吉林省长春市2022年中考英语备考语法专题：现在完成时的基本用法归纳与练习（含答案）

2022中考英语备考语法专题：现在完成时的基本用法归纳与练习
一、现在完成时考点分析
现在完成时是考试中的一个重要语法点，主要考查它的含义、结构、时间状语、短暂性动词和延续性动词的用法。考查点在题型上主要有单项选择、句型转换、翻译句子等。
二、现在完成时的构成
三、规则动词过去式、过去分词的构成
四、现在完成时的用法
五、现在完成时的时间状语
1. 常与现在完成时连用的状语：before 以前，ever 曾经，until 刚刚，never 从不，从来没有，recently 近来，最近，since 自从，just 刚刚，already 已经，yet 仍然，还，over the years多年以来，by now 到现在为止，during the last / few weeks 在过去的几个星期里，for a long time 很长时间，in the last / past few years / weeks 在过去的几年/周里，many times 许多次，over the past years 在过去的几年里，so far 到目前为止，up to / till now 到现在为止，many times 许多次。
2. 用法辨析：already， yet; never， ever; just
a） already往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气;yet通常用于否定句和疑问句。
He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。
Has he already left here？ 他（真地）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气）
My teachers haven't had breakfast yet. 我的老师们还没有吃早饭。
Have you written to your parents yet？ 你已经给你父母写过信了吗？
b） never是否定词，表示“从来没有”，用于肯定句中;而ever表示“曾经”，用于疑问句中。
We have never been to the Great Wall. 我们从来没有去过长城。
Have you ever been to Canada？ 你们曾经去过加拿大吗？
c） just表示“刚刚”，用于完成时态时，与already， never等副词的位置一样，多用在助动词have / has和动词过去分词之间。
He has just come back. 他刚刚回来。
They have just finished the work. 他們刚刚完成那项工作。
跟踪训练
一、同义句改写，每空词数不限。
1. He died 10 years ago.
He ____ for 10 years / since 10 years ago.
2. He borrowed the book two weeks ago.
He ____ the book for two weeks.
3. He bought the motorbike a month ago.
He ____ the motorbike for a month.
4. He arrived here three days ago.
He ____ here since three days ago.
5. They turned off the light two hours ago.
The light ____ for two hours.
6. He left here two years ago.
He ____ from here for two years.
7. The film began 30 minutes ago.
The film ____ for 30 minutes.
8. They opened the door an hour ago.
The door ____ for an hour.
9. They closed the door an hour ago.
The door ____ for an hour.
10. He joined the army last year.
He ____ a ____ for a year.
二、单项选择。
1. The famous writer ___ one new book in the past two years.
A. is writing B. was writing
C. wrote D. has written
2. Have you met Mr. Li ___？
A. just B. ago
C. before D. a moment ago
3. —How long have you ___ here？ —About two months.
A. been B. gone
C. come D. arrived
4. —Our country ___ a lot so far.—Yes. I hope it will be even ___.
A. has changed; well
B. changed; good
C. has changed; better
D. changed; better
5. —___ you ___ your homework yet？—Yes. I ___ it a moment ago.
A. Did; do; finished
B. Have; done; finished
C. Have; done; have finished
D. Will; do; finish
三、汉译英，每空词数不限。
1. 我的美国朋友爱上了宜昌，并且希望在此长住。
My American friend ______ Yichang and she wishes to live here forever.
2. 两个月以来，已经有400名大学生参加了“手机忍者”的测试。
400 college students ______ the test called “Mobile Phone Ninja” since two months ago.
3. 现在在十堰，大多数司机习惯了在斑马线前停下来等行人先行。
These days， most drivers ______ to wait for people to cross the road first at the zebra crossing in Shiyan.
4. 自2008年以来，达州发生了很大变化。
Great changes ______ in Dazhou since 2008.
5. Tina不可能在教室里，她去图书馆了。
Tina ____ be in the classroom. She____ to the library.
答案
一、1. has been dead 2. has kept 3. has had 4. has been 5. has been off 6. has been away 7. has been on
8. has been open 9. has been closed 10. has been; soldier
二、1—5 DCACB
三、1. has fallen in love with 2. have （already） taken part in 3. have been used to stopping 4. have taken place 5. can't; has gone