Unit6 SectionA
知识讲解
1. invent v. 发明；创造
inventor n. 发明家 invention n. 发明
2. with prep. 有；带有；具有
with作介词，常见的用法还有：
（1）意为＂和……一起＂，表示伴随。
（2）意为＂用……＂，表示使用某种工具、手段等。
（3）意为＂关于；对于；对……来说＂，表示关系等。
3. Is it really such a great invention 它真的是如此了不起的一项发明吗？
(1)such＋a(an)＋adj.＋单数可数名词＋that从句。
(2)such＋adj.＋不可数名词＋that从句。
(3)such＋adj.＋名词复数＋that从句。
such (a/an) + adj. + n. 意为＂如此……的（一个）……＂。
4. It is said that...据说……；有人说……
It is believed that...＂人们认为……＂；
It is reported that... ＂据报道……＂；
It is known that... ＂总所周知……＂；
It is supposed that...＂据猜测……＂。
5. thousand 数词 千
（1）thousands of 表示概数，意为＂数以千计的；成千上万的＂，这时thousand后加—s，且后面有介词of，此时不能与数词连用。
（2）与thousand用法类似的词还有：hundred＂百＂；million＂百万＂；billion＂十亿＂。
专题练习
一、单项选择
1．I ________ like playing basketball. I play it every day after school.
A．easily B．nearly C．really D．well
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：我非常喜欢打篮球。我每天放学后都打。
考查副词辨析。easily容易地；nearly几乎；really非常；极其；well好。根据“I play it every day after school.”可知，此处是我非常喜欢打篮球。故选C。
2．The picture ________ in October, 1996.
A．was taking B．had been taken C．was taken D．had taken
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：这张照片拍摄于1996年10月。
考查时态和语态。take拍摄，根据时间状语in October, 1996可知，此处用一般过去时，结合句意，主语the picture与谓语take之间是被动关系，因此谓语用被动语态，故选C。
3．—It is reported that the Shenzhou-13 spaceship ________ into space successfully on October 16th, 2021.
— How proud we Chinese are!
A．sent B．is sent C．was sent D．sends
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：——据报道，神舟十三号宇宙飞船于2021年10月16日成功送入太空。——我们中国人多么自豪啊！
考查被动语态。根据句意可知，空格所在句中的spaceship在句中作主语并且与动词send之间是被动关系；根据句中的时间“on October 16th, 2021”属于过去的时间，故句子考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据一般过去时的被动语态构成“was/were+动词的过去分词”，句子的主语（spaceship）是第三人称单数，故用was sent。故选C。
4．Everyone is quite _______ to have a _______ trip.
A．pleased; pleasant B．pleasing; pleased
C．pleasure; please D．pleasant; pleased
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：每个人都很高兴有一个愉快的旅行。
考查形容词辨析。pleased高兴的，常用来修饰人；pleasant令人愉快的，常用作定语修饰物；pleasing令人愉悦的，修饰物；pleasure快乐/使愉悦；please使愉快。分析句子可知，前空作表语形容everyone，需用pleased；后空修饰名词trip作定语用pleasant，a pleasant trip“一次愉快的旅行”符合语境。故选A。
5．They have bought more than 14,000 books since the library ________ last month.
A．built B．will built C．was built
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：自上个月图书馆建成以来，他们已经购买了14000多本书。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“since”可知，是“自从”之意，从句时态用一般过去时；再者根据“the library”和“build”可知，两者是被动关系，因此was built符合句意。故选C。
二、完型填空
It has been more than two thousand years since we began to use an umbrella on rainy days. However, people often felt not convenient to hold an umbrella while working. Then the rubber raincoat was invented by an Englishman named Macintosh in 1823.
In 1492, Columbus, a well-known Italian voyager, 6 the New World—the American. He brought a lot of things to Europe from South America. Rubber was one of them, 7 people didn’t know its use at that time. In 1770, people found that the rubber could be used 8 erasers.
Macintosh was a worker in an eraser factory in Scotland. One day he spilled（洒出）some rubber liquid（液体）over his clothes 9 when making erasers. He was too busy to clean it and went back home wearing the 10 clothes. On the way home, it rained heavily. Having no umbrella, Macintosh had to run home quickly. When he got home, he 11 the wet clothes. To his surprise, the area of the 12 with rubber wasn’t wet. “Why not make a rubber raincoat ” Macintosh thought. The next day he brushed the rubber liquid all over a coat. He wore the “rubber coat” on 13 days and took a walk in the field to test if it 14 really keep off the rain. 15 , the clothes inside the “rubber coat” weren’t wet at all. The rubber raincoat was created in this way by chance.
The rubber raincoats soon appeared on the market. However, they were sticky in summer and hardened in winter. Year after year, people kept on improving the raincoats. Today raincoats are widely used in our daily lives.
