightning while using her phone in a large London park.
4. Warned not to hang out at midnight, the boy headed home soon.
5. Alan, 17, was shot (shoot) and killed by a gang member.
6. The soldiers have been trained (train) to be able to adapt to difficult conditions in the past two months.
7. What frightened (frighten) us was that a tiger turned up suddenly in front of us.
8. Your ability to speak several foreign languages can impress all the interviewers (interview) a lot.
9. Two soldiers, hungry and exhausted (exhaust), came upon a small village.
10. Six million people travel by rail each day.
Ⅱ. 用下面短语的适当形式填空
get on, get into, get out of, take off, be short for, not. . . any more, out of date, refer to, at a speed of, a long time ago
1. The tired worker got on the bus, took a seat and began to sleep.
2. A long time ago people thought that the Sun went round the Earth.
3. The Long March No. 2 Rocket sent up the satellite into space at a speed of 11. 2 kilometers per second.
4. The food is out of date so don’t sell it to customers.
5. People with an impulsive(冲动的)personality refer to those who do things without considering the possible dangers or problems first.
6. After the illness, he did not eat unhealthily any more.
7. VOA is short for Voice of America.
8. When I got into the taxi, I found the driver was one of my old classmates.
9. Getting out of the car, we went into our house immediately.
10. The plane crashed shortly after it took off.
Ⅲ. 根据提示完成句子
1. The bike bought online looks nice.
在网上买的这辆自行车看起来很好。(过去分词短语作定语)
2. What a brave boy you are!
你是一个多么勇敢的男孩子啊!(what感叹句)
3. Putting down his bag, he shook his hand with me.
放下他的袋子, 他和我握手。(现在分词作状语)
4. Would you mind if I used your mobile phone
你介意我使用你的手机吗 (would you mind if)
5. The government passed a law which bans the children under 12 riding a bike on the street.
政府通过了一项法律, 它禁止12岁以下的孩子在街上骑自行车。(定语从句)
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
A
Garden of the Drunken Bai Pond
With a history of more than 300 years, the Pond of the Drunken Bai, a classical garden in the style of Ming Dynasty, is among the Five Classical Gardens in Shanghai. “Bai” is said to be Li Bai, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. However, some believe that “Bai” indicates Bai Juyi, another well-known poet in the Tang Dynasty.
Zhujiajiao Ancient Town
Located at the bank of the Dianshan Lake in Qingpu District, Zhujiajiao Ancient Town, with a history of over 1, 000 years, has been known as “Venice of Shanghai” for its simple but attractive appearance. Inside the town are rivers and bridges, giving tourists a sense of the ancient time.
Upside-down House
In China, the upside-down house is a new thing, but in foreign countries, it is getting more and more popular in recent years, especially in Poland. As is name suggests, the house is built inverted(倒置的). Inside it, all the furniture and household items are placed upside down. People will feel the magic of a disorder space when walking in the house.
Chenshan Botanical Garden
The garden covers a total area of about 206 hectares(公顷). Its theme is “Plant and Health”, combining research, education and landscape appreciation. It opened to the public in April, 2010, and is expected to be the largest one in Shanghai.
Tickets: 40 yuan per person; children under 1. 2m: free of charge if accompanied by an adult.
【文章大意】本文属于应用文, 介绍了上海市四个旅游景点。
1. Which of the following might have the longest history
A. Upside-down House.
B. Zhujiajiao Ancient Town.
C. Chenshan Botanical Garden.
D. Garden of the Drunken Bai Pond.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段Located at the bank of the Dianshan Lake in Qingpu District, Zhujiajiao Ancient Town, with a history of over 1, 000 years, has been known as “Venice of Shanghai” for its simple but attractive appearance. 可知, 朱家角的历史超过1000年, 是四个景点中历史最长的, 故选B。
2. What can we know about the upside-down house
A. It is the most popular tourist attraction in Poland.
B. It is increasing in popularity in foreign countries.
C. It is the latest fashion sweeping across the whole world.
D. It has been completely accepted both at home and abroad.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段In China, the upside-down house is a new thing, but in foreign countries, it is getting more and more popular in recent years, especially in Poland. 可知, 在中国, 颠倒放置房屋是一个新鲜事物, 但是在国外, 近年来正变得越来越流行, 尤其是在波兰, 故选B。
3. How much will a couple with a kid(1. 4m)pay for Chenshan Botanical Garden
A. 80 yuan B. 100 yuan
C. 120 yuan D. 160 yuan
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段Tickets: 40 yuan per person; children under 1. 2m: free of charge if accompanied by an adult. 可知, 植物园的票价是40元每人, 1. 2米以下的孩子在成年人陪同下免费, 故可以得出一对夫妇加一个
1. 4米的孩子, 票价共120元, 故选C。
B
A Journey to the Yosemite Firefall
Each year, thousands of people are attracted to the Yosemite National Park in California for a chance of seeing - and photographing - the unique “firefall”. The amazing “firefall” comes to life only when there is enough water from the melting (融化) snow to keep the Horsetail Fall flowing and when the light of the setting sun hits the waterfall at the right angle. It can only be seen for a short time in February on clear sunny days.
This year, the weather isn’t stopping the “firefall” from happening, but it is making the journey to see it more difficult.
“What would have been a 10-minute walk turned into a two-hour hike through deep snow ” photographer Ryan Fitzsimons said about his recent trip to see the phenomenon. “Our clothes were all wet by the time we got to a viewing site. But the heavy snow made the sight much more beautiful since the waterfall is much bigger this year. ”
Another photographer Andy Heitz was making his first trip to see the “firefall”. He had to wait five hours in the extreme cold for his turn to take a picture.
