21世纪教育网 –全国领先的中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第二十讲 九年级上 Units 7-8
1.冒险；冒险经历 _______________
2.(长篇)小说 _______________
3.蛙；青蛙 _______________
4.祝贺；恭贺 _______________
5.同情 _______________
6.汽船；轮船 _______________
7.蒸汽动力；蒸汽 _______________
8.作家 _______________
9.有幽默感的_______________
10.栅栏；篱笆 _______________
11.任务；工作____________________
12.码(长度单位) ___________________
13.木板 ______________
14.查看；审视_____________
15.进展 _______________
16.休息时间 _______________
17.遗憾；可惜 _______________
18.沉默；缄默 _______________
19.一段时间；一会儿_______________
20.小心；谨慎 _______________
21.交易 _______________
22.涂料层；覆盖层 _______________
23.著名的；闻名的 _______________
24.铅 _______________
25.故事情节 _______________
26.懒惰的 _______________
27.假装；佯装_______________
28.礼物 _______________
29.毕业典礼 _______________
30.分；分币 _______________
31.计算(或清点)总数_______________
32.买得起 _______________
33.礼物 _______________
34.膝；膝盖 _______________
35.招牌；标牌 _______________
36.商品；货品 _______________
37.搜寻；查找 _______________
38.链子 _______________
39.账单 _______________
40.脚步声_______________
41.掏出_______________
42.一套；一组 _______________
43.发插;梳子_______________
44.控告;控诉 _______________
45.美洲 _______________
46.妻子 _______________
47.相册；影集 _______________
48.笔记；记录_______________
1. 休息一下 ______________
2. 想像到 ______________
3. 出现 ______________
4. 真可惜 ______________
5. 不停地做 ______________
6. 沉默地 ______________
7. 过了一会儿 ______________
8. 使翻转 _______________
9. 诱使某人做某事 _______________
10. 取笑某人 __________________
11. 警告某人（不）做某事 __________________________
12. 从……朝外看 ______________
13. 寻找；寻求 ______________
14. 终于；最终 ______________
15. 集中（目光、注意力等）于…… ______________
16. 递出 ______________
17. 被控告……；被指责…… _____________________
18. 用……名字；以……假名 _____________________
19. 引以为荣 ________________
20. 一套；一组 ______________
21. 上楼 ______________
22. 脱离危险 ______________
23. 就座 ______________
24. 翻译成…… ________________
考点1. silence n. 沉默；缄默
例句：Ben watched Tom in silence. 本默默地看着汤姆。(9A U7)
练习：我们默默地看着对方。
We looked at each other _____ ________.
知识点链接 例句
①in silence 沉默地 我们沉默地看完了这部电影。We watched the movie __ ________.
②silent adj. 沉默的 乔伊沉默了一会儿，然后开始作答。Joy _____ ______ for a moment, and then he began to answer.
考点2. careful adj. 小心的；谨慎的
例句：You must be careful. 你一定要小心。(9A U7)
练习：无论我们做什么，都必须要细心。
Whatever we do, we must _____ _______.
知识点链接 例句
①be careful with sb./sth. 当心；注意 凯蒂非常注意她的饮食，因为她想保持健康。Kitty _____ _______ _____ her diet because she wants to be healthy.
②be careful about sth. 当心；注意 乔治很注意自己的外表。George _____ ________ ______ his appearance.
③careless adj. 粗心的 怪我粗心忘了关门。It was ________ _____ me to leave the door open.
④care v./n.关心；照顾 Both of them need your care. 他们两个都需要你的_____。
⑤carefully adv.小心地；仔细地 We carefully watched each detail of his action.我们______观察了他行动的每一个细节。
定语从句
一、概况
1. 考点介绍：关系词的区别运用；关系词使用的特例；定语从句中的谓语动词的数。
2. 关系词的分类及其功能：
如：
I love singers who write their own songs.
我喜爱那些自己写歌的歌手。
(who作主语，表人，可用that代替，不可省略。)
He is the man (who) I met yesterday.
他是我昨天遇到的那位男士。
(who作宾语，表人，可用whom或that替换，均可省略。）
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.
我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很精彩。
(which作宾语，表物，可用that替换，均可省略;若作主语则不可省略。)
I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.
我认识那个女孩，她的妈妈是一位老师。(whose只能作定语，不可省略，在本句中指人；whose也可指物。)
This is the house where my parents used to live.
这是我父母曾经居住的房子。(where在此作地点状语，不可省略，相当于in which。)
This was the time when he arrived.
这就是他抵达的时间。(when在此作时间状语，不可省略，相当于at which。)
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他上学经常迟到的原因。(why在此作原因状语，不可省略，相当于for which。)
二、关系词只能用that的情况
1. 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that。如：
He was the first person that passed the exam.
他是第一个通过考试的人。
2. 当先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词时，只能用that。如：
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 你有什么东西要在商店里买吗？
3. 当先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that。如：
This is the same bike that I lost. 这就是我丢失的那辆自行车。
4. 当先行词里同时含有人和物时，只能用that。如：
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
5. 由who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。如：
Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？
6. 主句是there be 结构，先行词为物，修饰主语的定语从句的关系词只能用that。如：
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 书桌上有本属于汤姆的书。
注意：（1）在有些情况下，关系词只能用which而不宜用that，如：先行词为that；关系代词前有介词时，一般用which；引导非限制性定语从句只能用which。由于篇幅所限，在此不一一举例赘述。
（2）关系词在定语从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语动词的单复数形式要与先行词保持一致。如：
I prefer shoes that are cool. 我更喜欢那些样式酷的鞋子。（shoes为复数形式，故从句be动词用are。）
I have a friend who likes doing sports. 我有一个热爱运动的朋友。（a friend为单数形式，故从句谓语动词用likes。）
三、定语从句汇总
【典例】（2021深圳一模）
Theyregarditassomething ______hastobedonewhenamarriagehappens.
