2022年中考英语语法 现在分词和过去分词与中心词的关系讲解及练习课件 (共有PPT18张）
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| 名称 | 2022年中考英语语法 现在分词和过去分词与中心词的关系讲解及练习课件 (共有PPT18张） |
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| 格式 | ppt | ||
| 文件大小 | 531.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2021-12-26 00:00:00 | ||
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(共18张PPT)
现在分词和过去分词与中心词的关系
讲解及练习
现在分词（短语）和过去分词(短语)
1. Murder in a Country House is a horror film __________ (direct) by Cindy Clark, a new director.
2. Dressed up as Father Christmas and __________ (accompany) by a guard of honour of six pretty girls, he set off down the main street of the city _________ (ride) a baby elephant ______ (call) Jumbo.
directed
accompanied
riding
called
在英语的时态中，现在分词用于进行时，过去分词用于完成时和被动语态。
作为非谓语动词，分词可以用作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。
分词可以有自己的宾语或状语，分词+自身的宾语或状语=分词短语
1. Murder in a Country House is a horror film __________ (direct) by Cindy Clark, a new director.
2. Dressed up as Father Christmas and __________ (accompany) by a guard of honour of six pretty girls, he set off down the main street of the city _________ (ride) a baby elephant ______ (call) Jumbo.
directed
accompanied
riding
called
分词或分词短语在句子担当的成分
及位置
1、分词用作定语时，单个分词放在被修饰的名词前；分词短语放在被修饰的名词后。
China is a developing country belonging to the Third World.
中国是一个属于第三世界的发展中国家。
The man speaking at the meeting is our headmaster.
正在会议上讲话的人是我们的校长。
Most of people invited to the party didn’t come.
大部分受邀参加晚会的人没来。
2、用作状语时，分词短语多放在句首，有时也可以放在句尾。
Looking out of the window, he saw a dog running after a mouse.
往窗外看时，他看到一只狗追一只老鼠。
Inspired by what the teacher said, he studied even harder.
受到了老师说的鼓励，他学习更加刻苦了。
3、用作宾语补足语时，分词短语放在宾语后。
I had my car repaired this morning.
今天早上我找人修我的车了。
I will have my hair cut this afternoon.
今天下午我去理发。
When he woke up, he found some strangers surrounding him.
他醒来后发现一些陌生人围着他。
When he woke up, he found himself surrounded by some strangers.
他醒来后发现自己被一些陌生人围着。
分词（短语）与中心词
1、分词或分词短语用作定语时，中心词是被修饰的名词。
2、分词或分词短语用作状语时，中心词是句子的主语。
3、分词或分词短语用作宾语补足语时，中心词是宾语。
找出下列句子中分词或分词短语的中心词
1、China is a developing country belonging to the Third World.
developing是现在分词作前置定语，中心词是country。
belonging to the Third World是现在分词短语用作后置定语，中心词是country。
2、The man speaking at the meeting is our headmaster.
speaking at the meeting是现在分词短语用作后置定语，中心词是man。
3、Most of people invited to the party didn’t come.
invited to the party是过去分词短语用作后置定语，中心词是people。
找出下列句子中分词或分词短语的中心词
4、Looking out of the window, he saw a dog running after a mouse.
looking out of the window是现在分词短语作状语，中心词是句子的主语he。
running after a mouse现在分词短语作宾语补足语，中心词是 宾语a dog.
5、Inspired by what the teacher said, he studied even harder.
inspired by what the teacher said是过去分词短语作状语，中心词是主语he。
找出下列句子中分词或分词短语的中心词
6、I had my car repaired this morning.
repaired是过去分词作宾语补足语，中心词是宾语car。
7、I will have my hair cut this afternoon.
cut是过去分词作宾语补足语，中心词是宾语hair。
8、When he woke up, he found some strangers surrounding him.
surrounding him是现在分词短语作宾语补足语，中心词是宾语strangers。
9、When he woke up, he found himself surrounded by some strangers.
surrounded by some strangers是过去分词短语作宾语补足语，中心词是宾语himself。
分词或分词短语与中心词的关系
1、一般来说，现在分词用作定语时，与中心词，也就是被修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系，有时表示正在进行的动作；
用作定语时，及物动词变成的过去分词，与被修饰的名词有被动关系；不及物动词变成的过去分词有已经完成的意思。
The bridge ______(build) two hundred years ago is still in use.
两百年前修建的那座桥任然在使用。
The workers ________ (build) this bridge are all the young men of your age.
修建这座桥的工人都是你这个年龄的年轻人。
He likes to drink cold ________ (boil) water.
