2022年中考英语语法总复习--非谓语动词：动词不定式 动名词讲与练（word版，含答案）

非谓语动词：动词不定式+动名词 讲与练（含答案）
2022年中考英语语法总复习
基本概念
在英语中，不作句子谓语，但仍具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词分类
不定式（to do sth）；动名词（v-ing）；现在分词（doing）；过去分词（done）；
初中阶段需要掌握的主要是动名词和不定式的固定搭配，及现在分词和过去分词的用法差别。
非谓语动词用法：
动词不定式（to do）的用法：
1. 作主语：
To learn English well is important.
To eat vegetables can help us keep healthy.
△ 动词不定式作主语时，可以用动名词替换。
Learning English is important.
Eating vegetables can help us keep healthy.
△ 动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而把不定式放在后面。
It’s important to learn English.
It can help us keep healthy to eat vegetables.
2. 作表语：
My job is to teach English./His hobby is to collect stamps.
3. 作宾语：
(1).动词不定式常用作及物动词的宾语，这些动词有：
want=would like(想要),learn, teach,make up one’s mind=decide=determine(决定做),hope,
wish,agree, afford(负担得起),try (do) one’s best(尽力),take actions(采取行动),plan, expect,
manage（设法）, fail, offer(主动提出), promise, refuse（拒绝）, pretend(假装),prepare,
fear,demand/need(要求，需要),arrange(安排),have ability(有能力)。
He wants to go home at once. I began to play the piano when I was four.
4. 作宾语补足语：
(1).动词不定式还可用作双宾的形式，这些动词有
want=would like(想要),task / tell / teach/warn(警告)/ wish / need=require=request(需要，要求)/expect /wish/ order =instruct=comand(命令，指示)/ encourage / allow =permit(允许)/ invite / enable / force /advise(建议)/beg(求)/bear(忍受)/drive(驱使)/cause(致使，引起)/persuade(说服)sb. (not)to do sth.
Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. Mother told me not to come home late.
I’d like you to meet my family.
批注：advise sb. to do sth./suggest (that) sb.(should) do sth.(虚拟语气)
△使役动词make, let, have后的宾语补足语，其不定式的to要省略。而help 后的不
定式可以带to，也可以不带to。但是改成被动语态时，要加“to”:
make/let/have sb. do sth. /help sb.(to) do sth.
Could you please help me (to) do some housework
I hear him sing every night. (变成被动语态)
→He is heard to sing by me every night.(变成被动语态)
We saw her play the piano last night.
→She was seen to play the piano by us last night.
It made me feel sad.(变成被动语态)
→I was made to feel sad by it.
注意：感官动词see, hear, watch, notice等动词的用法：
see
Sb. hear sb. / sth. doing sth.
watch do
notice
5.作定语：
(1)这种不定式与它所修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。
I have much work to do. Do you have anything to say
Would you like something. to eat It’s a good place to have fun.
如果这个不定式是不及物动词，它后面就要有必要的介词。
There is nothing to worry_________. / He has no room to live _________.
The dog is easy to take care ________. / I’d like some paper to write __________.
(2)说明所修辞名词的内容：
We had a plan to finish the work.
(3)被修辞名词是不定式逻辑主语：
He is the first to get there.
6. 作状语：
I came here to see you. （目的）
I’m sorry to hear that. （原因）
Tom is too young to go to school. （结果）
To get to work, he takes No.7 bus every day. （目的）
7. “疑问词+不定式”结构：
疑问词who, what, when, where, how, which等后接不定式，构成不定式短语，在句中作
主语，宾语，表语等。
Where to live is a problem. （主语）
Do you know when to start （宾语）
The problem is how to use the machine. （表语）
I don’t know to do it. （宾语） A.what B. how
8.固定短语.
can’t wait to do sth迫不及待做某事
get/have a chance to do sth.得到一个做某事的机会
It’s+ adj.+(for sb) to do sth.做某事（对某人来说）怎么样
It’s+adj.+(of sb.) to do sth.
It takes sb. Some time/money to do sth.花费某人多长时间做某事（常考）
It’s best for sb. to do sth对某人来说做某事是最好的
It’s time for sb to do sth.是某人做某事的时候了
too…(for sb.)to ......太.....以致不能.....=not…enough to do=so...that....(否定)
动名词(V-ing)的用法：
1. 作主语：
Seeing is believeing.
Watching Tv is bad for your eyes.
2. 作表语：Her favorite is reading.
3.作宾语：I like reading .
Thanks for inviting me.
4. 作定语：It’s a reading room.
△ running star, living room, eating habit, English-speaking country, Tree-planting Day
5. 有些动词后只能跟动名词而不能跟不定式，这些动词有：
①enjoy/like/love(喜欢)/hate=dislike(讨厌) doing sth.