【答案】that
【解析】本题考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为something, 指物；且关系词在从句中充当主语, 故只能填that。
【典例】（2019广东广州）
Insects, mice, frogs, dogs and monkeys were some of the animals _______ first went into space.
A. whom B. what C. that D. whose
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为animals, 指物；且关系词在从句中充当主语, 故选C。 whom只能充当宾语，因此不能选。
【考点突破】
1. Yuan Longping is a great scientist was honored as “The Father of Hybrid Rice”.
A. when B. who C. which D. whose
2. I hate the dogs live in the next house. They make loud noises all night.
A. who B. that C. what D. whom
3. In difficult times, there are always national heroes step up and bring people hope.
A. whom B. which C. who D. what
4. The book cover has a beautiful picture is Lily's.
A. which B. whose C. that D. who
5. --- The school built for the stay-at-home children is very modern and beautiful, isn’t it
--- Yes, I still remember the classrooms and teachers I visited years ago.
A. who B. what C. that D. where
介词短语
语法 介词的用法
使用原则 介词是起“中介”作用的词，当某个词不能直接连接其他词时，就需要介词来帮忙，所以它的搭配能力特别强，是英语中最活跃的词之一。介词可以放在形容词、名词、动词后面，构成不同的搭配或短语。
形容词与介词的常用搭配 of: nice / kind / silly ... of sb.; afraid / tired ... of sb./ sth.
to: nice / kind / good / （im）polite / rude / （un）friendly / cruel ... to sb.
about: angry / sorry / crazy / certain / worried / excited ... about sth.
with: angry / strict ... with sb.; happy /pleased / satisfied / bored ... with sth.
at: good / bad / excellent ... at （doing） sth.
in: interested / successful ... in （doing） sth.
名词与介词的常用搭配 for: need / reason / responsibility / advertisement / trouble ... for ...
in: differences / course / difficulty ... in ...
of: cause / way / address / experience / member / method / idea ... of ...
on / about: information / advice / decision ... on / about ...
动词与介词的常用搭配 about: care / complain / talk / think / worry / learn ... about ...
after: look / take ... after ...
at: laugh / look / arrive ... at ...
for: apologize / stand / look / pay / wait / prepare ... for ...
in: believe / result / succeed ... in ...
【典例】（2021 深圳中考）
WhenIwenttomybeachhouse, Nicolehelped ____mymailandwatermyplants.
A. look for B. copy down C. pick up D. hold out
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语。A. look for寻找；B. copy down抄下来；C. pick up获得；D. hold out伸出；根据语境可知，当作者不在这个家的时候，邻居会帮忙收邮件。故选C。
【典例】（2021 深圳中考）
Ihelpedoutwhenherhusbandwassick, _______ herandgivinghersupport.
A. helping out B. staying with C. smiling at D. depending on
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语。A. helping out帮忙；B. staying with陪伴；C. smiling at朝...微笑；D. depending on依靠；根据"Ihelpedoutwhenherhusbandwassick"两人彼此帮助可知，此处选staying with符合题意。故选B。
【典例】（2021广州中考）
只有照顾好自己才能更好地帮助别人。
Onlywhenyou _______ _______ _______ yourselfcanyouhelpothersbetter.
【答案】take care of
【解析】根据题干，可知考查：take care of照顾，由句意可知时态是一般现在时，主语you接动词原形。故答案为take care of。
【考点突破】
1. My hometown, Kunming, is famous fresh flowers. No matter when you visit it, they will catch your eye.
A. as B. for C. of D. by
2. My mother often says, “Stand tall like the sunflower and be proud who you are.”
A. of B. with C.at D.in
3. Many wild animals are , and it’s time for us to do whatever we can to protect them.
A. on duty B. on show C.in order D.in danger
4. The talk between my teacher and me makes a big difference my life.
A. for B. with C. of D.to
5. We must do sports every day in order to prevent us getting ill easily.
A.at B. for C. with D. from
一、用适当的关系代 / 副词填空
1. Do you know the old man ______________ is standing under the tree
2. The school ______________ we visited yesterday was a good one.
3. She got a computer ______________ her parents bought for her.
4. Anne is the most beautiful girl ______________ I have ever met.
5. Is there anything ______________ I can do for you
6. We should do all ______________ is helpful to our studies.
7. Jack misses all the people and places ______________ he visited last winter in the UK.
8. The singer ______________ Lisa likes most is Jay Chou.
二、用适当的介词填空
1. You have to think ______________ every detail when doing an important thing.
2. The government has promised to make a decision ______________ this matter before next Monday.
3. My son told a lie to me, so I was angry ______________ him.
4. —Are you afraid ______________ your father —Yes. He is always strict with me.
5. What kind of sport are you interested ______________， football or basketball
6. The salesman is very rude ______________ the little girl.
7. The policemen tried to find out the cause ______________ this accident.
8. I need to search ______________ some information on my Maths problem.
9. Last night, we stayed ______________ home and looked after our little brother.
10. If you want to succeed ______________ finishing the hard work, you should have a great mind.
三、语法填空
A
My teacher is a beautiful young lady. We all like 1. _______ very much. In the very first class, she told us 2. _______ she just graduated from the university and asked us 3. ______________（treat） her like an elder sister. Yes, she does look like our sister 4. ___________ gives us a lot of fun. What we do in class is learning from her interesting storiesor 5. ___________（enjoy） funny games, turning the classroom into a playground. She also takes us outside 6. _______ helps us to learn about flowers and insects. Don’t think 7. _______ it is a waste of time! In fact, to compare 8. _______ boring letters
9. ____________________ were written on books, getting knowledge from games and outdoor activities is more attractive for us. She is a cool teacher and I hope 10. _______ she can teach us forever.
