2021年山西省中考二轮专题复习-代词专题（word版，含答案）

代词pron.
知识导图
命题点1 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
(必考：每年2～3道；单选、完形、词语运用)
分析山西近5年中考真题可知，对代词的考查主要在单选、完形和词语运用三个题型中涉及。其中，在单选和完形中考查辨人称(每年1～2道)，即三个选项的形式相同，人称不同，如：we, you, they；而在词语运用中则考查人称代词主格的形式转化(每年1道)，其中包括：变宾格(2017.80, 2015.80)、变形容词性物主代词(2019.71)、变名词性物主代词(2016.72)及变反身代词(2018.78)。
考生在复习时，应熟记人称代词、物主代词与反身代词的各个形式
人称代词、物主代词与反身代词一览表
考向一 辨人称（必考：每年1～2道）
当选项为不同人称同一形式时，应根据句子中的提示词或已给出的人称判断空格处相应的代词；其中第一、二人称比较容易判断，第三人称的辨别方法如下：
1. 若空格处指代的是题干中的lady, woman, mother, Miss, Mrs., sister, aunt, girl, madam等代表女士的词或Lily, Lucy等女名时，应用与she相关的词(she, her, hers, herself)；
2. 若空格处指代的是题干中的gentleman, man, father, Mr., brother, uncle, boy, sir等代表男士的词或Jack, Tom等男名时，应用与he相关的词(he, him, his, himself)；
3. 若空格处指代的是题干中的some people, many students等表示第三人称复数的词时，应用与they相关的词(they, them, their, theirs, themselves)。
例　Children will be in danger in the swimming pool if their parents don’t take good care of ________.
A. yourselves　　B. ourselves 　　C. themselves
方法点拨：第①步：根据选项可知，本题考查不同人称代词的反身代词辨析；第②步：根据语境可知关键词为“Children”，是第三人称的提示词；第③步：结合选项，利用排除法可知该题应使用与第三人称复数“they”有关的代词形式。故选C。
考向二 辨形式(必考：每年1道)　
辨形式为山西中考近5年的必考点，均在词语运用中考查。考查特点为给出人称代词主格，变为人称代词宾格、物主代词、反身代词。解答此类试题的关键在于分析空格部分在句子中所作的成分，同时要注意以下几点：
如：
I think he has a ping pong ball.(作主语)我认为他有一个乒乓球。[七(上) Unit 5 P27]
Could you just tell him to call me back？(作宾语)你能让他给我回电话吗？[七(下)Unit 7 P38]
When I fell and hurt myself, my mother gave me a hug and lifted me up.(作宾语)当我摔倒伤到自己时，我妈妈给了我一个拥抱，并把我扶了起来。[九(全)Unit 7 P51]
The green pen is hers, too.(作表语)这支绿色的钢笔也是她的。[七(上)Unit 3 P14 ]
The brave boy in the story was myself.(作表语)故事中那个勇敢的男孩是我自己。
My birthday is on May 2nd.(作定语)我的生日在5月2号。[七(上)Unit 8 P43]
拓展
1. 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的区别
名词性物主代词＝形容词性物主代词＋名词。即：形容词性物主代词之后一定接名词，名词性物主代词之后不需接任何词。如：
My idea is quite different from hers.我的观点和她的大不相同。(hers＝her idea)
2. 形容词性物主代词的常见固定搭配
all one’s life某人一生；终生
do/try one’s best尽某人最大的努力
hold one’s breath屏住呼吸
lose one’s life/way丧生/迷路
make up/change one’s mind下定决心/改变主意
take one’s time不着急；慢慢来
to one’s surprise使某人感到惊奇的是
with one’s help在某人的帮助下
3. 反身代词的常见固定搭配
(1)动词之后
devote oneself to献身于
dress oneself自己穿衣服
enjoy oneself玩得愉快
help oneself (to)自用(食物等)
hurt oneself伤害某人自己
lose oneself (in)迷失方向；沉醉于
prove oneself证明自己
pull oneself together振作起来；恢复镇定
teach oneself (＝learn by oneself)自学
(2)介词之后
by oneself独自；亲自
come to oneself苏醒
for oneself为自己
keep...to oneself保守……的秘密
look after oneself/take care of oneself照顾自己
say to oneself自言自语
smile to oneself暗笑
think to oneself盘算
山西5年真题(2015～2019)
5. （2019山西21题）—New kinds of morning exercises like dancing are becoming popular.
