(共27张PPT)
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1.defend v. adj. n.
defend...from/against 保护……免受伤害
in defence of 为了保卫……
例如:Students should be trained to (保护自己免遭) some attacks.
2.talented adj. n.
have a talent for 有……的天赋
例如:He showed (有音乐天赋) from an early age.
3. v. 上学,出席,护理 attend to 处理,照顾
例如:I’m going to the city where you live
(参加一个会议).
防卫
defence
defend themselves against
有天资的
talent
a talent for music
attend
to attend a meeting
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4.immediate adj. adv./conj.
例如:He rushed out (一……就) he heard the noise.
5.deserve v. deserve doing=deserve to be done值得被做 deserve to do 值得
例如:The farmers (值得尊敬).
6. vt. 信任,信赖 adj. 可信赖的 rely on 信赖,可靠
例如:You may (依靠) him to help you.
7.rude adj. adv. n.
be rude to...对……粗暴
例如:You shouldn’t the cleaners (对……粗鲁).
立即的
immediately
immediately
应得值得
deserve respecting/to be respected
rely
reliable
rely on
粗鲁的
rudely
rudeness
be rude to
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8. 习惯于(某物) used to do sth 过去常常 be used to do sth 被用来做某事
例如:The country life his grandparents (习惯的)has changed greatly.
9.draw sb’s attention to
例如:As soon as the project came up, it
(吸引了许多人的注意).
10. vt. 任命,约定 n.
appoint sb as/to be任命某人当 appoint sb to do sth 委派某人去做某事
例如:I (被任命负责) arranging all the activities on that day.
get/be used to (doing) sth
get/are used to
吸引某人注意
drew many people’s attention
appoint
appointment
was appointed to take charge of
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11.take possession of in possession of 占有 in the possession of 被……占有
例如:The hut is (被……占有) his uncle.
12. n. 基础 vt. base...on 以……为根据 on the basis of 以……为基础
例如: (以……为基础)a true story, the film is highly thought of.
占有
in the possession of
basis
base
Based on
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1. ,Michael Jordan became the most successful basketball player in the history of the game.
身穿著名的23号球衣,迈克尔·乔丹成为篮球运动史上最成功的球员。
2.He finished his first season (1984—1985) as one of the top scorers in the league, 28.2 points per game.
在第一个赛季(1984~1985),他以每场平均28.2分的成绩成为联赛得分最高的球员之一。
Wearing his famous number 23 shirt
with an average of
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3.Jordan was also in the United States Olympic Basketball Team,
“the Dream Team”,which won the gold medal at the 1992 Olympics in Barcelona,Spain.
乔丹也是人称 “梦之队”的美国奥林匹克篮球队的成员,这支队伍赢得了1992年巴塞罗那奥运会金牌。
4.At one point,Chamberlain was than all the other players that they changed the rules of the game to try to stop him!
曾几何时,张伯伦比其他所有运动员都优秀,以至于他们改变比赛规则来限制他。
5.But he deserves the title “outstanding player of his generation”.
毫无疑问,他无愧于“一代杰出球员”这一称号。
known as
so much better
there is no doubt that
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1.词性之间的相互转化
2.形容词后缀
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表达感情和情绪
1.I was amazed when I saw Yao Ming play for the first time.当我第一次看姚明比赛的时候我很吃惊。
2.His ability and power are astonishing.他的能力和力量令人吃惊。
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阅读理解——细节理解
一、高考规律展示
细节理解题考查学生快速捕捉信息,进行综合分析和归纳的能力。考纲要求考生既能理解具体的事实,又能理解抽象的概念,且能理解某句、某段的含义。此类型的试题有时比较直接,理解字面意思即可作答;有时比较间接,需要概括,比较计算后才能解答。
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二、细节理解题的选项特征
1.正确选项
虽然答案易找,但答案内容与原文材料不可能一模一样,命题人会用不同的词汇和句型去表达相同的意思。
2.干扰选项
(1)是短文细节,但不符合题干要求。
(2)是短文细节,但不是要点或主要论据。
(3)与短文细节部分相吻合,部分相悖。
(4)与原句的内容极为相似,只是在程度上有些变动。
(5)明显与短文细节不符或短文中未提及。
(6)符合常识,但不是文章内容。
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三、高效解题方法
模型1 直接信息题
从题干中找关键词→快速通篇跳读→定位与关键信息词对应的信息句→仔细核对比较内容找到答案。
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【典例】(2016·全国Ⅰ卷,A篇)
Sandra Day O’Connor (1930-present)
When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School,in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.She became an Arizona state senator (参议员) and,in 1981,the first woman to join the U.S.Supreme Court.O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
What was the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm
A.Her lack of proper training in law.
B.Her little work experience in court.
C.The discrimination against women.
D.The poor financial conditions.
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答案:C
解析:细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句中的“...because she was a woman.”可知,O’Connor不能在律师事务所找到工作是因为当时的社会对女性存在性别歧视。
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模型2 间接信息题(语意转换题)
该类试题四个选项不出现原文中的直接信息,而是借助同义转换、概念解析、归纳事实等方法对原文信息进行适当变换。
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【典例】(2016·全国Ⅲ卷,A篇)
Music
Opera at Music Hall:1243 Elm Street.The season runs June through August,with additional performances in March and September....
Chamber Orchestra:The Orchestra plays at Memorial Hall at 1406 Elm Street,which offers several concerts from March through June....
Symphony Orchestra:At Music Hall and Riverbend.For ticket sales,call 381-3300....
College Conservatory of Music (CCM):Performances are on the main campus(校园)of the university,usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater...
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Riverbend Music Theater:6295 Kellogg Ave.Large outdoor theater with the closest seats under cover (price difference)....
How is Riverbend Music Theater different from the other places
A.It has seats in the open air.
B.It gives shows all year round.
C.It offers membership discounts.
D.It presents famous musical works.
答案:A
解析:推理判断题。由最后一部分“Riverbend Music Theater”第一句中的“outdoor theater”可知,这个剧院是一个露天剧院。其他部分均未提及与“户外”有关的信息。故A项正确。
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模型3 细节排序题
这类试题要求考生根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系,找出事件发生的正确顺序。
【典例】(2011·山东卷,D篇)
...
The researchers designed a special cap for the user.This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp (头皮) and sends them to a computer.The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair.The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path.They help the computer react to commands from the brain.
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...
Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5
A.scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair
B.computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair
C.scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair
D.cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair
答案:C
解析:细节理解题。根据第五段可知,首先研究人员为用户设计一种特殊的帽子,它会捕捉头皮发出的信号并将其传给电脑。电脑将这些信号进行分析翻译,给监控下的机器人轮椅发出指令。机器人轮椅装有两部摄像头能识别信号路径中的物体,从而帮助电脑对人脑的指令作出反应。故此处C项正确。
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【文章导语】 As one of the most important sports in the world, basketball is more and more popular in China.Now let’s have a look at its development.
作为世界上最重要的运动之一,篮球在中国越来越受欢迎。让我们一起来看看它的发展历程吧。
The Basketball Sports in China
Along with the Reform and Opening up Policy’s carrying on, basketball has become more and more popular in China.You can find people playing basketball everywhere, not only in the residential areas and the countryside, but also in schools and factories.The Beijing 2008 Olympic Games brings more bodybuilding thoughts to Chinese people.At the same time, it brings more chances for the development and progress of sports events including the basketball in China.
