2022年中考英语语法被动语态课件44张

(共44张PPT)
中考英语语法之一般时态的被动语态
学习目标
Course Objectives
1.掌握被动语态的基本结构和用法
2.掌握一般时态的被动语态
3.掌握含情态动词的被动语态
4.主动结构表被动意义
5.含to的被动语态短语
目录
Catalog
1. 引入
2. 被动语态的基本结构和用法
3. 一般时态的被动语态
4. 含有情态动词的被动语态
5. 主动结构表被动意义
6. 含to的被动语态短语
7. 课后总结
8. 诊断反馈
课程引入
内容讲解
课后总结
诊断反馈
课程引入
课程引入
内容讲解
课后总结
诊断反馈
猫打老鼠。
The cat beats the mouse.
老鼠被猫打。
The mouse is beaten by the cat.
课程引入
PART 02
被动语态的基本结构和用法
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态（Active Voice）和被动语态（Passive Voice）。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
被动语态：be + done(及物动词的过去分词)
Football is played by people.
被动语态的基本结构和用法
The cat beats the mouse. （主动主语动）
The mouse is beaten by（由）the cat. （被动主被动）
主 谓 宾
被动语态的基本结构和用法
规则动词的过去分词和过去式基本一致。
1. 一般在动词末尾加-ed；
2. 以不发音e字母结尾的，加d；
3. 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 -ed；
4. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed；
动词的过去分词
不规则动词过去式和过去分词：
am/is-was-been are-were-been
do-did-done see-saw-seen
give-gave-given go-went-gone
come-came-come have-had-had
动词的过去分词
双宾语的被动语态
My father gave me a dictionary.
→ I was given a dictionary by my father.
My father gave me a dictionary.
→A dictionary was given to me by my father.
类似用法的动词：
buy, give, leave, lend, pay, show, teach, tell, bring, pass, sell, send
被动语态后的介词用to/for
It's known/reported/said/believed（that）...
It's said that it will rain soon.
据说很快要下雨。
It's reported the presedent will visit China.
据报道总统将要访问中国。
It's believed the story is true.
众所周知这个故事是真实的。
被动语态的特殊句式
1. --Our classroom is so clean.
--It ___________ every day.
A. is cleaned B. was cleaned
C. cleans D. cleaned
2. Today, computers are really helpful. They _________ everywhere.
A. use B. are used
C. used D. were used
课堂练习
1. --Our classroom is so clean.
--It ___________ every day.
A. is cleaned B. was cleaned
C. cleans D. cleaned
2. Today, computers are really helpful. They _______ everywhere.
A. use B. are used
C. used D. were used
A
B
课堂练习
1.这个男孩被他的爷爷照顾。
2.这辆车被我的爸爸驾驶。
3.据报道越来越多的人离开了那个国家。
课堂练习
1.这个男孩被他的爷爷照顾。
The boy is taken care of by his grandfather.
2.这辆车被我的爸爸驾驶。
The car is driven by my father.
3.据报道越来越多的人正离开那个国家。
It's reported that more and more people are leaving the country.
课堂练习
PART 03
各种时态的被动语态
时态 主/被动语态 练习
一般现在时 do/be The classroom
by us.(clean)
am/is/are done
一般过去时 did/was/were The kite by him yesterday.(make)
was/were done
一般将来时 will/shall/be going to do Trees by them tomorrow.(plant)
will/shall/be going to be done
一般时态的被动语态
【例题精讲】
Flowers ____________along the road last year.
A. plant B. planted
C. are planted D. were planted
一般时态的被动语态
【例题精讲】
Flowers ____________along the road last year.
A. plant B. planted
C. are planted D. were planted
【考点精析】D. 本题考查一般过去时的被动语态结构。根据flowers与plant是被动关系应选用被动语态；再根据时间状语last year可知本句是一般过去时，因此用were planted。
一般时态的被动语态
1. The students _________ often _________(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.
2. That play ________ (put) on again sometime next month.
3. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.
4. Piano concert _____________(give) here last Friday.
用动词的正确语态填空
课堂练习
1. The students _________ often _________(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.
2. That play ________ (put) on again sometime next month.
3. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.
4. Piano concert _____________(give) here last Friday.
用动词的正确语态填空
【答案】1. are told 2. will be put
3. are sold 4. was given
课堂练习
PART 04
含有情态动词的被动语态
【例题精讲】
--Teachers often say that mistakes should ______ in time.
-- I think so. It's really good advice.
A. correct B. be correcting
C. have corrected D. be corrected
含情态动词的被动语态
【例题精讲】
--Teachers often say that mistakes should ______ in time.
-- I think so. It's really good advice.
A. correct B. be correcting
C. have corrected D. be corrected
【考点精析】D.