B
Larry is a junior high school student. Yesterday he had 1. __________ flu. He 2. ___________ （cough） day and night, and felt very weak and tired. His mother was very worried 3. ___________ him. So she took him to the hospital 4. _________ taxi. After they arrived 5. _____________ the hospital, the doctor looked him over. And the result showed there was nothing serious 6. ___________ Larry. He just had a fever. The doctor gave him some medicine and some advice. First, take the medicine three times a day 7. __________ meals. Second, drink 8. __________（much） water. Third, take enough rest. Fourth, do more exercise. “You may have your favourite food, 9. ___________you’d better eat different kinds of food. These food can provide you 10. ___________ the nutrients that your body needs,” the doctor said. Larry followed the doctor’s advice. He would get better soon.
四、单项选择
1. The students study very hard. They are now reading books ___________ silence.
A. on B. in C. at D. to
2. After ___________while, that man came to me and told me a phone number.
A. / B. an C. a D. the
3. The engineers went on ___________ the machine after a short break.
A. repairing B. to repairing C. repair D. repaired
4. I’m not foolish. You can never trick me into ___________ something useless.
A. buy B. bought C. to buy D. buying
5. When the building was on fire, the fire fighters used water to ___________.
A. pick it up B. put it out C. take it off D. turn it on
6. Smoking is harmful to your health. You’d better ___________.
A. set up it B. give up it C. set it up D. give it up
7. I’m going to start a club to help students ___________ are not interested in school work.
A. who B. whose C. whom D. which
8. Peter likes to listen to Kelly Clarkson’s music ___________ is very loud and full of energy.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
9. yesterday I bought my first book ___________ was written by Guo Jingming.
A. which B. that C. who D. what
10. Have you been to the Sunflower Garden ___________ lies in Nansha
A. where B. when C. who D. which
11. This man is proud __________ his strong body.
A. of B. with C. about D. by
12. Jason fixed his eyes __________ Peter’s new basketball shoes.
A. at B. on C. for D. in
13. __________ the name of God, I swear I love you.
A. Above B. Over C. Under D. Below
14. --- Are there enough chairs for the meeting
--- I’m afraid we need __________ 30 chairs.
A. other B. the other C. others D. another
15. The grandparents were __________ excited __________ say a word when they saw their new-born grandson.
A. so; that B. so; to C. too; to D. too; that
16. Drivers are not allowed __________ after drinking wine.
A. to drive B. driving C. drive D. drove
17. --- What are you __________, my dear
--- I want to find my keys.
A. looking at B. looking out C. looking for D. looking up
18. When Christine pulled off her mask, John was shocked __________ her beautiful face.
A. with B. at C. on D. for
19. Linda shows great interest __________ dancing.
A. about B. for C. on D. in
20. I can hardly hear what it is saying on the radio. Would you please __________
A. turn it down B. turn it up C. turn it on D. turn it off
五、根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。
1. I’m glad you have made such great p__________
2. We walked for an hour, then stopped and had a r__________.
3. Be serious, Jack! Don’t m_________ fun of me.
4. All the questions are easy e__________ the last one.
5. Mr Brown will be here soon. Do you mind waiting for a w__________
6. Happy birthday. Here’s a p__________ for you.
7. The s____________ on the wall says, “No Smoking!”
8. In the story The Gifts, Della sold her hair to buy the watch c_________.
9. I’ll treat you today, so let me pay the b_________？
10. He still kept up with his classmates after g_________.
六、根据所给的汉语内容,用英语完成下列句子。
1. 我们坐下来歇一会 儿吧。
Let’s sit down and______________ ___________ _______________.
2. 你常常想起你的父母吗
Do you often____________ ____________ your parents
3. 虽然天黑了,但他们还是继续走着。
Though it got dark, the__________ ___________ ___________.
4. --- 昨晚有一场精彩的足球赛,但是我错过了。
--- 真遗憾!
---There was a wonderful football match last night, but I missed it.
---___________ ____________ ___________!
5. 他拿起那本书,然后翻过来看了看它的书名。
He picked up the book and then_________ it __________ to look at its title.
6. 昨天他骗我借给了他一百美元。
He _________ me __________ _____________ him 100 dollars yesterday.
7. 他打开手电筒来寻找钥匙。
He turned on the torch to_____________ _____________ his keys.
8. 最后我们想出了一个计划,解决了这个问题。
__________ _________, we thought up a plan and solved the problem.
9. 他们静静地坐在那里,眼睛注视着那个湖。
They sat there in silence, with their eyes ____________ ___________ the lake.
10. 他被控告犯有贪污罪。
He was______________ ___________ him.
11. 他用鲁迅这个名字写了很多文章。
He wrote a lot of articles__________ ___________ ____________ ________ Lu Xun.
12. 他的父亲为他感到无比骄傲。
His father was very________ ___________ corruption.