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Their agile1 steps and the ability to hold and hand the ball were always attractive.Their new shot skill, especially the jump shot with one hand or double hands, had the features of speed, sudden and high-point control, which had impressed some of the world players deeply.China basketball players had been far ahead of the world in early shot skill development.
Huang Boling, a Chinese basketball player who used “jump in the air and air shot with one hand” displayed first in the world and national matches, influenced the world basketball field greatly along with the quick development of economy, China began to have professional basketball leagues.
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Now,there are more than ten basketball clubs in China.They join in matches held in North China and South China Competition Areas according to their club positions.The PLA “August-first” Men’s Basketball Team and the Guongdong Promalks Men’s Basketball Team are the two strongest teams of present.As the level of China is professional basketball league is rising, more and more excellent basketball players spring up.
For example, Wang Zhizhi, a famous player of the PLA “August-First” Men’s Basketball Team, was the first Chinese (and the Asian) player joining in the NBA.
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What’s more, Yao Ming, who is a player of the Shanghai Sharks Basketball Team, became the first pick of the 2002 NBA draft2.Then he joined in the NBA at the same year and has made great achievements these years.Apart from3 that, Bateer (player of Beijing Basketball Team) used to be in the NBA as free player too.
Now more and more foreign players are attracted to join in the China professional basketball leagues too.We believe that the China basketball level will be higher and higher with more and more players’ cross communications.
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译文
中国篮球运动
随着改革开放的深入,篮球这项竞技运动在中国也变得越来越流行。无论是在城市还是农村,无论是在校园还是各种企事业单位都能见到人们在篮球场上玩得不亦乐乎。2008年北京奥运会,带给了中国人民全民健身的理念,更刺激了中国各项竞技体育项目的发展和进步。
中国篮球运动员灵活多变的脚步动作,掌握与控制球的能力,引起和受到国际篮坛的关注。中国篮球运动员的投篮方式,尤其是跳起的单、双手投篮,具有快速、突然、制高的特点,曾使国际部分国家的篮坛人士耳目一新。在世界现代篮球运动发展初期阶段的投篮技术发展与演变中,中国篮球运动员走到了前面。
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中国男子篮球队的黄伯龄,在国内外的重大比赛中运用的“跳起滞空单手投篮”,是这一时期投篮技术的新发展,是中国与世界篮球运动史上的首创,在国际篮坛产生了深远的影响。改革开放以来,随着国内的经济高速发展,中国篮球运动也逐渐走上了职业化联赛的道路。
目前,国内已经成立了十几家篮球俱乐部,分成南北两个赛区进行年度比赛。中国人民解放军八一男子篮球队和广东宝马仕队成为国内男子职业联赛公认的两支强队。随着中国国内篮球职业联赛水平的不断提高,一批优秀的篮球运动员脱颖而出。
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如原解放军八一队的著名球员王治郅成为我国乃至整个亚洲第一个到篮球顶级赛事的美国 NBA 联赛中打球的运动员。在2002年,上海东方队的中锋姚明更是以“状元秀”的身份登陆美国的NBA赛场,并且在这几年的比赛中成绩骄人。另外北京队的巴特尔也曾以自由球员的身份在NBA打球。
中国的国内职业篮球联赛也吸引了部分国外著名篮球运动员的参与。我们相信随着这些“走出去”和“引进来”的运动员不断增多,中国的篮球水平必将得到较大的提高。
词海拾贝
1.agile[ d aIl]adj.灵活的,机敏的
2.draft[dr ft]n.选拔
3.apart from除此之外
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理解诱思
1.The following about basketball in China are true except .
A.The 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing promoted(推进)the develop and progress of the basketball in China.
B.Huang Boling started “jump in the air and air shot with one hand”.
C.No Chinese basketball player played basketball in the NBA.
D.The China basketball level is sure to improve with players’ cross communications.
2.What does CBA stand for
C
答案:China Basketball Association.(共29张PPT)
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1.settle vt. n.定居点
n.定居者
settle down (使)平静,定居
例如:Since you have (定居) in a new country,you have to make an adjustment to the new environment.
2. 回顾,回忆
look up to 尊敬 look down on看不起 look into 调查 look through 浏览
例如: (回顾) the past,I regretted I had wasted so much wonderful time.
3.competitive adj. v.
n.竞争力 n.竞争者
例如:We’re faced with (激烈的竞争).
解决
settlement
settler
settled down
look back at
Looking back at
好竞争的
compete
competition
competitor
a fierce competition
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4. vt.选举 n.
5.suit v. adj.
近义词:fit,match
例如:I don’t think the colour (适合) you.
6. vt.吸引 adj.
n.
例如:Mount Taishan is tourists for its beautiful scenery and historical sites.
7.keen adj. adv.
be keen on sth热衷于某事 be keen to do sth渴望做某事
例如:When he was young,he photography.
elect
election
合适,适合
suitable
suits
attract
attractive
attraction
attractive to
热切的
keenly
was keen on
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8. v.认为,考虑 n.
be considered as 被看作 take...into consideration 把……考虑在内
例如:Teachers are often (被认为) the engineer of human souls.
9.develop vt. n.
develop new interests in 培养新兴趣 develop cancer 患了癌症
例如: (随着社会的发展),most people can afford to buy cars.
10.ability n. adj.
vt.
the ability to do sth 做某事的能力
例如:We can develop (与人交流的能力) through the activity.
consider
consideration
considered(to be)
发展,发育
development
With society developing
能力
able
enable
the ability to communicate with others
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11. adj.天真无邪的,清白的 n.
12.punctual adj. adv.
n.
be punctual for 准时,守旧
例如:It’s good manners (守时).
innocent
innocence
准时的
punctually
punctuality
to be punctual
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1.Meanwhile,I find myself my senior year,and all the wonderful things that have happened.
同时,我发觉自己在回顾自己高中最后一年的时光,追忆所有发生过的美好往事。
2. Americans are competitive,and I did enjoy it whenever I won our races!
众所周知,美国人争强好胜。不管什么时候,只要我赢得了比赛,我都会为此欣喜万分!
3. it’s probably the last time this will happen.
这也许是最后一次发生这种事了,太遗憾了。
looking back at
thinking about
It’s well-known that
It’s a great pity that
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4. the 1920s pompoms began to play an important part in cheerleading.
直到20世纪20年代,彩线球才在啦啦队队员的表演中发挥重要作用。
It was not until
that
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1.主语从句
2.表语从句
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表达想法和意见
1.It seems to me (that)...据我看来……
2.I find it (strange/interesting/amusing) that...我感觉……(奇怪/有趣/好笑)。
3.In my opinion/view...在我看来……
4.As far as I’m concerned,...就我而言……
5.As I see it,...在我看来……
6.My feeling is that...我感觉是……
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阅读理解——推理判断
推理判断是指在理解原文字面意义的基础上,通过对文中细节的暗示和语篇逻辑关系的分析作出一定的判断和推理,从而理解作者所要传达的信息、得出文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。它主要考查考生理清上下文逻辑关系的能力和考生的识别能力。
一、推理判断题的选项特征
1.正确选项
“源于原文,高于原文”,简单推一步或者综合推一步即可得到答案。同时避免出现绝对概念或过于肯定的词汇,如:only,never,all,而是经常出现代表严密逻辑思维和留有思维余地的词汇,如:often,usually,sometimes,some,may,might,can,could,possibly,probably等。
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2.干扰选项
(1)无中生有——捏造原文并不存在的信息
(2)夸大事实——对于原文中的细节或观点的某方面进行了夸大处理
(3)推理过头——引申过度,使结论过于绝对化
(4)掺入常识——根据常识可知是正确的,但不是基于文章
(5)因果倒置——看似从原文推断出来的结论,实际上与原文不符
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二、高效解题方法
模型1 一步推断题
善于抓住某一细节处的关键信息,即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断,利用逆向思维或正面推理,从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。
【典例】 (2016·全国Ⅱ卷,B篇)
Five years ago,when I taught art at a school in Seattle,I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students.I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student,and said:“Make something out of the Tinkertoys.You have 45 minutes today-and 45 minutes each day for the rest of the week.”
