2021-2022学年牛津译林版八年级上册英语Unit 8 Natural disasters知识点梳理

8A Unit 8知识点梳理
Comic Strip
natural disasters 自然灾害 (nature n. - natural adj.)
wash away 冲走
be all wet 全湿了
somewhere(某地，用于肯定句) anywhere(某地，用于否定句)
nowhere(无处，表否定) everywhere(到处)
start to rain 开始下雨
wake up 醒来
举一反三：pick up 捡起 look up 查 catch up with 赶上 make up 编造 put up 举起，搭建，张贴
set up 建立 cheer up 使……开心 turn up 调高音量 give up 放弃 wake up 醒来
use up 用光 eat up 吃光 mop up 拖干净
mop up the water 把水拖干净
Didn’t you hear the rain
反问句用法同反义疑问句。
Didn’t you hear the rain
反义疑问句要点：
1.前肯后否，前否后肯；
2.回答前后一致；
（--Didn’t you hear the rain --Yes, I do. /No, I didn’t. 错误示范：Yes, I didn’t.）
3.意思看后不看前（Yes和No要反着翻译）。
（--Didn’t you hear the rain --Yes, I do. 不，我听到了。/No, I didn’t. 是的，我没听到。）
Welcome to the unit
lose the final 输掉决赛 （lose, 过去式：lost adj.lost n.loss）
wash away the village 冲走村庄
car accident 交通事故
hundreds/thousands/millions/billions of ...数百/上千/数百万/几十亿的
举一反三：3 hundred student VS hundreds of students VS 3 hundred of the students
crash into a tree 撞在树上
start a big fire 引起大火
举一反三：fire短语归纳：catch fire 着火（动作） be on fire着火（状态）
start/make a fire生活 put out a fire灭火
fall from the tree 从树上掉下来
a heavy storm with thunder and lightening 伴有雷电的大暴雨
hear about/of 听说 举一反三：hear from sb.=get/receive a letter from sb.
terrible adj. 糟糕的（修饰名词） terribly adv. 及其（程度副词，修饰adj, terribly cold）
happen（偶然发生） VS take place（有计划发生） (无被动)
本部分单词：earthquake/accident/coach/crash/storm/lightning/flood/hit
be/get hurt 受伤 =hurt oneself
Reading
in the early morning 在清晨
start to do=start doing 开始做某事
feel a slight shake 感觉到轻微的晃动(晃动n.：shake/shaking)
hear a loud noise like thunder 听到像雷声的噪音
考点剖析：loud: 发声器官发的声（如：laugh/cry/shout/talk） 还可做adj.（a loud noise）
loudly: 发声器官（如：laugh/cry/shout/talk）/外物（如：knock/ring）
aloud: 指“出声”只和read/think搭配
like bombs under the ground 像地下的炸弹
start to shake 开始摇晃 （shake过去式：shook 常见短语：shake hands）
scream in fear 恐惧地尖叫
举一反三：in fear/danger/surprise/trouble/order
fear n.害怕 fearful 害怕的 fearless 无畏的
run out of the building 跑出楼房
run in all directions 跑向四面八方 direction n.方向
try my best to run out 尽我所能的跑出
举一反三：try one’s best to do 尽力…… try to do 努力…… try doing 尝试……
pieces of glasses and bricks 玻璃片和砖块
fall down 掉落 come down 坍塌 calm down 冷静
begin to calm down 开始平静下来
say to oneself 自言自语
silent adj.寂静的 silence n.安静 silently adv. 寂静地=in silence
not at all 一点也不 (Not at all. 不用谢。/根本不--回应Would you mind ... )
if: ①如果（主将从现），引导条件状语从句；②是否，引导宾语从句
feel nervous 感觉紧张
beat fast 快速跳动
be trapped 被困住
find one’s way out 找到出路
a moment of fear 片刻的恐惧
go through my mind 划过我的脑海
mind: v. 介意/放在心上 Never mind. 没关系。（回应道歉） mind doing 介意……
n. 主意 change one’s mind 改主意 make up one’s mind 下决心
be alive 活着
考点剖析：alive adj.活着的 表语（be alive）/后置定语(the only man alive)
living adj.活着的表语(be living)/定语(the living man)
lively adj.活泼的
live v.生活/adv.直播地
since conj. 因为
考点剖析：since=as 因为 （众所周知的原因，主句常用祈使句）
Since/As we are all here, let’s start our lesson.
because 因为 （逻辑上的原因，常做why的回答）
shout for help 大声呼救
pull oneself slowly through the dark 把自己从黑暗中拉出
温故知新：pull oneself up the rocks攀爬岩石
There was just enough space for me to move. 恰恰有足够的移动的空间。
suddenly adv. 突然地 VS sudden adj. 突然的 a ~ visit
try to find my way out 试着找到我的出路
way in the/one’s way 挡路 on the/one’s way to 在去……的路上 in this way 这样的话
By the way. 顺便说一下。 No way. 不可能。
hear some noise above me 听到我头顶上有噪音
hear shouts from excited people 听到兴奋人们的叫喊声
move away the bricks 移走砖头
see the bright daylight 看见明亮的日光
考点剖析： be safe 安全 safe adj. - safely adv. - safety. n.
at last=finally=in the end
be asleep 睡着的 fall asleep 入睡 feel sleepy 感到困的
hit （过去式：hit) 袭击，击打
举一反三：和过去式同形的动词：cut/put/set/read/hit/hurt/cost/let/shut/spread/quit）
Grammar
过去进行时（past continuous tense）
概念：过去的某个时间点或一段时间进行的动作
标志词：
过去时间点：
at 7 last night，at that time yesterday, when I walked past your house(+短暂性V过去时)
过去时间段：
this morning, from 7 to 9 o’clock, those days, all day yesterday, the whole morning,
结合语境理解:（如：-I called you last night but failed. -Sorry, I was running）
-Listen carefully! -Sorry, I was thinking about something else.