②stop sb. from doing sth. =(prevent/keep)（阻止某人做某事）
③feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
④. succeed in doing sth.=manage to do sth.设法成功做某事
⑤spend…(in) doing 花费……做某事=It take sb. time to do sth.
⑥thanks for doing sth. 因某事感谢某人
⑦have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事很有趣/高兴
⑧practice doing sth. 练习做某事
⑨finish doing sth. 完成做某事
⑩mind doing sth. 介意做某事
(11) be busy doing sth.=be busy with sth忙于做某事
(12) give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
(13) can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事
(14) have trouble/problem/a hard time / difficulty doing sth. 做某事有困难
(15) put off /delay doing sth. 推迟做某事
(16). keep sb. doing / keep doing sth.使某人保持做某事
(17) prefer doing to (介词) doing… 比起…更喜欢…
=would rather do than do=prefer to do rather than do
=like doing better than doing.
(18)admit(承认) doing sth./deny（否认）doing sth.
(19)be afraid of doing sth/ to do sth (害怕做)
(20)sth be worth doing 值得做...
(21)waste time(money) doing sth.
(22)be proud of doing sth. 骄傲做...
(23)be interested in doing sth. 对...感兴趣
(24)be good at=do well in doing sth 擅长做...
(25)be keen on=be fond of doing sth. 沉迷做...
(26)It’s no use/good doing sth. 做...没用
(27)how about=what about doing sth (...怎么样？)
(28)advise=suggest(建议) doing sth
(29)allow =permit(允许) doing sth
(30) get/be used to doing sth 习惯做某事
比较：used to do sth 过去常常做某事/be used to do sth/be used for doing sth.被用来做某事
(31).imagine/avoid(避免)/think of(认为)/dream of(梦想)/burst out(爆发，突然发生)/look forward
to(期待)/insist on(坚持)/get tired of(厌倦)/consider/concentrate on (集中注意力)=pay attention to
doing 注意做某事/instead of(代替)/take charge of=be responsible for=be in charge of(负责做)
6. 有些动词后所带的宾语既可以是不定式，又可以是动名词，但所表达的意义不同。
（1）stop
She stopped (talk) with me when she saw me.
It’s time for class. Please stop (talk).
（2）go on=continue（继续）
He didn’t have a rest and went on (work).
After cleaning the room, we went on (cook).
（3）forget /remember
I usually forgot (close) the door, but I remembered (close) it just now.
（4）try
Why not try (do) it in another way
He always tries ________( finish)his work before dinner.
（5）regret doing sth. / to do sth. (后悔，遗憾)
（6）sb. mean to do sth.(打算做) / Sth. mean doing sth.(意味着)
begin/start, like/love doing sth/ to do sth.
某些固定句型用原形：
1．Will(Woud)/Can(could) you please (not) do sth… 请（不要）做某事好吗？
2．had better do sth最好做某事
3．Let’s=Why not do sth… =why don’t you... +动词原形 为何不做某事
4．would rather(not) do sth…宁可（不）；宁愿（不）
此句型也可以扩展成：would rather do sth than do sth=would do rather than do
在祈使语气（或口语）中。
【巩固练习】
1. Remember ________ the new textbook here when you come next time.
A. to bring B.taking C.to take D.bringing
2. More and more people enjoy ______ NBA these days.
A. watch B.to watch C.watching D.watched
3. I was so sleepy that I could hardly keep my eyes________.
A. opened B. to open C.open D.opening
4. carefully, Lisa! There's a church ahead.
A) Drive B) To drive C) Drove D) Driving
5.It's not a good idea to make the boy __________ the new words again and again.
A. copies B. copy C. to copy D. copying
6. — My plan is ________ videos at home. What are you going to do, Jenny
— Well, I prefer ________ movies at the cinema.
A. to watch, see B. watching, see C. watching, to see D. to watch, to see
7. Spring is here. Everyone is looking forward to _______ a trip to the Forest Park.
A. take B. to take C. taking D. took
8. He used to be a good movie director but nowadays he is only busy ________ money.
A. How B. made C. to make D. making
9. The mother always encouraged her baby ________ up by himself when he fell over.
A. stand B. stood C. to stand D. standing
10. My little brother was keen on ______stamps when he was young.
A.collect B. collected C. collecting D. to collect
11. To improve our English, our teacher asks us _________ English newspapers every day.
A. reading B. to read C. read D. reads
12.Don’t be afraid ofquestions if you don’t understand what I’ve taught in today’s lesson.