...
“Do you dream at night when you’re asleep ”
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“Oh,sure.”
“So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.”The student would tell something wildly imaginative.Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads.“That’s pretty creative.Who does that for you ”
“Nobody.I do it.”
“Really-at night,when you’re asleep ”
“Sure.”
“Try doing it in the daytime,in class,okay ”
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1.What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3
A.He liked to help his teacher.
B.He preferred to study alone.
C.He was active in class.
D.He was imaginative.
答案:D
解析:推理判断题。根据文章第三段可以得知,这个男孩组装好的玩具堆满了美术教室的一个架子,家里的卧室也被占了相当大的地方。“我”为能有这样一位有创造力的学生而倍感欣慰。他的存在意味着“我”的课堂上有了一位意想不到的教学助手,他的创造力会感染其他学生,让他们也参与进来。由此可以看出这个男孩是有创造力、有想象力的。故选择D项。
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2.Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams
A.To help them to see their creativity.
B.To find out about their sleeping habits.
C.To help them to improve their memory.
D.To find out about their ways of thinking.
答案:A
解析:推理判断题。文章第四段最后一句“But I’m just not creative.”引出下文师生间的对话,根据文章最后一句“Try doing it in the daytime,in class,okay ”可以看出,老师以孩子晚上做的梦引出白天课堂上要勇于尝试,大胆想象。因此A项正确。
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模型2 综合推断题
综合考虑上下文,把握作者的写作思路,通过作者已经阐明了的问题或观点,推断因果关系、文章发展脉络、作者的深层观点等。
【典例】 (2015·陕西卷,B篇)
When the dog named Judy spotted the first sheep in her life,she did what comes naturally.The four-year-old dog set off racing after the sheep across several fields and,being a city animal,lost both her sheep and her sense of direction.Then she ran along the edge of a cliff(悬崖) and fell 100 feet,bouncing off a rock into the sea.
Her owner Mike Holden panicked and called the coastguard of Cornwall,who turned up in seconds.Six volunteers slid down the cliff with the help of a rope but gave up all hope of finding her alive after a 90-minute search.
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Three days later,a hurricane hit the coast near Cornwall.Mr.Holden returned home from his holiday upset and convinced his pet was dead.He comforted himself with the thought she had died in the most beautiful part of the country.
For the next two weeks,the Holdens were heartbroken.Then,one day,the phone rang and Steve Tregear,the coastguard of Cornwall,asked Holden if he would like his dog back.
A birdwatcher,armed with a telescope,found the pet sitting desperately on a rock.While he sounded the alarm,a student from Leeds climbed down the cliff to collect Judy.
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The dog had initially been knocked unconscious(失去知觉的) but had survived by drinking water from a fresh stream at the base of the cliff.She may have fed on the body of a sheep which had also fallen over the edge.“The dog was very thin and hungry,”Steve Tregear said.“It was a very lucky dog.She survived because of a plentiful supply of fresh water,”he added.
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It was,as Mr.Holden admitted,“a minor miracle(奇迹)”.
What can we infer from the text
A.People like to travel with their pets.
B.Judy was taken to the fields for hunting.
C.Luck plays a vital role in Judy’s survival.
D.Holden cared little where Judy was buried.
答案:C
解析:推理判断题。从倒数第一段的“a minor miracle”和倒数第二段的“It was a very lucky dog.”可以推断,Judy的存活纯属运气。
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【文章导读】 A senior prom doesn’t just mean that senior school students are finishing their school years;it also means they will step into the world of adulthood.So sometimes,the senior prom is called adulthood ceremony.
高中生舞会不仅意味着高中生完成高中学业,还预示着他们即将踏入成年人的行列。因此有时,高中生舞会也称之为成年人仪式。
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The Senior Prom—Adulthood Ceremony
As the school year winds down,many senior students of school across the nation will not just be starting another summer of holidays to provide a break during semesters.Many will be leaving their safe havens of senior public school and taking their first step into the world of adulthood,attending fast-paced,crowded universities,taking up part-time or full-time employment.Many may even move from family homes in their pursuit1 of educational fulfillment2 of the “perfect” job opportunity.Many young people are preparing to move on to new lives in the world,with new responsibilities,new environments,new peers and new dreams.
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One ritual that has become part of coming of age has been the senior prom.Just before the graduation ceremonies of many high schools,or following closely behind graduation events,the senior prom is an opportunity for youth to celebrate the entrance into the world of adulthood with color and formality.
What is formal Formal means to present oneself to others in a way which is “with form”,with shape,polite,inoffensive and dignified.We see the example of a formal letter,it uses proper grammar and sentence structure in order to be respectful,while at the same time serving a purpose or getting an important message across.In our society,what is formal Very little.On average,clothing,language,behavior—all is very informal.Individuals who are formal(polite,inoffensive,organized)in their daily dealings with people are often looked upon as boring.
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Yet in certain situations,individuals play with the concept of formality not truly to achieve respectfulness and order but because it becomes fashionable to do so.While a prom may seem,on the surface,like a fun opportunity to behave formally,it is actually a flowery version of Halloween.On the occasion of the spring prom,we see flowering youth taking on the formalities of “adult”.Fine dress (most of the students who attend the senior prom rent expensive tuxedoes3) or purchase high quality suits or gowns for the occasion),careful make-up (spending hours in front of a mirror or at a hair salon in order to look just right),fancy toys(limousines4 line the streets outside of dance halls on the night of the prom) all become part of being an adult.
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In many ways,adults in society should examine their own behavior for wrongly displaying these types of objects as being “adult” to younger people.In our society we have a wrong idea of what adulthood actually is.It has always been my understanding that adulthood and maturity are not based upon one’s ability to hold a cigarette in a certain way or tie a bow tie.Adulthood comes with understanding of one’s place in the universe;it comes with the knowledge of how to interact with our fellow human beings;it comes with the ability to take responsibility for one’s own actions—whether good or bad.