— _______ can help us keep fit and have fun.
A. We B. You C. They
6.（2018山西21题） In our lives, our parents give us love and warmth. In return, we should understand and care about _______ .
A. us B. you C. them
7.（2017山西21题）Believing in _______ is a very important rule for you to get along well with others.
A. myself B. himself C. yourself
8. (2015山西16题)Nowadays many travellers usually take photos with koalas in Australia. These photos are ________ good memories.
A. his B. her C. their
命题点2 普通不定代词 (近5年未单独设题考查)
分析山西近5年中考真题可知，普通不定代词未单独设题考查，但some, any, no作为课标要求掌握的语法点，考生仍需掌握。其他常见不定代词仅作了解即可。
初中阶段几组易混淆的不定代词
1. some与any
2. both, either与neither
3. all, any与none
4. each与every
5. another, other, the other, the others与others
6. many与much
命题点3　复合不定代词 (2015.44；完形)
分析山西中考近5年真题，对复合不定代词的考查仅考查过1次复合不定代词词义辨析(2015.44)。解答不定代词辨析类试题，首先要分析语境或找出句中的关键词，并明确代词所指代的对象：
①若指人用 body或 one类，若指物用 thing类；
②肯定概念用some 或every 类，否定概念多用any 或no 类；
③判断有没有固定句型。
1. 初中阶段常见的复合不定代词
2. 复合不定代词的用法
(1)由some和any构成的复合不定代词的区别与some和any的区别基本相同，即someone, somebody, something通常用于肯定句；anyone, anybody, anything通常用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句。
(2)当形容词或else(另外)修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词之后。如：
We usually plan to do something interesting, or go somewhere together.我们通常计划做一些有趣的事情，或者一起去某个地方。[九(全)Unit 10 P75]
(3)复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Somebody is speaking in the empty house.有人在那个空房子里说话。
3. 复合不定代词常用句型
(1)There is something wrong with...意为“……出问题了”。如：
There is something wrong with my computer. Can you help me repair it？我的电脑有点问题，你能帮助我修理下吗？
(2)...has something/nothing to do with...意为“……与……有/无关”。如：
Don’t blame him. The trouble has nothing to do with him. 不要责怪他，这件麻烦事与他无关。
(3) sb. can do nothing but...意为“某人什么都不能做只能……”。如：
I can do nothing but walk home. 除了步行回家，我什么都做不了。
命题点4　指示代词与疑问代词 (近5年未单独设题考查)
一、指示代词
山西中考近5年未对指示代词进行考查，但作为课标要求的语法点，考生仍需要掌握。
1. this, that, these与those的区别
(1)this(these为其复数)指代较近的人或物，也可以是介绍别人；that(those为其复数)指代较远的人或物。
(2)打电话时用this指代自己，用that指代对方。如：
—Hello! Who is that 你好！你是哪位？
—Hello！This is Jane speaking. 你好！我是简。
(3)表示比较时用that指代上文出现的名词。如：
The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shenzhen.北京的天气比深圳的冷。
2. it, one, this与that的用法
3. it的常用句型
(1)作形式主语：
①It is＋adj.＋(for sb.)＋to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是怎么样的。如：
I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework.我认为对孩子们来说，学习如何做家务和帮助父母做家务是重要的。[八(下)Unit 3 P22]
②It takes/took sb.some time/money to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间/金钱。如：
It takes several hours to get out of the airport and into the city.从机场出来到市区需要花费数小时。
③It’s＋adj.＋that 从句。如：
It’s impolite that you always talk back to your parents.你总是和你的父母顶嘴是不礼貌的。
(2)作形式宾语：常用在动词find, think, make, consider, feel等词后。如：
I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m gradually getting used to it. 我发现很难记住每件事，但我逐渐习惯了。[九(全)Unit 10 P78]
二、疑问代词
疑问代词是用来构成特殊疑问句的代词，一般放在句首，并在句中充当主语、表语、宾语或定语。具体用法如下：
拓展
所有疑问代词都可以作为连接代词，在复合句中连接主句和从句：
1. 所有疑问代词均可引导宾语从句；
2. 除what外的疑问代词均可引导定语从句。
一、单项选择
1. (2019南京改编)Last month the students in Changjiang Road Primary School held the “Ten Years of Growth Ceremony” to celebrate ________ 10th birthday together.