6．A．invented B．created C．described D．discovered
7．A．and B．but C．or D．if
8．A．as B．to C．from D．by
9．A．slowly B．quickly C．carelessly D．carefully
10．A．new B．old C．clean D．dirty
11．A．took off B．put on C．look out D．put off
12．A．body B．clothes C．house D．liquid
13．A．cloudy B．windy C．snowy D．rainy
14．A．might B．should C．could D．must
15．A．Especially B．Suddenly C．Surprisingly D．Normally
【答案】
6．D
7．B
8．A
9．C
10．D
11．A
12．B
13．D
14．C
15．C
【分析】
文章大意：本文主要向我们介绍了橡胶雨衣的发明创造。下雨天拿雨伞工作是很不方便的，后来，橡胶雨衣是被一个叫做Macintosh的英国人在1823年发明的。文章具体介绍了他因忙于工作而没有清洗不小心倒在他衣服上的橡胶液体，结果倒有橡胶液体的衣服的那一块没有被雨淋湿，因此他靠这种偶然的方式发明了雨衣。后来，人们不断改进雨衣。今天，雨衣在我们的日常生活中被广泛使用。
6．句意：1492年，著名的意大利航海家哥伦布发现了新大陆——美洲新大陆。
考查动词及语境理解。A. invented发明；B. created创造；C. described描述；D. discovered发现。根据the New World—the American.结合常识可知，意大利航海家哥伦布在1492年发现了新大陆——美洲新大陆，故答案选D。
7．句意：他从南美洲给欧洲带来了很多东西。橡胶就是其中之一，但当时人们并不知道它的用途。
考查连词及语境理解。A. and和，表示并列关系；B. but但是，表示转折关系；C. or或者，表示选择关系；D. if假如、如果，表示条件。根据He brought a lot of things to Europe from South America. Rubber was one of them,以及people didn’t know its use at that time，可知前后句句意之间是转折关系，所以应用but来连接，故答案选B。
8．句意：1770年，人们发现橡胶可以被用作橡皮擦。
考查介词及语境理解。A. as作为、用作；B. to到、向；C. from从、来自；D. by被、由。根据people found that the rubber could be used __3__ erasers.可知句意为“人们发现橡胶可以被用作橡皮擦”，此处表达的意思是“用作、当作”，be used as“被当作……使用”，故答案选A。
9．句意：有一天，他在做橡皮时不小心地把一些橡胶液体洒在衣服上。
考查副词及语境理解。A. slowly慢慢地；B. quickly迅速地；C. carelessly粗心地、不小心地；D. carefully小心地。根据when making erasers，以及he spilled some rubber liquid over his clothes，可知应是在做橡皮时不小心地把一些橡胶液体洒在衣服上了，故答案选C。
10．句意：他太忙了，没时间清洁它，就穿着脏衣服回家了。
考查形容词及语境理解。A. new新的；B. old旧的；C. clean干净的；D. dirty脏的。联系上文可知他在做橡皮时不小心地把一些橡胶液体洒在衣服上了，由He was too busy to clean it他太忙了，以至于没有时间去清理它，可知他是穿着脏衣服就回家了，故答案选D。
11．句意：当他回到家时，他脱掉了湿衣服。
考查动词短语及语境理解。A. took off脱下；B. put on穿上；C. look out小心；D. put off推迟。根据When he got home, he __6__ the wet clothes. 结合常识可知，他被雨淋湿了，所以回家以后，应该是把湿衣服脱下，故答案选A。
12．句意：令他惊讶的是，有橡胶液体的地方衣服没有湿。
考查名词及语境理解。A. body身体；B. clothes衣服；C. house房子；D. liquid液体。根据下文“Why not make a rubber raincoat ” Macintosh thought. The next day he brushed the rubber liquid all over a coat. “为什么不做一件橡胶雨衣呢 ”Macintosh想，第二天，他把橡胶液在衣服上都刷了一遍；结合To his surprise, the area of the __7__ with rubber wasn’t wet.可知是他惊讶有橡胶液体的地方“衣服”没有湿，所以他才想做一件橡胶雨衣，故答案选B。
13．句意：在下雨天，他穿上那件“橡胶外套”，在田野里散步。
考查形容词及语境理解。A. cloudy多云的；B. windy有风的；C. snowy下雪的；D. rainy下雨的。根据上文可知他把橡胶液在衣服上都刷了一遍，做了一件“橡胶雨衣”，结合He wore the “rubber coat” on __8__ days，可知应是在下雨天，他穿上那件“橡胶雨衣”，故答案选D。
14．句意：在下雨天，他穿上那件“橡胶外套”，在田野里散步，以检验它是否真的能挡雨。
考查情态动词及语境理解。A. might也许；B. should应该；C. could能、能够；D. must必须、一定。根据He wore the “rubber coat” on ___8___ days and took a walk in the field to test if it ___9___ really keep off the rain.可知是在下雨天，穿上“橡胶外套”，在田野里散步”，目的是检验它是否真的能够挡雨，所以could符合语境，故答案选C。
15．句意：令人惊讶的是，“橡胶外套”里面的衣服一点也不湿。
考查副词及语境理解。A. Especially特别、尤其；B. Suddenly突然；C. Surprisingly 令人惊讶地；D. Normally正常地。根据下文the clothes inside the “rubber coat” weren’t wet at all. “橡胶外套”里面的衣服一点也不湿，可知这是令人惊讶的，故答案选C。
三、阅读单选
What is the most important invention of all time Is it the written word that helps us to record information Is it the telephone that lets us talk to people from all over the world Is it the car that lets us travel at great speeds to meet others Umberto Eco, an Italian writer, thinks it is something quite different. He says the most important invention might be bright in front of your eyes. He is talking about a simple pair of glasses.
Modern eye glasses were invented around 1000 years ago. They were more than just a convenient way to read. Before glasses, writers, scientists or teachers who could not see properly had to memorize everything. After about ten years of poor eyesight, they could not remember well enough and could not work. Glasses meant that people could work in their old age.
