2022届高考英语二轮复习：强调句语法知识点归纳练习讲学案

2022届高考英语语法综合复习讲义
强调句语法知识点归纳练习
（含答案与解析）
01
强调句的基础知识点
如果在讲过去的事情：It was…that…
强调句最大的特点就是：脱掉 It is/was 和 that 的马甲后，剩下部分仍是完整的句子。
被强调的部分，可以是主语、宾语、表示时间、地点的信息等…… （打死不会是 adj. 或 v.）
>> 主语
>> 宾语
注：通贝里，16岁，瑞典人，被称为“环保少女”，发起“Fridays for Future”运动；在她的号召下，多国（不含中国）青少年参与了罢课游行活动。
>> 时间状语
>> 地点状语
02
强调句的疑问句形式
>> 一般疑问句
尝试翻译以下句子：
昨晚我看到在院子里的人是你吗？
解题步骤：
1）确定强调句的结构：It was…that…（昨晚用 was）
2）先写出最简单的陈述句：
I saw you in the yard last night.
昨晚我看到你在院子里。
3）强调句 → 一般疑问句
看着别扭是吗？多看几遍就习惯了。毕竟，改疑问句是小学五年级就要掌握的技能。
总结：
>> 特殊疑问句
你萌把下面的句子改成疑问句，看划线部分。
It was his playing phone games that made her so angry.
让她发飙的是他玩游戏（这件事）。
根据划线部分提问，也就是说，现在我们要假装 his playing phone games 是未知的 —— 所以，让她生气的是什么呢？
先想想怎么改。
总结：
除了What，强调句还可以用When，Where，Why，Which，Whose等疑问词，这里就不一一举例了。
多说一句，遇到强调句的疑问句时，如果觉得费劲，可以先把它们改成普通的陈述句。
来，验收下：
1）Was it because Jack came late for school _________ Mr. Smith got angry
A. why B. who C. where D. that
2）_________ is it _________ has made Peter _________ he is today
A. What, that, that B. That, that, what
C. What, what, that D. What, that, what
前面提到过，强调句最大的特点就是：去掉It is/was…that…之后，剩下部分是完整的。砍掉强调结构后：
多说一句，在强调句中，只能用 because 来引导原因状语从句：It is/was because…that…
不要因为空多而被唬住。
首先，题目是个问句，果断丢掉选项 B；剩下其它选项第一个空都是 What ，那咱就能确认开头几个词：What is it _________ has made Peter…（让Peter……的是什么）
第二个空就简单了，强调句嘛，What is it that has made Peter…
最后还有一个空，根据句意大概可以猜出：是什么使 Peter 成了今天这个样子：
What is it that has made Peter what he is today
03
三大要点归纳
1 如果被强调部分是人，that 可换成 who/ whom
>> 什么时候用 who？
被强调部分是主语的时候
用回老例子：
>> 什么时候用 whom？
被强调部分是宾语的时候
题外话：如今，这个跟宾语/宾格紧密联系在一起的whom，在一些西方国家的热度不如从前，所以我们在日常生活中（非正式）常会遇到本用 whom 的地方用了 who 的情况。例子之一就是：
Who are you talking to
你在跟谁讲话？
你品，你细品。
2 主谓一致。
被强调部分是主语时，that后面的动词要跟这个主语保持一致。
问题又来了：如果被强调部分是复数的主语，强调结构的 It is/was… 要不要改成 They are/were…之类的？
要改就改 that/who 后面的动词，动人家强调句本身的结构干什么！
3 It is/ was not until…that…
注：在这个强调句式里，not until 是合在一起的，不分开写。
I don’t get up until 12 o’clock.
我睡到12点才起床。
根据句式 It is not until…that…，句子改装为：
下面这个句子，你萌试着改改：
He didn’t turn up again until we had the bill.
直到我们把单买好了，他才又出现了。
04
四大易混淆的从句
1 强调句 VS 主语从句
虽然看上去也有 It is…that…，但在这个句子里，it 只是形式主语，真正的主语是 that 引导的整个从句。
把 that 从句看作一个整体，再把句子顺序调换一下，就很容易看出来整个从句趴在主语的坑上，所以是主语从句。
2 强调句 VS 状语从句
判断下，以下两句哪个是强调句，哪个是时间状语从句。
1) It was 11 o’clock when he came back from work.
2) It was at 11 o’clock that he came back from work.
一种很粗暴的判断方法是：1）句中有 when，所以是时间状语从句，剩下2）句出现了 It was…that…结构，所以是强调句。
这样讲也不是不行。
如果给句子上shǎi，就更容易看出来了。
1）句中的 it，代表时间。
主句 It was 11 o’clock，小学知识点。
之后接的，是由 when 引导的条件状语从句。
2）句中，我们把 It was…that…丢掉，再把剩下部分调整为正常的句式，看它完不完整：
3 强调句 VS 定语从句
下面两个句子，哪句才是正确的？
1）It was in this restaurant that he broke up with me.