-Do you understand what I said -Pardon I was talking with Mike.
无进行时的动词：情感类：like/love/hope/want/hate...
系动词：be/感官类
状态类：live（生活）/have(有)/own
短暂性：decide, stop (进行时表将来)
while/when/as区分
As/While/When Millie was watching TV, her parents came in.
特殊用法：
while: 前后都用进行时或主从句表对比时，只能用while。
--He was reading while she was dancing./He likes cats while she likes dogs.
when: 从句用短暂性动词时，只能用when。--I was watching TV when he came in.
as: 可译为“随着”-- As time goes by, ... / As days goes on, ...
stand on the side of the bus stop 站在公交站台边上
考点剖析：on either/each side of the road on neither side of the road on both sides of the road
break down 出故障 =go wrong=not work
举一反三：break in 插嘴 break into 破门而入 break out 爆发 break up 分手
break down 出故障 break out 爆发
because of the bad weather=be cause the weather is bad
ring sb. =call sb. 给……打电话
see/hear/notice/listen to sb. + do/doing区别
考点剖析：see sb. do 看见某人做某事（句中常有频率副词）
see sb. doing 看见某人正在做某事（句中会有具体时间点）
build a snowman 堆一个雪人
make a snowball 堆一个雪球
Integrated Skills
police 119-fire 120-hospital 122-traffic
tips for/on ... = suggestions/advice
as …as possible=as ... as sb. can/could 尽可能…… 如：as soon as possible 尽快
cover your mouth and nose with the wet towel 用湿毛巾盖住你的嘴和鼻子
protect yourself from the thick smoke 保护自己免受浓烟
stay low to the ground 保持贴近地面
walk through the flood water 在洪水里行走
the building on fire 着火的房子 VS The building is on fire. 房子在着火。
get to high ground 去高处
hide under a strong desk 藏在坚硬的桌下
follow traffic rules 遵守交通规则
ride your bicycle on railway 在铁轨上骑自行车
learn from 从……学习 VS learn a lot/much/more/little about ...对……了解很多/更多/一点
keep ourselves safe from fires 使我们远离火灾，保持安全
stay away from a window 远离窗户
burn our hands 烧伤我们的手
cover the burn with a clean towel 用干净的毛巾盖住伤口
put some cream on the burn 在伤口上涂抹一些膏药
All right. 好的（表同意和认可）
考点剖析：That’s all right. 没关系。（回应道歉）/不用谢。（回应感谢）
Study Skills
compound word 合成词
daughter/granddaughter/son/grandson/board/notice/noticeboard/
weekday/weekend/headache/toothache/housework/pancake/countryside
notice sb. do 看见……做某事 notice sb. doing 看到某人正在做某事
Task
keep falling 一直在降落
（keep:保持~ adj. /使……保持keep sb. adj/保存/饲养/继续 keep doing）
nearly fall over 差点摔倒 fall over=fall down fall off sth. 从……掉落
tell us to go home early 告诉我们早点回家
because of the heavy snow 因为大雪
ask me to go home 叫我回家
keep following around us 保持跟随在我们周围
hear the wind blowing 听到风吹
see many people waiting there 看到很多人在那里等着
lose my umbrella in the wind 在风中弄丢了我的伞
walk slowly in the deep snow 在深雪中慢慢行走
arrive at the bus stop 到达汽车站
hear the noise of the traffic 听到交通的噪音
hit Beijing 袭击北京
clear the snow from the streets 清除街上的积雪
重点句型
1. I was sleeping when it started to rain. 我正在睡觉，突然下起雨来。
2. Didn’t you hear the rain 你没听到下雨吗？
3. Who will mop up the water if I go without you
你如果你不和我一起去的话，谁把水拖干净呢
4.I was sleeping when the earthquake started.地震开始的时候我在睡觉。
5.Outside, the people were running in all directions while pieces of glasses and bricks were falling down. 外面，碎玻璃和碎砖块纷纷掉落下来，人们四处逃散。
6.I could not see anything at all, and I didn’t know if anyone else was near me.
我根本看不见任何东西 也不知道是否有人在我附近。
7.A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive.
我的脑海中滤过一阵恐惧，但我告诉自己要镇定下来，因为我仍然活着。
8.Luckily, there was just enough space for me to move.
幸运的是，有足够的空间让我移动。
9.I was walking to the bus stop. 我走向公交车站。
10.Were you waiting for a taxi 你在等出租车吗？
11.He was ringing someone to come and help when you saw us.
你看见我们的时候他在打电话向人求助。
12.When/while/As Millie was watching TV, Andy came into the room.
当Millie在看电视时，Andy 走进的房间。
13.Millie was watching TV when Andy came into the room.
Millie在看电视，这时，Andy 走进的房间。
14.When Simon arrived, Amy was getting some snow from the ground.
Simon到的时候, Amy从地面上拿了些雪。
16.What should we do when the earthquake happens 地震发生时我们应该做什么？
17.What should we do when there is a flood 发洪水时我们应该做什么？
18.what should we do if our building is on fire 我们的房子着火了我们应该做什么？
19. I share an umbrella while we were walking to the bus stop.
走向汽车站时我分享我的伞。
When we arrived at the bus stop, we saw many people waiting there.
当我们到达车站时，我们看见许多人在那里等待。
21. People were trying to clear the snow from the streets.人们试图将街上的雪扫除。