中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 14 重点知识归纳
Section A
survey n. v. 调查 surveys n. (pl. )
do /make a survey (about) 做一份关于....的调查
eg:I did/made a survey about how the students spent their weekends . 我做了一篇关于学生们如何度过哦他们的周末的调查。
standard n. 标准水平 adj. 标准的； 规范的
meet the standards of 达到...标准
eg:We did homework carefully to meet the standards of our teachers . 我们小心地做作业以达到我们老师的标准。
set a standard (for...) 为....制定标准
the standard of .... ... 的标准
eg:The standard of his living is very high . 他的生活标准非常高。
by sb’s standard 按照某人的标准来看
high/low standard 高/低标准
row n. 一排； 一行； 一列； 争吵； 争辩 v. 划船
in a row 成一排；连续几次的
eg:Don’t stand in a row when you go across the street . 当你过马路时别站成一排。
He scored two goals in a row during a soccer competition . 在足球比赛中他连续地射进了2个球。
in row +数字 在第...排
eg:What row are you in I’m in row two 你在第几排？ 我在第二排。
in the first row 在第一排 in the last row 在最后一排
in the front /back row 在前/后排
keyboard n. 键盘 电子乐器 play the keyboard 弹琴
play the erhu /dizi /violin /guitar /drums / piano 弹二胡/笛子/小提琴/鼓/钢琴
method n. 方法； 措施 teaching method (s)教学方法/措施
eg: He has improved his teaching methods . 他已经提高了教学方法。
the method of (doing)sth (做）....的措施
instruction n. 指示； 命令； 使用说明（常用复数） instruct v. 指示/导 ; 命令
eg:You’d better read the instructions carefully before you use the camera . 在你使用相机前，你最好读一下使用说明。
follow the instructions for 遵守...的指示
eg:You should follow the instructions for using the machine 你应该遵守使用机器的指示。
instructions to do sth 做...的指令
eg:They received instructions to watch him. 他们收到了看护他的指令。
instructions on ... 关于某事的指示/说明
eg:He gave me some instructions on how to solve the problem. 他给我一些关于如何解决问题的指令。
double v. 加倍； 是....的两倍 adj. 两倍的； 加倍的 a double bed 双人床
eg:The boss will double my wages 老板会加倍我的工资。
shall 情态v. 常于第一人称，含义上等于will 用于将来时
shall +主+V原型+其他....？ 让我们...好吗？ （提建议）
eg：Shall we go out for a picnic this weekend 这周我们出去野餐好吗？
肯定回答：Sounds good . That’s a good idea .
否定回答： I’m afraid ... I don’t think so . I’d love to , but .... Sorry , but .... Sorry , I can’t . I’m afraid no . Sorry , I’m not available
look back at /on 回首（往事）； 回忆
eg:Looking back at these past three years . 回顾这三年逝去的时光。
thinking back to those times 回想那过去的岁月
eg:He always looks back at his childhood in this place 他总是回忆起在这个地方的童年 。
overcome overcame (过） overcome (过分） =get over 克服；战胜
pride of overcoming fear 克服恐惧的自豪
eg:He has enough courage to overcome difficulty 他有足够的勇气克服困难。
be overcome by 被....制服
make a mess 弄得一团糟 mess n. 脏乱； v. 搞砸； 弄乱
eg:The kids made a mess in the bedroom . 孩子们把卧室弄得一团糟
make a mess of +n/pron/doing 把...弄得一团糟
eg:I feel I have made a mess of the situation 我感觉我已经把局势弄得一团糟
be in a mess 处于混乱的状态 a mess of 许多
get into a mess 陷入混乱
eg:The kitchen was in a terrible mess . 厨房处于混乱中。
mess up 把...弄乱/搞砸
eg:I don’t want anyone to mess up my future . 我不想任何人搞砸我的未来。
graduate v. 毕业； 获得学位 graduation n. 毕业
graduate from 从....毕业
eg:He graduated from the famous university last year . 去年他从著名大学毕业。
14 attend the graduation ceremony 参加毕业典礼
15 keep one’s cool 沉住气； 保持冷静
lose one’s cool 失去冷静
cool v. 冷静； 凉爽 ajd. 冷静的； 凉爽的
eg:You’d better keep your cool when you are interviewed . 当你被采访时你最好保持冷静。
caring adj. 体贴的； 关心他人的
eg:They’re caring teachers . 他们时体贴的老师。