People who wanted to remember some information could write it down and read it. Eye glasses are one of the world’s greatest inventions and were probably worn by the people who designed the first telephones and cars.
16．The invention of the written word is important because ____.
A．we need it to listen
B．we need it to record information
C．we just need it to read
17．The author thinks ____ is the greatest invention of all time in his passage.
A．the telephone B．the car C．a simple pair of glasses
18．From this passage, we can know ____.
A．modern eye glasses were invented 100 years ago
B．people who designed the first telephones and cars probably wore those glasses
C．the author of this article is an American
【答案】
16．B
17．C
18．B
【分析】
这篇短文主要讲述了一直来什么是最重要的发明，作者认为最重要的发明是一副眼镜。
16．根据文中Is it the written word that helps us to record information 可知，我们需要它记录信息。故选B。
17．根据文中He says the most important invention might be bright in front of your eyes. He is talking about a simple pair of glasses.可知，作者认为一副简单的眼镜是最重要的发明。故选C。
18．根据文中Before glasses, writers, scientists or teachers who could not see properly had to memorize everything. After about ten years of poor eyesight, they could not remember well enough and could not work. Glasses meant that people could work in their old age.可知，设计第一部电话和汽车的人可能戴着那些眼镜。故选B。
四、用所给单词的正确形式填空
19．His body ______(find )in his wooden house this morning .
【答案】was found
【详解】
句意：今天早上在他的木屋里发现了他的尸体。this morning今天早上，用于一般过去时；His body是动词find的受动者，需用被动语态，单数人称系词需用was；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填was found。
20．A number of mail-in-ballots(邮寄选票) needed ________ (count) in several states during the US presidential election.
【答案】to be counted
【详解】
句意：在美国总统选举期间，一些州需要对邮寄选票进行清点。根据语境可知，主语mail-in-ballots与动词count之间为被动关系，故应用“need to be done”的结构，故填to be counted。
21．It is said that the little boy _____(kidnap) last Sunday
【答案】was kidnapped
【详解】
句意：据说那个小男孩上星期天被绑架了。the little boy（小男孩）是动词kidnap的受动者，需用被动语态；last Sunday上个星期天，用于一般现在时；主语the little boy是单数第三人称，系词需用was，即“was + done”结构；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填was kidnapped。
22．This book ________ (write) by Guo Jingming last month.
【答案】was written
【详解】
句意：这本书是郭敬明上个月写的。write写；last month上个月，是一般过去时的标志；主语book是动词write的承受者，需用be done被动语态结构；结合book是单数第三人称，系词需用was，故填was written。
23．The students didn’t understand the sentence until it ________ (explain) again.
【答案】was explained
【详解】
句意：直到这个句子再次被解释，学生们才理解它。“it”指的是“sentence”，与所给词“explain”之间是被动关系，要用被动语态；根据“didn’t”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时；再根据主语 “it”是第三人称单数，故填was explained。
五、完成句子
24．这个气球掉入水里，留在了那里。
The balloon ______________ ______________ the water and remained there.
【答案】fell into
【详解】
掉入：fall into；根据后句“and remained there.”时态可知，空处所在的句子也应用一般过去时，动词用过去式fell。故填fell；into。
25．毫无疑问，中国是世界上最大的国家之一。
China is ________ ________ one of the largest countries around the world.
【答案】without doubt
【详解】
毫无疑问：without doubt，固定短语。故填without；doubt。
26．凯特把这些草莓分成了五份。(汉译英)
These strawberries ________ five parts by Kate.
【答案】were divided into
【详解】
根据中英文对照可知，divide…into…“把……分成……”。由“by”可知，本句是被动语态，即草莓被分成五份；动作发生在过去，应为一般过去时，即本句是一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were done，主语These strawberries是复数，故用were，divide用其过去分词形式。故填were divided into。
27．我想知道这段优美的曲子使他想到什么。
I wondered what ____________________________________________ the beautiful music.
【答案】he was reminded of by
【详解】
本句为宾语从句，所以语序要用陈述语序。通过中英文句子对照可知，英文句子中缺少“使某人想起什么”的表达，即remind sb of sth.，但对于某人来讲就是“被想起、被提醒”，所以用被动语态be reminded of，由前面的wondered可知，句子时态用一般过去时，所以be动词用was；指出动作的执行者用by。故填he was reminded of by。
28．据说它是世界上最昂贵的房子。
______________ ______________ ______________ it is the most expensive house in the world.
【答案】It’s said that
【详解】
根据中英文对比可知，挖空处应填“据说……”的英文表达，即“It’s said that...”。故填It’s；said；that。Unit6 SectionB
知识讲解
1. in the end 最后；最终
（1）at the end of...后接地点名词时，表示＂在……尽头＂；后接表示时间的名词时，表示＂在……结束时＂。
（2）by the end of...意为＂在……以前； 到……为止＂，常用于将来时态或过去完成时态的句子中。
2. Canadian adj. 加拿大的；加拿大的
Canada(加拿大) Canadian (加拿大人)
Australia (澳大利亚) Australian (澳大利亚人)
America (美国；美洲) American （美国人；美洲人）
3. divide...into把……分开
其被动结构为 be divided into，意为＂被分为……＂。
divide 及物动词，意为＂分开；分散＂，指把整体分成若干部分。
4. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
encourage sb. in sth. 意为＂在……方面助长某人的某种行为/鼓励某人＂。
5. at a low price 以低价
low形容词，意为＂低的＂。
6. translate /tr ns’le t/ v. 翻译
translate... into ...意为＂把……翻译成……＂，既可用于主动语态中，也可用于被动语态中。
专题练习
一、单项选择
1．—Why do you ________ Liu Hulan
—Because she is a great heroine.