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译文
高中生舞会——成年仪式
学年结束将近,等待全国高中毕业生的将不再是下学期到来之前的快乐暑假了。他们中的许多人将离开高中的避风港,跨出成年的第一步,有的人会进入快节奏、拥挤的大学继续深造,有的人则会开始做全职或者兼职的工作。许多人甚至会从家中搬出来,到外地求学或是寻求完美的职业。这些年轻人已经开始为新生活、新责任、新环境、新伙伴和新的梦想做准备了。
高中生舞会成了成年的一个仪式,一般在高中毕业典礼或紧随其后举行。高中生舞会是这些年轻人用来庆祝他们加入成年人队伍的一种有模有样、多姿多彩的方式。
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为什么说是有模有样呢 有模有样意为把自己以一种正式、有型、礼貌和尊重的方式展现给其他人。以正式的书信为例,正式书信使用的都是正规语法和句式,来表示对读信人的尊重,同时也成功传达了自己的意愿和重要信息。我们这个社会,有什么是完全中规中矩的呢 很少。衣着、语言和举止,都非常随意。那些非常正统古板的人(他们彬彬有礼,不触犯他人,中规中矩)在平时接人待物上总让他人觉得无趣。
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在一些特殊场合,人们表现得非常正式。然而他们这样做并不是为了获得尊重和秩序,而是觉得这样做很时尚。毕业舞会表面上看起来似乎是个表现正式举止的不错机会,其实不过是万圣节另一个花哨的版本罢了。在春季举行的毕业舞会上,打扮花哨的年轻人开始扮演成人角色,他们穿上华美的衣服(很多参加高中毕业舞会的学生或租用昂贵的晚礼服),或买高档西服和连衣裙,精致的妆容(为了更好看,她们花好几小时在镜前化妆或是去美发沙龙做头发),漂亮的玩意儿(毕业舞会当晚,大厅外面停放许多豪车),都成了他们跨入成年的一部分。
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成年人应该在很多方面重新审视自己某些举止行为给年轻人带来的误导,让他们以为展现这些就是“成年”。在现代社会,我们对成年的真谛有一种误读。我个人认为,成年和成熟并不以一个人是否能用一种特定姿势夹烟或是系领结。成年意味着一个人懂得自己在茫茫宇宙占据一席之地;学到了如何与其他人交往的技巧;学会为自己或好或坏的行为去负责任。
词海拾贝
1.pursuit [p sju t] n.追求
2.fulfillment [ful fIlm nt] n.完成,履行
3.tuxedo [t k si d ] n.(美)无尾晚礼服
4.limousine [ lIm zi n] n.豪华轿车
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理解诱思
1.We can infer from the passage that .
A.with the school year approaching,senior students are to enjoy summer holidays
B.when many senior students take their first step into the world of adulthood,they will make preparations for their new life
C.people behave formally so as to earn others’ respect
D.after the prom,the senior students will become more mature
2.What’s your opinion about by attending the senior prom,the senior students will step in the world of adulthood
B
答案:Open.(共26张PPT)
模块重点小结
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1.serve vi. n.服务
serve as 充当,担任
serve the people heart and soul 全心全意为人民服务
serve in the army在军队服役
例如:When you sleep in the open,old newspapers can
(充当) a blanket.
2. adj.冷酷的 n.残酷
例如:They are (残酷的) animals.
3. adj.渴望的 adv.
be eager to do 渴望做 be eager for...渴求……
4.desperate adj. adv.
n.
端上(饭菜),为……服务
service
serve as
cruel
cruelty
cruel to
eager
eagerly
绝望的
desperately
desperation
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5.healthy adj. adv.
n.
例如:Although the old man is over 80,he is still
(健康).
6. n.支撑物 adj.支持的
in support of 支持 support a family养家
例如:Personally,I’m (支持) your plan.
健康的
healthily
health
in good health
support
supportive
in support of
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7.reward n./v. adj.值得做的
reward sb with sth用某物回报某人
reward sb for sth 因某事而奖赏某人
as a reward for 作为……报酬
例如: (作为……奖赏) being admitted to college,many students got iPhone 7 as presents.
8.hang v.
hang on=hold on 别挂断,坚持 hang up 挂断
例如:Sorry,I have to (挂断电话了).It’s time for class.
酬谢,奖赏
rewarding
As a reward for
绞死,吊死
hang up
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9. vt.打算,计划
intend to do sth打算做某事 intend sb to do sth打算让某人做某事 be intended for为……打算(或)设计的
例如:I (打算参加) a Dragon Boat Training Camp.
10.accomplish v. n.
11.a huge of 大量的 同义词:a great deal of,a large quantity of
12. v.积累 n.
intend
intended to join
完成(任务),取得(成功)
accomplishment
amount
accumulate
accumulation
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1....they the pot with eager eyes,as if they wanted to eat it.
……他们常会坐着,用渴望的眼神盯视着那口锅,好像要吃掉它一样。
2.Oliver is a poor orphan boy lives with other children in a large house a workhouse.
奥利弗是个穷苦的孤儿,他和其他的孩子住在被称作济贫院的大房子里。
3.Not until at least 30 seconds had passed, to speak.
至少过了三十秒钟,他才说出话来。
4.No sooner these words than the warden hit him on the head with the soup spoon.
孩子的话刚出口,大师傅就操起了勺子狠狠地敲他的脑袋。
would sit staring at
who
called
was the man able
had the boy spoken
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倒装句和强调句
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强调
(1)Bright and sunny was the summer morning.(强调表语)
(2)Nothing could he do at the moment.(强调宾语)
(3)Up went the arrow into the air.(强调状语)
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阅读理解——主旨大意
一、高考规律展示
主旨大意题考查学生把握全文主旨大意和中心思想的能力。做这类试题需要考生具有总体把握文章的能力,以及善于运用判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的能力。
主旨大意题一般是针对文章的主要内容、中心思想、段落大意、标题、写作意图等方面进行提问。
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二、高效解题方法
模型1 归纳文章大意
文章主题句的位置通常有三种情况:开头、中间、结尾。解题时,通常采用浏览的方法,仔细选读文章的首尾段和首尾句(包括每一段的首尾句),重点搜索主题线索和脉络。有五种主题呈现的方式:a.开门见山式;b.藏头露尾式;c.首尾呼应式;d.抛砖引玉式;e.藏龙卧虎式。注意:最后一种类型即主题句隐含在全文当中,没有明确的主题句。阅读这样的文章,考生要根据文章的细节来分析、概括推断出文章的主题。具体方法:首先弄清楚各个段落讲了哪几个方面的内容,这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系,寻找共同点,然后加以归纳形成主题。
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模型2 概括文章主旨
文章的主旨是通过段落来表达的,而段落的大意主要由主题句来体现,所以段落的主题句是构成文章中心思想的有机组成部分。因此,识别各段落的主题句并由此归纳出文章的中心思想是解答该类题的关键。
快速阅读文章找出各个段落的主题句,把各个段落的主题句联系起来并着眼全文结构安排,就能概括出文章的中心。
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模型3 概括文章标题
首先,弄清文章的主旨大意,再定标题。要考虑标题对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何。要避免下列三种情况:a.概括不够。多表现为以部分代整体,从而导致范围太小。b.过度概括。多表现为脱离文章内容而随意发挥。c.以事实或细节替代抽象概括的大意。其次要注意标题的醒目性,标题的选择要简洁、突出、新颖,标题是文章的点睛之笔,是文章的灵魂和门面。标题的好坏往往影响了文章的可读性,读者常常从标题上决定文章的阅读取舍。故标题一般比较醒目,甚至比较离奇,以此来吸引读者对文章的兴趣。
模型4 概括作者的写作目的、观点和态度
在整体理解文章主旨大意的基础上,进一步把握文章的内涵,确定思维方向,并体会作者所要表达的思想感情,辨清褒贬态度,明确写作意图。
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【典例】 (2016·全国Ⅰ卷,D篇)
The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful,or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say.A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness,uneasiness,or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable;therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation.Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.
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Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people,just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.Therefore,when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops,what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.In these cultures,silence is a call for reflection.
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Other cultures may use silence in other ways,particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power.For example,Russian,French,and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion.However,Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.In still another use,persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect,particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
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Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.
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1.What does the author say about silence in conversations
A.It implies anger. B.It promotes friendship.
C.It is culture-specific. D.It is content-based.