care v. 担心； 关心 adj. careful 仔细的 carefully adv. 仔细地
careless adj. 粗心的 carelessness n. 粗心； 大意
care about 关心； 在乎； 介意 care for 喜欢； 照顾； 照料
eg:He doesn’t care about his health. 他不关心他的健康。
take care to do = be careful to do sth 小心做某事
be careful to sb/sth 小心某人/事
take care of =look after = care for 照顾
17 ours 我们的(名词性物主代词）
mine yours hers his theirs its
eg:Whose books are these = Whose are these books 这些书是谁的？
They are ours =They are our books =They belong to us 他们是我们的
18 senior adj. 级别的或地位高的; 高级的 junior adj. 初级的； 地位较低的
at junior high school 在初中 at senior high school 在高中
primary school 小学 high school 中学
be senior to .... 比....级别高/年长
be junior to ... 比...级别低/幼小
eg: He is ten years senior to my brother . 他比我弟弟年长10岁.
text n. 课文 textbook n. 教科书; 教材 in the text 在课文中 in the textbook 在课文中
go by （时间）逝去； 过去 eg:Time goes by quickly . 时光飞逝。
As time goes by . 随着时光流逝。
Two years went by . 两年过去了。
eg: How fast the time went by . 时间过得真快！
level n. 水平； 程度； 水平线 adj. 水平的
eg:My English level has been improving . 我的英语水平提高了。
high/low level 高/低水平 at a high /low level 达到高/低水平
目标语言对话：
A：Junior high school days are over .Let’s share memories of junior high school. 初中的日子要结束了。咱们分享一下初中生活的记忆。
B：I remember meeting all of you in Grade 7. Do you have any special memories 我记得七年级的所有的你们。 你有一些特别的记忆吗？
A:At junior high school , I remember winning a prize in Grade 7 , and I remember being a volunteer in Grade 8 . What about you 在初中，我记得在七年级获过奖，并且我记得八年级成为一名志愿者。你呢？
B:I remember doing a school survey and I remember a friend helping me with a problem in Grade 9 . 我记得做过一个学校调查并且我记得在九年级一个朋友帮我解决问题。
A：We have enjoyed every year of junior high school . Frank remembers losing a school bag and Sarah remembers meeting this group of friends. 我们享受初中的每一年。 弗兰克记得丢了一个书包和Sarah 记得遇见了这些朋友。
B：I remember scoring two goals in a row during a soccer competition and I have learned to play the keyboard in music class . 我记得在足球比赛中进了两个球并且我已经在音乐课学会电子琴。
A：Which teacher will you miss the most after junior high school 初中毕业后你最想念哪个老师？
B: Mr. Brown and Ms. Lee . Mr Brown was so strict . I always did my homework carefully to meet his standards /the standards of him . But he guided me to do a lot better in science . He always took the time to explain things to me clearly whenever I couldn’t understand anything . 布朗先生和李老师。布朗先生是如此严厉。我总是认真做作业来达到他的标准。 但他指导我在科学课做的更好。 他总是花时间清楚地向我解释事情无论何时我不明白的时候。
A: I know that Ms Lee was always patient with you in math class . She helped you to work out the answers yourself no matter how difficult they were because of her . I put in more effort and my exam scores doubled . 我知道李老师总是在数学课上对你细心。 因为她能帮你独立算出答案无论它们有多么难。我付出更多的努力并且成绩成倍提高。
B：Do you remember Mr. Hunt 你记得Mr. Hunt 吗 ？
A：Of course ! He’s a great teacher . He gave really clear instructions during P.E. class so that we’d be safe when playing sports . 当然！他是一个好老师。它在体育课给出十分清晰的指令以便于我们做运动时时安全的。
B:Yes. I really liked Mr. Hunts teaching methods . I remember I had a health problem and I was advised to take a break from running by him . 是的，我十分喜欢Mr. Hunts的教学方法。 我记得我有健康问题并且我被建议跑步时休息。
A：I remember you hurt your knee in P.E. class . What happened in Grade 7that was special 我记得你在体育课伤到你的膝盖。 在七年级你发生什么特别的什么了 ？