重点单词
重点短语
语言考点梳理
语法精讲精练
目标导练
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中考一轮复习
牛津版（深圳广州）
第二十讲 九年级上Units 7--8
1.冒险；冒险经历 ____________
2.(长篇)小说 ____________
3.蛙；青蛙 ____________
4.祝贺；恭贺 _______________
5.同情 ____________
6.汽船；轮船 ____________
novel
frog
congratulations
sympathy
steamboat
adventure
重点单词
7.蒸汽动力；蒸汽 ____________
8.作家 ____________
9.有幽默感的 ____________
10.栅栏；篱笆 _______________
11.任务；工作____________________
12.码(长度单位) _____________________
13.木板 ______________
writer
humorous
steam
fence
task
yard
board
14.查看；审视_____________
15.进展 _____________
16.休息时间 _____________
17.遗憾；可惜 _____________
18.沉默；缄默 _____________
19.一段时间；一会儿_____________
20.小心；谨慎 _____________
survey
progress
rest
pity
silence
while
careful
21.交易 _____________
22.涂料层；覆盖层 _____________
23.著名的；闻名的 _____________
24.铅 _____________
25.故事情节 _____________
26.懒惰的 _____________
27.假装；佯装 _____________
deal
coat
celebrated
lead
plot
lazy
pretend
28.礼物 __________
29.毕业典礼 ____________
30.分；分币 __________
31.计算(或清点)总数 __________
32.买得起 __________
33.礼物 __________
34.膝；膝盖 __________
graduation
cent
count
afford
present
knee
gift
35.招牌；标牌 __________
36.商品；货品 __________
37.搜寻；查找 __________
38.链子 __________
39.账单 __________
40.脚步声 __________
41.掏出 __________
sign
goods
search
chain
bill
step
draw
42.一套；一组 __________
43.发插;梳子 __________
44.控告;控诉 __________
45.美洲 __________
46.妻子 __________
47.相册；影集 __________
48.笔记；记录 __________
set
comb
accuse
America
wife
album
note
1. 休息一下 ______________
2. 想像到 ______________
3. 出现 ______________
4. 真可惜 ______________
5. 不停地做 ______________
6. 沉默地 ______________
have a rest
think of
come along
what a pity
go on doing
in silence
重点短语
7. 过了一会儿 ______________
8. 使翻转 _______________
9. 诱使某人做某事 ____________________________
10. 取笑某人 ________________________________
11. 警告某人（不）做某事 __________________________
12. 从……朝外看 ______________
trick sb.into doing sth.
laugh at / make fun of sb.
warn sb.（not） to do sth.
look out of ...
after a while
turn sth.over
13. 寻找；寻求 ______________
14. 终于；最终 ______________
15. 集中（目光、注意力等）于…… ______________
16. 递出 ______________
17. 被控告……；被指责…… _____________________
18. 用……名字；以……假名 _____________________
look for
at last
fix ... on
hold out
（be） accused of ...
under the name （of）...
19. 引以为荣 ________________
20. 一套；一组 ______________
21. 上楼 ______________
22. 脱离危险 ______________
23. 就座 ______________
24. 翻译成…… ________________
go upstairs
out of danger
be seated
translate into ...
（be） proud of
a set of
考点1 silence n. 沉默；缄默
例句：Ben watched Tom in silence.
本默默地看着汤姆。(9A U7)
练习：我们默默地看着对方。
We looked at each other _____ ________.
in silence
语言考点梳理
知识点链接 例句
①in silence 沉默地 我们沉默地看完了这部电影。
We watched the movie __ ________.
②silent adj. 沉默的 乔伊沉默了一会儿，然后开始作答。
Joy _____ ______ for a moment, and then he began to answer.
in silence
was silent
考点2. careful adj. 小心的；谨慎的
例句：You must be careful.
你一定要小心。(9A U7)
练习：无论我们做什么，都必须要细心。
Whatever we do, we must _____ _______.
be careful
知识点链接 例句
①be careful with sb./sth. 当心；注意 凯蒂非常注意她的饮食，因为她想保持健康。
Kitty _____ _______ _____ her diet because she wants to be healthy.
②be careful about sth. 当心；注意 乔治很注意自己的外表。
George _____ ________ ______ his appearance.
is careful with
is careful about
知识点链接 例句
③careless adj. 粗心的 怪我粗心忘了关门。
It was ________ _____ me to leave the door open.
④care v./n. 关心；照顾 Both of them need your care.
他们两个都需要你的_____。
careless of
照顾
知识点链接 例句
⑤carefully adv. 小心地；仔细地 We carefully watched each detail of his action.
我们______观察了他行动的每一个细节。
仔细地
定语从句
一、概况
语法精讲精练
1. 考点介绍：关系词的区别运用；关系词使用的特例；定语从句中的谓语动词的数。
2. 关系词的分类及其功能：
如：
I love singers who write their own songs.
我喜爱那些自己写歌的歌手。
（who作主语，表人，可用that代替，不可省略。）
He is the man (who) I met yesterday.
他是我昨天遇到的那位男士。
（who作宾语，表人，可用whom或that替换，均可省略。）
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.
我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很精彩。
（which作宾语，表物，可用that替换，均可省略;若作主语则不可省略。）
I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.
我认识那个女孩，她的妈妈是一位老师。（whose只能作定语，不可省略，在本句中指人；whose也可指物。）
This is the house where my parents used to live.
这是我父母曾经居住的房子。（where在此作地点状语，不可省略，相当于in which。）
This was the time when he arrived.
这就是他抵达的时间。（when在此作时间状语，不可省略，相当于at which。）
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他上学经常迟到的原因。（why在此作原因状语，不可省略，相当于for which。）
二、关系词只能用that的情况
1. 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that。如：
He was the first person that passed the exam.
他是第一个通过考试的人。
2. 当先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词时，只能用that。如：
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 你有什么东西要在商店里买吗？
3. 当先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that。如：
This is the same bike that I lost.
这就是我丢失的那辆自行车。
4. 当先行词里同时含有人和物时，只能用that。如：
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
5. 由who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。如：
Who is the girl that is crying？
正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？
6. 主句是there be 结构，先行词为物，修饰主语的定语从句的关系词只能用that。如：
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.
书桌上有本属于汤姆的书。
注意：（1）在有些情况下，关系词只能用which而不宜用that，如：先行词为that；关系代词前有介词时，一般用which；引导非限制性定语从句只能用which。由于篇幅所限，在此不一一举例赘述。
（2）关系词在定语从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语动词的单复数形式要与先行词保持一致。如：
I prefer shoes that are cool. 我更喜欢那些样式酷的 鞋子。(shoes为复数形式，故从句be动词用are。)
I have a friend who likes doing sports. 我有一个热 爱运动的朋友。（a friend为单数形式，故从句谓语动词用likes。）
三、定语从句汇总
【典例】 (2021深圳一模)
They regard it as something __________
has to be done when a marriage happens.
1. 先行词为something,从句缺主语,判断为定语从句填关系代词；2. 先行词为something, 关系代词只能用that.
that
【典例】（2019 广州中考）
Insects, mice, frogs, dogs and monkeys were some of the animals _______ first went into space.
