Unit 1 单元主题语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Local officials in Beijing promised to further protect the city's cultural heritage (遗产), in particular the narrow streets known as Hutong.
Hutongs are commonly found in the cities of North China, but they are at risk.Beijing is currently believed to have fewer than 1,000 Hutongs, most of which are near the Forbidden City.Only 60 years ago, the number was 3,250.In the old districts of Dongcheng and Xicheng, some people will be asked to move from Hutong houses to avoid further damage to the ancient architecture.
“On average more than 100,000 people visit the Forbidden City during the National Day holidays.The visits put pressure on the protection of cultural relics，” said the director of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Urban Planning, adding that Hutongs should be protected from human damage.
The government focused on how the protection plans were carried out and how the management of cultural heritage worked.The head of the Xicheng district government said the area has 182 cultural relics, many of which were built as far back as the Yuan Dynasty (1271－1368)．“The most efficient way is to decrease the local population to reduce the possibility of causing harm to the heritage.”
“Each community has been required to report the status of its cultural heritage, especially Hutongs, and any actions to damage the heritage will be punished.”
No one knows for sure how many Hutongs will be left in the coming 100 years.
语篇解读：北京的胡同已不再是小小的街道，它记载着北京几百年的历史和文化。本文主要介绍了北京胡同的历史、现状及政府的保护措施。
1．How many Hutongs have disappeared in the past sixty years in Beijing
A．Fewer than 1,000. B．About 2,000.
C．More than 3,000. D．Over 4,000.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Beijing is currently believed to have fewer than 1,000 Hutongs, most of which are near the Forbidden City. Only 60 years ago, the number was 3,250.”可知，北京胡同的数量由60年前的3 250条减少至现在的不到1 000条，共减少了大约2 000条。故选B项。
2．According to Paragraph 3, which of the following is the main reason for the damage to cultural relics
A．People's activity.
B．Residents' attitude.
C．Communities' behavior.
D．The governments' policy.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The visits put pressure on the protection of cultural relics”和“Hutongs should be protected from human damage”以及倒数第三段最后一句可知，文化遗迹遭到破坏的主要因素是人们的活动。
3．Which of the following is a useful way to protect Hutongs
A．To attract more visitors.
B．To forbid everyone from getting close to them.
C．To increase the local population.
D．To punish anyone damaging them.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“... any actions to damage the heritage will be punished.”可知，加大对破坏胡同行为的惩罚是保护胡同比较有用的措施，故选D项。
4．What is the author's attitude toward Hutongs
A．Optimistic. B．Pessimistic.
C．Uninterested. D．Appreciative.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，作者对胡同未来的命运深感担忧，持悲观态度。
B
Trash is the talk of Shanghai. The city requires residents (居民) and businesses to sort their waste into separate bins. The task is tough: Shanghai produces more than 9 million tons of garbage every year and it lacks even a basic recycling system.
As far back as 2000, the Chinese government foresaw this problem and designated eight cities, including Shanghai, to pilot trash recycling programs. They all failed completely. Not only did the cities lack the equipment and facilities to recycle, but residents were given no rewards for sorting their trash or education about why it was so important. This ignorance continues. A 2018 survey of 3,600 residents of major Chinese cities found that nearly three quarters could not identify how to properly sort their trash for recycling.
Regardless, the government is trying again. In 2017, China announced a plan to promote “garbage sorting” in China's major cities. Shanghai's new program is the most visible and extensive one ever attempted in China. Under the plan, citizens are required to sort their trash into four separate categories: residual waste, recyclable waste, hazardous waste (such as batteries and light bulbs) and household food waste.
Importantly, the system in Shanghai is uniquely public. Residents can only throw away waste during certain hours, ensuring that neighbors will see who is and who isn't sorting properly. They must empty food waste into public bins without using bags, so everyone can also see what they're throwing away. A fine of up to 200 yuan, roughly D|S30, awaits those who don't sort waste. And officials will cut off garbage collection for the whole community if they don't obey the rules.
At the same time, Shanghai has spent weeks using every possible propaganda tool, from the social media to local and even national newspapers, to explain how and why residents should recycle. On Sina Weibo, the subject has been under heated discussion, with reports that the new regulations apply to foreign tourists as well. Younger Chinese seem to have favorable opinions of the program, though they fear it will be time consuming.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。从2019年7月1日起，上海开始实行严格的垃圾分类政策。
5．Why did the trash recycling programs in 2000 fail in China
A．Because of the lack of trash recycling technology and awareness.