B:Our team won the school basketball competition . 我们队赢得了篮球比赛。
A：How have you changed since you started junior high school 自从你上初中，你是如何改变的？
B：I’ve become much better at speaking English .我已经在说英语上更擅长了。
A：How do you think things will be different in senior high school 你认为高中会有什么不同？
B: I think that I’ll have to study much harder for exams 我认为我不得不为考试更努力学习。
A：What are your plans for next year 明年你的计划是什么？
B：I’m going to join the school volleyball game 我打算参加学校排球比赛。
A：What do you remember about Grade 8 关于八年级你记得什么？
B：I remember being a volunteer. 我记得成为了一名志愿者。
A: What did you use to do that you don’t do now 你过去常不做什么 ？
B：I used to take dance lessons , but I don’t any more 我过去常上舞蹈课，但我不再了。
A:What are you looking forward to 你盼望什么 ？
B:I’m looking forward to going to senior high school 我盼望上高中。
remember to do sth记得要做的事 remember doing sth 记得做过的事
at junior high school 在初中
win the first prize 赢得一等奖
volunteer to do sth 自愿做某事
eg:He volunteers to help to clean the classroom. 他自愿帮助打扫教室。
volunteer time to do sth 自愿花时间做某事
eg:They volunteer their free time to learn English . 他们自愿他们的空闲时间学英语。
27 help sb with sth 在某方面帮助某人 help sb out 帮助某人摆脱困难 help out with ...在..帮助摆脱困难
28 be strict with sb 对某人严格 be strict in sth 对某事严格
eg:Our teacher is strict with me 我们老师对我很严格
in our homework 对我们的作业严格
lose one’s way =be lost 迷路
enjoy every year of junior high school 享受初中生活的每一年
have a score 进了一个球=score a goal
score two goals 进了两个球 get good scores 取得好成绩 scores of .... 许多； 大量
a soccer competition 一场足球比赛 compete v. 比赛； 竞赛 compete with 与...竞争
eg:They compete with each other for the first prize .他们比赛赢得了一等奖
competitor n. 竞争者
in music class 在音乐课上
advise doing sth 建议做某事 advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
sb be advised to do sth 某人被建议做某事
a piece of advice 一条建议 follow sb’s advice 遵循某人的建议 ask sb for advice 向某人寻求建议 give sb some advice 给某人一些建议 advice on ... 关于...的建议 get advice from 从...达到建议 advise sb on/about sth 在某方面给某人建议
take a break =have a break /rest 休息一下 take breaks 休息几次 break down 损坏
break out 爆发 break+身体部位 弄破某部位
eg:He fell down and broke his right leg . 他摔倒了并且弄破了右腿。
have a health problem 有健康问题
rock band 摇滚乐队 hair band 发带 a band of 一伙
memory n. 记忆； 回忆 memorize v. 记住； 熟记 sweet memories 甜蜜的回忆 in memory of ... 为了纪念...
eg:They hold the party in memory of a well-known artist . 他们举办派对为了纪念一个著名的艺术家。
be patient with 对...有耐心 patient n. 病人 adj. 有耐心的
eg:The doctor is patient with his patients 医生对病人是耐心的。
work out 解决； 算出； 拟定出
guide v. 向导； 指引 v. 引导； 指导； 指引 tour guide 导游
guide sb to do sth 指导某人做某事
eg:They guided me to find the way 他们指导我找到路。
guide sb to +地点 指引某人顶到某地
eg:He can guide you to the classroom .他能指引你到教室。
take the medicine 吃药 the medicine for ... 治....的药
eg:I took the medicine for my headache 我吃治我头疼病的药。
medical adj. 医疗的 medical purpose /research 医学目的/调查
take (the)time to do sth 花费时间做某事 =spend time to do sth
eg:I never take my free time to play computer games 我从不花我的空闲时间玩游戏。
explain sth to sb 向某人解释某事
eg:He explained his coming to me 他向我解释他的到来。
encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事
put in 投入； 花费
eg:He always puts in an hour reading before breakfast .他总是在早饭前投入一个小时看书 。
put....in .... 在...上投入....