A. our B. their C. your
2. (2019郴州)Our teachers and parents will be proud of us because we have grown up and can be responsible for ________．
A. themselves B. ourselves C. yourselves
3. (2019盐城改编)________ needs one or two close friends to share his happiness and sadness with.
A. Someone B. Anyone C. Everyone
4. (2019 太原市一模)After the “Two Sessions”， a beautiful lady named Zhang Lu became famous for ________ performance as an interpreter(口译员)behind Premier Li Keqiang.
A. his B. her C. their
5. (2020原创)Mrs. Brown was the first teacher who had made Paul feel like he was ________. So he respects her very much.
A. nobody B. somebody C. anybody
6. (2020原创)In fact, it’s a quite good idea for a teacher to leave his students some time in every class so that ________ can express their own opinions freely.
A. they B. we C. you
7. (2020原创)Don’t want to be like anyone else no matter how popular or handsome he or she is. Just be ________. After all, everyone is special.
A. yourself B. himself C. myself
8. (2020原创)Last Friday we had a meaningful day, because ________ the students in our class were organized to help the old in a community nearby.
A. all B. both C. neither
9. (2020原创)—I’m planning a trip to Yangshuo this summer. How is the weather there
—Not so hot. ________ is the right time to travel there.
A. This B. That C. It
10. (2020原创)Mrs. Song is always kind enough to help me with my English study. I really want to say “thanks” to ________ at the corner of graduation.
A. him B. them C. her
11. (2020原创)After comparing the two solutions to the problem, I realized ________ was better than ours.
A. hers B. theirs C. its
12. (2020原创)—I’m sorry I took your notebook by mistake after school yesterday. But where is ________
—Don’t worry. Let’s find it together.
A. yours B. his C. mine
二、用所给代词的适当形式填空(2020原创)
13. Tony often helps ________ mother do some housework on weekends, such as washing the dishes and sweeping the floor.(he)
14. It is a good idea to bring ________ camera because we may want to take photos of the autumn leaves during the trip.(you)
15. The little boy learned how to dress ________ with the help of his mother, which made his mother excited.(he)
16.There’re some differences between Eastern and Western culture. We should understand and respect ________．(they)
17. Everything is possible with practice and patience. Just believe in ________ and do your best to make your dream come true.(you)
18. Different people have different methods to learn English. For ________， the best way to learn English well is to practice and read more.(I)
19. Life is full of challenges. But we should know we must have bright future of ________ as long as we hold on to it.(we)
20. Doing some chores at home helps to develop children’s independence and make ________ prepare for a better future. (they)
21. Chances will never find you by ____________. You have to prepare very well before it comes so that you can make good use of it.(they)
22. Knowledge is the only thing that can not be taken away from ________. And it is one of the most valuable treasures.(we)
专题二　代　词
1. B　2. B　3. C　4. B　5. B　6. A　7. A　8. A 　9. C　10. C　11. B　12. C　13. his　14. your　
15. himself　16. them　17. yourself　18. me　19. ours　20. them　21. themselves　22. us
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