答案:C
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句内容可推断出,在谈话过程中的沉默通常与文化密切相关,具有文化特异性。
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2.Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought
A.The Chinese. B.The French.
C.The Mexicans. D.The Russians.
答案:A
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,中国人与很多美国人一样,认为沉默是交流过程中的基本构成部分,谈话中出现沉默通常暗示听者需要仔细考虑。
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3.What does the author advise nurses to do about silence
A.Let it continue as the patient pleases.
B.Break it while treating patients.
C.Evaluate its harm to patients.
D.Make use of its healing effects.
答案:D
解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句内容可知,作者建议护士们充分利用沉默的治愈价值来帮助护理病人。
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4.What may be the best title for the text
A.Sound and Silence
B.What It Means to Be Silent
C.Silence to Native Americans
D.Speech Is Silver;Silence Is Gold
答案:B
解析:主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知,文章主要说明沉默具有文化特异性,在不同的文化中,沉默表达的含义和作用各不相同。因此B项最具概括性。
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【文章导语】 As Stefan Zweig said,about Dickens,he is the genius who most fully expressed his contemporaries in the common interest.Let’s come nearer to him and get to know him.
正如斯蒂芬·茨威格所评价的狄更斯,他是一个最充分地表达了他同时代人共同趣味的天才,让我们走近他并了解他。
Charles Dickens,born in 1812,is a British novelist.At the age of 10 his families were forced to move into debtors’ prison.When 15 years old,Dickens became an apprentice1 in a law firm and later a civil court judge clerk and then a newspaper reporter stationed in parliament.He had only a few years school life.But thanks to assiduous self-study he became a famous writer.
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Charles Dickens,was the most popular English novelist of the Victorian era and one of the most popular of all time.He created some of literature’s most memorable characters.
His writing style is florid2 and poetic,with a strong comic touch.His satires of British aristocratic snobbery3—he calls one character the “Noble Refrigerator”—are often paring orphans to stocks and shares,people to tug boats,or dinner-party guests to furniture are just some of Dickens’s acclaimed flights of fancy.Many of his character’s names provide the reader with a hint as to the roles played in advancing the storyline,such as Mr.Murdstone in the novel David Copperfield,which is clearly a combination of “murder” and stony coldness.His literary style is also a mixture of fantasy and realism.
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Dickens died by stroke on June 9,1870 and he was buried at Westminster Abbey in the Poet’s Corner,“He was a sympathiser to the poor,the suffering,and the oppressed;and by his death one of the England’s greatest writers is lost to the world.”
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译文
查尔斯·狄更斯,出生于1812年,是一个英国小说家。10岁时全家被迫迁入负债者监狱。当他15岁的时候,狄更斯在律师事务所做学徒,民事诉讼法庭的记录员和驻议会记者。他只上过几年学,全靠刻苦自学成为知名作家。
查尔斯·狄更斯是英国维多利亚时期最流行的作家,也是一直流行的作家。他创造了许多令人过目难忘的人物。
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狄更斯文笔流畅而富有诗意,亦不乏诙谐。英国眼高于顶、自视过高的贵族,常是他笔下嘲讽的对象。例如他曾经形容一个贵族为“高贵的冰箱”。他的许多角色名字为读者提供了关于在推进故事情节中所扮演的角色的提示,如“David Copperfield”里面的人物“Mr.Murdstone”则是“谋杀”(murder)和“石头”(stone)的合写,直接描绘出了这个人的冷硬和阴险。狄更斯关注工业革命刚萌芽时期英国悲苦的童工命运,他把他们比作任人买卖的“股票”,或是将晚宴里无趣的宾客比作“家具”。他的小说糅合了写实主义和丰富的想象,但又入情入理,扣人心弦。
1870年6月9日狄更斯因脑溢血与世长辞,他去世后被安葬在西敏寺的诗人角。他的墓碑上如此写道:“他是贫穷、受苦与被压迫人民的同情者;他的去世令世界失去了一位伟大的英国作家。”
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词海拾贝
1.apprentice [ prentIs] n.学徒
2.florid [fl rId] adj.绚丽的,华丽的
3.snobbery [sn b ri] n.势利,谄上欺下
理解诱思
1.The descriptions of Dickens are true except .
A.he passed away at the age of 58
B.he mainly taught himself to become a writer
C.most of his novels were set in London
D.he often showed satires to the poor in his novels
2.Please speak out at least three novels of Dickens.
D
答案:Open.(共20张PPT)
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1. n.运动 v. 移动
例如: (五四运动)is a day we should never forget.
2.technique n. adj.有技术的
3. n.方法,步骤 同义词way,method,means
例如:His (抚养孩子的方法)is strange.
4.decline v./n. in decline 在下降 on the decline 在下降 decline to do 谢绝
例如:She (谢绝了邀请).
5. vi.(由……)引起(产生) arise from=arise out of 从……中产生
movement
move
The May 4th Movement
技术,技巧
technical
approach
approach to bringing up children
下降,拒绝
declined the invitation
arise
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6.rather than prefer to do rather than do 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 or rather更确切地说
例如:It is you (而不是他)that are responsible for the accident.
7. n.融洽 adj.和谐的 in harmony with 与……协调 out of harmony with 与……不协调
例如:Without good education,there would be a society
(与……不和谐)nature.
8.vain adj. in vain 徒劳地
9. vi.出版 come about 产生 come up 被提出 come across 遇到
例如:Her new novel (出版)last week.
而不是
rather than he
harmony
harmonious
out of harmony with
自负的
come out
came out
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10.far from
11.devote v. adj.忠实的 n.关爱,奉献
devote...to 把……专注于 be devoted to... 专心于……
例如:You will never gain success unless you (致力于)your work.
12. adj.令人振奋的 vt.
n.
例如:I myself with a cup of tea when I felt tired.
完全不
致力于……
devoted
devotion
are devoted to
refreshing
refresh
refreshment
refreshed
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1.Hip hop is an American cultural movement which started in the 1970s at block parties in New York,especially in a district
the Bronx.
嬉蹦乐是一场美国文化运动,这场运动始于20世纪70年代的纽约,特别是一个叫布朗克斯区的街区舞会。
2.Later,they experimented with different vocal and rhythmic approaches, rhyming words,often words from African-American culture.
后来,他们尝试用不同的发声和奏乐方法,使用押韵词汇,这些词汇往往来自美籍非洲人的文化。
3.“ I heard it,” he said,“I knew it was a completely new kind of music.”
“我一听,” 他说,“就知道这是一种全新的音乐。”
called
using
The moment
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4.From a region of seven million people some of the greatest pop music in the world.
从一个拥有7百万人的地区产生了一些世界上最优美的流行音乐。
has arisen
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1.掌握由the moment/the first time/...引导的时间状语从句。
2.掌握省略句式的基本用法和作用。
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现在与过去的比较
1.Bands are so much noiser than they used to be.
2.When I was your age,we didn’t listen to such loud music.
3.We didn’t use to play music as loudly as you do these days.
4.We used to spend much more time in the open air than you do.