B．Due to no experience of trash sorting and recycling.
C．Owing to Chinese cities producing too much trash to be dealt with.
D．On account of the Chinese government not predicting the trash problem.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Not only did the cities lack the equipment and facilities to recycle, but residents were given no rewards for sorting their trash or education about why it was so important.”可知，2000年的垃圾回收利用方案的失败是因为缺乏必要的设备和设施，并且居民也缺乏相关的意识。
6．Which of the following behavior disagrees with the trash sorting regulations
A．Throwing away garbage at the stated time.
B．Sorting their trash into four separate categories.
C．Putting trash into public bins without using bags.
D．Limiting the amount of the trash that could be thrown each time.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段和第四段内容可知，规定没有限制每次扔垃圾的数量。
7．What does the word “propaganda” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Avoiding risks.
B．Economic guarantees.
C．Carrying out policies.
D．Broadcasting information.
解析：选D 词义猜测题。根据后文中的“from the social media to local and even national newspapers”及“to explain how and why residents should recycle”可知，该词意为“宣传”。
8．What worries young people about the trash sorting program
A．Paying more charges.
B．Spending too much time.
C．Suffering inconvenience.
D．Exposing personal privacy.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Younger Chinese seem to have favorable opinions of the program, though they fear it will be time consuming.”可知，年轻人担心在垃圾分类上会花费太多时间。
Ⅱ.短文改错
How time flies! It won't be long after I say goodbye to my high school life. Look back on what has happened, I really want to share one of the most unforgettable experience with you.
It was my first time to give English speech. I felt worried, so I turned to Mrs. Li, my English teacher, with help. She had encouraged me to work hardly and practise more. Confidently, I practised them countless hours. My performance was very successful that it impressed my classmates a lot. I was not a talent speaker; I knew it took the SWEAT to finally taste the SWEET success.
答案：第二句：after→before
第三句：Look→Looking; experience→experiences
第四句：give后加an
第五句：with→for
第六句：去掉had; hardly→hard
第七句：them→it或去掉them
第八句：very→so
第九句：talent→talented
Ⅲ.书面表达
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友David对中国的长城很感兴趣，来信向你询问长城的有关情况。请根据以下要点给他写一封回信。
1．长城有两千多年的历史；长城全长21,196.18千米，高6至7米；宽4至5米；
2．长城代表了中国悠久的历史；
3．如今，长城已经成为著名的旅游景点。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear David，
How have you been lately You wanted to know about the Great Wall in your last letter.
Yours，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear David，
How have you been lately You wanted to know about the Great Wall in your last letter. I'm happy to tell you about it here. The Great Wall was built more than two thousand years ago. It is 21,196.18 kilometres long, six to seven metres high and four to five metres wide. The Great Wall, which represents the long history of China, is a great wonder created by the ancient Chinese people. Now the Great Wall has become one of the most famous attractions in China, and it attracts a large number of visitors from all over the world each year.
I hope you can come to China to visit the Great Wall one day. I'm sure you will enjoy it.
Yours，
Li Hua
PAGE
5Unit 1 单元主题语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Local officials in Beijing promised to further protect the city's cultural heritage (遗产), in particular the narrow streets known as Hutong.
Hutongs are commonly found in the cities of North China, but they are at risk.Beijing is currently believed to have fewer than 1,000 Hutongs, most of which are near the Forbidden City.Only 60 years ago, the number was 3,250.In the old districts of Dongcheng and Xicheng, some people will be asked to move from Hutong houses to avoid further damage to the ancient architecture.
“On average more than 100,000 people visit the Forbidden City during the National Day holidays.The visits put pressure on the protection of cultural relics，” said the director of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Urban Planning, adding that Hutongs should be protected from human damage.
The government focused on how the protection plans were carried out and how the management of cultural heritage worked.The head of the Xicheng district government said the area has 182 cultural relics, many of which were built as far back as the Yuan Dynasty (1271－1368)．“The most efficient way is to decrease the local population to reduce the possibility of causing harm to the heritage.”