A. whom B. what C. that D. whose
C
先行词为animals,从句缺主语
1. Yuan Longping is a great scientist was honored as “The Father of Hybrid Rice”.
A. when B. who C. which D. whose
【解析】本题考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词scientist,从句中缺少主语,且先行词指人,所以关系词用who/that,故选B。
【考点突破】
B
2. I hate the dogs live in the next house. They make loud noises all night.
A. who B. that C. what D. whom
【解析】本题考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词dogs,关系代词用that或which,故选B项。
B
3. In difficult times, there are always national heroes ______
step up and bring people hope.
A. whom B. which
C. who D. what
【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系词。先行词national heroes指人,关系词在从句中作主语,所以用who。故选C。
C
4. The book cover has a beautiful picture is Lily’s.
A. which B. whose C. that D. who
【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是物时,关系词可用which,一般在从句中作主语或宾语;that可以指人,也可以指物,一般在从句中作主语或宾语;whose可以指人,也可以指物,在从句中作定语。本题中whose作cover的定语。故选B。
B
5. --- The school built for the stay-at-home children is very modern and beautiful, isn’t it
--- Yes, I still remember the classrooms and teachers I visited years ago.
A. who B. what C. that D. where
【解析】 本题考查定语从句。由于本题定语从句的先行词既有表示物的the classrooms,又有表示人的teachers,所以引导词应该用that, 故选C。
C
介词短语
语法 介词的用法
使用原则 介词是起“中介”作用的词，当某个词不能直接连接其他词
时，就需要介词来帮忙，所以它的搭配能力特别强，是英语
中最活跃的词之一。介词可以放在形容词、名词、动词后
面，构成不同的搭配或短语。
形容词与 介词的常 用搭配 of: nice / kind / silly ... of sb.; afraid / tired ... of sb./ sth.
to: nice / kind / good / （im）polite / rude
/ （un）friendly / cruel ... to sb.
about: angry / sorry / crazy / certain /
worried / excited ... about sth.
with: angry / strict ... with sb.; happy /pleased / satisfied / bored ... with sth.
at: good / bad / excellent ... at （doing） sth.
in: interested / successful ... in （doing） sth.
语法 介词的用法
名词与介 词的常用 搭配 for: need / reason / responsibility / advertisement / trouble ... for ...
in: differences / course / difficulty ... in ...
of: cause / way / address / experience / member / method / idea ... of ...
on / about: information / advice / decision ... on / about ...
动词与介 词的常用搭配 about: care / complain / talk / think / worry / learn ... about ...
after: look / take ... after ...
at: laugh / look / arrive ... at ...
for: apologize / stand / look / pay / wait / prepare ... for ...
in: believe / result / succeed ... in ...
【典例】（2021 深圳中考）
When I went to my beach house, Nicole helped ____my mail and water my plants.
A. look for B. copy down
C. pick up D. hold out
C
抄写
捡起
寻找
伸出
根据语境可知，当作者不在这个家的时候，邻居会帮忙收邮件。
【典例】（2021 深圳中考）
I helped out when her husband was sick, _______
her and giving her support.
A. helping out B. staying with
C. smiling at D. depending on
B
抄写
对…微笑
帮忙
依靠
根据语境可知，当作者给予她帮助，陪着她并支持她。
【典例】（2021 广州中考）
只有照顾好自己才能更好地帮助别人。
Only when you _______ _______ _______ yourself
can you help others better.
take care of
【考点突破】
1. My hometown, Kunming, is famous fresh flowers. No matter when you visit it, they will catch your eye.
A. as B. for C. of D. by
【解析】句意：我的家乡昆明因鲜花而著名。无论你什么时候参观，它们都会引起你的注意。本题考查介词的用法。be famous for 因……著名，是固定词组。
B
2. My mother often says,“Stand tall like the sunflower and be proud who you are.”
A.of B.with C.at D.in
【解析】本题考查介词的用法。be proud of是固定短语，意为“为……感到骄傲”。结合语境及关键词Stand tall和who you are可知，此处表示“为自己感到骄傲”。
A
3. Many wild animals are , and it’s time for us to do whatever we can to protect them.
A.on duty B.on show
C.in order D.in danger
【解析】本题考查介词短语。on duty值班；on show展览；in order准备好；in danger处于危险之中。根据句意可知答案为D项。
D
4. The talk between my teacher and me makes a big difference my life.
A.for B.with C.of D.to
【解析】本题考查介词。固定短语 make a difference to sb./sth.对某人或某事有影响。故选D。句意：我和老师之间的谈话对我的生活有很大的影响。
D
5. We must do sports every day in order to prevent
us getting ill easily.
A.at B.for C.with D.from
【解析】本题考查介词的用法。prevent sb. from doing sth. 防止某人做某事，固定短语。故答案为D。句意：为了防止我们轻易患病，我们必须每天做运动。
D
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第二十讲 九年级上 Units 7-8
1.冒险；冒险经历 adventure
2.(长篇)小说 novel
3.蛙；青蛙 frog
4.祝贺；恭贺 congratulations
5.同情 sympathy
6.汽船；轮船 steamboat
7.蒸汽动力；蒸汽 steam
8.作家 writer
9.有幽默感的 humorous
10.栅栏；篱笆 fence
11.任务；工作 task
12.码(长度单位) yard
13.木板 board
14.查看；审视 survey
15.进展 progress
16.休息时间 rest
17.遗憾；可惜 pity
18.沉默；缄默 silence
19.一段时间；一会儿 while
20.小心；谨慎 careful
21.交易 deal
22.涂料层；覆盖层 coat
23.著名的；闻名的 celebrated
24.铅 lead
25.故事情节 plot
26.懒惰的 lazy
27.假装；佯装 pretend
28.礼物 gift
29.毕业典礼 graduation
30.分；分币 cent
31.计算(或清点)总数 count
32.买得起 afford
33.礼物 present
34.膝；膝盖 knee
35.招牌；标牌 sign
36.商品；货品 goods
37.搜寻；查找 search
38.链子 chain
39.账单 bill
40.脚步声 step
41.掏出 draw
42.一套；一组 set
43.发插;梳子 comb
44.控告;控诉 accuse
45.美洲 America
46.妻子 wife
47.相册；影集 album
48.笔记；记录 note
1. 休息一下 have a rest
2. 想像到 think of
3. 出现 come along
4. 真可惜 what a pity
5. 不停地做 go on doing
6. 沉默地 in silence
7. 过了一会儿 after a while
8. 使翻转turn sth. over
9. 诱使某人做某事 trick sb. into doing sth.