他喜欢和凉开水。
built
building
boiled
分词或分词短语与中心词的关系
2、现在分词用作状语时，与中心词，也就是句子的主语有逻辑上的主谓关系；过去分词用作状语时，与句子的主语有被动关系。
______(open) the drawer he took out a dictionary.
他打开抽屉，拿出一本词典。
________ (see) from the top of the TV tower, the city looks more beautiful.
从电视台顶上看，这个城市看起来更美丽。
_________(compare) with the old one, the new
house looks brighter 和旧房子相比，新房子看起来更明亮。
Seen
Compared
Opening
分词或分词短语与中心词的关系
3、现在分词用作宾语补足语时，与中心词，也就是句子的宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系；过去分词用作宾语补足语时，与句子的宾语有被动关系。
1)He once heard the song _________ (sing) in German.
2)On his way to school, he found a mobile phone _________ (lie) on the ground.
3)Please keep us _________(inform) of the latest development.
4)You’d better have your article ________ (check) 5) When I entered the clinic, I saw a patient _____ (examine) by the doctor.
sung
lying
informed
checked
examined
现在分词和过去分词练习
一、找出下列句子中分词或分词短语，说出其与中心词的关系
1、China is a developing country belonging to the Third World.
2、The man speaking at the meeting is our headmaster.
3、Most of the people invited to the party didn’t come.
4、Looking out of the window, he saw a dog running after a mouse.
5、Inspired by what the teacher said, he studied even harder.
中心词country, 主动关系
中心词country, 主动关系
中心词man, 主动关系
中心词people, 被动关系
中心词he, 主动关系
中心词dog, 主动关系
中心词he, 被动关系
6、I had my car repaired this morning.
7、I will have my hair cut this afternoon.
8、When he woke up, he found some strangers surrounding him.
9、When he woke up, he found himself surrounded by some strangers.
中心词car, 被动关系
中心词hair, 被动关系
中心词strangers, 主动关系
中心词himself, 被动
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Have you heard the song (sing) by this famous singer
2. Do you know the singer _________(sing) this song now
3. (sing) by a young famous singer, this song is popular with young people.
4. (sing) this song, the young people were very excited.
5.They are listening to this famous singer
(sing) this song.
6. ____________ (wear) a new red dress, she entered the classroom.
sung
singing
Sung
Singing
singing
Wearing
1. Murder in a Country House is a horror film _______ (direct) by Cindy Clark, a new director.
《乡宅凶杀案》是一部由导演Cindy Clark执导的恐怖片。
directed by …是过去分词短语，用作定语，修饰前面的film。
2. Dressed up as Father Christmas and ________________ (accompany) by a guard of honour of six pretty girls, he set off down the main street of the city _________ (ride) a baby elephant ______ (call) Jumbo.
他打扮成圣诞老人，在由6个漂亮姑娘组成的“仪仗队”的陪同下，骑上一头名叫江伯的小象，沿着城里的主要街道出发了。
accompanied
riding
directed
called
现在分词和过去分词与中心词的关系
讲解及练习
现在分词（短语）和过去分词(短语)
1. Murder in a Country House is a horror film __________ (direct) by Cindy Clark, a new director.
2. Dressed up as Father Christmas and __________ (accompany) by a guard of honour of six pretty girls, he set off down the main street of the city _________ (ride) a baby elephant ______ (call) Jumbo.
directed
accompanied
riding
called
在英语的时态中，现在分词用于进行时，过去分词用于完成时和被动语态。
作为非谓语动词，分词可以用作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。
分词可以有自己的宾语或状语，分词+自身的宾语或状语=分词短语
1. Murder in a Country House is a horror film __________ (direct) by Cindy Clark, a new director.
2. Dressed up as Father Christmas and __________ (accompany) by a guard of honour of six pretty girls, he set off down the main street of the city _________ (ride) a baby elephant ______ (call) Jumbo.
directed
accompanied
riding
called
分词或分词短语在句子担当的成分
及位置
1、分词用作定语时，单个分词放在被修饰的名词前；分词短语放在被修饰的名词后。
China is a developing country belonging to the Third World.
中国是一个属于第三世界的发展中国家。
The man speaking at the meeting is our headmaster.
正在会议上讲话的人是我们的校长。
Most of people invited to the party didn’t come.
大部分受邀参加晚会的人没来。
2、用作状语时，分词短语多放在句首，有时也可以放在句尾。
Looking out of the window, he saw a dog running after a mouse.
往窗外看时，他看到一只狗追一只老鼠。
Inspired by what the teacher said, he studied even harder.
受到了老师说的鼓励，他学习更加刻苦了。
3、用作宾语补足语时，分词短语放在宾语后。
I had my car repaired this morning.
今天早上我找人修我的车了。
I will have my hair cut this afternoon.
今天下午我去理发。
When he woke up, he found some strangers surrounding him.
他醒来后发现一些陌生人围着他。
When he woke up, he found himself surrounded by some strangers.