A．look like B．look down on C．look over D．look up to
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：——你为什么敬仰刘胡兰？——因为她是一个伟大的女英雄。
考查动词短语辨析。look like看起来与……相似；look down on 看不起；look over检查；look up to 尊敬，敬仰；根据答语“Because she is a great heroine.”可知，刘胡兰是一个伟大的女英雄，使用look up to，敬仰英雄，符合语境；look up to sb.敬仰某人。故选D。
2．To encourage students to discuss in class, the teacher divided the class ________ several groups.
A．into B．with C．for D．by
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：为了鼓励学生在课堂上讨论，老师把全班分成了几个小组。
考查介词辨析。into到……里面；with伴随；for为了；by被。根据“the teacher divided the class … several groups”可知，是将全班分成小组，divide into表示“把……分成”，故选A。
3．We should ________ knowledge ________ practice.
A．connect, with B．divide, into C．translate, into D．deal, with
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：我们应该把知识和实践联系起来。
考查动词词组辨析。connect...with与……联系；divide...into把……分成；translate...into把……翻译成；deal with处理。“knowledge”和“practice ”关系应该是把它们联系起来。故选A。
4．Micheal Jackson is called King of Pop, and people all over the world _______ him.
A．look straight at B．look up to C．look down upon
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：迈克尔杰克逊被称为流行音乐之王，全世界的人都敬仰他。
考查动词短语。look straight at直视；look up to敬仰；look down upon看不起；根据“Micheal Jackson is called King of Pop”可知，此处说的是全世界人们都敬仰他，故选B。
5．Many foreign students came to our school last week, including three________and five________.
A．Germen; Canadian B．Germans; Canadians
C．Germen; Canadians D．Germans; Canadian
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：上周许多外国学生来我们学校，包括三个德国人和五个加拿大人。
考查专有名词的复数变化。Germen错误结构；Canadian加拿大人，单数形式；Germans 德国人，复数形式；Canadians加拿大人，复数形式；根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“三个德国人和两个加拿大人”，所以此处的名词都要用复数形式，“德国人”是German ，复数是Germans，而“加拿大人”是Canadian，复数是直接加s，故选B 。
二、完型填空
What do you need for an invention to be a success
To begin with, good timing is very 6 . You can have a good idea which the public doesn’t want yet. Take Giovanni Caselli as an example. He invented the first fax machine in the 1860s. Though the quality was excellent, his invention quickly 7 . The fax machine did not become a necessary piece of equipment in every office until the 1980s.
Money also helps. The Frenchman Denis Papin had the idea for a steam engine almost a hundred years before James Watt was born. Denis never had enough money to 8 one.
You also need to be patient. It took scientists nearly eighty years to invent a light bulb. 9 , you shouldn’t be too slow. In the 1870s, Elisha Gray developed plans for a telephone. Gray saw it only as “a beautiful toy”. When he finally sent details of his invention to the Patent Office (专利局) on February 14th, 1876, it was too 10 . Almost the same designs had arrived just two hours earlier. The young man who sent them was Alexander Graham Bell. He is remembered as the inventor of the telephone.
Of course what you really need is a wonderful idea. If you haven’t got one, a walk in the countryside and a careful look at 11 can help. The Swiss scientist, George de Mestral, had the idea for Velcro (粘扣) when he found his clothes covered in sticky seed pods after a walk in the countryside.
6．A．interesting B．important C．personal D．satisfying
7．A．died B．improved C．spread D．appeared
8．A．deliver B．repair C．use D．build
9．A．However B．Instead C．So far D．At last
10．A．modern B．difficult C．late D．old
11．A．society B．nature C．pictures D．advertisements
【答案】
6．B
7．A
8．D
9．A
10．C
11．B
【分析】
文章介绍了一项发明成功需要的几个条件。
6．
句意：首先，好的时机非常重要。
interesting有趣的；important重要的；personal个人的；satisfying满足的；根据“Though the quality was excellent, his invention quickly...The fax machine did not become a necessary piece of equipment in every office until the 1980s.”可知，发明的时机是很重要的，故选B。
7．
句意：虽然质量很好，但他的发明很快就销声匿迹了。
died死的；improved提高；spread传播；appeared出现；根据“The fax machine did not become a necessary piece of equipment in every office until the 1980s.”可知，传真机的发明销声匿迹了，故选A。
8．
句意：丹尼斯从来没有足够的钱建造一个。
deliver递送；repair修理；use使用；build修建；根据“Denis never had enough money”及句意可知，是没有钱建造蒸汽机，故选D。
9．
句意：然而，你不应该太慢。
However然而；Instead代替；So far到目前为止；At last最后；根据“It took scientists nearly eighty years to invent a light bulb.”以及“In the 1870s...The young man who sent them was Alexander Graham Bell.”可知，此处是转折关系，应用however连接，故选A。
10．
句意：当他最终于1876年2月14日将自己发明的细节提交给专利局时，为时已晚。
modern现代的；difficult困难的；late晚的；old老的；根据“Almost the same designs had arrived just two hours earlier.”可知，此处说的是提交的专利已经晚了，故选C。
11．
句意：如果你还没有，在乡间散步和仔细观察大自然会有所帮助。
society社会；nature自然；pictures图片；advertisements广告；根据“The Swiss scientist, George de Mestral, had the idea for Velcro (粘扣) when he found his clothes covered in sticky seed pods after a walk in the countryside.”可知，此处指的是“观察大自然”，故选B。
三、阅读单选
One of the main problems in cities is traffic congestion (堵塞). The main reason is that we are not expanding (扩展) our transportation systems fast enough to meet the ever-increasing demands (需求). One solution is to create a new type of transportation that doesn’t rely on (依赖) roads.