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阅读理解——词义猜测
高考规律:
近几年的高考阅读理解越来越重视对考生猜词悟义能力的考查。词的意义推断,也可以是对一个短语或一个句子的意义推断,既可以是生词意义,也可以是熟词新意,还可以是对替代词所替代的内容的判断。
词义猜测题的选项特征
1.正确选项
与文章上下文联系密切,往往通过构词、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义等方法或者线索确定词义。并且猜测词组、句意题会涉及题材背景、句子结构、文章主旨、作者的写作态度等。
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2.干扰选项
(1)直接偏离所猜词的词义。
(2)属于所猜词的词义,但不符合此处上下文语境和语意。
高效解题方法
模型1 通过上下文信息来猜测词义
任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的,都与句子所在的段落及整篇文章有关。利用上下文提供的情景和线索,进行符合逻辑的综合分析,并依此来推测词义,是一种重要的阅读方法。这是词义猜测题最常用的命题方法和解题方法。
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【典例】(2016·全国Ⅱ卷,B篇)
Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside.I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.Without fail one would declare,“But I’m just not creative.”
What does the underlined word “downside”in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A.Mistake. B.Drawback.
C.Difficulty. D.Burden.
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解析:词义猜测题。前文提到作者很喜爱这个学生,说这个学生的创造性能够感染其他学生,下文说“冒着失去那些有不同的思考风格的学生的风险”,根据语境前后的对比判断,downside 的含义应该是 drawback“不利条件,缺点”,而不是mistake“错误”,difficulty“困难”,burden“负担”。
答案:B
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模型2 通过定义猜测词义
如果生词后有一个句子(定语从句或同位语从句)或段落来对其下定义,或使用破折号、冒号、分号后的内容和引号、括号中的内容加以解释和定义,那么理解这个句子或段落就可以推断词义。
【典例】 Do you know what a “territory”is —A territory is an area that an animal,usually the male,claims(声称)as its own.由定义可知,这里 territory 指的是“动物的地盘”。
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模型3 通过同位关系来猜测词义
构成同位关系的两部分之间通常用连接词连接,有时也使用破折号、冒号、分号、括号或同位语。
【典例】 In fact,only about 80 ocelots,an endangered cat exist in the USA today.由同位语 an endangered cat 可以推测出 ocelot 是“一种濒临灭绝的猫”。
模型4 通过构词法来猜测词义
在猜测词义过程中,我们还可以依靠构词法方面的知识,从生词本身猜测词义。如:前缀 co- 表示“共同,一起”;后缀-ise/-ize 的意思是“使成为……;使……化”等。因此,考生在平时学习过程中应该通过掌握一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等构词知识来猜测词义。
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【文章导语】 Hip-hop is a cultural movement that began among urban youth in the United States,but has since spread around the world.
嬉蹦乐是起源于美国城市青年中的一种文化运动,现在已传播到世界各地。
Hip Hop
“Hip Hop”as a form of dance is becoming more and more popular.Hip hop dance comes from breakdancing,but does not consist wholly of breakdancing moves.Unlike most other forms of dance,which are often at least moderately1 structured,hip hop dance has few (if any)limitations on positions or steps.During the early years of hip hop,double dutching existed as a minor element that had a following mostly made up of teenage girls.
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Double dutch is a rope skipping game that involves two ropes,two persons turning the ropes,and two more persons in the middle jumping the ropes.While the game is played,the persons turning the ropes would recite urban rhymes,giving the game some correlation2 to the art of MC—ing.Double dutching fell out of favor as a part of hip hop as the culture became more male-centric during the late 1970s and early 1980s,although the game is still a popular activity on its own in many American communities.As it grew and developed into a multi-million dollar industry,the scope3 of hip hop culture grew beyond the boundaries of its traditional four elements.KRS-ONE,rapper from the golden age of hip hop,names nine elements of hip hop culture:the traditional four and beatboxing,plus street fashion,street language,street knowledge and street entreprenurialism.
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译文
嬉蹦乐
嬉蹦乐,作为一种舞蹈形式越来越受欢迎。嬉蹦舞来自霹雳舞,但又不完全是霹雳舞的动作。不像大多舞蹈形式,至少经常适度结构化,嬉蹦舞在位置和步伐上几乎没有限制(如果有的话)。在嬉蹦乐的早期阶段,double dutching 作为一个小元素的存在,主要是由青少年女孩组成的。
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Double dutch 是一种跳绳游戏,有两根绳子,有两个人抡绳子,两个或更多的人在中间跳。在玩游戏的过程中,抡绳子的人会背诵一些城市的童谣,赋予了这个游戏一些 Mc—ing 艺术的相关特点。在20世纪70年代末和80年代初,因为这种文化越来越以男性为中心,跳绳作为嬉蹦乐的一部分,逐渐被冷落,尽管它在美国的许多社区仍然受欢迎。随着它逐渐生长和发展成数百万美元的产业,嬉蹦文化的前景超出了其四个传统元素的边界。
KRS-ONE,是嬉蹦黄金时代的说唱乐歌手,提出了嬉蹦乐有九个元素之说:传统的四个元素,beatboxing,street fashion,street language,street knowledge,street entreprenurialism。
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词海拾贝
1.moderately [ m d r tli]adv.适度地
2.correlation[ k r leI n]n.相关性
3.scope[sk p] n.眼界,见识
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理解诱思
1.The following about Hip Hop are true except that .
A.in some ways,hip hop dance is different from other forms of dance
B.double dutching used to be a part of hip hop
C.at the beginning,double dutching was female-centric
D.KRS-ONE put forward the nine elements of hip hop
2.Can you say something about the development of hip hop in China
C
答案:Open.(共16张PPT)
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1.少数民族 n.
2.diverse adj. n.多样性,差异
例如:Their customs are (与……不同) ours.
3. adj. 各种各样的 v. 变化
n. 种类,多样性
4.be/get lost in lose oneself in... 迷失在……
例如: (陷入了深思),he almost ran into the tree in front of him.
5. 在使用
make full use of 充分利用 put...to use 投入使用 It is no use doing sth 做……是无用的
例如:Time should be (充分利用).
6.apparent adj. adv.
minority
完全不同的
diversity
diverse from
varied/various
vary
variety
迷失,迷路
Lost in deep thoughts
in use
made full use of
显然的
apparently
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7.foolish adj n./v.
make fool of... 愚弄……
例如:It’s (你这样做太愚蠢了。).
8. 出发,动身
set up 建立 be set in... 以……为背景 set out to do sth着手干某事 set about doing sth着手做某事 set aside 储留,拨出
例如:We’re advised (留出) at least 30 minutes to take exercise.
9.adjust v. adj. n.
adjust oneself to... 使……适应
例如:You’d better (调整以适应) the new surroundings.
愚蠢的
fool
foolish of you to do so
set off
to set aside
调整
adjustable
adjustment
adjust yourself to
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10. vt. 为(房屋或房间)配备家具 n. 家具
be furnished with...配备……家具
例如:I’ve booked a (配备齐全的) apartment.
11.put together
put up 建起,搭起 put down 记下,放下,镇压 put away 收起,储存 put off 推迟 put forward 提出
furnish
furniture
furnished
整理,把……合在一起
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1.The old town is on the side of a mountain and opposite it is the 5,500-metre Yulong Xueshan Mountain, .
古城依山而建,对面是海拔5,500米的玉龙雪山,山峰被积雪覆盖。
2. ,the old town is a maze of canals,little bridges and tiny cobbled streets that tourists get lost in.
从上面俯瞰,古城就是一座由沟渠、小桥和鹅卵石铺成的街巷构成的迷宫,游人极易迷失其中。
3.They sit in small circles in the square,with their babies on their backs, !她们围成小圈坐在广场上,身背孩子,对游客丝毫不感兴趣!
its peak covered with snow
Seen from above
completely uninterested in the tourists
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4.