2）It was in this restaurant where he broke up with me.
两句都没毛病。
1）强调句 | 2）定语从句
1）强调句很容易看出来：丢掉 It was…that…后，剩下的部分还是完完整整的。
2）定语从句
可以还原为一般的两个句子：
a. It was in this restaurant.
b. He broke up with me in this restaurant.
其中 in this restaurant 为相同部分，合体以后，b 句的 in this restaurant 就可以由表示“在哪里”的 where 替代。
听得云里雾里的童鞋，一定要去看虫子之前写的「定语从句」那章。
05
课后练习
1. It was not until 1920 _________ regular radio broadcasts began.
A. while B. which C. that D. when
2. It was about 600 years ago _________ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
A. that B. until C. before D. when
3. It _________ Tom and Mary who want to go swimming.
A. is B. are C. be D. being
4. Was it in 1969 _________ the American astronauts succeeded _________ landing on the moon
A. when, on B. that, on
C. when, in D. that, in
5. Could it be in the restaurant in _________ you had dinner with me yesterday _________ you lost your handbag
A. that, which B. which, that
C. where, that D. which, when
6. It was the middle of the night _________ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.
A. that B. as C. which D. when
7. _________ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.
A. It was we being late
B. It was our being late
C. It was we were too late
D. It was because we were late
8. Was it five o'clock _________ the fire broke out
A. when B. that C. which D. in which
9. — Where did you know him
— It was on the farm _________ we worked.
A. where B. that C. which D. in which
10. It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man to the hospital, _________
A. did they B. didn’t they
C. wasn’t it D. was it
答案
1～5 CAADB 6～10 DBAAC
1. It was not until 1920 _________ regular radio broadcasts began.A. while B. which C. that D. when
解析： It is/ was not until…that…注：在这个强调句式里，not until 是合在一起的，不分开写。
2. It was about 600 years ago _________ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
A. that B. until C. before D. when
解析：在考试中看到 It was，首先考虑下是不是强调句。现在把 It was 和 横线（假设它是 that）一起去掉，看剩下部分是不是完整的句子：The first clock with a face and an hour hand was made about 600 years ago. 句子没毛病，就是强调句。
3. It _________ Tom and Mary who want to go swimming.
A. is B. are C. be D. being
解析：正文里面讲过的，想要主谓一致，要动就动 that/who 后面的动词，不要动人家强调句本身 It is/ was...的结构。
4. Was it in 1969 _________ the American astronauts succeeded _________ landing on the moon A. when, on B. that, on
C. when, in D. that, in
解析：这题的考点是「强调句」和固定搭配 succeed in doing sth。
5. Could it be in the restaurant in _________ you had dinner with me yesterday _________ you lost your handbag A. that, which B. which, that
C. where, that D. which, when
解析：本题同时考察「定语从句」和「强调句」，仔细一点就能解开。先看题目，拼拼凑凑也能看出大意：你的手提包会不会说在我们昨天吃饭的那个餐厅丢的？
6. It was the middle of the night _________ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.
A. that B. as C. which D. when
解析：考察「时间状语从句」。这里的 it，指的是“几点，几几年……”的时间，比如 “7点了，起来!” It is 7 o'clock. Wake up!再看题目，大半夜（的时候），老爸……。如果题目是 It was in the middle of the night _________ my father.... 这就又变成强调句了。
7. _________ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.A. It was we being late B. It was our being lateC. It was we were too late
D. It was because we were late
解析：看题目，再看选项，就知道考的是「强调句」。先看 that 后面都有些啥？caused him to... 嗯哼，看来句子少了个头（主语）。所以要在选项里找能担当主语的，果断B，one's doing sth，动名词做主语～ 一些童鞋可能会卡在D，如果要用 because we were late 的话，在 that 的后面你得把 caused 这个动作的头（主语）还给人家啊。
8. Was it five o'clock _________ the fire broke out
A. when B. that C. which D. in which
解析：同第2、第6题。
9. — Where did you know him — It was on the farm _________ we worked.
A. where B. that C. which D. in which
解析：考察「定语从句」和情景对话的能力。
抛开人家问的问题，单单 It was on the farm that we worked. 的确没毛病：我们工作的地方就在这农场。但是傻傻填 that 的话就是答非所问了。人家可是问“在哪里”，咱就得回答“在这里”：It was on the farm.哪个 farm 啊？咱一起工作过的 farm 啊～ It was on the farm where we worked.
10. It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man to the hospital, _________
A. did they B. didn’t they
C. wasn’t it D. was it
解析：反意疑问句的主语跟强调句的主语 it 保持一致，不要管被强调部分是单数还是复数，也不用理TA是不是人。总之看齐 it was 就可以了。前面肯定，反义疑问句就否定；前面否定，后面就肯定。