In the last century, planes and cars changed the way we lived. Cars have allowed us to move farther. Planes have cut travel time to faraway places. At the beginning of a new century, we may see the realization of a century-old dream---the mix of cars and planes---the flying cars. You might have heard news about flying cars before. The technology to make them safe and easy to fly may finally be here. With progress in lightweight material, computer models and no-man control, the dream is very close to becoming real.
Car maker Moller went public with the Skycar M400 in 2011. It is the first car that can take off and land straight. The four-seat-Skycar is powered by eight engines (引擎). The cost of the car is about $1million at first, but when it begins to be produced in large amounts, that price could come down to as low as $60,000.
The latest flying car CityHawk is said to be tested between 2021 and 2022. It is similar to the Skycar except for its power source. The important difference lies in the power fans that seem much quieter on the road. The CityHawk is as large as a middle-sized car. It could be used as an air taxi for news collection and traffic control.
The popularity of flying cars could be very exciting or very scary (令人害怕的), depending on how you see it. With proper rules, they could be the answer to our ever-heavier traffic pressure.
12．According to the first paragraph, the new type of transportation should be used to _______.
A．improve the speed of cars B．solve traffic congestion
C．increase people’s demands D．replace the present transportation system
13．The writer mentions two kinds of flying cars to ________.
A．show the importance of flying cars B．explain how flying cars work
C．encourage people to buy flying cars D．show flying cars are coming to us
14．What’s the difference between the Skycar and the CityHawk
A．The Skycar has fewer seats.
B．The Skycar is more expensive.
C．The CityHawk is much smaller.
D．The CityHawk makes less noise.
15．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
16．We can infer from the text that the writer feels ________ about the future of flying cars.
A．doubtful B．hopeful C．negative D．worried
【答案】
12．B
13．D
14．D
15．A
16．B
【分析】
文章大意：由于现在交通压力大，所以随着交通工具的发展，人们在本世纪初发明了会飞的汽车并不断优化，有望在不久的将来解决现在的交通问题。
12．
细节理解题。根据第一段开头和结尾“One of the main problems in cities is traffic congestion (堵塞)…One solution is to create a new type of transportation that doesn’t rely on (依赖) roads.”可知，创造一种不依赖公路的新型交通工具是解决当前交通堵塞的一种方案，即新型的交通工具应被用来解决交通堵塞问题。故选B。
13．
判断推理题。根据第二段中“You might have heard news about flying cars before. The technology to make them safe and easy to fly may finally be here.”和最后一句“With proper rules, they could be the answer to our ever-heavier traffic pressure.”可知，文中提到两种会飞的汽车是为了表明这种新型的交通工具即将进入我们的生活中。故选D。
14．
细节理解题。根据第四段中“The important difference lies in the power fans that seem much quieter on the road.”可知，两种会飞的汽车的主要区别在于CityHawk的动力风扇在路上似乎更安静，产生的噪音更少。故选D。
15．
篇章结构题。结合全文内容来看，文章可以分为三个部分：第一部分是第一段，提出要创造一种新型交通工具来解决当前的交通问题；第二部分从第二段到第四段，具体介绍了两种会飞的汽车；最后一段是第三部分，对会飞的汽车进行了展望。故选A。
16．
判断推理题。结合全文语境，尤其是最后一句“With proper rules, they could be the answer to our ever-heavier traffic pressure.”可知作者详细介绍会飞的汽车是为了表明这种新型的交通工具即将进入我们的生活中，解决交通堵塞的问题，可推断出作者对这种新型交通工具的未来充满希望。故选B。
四、用所给单词的正确形式填空
17．A true friend can help you get out of ________ (sad) when you’re unhappy.
18．Our great leader Deng Xiaoping passed away in his ________ (90).
19．Our school sports meeting was ________ (success) held two weeks ago.
20．Make careful ________ (choose) before taking action, please.
21．Don’t worry. I have made much ________ (进步) in learning English.
【答案】
17．sadness
18．nineties
19．successfully
20．choice
21．progress
【解析】
17．句意：当你不开心时，一个真正的朋友可以帮助你走出悲伤。of是介词，后面跟名词。sad的名词为sadness。故填：sadness。
18．句意：我们伟大的领袖邓小平90年代去世了。结合语境可知，在九十年代用英语in nineties。所以答案为：nineties。
19．句意：两周前，我们学校运动会成功的举行了。held是动词，用副词来修饰。success的副词为successfully。故答案为successfully。
20．句意：请在采取行动之前仔细选择。careful是形容词，后面跟名词。choose的名词为choice。因此填：choice。
21．句意：别担心。我在英语学习方面取得了很大进步。根据汉语提示可知用progress。much后跟不可数名词，因此progress用原形。故填：progress。
五、完成句子
22．今天上午他拿错了伞。
He took away the umbrella ________ ________ this morning.