eg:He has put so much money in learning English . 他已经在学英语上投入太多的钱。
put down 放下 put out 熄灭 put off 推迟 put away 把...收起来 put on 穿上 put up 张贴；搭起 put in more effort 投入更多的努力 make an effort 做出努力 make an effort to do sth 努力做某事
eg:She made an effort to finish her homework before ten 她十点钱努力完成作业
spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事
eg：I’ll spare no effort to help you 我会不遗余力的帮助你。
without effort 毫不费力
eg:He passed the exam without effort 她毫不费力通过了考试。
buy/get sb sth =get/buy sth for sb 为某人买某物
the main subject =the main idea 主题
the bell rings 铃响 ring the bell按响门铃
ring-rang -rung give sb a ring =ring sb up 给某人打电话
in excitement 兴奋地 be excited about 对...感到兴奋
be excited to do sth 兴奋地做某事
the school sports day /meeting 学校运动会
fear/be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事
eg:He fears to stay at home alone . 他害怕自己待在家。
for fear of ... 因为害怕...
eg:I handed in my homework for fear of our teacher . 因为害怕老师我交我的作业。
start day one 开学第一天
my whole class =all my class 全班同学
get better together 共同进步 pull together 齐心协力
prepare for =get ready for 为..做准备
eg：Our teacher told us to prepare for the coming exam 我们老师告诉我们为即将来临的考试做准备.
prepare to do sth =get ready to do sth 准备做某事
eg:The students are preparing to welcome their new teachers . 同学们正准备欢迎他们的新老师。
prepare sth for sb 为某人准备某物
eg: Mother prepared a great dinner for us . 妈妈为我们准备了丰盛的晚宴。
mess n. 杂乱； 不整洁 v. 弄乱； 搞砸
be in a mess 处于混乱的状态
eg:The kitchen was in a terrible mess . 厨房处于混乱的状态。
mess up 弄乱； 搞砸 get into a mes 陷入困境； 遇到麻烦 make a mess 弄得一团糟
eg:She made a mess of the job 他搞砸这份工作。
at the New Year’s party 在新年晚会上
go to the New Year’s party 去新年的派对
59 wish/hope to do 希望做某事 wish sb to do sth 祝愿某人做某事
Eg: I wish you to have a good trip 我祝愿你旅途愉快。
best wishes 最好的祝愿
a foreign land 异国他乡 foreign language 外语 foreigner n. 外国人
challenge n. v. 挑战 challenge oneself 挑战自我
challenge oneself in the face of difficulties面对困难挑战自我
challenge to do sth 挑战做某事
challenge sb to do sth 挑战某人做某事
in dining hall 在餐厅
be/become better at doing sth 更擅长做某事
look forward to doing sth 盼望，期望做某事
eg:I’m looking forward to going to senior high school . 我盼望去高中。
get poor grades 取得不好得成绩
have trouble /difficulty /problems (in) doing sth 做某事/在某方面有问题/困难/费力
with sb’s help =with the help of sb 在某人得帮助下
eg: I got better grades with the teacher’s help . 在老师得帮助下我取得了更好的成绩。
at the end of the year 在年末
be in senior /junior high school 在高中/初中（状态）
plans for ... ...的计划
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Unit 14 Section A 要点集训
句意填词 根据所给句子，填入一个适当的单词，使句意完整
Let’s do a s_____ about the pollution in the river and make a report .
The boy didn’t enter a university after s_____ high school .
This is a d_____desk . You two can use it together .
You’d keep your ______ when you meet something unexpected .
Read the passage carefully and underlined the key sentence in the t____ .
She is an extremely c______ mother and she often washes clothes for us .