10. 取笑某人 laugh at/make fun of
11. 警告某人（不）做某事 warn sb. (not) to do sth.
12. 从……朝外看 look out of
13. 寻找；寻求 look for
14. 终于；最终 at last
15. 集中（目光、注意力等）于… fix…on
16. 递出 hold out
17. 被控告……；被指责…… be accused of…
18. 用……名字；以……假名 under the name of…
19. 引以为荣 be proud of
20. 一套；一组 a set of
21. 上楼 go upstairs
22. 脱离危险 out of danger
23. 就座 be seated
24. 翻译成…… translate into…
考点1. silence n. 沉默；缄默
例句：Ben watched Tom in silence. 本默默地看着汤姆。(9A U7)
练习：我们默默地看着对方。
We looked at each other in silence.
知识点链接 例句
①in silence 沉默地 我们沉默地看完了这部电影。We watched the movie in silence.
②silent adj. 沉默的 乔伊沉默了一会儿，然后开始作答。Joy was silent for a moment, and then he began to answer.
考点2. careful adj. 小心的；谨慎的
例句：You must be careful. 你一定要小心。(9A U7)
练习：无论我们做什么，都必须要细心。
Whatever we do, we must be careful.
知识点链接 例句
①be careful with sb./sth. 当心；注意 凯蒂非常注意她的饮食，因为她想保持健康。Kitty is careful with her diet because she wants to be healthy.
②be careful about sth. 当心；注意 乔治很注意自己的外表。George is careful about his appearance.
③careless adj. 粗心的 怪我粗心忘了关门。It was careless of me to leave the door open.
④care v./n.关心；照顾 Both of them need your care. 他们两个都需要你的照顾。
⑤carefully adv.小心地；仔细地 We carefully watched each detail of his action.我们仔细地观察了他行动的每一个细节。
定语从句
一、概况
1. 考点介绍：关系词的区别运用；关系词使用的特例；定语从句中的谓语动词的数。
2. 关系词的分类及其功能：
如：
I love singers who write their own songs.
我喜爱那些自己写歌的歌手。
(who作主语，表人，可用that代替，不可省略。)
He is the man (who) I met yesterday.
他是我昨天遇到的那位男士。
(who作宾语，表人，可用whom或that替换，均可省略。）
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.
我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很精彩。
(which作宾语，表物，可用that替换，均可省略;若作主语则不可省略。)
I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.
我认识那个女孩，她的妈妈是一位老师。(whose只能作定语，不可省略，在本句中指人；whose也可指物。)
This is the house where my parents used to live.
这是我父母曾经居住的房子。(where在此作地点状语，不可省略，相当于in which。)
This was the time when he arrived.
这就是他抵达的时间。(when在此作时间状语，不可省略，相当于at which。)
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他上学经常迟到的原因。(why在此作原因状语，不可省略，相当于for which。)
二、关系词只能用that的情况
1. 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that。如：
He was the first person that passed the exam.
他是第一个通过考试的人。
2. 当先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词时，只能用that。如：
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 你有什么东西要在商店里买吗？
3. 当先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that。如：
This is the same bike that I lost. 这就是我丢失的那辆自行车。
4. 当先行词里同时含有人和物时，只能用that。如：
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
5. 由who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。如：
Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？
6. 主句是there be 结构，先行词为物，修饰主语的定语从句的关系词只能用that。如：
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 书桌上有本属于汤姆的书。
注意：（1）在有些情况下，关系词只能用which而不宜用that，如：先行词为that；关系代词前有介词时，一般用which；引导非限制性定语从句只能用which。由于篇幅所限，在此不一一举例赘述。
（2）关系词在定语从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语动词的单复数形式要与先行词保持一致。如：
I prefer shoes that are cool. 我更喜欢那些样式酷的鞋子。（shoes为复数形式，故从句be动词用are。）
I have a friend who likes doing sports. 我有一个热爱运动的朋友。（a friend为单数形式，故从句谓语动词用likes。）
三、定语从句汇总
【典例】（2021深圳一模）
Theyregarditassomething ______hastobedonewhenamarriagehappens.
【答案】that
【解析】本题考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为something, 指物；且关系词在从句中充当主语, 故只能填that。
【典例】（2019广州中考）
Insects, mice, frogs, dogs and monkeys were some of the animals _______ first went into space.
A. whom B. what C. that D. whose
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为animals, 指物；且关系词在从句中充当主语, 故选C。 whom只能充当宾语，因此不能选。
【考点突破】
1. The movie I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth.
A. who B. which C. where D. when
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查定语从句。在本题的定语从句中,先行词是The movie, 指物,在从句中充当宾语,关系代词用which/that,故选择B。
2. I hate the dogs live in the next house. They make loud noises all night.
A. who B. that C. what D. whom
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词dogs,关系代词用that或which,故选B项。
3. In difficult times, there are always national heroes step up and bring people hope.
A. whom B. which C. who D. what
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系词。先行词national heroes指人,关系词在从句中作主语,所以用who。故选C。
4. The book cover has a beautiful picture is Lily's.
A. which B. whose C. that D. who
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是物时,关系词可用which,一般在从句中作主语或宾语;that可以指人,也可以指物,一般在从句中作主语或宾语;whose可以指人,也可以指物,在从句中作定语。本题中whose作cover的定语。故选B。
5. --- The school built for the stay-at-home children is very modern and beautiful, isn’t it
--- Yes, I still remember the classrooms and teachers I visited years ago.