23．大部分少年都梦想着当英雄。
Most boys ________ ________ becoming heroes.
24．我非常仰慕影星孙俪。
I ________ ________ ________ the movie star Sun Li very much.
25．树木和草地能够阻止雨水冲刷泥土。
The trees and grass can ________ the rain ________ washing out the soil.
26．一年前，闪电把这棵大树劈成了两半。
The Lightning ________ this big tree ________ half a year ago.
【答案】
22． by mistake
23． dream of
24． look up to
25． stop from
26． divided in
【分析】
22．by mistake是一个固定短语，意思是错误地，无意地，在句中做状语。
23．dream of是固定短语，意思是梦想，向往，后面跟名词或者动名词形式。这句话讲的是经常性的动作，主语是Most boys，复数形式，因此谓语动词用原形。
24．look up to是固定短语，向上看，仰慕，崇拜，这句话的主语是I，使用的是一般现在时态，表示一个经常性、习惯性的动作，因此谓语动词用原形。
25．stop…from…是一个固定短语，意思是阻止…做某事，from是介词，后面跟名词或者动名词形式。空前有情态动词can，故stop用原形。
26．divide…into…把…分成…部分，是一个固定短语。根据句意和句中的时间状语a year ago可知，这句话说的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态，故动词divide变成过去式divided。
点睛：这个题型是完成句子，考查了学生几个固定短语的用法，如by mistake, dream of, look up to, stop…from, divide…into，首先学生应根据句意确定所填的短语，还需要注意使用正确的形式。如第5小题，根据句中的时间状语a year ago可以知道，应使用一般过去时态，动词应变成过去式。第2小题和第3小题都说的是经常性的动作，故都用一般现在时态，动词用原形。
六、材料作文
27． 假如你是李华，你发明的“蛇形机器人”在学校科技节中获奖，被推荐参加一个国际青少年科技展览。请用英文介绍你的发明，内容包括下图中1－4项：
1. 外观：长长的身体，像一条蛇。 2. 特点：移动迅速，使用太阳能。 3. 用途：可拍照，能对话，帮助人们探索月球。 4. 改进计划：(至少补充2点)
注意：
1.参考词汇：太阳能 solar energy，探索 explore，铁 iron;
2.词数：80词左右(短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；
3.不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
Ladies and gentlemen,
Good morning! It’s my great pleasure to be here to introduce my invention. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all about my invention. I hope you will like it.
【答案】例文：
Ladies and gentlemen,
Good morning! It’s my great pleasure to be here to introduce my invention. My invention is a robot snake. It is a special snake with a long body. The robot snake can move quickly because it is driven by solar energy. It can be used to take photos and people can talk with it. What’s more, it can help explore the moon. This is my robot snake, which is made by myself alone in my spare time. If it is used in our life, I will have two improvements. I will suggest the engineer use light irons of high quality to make the frame.
That’s all about my invention. I hope you will like it.
【详解】
1、题干解读：题目要求你根据所给提示，介绍你的发明，包括发明的外观、特点、用途和改进计划等，可适当发挥。
2、写作指导：本文应该以第三人称来叙述内容；时态采用一般现在时为主；介绍自己的发明时，应详细具体，语句通顺，逻辑性强，保证条理清晰。Unit6 SectionB
知识讲解
1. in the end 最后；最终
（1）at the end of...后接地点名词时，表示＂在……尽头＂；后接表示时间的名词时，表示＂在……结束时＂。
（2）by the end of...意为＂在……以前； 到……为止＂，常用于将来时态或过去完成时态的句子中。
2. Canadian adj. 加拿大的；加拿大的
Canada(加拿大) Canadian (加拿大人)
Australia (澳大利亚) Australian (澳大利亚人)
America (美国；美洲) American （美国人；美洲人）
3. divide...into把……分开
其被动结构为 be divided into，意为＂被分为……＂。
divide 及物动词，意为＂分开；分散＂，指把整体分成若干部分。
4. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
encourage sb. in sth. 意为＂在……方面助长某人的某种行为/鼓励某人＂。
5. at a low price 以低价
low形容词，意为＂低的＂。
6. translate /tr ns’le t/ v. 翻译
translate... into ...意为＂把……翻译成……＂，既可用于主动语态中，也可用于被动语态中。
专题练习
一、单项选择
1．—Why do you ________ Liu Hulan
—Because she is a great heroine.
A．look like B．look down on C．look over D．look up to
2．To encourage students to discuss in class, the teacher divided the class ________ several groups.
A．into B．with C．for D．by
3．We should ________ knowledge ________ practice.
A．connect, with B．divide, into C．translate, into D．deal, with
4．Micheal Jackson is called King of Pop, and people all over the world _______ him.
A．look straight at B．look up to C．look down upon
5．Many foreign students came to our school last week, including three________and five________.