A.raise B.raised C.raising D.to raise
13. You’d better ________ look up every new world in the dictionary because you can guess it from the context.
A .don’t B. not C. to not D. not to
14. Jenny can ask her teacher for help if she can’t finish ___________ the report by herself.
A. write B. writing C. to write D. writes
15. The river here is seriously polluted and I've warned Jack _________ in it.
A. not to swim B. to not swim C. don't swim D. doesn't swim
16. The young man has denied _____ the motorcycle near the Wal-Mart store.
A. steal B. to steal C. stealing D. stole
17. The poor baby has kept _______ for a long time because he can’t find his mother.
A. cry B. crying C. cries D. cried
18. Don’t forget _____ off the lights and air conditioner when you leave.
A. turn B. to turn C. turning D. to turning
19.The workers on the construction site are used to _______at 5:30 in the morning .
A. get up B. got up C. getting up D. have got up
20.With repeated efforts, I managed ________ the baby stop crying.
A. make B. to make C. to making D. making
21. As a member of the school team , Peter practicesbasketball every day.
A. play B. to play C. . plays D. playing
22. The teacher let the students _______ a rest for a while in the classroom.
A. have B. to have C. having D.had
23. In my eyes, one of the best ways to lose weight is ______ regularly.
A) to exercise B) exercise C) to exercising D) exercised
24.I think a policeman’s responsibility is ______our city a safe place.
A) make B) makes C)making D)to make
25. The new policy enables people ______ train tickets either from the station or on the Internet.
A. buying B. buy C. to buy D. bought
26.It is not easy ________ many phone numbers especially mobile phone numbers.
A. remember B. remembering C. to remember D. remembered
27.If you don’t mind ________ for several more minutes, I’ll tell you the whole story.
A. stay B. staying C. will stay D. to stay
28.Karen’s dream is ________ a computer programme designer.
A. become B. will become C. becomes D. to become
29.The system has the ability ________ more than one program at the same time.
A. running B. runs C. to run D. ran
30.The bank clerk' admitted _______ everything about the plan of the robbery at last.
A. know B. knowing C. to know D. knew
31.It is said that nowadays young people would rather _________their friends for advice.
A. asked B. ask C. to ask D. asking
32. Most children expect Father Christmas ________ them the gift as they wish.
A) give B) to give C) gave D) giving
33. Mother told Jimmy ______ with her friends online and said it was a waste of time.
A) to stop to chat B) stooping to chat
C) stop to chat D) to stop chatting
34. The most important thing for a good detective to do is ________ the innocent.
A) to protect B) protects C) protected D) protect
35. Mr. White will take charge of ________ invitation cards for the celebration party next month.
A. prepare B. prepared C. preparing D. to prepare
36.The farmers stop ________ in the field and have a rest when the sun sets every day.
A. to work B. worked C. working D. work
37.In my opinion, Hollywood is really a wonderful place ________.
A) visit B) to visit C) visiting D) visited
38.The organization is considering ________ some money to victims of the natural disaster.
A) donate B)donating C) to donate D)to donating
39.The modern fashion in education is to let the child ________ everything!
A) decide B)decides C) to decide D)deciding
40.Lily thinks she is too fat and refuses________ as usual, which makes his parents worried.
A) to eat B)eat C)eating D)eats
41.We’ll make laws______ our environment.
A) protected B) protecting C) to protect D) protect
42. My little brother hopesthe film Dad, Where are We Going, though he has seen it twice.
A) to see B) see C) to seeing D) saw
43.To live a green life, we try ________ more energy and produce less pollution.
A. to save B. save C. saves D. saved
44.Mr. White spent about one hour and a half __________ the accident report yesterday evening.
A. write B. written C. writing D. to write
45.Children are often warned ______ the fire.
A) not to play B) to play C) don’t play D) doesn’t play
46.We’d rather _______ some books instead of playing computer games.
A) read B) to read C) reading D) reads
47.Nowadays most of the Chinese have decided ________a trip to Malaysia.
A. don’t take B. not to take C. not take D. won’t take
48.Look out! The traffic is moving fast. It’s ___________ dangerous ___________ cross the road.
A) very… to B) so…to C) much… to D) too…to
49.The way of improving our spoken English is __________it as often as we can.
A) speak B) to speak C) spoken D) to speaking
50.As we know __________ plays an important part in communication.
A. listen B. listening C. listens D. listened
51.The most important thing for us Grade Nine students now ishard as much as possible.
A) work B) to work C) working D) worked
52.Pansy agrees one of the basic ways ________ our memory is to use the link method.
A) improving B) to improve C) improve D) improved
53.It is essential for a good detective ________ the innocent and to find the guilty.
A) to protect B) protecting C) protect D) protected
54.In that small seaside village, most children are good at ________.
A) swim B) swam C) swimming D) swims
55.Researchers at Xerox designed an icon system. But Apple was the first ______ it popular.