他醒来后发现自己被一些陌生人围着。
分词（短语）与中心词
1、分词或分词短语用作定语时，中心词是被修饰的名词。
2、分词或分词短语用作状语时，中心词是句子的主语。
3、分词或分词短语用作宾语补足语时，中心词是宾语。
找出下列句子中分词或分词短语的中心词
1、China is a developing country belonging to the Third World.
developing是现在分词作前置定语，中心词是country。
belonging to the Third World是现在分词短语用作后置定语，中心词是country。
2、The man speaking at the meeting is our headmaster.
speaking at the meeting是现在分词短语用作后置定语，中心词是man。
3、Most of people invited to the party didn’t come.
invited to the party是过去分词短语用作后置定语，中心词是people。
找出下列句子中分词或分词短语的中心词
4、Looking out of the window, he saw a dog running after a mouse.
looking out of the window是现在分词短语作状语，中心词是句子的主语he。
running after a mouse现在分词短语作宾语补足语，中心词是 宾语a dog.
5、Inspired by what the teacher said, he studied even harder.
inspired by what the teacher said是过去分词短语作状语，中心词是主语he。
找出下列句子中分词或分词短语的中心词
6、I had my car repaired this morning.
repaired是过去分词作宾语补足语，中心词是宾语car。
7、I will have my hair cut this afternoon.
cut是过去分词作宾语补足语，中心词是宾语hair。
8、When he woke up, he found some strangers surrounding him.
surrounding him是现在分词短语作宾语补足语，中心词是宾语strangers。
9、When he woke up, he found himself surrounded by some strangers.
surrounded by some strangers是过去分词短语作宾语补足语，中心词是宾语himself。
分词或分词短语与中心词的关系
1、一般来说，现在分词用作定语时，与中心词，也就是被修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系，有时表示正在进行的动作；
用作定语时，及物动词变成的过去分词，与被修饰的名词有被动关系；不及物动词变成的过去分词有已经完成的意思。
The bridge ______(build) two hundred years ago is still in use.
两百年前修建的那座桥任然在使用。
The workers ________ (build) this bridge are all the young men of your age.
修建这座桥的工人都是你这个年龄的年轻人。
He likes to drink cold ________ (boil) water.
他喜欢和凉开水。
built
building
boiled
分词或分词短语与中心词的关系
2、现在分词用作状语时，与中心词，也就是句子的主语有逻辑上的主谓关系；过去分词用作状语时，与句子的主语有被动关系。
______(open) the drawer he took out a dictionary.
他打开抽屉，拿出一本词典。
________ (see) from the top of the TV tower, the city looks more beautiful.
从电视台顶上看，这个城市看起来更美丽。
_________(compare) with the old one, the new
house looks brighter 和旧房子相比，新房子看起来更明亮。
Seen
Compared
Opening
分词或分词短语与中心词的关系
3、现在分词用作宾语补足语时，与中心词，也就是句子的宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系；过去分词用作宾语补足语时，与句子的宾语有被动关系。
1)He once heard the song _________ (sing) in German.
2)On his way to school, he found a mobile phone _________ (lie) on the ground.
3)Please keep us _________(inform) of the latest development.
4)You’d better have your article ________ (check) 5) When I entered the clinic, I saw a patient _____ (examine) by the doctor.
sung
lying
informed
checked
examined
现在分词和过去分词练习
一、找出下列句子中分词或分词短语，说出其与中心词的关系
1、China is a developing country belonging to the Third World.
2、The man speaking at the meeting is our headmaster.
3、Most of the people invited to the party didn’t come.
4、Looking out of the window, he saw a dog running after a mouse.
5、Inspired by what the teacher said, he studied even harder.
中心词country, 主动关系
中心词country, 主动关系
中心词man, 主动关系
中心词people, 被动关系
中心词he, 主动关系
中心词dog, 主动关系
中心词he, 被动关系
6、I had my car repaired this morning.
7、I will have my hair cut this afternoon.
8、When he woke up, he found some strangers surrounding him.
9、When he woke up, he found himself surrounded by some strangers.
中心词car, 被动关系
中心词hair, 被动关系
中心词strangers, 主动关系
中心词himself, 被动
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Have you heard the song (sing) by this famous singer
2. Do you know the singer _________(sing) this song now
3. (sing) by a young famous singer, this song is popular with young people.
4. (sing) this song, the young people were very excited.
5.They are listening to this famous singer
(sing) this song.
6. ____________ (wear) a new red dress, she entered the classroom.
sung
singing
Sung
Singing
singing
Wearing
1. Murder in a Country House is a horror film _______ (direct) by Cindy Clark, a new director.
《乡宅凶杀案》是一部由导演Cindy Clark执导的恐怖片。
directed by …是过去分词短语，用作定语，修饰前面的film。
2. Dressed up as Father Christmas and ________________ (accompany) by a guard of honour of six pretty girls, he set off down the main street of the city _________ (ride) a baby elephant ______ (call) Jumbo.
他打扮成圣诞老人，在由6个漂亮姑娘组成的“仪仗队”的陪同下，骑上一头名叫江伯的小象，沿着城里的主要街道出发了。
accompanied
riding
directed
called