怎么会呢 (表示惊讶)
5. Native Americans came across from Asia,somewhere between 12,000 and 25,000 years ago.
人们通常认为印第安人是在12,000~25,000年之前的某个时候从亚洲来到美洲的。
How come
It is generally agreed that
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过去分词作状语和短语动词
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询问更多信息的方式
1.What are...like ……更像是什么
2.Tell me more.请再告诉我一些。
3.Go on.继续。
4.How come 怎么会发生那样的事
5.Doesn’t it... 难道不是……吗
6.What about... ……怎么样
7.I’d like to hear more about...我想了解更多的有关……的信息。
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短文改错
高考规律
高考短文改错主要考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语知识的准确性,看重考查考生的语言基本功,即:考查考生的词、句篇和语法的综合水平。其设置的考点灵活多变,知识层次多,覆盖面广,涉及词汇、句法、语篇等方面的语言知识和语意逻辑的运用以及综合辨析能力,是一种在较高层次上考查考生对英语知识的掌握和语言综合运用能力的测试题型。
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命题规律
选材多为第一人称记叙文,偶尔有议论文或者说明文。短文词数一般在100~120之间,取材于考生自己的作文或随笔,且话题常见。篇章结构的难易程度符合中学生的认知水平,无生僻的语言障碍和怪、偏、难的语句结构。短文一般有10句左右,几乎每句都有一个错误。较长的句子很有可能设置两个错误。考查的词类覆盖面广,分布合理。重点考查词法、句法和行文逻辑,体现考生在语篇中综合运用英语的能力。有错词、少词、多词等三种纠错可能。常见错误以动词、名词和介词的考查居多。
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高效解题方法
【熟悉短文改错“三步骤”】
第一步:读全文,明大意
树立整体意识,从粗略阅读全文,把握大意入手。因为单独看某句可能是对的,但从整体看却有可能与上下文不符。
注意:边读短文,边留心关键词句,把握文章的大意及上下文之间的联系,为下一步判断和改错奠定基础。
第二步:句理解,行分析
对照上下文逐行逐词细读,分行判断,理清句意,找出上下文之间的内在联系及其行文逻辑关系,检查句子的结构是否完整。
注意:应对每一句的句子成分进行分析,确定主谓是否一致、动宾搭配是否合理、时态语态是否正确、非谓语动词的形式是否正确、是否多词或少词、句子与句子之间的逻辑关系是否正确以及上下文的意思是否连贯等。
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第三步:复读文,再核查
回头重读全文,验证答案,将初步改错后的短文再次细读,核查所改之处是否合适。
注意:外要重视词和句子的字面意思,内要弄清段落的内在含义和内在逻辑关系。还要看错误类型的比例是否得当、有无前后矛盾等现象。
【流程一点通】很多考生在短文改错中很容易陷入茫然混乱、无错可找的境况,所以保持清醒的头脑,按照“先易后难、缩小范围”的流程策略是很有必要的,即:先把文中明显的错误找出来修改,然后再根据具体语境,并借助已经修改后的正确句子提供的信息,仔细分析判断,将注意力集中在较难突破的句子上。
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【文章导语】 The old town of Lijiang has a history of more than 800 years and its unique geographical location, historical background and multiracial inhabitants make it one of the most special old towns.
丽江古城有800多年的历史,其独特的地理位置、历史背景以及多民族的居民,都使丽江成为最特别的古城之一。
Lijiang is a beautiful shining jewel on the Northwest Yunnan Plateau neighboring the southeast side of the Tibetan Plateau, which is considered to be the “Roof of the world”. It is impressive because of its scenery and lush1 vegetation.
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Lijiang wears national Lijiang Yulong Xueshan Mountain scenic crown. In the scenic area there is Lijiang ancient city and many old temples built in South Song Dynasty. An altitude of 5,500 metres of Yulong Xueshan Mountain stands there and it has the most dangerous of the Tiger Leaping Gorge in the world.
The people of Naxi,while developing their land of snow-capped mountains and turbulent2 rivers since ancient times, have followed their credit. Their culture, Dongba culture, is seen as one of the world wonders, a culture which is all-embracing3 but unique.
Lijiang is not only famous for its tourism, but its snacks,and it has another name—Affair City,the original name of a bar. Almost every traveller to Lijiang will come to the bars in Sifang Street, which will make you enjoy yourself so much as to forget to return home.
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译文
丽江是云贵高原西北部耀眼的一颗美丽的明珠,它东南边是被称之为“世界屋脊”的青藏高原,它以其美丽的风景和茂盛的植被而出名。
丽江荣戴国家级丽江玉龙雪山风景名胜区桂冠。景区内有建于南宋的丽江古城及众多的古寺。有海拔5500米高的玉龙雪山,有世界之最深最险的虎跳峡。
纳西族的人们,自古以来,在发展冰雪覆盖的山脉和动荡的河流同时,也遵守着自己的信用。东巴文化,视为世界奇迹,是一个包罗万象而独特的文化。
丽江不仅旅游业出名,小吃也出名,它还有另一个名字——艳遇之都,是一个酒吧的名字。几乎每一位来丽江的游客都去四方街的酒吧,在那里你会流连忘返。
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词海拾贝
1.lush [l ] adj. 葱翠的,丰富的
2.turbulent [ t :bj l nt] adj.激流的,湍流的
3.all-embracing [im breIsI ] adj.包括,包含
理解诱思
We can know from the passage .
A.Lijiang lies to the northwest of the Tibetan Plateau
B.Many old temples in Lijiang were built during North Song Dynasty
C.Naxi people are the only residents in Lijiang
D.Lijiang’s beautiful scenery and local food attract many visitors
D(共21张PPT)
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1. vt. 保护,保存 n.保护
2.agreement n. v. 同意
3. v.投资 n.投资人
n.投资
4.existence n. vi.
adj. come into existence产生
例如:The (现存的教育制度) needs to be improved.
5. n.暴露 vt. expose oneself to使……暴露在 be exposed to sth 接触某事
6.contribute vi./vt. n.
contribute to 促进,有助于 contribute...to...把……捐赠/投稿至……
例如:He is always ready (捐献)for the poor.
preserve
preservation
协议
agree
invest
investor
investment
存在
exist
existing
educational system
exposure
expose
贡献,捐赠
contribution
to contribute
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7. v.建议 n.推荐
recommend doing sth 建议做某事
recommend sb to do sth推荐某人做某事
recommend+that从句
例如:It is (建议) that we eat a balanced diet.
8.awareness n. adj.
be aware of 认识到 raise one’s awareness 唤起……意识
例如:We are supposed to
(唤起人们保护濒危动物的意识).
recommend
recommendation
recommended
should
意识
aware
raise people’s awareness about protecting the endangered animals
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9.assistance n. vt.
n. 助手
come/go to one’s assistance 来/去帮忙 be of assistance 有……帮助
10. 获准,经过程序
11.absence n. adj.缺席
in one’s absence 在……不在时 in the absence of sth 在缺乏……情况下
be absent from 缺席
例如:The flowers died (在缺乏充足水的情况下).
援助
assist
assistant
go through
缺乏
absent
in the absence of enough water
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12. vt. 忽视 adj.
n.
be ignorant of 无知的,愚昧的
例如:He (无视) his own shortcomings.
ignore
ignorant
ignorance
is ignorant of
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1. that people lived there continuously between 500,000 and 10,000 years ago.
它还证明了1万到50万年前,那里一直有人居住。
2.The site and it will cost between three and five million yuan to repair it.