A) make B) to make C) making D) made
56. Don’t allow other thoughts ______ your mind when trying to memorize something.
A) enter B) to enter C) entering D) entered
57.South Korean first female president, Park Geun-hye promised ______ her best to serve people.
A. do B. doing C. did D. to do
58.Albert hates ________ here and there to attend all kinds of boring conferences.
A) fly B) flying C) flies D) has flown
59.Newspapers say that so far H7N9(禽流感) has caused several people ________.
A) die B) to die C) dying D) died
60.The only way ________ the river is by ferry. There isn’t a bridge for miles.
A) cross B) crossing C) to cross D) to crossing
61.I’m sorry to keep you ________ for such a long time!
A) wait B) waiting C) to wait D) waited
62.Jane plays the piano best in our class, so I never forget ________ the music she played for the first time.
A) to hear B) heard C) hearing D) hear
63.The young ought to be allowed ________ their dream by themselves.
A) achieve B) to achieve C) achieving D) achieved
64.Diana used ________ on the right of the road in China, but she soon got used ________ on the left in New Zealand.
A) to drive, driving B) to drive, to drive
C) to driving, to drive D) to drive, to driving
65.My father doesn't like shopping at all. He would rather ________ TV at home than ________
around for hours in shops.
A) to watch, to walk B)watch, to walk C) watch, walk D) to watch, walk
66.A good way to improve our memory is ________ information with pictures.
A) link B) linked C) links D) to link
67.Volunteering is the only best way ______about how the rest of the world lives.
A. know B. knows C. knowing D. to know
68.The volunteers at the airport offer________ heavy luggage for the passengers.
A) carry B) to carry C) carrying D) carried
69.The invention of Wechat（微信）makes it easier _________ in touch with friends.
A.keeping B keep C to keep D keeps
70.Our monitor has made up his mind _______a basketball match after the final exam.
A) organizing 　 B) organize 　 C) organized 　 D) to organize
71.Mrs Lin advised the students_______with friends online and said it was a waste of time.
A.to stop to chat B.to stop chatting C.stop to chat D.stopping to chat
72.Let’s just imagine on Mars in the near future. Isn’t it amazing
A) to live B) lives C) living D) lives
73.Tony is an engineer to look after the environment. Today he has a new project _________.
A) do B) to do C) doing D) does
74.Mr,Drake called 5 minutes ago. He’d like your nephew _____his fence.
A.fix B.fixes C.to fix D.fixed
75.The caring father seems ______ everything about his children.
A) know B) knowing C) to know D) to knowing
76.People held many activities ______ the 80th anniversary of Long March victory.
A)celebrate B)celebrating C)to celebrate D)celebrated
77.Ken looked around the room and wasn’t sure where _________his new painting .
A. hang B. hanging C. hung D. to hang
78.The headmaster often suggests________on both sides of the paper.
A) write B) writes writing C) writing D) to write
79.We should try _______many fats or sweets, because they don’t help us grow strong.
A. don’t eat B. not eat C. not to eat D. won’t eat
80.Today's tickets for The Revenant(荒野猎人)have been sold out.seeing it tomorrow
A) Shall we B) What about C) Why not D) Let's
81.The lady is going to have an important meetingin Beijing in two weeks' time.
A) attend B) to attend C) attends D) attending
82.The new App allows us to use voice to create notes instead of_______ all the words.
A. to type B. type C. typing D. typed
83.The doctor has worked in the operation room all night withoutany rest.
A.take B.takes C.to take D.taking
84.How glad they wereeach other again in Beijing.
A.to see B.see C.seeing D.seen
85. " ______ playing the game and go to bed at once, Tom," Father said to his son.
A) To stop B) Stop C) Stopping D) Stopped
86.How about ______to English radio programs every day if you want to improve your listening skill
A) listen B) to listen C) listened D) listening
87.People in other countries are becoming more interested in ______Chinese characters.
A) learned B) to learn C) learn D) learning
88.Our monitor didn't feel well last week, but she didn't give up ______ the writing contest.
A) attend B) attends C) attending D) to attend
89.Most supermarkets in Shanghai have stopped ______ free plastic bags in the past few years.
A) provide B) to provide C) providing D) provided
90.Beautiful songs and excellent performance let the audience ______ excited.
A. feel B. to feel C. feeling D. felt
参考答案
1-5 ACCAB 6-10 DCDCC 11-15 BCBBA 16-20 CBBCB 21-25 DAADC
26-30 CBDCB 31-35BBDAC 36-40 CBBAA 41-45 CAACA 46-50 ABDBB
51-55 BBACB 56-60 BDBBC 61-65 BCBDC 66-70 DDBCA 71-75 BCBCC
76-80 CDCCB 81-85 BCDAB 86-90 DDCCA