A．Germen; Canadian B．Germans; Canadians
C．Germen; Canadians D．Germans; Canadian
二、完型填空
What do you need for an invention to be a success
To begin with, good timing is very 6 . You can have a good idea which the public doesn’t want yet. Take Giovanni Caselli as an example. He invented the first fax machine in the 1860s. Though the quality was excellent, his invention quickly 7 . The fax machine did not become a necessary piece of equipment in every office until the 1980s.
Money also helps. The Frenchman Denis Papin had the idea for a steam engine almost a hundred years before James Watt was born. Denis never had enough money to 8 one.
You also need to be patient. It took scientists nearly eighty years to invent a light bulb. 9 , you shouldn’t be too slow. In the 1870s, Elisha Gray developed plans for a telephone. Gray saw it only as “a beautiful toy”. When he finally sent details of his invention to the Patent Office (专利局) on February 14th, 1876, it was too 10 . Almost the same designs had arrived just two hours earlier. The young man who sent them was Alexander Graham Bell. He is remembered as the inventor of the telephone.
Of course what you really need is a wonderful idea. If you haven’t got one, a walk in the countryside and a careful look at 11 can help. The Swiss scientist, George de Mestral, had the idea for Velcro (粘扣) when he found his clothes covered in sticky seed pods after a walk in the countryside.
6．A．interesting B．important C．personal D．satisfying
7．A．died B．improved C．spread D．appeared
8．A．deliver B．repair C．use D．build
9．A．However B．Instead C．So far D．At last
10．A．modern B．difficult C．late D．old
11．A．society B．nature C．pictures D．advertisements
三、阅读单选
One of the main problems in cities is traffic congestion (堵塞). The main reason is that we are not expanding (扩展) our transportation systems fast enough to meet the ever-increasing demands (需求). One solution is to create a new type of transportation that doesn’t rely on (依赖) roads.
In the last century, planes and cars changed the way we lived. Cars have allowed us to move farther. Planes have cut travel time to faraway places. At the beginning of a new century, we may see the realization of a century-old dream---the mix of cars and planes---the flying cars. You might have heard news about flying cars before. The technology to make them safe and easy to fly may finally be here. With progress in lightweight material, computer models and no-man control, the dream is very close to becoming real.
Car maker Moller went public with the Skycar M400 in 2011. It is the first car that can take off and land straight. The four-seat-Skycar is powered by eight engines (引擎). The cost of the car is about $1million at first, but when it begins to be produced in large amounts, that price could come down to as low as $60,000.
The latest flying car CityHawk is said to be tested between 2021 and 2022. It is similar to the Skycar except for its power source. The important difference lies in the power fans that seem much quieter on the road. The CityHawk is as large as a middle-sized car. It could be used as an air taxi for news collection and traffic control.
The popularity of flying cars could be very exciting or very scary (令人害怕的), depending on how you see it. With proper rules, they could be the answer to our ever-heavier traffic pressure.
12．According to the first paragraph, the new type of transportation should be used to _______.
A．improve the speed of cars B．solve traffic congestion
C．increase people’s demands D．replace the present transportation system
13．The writer mentions two kinds of flying cars to ________.
A．show the importance of flying cars B．explain how flying cars work
C．encourage people to buy flying cars D．show flying cars are coming to us
14．What’s the difference between the Skycar and the CityHawk
A．The Skycar has fewer seats.
B．The Skycar is more expensive.
C．The CityHawk is much smaller.
D．The CityHawk makes less noise.
15．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
16．We can infer from the text that the writer feels ________ about the future of flying cars.
A．doubtful B．hopeful C．negative D．worried
四、用所给单词的正确形式填空
17．A true friend can help you get out of ________ (sad) when you’re unhappy.
18．Our great leader Deng Xiaoping passed away in his ________ (90).
19．Our school sports meeting was ________ (success) held two weeks ago.
20．Make careful ________ (choose) before taking action, please.
21．Don’t worry. I have made much ________ (进步) in learning English.
五、完成句子
22．今天上午他拿错了伞。
He took away the umbrella ________ ________ this morning.
23．大部分少年都梦想着当英雄。
Most boys ________ ________ becoming heroes.
24．我非常仰慕影星孙俪。
I ________ ________ ________ the movie star Sun Li very much.
25．树木和草地能够阻止雨水冲刷泥土。
The trees and grass can ________ the rain ________ washing out the soil.
26．一年前，闪电把这棵大树劈成了两半。
The Lightning ________ this big tree ________ half a year ago.
六、材料作文
27． 假如你是李华，你发明的“蛇形机器人”在学校科技节中获奖，被推荐参加一个国际青少年科技展览。请用英文介绍你的发明，内容包括下图中1－4项：
1. 外观：长长的身体，像一条蛇。 2. 特点：移动迅速，使用太阳能。 3. 用途：可拍照，能对话，帮助人们探索月球。 4. 改进计划：(至少补充2点)
注意：
1.参考词汇：太阳能 solar energy，探索 explore，铁 iron;
2.词数：80词左右(短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；
3.不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
Ladies and gentlemen,
Good morning! It’s my great pleasure to be here to introduce my invention. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all about my invention. I hope you will like it.Unit6 SectionA
知识讲解
1. invent v. 发明；创造
inventor n. 发明家 invention n. 发明
2. with prep. 有；带有；具有
with作介词，常见的用法还有：
（1）意为＂和……一起＂，表示伴随。
（2）意为＂用……＂，表示使用某种工具、手段等。
（3）意为＂关于；对于；对……来说＂，表示关系等。
3. Is it really such a great invention 它真的是如此了不起的一项发明吗？
(1)such＋a(an)＋adj.＋单数可数名词＋that从句。
(2)such＋adj.＋不可数名词＋that从句。
(3)such＋adj.＋名词复数＋that从句。
such (a/an) + adj. + n. 意为＂如此……的（一个）……＂。
4. It is said that...据说……；有人说……
It is believed that...＂人们认为……＂；
It is reported that... ＂据报道……＂；
It is known that... ＂总所周知……＂；
It is supposed that...＂据猜测……＂。
5. thousand 数词 千
（1）thousands of 表示概数，意为＂数以千计的；成千上万的＂，这时thousand后加—s，且后面有介词of，此时不能与数词连用。
（2）与thousand用法类似的词还有：hundred＂百＂；million＂百万＂；billion＂十亿＂。
专题练习
一、单项选择
1．I ________ like playing basketball. I play it every day after school.
