单选巧解讲与练
一、 语境——开启单选题的钥匙
纵观近年来的全国各省市中考英语试题,单项选择题的命题方向正朝着语境化方向发展。即所给的选项往往填入空处句意都可说通,我们只有通过对具体的语境加以分析,注意前后意义的联系,方可作出正确的解答。例如:
Basketball is a kind of ____ sport. You cant win the match by yourself.
A. popular B. exciting
C. enjoyable D. team
答案与分析:从前一个句子来看,各词填入句子中都可表达一个正确的意义,但后面一句说明的是“你独自一人不能赢得一场比赛”,说明篮球需要集体的配合,需要团队精神,故正确答案应为D。
二、 情景交际——单选题的热点
英语是一门学习语言的学科,学习的目的在于应用,因而功能项目无疑应是考试中的重中之重。现在的中考单项选择题中“语境与情景”是命题者命题的主要指导思想。解此类题应注意在具体的情景下使用正确、合适的应对方式。例如:
—Shall I take this chair to your room?
—____. Ill do it myself.
A. Yes, please B. Good idea
C. No, thanks D. Never mind
答案与分析:由答句说明的“我自己做”可知前面应对对方所提出帮忙作委婉拒绝。正确答案为C。
三、 习惯搭配——解答单选题的捷径
单项选择题常会涉及一些英语固定短语、固定结构及习惯用法等,对此类题我们可在理解句意的基础上,根据习惯表达方式直接选出答案。例如:
—You speak English very well. You must have a good English teacher.
—But no one taught me. I learned it all by ____.
A. me B. I C. mine D. myself
答案与分析:(all) by oneself是一个固定短语,表示“独自地”,故这里应用反身代词。正确答案为D。
四、关键词——单选题的解题突破口
有些单项选择题,在题干中含有一些有利于我们解题的关键词,抓住这些关键词会使我们的问题迎刃而解。例如:
Mobile phones are very popular now and they are ____ than before.
A. cheap B. cheaper
C. cheapest D. the cheapest
答案与分析:解此题的关键是抓住than一词,由此我们可以知道这里是二者进行的比较,故应用比较级。正确答案为B。
五、 近义词——单选题的拦路虎
英语中的近义词辨析题很多,这也是同学们常感到较难的一类题。做此类题的准确率在于我们平时对它们用法区别的理解情况。我们应学会分析近义词。例如:
—Your watch is so nice. How much was it?
—It ____ me ¥500.
A. bought B. paid C. spent D. cost
答案與分析:所填词应表示“花费”,buy的宾语如果是人,则表示“为谁买”,主语应为人,在此处不合适。pay, spend, cost是中考中常出现的一组近义词。pay和spend的主语应为人,pay常与for连用, spend常后接on something或(in) doing something,而cost的主语应为物。此处主语为物,所以应用cost。正确答案为D。
六、生活常识——单选题中的一道美丽风景线
正因为学习语言旨在应用,在许多省市中考试题的单项选择题中出现了一些涉及到天文、地理、政治、历史、风俗习惯、时事、科技等生活常识的考题,解题时我们需借助于日常生活经验及其它相关学科的知识来进行推理,从而得出正确的答案。例如:
The sign “@” in tzjoy@ means ____.
A. a B. to C. at D. on
答案与分析:在电子邮件的地址中出现了一个符号“@”,这个符号实际上表达的意思是at。正确答案为C。
当然,解单项选择题的方法和途径是多种多样的,我们在解题时应具体问题具体分析,切忌生搬硬套。在解题中常常是多种方法综合使用。同学们应注意灵活机动,多练习。只要练就了扎实的基本功,结合一些切实可行的解题技巧,相信大家一定能逐步提高解答单项选择题的正确率。
巩固练习
1. —I forgot to bring my notebook.
—____. You can borrow some paper from me.
A. Help yourself B. Im sorry
C. No problem D. So careless
2. —What kind of ____ do you like best?
—I like math.
A. clothes B. animals
C. subjects D. sports
3. There are two classes ____ Saturday afternoon. We can not have a rest this weekend.
A. at B. on C. in D. of
4. There is ____ report in todays news-
paper. Its about the International Film Fest-
ival, Shanghai.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
5. —____ do you like Chinese food!
—Very much.
A. What B. Why C. How D. For what
6. —Who’s in the office?
—Mr Smith is. He ____ a report.
A. is writing B. wrote
C. would write
7. Who ____ playing ping-pong in your class?
A. wants B. hopes C. enjoys
8. —This pink dress looks nice on you and it is only twenty yuan.
—OK, ____.
A. Ill need it B. Ill take it
C. Its too expensive D. Id like to sell it
9. —What are you ____ over there?
—My watch, but I cant ____ it.
A. seeing; find B. watching; look
C. looking for; find
D. finding; see
10. Jack,____ your coat. Its very cold today.
A. put on B. take of C. put up
11. —Wow!What a nice dress you are wearing!
—____.
A. Thank you B. I think so
C. Yes, it is D. No, its bad
12. My teacher asked me ____ late for school again.
A. not to be B. not be C. to be not
答案
1—5 CCBAC 6—10 ACBCA 11—12 AA