“Each community has been required to report the status of its cultural heritage, especially Hutongs, and any actions to damage the heritage will be punished.”
No one knows for sure how many Hutongs will be left in the coming 100 years.
1．How many Hutongs have disappeared in the past sixty years in Beijing
A．Fewer than 1,000. B．About 2,000.
C．More than 3,000. D．Over 4,000.
2．According to Paragraph 3, which of the following is the main reason for the damage to cultural relics
A．People's activity.
B．Residents' attitude.
C．Communities' behavior.
D．The governments' policy.
3．Which of the following is a useful way to protect Hutongs
A．To attract more visitors.
B．To forbid everyone from getting close to them.
C．To increase the local population.
D．To punish anyone damaging them.
4．What is the author's attitude toward Hutongs
A．Optimistic. B．Pessimistic.
C．Uninterested. D．Appreciative.
B
Trash is the talk of Shanghai. The city requires residents (居民) and businesses to sort their waste into separate bins. The task is tough: Shanghai produces more than 9 million tons of garbage every year and it lacks even a basic recycling system.
As far back as 2000, the Chinese government foresaw this problem and designated eight cities, including Shanghai, to pilot trash recycling programs. They all failed completely. Not only did the cities lack the equipment and facilities to recycle, but residents were given no rewards for sorting their trash or education about why it was so important. This ignorance continues. A 2018 survey of 3,600 residents of major Chinese cities found that nearly three quarters could not identify how to properly sort their trash for recycling.
Regardless, the government is trying again. In 2017, China announced a plan to promote “garbage sorting” in China's major cities. Shanghai's new program is the most visible and extensive one ever attempted in China. Under the plan, citizens are required to sort their trash into four separate categories: residual waste, recyclable waste, hazardous waste (such as batteries and light bulbs) and household food waste.
Importantly, the system in Shanghai is uniquely public. Residents can only throw away waste during certain hours, ensuring that neighbors will see who is and who isn't sorting properly. They must empty food waste into public bins without using bags, so everyone can also see what they're throwing away. A fine of up to 200 yuan, roughly D|S30, awaits those who don't sort waste. And officials will cut off garbage collection for the whole community if they don't obey the rules.
At the same time, Shanghai has spent weeks using every possible propaganda tool, from the social media to local and even national newspapers, to explain how and why residents should recycle. On Sina Weibo, the subject has been under heated discussion, with reports that the new regulations apply to foreign tourists as well. Younger Chinese seem to have favorable opinions of the program, though they fear it will be time consuming.
5．Why did the trash recycling programs in 2000 fail in China
A．Because of the lack of trash recycling technology and awareness.
B．Due to no experience of trash sorting and recycling.
C．Owing to Chinese cities producing too much trash to be dealt with.
D．On account of the Chinese government not predicting the trash problem.
6．Which of the following behavior disagrees with the trash sorting regulations
A．Throwing away garbage at the stated time.
B．Sorting their trash into four separate categories.
C．Putting trash into public bins without using bags.
D．Limiting the amount of the trash that could be thrown each time.
7．What does the word “propaganda” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Avoiding risks.
B．Economic guarantees.
C．Carrying out policies.
D．Broadcasting information.
8．What worries young people about the trash sorting program
A．Paying more charges.
B．Spending too much time.
C．Suffering inconvenience.
D．Exposing personal privacy.
Ⅱ.短文改错
How time flies! It won't be long after I say goodbye to my high school life. Look back on what has happened, I really want to share one of the most unforgettable experience with you.
It was my first time to give English speech. I felt worried, so I turned to Mrs. Li, my English teacher, with help. She had encouraged me to work hardly and practise more. Confidently, I practised them countless hours. My performance was very successful that it impressed my classmates a lot. I was not a talent speaker; I knew it took the SWEAT to finally taste the SWEET success.
Ⅲ.书面表达
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友David对中国的长城很感兴趣，来信向你询问长城的有关情况。请根据以下要点给他写一封回信。
1．长城有两千多年的历史；长城全长21,196.18千米，高6至7米；宽4至5米；
2．长城代表了中国悠久的历史；
3．如今，长城已经成为著名的旅游景点。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear David，
How have you been lately You wanted to know about the Great Wall in your last letter.
Yours，
Li Hua
PAGE
5