A．easily B．nearly C．really D．well
2．The picture ________ in October, 1996.
A．was taking B．had been taken C．was taken D．had taken
3．—It is reported that the Shenzhou-13 spaceship ________ into space successfully on October 16th, 2021.
— How proud we Chinese are!
A．sent B．is sent C．was sent D．sends
4．Everyone is quite _______ to have a _______ trip.
A．pleased; pleasant B．pleasing; pleased
C．pleasure; please D．pleasant; pleased
5．They have bought more than 14,000 books since the library ________ last month.
A．built B．will built C．was built
二、完型填空
It has been more than two thousand years since we began to use an umbrella on rainy days. However, people often felt not convenient to hold an umbrella while working. Then the rubber raincoat was invented by an Englishman named Macintosh in 1823.
In 1492, Columbus, a well-known Italian voyager, 6 the New World—the American. He brought a lot of things to Europe from South America. Rubber was one of them, 7 people didn’t know its use at that time. In 1770, people found that the rubber could be used 8 erasers.
Macintosh was a worker in an eraser factory in Scotland. One day he spilled（洒出）some rubber liquid（液体）over his clothes 9 when making erasers. He was too busy to clean it and went back home wearing the 10 clothes. On the way home, it rained heavily. Having no umbrella, Macintosh had to run home quickly. When he got home, he 11 the wet clothes. To his surprise, the area of the 12 with rubber wasn’t wet. “Why not make a rubber raincoat ” Macintosh thought. The next day he brushed the rubber liquid all over a coat. He wore the “rubber coat” on 13 days and took a walk in the field to test if it 14 really keep off the rain. 15 , the clothes inside the “rubber coat” weren’t wet at all. The rubber raincoat was created in this way by chance.
The rubber raincoats soon appeared on the market. However, they were sticky in summer and hardened in winter. Year after year, people kept on improving the raincoats. Today raincoats are widely used in our daily lives.
6．A．invented B．created C．described D．discovered
7．A．and B．but C．or D．if
8．A．as B．to C．from D．by
9．A．slowly B．quickly C．carelessly D．carefully
10．A．new B．old C．clean D．dirty
11．A．took off B．put on C．look out D．put off
12．A．body B．clothes C．house D．liquid
13．A．cloudy B．windy C．snowy D．rainy
14．A．might B．should C．could D．must
15．A．Especially B．Suddenly C．Surprisingly D．Normally
三、阅读单选
What is the most important invention of all time Is it the written word that helps us to record information Is it the telephone that lets us talk to people from all over the world Is it the car that lets us travel at great speeds to meet others Umberto Eco, an Italian writer, thinks it is something quite different. He says the most important invention might be bright in front of your eyes. He is talking about a simple pair of glasses.
Modern eye glasses were invented around 1000 years ago. They were more than just a convenient way to read. Before glasses, writers, scientists or teachers who could not see properly had to memorize everything. After about ten years of poor eyesight, they could not remember well enough and could not work. Glasses meant that people could work in their old age.
People who wanted to remember some information could write it down and read it. Eye glasses are one of the world’s greatest inventions and were probably worn by the people who designed the first telephones and cars.
16．The invention of the written word is important because ____.
A．we need it to listen
B．we need it to record information
C．we just need it to read
17．The author thinks ____ is the greatest invention of all time in his passage.
A．the telephone B．the car C．a simple pair of glasses
18．From this passage, we can know ____.
A．modern eye glasses were invented 100 years ago
B．people who designed the first telephones and cars probably wore those glasses
C．the author of this article is an American
四、用所给单词的正确形式填空
19．His body ______(find )in his wooden house this morning .
20．A number of mail-in-ballots(邮寄选票) needed ________ (count) in several states during the US presidential election.
21．It is said that the little boy _____(kidnap) last Sunday
22．This book ________ (write) by Guo Jingming last month.
23．The students didn’t understand the sentence until it ________ (explain) again.
五、完成句子
24．这个气球掉入水里，留在了那里。
The balloon ______________ ______________ the water and remained there.
25．毫无疑问，中国是世界上最大的国家之一。
China is ________ ________ one of the largest countries around the world.
26．凯特把这些草莓分成了五份。(汉译英)
These strawberries ________ five parts by Kate.
27．我想知道这段优美的曲子使他想到什么。
I wondered what ____________________________________________ the beautiful music.
28．据说它是世界上最昂贵的房子。
______________ ______________ ______________ it is the most expensive house in the world.