维护遗址需要高额的费用,修复费用在三到五百万元之间。
It has also been proved
is extremely expensive to maintain
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虚拟语气
地点状语从句、条件状语从句和让步状语从句
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1.As long as you’ve got a raincoat,you’ll be OK.
只要带上一件雨衣,一切事情都没问题。
2.Even though it’s the middle of July,we recommend that you take warm and waterproof clothing with you.
尽管已是七月中旬了,但是我们还是建议你带上温暖防水的衣服。
3.Even if you get wet,I promise you’ll have a day to remember.
即使你淋湿了,我发誓你也会有可回忆的时光。
4.No matter what happens,you’re going to have a marvelous time.
不论发生什么事情,你都会度过一段美好时光的。
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书面表达——流程
1.细审题干理思路
仔细地审读试题,理清写作思路,明确写作任务。做到五审清:①审清写作文体;②审清动词时态;③审清使用的人称;④审清写作要点;⑤审清其他具体写作要求等。确保有的放矢并圆满完成写作任务。
2.精心布局谋好篇
进行总体精心设计,心中快速谋篇布局。做到三设计:①设计需要涵盖几方面的内容要点;②设计需要分成几个段落来写;③设计需要使用哪些句型等。确保为下一步写作奠定坚实的基础。
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3.搭好框架信心足
迅速草拟一个写作小提纲,搭好写作的整体框架。做到二列出:①列出主要的要点提纲;②列出需要使用的主要单词、短语、句型等。确保下笔开始书写时,条理清晰,信心十足。
4.扩展提纲连成文
对写作提纲进行扩展,在答题纸上进行书写。做到六注意:①注意要点的完整性;②注意上下文的连贯性;③注意词汇及句式的多样性;④注意语言的准确性;⑤注意内容的积极充实性;⑥注意交际得体、逻辑清晰等。确保整体呈现出地道完整的短文。
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5.过渡词语文流畅
写作时适时适当地穿插过渡性单词、短语或句型。做到五衔接:①因果关系衔接(therefore,so,thus,as a result等)②举例示范衔接(for example,in other words,for in stance,that is to say等);③总结概括衔接(in summary,to sum up,in brief,in short,on the whole,in a word,all in all,in conclusion等);④递进过渡衔接(again,obviously,then,besides,further,furthermore,moreover,next,similarly,after a while,at the same time,in addition,meanwhile,suddenly,later,soon,in the same way,what’s more等);⑤转折让步衔接(unfortunately,though/although,anyway,but,however,otherwise,still,yet,after all,in spite of,on the contrary,on the other hand,in any case,whatever等)。确保短文过渡自然,衔接紧密,行文紧凑。
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6.复查全文把好关
擦亮眼睛,快速从头至尾耐心地复查,查看是否由于粗心而出现了一些低级错误,做到五复查:①单复数;②拼写;③搭配;④时态;⑤标点符号。确保把好写作的最后一道关。
温馨提醒满分作文六特点:层次不乱,句式多变,亮点若干,巧妙串联,小错不犯,整洁卷面。
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【文章导语】
Peking Man which was discovered in Zhoukoudian village was listed as a world cultural heritage site.Let’s see why it deserves the honor.
在周口店被发现的北京人被列为世界文化遗产,让我们一起看看它为什么获得此殊荣。
On December 2nd 1929,a Chinese paleoanthropologist named Pei Wenzhong discovered a complete skull of“Peking Man”on Dragon Bone Hill northwest of Zhoukoudian village,in the southwest suburbs of Beijing.
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Later,archaeologists unearthed 40-odd individually fossilized skeletons of “Peking Man”,male,female,old and young,all at the same site.Zhoukoudian,therefore,became the most common site for human remains with the most abundant1 fossils in the world from the same period.The discovery pushed the history of Beijing’s civilization back to some 600,000 years.These fossilized remains prove that“Peking Man”was primitive man in an evolutionary process from ancient ape to modern man,and is the ancestor of the Chinese nation.
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About 600,000 years ago,living on the plain here were tigers,leopards,deer,bovines,and beavers.For safety against these animals and shelter,Peking Man chose the limestone caves.At that time,Peking Man had a lower and flat forehead,bold superciliary2 ridges,high cheekbones,already walked straight-up,was capable of making tools,began production,and had his language.
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The discovery of Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian is regarded as the most valuable contribution in the 20th century to paleoanthropology.It advanced human history for tens of thousands years earlier,and so far it is still the world’s most intact3,the richest,and the most convincing remains of the primitive man’s activities,which strongly proves that“man originated from apes”and which provides the most precious first-hand evidence for the study of human origin and evolution as well as for reproducing the life of the earliest man.
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Apart from Peking Man Site,around Zhoukoudian are also discovered about 20 other sites with fossils of New Cave IVian about 100,000 years ago and fossils of Upper Cave Man about 18,000 years ago as well as fossils of other vertebrates4.Together they form a natural museum of the history of human beings and other living things.
Zhoukoudian is known worldwide as the home of Peking Man.In 1953,Zhoukoudian Museum was open to the public,and the site was brought under the state protection as a key historic site by the State Council.In 1987,UNESCO inscribed the Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian in the World Heritage List as a cultural heritage of the world.
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译文
1929年12月2日,我国人类考古学家裴文中先生在北京西南郊的周口店龙骨山北坡一个大洞穴中,发现了完整的北京猿人头盖骨。
后来,在这同一个地方,考古学家们又发现了40多具“北京人”的骨骼化石,其中有男有女,有老有少。从此,周口店北京猿人遗址闻名于世,这里保存着世界上数量最多的同一时期人类化石。“北京人”的发现将北京的历史向前推进了约60万年。这些化石证实,“北京人”就是处于古代猿人向现代人进化过程中的原始人类,是中华民族的祖先。
60万年前,这里平原辽阔,生长着虎、豹、鹿、牛、河狸等动物。为了躲避风雨和野兽的侵袭,北京猿人便在石灰岩的洞穴中栖身。北京猿人前额低平、眉骨粗壮、颧骨高凸,嘴巴前伸已能直立行走、制造工具、进行劳动,并有了语言。
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周口店北京猿人遗址的发现,被认为是20世纪古人类学研究中最具价值的贡献。它将人类历史的年代推前了数万年,并且至今仍是目前全球发现最完整、最丰富、最具有说服力的古人类活动遗存。它证实了“人是从猿变化而来的”这一事实,为研究人类的起源及其发展,为再现早期人类的生活面貌,提供了极为珍贵的第一手资料。
周口店以“北京猿人之家”闻名于世。1953年,周口店遗址博物馆对外开放;1961年,周口店遗址被国务院列为全国重点文物保护单位;1987年,联合国教科文组织将周口店“北京人”遗址作为文化遗产列入《世界遗产名录》。
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词海拾贝
1.abundant[ b nd nt]adj.大量的,充足的
2.superciliary[sju p sIlI ri]adj.眉痕,眉毛的
3.intact[In t kt]adj.完好无损的
4.vertebrate[ v tIbr t]n.脊椎动物
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理解诱思
1.The following are true except .
A.the discovery of a complete skull of“Peking Man ”made it known for human remains
B.at first,Peking Man lived in the cave for the purpose of keeping safe
C.the discovery of Peking Man Site provides solid evidence that“man originated from apes”
D.the Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian is on the World Heritage List.
2.Apart from Peking Man Site in China,please list some other ancient human sites
A
答案:Open