My English l______ isn’t very high . Please speak slower .
All the students stood in a r______ on the playground and washes clothes for us .
The k______ of my computer is broken . I can’t type now.
What a terrible m______ you made ! Please clean it up at once .
语法填空 用括号内所给单词的适当形式完成句子。
Mark was caught in trouble . With his brother’s help , he ______ (overcome) it .
The price of house has _______ (double) over the past few years.
But along with difficulties , there will also be many exciting things _____ (wait) for you .
They do homework carefully to meet the ______ (standard) of the teachers .
This picture reminds me of good ______ (memory ) of my childhood.
Mr. Li gave us really clear ______ (instruction) so that we’d be safe when playing sports.
It has been three years since he _____ (graduate) , but he hasn’t found a job .
I still remember ______ (take) to Beijing when I was a little girl .
With time _____ (go) by , we have to separate from our dear teachers and students .
Miss Wang guided me _____ (make) greater progress in English .
III 单项选择 从每题所给的三个选项中，选出一个正确的答案。
( ) 1. -What do you think of our hotel
-Good ！ I’m especially satisfied with the high ______ of your service .
speed B. level C. praise
( ) 2. -Do you think our table tennis team will win the first place
-Yes, I think so . ______ is much stronger .
Ours B. Theirs C. Yours
( ) 3. We must read the _____ on the bottle carefully before taking medicine .
instructions B. inventions C. invitations
( ) 4. As long as you do your best , you never fail _____ what you want .
get B. getting C. to get
( ) 5. Don’t ______ the sad things . I think you should cheer up .
look out of B. look back at C . look forward to
( ) 6. -Why was Mary so happy
-She scored three goals _____ during the basketball competition just now .
in a row B. in time C. in fact
( ) 7. I think reading aloud is one of the best ______ to learn English well .
causes B. hobbies C. methods
( ) 8. When you are in trouble , it’s better to _____ and think about asking for helping .
keep your cool B. get nervous C . keep sad
( ) 9. He often takes the time ____ summer holidays with his grandparents .
to spend B. spend C. spending
( ) 10. -David , keep _____ in mind that you have to be home by 10 o’clock .
-OK, Mom , I will .
it B. me C. this
( ) 11.This is just between you and me . You ____ tell anyone about this .
mustn’t B. can C. should
( ) 12. Our math teacher _____ to our school at the age of 20 and she _____ in our school for more than 30 years.
comes ; taught B. came ; taught C . came ; has taught
( ) 13. He used to _______ problems ______ along with his classmates , but he can get on well with them now .
have ; get B. has ; gets C. have ; getting
( ) 14. -Do you still remember ____ this group of friends in 2020
-Yes. But I forgot where I _____ them .
seeing ; meet B. to see ; met C. seeing ; met
( ) 15. I will face the difficulties bravely _____ difficult they are .
whatever B. wherever C. however
IV 初中生活就要结束了，时间对于即将毕业的学生来说尤为珍贵。为了迎接美好的未来，每个人都应该珍惜有限的时间，做有意义的事情，下面是一篇关于时间的短文，请将其补充完整，每空一词 。
People say, “Time is money” But I think time is more 1. ______ than money . Why Because when money is spent , we can get it back . However , 2. ____ time is gone , it won’t return . That is why we mustn’t waste time .
It goes without saying that time is usually limited . Even a second is very important . We should make full use of our time to do 3. ______useful .
It is a pity there are lots of people who don’t realize the importance of time . They 4. _____ their limited time watching TV or playing computer games . They do not know that wasting time means wasting part of their own 5. _______ .
In a word , we should save time. We shouldn’t leave today’s work for tomorrow . Remember we don’t have time to waste .
参考答案
1. survey 2. senior 3. double 4. cool 5. text 6. caring 7. level 8. row 9. keyboard 10. mess
1. overcame 2. doubled 3. waiting 4. standards 5. memories 6. instructions 7. graduated 8. being taken 9. going 10. to make
1-5 BAACB 6-10 ACAAA 11-15 ACCCC
1. valuable /important 2. when 3. something 4. spend 5. lives
号
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