“I got to the site at about 12: 00 at noon. The place was already filled with hundreds of people waiting to see and photograph the ‘firefall’. I was so lucky that I shot a really wonderful burner! I was completely amazed with what I saw, ” he said. “You know, only on a couple days of the year in February and when the sun sets down at the perfect angle to shine on Yosemite’s Horsetail Fall can we see the ‘Fire Fall’. I’ll never forget what I have seen. ”
The “firefall” should continue to be there from 20 to 24 February. But park officials said that there’s no guarantee (保证) that visitors will see it on any given day.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国加州约塞米蒂的“火瀑布”。
4. When might be the best time to take pictures of the “firefall”
A. Early in the morning. B. At noon.
C. Late in the afternoon. D. At night.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The amazing ‘firefall’ comes to life only when there is enough water from the melting snow to keep the Horsetail Fall flowing and when the light of the setting sun hits the waterfall at the right angle. ”可知, “火瀑布”形成于日落时分, 也是最好的拍照时间。故选C。
5. What does the underlined word “burner” in Paragraph 5 refer to
A. A worker in the kitchen.
B. The fire in the Yosemite National Park.
C. A part of a cooker or stove.
D. The unique Horsetail Fall in the setting sun.
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子后面内容“You know, only on a couple days of the year in February and when the sun sets down at the perfect angle to shine on Yosemite’s Horsetail Fall can we see the ‘Fire Fall’. ”可知, 他拍到了完美的“火瀑布”。由此推知, 画线词burner 指的就是The unique Horsetail Fall in the setting sun. (夕阳下独特的马尾瀑布)。故选D。
6. Why might the “firefall” disappear between 20 to 24 February this year
A. There wouldn’t be enough snow.
B. It might be too cloudy.
C. The waterfall might not freeze.
D. The snow might met too fast.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It can only be seen for a short time in February on clear sunny days. ”结合文章第三段中的“But the heavy snow made the sight much more beautiful since the waterfall is much bigger this year. ”可知, 今年刚下了大雪, 所以“火瀑布”可能会消失的原因只能是没有太阳。故选B。
7. What is the main purpose of this text
A. To introduce an attraction.
B. To give suggestions for a trip.
C. To advertise a park in the US.
D. To explain what is a “firefall”.
【解析】选A。 推理判断题。结合文章的题目“A Journey to the Yosemite Firefall(约塞米蒂“火瀑布”之旅)”和文章内容可知, 文章的主要目的是介绍一个著名的景观——约塞米蒂“火瀑布”。故选A。
Ⅴ. 微写作
运用教材中出现的词汇, 根据下面的提示写一篇关于自己的旅游经历的文章。
1. 乘火车从济南到上海去面试;
2. 沿途的风景和经历;
3. 面试的结果。
注意: 词数: 80个左右。
核心要点提示:
①my first ride on a long-distance train
②I enjoyed the beautiful scenery.
③I went downtown by tram.
④The interviewer told me that I was accepted.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
I will never forget my first ride on a long-distance train last year. For a job interview, I got on the train in Jinan.
On the train, I enjoyed the beautiful scenery and ate great meals cooked by experts. There were crops in the red soil, abandoned farms and even eagles flying in the sky. At midnight, I saw the stars shining like diamonds while listening to cassettes.
When I got off in Shanghai, I went downtown by tram for my interview. On the way back, the interviewer told me that I was accepted. I felt very excited though a little exhausted.
语法填空
My family took a trip to New York City last summer. We were very
1. ________(excite). It was our first trip to New York. We 2. ________(fly) to New York on Sunday morning. The weather was sunny. The trip on the plane was very fine. We arrived at about 3: 00 p. m. We stayed there 3. ________one week.
We didn’t have much free time during our visit to New York. We were busy. On Monday, we visited the science museum. The next day, we took the train to Long Beach. It was interesting and we had 4. ________ happy time.
However, one day was 5. ________(real) exciting for Maria. On Friday, we wanted 6. ________(go) to Central Park. First, we took a subway into the city. Later on, we took a bus to Central Park. There were many people on the bus. After ten 7. ________(minute), we got off the bus at the park. But we found Maria wasn’t with us. She was on the bus! She didn’t get off. My father ran after the bus. At last, the 8. ________(drive) stopped the bus and Maria got off. She was very
9. ________(care) on the buses and trains after that.
We came back to Los Angeles the next day. We got home late Saturday evening. We were tired, 10. ________ we were happy. We had a wonderful time in New York. However, Maria is never going to forget her scary bus trip.
【文章大意】作者记述了自己一家人去纽约旅行的故事。
1. 【解析】excited。考查非谓语动词。此处表示“我们”感到很兴奋, 所以用excited作表语。
2. 【解析】flew。考查动词的时态。根据上下文可知, 此处描述过去发生的事情, 所以用一般过去时。
3. 【解析】for。考查介词。此处指“我们”在那里待了一周。for+时间段, 表示“持续多长时间”。
4. 【解析】a。考查冠词。have a happy/good time表示“玩得开心”, 是固定表达。
5. 【解析】really。考查副词。really是副词, 修饰后面的形容词exciting。
6. 【解析】to go。考查非谓语动词。want to do sth. 想要做某事。
7. 【解析】minutes。考查名词的复数。minute是可数名词, 根据空前面的ten可知此处用复数形式。
8. 【解析】driver。考查名词。此处指司机把车停下来。
9. 【解析】careful。考查形容词。经历了没有下车和“我们”分开的事情后, Maria在汽车或火车上很小心。所以填careful。
10. 【解析】but。考查连词。此处表示“我们很累, 但我们很开心”, 所以填but。
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