A. who B. what C. that D. where
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查定语从句。由于本题定语从句的先行词既有表示物的the classrooms,又有表示人的teachers,所以引导词应该用that, 故选C。
介词短语
语法 介词的用法
使用原则 介词是起“中介”作用的词，当某个词不能直接连接其他词时，就需要介词来帮忙，所以它的搭配能力特别强，是英语中最活跃的词之一。介词可以放在形容词、名词、动词后面，构成不同的搭配或短语。
形容词与介词的常用搭配 of: nice / kind / silly ... of sb.; afraid / tired ... of sb./ sth.
to: nice / kind / good / （im）polite / rude / （un）friendly / cruel ... to sb.
about: angry / sorry / crazy / certain / worried / excited ... about sth.
with: angry / strict ... with sb.; happy /pleased / satisfied / bored ... with sth.
at: good / bad / excellent ... at （doing） sth.
in: interested / successful ... in （doing） sth.
名词与介词的常用搭配 for: need / reason / responsibility / advertisement / trouble ... for ...
in: differences / course / difficulty ... in ...
of: cause / way / address / experience / member / method / idea ... of ...
on / about: information / advice / decision ... on / about ...
动词与介词的常用搭配 about: care / complain / talk / think / worry / learn ... about ...
after: look / take ... after ...
at: laugh / look / arrive ... at ...
for: apologize / stand / look / pay / wait / prepare ... for ...
in: believe / result / succeed ... in ...
【典例】（2021 深圳中考）
WhenIwenttomybeachhouse, Nicolehelped ____mymailandwatermyplants.
A. look for B. copy down C. pick up D. hold out
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语。A. look for寻找；B. copy down抄下来；C. pick up获得；D. hold out伸出；根据语境可知，当作者不在这个家的时候，邻居会帮忙收邮件。故选C。
【典例】（2021 深圳中考）
Ihelpedoutwhenherhusbandwassick, _______ herandgivinghersupport.
A. helping out B. staying with C. smiling at D. depending on
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语。A. helping out帮忙；B. staying with陪伴；C. smiling at朝...微笑；D. depending on依靠；根据"Ihelpedoutwhenherhusbandwassick"两人彼此帮助可知，此处选staying with符合题意。故选B。
【典例】（2021广州中考）
只有照顾好自己才能更好地帮助别人。
Onlywhenyou _______ _______ _______ yourselfcanyouhelpothersbetter.
【答案】take care of
【解析】根据题干，可知考查：take care of照顾，由句意可知时态是一般现在时，主语you接动词原形。故答案为take care of。
【考点突破】
1. My hometown, Kunming, is famous fresh flowers. No matter when you visit it, they will catch your eye.
A. as B. for C. of D. by
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我的家乡昆明因鲜花而著名。无论你什么时候参观，它们都会引起你的注意。本题考查介词的用法。be famous for 因……著名，是固定词组。
2. My mother often says, “Stand tall like the sunflower and be proud who you are.”
A. of B. with C.at D.in
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查介词的用法。be proud of是固定短语，意为“为……感到骄傲”。结合语境及关键词Stand tall和who you are可知，此处表示“为自己感到骄傲”。
3. Many wild animals are , and it’s time for us to do whatever we can to protect them.
A. on duty B. on show C.in order D.in danger
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查介词短语。on duty值班；on show展览；in order准备好；in danger处于危险之中。根据句意可知答案为D项。
4. The talk between my teacher and me makes a big difference my life.
A. for B. with C. of D.to
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查介词。固定短语 make a difference to sb./sth.对某人或某事有影响。故选D。句意：我和老师之间的谈话对我的生活有很大的影响。
5. We must do sports every day in order to prevent us getting ill easily.
A.at B. for C. with D. from
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查介词的用法。prevent sb. from doing sth. 防止某人做某事，固定短语。故答案为D。句意：为了防止我们轻易患病，我们必须每天做运动。
一、用适当的关系代 / 副词填空
1. Do you know the old man ______________ is standing under the tree
2. The school ______________ we visited yesterday was a good one.
3. She got a computer ______________ her parents bought for her.
4. Anne is the most beautiful girl ______________ I have ever met.
5. Is there anything ______________ I can do for you
6. We should do all ______________ is helpful to our studies.
7. Jack misses all the people and places ______________ he visited last winter in the UK.
8. The singer ______________ Lisa likes most is Jay Chou.
二、用适当的介词填空
1. You have to think ______________ every detail when doing an important thing.
2. The government has promised to make a decision ______________ this matter before next Monday.
3. My son told a lie to me, so I was angry ______________ him.
4. —Are you afraid ______________ your father —Yes. He is always strict with me.
5. What kind of sport are you interested ______________， football or basketball
6. The salesman is very rude ______________ the little girl.
7. The policemen tried to find out the cause ______________ this accident.
8. I need to search ______________ some information on my Maths problem.
9. Last night, we stayed ______________ home and looked after our little brother.
10. If you want to succeed ______________ finishing the hard work, you should have a great mind.
三、语法填空
A
My teacher is a beautiful young lady. We all like 1. _______ very much. In the very first class, she told us 2. _______ she just graduated from the university and asked us 3. ______________（treat） her like an elder sister. Yes, she does look like our sister 4. ___________ gives us a lot of fun. What we do in class is learning from her interesting storiesor 5. ___________（enjoy） funny games, turning the classroom into a playground. She also takes us outside 6. _______ helps us to learn about flowers and insects. Don’t think 7. _______ it is a waste of time! In fact, to compare 8. _______ boring letters
9. ____________________ were written on books, getting knowledge from games and outdoor activities is more attractive for us. She is a cool teacher and I hope 10. _______ she can teach us forever.
