2022年重庆市中考英语复习讲义之情态动词（word版）

2022年重庆市中考英语复习讲义之情态动词
情态动词的通用用法
情态动词后必须和动词原形搭配使用
He can skate on the snow skillfully.
大部分情态动词不会受人和数的变化
情态动词一般会具有多义性
各个情态动词的详解
can/could
表示“能够”“可以”，代表有这个能力做某事=be able to do。 它的否定形式can’t不能做
He can find different herbs easily.=He is able to find different herbs easily
表示“可能”，它的否定形式can’t 不可能
Mr. Li can’t be at home. He is doing exercise with his son.
表示“许可‘’
Owning the driving license means that you can drive car.
should
表示“责任和义务”，应该，一般用于第二人称
You should develop a good learning habit because of double reduction policy
表示出乎意料，竟然，居然的含义
The gentleman should be so rude an old lady in the subway.
must
表示必须，强制性要求。它的否定形式是don’t have to/ needn’t不必要
----Must I finish my work now
---No, you don’t have to/needn’t.
表示猜测，一般只用于肯定陈述句，表示非常肯定，一定的意思
It must be Lily’s coat. Her name is on it.
will/would
表示将要，用于一般将来时或者过去将来时
Our plane will land at the airport in two hours.
She said she would be a teacher in the future.
表示意愿，愿意做某事
He called me that he had already arrived at the workplace, but he wouldn’t tell me what he worked on.
may
表示猜测，可能性较小，也许
He may get lost in Tokyo,after all, the roads are difficult for him.
表示祝愿，祝福
May you happy in the future life.
need
可以做情态动词，表示需要
The students need finish the homework before Friday.
You needn’t do that, because it’s useless.
可以做实义动词，表示需要,need的形式要受时态，主语单复数的影响短语有need to do,need doing.
The students need to finish the homework before Friday.
You don’t need do that, because it’s useless.
He needs to cut his hair. It’s too long.
dare
①可以做情态动词，表示敢
The brave boy dare swim in the icy river.
②可以做实义动词，表示敢,dare的形式要受时态，主语单复数的影响短语有dare to do
I don’t dare to swim in the river. It’s too dangerous.
had better
表示最好做某事，一般用于提建议，语气委婉。否定形式是had better not do.
注意】：You’d better….表示劝告或委婉的命令，对长辈不宜使用。
You had better do sports every day.
You had better not smoke here. Look at the sign.
have/has to
表示不得不，客观条件的必须。
It’s late now. I have to go home now.
情态动词的特殊用法
情态动词+动词原形 表现在或将来
情态动词+have done 表过去,可以和一般过去的时间状语，连用
It must have rained last night。
We can achieve our goal one day.
补充：情态动词＋have done的用法
(1)should have done表示“本来应该做某事而实际上未做”，而shouldn’t have done则表示“本不应该做某事而实际上做了”
You should have done it earlier.
You shouldn’t have said such words to your friends.it’s so mean.
(2)needn’t have done表示“本无必要做某事而实际上做了”
You needn’t have taken the taxi.
(3)could have done表示“本来有可能……而事实上未做到”
I could have arrived on time，but my car broke down on the way.
课堂练习
单项选择
In today’s information age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problems for a company.
A．need B．should C．can D．must
2. —Listen! Is Professor Johnson giving a report in the hall
—No, it be him. He has gone to Japan.
A. needn’t B. may not C. mustn’t D. can’t
3. —Is Jessica giving us a speech this evening
—No, it ________be her. She________ to Japan.
mustn’t; has gone B. mustn’t ;has been
C. can’t ;has gone D. can’t ;has been
4. Boys and girls, don’t forget your report . It ______ today.
A. can’t finish B. can’t be finished C. should finish D. should be finished
5. I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ___________ take me to Disneyland at weekends.
A．might B．must
C．would D．should
Keys: C D C D C
课后练习
单项选择
—I’m a little tired. Let’s go to the zoo by taxi.
—We take a taxi. It’s not far from here.
can’t B. mustn’t C. couldn’t D. needn’t
—______ I take some photos in the hall
— No, you ______.
A. Can, needn’t B. Must, mustn’t C. Could, won’t D. May, mustn’t
3. If the traffic light is red, you ________ cross the road. It’s very dangerous.
A. don’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. wouldn’t
4. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _______ be rather cold sometimes.
A. must B. can C. should D. would
5. —Our class won the English speaking contest.
6. —Congratulations! You _______ be very proud of it.
A. can B. need C. would D. must
7. —____________I borrow these magazines
—Sorry, only the magazines over there can be borrowed.
Must B. Would C. May D. Need
The desk is not dirty. You _______clean it.
A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. needn’t C. can’t