本题考查含有情态动词的被动语态结构：（注意：由于情态动词后 要用动词原形，所以含有情态动词的被动语态结构中be无变化。）
must/may/might/can/should/could +be done
含情态动词的被动语态
1. The old man is ill. He ___________(should, send) to the hospital.
2. ____________the magazine ___________ (can, take) out of the library
3. As everyone knows, rubbish ___________(must, throw) everywhere.
课堂练习
【答案】1.should be sent 2.Can; be taken
3.mustn’t be thrown
PART 05
主动结构表被动意义
1. need, want, require（要求，需要）/ be worth（值得）
1）这本书值得一读。
The book is worth reading.
2）这座古建筑需要修了。
The old building requires repairing.
3）这些幼苗将需要小心的照管。
These young seedlings will need looking after.
主动结构表被动含义
2. 官系动词：look（看起来）/sound（听起来）/taste（尝起来）/feel（感觉起来）/smell（闻起来）
1）我们穿着制服很难看。
Uniforms look ugly on us.
2）月饼尝起来很好吃。
Moon cakes taste delicious.
主动结构表被动含义
3. sell, wash, write, read, clean, cook, break, catch, drive, lock, open等词作不及物动词时，主语为物。它们被用来描述主语特征，通常与well, easily, smoothly等副词连用。
1） 这种钢笔写起来很流畅。
This kind of pen writes very smoothly.
2）这种样式的衬衫在这儿卖得很好。
This kind of shirt sells well here.
3）这种布料很容易清洗。
This kind of cloth washes easily.
主动结构表被动含义
【例题精讲】
Your hair wants ___________. You’d better have it done tomorrow.
A. cut B. to cut C. cutting D. being cut
主动结构表被动含义
【例题精讲】
Your hair wants ___________. You’d better have it done tomorrow.
A. cut B. to cut C. cutting D. being cut
【考点精析】选C. 本题考查主动结构表被动含义：
want/need/require doing= want/need/require to be done
根据句意“你的头发需要剪了。”hair和cut之间是被动关系，根据want主动表被动的用法，用cutting。
主动结构表被动含义
1. --How do you like the material
--Very much. It _______soft and nice.
A. feels B. is felt C. is feeling D. felt
2. --Do you like the new pen
--Yes. It __________ very well.
A. is written B. is writing C. wrote D. writes
课堂练习
1. --How do you like the material
--Very much. It _______soft and nice.
A. feels B. is felt C. is feeling D. felt
2. --Do you like the new pen
--Yes. It __________ very well.
A. is written B. is writing C. wrote D. writes
【答案】1. A 2.D
课堂练习
1.这种裤子卖的很好。
This kind of pants _____________well.
2.那个故事听起来很有趣。
That story ____________interesting.
3.那本小说值得读。
That novel is worth _____________.
4.我的手表需要修理。
My watch needs ______________.
课堂练习
【答案】1. sells 2. sounds 3. reading 4. repairing
1.这种裤子卖的很好。
This kind of pants _____________well.
2.那个故事听起来很有趣。
That story ____________interesting.
3.那本小说值得读。
That novel is worth _____________.
4.我的手表需要修理。
My watch needs ______________.
课堂练习
PART 06
含to的被动语态短语
变被动还原to：四看三使两听一感觉
四看（look/see/watch/notice）三使（make/have/let）
两听（listen to/hear） 一感觉（feel）
A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.
→ My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.
The boss made the little boy do heavy work.
→ The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.
含to的被动语态短语
【例题精讲】
In the past the children were made ______15 hours a day.
A. to lock B. work
C. to work D. lock
含to的被动语态短语
【例题精讲】
In the past the children were made ______15 hours a day.
A. to lock B. work
C. to work D. lock
【考点精析】C.使役动词make sb. do结构变被动时要还原省略掉的to，即be made to do结构。
含to的被动语态短语
主动变被动：
1. We often see him play football. ________________________________________.
2. The boss made his workers work 12 hours a day. ________________________________________.
3. I heard her sing an English song just now.
________________________________________.
4. I felt the ship roll.
________________________________________.
课堂练习
主动变被动：
1. We often see him play football. ________________________________________.
2. The boss made his workers work 12 hours a day. ________________________________________.
3. I heard her sing an English song just now.
________________________________________.
4. I felt the ship roll.
________________________________________.
【答案】 1. He is often seen to play football.
2. The workers were made to work 12 hours a day by the boss.
3. She was heard to sing an English song just now.
4. The ship was felt to roll.
课堂练习
PART 07
课后总结
被动语态的基本结构？ 一般时态呢？ 双宾语的被动语态？
含情态动词的
主动结构表被动意义
含to的被动语态短语
课堂总结