B
Larry is a junior high school student. Yesterday he had 1. __________ flu. He 2. ___________ （cough） day and night, and felt very weak and tired. His mother was very worried 3. ___________ him. So she took him to the hospital 4. _________ taxi. After they arrived 5. _____________ the hospital, the doctor looked him over. And the result showed there was nothing serious 6. ___________ Larry. He just had a fever. The doctor gave him some medicine and some advice. First, take the medicine three times a day 7. __________ meals. Second, drink 8. __________（much） water. Third, take enough rest. Fourth, do more exercise. “You may have your favourite food, 9. ___________you’d better eat different kinds of food. These food can provide you 10. ___________ the nutrients that your body needs,” the doctor said. Larry followed the doctor’s advice. He would get better soon.
四、单项选择
1. The students study very hard. They are now reading books ___________ silence.
A. on B. in C. at D. to
2. After ___________while, that man came to me and told me a phone number.
A. / B. an C. a D. the
3. The engineers went on ___________ the machine after a short break.
A. repairing B. to repairing C. repair D. repaired
4. I’m not foolish. You can never trick me into ___________ something useless.
A. buy B. bought C. to buy D. buying
5. When the building was on fire, the fire fighters used water to ___________.
A. pick it up B. put it out C. take it off D. turn it on
6. Smoking is harmful to your health. You’d better ___________.
A. set up it B. give up it C. set it up D. give it up
7. I’m going to start a club to help students ___________ are not interested in school work.
A. who B. whose C. whom D. which
8. Peter likes to listen to Kelly Clarkson’s music ___________ is very loud and full of energy.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
9. yesterday I bought my first book ___________ was written by Guo Jingming.
A. which B. that C. who D. what
10. Have you been to the Sunflower Garden ___________ lies in Nansha
A. where B. when C. who D. which
11. This man is proud __________ his strong body.
A. of B. with C. about D. by
12. Jason fixed his eyes __________ Peter’s new basketball shoes.
A. at B. on C. for D. in
13. __________ the name of God, I swear I love you.
A. Above B. Over C. Under D. Below
14. --- Are there enough chairs for the meeting
--- I’m afraid we need __________ 30 chairs.
A. other B. the other C. others D. another
15. The grandparents were __________ excited __________ say a word when they saw their new-born grandson.
A. so; that B. so; to C. too; to D. too; that
16. Drivers are not allowed __________ after drinking wine.
A. to drive B. driving C. drive D. drove
17. --- What are you __________, my dear
--- I want to find my keys.
A. looking at B. looking out C. looking for D. looking up
18. When Christine pulled off her mask, John was shocked __________ her beautiful face.
A. with B. at C. on D. for
19. Linda shows great interest __________ dancing.
A. about B. for C. on D. in
20. I can hardly hear what it is saying on the radio. Would you please __________
A. turn it down B. turn it up C. turn it on D. turn it off
五、根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。
1. I’m glad you have made such great p__________
2. We walked for an hour, then stopped and had a r__________.
3. Be serious, Jack! Don’t m_________ fun of me.
4. All the questions are easy e__________ the last one.
5. Mr Brown will be here soon. Do you mind waiting for a w__________
6. Happy birthday. Here’s a p__________ for you.
7. The s____________ on the wall says, “No Smoking!”
8. In the story The Gifts, Della sold her hair to buy the watch c_________.
9. I’ll treat you today, so let me pay the b_________？
10. He still kept up with his classmates after g_________.
六、根据所给的汉语内容,用英语完成下列句子。
1. 我们坐下来歇一会 儿吧。
Let’s sit down and______________ ___________ _______________.
2. 你常常想起你的父母吗
Do you often____________ ____________ your parents
3. 虽然天黑了,但他们还是继续走着。
Though it got dark, the__________ ___________ ___________.
4. --- 昨晚有一场精彩的足球赛,但是我错过了。
--- 真遗憾!
---There was a wonderful football match last night, but I missed it.
---___________ ____________ ___________!
5. 他拿起那本书,然后翻过来看了看它的书名。
He picked up the book and then_________ it __________ to look at its title.
6. 昨天他骗我借给了他一百美元。
He _________ me __________ _____________ him 100 dollars yesterday.
7. 他打开手电筒来寻找钥匙。
He turned on the torch to_____________ _____________ his keys.
8. 最后我们想出了一个计划,解决了这个问题。
__________ _________, we thought up a plan and solved the problem.
9. 他们静静地坐在那里,眼睛注视着那个湖。
They sat there in silence, with their eyes ____________ ___________ the lake.
10. 他被控告犯有贪污罪。
He was______________ ___________ him.
11. 他用鲁迅这个名字写了很多文章。
He wrote a lot of articles__________ ___________ ____________ ________ Lu Xun.
12. 他的父亲为他感到无比骄傲。
His father was very________ ___________ corruption.
【答案】
一、
1. who/that
2. which/that
3. which/that
4. that
5. that
6. that
7. that
8. who/that
二、
1. about
2. on
3. with
4. of
5. in
6. to
7. of
8. for
9. at
10. in
三、
A
1. her
2. that
3. to treat
4. who/that
5. enjoying
6. and
7. that
8. with
9. which/that
10. that
B
1. a
2. coughed
3. about
4. by
5. at
6. with
7. after
8. more
9. but
10. with
四、1-5 BCADB 6-10 DACBD 11-15 ABCDC 16-20 ACBDB
五、
1. progress
2. rest
3. make
4. except
5. while
6. present
7. sign
8. chain
9. bill
10. graduation
六、
1. have a rest
2. think of
3. went/ kept on walking
4. What a pity
5. turned, over
6. tricked, into lending
7. look for
8. At last
9. fixed on
10. accused of
11. under the name of
12. proud of
重点单词
重点短语
语言考点梳理
语法精讲精练
目标导练
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